2 un líder para todos -...

8
Number of Words: 1572 LESSON 2 TEACHER’S GUIDE Un líder para todos by Stephanie Sigue Fountas-Pinnell Level T Biography Selection Summary Lyndon B. Johnson was the 36th president of the United States. His presidency brought about many changes to the U.S. His vision for a “Great Society” still lives in many government programs today. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32219-3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Characteristics of the Text Genre • Biography Text Structure • Third-person continuous narrative; nine chapters with headings Content • Political rise and presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson • Signing a bill into law • The 1960s, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Great Society • Appointment of African American Thurgood Marshall to Supreme Court in 1967 Themes and Ideas • All individuals deserve equal rights. • The 1960s as a time of unrest • People can work together to bring about change. • Events in history shape events in the present day. Language and Literary Features • Narrative humanizes Lyndon B. Johnson as a compassionate individual and legendary leader. • Figurative language: el “Trato” al estilo Johnson Inference: Después de todo, era sureño. Sentence Complexity • A mixture of complex and short sentence patterns • Multiple items in series • Quotation marks Vocabulary • Words that require context for comprehension, such as discriminación • Words related to government and politics: proyecto de ley, campaña, Senado, Cámara de Representantes Words • Many multisyllable words: segregación, políticas, oportunidad, nombramiento • Words with suffixes: igualdad Illustrations • Photographs with captions help reader visualize information Book and Print Features • Twelve pages of text, photographs on most pages • Table of contents, timeline of key events in Lyndon B. Johnson’s life © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Upload: lytuong

Post on 11-Oct-2018

215 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Number of Words: 1572

L E S S O N 2 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E

Un líder para todosby Stephanie Sigue

Fountas-Pinnell Level TBiographySelection SummaryLyndon B. Johnson was the 36th president of the United States. His presidency brought about many changes to the U.S. His vision for a “Great Society” still lives in many government programs today.

Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32219-3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09

If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited.

Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

Characteristics of the Text Genre • Biography

Text Structure • Third-person continuous narrative; nine chapters with headingsContent • Political rise and presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson

• Signing a bill into law• The 1960s, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Great Society• Appointment of African American Thurgood Marshall to Supreme Court in 1967

Themes and Ideas • All individuals deserve equal rights.• The 1960s as a time of unrest• People can work together to bring about change.• Events in history shape events in the present day.

Language and Literary Features

• Narrative humanizes Lyndon B. Johnson as a compassionate individual and legendary leader.

• Figurative language: el “Trato” al estilo Johnson• Inference: Después de todo, era sureño.

Sentence Complexity • A mixture of complex and short sentence patterns• Multiple items in series• Quotation marks

Vocabulary • Words that require context for comprehension, such as discriminación• Words related to government and politics: proyecto de ley, campaña, Senado, Cámara de

RepresentantesWords • Many multisyllable words: segregación, políticas, oportunidad, nombramiento

• Words with suffi xes: igualdadIllustrations • Photographs with captions help reader visualize information

Book and Print Features • Twelve pages of text, photographs on most pages• Table of contents, timeline of key events in Lyndon B. Johnson’s life

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 1 1/22/10 5:02:45 AM

Expand Your Vocabulary

activista – una persona que persigue un fi n político con vigor y, a veces, agresivamente, p. 3

actos – cosas que alguien hace, p. 5

candidatura – propuesta para nombrar a una persona a un cargo, p. 8

discriminación – prejuicio o conducta injusta hacia otros que se basa en las diferencias, p. 4

Senado – el cuerpo de funcionarios nombrados para hacer leyes, p. 6

Un líder para todos by Stephanie Sigue

Build BackgroundHelp students use their knowledge of government and the presidency to build interest. Ask a question such as the following: ¿De qué manera el presidente tiene el poder de formar una sociedad justa? Read the title and author and talk about the photograph on the cover. Note the chapter heads. Tell students that this is a biography about Lyndon B. Johnson, who was the thirty-sixth President of the United States. Ask students what they might expect to fi nd in a biography of a U.S. President.

Introduce the TextGuide students through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions:

Page 3: Have students look at the photograph and read the caption.Suggested language: Then read the second sentence in the second paragraph: Después de todo, era sureño. Explain that the author fi nds it notable that the President, a Texan by birth, was the fi rst to sign the landmark civil rights bill. Ask: Teniendo en cuenta su nombre, ¿qué tipos de actos creen que prohibía la Ley de Derechos Civiles de 1964?

