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 The present city occupies the plan

decided on by Hadrian in 135, when he changed its

name to Colonia Aelia Capitolina. Some investigations

undertaen in the locality called !olgotha orCalvary and on the hill o" #ion have revealed remains

prior to the $th c., when the construction o" 

di%erent sanctuaries began. &n the occasion o" restorations

at the Holy Sepulchre a small cave was discovered

on the ' side o" !olgotha, which ancient

documents put in relation with the veneration o" 

Adam already "rom the (rst centuries. )n e*cavations

in "ront o" this cave there has been con(rmation

o" the report o" the sources concerning Hadrian+s

con(scation o" the area in order to substitute

pagan myths "or Christian worship pagan ob-ects

have been recovered, among them a small altar

/agatti 0 Testa, )l !olgota, 350$2. &n #ion, the traditional

tomb o" 4avid had a second story6 thans

to a small survey, it has been veri(ed that it was built

in the Constantinian era on the remains o" a 1st0c.

building. The arrangement on two levels calls to

mind the two separated areas o" 74ura 'uropos one

"or the recitation o" ritual prayers and baptism, the

other "or the eucharistic meal /agatti, Alle origini

della Chiesa. ), 18$01892. &" the buildings built in the

Constantinian era, the most imposing was that built

over the tomb o" Christ. :rom the comple*, which

stretched "rom the Cardo ;a*imus o" the city to the

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tomb o" Christ and which included a basilica o" (ve

aisles, a portico which enclosed Calvary and the rotunda

o" the Anastasis, there remains part o" the

latter with a narthe* to the ' and three apses to the', S, and < e*tending "rom the perimeter, which

was polygonal in shape outside and circular inside.

 The building enclosed the Tomb o" the =ord, today

almost invisible, and was well lit by large windows

arched at the top. Today there remains a stretch o" 

wall reused in the Constantinian edi(ces, which

"rom the cardo allowed access to the basilica o" the

martyrium, visible only in a small "ragment o" the

apse Corbo, )l Santo Sepolcro2.