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SECRETARÍA DE EDUCACIÓN PÚBLICA ADMINISTRACIÓN FEDERAL DE SERVICIOS EDUCATIVOS EN EL DISTRITO FEDERAL
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE OPERACIÓN DE SERVICIOS EDUCATIVOS COORDINACIÓN SECTORIAL DE EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA
SUBDIRECCIÓN DE OPERACIÓN DIRECCIÓN OPERATIVA 6 DE EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA
GUÍA DE ESTUDIO PARA EL EXAMEN EXTRAORDINARIO DE REGULARIZACIÓN
2015 – 2016
PERIODO: ________________________________ (PARA SER LLENADO POR EL ALUMNO)
DELEGACIÓN: X O C H I M I L C O __________ ZONA ESCOLAR: 107
ESCUELA SECUNDARIA: FEDERAL No. 341 TURNO: M A T U T I N O
ESPECIALIDAD: SEGUNDA LENGUA G R A D O: _2º __ G R U P O: _____________
NOMBRE DEL (LA) ALUMNO (A): _______________________________________________
No DE ACIERTOS: __________ CALIFICACIÓN (CON NÚMERO Y LETRA): _____________
NOMBRE Y FIRMA DEL PROF. (A) QUE CALIFICÓ: _________________________________
La presente guía tiene como finalidad ayudarte en la preparación del examen extraordinario de regularización que vas a presentar. Esta elaborada conforme a los contenidos del programa oficial vigente. Para cada uno de los aspectos, encontrarás una breve explicación que te orienta para que entiendas los ejemplos que se te ofrecen y puedas resolver los ejercicios que se te presentan al final de la guía.
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a) Expresar (in) habilidad en el presente.
Para expresar (in) habilidad en el presente se utiliza el verbo modal can, que tiene forma regular para todas las personas.
Forma afirmativa y negativa. Forma Interrogativa.
I I
You you
He he
She can speak English. Can she speak English?
It cannot (can´t) speak English. it
We we
You you
They they
Producciones muestra:
- He / She is a Singer / an architect / …, he / she can sing very well / design buildings/..
- Can you play the guitar / speak French / …?
- Yes, I can.
- No, I can´t (, but I can play the piano / speak English/…)
b) Describir personas y animales.
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Para describir personas podemos utilizar el siguiente vocabulario.
Height - Tamaño
Tall (alto) - Short (bajo) Medium height (Average height) — estatura promedio Question: How tall is Mary Pimm? - She’s 1.60 meters tall. She is medium height. And Tom? - He’s 1.48 meters tall. He’s very short.
Weight - Peso
Thin/slim — delgado(a) Fat / Overweight — Gordo(a) Medium weight (average weight) – peso promedio
Hair- Cabello
Length of hair (Tamaño del cabello)
Short— corto
Long — largo Style: Wavy — ondeado striaght – lacio curly – frizado
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Face and head
Skin color (color de piel) White /fair — blanco Dark / black — Oscuro / negro Olive skin — Piel trigueña Beard — barba moustache — bigote
Examples (look at the figure):
-Sally has dark skin and black curly hair. (We can also say “Sally is black”) -Polly has white skin and long straight hair. (We can also say “Polly is white”) -Billy has a long beard. - Harry has a mustache.
We can use the verb to have to describe skin color, to say if a person has a beard or mustache and to describe hair.
Example: - Will Smith has dark skin - My father has a long beard.
* Vocabulario para describir animales.
Animals (Animales)
Bat - murciélago Bear - oso Bird - pájaro Bull - toro Camel - camello Cat - gato Chicken - gallina Cow - vaca Crocodile - cocodrilo Deer - venado Dog - perro
Partes del animal. fur - piel (de animales peludos) mane - melena snout – hocico teeth- dientes paw - pata hoof - pezuña, casco, pata (de caballo, toro, etc.) tail - cola whiskers - pelos del bigote (de animal) claw - garra beak - pico wing - ala
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feathers - plumas scales - escamas horn - cuerno
Describir animales:
Bats are mammals but they can fly. They live in a large groups in caves. They have
sharp teeth.