Page 4: Read aloud the second sentence of the second paragraph. Explain that President Johnson worked throughout his career to end the discriminación felt by many people throughout the U.S. Ask: ¿De qué maneras las personas pueden sentirse discriminadas?

Page 8: Have students look at the picture on page 8 and read the chapter title (La campaña de 1960). As John F. Kennedy’s candidato a la vicepresidencia in the 1960 election, Johnson helped Kennedy gain votes from Southern states. Ask: ¿Qué trabajo debe hacer el candidato a la vicepresidencia cuando triunfa la campaña presidencial?

Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo de la biografía para descubrir cómo Lyndon B. Johnson se convirtió en el “presidente para todo el pueblo”.

2Grade 4© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 2: Un líder para todos

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 2 1/22/10 5:02:46 AM

ReadHave students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed.

Remind students to use the Monitor/Clarify Strategy and to think of how they can ask questions about or reread any text they might not understand in order to clarify their understanding.

Discuss and Revisit the TextPersonal ResponseInvite students to share their personal responses to the book. Suggested language: ¿Por qué piensan que la igualdad de derechos es tan importante? ¿Qué hizo Lyndon B. Johnson para asegurarse de que todas las personas fueran tratadas con justicia?

Ways of ThinkingAs you discuss the text, help students understand these points:

Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text

• Lyndon B. Johnson believed in equality for all.

• President Johnson was the 36th president of the United States.

• President Johnson helped bring equal treatment to all Americans.

• It is possible for one person to help bring about change.

• Every American has the right to be treated fairly.

• The photographs help the reader visualize the events and people in the book.

• The author includes dates and a time line that help the reader understand the information provided in the book.

• The chapter heads help divide the text into a sequential order.

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Choices for Further Support• Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text to read as a reader’s

theater. Remind students to pause after punctuation by taking short breaths after commas and stopping after periods and question marks.

• Comprehension Based on your observations of the students’ reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas.

• Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Explain to students that suffi xes are words parts that are added to the end of base words. Suffi xes change the meaning of a base word. Point out words with suffi xes in the text. For example, the word igualdad on page 3 has the base word igual and the suffi x -dad. Discuss the meaning of igual and how its meaning changes when the suffi x -dad is added. Have students skim the text for other examples of words with suffi xes.

3Grade 4© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 2: Un líder para todos

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 3 1/22/10 5:02:46 AM

Writing about ReadingCritical ThinkingHave students complete the Razonamiento crítico questions on Hoja reproducible 2.8.

RespondingHave students complete the activities at the back of the book, using their Cuaderno del lector. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill.

Target Comprehension SkillAuthor’s Purpose

Target Comprehension Skill Remind students that the author’s purpose is the reason

he or she wrote the text. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer using a “Think Aloud” like the one below:

Think Aloud

Lyndon B. Johnson nombró a Thurgood Marshall como el primer juez afroamericano de la Corte Suprema. Este detalle apoya el propósito de la autora de mostrar que Lyndon B. Johnson creía en la igualdad de derechos para todos.

Practice the SkillEncourage students to share their examples of another biography where the author uses text details to support his or her purpose.

Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the TextHave students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings.

Assessment Prompts• What can readers tell about Lyndon B. Johnson from reading this biography?

• The word candidatura on page 8 means

________________________________________________________________.

• One effect of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was

________________________________________________________________.

4Grade 4© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 2: Un líder para todos

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 4 1/22/10 5:02:47 AM

Razonamiento críticoLee y contesta las preguntas.

1. Piensa dentro del texto ¿Cómo se convirtió Lyndon Johnson en un

senador tan poderoso?

2. Piensa dentro del texto ¿Cómo comenzó su carrera política

Johnson?

3. Piensa más allá del texto ¿Qué opinión tiene la autora de Lyndon

Johnson? ¿Cómo lo sabes?

4. Piensa acerca del texto El título del relato es Un líder para todos.

¿Por qué es un buen título para un relato sobre Lyndon Johnson?

Hacer conexiones Lyndon Johnson era bueno para persuadir a la gente para que lo ayudara. ¿Cuáles son algunas formas en que podrías persuadir a alguien para que te ayude?

Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura.

Un líder para todosRazonamiento crítico

Razonamiento crítico© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Grado 4, Unidad 1: Tender una mano10

Lección 2H O J A S R E P R O D U C I B L E S 2 . 8

Nombre Fecha

Formaba parte de comités importantes y hablaba cara a cara con los

senadores.

