visita a jabillal mantenimiento general

8/16/2019 Visita a Jabillal Mantenimiento General

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REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA

MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA DEFENSA

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL

POLITÉCNICA DE LA FUERZA ARMADA NACIONAL BOLIVARIANA

UNEFA

NÚCLEO GUÁRICO

Visita de campo a plantas de tratamiento modular,

compacta y convencional ubicadas en “Jabillal”

FACILITADOR: INTEGRANTES:

Ing. Jos So!"#$%no J&s's D&!g%(o

M%#)% A#$o!%

J*!+o ,n-n(&$

Mo+ss Ro(#)g*&$

G!+%#(o ,n-n(&$

V"n+/% R+%

Ronn+ Z%

A1#+!2 3456


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Marco teórico

Embalse

S& (&no+n% &1%!s& % !% %/**!%/+"n (& %g*% 0#o(*/+(% 0o# *n%

/ons7#*//+"n &n &! !&/8o (& *n #)o o %##o9o *& /+#% 0%#/+%! o 7o7%!&n7& s* /%*/&.

En Es0%;% s& &0!&% o/%s+on%!&n7& &! 7#+no 0%n7%no /on &s7& s+gn+


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N+?&! )n+o: &s &! n+?&! )n+o *& 0*&(& %!/%n$%# &! &1%!s&2 /o+n/+(&

/on &! n+?&! )n+o (& !% 7o% s+7*%(% &n !% &no# /o7%.

N+?&! )n+o o0%/+on%!: &s &! n+?&! 0o# (&1%>o (&! /*%! !%s &s7#*/7*#%s

%so/+%(%s %! &1%!s& 9 !% 0#&s% no o0%n * o0%n &n &7+?o

9 !% 0#+o#+(%( &s g%#%n7+$%# !% s&g*#+(%( (& !% 0#&s%. En &s7% o2 s+n &1%#go= s& +n7&n7%#- +n++$%# !os +sos.

N+?&! -@+o: &n &s7& n+?&! 9% !% 0#+o#+(%( %1so!*7% &s !% s&g*#+(%( (& !%

0#&s%= (%(o *& *n% #*07*#% s)% /%7%s7#"o. S& %n7+&n& &!

n+?&! % 7o(% /os7%2 &! /%*(%! (&s/%#g%(o &s +g*%! %! /%*(%! *& &n7#% &n &!

&1%!s&.

Volúmenes característicos de un embalse

Los ?o!'&n&s /%#%/7)s7+/os (& !os &1%!s&s &s7-n %so/+%(os % !os n+?&!&s2(& &s7%


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• Vo!*&n '7+!= &! /o0#&n(+(o &n7#& &! n+?&! )n+o 9 &! n+?&! -@+o

o0%/+on%!.

• Vo!*&n (& !%+n%/+"n= &s &! ?o!*&n /o0#&n(+(o &n7#& &! n+?&! -@+o

o0%/+on%! 9 &! n+?&! -@+o no#%!. Es7& ?o!*&n= /oo s* no1#& +n(+/%=

s& *7+!+$% 0%#% #&(*/+# &! /%*(%! ?+(o &n !%s %?&n+(%s= 0%#% !++7%# !os (%;os

%g*%s %1%>o.

íos

Es *n% /o##+&n7& n%7*#%! (& %g*% *&

g#%?&(%( (+s/*##& (& !%s 0%#7&s %!7%s 8%/+% !%s 1%>%s. Pos&& *n /%*(%! (&7+n%(o 9


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E! %1%s7&/++&n7o (& %g*% 0o7%1!& 0%#% !% 0o1!%/+"n /ons*o 8*%no 9 *so

+n(*s7#+%!. P+7+# !% n%?&g%/+"n Con7&n 9 %7&n*%# !os /%*(%!&s &@7#&os (& !%s /#&/+(%s


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!ducción y conducción

%aptación:

A 7#%?s (& !% 8+s7o#+%= &! 8o1#& 8% n&/&s+7%(o (& *n s*+n+s7#o %(&/*%(o (&

%g*% 0%#% s* %!+&n7%/+"n= s&g*#+(%( 9 1+&n&s7%#. E! %g*% &s *n% n&/&s+(%( *n+?s%!

9 &s &! 0#+n/+0%!


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%onducción:

S& (&no+n% !)n&% (& /on(*//+"n % !% 0%#7& (&! s+s7&% /ons7+7*7+?o 0o# &!

