final-medicina_complementaria_al_alcance_de_todos_part_ii (3)

8/14/2019 Final-Medicina_Complementaria_Al_Alcance_de_Todos_Part_II (3)

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Nutrition and Supplementation Against Cancer

Nota: En esta seccin compartimos un artculo sin publicar cortesa de nuestros amigos Dr.Michael Gonzlez y Dr. Jorge R. Miranda-Massari, el cual nos presenta evidencia sobre cambiosen la energa en pacientes con cncer. Este artculo est en proceso de someterse parapublicacin a una revista profesional. Se han editado las figuras para adaptarlas al espaciodisponible. Slo est disponible en ingls junto a un resumen en espaol.

Mayra

Note: In this section we are sharing an unpublished article provided as a courtesy from ourfriends Dr. Michael Gonzlez and Dr. Jorge R. Miranda-Massari. It presents evidence about

energy changes in patients with cancer. This article is pending for submission to a professionaljournal. Figures have been adapted for available space. It is only available in English with asummary in Spanish.

Mayra

Measurement of Energy Metabolism in Cancer PatientsBy Fluorescence Emission from Serum

Nina A. Mikirova PhD1, Hugh D. Riordan MD1, Michael J. Gonzlez DSc, PhD, FACN2*, Jorge R.Miranda-Massari Pharm D2, Anglica M. Guzmn MSc2, Neil H. Riordan PhD3 and Paul Rillema, PhD4.

1The Center For The Improvement of Human Functioning International. Biocomunication ResearchInstitute, Wichita Ks. 2RECNAC II Project, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San

Juan PR. 3Aidan Foundation TempeA2,4Wichita State University, Dept of Chemistry, Wichita KS.

*Address correspondence to: Dr. Michael J. GonzlezUniversity of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, School of Public Health,Dept. of Human Development, Nutrition Program, RECNAC II Project,PO Box 365067, San Juan, P.R. 00936-5067.Tel. (787) 758-2525 ext. 11405e-mail: [email protected].

Short Title: Energy Metabolism in Cancer Patients


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Abstract

Changes in fluorescence emission in the serum of patients with various types of cancers werecharacterized. The measurement of fluorescence emission of serum in the uv-visible range byestimation of NAD(p)H levels allows to monitor the alterations in energy metabolism, resultingfrom changes in the level of coenzymes in serum associated with neoplastic disease. Weanalyzed the level of Coenzyme Q10 and the level of reduced Nicotinamide AdenineDinucleotide (NADPH) in serum to compare the bioenergetic role of these biomolecules. Therewas a correlation of the decreased level of serum emission (level of NADPH) with decreasedlevel of Coenzyme Q10 (R=0.44, p


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In addition to the complexity of observing differences in emission from different fractions inserum, fluorescence of native serum can be attributed to a variety of molecules which include:tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, NADH, pyridoxal phosphate, bilirubin, Flavin-AdenineDinucleotide (FAD) and others (12, 13). The fluorescence associated with these biomolecules is

defined by their concentration and distribution as well as the photochemical properties of theenvironment they are found.

The results reported herein allow us to differentiate normal from abnormal energy metabolism inindividuals using fluorescence emission from serum.

Methods

Experimental Procedures

Sample Preparation

Baseline control blood samples were obtained from healthy volunteers. The experimental serumsamples were obtained from cancer patients. Serum was separated from whole blood bycentrifugation at 3,500 rpm for 15 min. Serum samples were obtained from subjects who hadfasted overnight to exclude effects of fluorescence emission of medication, vitamins and food.Samples were stored and frozen at 20C for one month and measured after this period. Toanalyze the effect of freezing serum on fluorescence emission, several samples from healthyvolunteers were measured before and after freezing for one month and it was evidenced that theemission of serum was not altered. All specimens were diluted with PBS (Phosphate BufferedSaline) using a ratio of 1:20 to measure the emission in the range of absorption less than 0.1 atthe excitation wavelength which allowed measuring the fluorescence in the region where there isthe linear relationship between fluorescence and concentration. For calibrating the instruments

we used several standards: rhodamine B, [Ru (bpy) 3]2 + in ETOH: MeOH (4:1) solution and acomposite of normal serum solutions from several volunteers.

