atls capítulo 2

8/19/2019 ATLS Capítulo 2

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MANEJO DE LA VÍA

AÉREA YVENTILACIÓN

JUAN GUZMÁNSONIA TAPIA

INTERNADO UG-JBG

2015 - 2016


2/21

Generalidades• ↓Suminist! "# s$n%# !&i%#n$"$ $'

(##)! * t#+i"!s ,it$'#s ($us$./i"$ "# mu#t# #n #' t$um$ti$"!

• P#,#n(in "# '$ 3i/!mi$ 4 ,$

$#$ /#m#$)'# * s#%u$7 8

,#nti'$(in $"#(u$"$7

• 79!nstitu*#n '$ /i!i"$" "#' tt!

:#nt# $ '!s "#m.s /!)'#m$s

• As#%u$ ,$ $#$; suminist$

!&%#n!7; * $/!*! ,#nti'$t!i!

7


3/21

Las muertes tempranas preeni!lesresultan de"

N! #(!n!(# '$ n#(#si"$" "# int#,#ni '$ ,$

$#$ In($/$(i"$" "# #st$)'#(# un$ ,$ $#$ In($/$(i"$" "# #(!n!(# '$ n#(#si"$" "# (!nt$

(!n un /'$n $'t#n$ti,! /$$ $s#%u$ '$ ,$$#$ #n ($s! "# int#nt!s :$''i"!s "# intu)$(in

N! #(!n!(# un "is/!siti,! "# ,$ $#$ m$'(!'!($"!

D#s/'$$mi#nt! "# un$ ,$ $#$ (!'!($"$/#,i$m#nt#

N! #(!n!(# '$ n#(#si"$" "# ,#nti'$(in As/i$(in "# (!nt#ni"! %.sti(!

•


4/21

V#a a$rea>9m! s si '$ ,$ $#$ #s $"#(u$"$?


5/21

%rimer&s pas&s para identi'(ar ) tratar un (&mprp&ten(ialmente m&rtal de la #a a$rea

R#(!n!(# '!s /!)'#m$s#'$(i!n$"!s (!n=

• T$um$ m$&i'!:$(i$'• T$um$ (#,i($'• T$um$ '$n%#!• I"#nti@($(in "# si%n!s

!)+#ti,!s "# !)stu((in "#'$ ,$ $#$


6/21

Re(&n&(imient& del pr&!lema• 9!m/!mis! "# '$ ,$ $#$• T$ui/n#$• M$ni!)$ ini(i$' m.s im/!t$nt#= In"u(i un$

#s/u#st$ ,#)$'• P$(i#nt#s (!n $'t#$(in "#' ni,#' "# (!n(i#n(i$=

• Ti#n#n i#s%! "# /#s#nt$ (!m/!mis! "# ,$ $#$• 9!n :#(u#n(i$; #ui##n ,$ $#$ "#@niti,$7

• Pu#"#n t#n# $:#(t$"$ su ,#nti'$(in=•

P(t#s in(!ns(i#nt#s (!n t$um$tism! "# (.n#!• P(t#s (!n t$st!n!s "# '$ (!n(i#n(i$ /! $'(!3!' *C!

"!%$s• P(t#s (!n '#si!n#s t!.(i($s

• Anti(i/$ /!si)i'i"$" "# ,mit! * /#/$$s#/$$ su m$n#+!


7/21

Trauma Ma*il&+a(ial• M$n#+! $%#si,! /#! (ui"$"!s!•

T$um$ "# '$ /$t# m#"i$ "# '$ ($$ :$(tu$s *'u&$(i!n#s u# (!m/!m#t#n n$s! * !!:$in%#

• $(tu$s :$(i$'#s s# $s!(i$n $7=• #m!$%i$s• Aum#nt! "# s#(#(i!n#s• D#s/#n"imi#nt! "# /i#$s "#nt$i$s

• 79$us$n /!)'#m$s $"i(i!n$'#s /$$ m$nt#n#/#m#$)'# '$ ,$ $#$

• $(tu$s "# m$n")u'$ 4 /"i"$ "# s!/!t#n!m$'

• F$ /!si(in su/in$ /u#"# !)stui '$ ,$ $#$• P(t# u# s# #s$ $ #st$ $(!st$"!• P"i"$ t!t$' "# '$ ,$ $#$ /! "isminu(in !

$us#n(i$ "#' t!n! mus(u'$


8/21


9/21

Trauma Lar#n,e&• K si%n!s ($$(t#sti(!s=

• R!nu#$• En@s#m$ su)(ut.n#!• $(tu$ /'$/$)'#

• S# $s!(i$n (!n=• F#si!n#s "# #s:$%!• F#si!n#s "# '$ $t#i$ ($ti"$ ! '$ ,#n$ *u%u'$• E&t#ns$s "#stu((i!n#s "# t#+i"!

• R#s/i$(in ui"!s$ ,s R#s/i$(in $us#nt#• ↓Ni,#' "# (!n(i#n(i$ "i@(u't$ '$ "#t#((in !)stu((in

si%ni@($ti,$• Es:u#! ,#nti'$t!i! '$)!i!s!= /u#"# s# #' ni(! in"i(i!

"# !)stu((in C '#sin t$u#!)!nui$'• S!s/#(3$ "# :$(tu$ "# '$in%# TA9


10/21

-i,n&s &!.eti&s de &!stru((i/nde #a a$reaP$(i#nt# $%it$"! ! #stu/!!s!