/on>*n7o (& (*/7os 9 %//&so#+os (&s7+n%(os % 7#%ns0o#7%# &! %g*% (&s(& (on(& s&

&n/*&n7#% &n &s7%(o n%7*#%! 8%s7% *n 0*n7o *& 0*&(& s *n 7%n*& (&

%!%/&n%+&n7o o 1+&n *n% 0!%n7% 0o7%1+!+$%(o#%2 !% /%0%/+(%( (& &s7% !)n&% (&1&

/%!/*!%#s& /on &! g%s7o -@+o (+%#+o.

L%s !)n&%s (& /on(*//+"n !%s 0o(&os (+?+(+# &n (os 7+0os: !%s !)n&%s (&

/on(*//+"n 0o# g#%?&(%( 9 !)n&%s (& /on(*//+"n (& 1o1&o.

&íneas de conducción por "ravedad

S& !& (% &s7& no1#& /*%n(o 0%#% %1%s7&/ % *n% 0o1!%/+"n= %(&-s (& 0!%n7%

0o7%1+!+$%(o#% s& /ons7#*9& *n 7%n*& &!&?%(o *& 0o# !% 0#o0+% /%)(% (&! %g*% (&1+(o

% !%


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0*&(&n &s7%1!&/s& % 7#%?s (& so1#&0#&s+on&s 0o# s7%s ?%#+%/+on&s (& o *&

0#o(*/&n o?++&n7os s'1+7os (& %+#& (& *n% 0os+/+"n % o7#% s&g*+(os 0o# &! go!0& (&

%g*%.

$uberías enterradas

L%

/%1!&s &!/7#+/os= 7&!&!)*+(o o g%s&oso. En !% %9o#)% (& !os /%sos s& 7#%7% (& !)*+(os2 (& s7os &s &! -s

/o'n &s &! %g*% &n (+%(%s (& %$o7&%s 0*&(&n s (&s(& H (& (+-&7#o 9 &n !% 0%#7& &n7#%(%= (&n7#o (& !%s /ons7#*//+on&s

&s (& 544 /oo )n+o= +&n7#%s *& !% 0%#7& *n+/+0%! 7+&n&

(+-&7#os (&s(& 54 8%s7% (& (+&ns+on&s 7%!&s *& 0+7+#)%n &! 0%so

(& ?&8)/*!os &n s* +n7+o#.• Ag*%s n&g#%s: F*n/+on%n &n


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!o *& (&1& &!&?%#s& !% 0#&s+"n *s*%! &n %g*% 0o7%1!& 0%#% s%7+s


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• To0og#%o (& +ns7%!%/+"n.• D+s0on+1+!+(%( &n !os 7%%;os #&*+(os.• T+0o (& >*n7%. ,&7+/+(%( 9 &.• D+s0on+1+!+(%( 9

$ubos de asbesto'cemento(

E! %s1&s7o/&&n7o &s *n %7+%! 7)0+/%&n7& o(no. S*s /ons7+7*9&n7&s

0#+n/+0%!&s son /&&n7o P"#7!%n(=


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Es *n% 7*1)% !+g% s& 0*&(& (&/+# *& !% -s !+g% &n &! /%0o (& #&(&s (&

%1%s7&/++&n7o= 1%s7%n7& +n&s % !% %g#&s+?+(%( (& !%s %g*%s 9 (& !%s 7+#%s. L%

s*0+(&%! 0%#% /on&/7%# *n% %7#+$ *& s& &n/*&n7#% &n7#%(% % /+% 0#o& (& !% 1o1% 9 (&! o7o# &s7- % !% +s% %!7*#%. L% 1o1% no (&1&

7#%1%>%# &n s&/o 9% *& n&/&s+7% &! !)*+(o 1o1&%(o /oo !*1#+/%n7& &n7#& %n+!!os

#o$%n7&s 9 #o(&7& 9 &n7#& &0%*&7%(*#% 9 &>&.

V&n7%>%s (& !%s 1o1%s /&n7#+


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• Son (& /ons7#*//+"n -s 1%#%7% *& !%s ?+/%!&s.• S* %n7&n++&n7o 9 /ons?%/+"n &s */8o -s s&n/+!!o 9 &/on"+/o.• E! (&son7%>& (& !% 1o1% s& 0*&(& 8%/ s+n n&/&s+(%( (& o? &! o7o#.• No 8%9 *& 7o/%# !%s /on&@+on&s (& %s0+#%/+"n & +0*!s+"n.• F-/+! (& +ns7%!%#.