Measurement Procedure

For each specimen and solvent, the fluorescence spectra were ran using a SPEXspectrofluorometer (sensitivity 4000 nM, double grating spectrophotometer). The light sourcewas a 125 w xeron lamp. The devise had two double-grating monochromators, one forexcitation and another for emission. The emitted photons were measured with a Hamamatsu R928 photomultiplier tube units counts per second, cps. Test solutions were placed in quartz cellsand the measurements were obtained with a 90 angle between the beam of excitation and the

emission light path. Excitation wavelength ranged from 315 nM to 340 nM and emissions werescanned from 330 nM to 600 nM. The background curves for the solvent (PBS) were measuredeach time before measurements of the diluted serum. The solvent fluorescence spectra weresubtracted from the serum fluorescence spectra to remove background effects.

Spectroscopy


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Irradiation of the samples at wavelengths from 300 nM to 340 nM gave rise to emissions in the350 nM to 600 nM region coinciding with the respective absorption and emission of NAD(P)H,along with other contributing molecules. The excitation wavelength was chosen to exclude theeffect of protein emission, with has a very intense peak in the range of 280 nM to 320 nM gavebetter resolution for NAD(P)H, the principle emitting contributor as will be shown below and

other flourophore emission in the visible range since tryptophan, which absorbs at 315 nM, doesnot have any significant absorption in the above range.Fluorescence emission curves for 40 healthy volunteers were measured to establish a normalrange only serum from fasting volunteers was used for the analysis of emission range variation,as serum from non-fasting volunteers showed significant emission from vitamins (speciallyvitamin B6) and medications on the level of serum emission in UV-visible range. Averagecurves for healthy volunteers with standards deviations (SD) were calculated for excitationwavelength of 315 nM, 325 nM and 340 nM.To find the differences between serum emission for patients with cancer and healthy volunteers,the average normal range (mean +/- 1SD) was compared with measurements of serum emissionfrom patients. The fallowing parameters were used for the comparison. The maximum intensity

of emission at 450 nM and the ratio of intensity of emission at 450 nM and the ratio of intensitiesat 450 nM and 400 nM.

ResultsData from cancer patients were grouped by types of cancer. For many cancer patients thefluorescence emission curves were different from the average normal and were characterized bya decrease level of serum emission in the 430 nM to 500 nM range.

Figure 1. Serum fluorescence emission for 40 normal subjects (mean 1SD) and for three

illustrative patients with cancer (excitation wavelength 315 nm).

Figure 1 shows the serum emission for three cancer patients (lung, pancreatic and sarcoma)compared with the average normal curve for excitation at 315 nM.

0

5 1 05

1 1 06

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average

mean+SD

mean-SD

sarcoma

pancreatic cancer

lung ca with met

e

missionintensity(cps)

wavelength (nm)


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Figure 2. Distribution of serum emission intensities at 450nm for patients with cancer andfor healthy volunteers.

Figure 2 shows the frequency distribution of the measured intensities at 450 nM (fluorescence ofNDA(P)H for 40 healthy volunteers and 150 cancer patients normalized on the total number ofcases. The fit of data for those curves was estimates using the Least Squares method for 4thorder polynomial function for data analysis and graphed with kaleidagraph software. Thefrequency curves were fitted with correlation coefficient 0.98 for serum emission from healthyvolunteers and 0.94 for serum emission from cancer patients.

The distribution in figure 2 is bimodal for cancer patients. Two peaks are found. One at 1.1 x106 and the other at 1.7x106. For the cases evaluated, breast cancer, lung cancer and leukemiatend to full into the lower intensity domain whereas those with prostate cancer give higherintensity values.

The sensitivity of the method for cancer was defined as the percentage of patients with disease,whose level of serum emission fill below the reference value (RV), which was chosen asintersection of the two frequency distributions. The percentage of patients with their level ofemission less than the reference value was 48% of all patients with cancer.We also calculated the percentage of patients with different types of cancer, whose level offluorescence serum emission was below the average normal emission. The data indicated that70% of patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia, 55% of patients with bladder, ovarian, colonand pancreatic cancer, 50% of patients with breast cancer and 34% of the prostate cancer caseshad more than a 10% decrease in the level of serum emission intensity at 450 nM.

0

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0.15

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0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

healthy volunteers

cancer patients

normalizednumberofcases

level of serum emission at 450nm (106)


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Figure 3. Ratio of the peak intensity at 450nm to valley at 400 nm for patients with cancerand for healthy volunteers.

Figure 3 shows the ratio of the emission intensity at 400nM compared to emission intensity at450 nM. For healthy volunteers ratio of 1450/1400 was in range 1.3- 1.6 for 86% of cases, forcancer patients 1450/1400 was less than 1.3 for 63% of cases.

