atencion prenatal obstetricia
TRANSCRIPT
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A T E N C I Ó N P R E N A T A LO B S T E T R I C I A
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I N T R O D U C C I Ó N
• La atención prenatal tiene como principales propósitos
la prevención de las complicaciones maternas durante
el curso del embarazo o el diagnostico oportuno y
atención adecuada de las mismas.
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E P I D E M I O L O G I A
T A S A D E M O R T A L I D A D
M A T E R N A : 8 5 M U E R T E S /
1 0 0 . 0 0 0 N I Ñ O S N A C I D O S V I V O S
( 2 0 0 8 ) 5 A 1 0 V E C E S S U P E R I O R
A L A S T A S A S D E PA I S E S
D E S A R R O L L A D O S C O M O
C A N A D A O E S T A D O S U N I D O S
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O B J E T I V O S
• Identificar oportunamente
el embarazo de alto riesgo
• fomentar, proteger y
recuperar la salud
maternofetal
• Disminuir las tasas de
morbimortalidad materna y
perinatal
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V I G I L A N C I A
P R E N A T A L
E F I C I E N T E
• precoz o temprana
• periodica o continua
• completa o integral
• extensa o de amplia
cobertura
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I D E N T I F I C A C I O N
FACTORES RIESGO OBSTETRICO
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B A J O R I E S G O
• Ausencia de los factores o
condiciones para riesgo
intermedio y alto
• Estatura menor de 150 cm
• Escolaridad primaria o
menos Antecedente de:
• Intervalo intergenesico < 2
anos " Una cesarea o
aborto
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R I E S G O
I N T E R M E D I O
• Edad <20 y >34
• Tabaquismo cronico
• IVU
• Hemorragia transvaginal
(1er trimestre)
• AGO (4 embarazos,
prematuros o bajo peso,
muerte fetal, >2 cesareas)
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A L T O R I E S G O
• Hipertension arterial
• Diabetes mellitus
• Cardiopatia
• Nefropatia
• Rh negativo con Coombs
• indirecto positivo
• Otra enfermedad cronica sistemica grave
• Hemorragia transvaginal
• Antecedente de: (Dos o mas abortos,
Preeclampsia–eclampsia, Malformaciones
congenitas)
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D X , P R E V E N C I O N Y E D U C A C I O N
VIGILANCIA DEL EMBARAZO
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N U T R I C I Ó N
• 300 KCAL adicionales:
60% carbohidratos, 25%
lipidos y 15% proteina
(OMS)
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T A B A C O , A L C O H O L
Y D R O G A S
• Restriccion crecimiento
intrauterino
• enfatizar en el daño que
ocaciona
• Sx alcoholico fetal
• Retraso mental
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M E D I C A M E N T O
S
• La FDA los clasifica en
categorías de acuerdo con
el riesgo de daño fetal
• las mas usados son:
amoxicilina, nitrofurantoina,
metronidazol oral,
eritromicina, acetaminofen,
cefalexina, conazoles
topicos y azitromicina
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V I A J E S
• El Colegio Americano De
Ginecoobstetras
recomienda es el 2do
trimestre
• viajes con duración mayor
a 6h
• aspirina
• evitar sobredistension
vesical
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V A C U N A S
• Recomendaciones si son
necesarias
• Toxoide
• Tifoidea
• Influenza
• Polio
• Hep. B
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L A B O R A T O R I
O Y G A B I N E T E
• Grupo sanguineo, Factor
Rh
• BH (repite)
• EGO
• Química sanguínea (repite)
• VDRL y VIH
• Ultrasonido obstetrico
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- C A D A M E S D E S D E L A P R I M E R A O C A S I Ó N H A S T A L A
S E M A N A 3 1
- C A D A 1 5 D I A S D E S D E L A 3 1 H A S T A L A 3 6
- Y C A D A S E M A N A D E A H I A L N A C I M I E N T O
CONSULTAS SUBSECUENTES
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R E G I S T R O D E L A I N F O R M A C I Ó N
Evaluación en consulta medica
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