mindfulness presentation[1]

8/13/2019 Mindfulness Presentation[1]

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mindfulness-presentation1 1/45

Mental Health Therapists’Perspectives on the Meaning of

Mindfulness

Sandra Kavanagh & Jean Morrissey

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Trinity College Dublin



Background of Study

Literature Review on Mindfulness Key Findings

Implications for Future Practice



MSc Study

Descriptive Qualitative Study

Ethical Approval Granted

Semi-Structured Interview

Process/Thematic Content Analysis Approach

10 Participants – Accredited /pre-accredited

Counsellor/Psychotherapists Supervisor – Ms Jean Morrissey



The Original Definition of Mindfulness is basedon the premise of compassionate awareness by

intentionally paying attention to presentmoment experiences and acceptance of thoseexperiences without judgement



‘Keeping one’s consciousness alive to

present reality…… paying attention ina particular way on purpose in the present moment and non –

judgementally’. (Kabat-Zinn 2012, p. 4, 11)



‘The self regulation of attention towards

present moment experience accompaniedby a curious open and accepting stance’.( Langdon et al. 2011, p. 270)



The traditional philosophy behind mindfulnesspractice is in creating an

Inner calmness

Quieting the mind of any distraction

Freeing the body of any tension or stress



To understand the principles behind mindfulness,cultivate mindfulness and develop the capacity tolive life in harmony with acceptance, love

compassion and clarity requires developing a setof skills through different types of mindfulnesspractice



‘maintaining awareness of thesensations in your body, the flow of

thoughts through your mind, the soundsand sights in your surroundings, thusmindfulness is awareness expanded into

ourselves and outward into the world’(McQuaid & Cameron 2004 p. 12)



Formal – Mindful of ones mental state anddaily activities in the moment

Informal – Breathing Techniques, SittingMeditation, The Body Scan, Movement

Awareness



To truly understand mindfulness requiresmore than just acquiring the skills andknowledge.

Compared to other yogic and other mediativetraditions mindfulness is unique in that itrequires experience through ongoing personalengagement in the practice. (Kabat-Zinn 2011)



Originates from Eastern Buddhist Psychology

Considered a Pathway to Enlightenment

To help one become free of all sufferingsbrought on from unhealthy attachments,desires, cravings , hatred and ignorance (Sach

2007)

A new way of thinking doing and seeing (Kabat-Zinn 2011)



The spread of Buddhist Psychology inparticular, mindfulness principles and practiceshave now moved from its place of origin in

northern India and has been embraced bywestern cultures



Inspired by Eastern Buddhist Psychology modernBuddhism in particular , the practice of mindfulnesshas seen a surge of interest within western mentalhealth services. (McWilliams 2012)

Empirical studies show promising results on theclinical benefits of mindfulness applied to clinicalpractice (Cheisa 2012)

Resulting in medical science and modern psychologyintegrating Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBI)with a range of people suffering debilitation medicalconditions and mental health problems (Keng et al. 2011)



Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)- (Kabat – Zinn 1990)

Dialectic Behavioural Therapy (DBT) - (Linehan, 1993)

Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) -(Hayes et al.1999)

Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy(MBCT) -(Segal etal. 2002)



Mindfulness Based Relationship Enhancement Therapy(MBRET) (Carson et al. 2004)

Mindfulness Action Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)16 week group programme combining cognitive withco-existing substance misuse (SUD) and binge eatingdisorders (BED). (Courbasson et al. (2011)

Mindfulness Based Awareness (MBA), youth specific

programme. (Hemelstein et al. 2012)



Used to promote well being for people with a range ofphysical conditions and mental health problems

Chronic Pain

Attention Deficit Hyper Activity (ADHD) Clinical Depression Anxiety (GAD)

Stress (PTSD)

Psychosis Schizophrenia Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

Addiction (SUD)

Eating Disorders (BED)



Self Care (Shapiro et al. 2007)

Improved Therapeutic Alliance (Crane et al. 2010)

Improved Therapeutic Outcomes (Brady et al. 2012)

Reduction in Medication Use (Paulik et al. 2010)

Reduction in Relapse (Bien & Bien 2002)

Increase in Accepting Attitudes (Hemelstein et al.

2012)



Mental Health Therapists’ Understanding ofMindfulness

Integrating Mindfulness to Clinical Practice

Developing and Learning Mindfulness



Being Aware

Being Relaxed

A Way of Being in the Present Moment

A Way of Getting Back in Touch With Oneself



My view of mindfulness is being awareof what's around being aware of

yourself, being aware of sounds, beingaware of what is going around you andalso being aware of your body (P7)



My understanding of mindfulness I suppose isbasically being in the present moment andcalming the spirit. (P5)

Mindfulness is distinct its more I mean mindfulnessis you can do it without religion. (P10)

It would be mindfulness but maybe faith it’s hard todistinguish between the two I kind of have the twointerwoven. (P3)



I just have a hard time people calling it a therapeuticapproach where to me it’s not a therapeuticapproach it’s a technique that can be used in

therapy. (P4)

It’s a tool to help you to enjoy the journey (P9)

I perceive mindfulness as a therapeutic practice I just cant see how it really is a therapeutic tool. (P1)



Works Well Through All Therapies

Numerous Therapeutic Benefits

Works Predominantly Well With Children,Adolescents and Adults

Works Well With an Accumulation of Mental

Health Problems



I have somebody who has not so muchemotional difficulties but behavioural

difficulties ADHD compulsions things likethat anger management I have found that itcan be difficult to try and get them to calm or

to accept the fact that what you are trying todo is to just ground them. (P8)



Meditation is kind of looked onsometimes especially by some guys as

being a soft kind of approach it’s sillykind of thing…. And meditation is not going to do anything. (P8)



I probably wasn’t a candidate for acourse like that straight away you know

it could make me weepy at times…. Itsbrought me into spaces that weren'teasiest for me (P9)



Ongoing professional development/ Necessary

Non – Engagement in the Practice/Busyiness

Different Styles of Training/CausingConfusion

Limited Available Courses

Training V Practice/Commitment Competency /Acceptable Levels of Training

Monitoring/Evaluation



I think from the way its started from were mindfulnessstarted and where it is today in 2012 lets say I think ithas been changed a lot it has been shaped a lot and alsoit has been changed to suit a lot of things. (P7)

Its just you know very much in the west we’re verymuch about a product we’re very much about creating a

product and what we tend to do is in creating that product we tend to lose an essences of what it is and I feel its has become very commercialised. (P1)



I don’t think mindfulness is understood Iknow I have my bit of understanding of it Iknow people are getting more becoming more

aware of what it might be (P2)

I feel I could learn more techniques (P1)

I suppose learning more about the concept Iwould love (P7)



Small Sample Size

Similar Backgrounds

One Location

Transcripts Not Reviewed

Anxiety Performance



In depth insight into real experiences

Opportunity to reflect & elaborate

Reduced Mixed Interpretations

Researcher highly skilled in interviewing



Certified Standardised MBI Training Programs

Supervision with Qualified MindfulnessSupervisor

Mediation Rooms for Therapists Re-fresher Courses

Regulated Standards of Teacher Training

Regulated Standards of Knowledge /Skills/

Experiential Learning Regulated Standards of Monitoring &

Evaluating Clinical Performance.



‘Mindfulness is the miracle that can call backin a flash our dispersed mind and restore it towholeness so that we can live each minute of

life… When you enter deeply into the presentmoment you see the nature of reality and thisinsight liberates you from suffering and

confusion’

-------- Thich Nhat Hanh

mindfulness presentation[1]

Documents