Sources of emissionFor identifying the different peaks in the serum emission spectrum derived from healthyvolunteers and estimating the effect of different fluorescence, measurements of differentfractions of fluorescent serum biomolecules were done. It has been shown that fluorescence ofnative serum can be attribute to a variety of molecules such as tryptophan, tyrosine,phenylalanine, NADPH, pyridoxal phosphate, bilirubin, kynurinine, flavin-adenine dinucleotide(FAD). The components used in the analysis were: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reducedform, NADH) 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid, 4-pyridoxic acid, pyridoxal-5-phosphate, L-tryptophan, kynurinine, nicotinamide and nicotinic acid (Sigma, Co.).

-2

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cancer patients

healthy volunteers

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I450

/I400


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Figure 4. The illustration of fluorescent emission for several fractions of serum.

As shown in Figure 4, the emission curves for the different fractions occurred at variouswavelengths over the spectra region of native serum. The estimation of the contribution ofseveral components in serum emission was done by comparing the literature values for serumconcentrations of pyridoxal-5-phosphate (17+/- 7ng/dl), nicotinamide (340 nM), nicotinic acid(80 nM), kynurinine (


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Figure 5. Comparison of the serum emission fractions with the most significantcontribution and calculated sum of emission from these fractions with native fluorescenceemission of serum.

As noted in figure 5, the calculated emission curve is in agreement with the native fluorescencecurve (average normal on graphs) and hence, it may be described by emission of proteins andNADH in the 300-600 nM range.

Correlations between Level of Serum Emission at 450 nM and laboratory values of cancer patients

For cancer patients, there were several laboratory measurements made on the same blood samplethat was used for fluorescence emission data. These included: Complete Blood Count (CBC)hormone T3, anti-candida antibodies in blood (IgG,IgM,IgA) hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV,

glutathione in Red Blood Cell (RBC), Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) and Prostate SpecificAntigen (PSA)We examine the data for possible correlations between these laboratory data and serum emission.For the collective data from cancer patients there were significant correlations between level ofserum emission and level of glutathione in RBC (R=-0.63,p


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Figure 6. Correlation between level of serum emission at 450nm and level of anti-Candidaantibody IgG in serum.

Figure 7. Correlation between level of serum emission and level of glutathione in RBCs.

Correlation between decrease level of emission and tumor marker CEA showed that for allcancer patients with a level of CEA greater than 10ng/ml, the level of serum emission (emissionof NADPH) was lower than average normal value by more than 20%. For several groups ofcancer patients there were also additional correlation of serum emission with values of RBC.Comparison of the Red Cell Count, level of hemoglobin and hematocrit showed a correlationwith level of serum emission for patients of cancer of the breast, pancreas, liver and colon. Forthis group of patients, there was a higher number of cases showing an abnormal blood cell count.

0

10

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IgG(units/m

l)

intensity of emission (106)

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0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

GSH

intensity of serum emission


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Clinical tests for patients with prostate, lymphoma, lung and ovarian cancer showed a changedserum emission level and normal blood cell count levels. Correlations between Red Bloodcount, level of hemoglobin and level of serum emission at 450 nM for cancer patients arepresented in figure 8 and 9.

Figure 8. Correlation of the level of serum emission with red blood cells count for patientswith breast cancer, liver cancer, cancer pancreas and colon cancer.

Figure 9. Correlation of the level of serum emission with level of hemoglobin in RBC forpatients with breast cancer, liver cancer, cancer pancreas and colon cancer.

3

3.5

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4.5

5

5.5

0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

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unt(M/mm

3)

intensity of serum emission (106

cps)

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intensity of serum emission (106)


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We also compared the level of serum emission at 450 nM with the level of serum emission ofcoenzyme Q10 in serum. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a very important component of themitochondrial energy system. The function of CoQ10 is ultimately linked to the generation ofenergy of the cell. The reversible oxidation and reduction of Q10 is the basis for its function asa carrier of electrons between flavoproteins and cytochromes. Coenzyme Q10 is essential for

ATP bioenergetics. In comparison with other respiratory carriers in the inner mitochondrialmembrane, the content of CoQ10 exceeds them by tenfold. Deficiencies in CoQ10 areimplicated in heart disease, infection, cancer and Aids. The low levels of bioenergetics may bedue to exhaustion of the coenzyme Q10 stored.

We analyzed the level of Coenzyme Q10 and the level of NADPH in serum to compare thebioenergetic role of these biomolecules. There was a correlation of the decreased level of serumemission (level of NADPH) with decreased level of Coenzyme Q10 (R=0.44, p


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The main fraction of NADPH in serum is due to leakage from cells; all these observed effectsmay be the reason for a decreased level of serum emission at 450 nM. In our measurementsserum fluorescence intensity at 450 nM (NAD(P)H emission was lower for cancer patients thanthe intensity of emission at the same wavelength for healthy volunteers.

