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ManagementInformation Systems:

Classic Modelsand

New Approaches

Chapter 17

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Objectives

List and describe the classic functions of

managers planning, organizing, staffing,

directing, and controlling

Describe the purpose and components of a

management information system (MIS)

Explain how computer networking and relatedsoftware have flattened the classic

management pyramid

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Objectives

Describe how many companies use

employees in task-oriented teams

Describe the purpose and function of

sophisticated software for top managers

Explain the problems and solutions related to

managing personal computers Explain the concept of total cost of personal

computer ownership

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Contents

Management Functions

Management Levels

Information Systems

PersonalC

omputer Management MIS Leads into the Future

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Management Functions

Get the job

done

On time

Within budget

Satisfactorily

Usingavailable

resources

PlanningDevise short-range and long-rangeplans and set goals to help achievethe plans

OrganizingHow to use resources

Staffing

DirectingGuiding employees to perform theirwork

ControllingMonitoring progress towards goals

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Management Levels

High level (strategic) Long-range view

Planning

Middle level (tactical) Carry out the plan

Assemble the material

Hire the resources

Organize and staff

Low level (operational) Supervisor

Directing and controlling

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Management Levels

Job titles

Chief information officer (CIO)

Director of information services

Information resource manager

MIS manager

Comfortable with Computer technology

Organizations business

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Management Levels

Interaction Among Employees

Traditional hierarchy

High level manager issues directives to agroup of middle level managers

Each middle level manager issues directives

to a group of low level managers Each low level manager supervises other

employees to see that the work is completed

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Management Levels

Interaction Among Employees

Modern Hierarchy

Dispersion of information via network E-mail Groupware

Authority and work of managers has been altered

Promotes sharing of information

Decisions that were once management are now openfor comment and change

Supports team-based and information-drivenorganization

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Management Levels

Interaction Among Employees

Need new ways to monitor employees

Selection and training of employees

Set clear expectations

Use customer satisfaction to determineperformance

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Management Levels

Flattening the pyramid

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Information Systems

MIS Management Information System

DSS Decision Support Systems

EIS Executive Information Systems

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MISManagement Information System

Data + Organization

Set of formal business systems

designed to provide information for an

organization

Computers are typical components

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DSS

Decision Support Systems Supplements an MIS

Pulls information from variety of databases

Interactive

Nonroutine decision-making

Model mathematical representation of real-

life system

Simulation using a computer model toreach a decision about a real-life situation

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MIS vs. DSS

MIS Planned reporting

Standard, scheduled, structured, androutine

Constrained by the organizational system

DSS

Decision making Unstructured and by request

Immediate and friendly

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EIS

Executive Information Systems

DSS for top-level managers

How decisions effect entire organization Overall vision; company goals

Long-term objectives

Organizational structure

Staffing and labor relations

Crisis management

Control of overall operations

Access to information from external sources

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Personal Computers

Management

Benefits Increased productivity

Independence from MIS department

Problems No one in charge of overall purchase of PCs

Incompatibility

Network related issues Needed data from MIS

Training

Inventory

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Personal Computers

Management

Solutions

Staffing Personal Computer Manager Network Manager

Acquisitions policies

Information centers for assistance and training

Use software to control inventory of PCs

Remote access

Consider total cost of ownership (TCO)

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Personal Computers

Management

Personal Computer Manager Technology overload provide guidance to users for purchase

and use Data security and integrity addresses the issues of who hasaccess to what

Computer junkies set guidelines for PC use

Network Manager

Operational Provide methods for sharing

Install software

Backup

Network security

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Personal Computers

Management

ManagerCharacteristics

MIS background

Technical knowledge

Benefits and limitations of computers

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Personal Computers

Acquisition

Standards

Hardware

Software

Data communications

Limit the number of vendors

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Personal Computers

Information Center

Services Software and hardware

selection Data access

Network access

Training

Technical assistance

Easily accessible location User comes first

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Personal Computers

TrainingTraditional approach

Sporadic participation

Minimal results forextended training

Better approach Initial training

Home-grown gurus Follow-up support

Involve the workers

Web and CD basedtraining

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Personal Computers

Inventory

Budgets

Software

Count computers

Determines components

Determine installed software

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Personal Computers

Remote Access

Equipment needs

Security concern

Training

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TCO

Total Cost of Ownership

Initial hardware and software

Training

Support

Upgrading

Maintenance

Hardware

Software extras

Communications networks

TC

Oestimated at

four times

the hardwarecosts!

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TCO

Reduce the TCO

Limited Options standardize the orderingprocess including hardware, software, andoptions

Helpful software counts computers anddetermines their components and installedsoftware in a networked environment

Hardware and software upgrades insurethere is justification for an upgrade

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Management Information

Systems

Leading Business into the Future

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