Cats are domestic animals. It has fur and whiskers and a long tail.
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Hablar de la salud. Dar consejos. Hacer y responder ofrecimientos y sugerencias.
Problemas de salud. I have a . . . headache - dolor de cabeza stomachache - dolor de estómago backache - dolor de espalda toothache - dolor de muela earache - dolor de oído cold - resfriado fever - fiebre cough - tos
Para preguntar acerca de la salud de alguien :
Questions: Answers:
How are you? I’m sick. What´s the matter? I have a sore throat. Do you feel ok? No, I don’t. What´s the problem? I have a headache.
should
Usamos la palabra "should" en inglés para dar consejos. Es como la palabra "deber"
en español.
You should study. She should take an aspirin.
El negativo es "should not" o la contracción "shouldn't."
You shouldn't eat so much. He should´t watch so much TV.
Para dar consejos se usan las siguientes expresiones:
Don´t go out. The best thing for you is to take some cough syrup. If I were you I would have some chicken soup. Try drinking a cup of camomile tea.
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Para hacer preguntas y dar sugerencias:
Questions: Answers: Why don´t you go home? That´s a good idea. Shall I call the doctor? No, thanks. Do you want me to take you to hospital? Yes, thanks. How about taking you home right now? That would be nice.
Comprar y vender cosas.
Para ofrecer y pedir mercancía puedes utilizar algunas de las siguientes expresiones: Can I help you? - ¿Puedo ayudarle? How many … do you want? ¿Cuántos (as)….. quiere? Can you help me? I’m looking for …¿Podría ayudarme? Estoy buscando…. Please give me… Por favor deme… Anything else? - ¿Algo más? Can I have…… Me da…..
Preguntar y responder sobre precios.
How much? How many?- countable and uncountable nouns: Utilizamos How many…? Para hablar sobre sustantivos contables o no contables utilizando una medida. Ejemplo: How many apples ara these? How many boxes of cereal do you want?
Utilizamos How much…? Para preguntar sobre sustantivos no contables.
Ejemplo:
How much sugar is there? How much cereal do you want?
Demostratives: this / that/ these/ those:
Utilizamos this, that, these, those, cuando nos referimos a objetos específicos,
animales o personas.
Observa la tabla.
SINGULAR PLURAL
NEAR (cerca) Look at this book
How much are these shoes?
FAR (lejos) I like that hat. Those boots are nice.
Observa el diálogo: -Excuse me. How much is this / that sweater? -It´s $30 dollars. - Excuse me, how much are these / those shoes? - They ‘re $67 dollars.
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Hacer comparaciones y expresar grados de diferencia.
Comparatives.
Los comparativos son utilizados para comparar dos elementos o grupos que pueden
ser personas, animales, objetos o lugares.
Observa la siguiente tabla.
Para adjetivos con una sola sílaba, ejemplo: Short, cheap, agrega –er than
This dress is cheaper tan that dress.
Para adjetivos de una sílaba que terminen en consonante –vocal-consonante, ejemplo: big. hot, la consonante final se duplica y se agrega –er than.
Canada is bigger than Mexico.
Para adjetivos que terminan en –y- ejemplo: easy, pretty, la y se cambia por i y se agrega er than.
Sara is prettier than Susan.
Algunos adjetivos tienen forma irregular en su forma comparativa, ejemplo: good- better than bad- worse than
Our baseball is better than theirs.
Para adjetivos de dos o más sílabas utilizamos more + adjective + than Ejemplo: more dangerous than.
That car is more expensive than that one.
Observa los siguientes diálogos:
Customer: I like these jeans. Salesperson: Do you want to try them on? Customer: Yes, please. Salesperson: What size. Customer: Large, please. Salesperson: Here you are. Customer: It´s too big. Do you have a small size? Salesperson: No, we don´t, sorry. Customer: Thanks anyway.