As the result of our analysis a correlation was found between levels of GSH and serum levels ofNAD(P)H . We propose that the decrease level of energy metabolism may be due in the earlyphase to oxidative stress and damage of cells in particular red blood cells by reactive oxygenmetabolites. Peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids makes membranes more hydrophilic andalters its structure, thus altering normal membrane function (by disrupting receptors and/ormembrane bound enzymes). Also further oxidation of iron in hemoglobin may result in theformation of methemoglobin a molecule incapable of transporting oxygen. Increase level ofmethemoglobin and decrease in the level of oxygen delivered to cells cause a decrease in thelevel of energy metabolism and fatigue in cancer patients. Moreover, a damaged mitochondrialmembrane may be incapable of oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells shifting energymetabolism to glycolisis alone.

Correlation of the level of NAD(P)H in serum with tumor marker CEA indicates that the levelof energy metabolism decreases during the development of disease. Also correlation of the GSHlevel with the level of NAD(P)H shows that depletion of NAD(P)H may be caused by conditionsof increased demand for reducing gluthathione. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is one of theimportant components of our immune defense system. Many radicals and non-radical reactionsin cells lead to oxidation of glutathione. The regenerations reaction is catalyzed by GSSGreductase and uses NAD(P)H as reducing equivalent.

Cancer patients claim that fatigue is the most debilitating side effect of cancer and itsconventional treatment. This fatigue affects their ability to cope with cancer therapy. Accuratediagnosis of the fatigue and anemia may be important for the proper overall treatment of cancerpatients. This fatigue like pain and discomfort is not easy to measure, this method presentedherein may be useful for measuring this parameter in cancer patients.

Conclusions

A change in energy metabolism is commonly observed in many diseases. Measurement of thelevel of NAD(P)H and the level of energy metabolism for cancer patients is important because itallows the measure of fatigue levels. Fatigue due to oxidative stress and anemia leads to adecrease in the quality of life. This decrease level oxygen carrying capacity of RBCs may leadto increased tumor angiogenesis and decrease survival. This method reported herein mayestimate the level of energy metabolism by measuring the fluorescence of reduced nicotinamideadenine dinucleotide. Our analysis demonstrates lower energy serum emission in cancer patients.


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References

1. Schawertner H and Hawthorne SB. Albumin-bound fluorescence in serum of patients with chronicrenal failure. Clin Chem 1980; 26: 649-652.

2. Warner M, Callis J, Davidson ER and Christian GD. Multicomponent analysis in clinical chemistry

by use of rapid scanning fluorescence spectroscopy. Clin Chem 1976; 22:1483-1492.3. Mabuchi H and Nakashi H. Liquid-chromatographic profiling of endogenous fluorescence substancein Sera and Urine of uremic and normal subjects. Clin Chem 1983; 29:674-677.

4. Leiner MJP, Schaur RJ, Desoye G and Wolfbeis OS. Fluorescence topography in biology. III:Characteristic deviations of tryptophan fluorescence in sera of patients with gynecologicals tumors. ClinChem 1986;32:1974-8.

5. Leiner M, Wolfbeis OS, Schaur RJ and Tillian HM. Fluorescence topography in biology: visiblefluorescence parameters of sera and cluster analysis of fluorescence parameters of sera of Yoshida asciteshepatoma-bearing rats. IRCS Med Sci 1987: 841-842.

6. Yang Y, Katz A, Celmer EJ, Zurawska-Szczepaniak M and Alfano RR. Fundamental differences ofexcitation spectrum between malignant and beningn breast tissues. Photochem Photobiol 1997; 66: 518-522.

7. Papadopoulus AJ, Zhadin NN, Steinberg ML and Alfano RR. Fluorescence spectroscopy of normal,SV40-transformed human keratino-cytes and carcinoma cells. Cancer Biochem Biophys 1999; 17:13-23.8. Yang Y, Tang GC, Bessler M and Alfaro RR. Fluorescence spectroscopy as photonic pathologymethod for detecting colon cancer. Life Sci, 1995;6: 259-276.

9. Gillenwater A, Jacob R, Ganeshappa R, Kemp B, El-Naggar AR, Palmer JL, Clayman G, MitchellMF and Richard-Hortum R. Non-invasive diagnosis of oral neoplasia based on fluorescence spectroscopyand native tissue autoflorescence. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998; 124:1251-1258.

10. Ganesan S, Sacks PG, Yang Y, Katz A, Al-Rawi M, Sauge HB, Schantz SP and Alfaro RR. Nativefluorescence spectroscopy of normal and malignant epithelial cells. Cancer Biochem Biophys 1998; 16:365-373.