*ombas centrífu"as verticales no sumer"idas

En !%s 1o1%s ?+/%!&s no s*g+(%s= &! o7o# g&n%!&n7& &s7-

(+#&/7%&n7& &n/+% (& !% 1o1%. T%1+n 0*&(& &s7%# *9 0o# &n/+% (& !% 1o1%

0%#% 0#o7&g!o (& *n% 0os+1!& +n*n(%/+"n o 0%#% 8%/!o -s %//&s+1!&.

E! &>& (& !% 1o1% 0*&(& s #)g+(o o *n7%s *n+?s%!&s.

Es7o so!*/+on% &! 0#o1!&% (&! %!+n&%+&n7o.

S& 0*&(& *s%# !%s +s%s 1o1%s 8o#+$on7%!&s= so!%&n7& 8%9 *& o(++n&7&s.

L% ?&n7%>% (& !%s 1o1%s ?+/%!&s &s *& n&/&s+7%n *9 0o/o &s0%/+o

8o#+$on7%!= son +(&%!&s 0%#% 7#%1%>%# &n 1%#/os= 0o$os= &7/. S& (&1& 0#&? s*& 9 (&son7%>&.

P%#% 1o1%s (& g#%n /%0%/+(%(= !% /ons7#*//+"n ?+/%! g&n%!&n7& &s

&nos /%#% *& !% 8o#+$on7%!.

&as bombas centrífu"as verticales no sumer"idas tienen su campo en:

• A0!+/%/+on&s %#+n%s.• Ag*%s s*/+%s.• D#&n%>&s.• I##+g%/+"n.• C+#/*!%/+"n (& /on(&ns%(o#&s= &7/.

*ombas sumer"ibles

Un% 1o1% s*g+1!& &s *n% 1o1% *& 7+&n& *n +0*!so# s&!!%(o % !%

/%#/%s%. E! /on>*n7o s& s*g& &n &! !)*+(o % 1o1&%#. L% ?&n7%>% (& &s7& 7+0o


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(& 1o1% &s *& 0*&(& 0#o0o#/+on%# *n% &= &! 1o1&o (& %g*%s #&s+(*%!&s= &! 1o1&o

+n(*s7#+%! g&n%! 9 &! 1o1&o (& !% &$/!%. L%s 1o1%s s*g+1!&s s& /o!o/%n

8%1+7*%!&n7& &n !% 0%#7& +n


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1o1% &s7- s+7*%(%

0o# &(+o (& (os 1#+(%s= &n !% /*%! *n% (& &!!%s 0&n&/& % !% 7*1)% 9 !% o7#% %!

&*+0o o %//&so#+o % s /on&/7%(o. L% ?&n7%>% (& !%s *n+on&s 1#+(%(%s #%(+/% &n &!

8&/8o (& *&= 0o# &s7%# *n+(%s 0o# &s0-##%gos= 0+7& &! #-0+(o on7%>& 9

(&son7%>& % o1>&7o (& #&%!+$%# #&0%#%/+on&s o %n7&n++&n7o.

-isco cie"o(

Son %//&so#+os *& s& *7+!+$%n &n !%s >*n7%s (& 7*1)%s &n7#& 1#+(%s 0%#%

1!o*&%#

Los (+s/os /+&gos &@+s7&n &n (+


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Son %//&so#+os (&

0+&$%s (& 7*1)%s 9 *& son V.lvulas:

Es *n %//&so#+o *& s& *7+!+$% 0%#% #&g*!%# 9 /on7#o!%# &!

Es7& 0#o/&so 0*&(& s (&s(& /o ?-!?*!% 7o7%!&n7& /#%(%= 8%s7% (& o

?-!?*!% 7o7%!&n7& %1+%= 9 0%s% 0o# 7o(%s !%s 0os+/+on&s +n7&(+%s= &n7#& &s7os

(os &@7#&os.

$ipos y características

L%s ?-!?*!%s 0*&(&n s (& ?%#+os 7+0os s&g'n s&% &! (+s&;o (&! /*o 9 &!