Salesperson: Good morning. Can I help you? Customer: Yes, please. I need some cheese. Salesperson: How much do you want? Customer: 400grams, please. Salesperson: Anything else? Customer: No, that´s all. Thank you. Salesperson: You’re welcome.
UNIDAD 4
CASA Y HOGAR.
Describir vivienda.
El uso del there is y there are indican existencia en sus formas singular y plural,
respectivamente.
There is/There are
"There is" y "There are" quieren decir "Hay" en español. "There is" es singular y
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"There are" es plural.
There is a book. (Hay un libro.)* There are books. (Hay libros.)
*Se puede hacer una contracción de "There is" a "There's". No se puede hacer una
contracción de "There are."
El negativo es "There is not" y "There are not" y sus contracciones. There is not a book. - There isn't a book. There are not books. - There aren't books.
Para formar una pregunta nada más cambiamos el orden de las palabras. Is there a book? Yes, there is. No, there isn't. Are there books? Yes, there are. No, there aren't. Vocabulario partes de la casa:
bedroom - dormitorio
bathroom - baño
living room - sala
kitchen - cocina
dining room – comedor
Preposiciones de lugar:
Opposite- opuesto behind- detrás next to - a lado between- en medio on- sobre
Outside the house (Fuera de la Casa) yard - patio swimming pool - piscina
Furniture (Muebles) sofa - sofá armchair - sillón TV (television) - televisión table - mesa chair - silla refrigerator - refrigerador, nevera stove - estufa oven - horno sink - fregadero, lavamanos cabinets - gabinetes bed - cama dresser - tocador toilet - escusado, inodoro bathtub - tina de baño shower - la ducha, regadera curtains - cortinas carpet - alfombra
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lamp – lámpara
Producciones muestra: -There´s an apartment / a house for rent/ sale in my building / block /… -There are three rooms / two bathrooms/ … (there / in my apartment) -There´s a large / beautiful studio / living room / … and a small bathroom / kitchen / … (in his / her house) - My bedroom is larger / nicer than my sister´s / the studio - The bedroom / dining room / … is opposite / next to / … the entrance/ dinig room / … - Are there any closets? / bookcases / …? - Yes there are - No, there aren´t (any) (, but there´s a chest of drawners) - What´s your room / house / … like? -It´s small room / a large apartment / … -There are two bedrooms on the second floor / next to the bathroom.
UNIDAD 5
TIEMPO PASADO.
Expresar habilidad e inhabilidad en el pasado.
Para expresar (in) habilidad en el pasado se utiliza el verbo modal could, que tiene forma regular para todas las personas.
Forma afirmativa y negativa. Forma Interrogativa.
I I
You you
He he
She could run very fast. Could she run very fast?
It could not (couldn´t) run… it
We we
You you
They they
Expresar acontecimientos pasados. Pasado simple.
El tiempo Pasado Simple se usa para hablar de acciones terminadas en el pasado. Como hacen referencia a acciones que ya ocurrieron, siempre deben ir en un contexto pasado, ya sea porque se está contando una historia que ya pasó, o bien usando complementos de tiempo pasado, como:
yesterday ayer
last night anoche
last week la semana pasada
last month el mes pasado
last year el año pasado
in 1970 en 1970
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Comenzaremos con la conjugación del verbo to be. Para la primera y tercera persona es was, para todas las demás es were.
Lea e intente recordar la conjugación del verbo to be en pasado.
TO BE
I was
You were
He was
She was
It was
We were
You were
They were
I was in London last year. Estuve en Londres el año pasado. Sarah and Tom were in London last year.
Para usar otros verbos en este tiempo, se usa la forma del verbo en pasado simple, que es igual para todas las personas. La formación del pasado simple depende si el verbo es regular o irregular.
Verbos regulares. En el caso de los verbos regulares, el pasado simple se forma tomando el propio verbo y agregando "ed", o "d" si termina en vocal. Si termina en "y", se cambia por "ied".
We played tennis for two hours. Jugamos tenis por dos horas. She arrived late. Llegó tarde. You studied a lot. Estudiaste mucho.