11. Hubmann M, Leiner MJP and Shaur RJ. Ultraviolet fluorescence of human sera: sources ofcharacteristic differences in the ultraviolet fluorescence spectra from normal and cancer-bearing humans.

Clin Chem 1990; 36:1880-1883.12. Topics in fluorescence Spectroscopy. Volume 3 Biochemical Applications. Edited by JR Lakowicz.Plenum Press, 1992.

13. Wolfbeis OS and Leiner M. Mapping of the total fluorescence of the human blood serum as a newmethod for its characterization. Analytica Chemica Acta 1985;167:203-215.

14. Bernofsky C. Physiology aspects of pyridine nucleotide regulation in mammals. Mol Cell Biochem,1980; 33: 135-143.

15. Percarmona GP, Bracone A, David O and Dartori ML. Regulation of NAD and NADH synthesis inhuman red cells. Acta Biol Med Ger 1977; 36: 759-763

16. Zerez CR and Tanaka KR. Impaired nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthesis in pyruvate kinase-deficient human erythrocytes. Blood 1987:69: 999-1005.

17. Canestrari F, Galli F, Giorgini A, Albertini MC, Galiotta P, Pascucci M and Bosse M. Erythrocyte

redox state in uremic anemia: effect of hemodialysis and revelance of glutathione metabolism. ActaHaematol 1994; 91; 187-93.18. Tocchi V, Canestrari F, Giacchi R, Sebastiani M, Lungarotti F and Dacha U. Adenine and pyridinenucleotides in the red blood cells of subjects with solid tumors. Tumori 1997; 73;25-28.

19. Orrenius S. Mechanism of oxidative cell damage. In: G Poli, E Albano and MU Dianzani. FreeRadicals from Basic Sciences Medicine. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland 1993; 47-64.


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La Tierra PrometidaDra. Mayra Rodrguez Giovannelli

[email protected]

Una vez ms el universo me devuelve al punto de partida, al espacio vaco que lo contiene

todo. Las montaas se han vestido de gala para celebrar la libertad, mientras que en ladistancia se yergue con inmensa imponencia el Monte Sina, escenario escogido por elCreador para presentarnos el drama titulado xodo.

xodo renunciacin de la esclavitud, aceptacin de la libertad y con esta libertad, lapesada responsabilidad de salir de los espacios cmodos creados por nuestra falsaidentificacin.

La mentalidad de vctima nos obliga a continuar viviendo en la esclavitud, incapaces de verquines somos realmente, de experimentar nuestra grandeza y de que somos UNO con elCreador.

Dicen los sabios cabalistas que el Ser Humano tiene tres niveles de energa:

1- Neshama, el nivel ms alto, el del alma.2- Ruach-el nivel central, que es el del espritu3- Nefesh, el nivel mas bajo o el del cuerpo fsico

De acuerdo al Kybalion, la Ley de Correspondencia dice: Como es arriba, es abajo, comoes abajo es arriba. En otras palabras, existe siempre una correspondencia entre las leyes yfenmenos que se producen en los varios planos de vida.

Los antiguos hermticos consideraban que este principio era uno de los instrumentosmentales ms importantes posedos por el ser humano para remover los obstculos de suvida.

El conocimiento encerrado en la Ley de Correspondencia ayuda a que el hombre sea capazde comprender que el plano de la fisicalidad es slo uno de los tantos universos que existeny que es posible movernos de la forma a la no forma, de lo visible a lo invisible, de loconocido a lo desconocido con suma facilidad. Cuando nos refugiamos en los niveles deConciencia ms elevados, rompiendo con las cadenas del ego y las falsas limitaciones,tendremos la dicha de regresar a la Tierra Prometida.

Referencia:Kybalion-estudio de la filosofa Hermtica delAntiguo Egipto y Grecia. Libro que contiene laesencia de las enseanzas de Hermes Trisrmesgistus,el Tres Veces Grande. Estos escritos fueronpublicados annimamente por un grupo o personasbajo el pseudnimo de Los tres Iniciados.


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The Promised LandDr. Mayra Rodriguez Giovannelli

[email protected]

Once again the universe takes me back to the starting point, to the empty space that containseverything. The mountains are enveloped in a veil of festivity, as nature begins to celebratefreedom.

At a distance, Mount Sinai, the stage chosen by the Creator to bring us the drama called Exodus,stands tall, emanating its great force.