Johnson comenzó en la política trabajando para un miembro del

Congreso y con el Presidente Roosevelt.

Te das cuenta de que la autora lo admira porque la selección sólo

incluye información positiva sobre él. La autora también menciona que

Lyndon Johnson pudo “ayudar a todos, no sólo a algunos”.

Un líder para todos es un buen título porque Lyndon Johnson quería

que todas las personas fueran tratadas igual. Trabajó mucho para

alcanzar esa meta durante su presidencia.

Respuestas posibles.

4_352923RTXSAN_U1_CT.indd 10 8/22/09 6:02:13 PM

15

Responder Propósito de la autora

¿Cuál fue el propósito de la autora al escribir Un líder para todos? ¿Qué detalles apoyaron este propósito? Copia y completa el siguiente cuadro.

¡A escribir!De texto a texto Lyndon Johnson es recordado como un presidente que ayudó a todos los estadounidenses. Piensa en otra persona sobre la que hayas leído que haya influido en las vidas de las personas. Escribe un párrafo narrativo en el que cuentes por qué esta persona debería ser recordada.

DetalleJohnson apoyó la Ley de Derechos Civiles.

Detalle?

Detalle?

Propósito?

4_034959_LR1_2AL_PRESIDENT_L02.i15 15 11/23/09 4:02:57 PM

5Grade 4© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 2: Un líder para todos

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 5 1/22/10 5:02:49 AM

Nombre Fecha

Un líder para todosPensar más allá del texto

Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después, escribe tu respuesta en dos o tres párrafos.

Recuerda que cuando piensas más allá del texto, usas tu conocimiento personal para comprender las cosas de un modo nuevo.

El texto explica que el presidente Johnson usó su influencia y poder para ayudar a otros. ¿Cómo logró convertirse en un fuerte defensor de los derechos civiles? ¿De qué modo su liderazgo reflejó sus propios ideales? ¿De qué modo su liderazgo reflejó la voluntad del pueblo? Explica tu respuesta con ejemplos del texto.

6© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Grade 4 Lesson 2: Un líder para todos

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 6 1/22/10 5:02:51 AM

Razonamiento críticoLee y contesta las preguntas.

1. Piensa dentro del texto ¿Cómo se convirtió Lyndon Johnson en un

senador tan poderoso?

2. Piensa dentro del texto ¿Cómo comenzó su carrera política

Johnson?

3. Piensa más allá del texto ¿Qué opinión tiene la autora de Lyndon

Johnson? ¿Cómo lo sabes?

4. Piensa acerca del texto El título del relato es Un líder para todos.

¿Por qué es un buen título para un relato sobre Lyndon Johnson?

Hacer conexiones Lyndon Johnson era bueno para persuadir a la gente para que lo ayudara. ¿Cuáles son algunas formas en que podrías persuadir a alguien para que te ayude?

Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura.

7© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Grade 4 Lesson 2: Un líder para todos

Un líder para todosRazonamiento crítico

Lección 2H O J A S R E P R O D U C I B L E S 2 . 8Nombre Fecha

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 7 1/22/10 5:02:52 AM

1416

044

Estudiante Fecha Lección 2

H O J A S R E P R O D U C I B L E S 2 . 1 1

Un líder para todos • NIVEL T Un líder para todosRegistro de lectura

Behavior Code Error

Read word correctly ✓lobo 0

Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

®lobo

0

Omission lobo 1

Behavior Code Error

Substitution lodolobo 1

Self-corrects lodo sclobo 0

Insertion el

lobo 1

Word told Tlobo 1

page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections

6 Después de dar clases durante unos años, Johnson se

mudó a Washington, D.C., en 1931. Allí trabajó al principio

como secretario de un congresista democrático y, luego, para

el presidente Franklin Roosevelt. Después de dos años,

regresó a Texas y obtuvo un escaño en la Cámara de

Representantes. En 1948, hizo campaña y obtuvo un escaño

en el Senado de los Estados Unidos.

Durante los primeros años de Johnson como senador,

Dwight Eisenhower era presidente. Johnson trabajó con el

grupo de colaboradores de Eisenhower para ayudar a que se

aprobaran proyectos de ley clave.

Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read

correctly/93 × 100)

%

Total Self-Corrections

8© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Grade 4 Lesson 2: Un líder para todos

4_322193_AL_LRTG_L02_LeaderforAll_SPA.indd 8 1/22/10 5:02:54 AM