Verbos irregulares. Los verbos irregulares tienen su propia forma del pasado simple y la única manera de aprenderlos es memorizarlos. Normalmente son los que aparecen en la segunda columna de los listados de verbos irregulares en los diccionarios de inglés.
Por ejemplo el pasado del verbo to go (ir) es "went". El pasado de to see (ver) es "saw". Siempre es igual para todas las personas.
We went to London in 1994. Fuimos a Londres es 1994. We saw the double-decker buses. Vimos los autobuses de dos pisos.
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La forma interrogativa se compone del auxiliar DID seguido de la persona y el verbo en infinitivo. El auxiliar es igual para todas las personas.
TO GO
Did I go ?
Did You go ?
Did He go ?
Did She go ?
Did It go ?
Did We go ?
Did You go ?
Did They go ?
Para realizar una pregunta se usa la "question word" adelante.
Where did you go? ¿Dónde fuiste? When did you go to London? ¿Cúando fuiste a Londres?
La forma negativa se compone de la persona, seguido del auxiliar DID, seguido de NOT y el verbo en infinitivo. En lenguaje informal, puede usarse la forma contracta didn't.
TO GO
I did not go = I didn't go
You did not go = You didn't go
He did not go = He didn't go
She did not go = She didn't go
It did not go = It didn't go
We did not go = We didn't go
You did not go = You didn't go
They did not go = They didn't go
Presentamos aquí una pequeña lista de algunos verbos irregulares con su pasado simple. Intenta recordarlos!
INFINITIVO PASADO SIMPLE
go (ir) went
have (tener) had
write (escribir) wrote
read (leer) read
catch (atrapar) caught
fall (caer) fell
hear (escuchar) heard
see (ver) saw
say (decir) said
give (dar) gave
know (saber) knew
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EJERCICIOS
A CONTINUACIÓN ENCONTRARÁS UNA SERIE DE EJERCICOS PARA QUE
PRACTIQUES LO ESTUDIADO EN ESTA GUÍA. REALIZALOS CUIDADOSAMENTE.
I. OBSERVA LA ILUSTRACIÓN Y RELACIONA LOS NÚMEROS CON SU
RESPECTIVA DESCRPCIÓN.
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( ) She can cook chocolate cakes.
( ) She can take care of your health.
( )She can take care of your teeth.
II. COMPLETA CON “CAN” O “CAN´T”.
1. Where___________ I see a good rock concert? 2. Can Lisa speak French? No, she ______________. 3. What __________you do? 4. Can Lucy drive? Yes, she _____________ . 5. Where ______________ I buy a new camera? 6. _____________you read in Portuguese? Yes, I can. 7. Can I invite my friends? Yes, they ______________come. 8. ______________you help me, please? 9. ___________you play the piano? 10. I ______________find my keys. Where are they?
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III. RELACIONA LAS PERSONAS CON SU DESCRIPCIÓN CORRECTA.
1) ___________________ has long hair and is very tall.
2) ________________ is white and has a beard.
3)_____________ has white skin long blond hair and is pretty.
4) __________________ has long brown hair and a mustache.
IV. ELIGE “SHOULD” O “SHOULDN´T”.
1. You _________ be so selfish.
2. I don't think you _________________ smoke so much.
3. You _______________ exercise more.
4. I think you _______________ try to speak to her.
5. You are overweight. You ________________ go on a diet.
6. Where _________________ we park our car?
7. You ______________never speak to your mother like this.
8. The kids ________________ spend so much time in front of the TV.
9. ______________ I tell her the truth or should I say nothing?
10. I think we ___________________ reserve our holiday in advance.
V. ORDENA LAS PALABRAS Y ESCRIBE CORRECTAMENTE LOS ENUNCIADOS.
1) smoking. /I /up/ give /should ___________________________________________
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2) Should/ tell/ or/ I/ not /? /her ____________________________________________ 3) it / easy/./ I/ you/ take/ think/ should _______________________________________________ 4) time/ come/?/ I/ What/ should ________________________________________________ 5) much/ shouldn't/ work/ so/ Jeff __________________________________________________ 6) should /don't/ think/ this/ Anita/ accept/ I /job. ___________________________________________________
VI. COMPLETA EL DIÁLOGO CON LAS PALABRAS DEL RECUADRO.
Shop assistant: Hello, can ____________ you?