Exodusrenutiation to slavery, acceptance of freedom, and with that acceptance of freedom thetedious responsibility of having to move from a space of comfort, created by our false identificationwith the Ego, to a space of Light . But we continue to take refuge in the victim mentality and thus,we continue to live in slavery, incapable of realizing who we truly are, of seeing our greatness, thatwe are one with the Creator.

The sages of Kabbalah affirm that the Human Being has three levels of Energy:

1- Neshama, which is the highest level, or the level of the Soul2- Ruach-this is the central level, which is the level of the Spirit3- Nefesh, the lowest level is the level of the physical body.

According to the Kybalion, the Law of Correspondence postulates: As above, so below; as belowso above. In other words, there is always a correspondence between the laws and phenomena thatoccur in the various planes of life.

The hermetists considered this as one of the most important mental instruments by which men could

remove obstacles in life and access more profound and subtle energetic levels.

This principle helps man to understand that the physical realm is one of the many universes thatexist; that it is not only possible but also easy to move from the form o the formless, from thevisible to the invisible, from the known to the unknown. When we make the highest levels ourabode, we will be capable of breaking the shackles of the Ego, of the false limitations and return tothe Promised Land.

Reference: Kybalion-body of knowledge of the Hermetic Philosophy of Ancient Egypt and Greece.It contains the essence of the teachings of Hermes Trisrmesgistus, the Thrice Times Great. TheKybalion was published anonymously by a group or person under the pseudonym of "the Three

Initiates".


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despreocuparte del futuro. Aceptar los cambios de la vida. Dejar atrs el pasado y dejarpasar los sentimientos y pensamientos an intermitentes. Los acepto y permito que semarchen. DECIDIRser capaz de amar, perdonar. Mi conciencia se eleva y respondemucho mejor al futuro. Centro la mente. DECIDIR fluir liberar, vivir.DECIDIRcalmar la mentePAZ.

Es en el MOMENTO que decido y empiezo aaceptar que el universo est en constantemovimiento y soy parte de EL, que recibo la energavital para vivir en balance y armona. Profundizar enel ser interior y nuestra naturaleza, y a su vezconectarse con el mundo. Es el MOMENTO dedecidir fluir en la vidael flow. El MOMENTOde ponerse las champions (las tenis), aunquequizs con los gabetes sueltos de cuando en vez.Levantarse firme, respirar hondo y dar un giroradical para una nueva vida, un nuevo comienzo.

Hay que caminar. (.se hace camino al andar).

Consejo: busca la caja de herramientas. Entretantas herramientas no pueden faltar las bsicas -que ya estn adheridas a mi piel:

*Actitud positiva.*Fe inquebrantable.*Apoyo de los familiares cercanos y amigos incondicionales.*Sentido del humor.

Y las ms que utilizo y que han sido clave y de gran beneficio- entre otras:

*Recibir Reiki (o autoaplicarse en el caso de estar iniciado) -para nivelar los centros deenerga, dirigindola a los chakras, logrando nivelar la mente, cuerpo y espritu.

*Practicar la meditacin- que nos capacita para entender y movernos hacia donde transcurreel flujo natural. No nadar contra la corriente. Ejemplo: La tcnica de meditacin zenllamada Kin-Hin- paseando pausadamente en un lugar tranquilo, al aire libre, creandoconciencia sobre la relacin mente-cuerpo. Concentrndose simultneamente en todas laspartes del cuerpo, percibiendo qu se siente y dejar entonces el pensamiento libre. (Esta meencanta libertad !).

*Afirmaciones y visualizaciones-piensa, siente, vive y vibra en positivoeso atraers.

En fin, para cada comienzo existe un final, y para cada final un comienzo.Escalar la montaay A rer!!!!


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Seccin de Nios y Jvenes

Dra. Mayra Rodrguez [email protected]

Nios con cncer y el regreso a la Escuela

El regreso a la escuela evoca en muchos nios un arco iris de emociones: en algunos miedo, perezay en otros jbilo y emocin. Sin embargo, hay chicos muy especiales que le hacen frente no slo alas emociones del regreso a la escuela, sino tambin a una enfermedad llamada cncer.

Segn los expertos, el tratamiento y manejo del cncer en la niez puede afectar el proceso

educativo del pequeo y a veces interrumpirlo. El cncer es un problema de salud pblica que leroba el sueo y la esperanza a nuestros nios.

Por eso, cuando se acerca el regreso a la escuela, muchos padres sienten aprensin, ya que temenque el ambiente escolar pueda ser cruel y peligroso para el nio que batalla contra la enfermedaddebido a que est expuestos a las infecciones, al cansancio extremo, a la falta de compasin yentendimiento por parte de sus compaeritos, a la depresin y al estrs.

