system administrator qn

8/3/2019 System Administrator Qn

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1. Difference between Outlook Express and MS Outlook?

Ans -They are two entirely different programs. Only their names are similar. Outlook Express is an

email/USENET client that comes packaged with Internet Explorer.Outlook is an email client with

calendar and tasks/notes capabilities. It comes packaged with MS Office.

Both outlook and outlook express are completely different from each otherOutlook is basically for the profession purpose , and has .pst file formatBut the outless is basically for the home purpose , files format is .dbx

2. Difference between Windows xp and Windows 7?

Ans -Microsoft has published a paper comparing the various features and outlining the differences

between Windows XP SP3, Vista SP1 and Windows 7. The PDF file can be downloaded from Microsoft's

website at the link below.

3. What is the difference between domain & workgroup?

Ans -Domain:

1) Centralized Administration.2) Security of Data, User & Groups

3)Server & Clients Based

4)Windows 2000 & 2003 Server or Advance Support For Server Configuration

5)File, Folder & User & Group Permission we can assign.

WORKGROUP:

1) No Centralized Admiistration.

2) Not much security for Data, User & Groups. (Depends on Configuration)

3)No Server & Client Matter..Each pc reacts like a Client as well as Server.

4) Basically Windows 98 & XP is going to used in Clients side.

5) We can assign permission to drives & folder & files but much secuirty than Domain

4. What is DNS?

Ans - Domain Name System (DNS) is a database system that translates a computer's fully qualified

domain name into an IP address.Networked computers use IP addresses to locate and connect to each

other, but IP addresses can be difficult for people to remember. For example, on the web, it's much

easier to remember the domain name www.amazon.com than it is to remember its corresponding IP

address (207.171.166.48). DNS allows you to connect to another networked computer or remote service

by using its user-friendly domain name rather than its numerical IP address. Conversely, Reverse DNS

(rDNS) translates an IP address into a domain name.

5. What is a router?

Ans - A router is a device in computer networking that forwards data packets to their destinations, based

on their addresses. The work a router does it calledrouting, which is somewhat like switching, but a router

is different from a switch. The latter is simply a device to connect machines to form a LAN.
http://voip.about.com/od/voipbasics/a/IPRouting.htmhttp://voip.about.com/od/voipbasics/a/IPRouting.htmhttp://voip.about.com/od/voipbasics/a/IPRouting.htmhttp://voip.about.com/od/voipbasics/a/IPRouting.htm


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6. What is defragment?

Ans - Disk Defragmenter is a utility in Microsoft Windows designed to increase access speed by

rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous storage locations, a technique called

defragmentation. Defragmenting a disk minimizes head travel, which reduces the time it takes to

read files from and write files to the disk. Beginning with Windows XP, Disk Defragmenter alsoreduces system startup times.

7. What is the difference between a switch and a hub?

Ans - HUB: Hub is a layer-1 device, in this data transmission in the form ofbits.SWITCH: Switch is a layer-2 device, in this data transmission in the form of frames.

8. What is BSOD?

Ans - "The Blue Screen of Death,"

9. What would you use to connect two computers without using switches?

Ans - Just connect computer to computer by crossing cable connect.

10. What is VPN?

Ans - A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a network technology that creates a securenetwork connection over a public network such as the Internet or a private network ownedby a service provider. Large corporations, educational institutions, and governmentagencies use VPN technology to enable remote users to securely connect to a privatenetwork.

11. What is PING utility?

Ans - PING: Packet Internet Gropperit's a diagnostic utility, which diagnose devices connectivity.It use ICMP: Internet Control Messaging protocol to send echo requests (usually 4 packets)and receive echo replies (4 packets)

12. What is the difference between POP3 and IMAP Mail Server?

Ans - POP3 is Email clients download your emails onto your computer. Using a specializedemail program such as Outlook Express or Apple Mail has the advantage of giving youcomplete control over your email; every email you receive is placed on your computer andyou can keep as many large file attachments as you want.

IMAP is protocol that is being used in webmail. Checking your email through our webmail is

similar to using Hotmail or YAHOO! Mail. You never actually copy your messages to yourcomputer; in fact, you are looking at them through your web browser on somebody else's

computer. When you are not online, you are not able to see your email.


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13. What is difference between Dial-Up Internet Connection and broadband connection?