• A%it$(in 4 3i/!&i$ ↓S#ns!i! 4 3i/#($/ni$• 9i$n!sis 4 3i/!mi$ /! !&i%#n$(in

insu@(i#nt#• O&im#t$ "# /u's! R#t$((i!n#s #n t$&

Aus(u't# i"#nti@($n"! ui"!s $n!m$'#s• R#s/i$(in ui"!s$ 4 !)stu((in #s/i$t!i$•

R!nu#$; s!ni"!s "# %!%!t#! ! #sti"! 4!)stu((in /$(i$' "# '$ :$in%# C '$in%#• Dis:!n$ 4 !)stu((in :un(i!n$' "# '$ '$in%#

• F!($'i(# '$ t.u#$ /! /$'/$(in


11/21

Ventila(i/n• As#%u$ un$ ,$ $#$ /#m#$)'# #s #' /im# /$s! im/!t$nt# /$

/!,## !&%#n! $' /$(i#nt#• Un$ ,$ $#$ /#m#$)'# n! )#n#@(i$. $' /$(i#nt# $ m#n!s u# #

,#nti'$"! $"#(u$"$m#nt#• D#)#m!s )us($ (u$'ui# si%n! "# ,#nti'$(in "#@(i#nt#


12/21

Re(&n&(imient& del pr&!lema• F$ ,#nti'$(in /u#"# (!m/!m#t#s# /!=

• O)stu((in "# '$ ,$ $#$• A't#$(in "# '$ m#(.ni($ ,#nti'$t!i$• D#/#sin "#' SN9

• H$ $#$ /#m#$)i'i$"$ ,#nti'$(in n! m#+!$ )us($ * t$t$ !t$s #ti!'!%$s• T$um$ "i#(t! s!)# #' t$& L:$(tu$s (!st$'#s "!'! H#nti'$(in ./i"$; su/#@(i$

3i/!mi$• P(t#s "# #"$" $,$n$"$ ! (!n #n:#m#"$" /u'm!n$ /##&ist#nt# insu@(i#n(i$ ,#nti'$• F#si!n#s int$($n#$'#s /$t!n#s #s/i$t!i!s $n!m$'#s $:#(t$(in "# '$ #@($(i$ "#

,#nti'$(in• F#si!n#s "# m"u'$ (#,i($' #s/i$(in "i$:$%m.ti($ int#:##n(i$ (!n '$ ($/$(i"$"

s$tis:$(# '$ "#m$n"$ $um#nt$"$ "# O2• S#((in (!m/'#t$ "# '$ m"u'$ #s/in$' (!n (!ns#,$(in "#' n#,i! :ni(!7 L9K * 9 /!

• R#s/i$(in $)"!min$'• P$.'isis "# '!s ms(u'!s int#(!st$'#s


13/21

0C/m& s$ si la entila(i/n esade(uada1•

O)s#,# $sim#t$ t!.(i($ "u$nt# '$ ins/i$(in * '$ #s/i$(isi '$ $m/'itu" t!.(i($ #s '$ $"#(u$"$• Asim#t$ 4 Inm!,i'i$(in "# '$ ($+$ t!.(i($ ! un t$& in#st$)'#• R#s/i$(in '$)!i!s$ 4 Am#n$$ inmin#nt# "# '$ ,#nti'$(in

• Aus(u't# '$ #nt$"$ "# $i# )i'$t#$' #n #' t$&• ↓ ! $us#n(i$ #n un! ! $m)!s 3#mit$& 4 '#sin t!.(i($•

#(u#n(i$ #s/i$t!i$ Lt$ui/n#$ 4 insu@(i#n(i$ #s/i$t!i$• Uti'i(# #' !&m#t! "# /u's! P!/!(i!n$ in:!m$(in "# '$

s$tu$(in "# O2 * "# '$ /#:usin /#i:i($ n! #,$'$ '$,#nti'$(in


14/21

Rem&(i/n del (as(&


15/21

Rem&(i/n del (as(&


16/21

%rede(ir #a a$rea di+#(il• E,$'u$ '$ ,$ $#$ $nt#s "# intu)$

/$$ /#"#(i #' %$"! "# "i@(u't$"• $(t!#s u# /#"i(#n '$ "i@(u't$"

#n #' m$n#+! "# '$ ,$ $#$ s!n=• F#sin "# '$ (!'umn$ (#,i($'• Atitis s#,#$ "# '$ (!'umn$ (#,i($'• T$um$ m$&i'!:$(i$' ! m$n"i)u'$

im/!t$nt#• Fimit$(in "# '$ $/#tu$ )u($'• O)#si"$"• H$i$(i!n#s $n$tmi($s L/! #+#m/'!=

#t!%n$ti$; /!%n$tism! * un (u#''!(!t! * mus(u'!s!


17/21

LIMOM

• L 4 Lesi/n e*terna• I 4 Inesti,ue (&n la re,la del 23234• M 4 M$''$m/$ti• O 4 O!stru((i/n• M 4 M&ilidad del (uell&


18/21

LIMOM


19/21

Es5uema dede(isi/n de #a

a$rea


20/21

T$(ni(as de mantenimient& de la#a a$rea


21/21

Mane.& de la #a a$rea

atls capítulo 2

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