Los adultos tienen la responsabilidad de crear un plan de accin que sea proactivo y que integre atodos, no slo a los familiares sino, adems, a los maestros, enfermeras de la escuela, consejeros,psiclogos o psiquiatra, hermanos y amigos del nio. Uno de los factores ms importantes es lacomunicacin: explicarle a las personas cul es la condicin del estudiante, los tratamientos al que

estar expuesto y sus consecuencias. Hay que crear un plan de accin para anticipar lo que puedasuceder, pero sin generar pnico.

Un nio que padece de cncer puede confrontar prdida o aumento de peso, cada de cabello odolor. La quimioterapia causa, entre otras cosas, cansancio, presin baja y fatiga, lo que puedecontribuir a que el sistema inmunolgico se debilite, exponiendo al pequeo paciente a infecciones.

Adems, pueden surgir algunos de los problemas de aprendizaje como consecuencia del tratamientocontra el cncer, entre otros:

Problemas de concentracin, falta de atencin Dificultad en recordar informacin visual Dificultad en escribir rpidamente Dificultad en aprender o retener nueva informacin Problemas con la lectura Dificultad con las matemticas, grficas, etc. Dificultad organizando y planificando Incapacidad para copiar informacin escrita en la pizarra


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Parece sumamente injusto que un angelito que tenga cncer deba enfrentar innumerablesobstculos en su regreso a la escuela. Sin embargo, en la medida en que se le ofrezcansoluciones viables, ser l mismo el que luche para integrarse, sintindose nico, especial ycreativo.

Muchos tipos de cncer en los chicos son difciles de reconocer o ser diagnosticados, por eso

los padres y los adultos deben educarse sobre algunos de los sntomas que se manifiestan, entrelos que se encuentran:

Palidez y cansancio extremo Estreimiento continuo Fiebre continua Aparicin de masas e hinchazones en el cuerpo Dolores continuos y persistentes Vmitos Prdida de peso rpida y excesiva Problemas con la vista

Tendencia a moretones Frecuentes dolores de cabeza Falta de apetito

Y recuerde que para que su nio tenga el poder de estar en control absoluto de su salud debe tomaren cuenta las siguientes sugerencias:

Es importantsimo que su pequeo est al da con su revisin mdica Hacer ejercicios tales como Hatha Yoga y Qigong, pues son ejercicios que trabajan al nio

holsticamente Concientizar al nio de la importancia de la alimentacin Las disciplinas de manejo de energa son sumamente importantes para la prevencin de las

enfermedades, pues trabajan la anatoma energtica y tienen un efecto directo sobre elcuerpo fsico, mente y alma.

Tener precaucin con la exposicin a las radiaciones ultravioletas del sol y a las emisionesde los celulares, computadoras y juegos electrnicos.

Haga que su nio se ponga en contacto con la naturaleza Ensearle a controlar y reducir los niveles de estrs

Para los nios con cncer, que son los verdaderos hroes de nuestra sociedad, es importanteque sigan sus tratamientos mdicos convencionales mientras los padres auscultanprotocolos de Medicina Integrada que los ayuden a manejar el dolor y el sufrimiento

causado por la enfermedad, garantizndole un feliz regreso a la escuela y una mejor calidadde vida.

La Fundacin Candlelighters Cancer Childhood ofrece publicaciones libres de costo que

han sido escritas por padres, educadores y mdicos, las cuales orientan a las familias de los

nios con cncer. En Puerto Rico hay varias fundaciones que ayudan a los nios con cncer.

Derechos reservados


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Reiki para Nios en el Ambiente DentalCristina M. Abreu, D.M.DMaestra de Usui/Tibetan Reiki, Practicante de Karuna Reiki

[email protected]

Hoy en da la medicina, al igual que la odontologa, se est moviendo ms y ms hacia unmodelo bioenergtico de salud, haciendo posible que el diagnstico y tratamiento desntomas y enfermedades estn ms all de lo fsico. Poco a poco, estamos comenzando aentender a travs de observacin y experimentos los aspectos energticos del arte de sanar.La investigacin cientfica en el rea de sobre-imposicin de manos ha sido conducida pormucho tiempo y, actualmente, hay varios experimentos que validan el uso del Reiki y otrastcnicas de sanacin.

Con respecto al Reiki en el rea mdica, se ha probado que puede acelerar la sanacin deheridas, disminuir la presin sangunea, reducir el estrs y ayudar en el manejo del dolor.Sin embargo, en el rea dental, auque hay evidencia del uso del Reiki en oficinas dentales,no existe literatura cientfica al respecto.