Ans - Dial up connection requires a username/password & a modem to connect to

internet.The maximum speed will be of 56kbps only. In this either the phone or the

internet will work at a time.

While in broadband connection (it need a modem & may need user/password).It is directlyconnected with RJ45 LAN card. Its speed ranges from 256kbps to several mbps. In this

both phone line and internet can work together.

14. What is DHCP and how it works?

Ans - Dynamic host control protocol it assigns IP address automatically to client.

15. What is IPv6?

Ans - Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) is a network layer protocol that enables data

communications over a packet switched network.

16. Difference between FAT and NTFS?

Ans - NTFS stands for new technology file system or network technology file system. In

NTSF partition size can be of 2 TB or more. and file size can be 16 TB. file/folder

encryption is done. and it supports file name character upto 255.

FAT32 stands for File allocation table. in FAT32 partition size can be Upto 2 TB. and file

size can be 4 GB. file/folder encryption is not possible in FAT32. and it supports file name

character upto 8.3.

17. What is Group Policy?

Ans - Group Policy gives users administrative control over people and computers in the usersnetwork. By using Group Policy, users can define the state of someones work environment

once, and then rely on Windows Server 2003 to continually force the Group Policy settingsapplied across an entire organization or to specific groups of people and computers.

18. What causes a computer to reboot itself?

Ans - Memory slot contacts are dirty or you have bad sectors on a memory stick,CPU

overheating ,Boot sector virus ,Bad device driver (can involve any device driver installed onthe computer) ,Bad motherboard ,Bad Power supply


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27. What is Client/Server?

Client-server computing or networking is a distributed application architecture thatpartitions tasks or

workloads between service providers (servers) and servicerequesters, called clients

28. What is the port number of Telnet ,DNS, ftp(data) and ftp?Telnet = 23 and DNS = 53ftp(data) = 20 and ftp=21

29. Differentiate between forward lookup and reverse lookup in DNS?

Forward lookup convert:Host name to IP address.Reverse lookup convert:IP address to Hostname

30. Which layer of OSI is responsible for end-to-end communication?

End-to-end communication refer to process to process delivery which is done by TRANSPORTLAYER

31. What is a wide area network?

A wide area network (WAN) is a data network, usually used for connectingcomputers, that spansa wide geographical area. WANs can be used to connectcities, states, or even countries. WANs

are often used by larger corporations ororganizations to facilitate the exchange of data The best

example of the WAN is the internet.

32. What is the difference between tree and forest?Multiple domain models create logical structures called trees, when they sharecontiguous DNS

names. For example, contoso.com, us.contoso.com, andeurope.contoso.com share contiguous

DNS namespaces and would together beconsidered a tree. An Active Directory that consists ofmultiple trees is naturallycalled a forest.

33. What is the Network Time Protocol?Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a protocol that is used to synchronize computerclock times in a

network of computers.

34. What is DHCP, DNS, POP3?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol thatautomatically

provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and otherrelated configurationinformation such as the subnet mask and default gatewayDomain Name System (DNS) is an

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standardname service that allows your computer to

register and resolve domain names, anInternet service that translates

domain names

into IP addressesPOP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is the most recent version of a standard protocolforreceiving e-mail. POP3 is a client/server protocol in which e-mail is received andheld for you

by your Internet server.

35. Name three network tools used to determine network connectivity

Ans -1)PING 2)TRACEROUTE3)PATHPING


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36. What is multicast routing?

Multicast routing is done by sending one packet to several destinationsWhat is the default subnet mask for an ipv6 address?

255.255.255.255.255.0

37. What is .ost file?

An OST file (.ost) is an offline folder file in Microsoft Outlook. Offline folders make itpossible

for the user to work offline and then to synchronize changes with theExchange server the nexttime they connect.

38. What is the difference between POP3 and IMAP Mail Server?There are two different protocols available to access e-mail: POP3 and IMAP. POP3 isuseful

when e-mail is checked from only one computer. IMAP is the better choicewhen you would like

to check your mail from multiple computers.When using POP3, your mail is stored on your

PC.When using IMAP, the mail is stored on the mail server.POP3 You only check e-mail fromone computer. You want to remove your e-mail from the mail server.Set to remove mail from

server after 30 days.Dont check more frequently than every 15 minutes


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