o?++&n7o (&! o17*#%(o#. L%s ?-!?*!%s (& o?++&n7o !+n&%! &n !%s *& &! o17*#%(o#

s& *&?& &n !% (+#&//+"n (& s* 0#o0+o &>& s& /!%s+


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V.lvula de /lobo

S+&n(o (& s+0!& %s+&n7o= (& (o1!& %s+&n7o 9 (& o17*#%(o# &*+!+1#%(o

#&s0&/7+?%&n7&. L%s ?-!?*!%s (& s+0!& %s+&n7o 0#&/+s%n (& *n %/7*%(o# (& %9o#

7%%;o 0%#% *& &! o17*#%(o# /+#& &n /on7#% (& !% 0#&s+"n (+

0#o?+s7os (& *n% %#%n(&!% (& 7&

(&! o17*#%(o# &s &no# *& &n !% ?-!?*!% (& s+0!& %s+&n7o. Po# &s7& o7+?o s&

&0!&% &n ?-!?*!%s (& g#%n 7%%;o o 1+&n /*%n(o (&1% 7#%1%>%#s& /on *n% %!7%

0#&s+"n (+

%(&/*%(% 0%#% (+s+n*+#!% os+"n /*%n(o &s7% &s /ons+(%1!& 0o# !%s /%#%/7)s7+/%s

(&! %# /on g#%n(&s 0#&s+on&s (+V.lvula de tres vías

Es7& 7+0o (& ?-!?*!% s& &0!&% g&n%!&n7& 0%#% &$/!%#

(+?%# *n o (& &n7#%(% (os (& s%!+(%. L%s ?-!?*!%s (& 7#&s ?)%s +n7?+&n&n

7)0+/%&n7& &n &! /on7#o! (& 7&0%7*#% (& +n7/%1+%(o#&s (& /%!o#.

V.lvula de Jaula


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Cons+s7& &n *n o17*#%(o# /+!)n(#+/o *& (&s!+$% &n *n% >%*!% /on o#+%s+&n7%n /on7#% !% >%*!% 9 0+7&n !og#%# %s) *n /+#& 87+/o.

V.lvula de %ompuerta

Es7% ?-!?*!% &


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V.lvula #aunders

E! o17*#%(o# &s *n% &1#%n%

s?oo7o#= &s ?-!?*!% s& /%#%/7+$% 0o# *& &! /*o 0*&(& #&?&s7+#s& %# /on % (& *& &! s?oo7o#

(& %//+on%+&n7o (&1& s *9 0o7&n7&. S& *7+!+$% 0#+n/+0%!&n7& &n 0#o/&sos

*)+/os (+o (&

&! /on7#o! (&

V.lvula de %ompresión

F*n/+on% &(+%n7& &! 0+n$%+&n7o (& (os o -s &!&&n7os &0!o= *n 7*1o (& go%. Ig*%! *& !%s ?-!?*!%s (& (+% 0%#7)/*!%s s"!+(%s &n s*s0&ns+"n.

V.lvula de 1bturador e2c3ntrico rotativo

Cons+s7& &n *n o17*#%(o# (& s*0&>& (& g+#o s%!& %! &@7+o# (&! /*o 9 &s %//+on%(o 0o# &! ?-s7%go (& *n s?oo7o#.

E! 0%# (& &s7& &s #&(*/+(o g#%/+%s %! o?++&n7o &@/n7#+/o (& !% /%#% &s


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V.lvula de Mariposa

E! /*o &s7- & (&

g+#o (&! (+s/o 9 &>/& s* 0%# -@+o /*%n(o !% ?-!?*!% &s7- 7o7%!&n7& %1+% &n

/on7#o! 7o(on%(% s& /ons+(%n 4 g#%(os 9 &n /on7#o! /on7+n*o 64 g#%(os= % 0%#7+# (&

!% 0os+/+"n (& /+#& 9% *& !% '!7+% 0%#7& (&! g+#o &s 1%s7%n7& +n&s7%1!&= s+&0#& *&

!% 0#&s+"n (+

!% 7*1)%. L% ?-!?*!% (& 1o!% s& &0!&% 0#+n/+0%!&n7& &n &! /on7#o! (& /%*(%! (&

& (& s"!+(os &n s*s0&ns+"n.

Un% ?-!?*!% (& 1o!% 7)0+/% &s !% ?-!?*!% (& %/8o *& /ons+s7& &n *n %/8o

(&


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E! o17*#%(o# (& &s7% ?-!?*!% /ons+s7& &n *n% /%+s% (&

/on7#% *n o17*#%(o#

0#o0+o

Empa6uetaduras

Es *n %//&so#+o *7+!+$%(o 0%#% #&%!+$%# s&!!%(os &n >*n7%s &/%n+$%(%s

&@+s7&n7&s &n !)n&%s (& s?+/+o o 0!%n7%s &n 0#o/&so.