Customer: Iam_______________ for a pair of jeans.
Shop assistant: What _________________ do you take?
Customer: Twenty-nine.
Shop assistant: We have some very nice blue jeans here. They're _____________ this week.
Customer: Well, I actually __________________black jeans.
Shop assistant: That's okay. We____________ have them in black.
Customer: Where can I______________ them on?
Shop assistant: The ____________________ room is over there. The customer tries the jeans on.
Customer: They're______________ big.
Shop assistant: Would you like a ________________ size?
Customer: Yes, ____________________. The customer tries the jeans on.
Customer: These ______________ rather well. But I think I look ________ in them. Don't you think?
Shop assistant: Not at all. These jeans ____________ you very well.
Customer: Well, I think I ____________________ a blue pair. The shop assistant brings a pair of blue jeans and the customer tries the jeans on.
Customer: They are very tighttide and I don't like blue jeans, anyway. Do you mind taketakingbringbringing me another pair in black?
Shop assistant: No, not at all. ...
VII. OBSERVA LA IMAGEN Y CONTESTA LO QUE SE TE PIDE.
a) Where is the hat?
_______________________
b) Where is the plant?
size help try fitting smaller please fit will try on
looking suit also bringing too on offer fat prefer tight
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_________________________
c) Is there a bed?
____________________________
VIII. COMPLETA EL SIGUIENTE DIÁLOGO CON WAS O WERE.
Detective Johnson: Where __________you at ten o’ clock yesterday? Mr. Trenton: I __________ at the dentist. DJ: Where __________your kids? MT: They __________at school. DJ: And __________your wife at home? MT: No, she __________ DJ: Where ___________she? MT: She ___________ at the Public Library. She works there. DJ: Mm…I see Thank you very much. MT: You’re welcome. Bye the way Detective Johnson, where ___________you at ten o´clock yesterday? DJ: Me? Well… I really can´t remember.
IX. RELACIONA EL INFINITIVO DE LOS VERBOS CON SU FORMA PASADA.
INFINITIVE PAST tell _________had See __________went leave _________ got do _________told go _________ swam have __________ saw swim __________ did get __________left
X. ESCOGE CUATRO VERBOS EN FORMA PASADA DE LA LISTA DE ARRIBA Y
ESCRIBE UNA ORACIÓN. USA LAS EXPRESIONES DEL RECUADRO PARA
ESCRIBIRLAS.
______He swam in the club yesterday.___________
1. __________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
4. __________________________________________
XI. COMPLETA LAS ORACIONES USANDO EL PASADO DE LOS VERBOS EN PARÉNTESIS.
He ____arrived_______ (arrive) in the office early in the morning and
in 2006
last Sunday
this morning
last weekend
two days ago
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__________(leave) at 8 p.m. She __________(open) the box and ___________(close) it very quickly when she saw a large cockroach inside it. She ___________(start) doing the housework at midday and __________(stop) late in the afternoon. He ___________ (come)to my house yesterday to help me with my homework and then we __________ (go) to the movies.
ELABORÓ GUIA DE SEGUNDO.
PROF.ARTURO JIMENEZ AVILA
VO. BO.
ACADEMIA DE SEGUNDA LENGUA INGLES
PROFA.MA.ALEJANDRA
TREJOS ALFARO
PROFARTURO JIMENEZ A
PROF.ROBERTO BRAVO
REYES
VO. BO. SELLO DE LA
ESCUELA
___________________________________________
MTRA.OLGA CRISTINA HERNANDEZ FITTA
DIRECTORA ES2-89
__________________________________________ SELLO DE LA
SUPERVISION
PROFA. BERTHA ROSAS PAREDES
INSPECTORA GENERAL ZONA ESCOLAR 107