Segn el Dr. Philip Chan, mdico y maestro de Reiki, una de las maneras ms aceptables dedescribir el Reiki es como un sistema bioenergtico para el alivio de estrs (1).Por tal motivo, como dentista peditrica y sanadora energtica me hice la siguientepregunta: Cmo puedo validar el uso del Reiki en el ambiente dental? Si uno de losbeneficios del Reiki es la reduccin de estrs y ansiedad, ser que lo puedo aplicar para elmanejo de comportamiento de mis pacientes peditricos?

Para contestarme la pregunta, desarroll junto con el dentista Frederick More, en la EscuelaDental de la Universidad de Nueva York, un estudio piloto con el propsito de ver si elReiki puede ser aplicado en al ambiente dental para ayudar a los nios a ser pacientescooperadores.

No abundar en la metodologa de la investigacin ya que me alejara de la temtica de esteartculo. Empero para mencionar una pizca de manera que tengan una idea, escogimosnios fsicamente saludables entre las edades 6 a 12 aos. La tarea de reclutamiento depacientes para la investigacin ha sido un poco cuesta arriba por la dificultad de muchospadres de poder entender y tomar en sus manos el concepto de Reiki o sanacinenergtica.

Actualmente, los nios que han recibido la terapia, sin importar el nivel de ansiedad quepresentan, han aceptado de manera positiva la terapia del Reiki antes del procedimientodental y, al igual que sus padres, recomiendan a otros nios recibir la misma.


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Los nios que presentan bajo nivel de ansiedad afirman que la sesin de Reiki no beneficiel resultado del tratamiento dental en trminos de si se sintieron ms relajados o no duranteel procedimiento dental. Sin embargo, los que presentan alto nivel de ansiedad afirman quela terapia del Reiki antes del procedimiento dental s benefici el resultado del tratamientodental, pues aseguran haberse sentido ms relajados durante el procedimiento dental.

Por otro lado, hay un tercer grupo de nios que simplemente su nivel de ansiedad, miedo,nerviosismo, fobia hacia el dentista o tratamiento dental es tan alta que el Reiki no hizobeneficio alguno (sabemos que siempre hay un beneficio y la energa es sabia y va al lugardonde se necesite).

Comentarios de los nios, tales como- Me siento en Paz. Me siento calmado, Esto sesinti bien, Me gusta, La recomiendo para los nios que le tienen miedo al dentista,Me gusta este tratamiento de Reiki. Gracias- verdaderamente, valen ms que cualquierotro resultado o validacin de la investigacin en progreso.En fin, slo se trata de abrir caminos hacia la LUZ!

Referencias:1. Philip Chan, MD Reiki and the Conventional Health Care Provider Recommendationsand Potholes. Reiki News Articles- the International Center for Reiki Training.www.reiki.org/reikinews/reikin10.html


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Enseando a los Nios Buenos Hbitos de Alimentacin

Lcda. Alexandra Reyes Rivera, RD, [email protected]

Comer bien y de forma saludable es una conducta aprendida y no algo que se danaturalmente (Davis, Robbins & McKay, 1995 en Bauer & Sokolik, 2002). De manera quelos nios aprenden a comer en casa y esos hbitos permanecen con ellos a lo largo de suvida.

El aumento en el uso de las comidas congeladas o de conveniencia y el consumo dealimentos de restaurantes de comida rpida ha provocado que cada vez se confeccionen enlos hogares menos recetas utilizando alimentos frescos. Por otro lado, los padres estnconscientes que los nios constantemente son bombardeados por los medios con anunciosque mercadean estos alimentos, por lo que pueden sentir cierta frustracin a la hora deensearles a sus hijos buenos hbitos de alimentacin. Sin embargo, existen varias

alternativas simples que pueden proveer lo necesario para ayudar a ensear a los nioshbitos alimentarios ms saludables.

Sea un buen modelo. Los padres frecuentemente le dicen a sus nios que comansaludable pero no siguen su propio consejo. Asegrese de ser un buen ejemplo parasu familia. Comer saludable es un estilo de vida que debe comenzarse en una edadtemprana.

Trate alimentos nuevos. Establezca la meta de incluir un alimento o receta nuevacada semana. As descubrir nuevos alimentos para incorporar en el men de lafamilia. Para facilitar el consumo de frutas, srvalas en tamaos pequeos

acompaados de yogur.

Sea flexible. La moderacin es la clave. Una galleta al da puede formar parte deuna dieta balanceada si se incorporan otros alimentos saludables. Incluir este tipode alimentos una vez a la semana o una vez al da no har ningn dao. Alcontrario, ayudar a que el nio disfrute la experiencia de comer y construya unabuena relacin con la comida.


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