$ipos:


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!nillos de acero: Son !%s *& s& *s%n /on 1#+(% *& 7+&n&n #%n*#%s 0%#% &! &0%!&

/on &! %n+!!o (& %/o. Es7& 7+0o (& >*n7%s (& 1#+(%s s& *s% &n !)n&%s (& %/&+7& (& %!7%

7&0%7*#% *& &@+s7&n &n *n %!%1+*&= o &s0+#%!&s (& *n %!%1+*& (& 7*1os. Es7&

7+0o (& >*n7% &n 1#+(%s s& *s% &n !)n&%s (& %on+%/o.

Empa6uetadura de asbesto: Coo s* no1#& !o +n(+/% son %s.

Empa6uetaduras de cartón: Son !%s *& s& *s%n &n /%>%s (& /on(&ns%(o#&s= (on(&

!% 7&0%7*#% 9 !% 0#&s+"n s&%n 1%>%s. Es7& 7+0o 0*&(& *s%#s& &n 8*&/os (& +ns0&//+"n

/*%n(o &! 7%n*& ?% % !!&n%#s& /on %g*%.

Empa6uetaduras de "oma: Son !%s *& s& *s%n &n 1#+(%s %/8os 9 8&1#%s *&

&s7n &n s?+/+o /on %on+%/o o &n&n *n o&n7o (&7+n%(o. M%9o#&n7& son *7+!+$%(os &n !)n&%s (& (+-&7#os

&no#&s.

$ipos:

S&g'n s*


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• R&s+s7&n/+%. T+&n&n *n% /%0%/+(%( (& #&s+s7&n/+% (& 54 !+1#%s 8%s7% 444 !+1#%s.• Es0&so#. R&0#&s&n7% &! g#oso# (& !% 0%#&( (&! 7%0"n.• J*n7%. L% %9o#)% (& !%s ?&/&s &s7os %//&so#+os s& +ns7%!%n (&

0%#%: %g*%s (& 0o$o 0#oos (& %!7% 7*#1+&(%( 9 /o!o# /*%n(o 8%9 !!*?+%s


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E! &1%!s& (& J%1+!!%! &s *n% o1#% %#7+%n(o %s) &n

!% 0%#7& (& 1o1&o *n% s*//+"n 0os+7+?%.

En !% %(*//+"n 7&n&os *& !% 7%n*+!!% *& s& &n/*&n7#% % 55Q s& o1s?"

*& &n/*&n7#% s&/% 0o# &! (+/8o


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0#o?&n+&n7&s (& !% /o##os+"n 0#o(*/+(% 0o# !% os+"n (&! %/o= !o /*%! %##o>% *& s&

n&/&s+7% #&%!+$%# *n %n7&n++&n7o /o##&/7+?o s*s7+7*9&n(o &s7& 7+0o (& %7+%! 0o#

7*1)%s (& PEAD o PVC *& 8%n (&os7#%(o s !%s -s &


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T&n&os *& &n !% 0!%n7% o(*!%# *& s& &n/*&n7#% &n


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ecomendaciones

En !% 0%#7& (&! &1%!s&= s& (&1& #&%!+$%# *n %n7&n++&n7o 0#&?&n7+?o/o##&/7+?o 1%s%(o &n *n% 0#o

1o1%s 0%#% s*s7+7*+# %!g*n% *& s*


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*iblio"rafía

G*#%= D. %#7&s (& &no (& 3456. SHIMGE . O17&n+(o (&8770:.s8+g&./o.?&C%7&go#+%s1o1%(&0o$o0#o*!+o (& 345. Bombas y tipos. O17&n+(o (&8770:.0%/./o.?&/on7&n+(o+n(*s7#+%+*&son1o1%s(&%g*%9s*7+0os5433H

L%#&s= E. +/o!&s (& %#$o (& 345. Wikipedia. O17&n+(o (&8770:.+n&%.go1.?&%#&%s&s7#%7&g+/%s%g*%s&1%!s&s&n?&n&$*&!%

M%#7+n&$= J. >*&?&s (& %gos7o (& 345Q. Minea. O17&n+(o (&8770:.+n&%.go1.?&%#&%s&s7#%7&g+/%s%g*%s&1%!s&s&n?&n&$*&!%

M&n(o$%= R. ?+n&s (& (+/+&1#& (& 345. Tratamiento de aguas. O17&n+(o (&8770:.7#%7%+&n7o%g*%s./o.?&0!%n7%s7#%7%+&n7o.87!

R&ng+


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An&@os

E1%!s& J%1+!!%! Bo*+!!% 5QQ= 0o# &n/+% (&! n+?&! (&! %g*%


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T%1!o (& /on7#o! (& 0!%n7% /o0%/7% Bo1% /&n7#+


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visita a jabillal mantenimiento general

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