robolab[1] traducido

7/30/2019 Robolab[1] Traducido

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ROBOLAB


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QUE ES EL ROBOLAB?

Es un lenguaje utilizado para programarlos robots.Fotos, llamados iconos representan

funciones diferentes para crear la lgicade su programa.Uso de la Torre de infrarrojos se puededescargar los programas que escribenen su RCX.


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Introduccin

Haga doble clic en

el acceso directo de

ROBOLAB para

iniciar la aplicacin.


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Introduccin

Haga clic en el

botn del

programador


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Introduccin

Haga doble clic en

Inventor 4 para que

aparezca una

ventana deprograma en blanco.


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Un programa sencillo

Ahora vamos a escribir un programa

simple con ROBLAB

Este programa girara a uno de los

motores durante 2 segundos y luego se

apagar.


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Esta es una ventana de

programa en blanco.

La luz verde es el

comienzo del programa.

La luz roja es el final del

programa.

La paleta de funciones

contiene todos los

iconos que tendr queescribir el programa.

Blank Program Window

Functions Palette


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The first icon is the motor.

Select the icon with the A over

the motor because the motor is

connected to Port A.

The arrow shows what direction

the motor will run. Choose theone pointing to the right.

Click the icon and place it in the

program window. Click again

over the spot where you want to

place the icon. For information about each icon,

click Help, then Show Help.

Help Window


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Motors can be

programmed to run

at different power

levels, from1(lowest) to

5(highest).


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Iconos del nivel de

poder se encuentran

los modificadores de

los sub-paleta,situada en la paleta

Functions.

Haga clic en el

icono de nivel 5 ycolocarlo debajo del

motor.


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A continuacin

ponemos un retardo

de tiempo para que

el motor funcionedurante 2 segundos.

El icono se puede

encontrar en la

paleta de sub-con laimagen de un reloj.


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Para enlazar todos los

iconos juntos para

hacer de la ejecucin

del programa, ahora

necesitamos la

herramienta de

alambre.

Seleccione el men de

Windows, acontinuacin, Mostrar

paleta de herramientas


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Here the wire tool

has been selected

Wire Tool


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Dont forget to

connect the Power

Level Modifier to the

motor.


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The RCX

This is the brain of

your robot.

The inputs (sensors)

are connected toports 1, 2, and 3

The outputs

(motors, lamps) areconnected to ports

A, B, and C


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RCX Buttons

On-Off turns the RCX onand off. The RCX shutsitself off after 15 minutesunless changed in setup

Run starts and stops theprogram

Prgm selects whichprogram you want to run.You can store up to 5 at

once. View lets you view the

values at the ports. Thisis useful when looking atsensor values.


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Downloading to the RCX

Turn on the RCX.

Select a programnumber to store it.

Place the InfraRedTower 6 to 8 inchesfrom the RCX.

Make sure the

receiver is facing thetower.

InfraRed Tower


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Downloading

Select Run from theOperate menu.

This starts

downloading theprogram.

The RCX will makea rising sweep

sound if thedownload wassuccessful.


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Problems when downloading

If any of the icons

are not connected

properly you will see

an error listdescribing what the

problem is.


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If you get an error

Make sure the InfraRedTowers serial cable isconnected to thecomputer.

Make sure the RCX ison.

Try moving the RCXcloser to the tower.

Check the batteries (9Vin tower and 6 AA inRCX).


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Other Tools

The Select tool letsyou select icons so

you can move them

or delete them. The Text tool lets

you put text in the

program window.

Select

Text


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Other Tools

The replace tool lets

you replace an icon

without rewiring.

Replace Tool


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Using the replace tool

Lets replace the 2 second delay with an 8

second delay.


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Select the replace

tool and left click the

2 second display

icon. Select replace from

the menu and a new

functions palette

should appear.

New Functions Palette

Replace


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Select the 8 second

delay from the

palette.

8 secondDelay


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The program has now been changed from a 2

second delay to an 8 second delay.


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Loops

Loops allow you to

repeat part of the

program so you

dont have to rewritethe same part over.

These are the icons

beginning and end

of a loop.


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Loops

You can specify thenumber of times youwant the loop torepeat with a textbox modifier.

You can also usethe random dice

modifier to have theloop repeat arandom number oftimes.


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Jumps

These are the jumpand land icons

You can have more

than one jump perprogram.

Keep them separateby assigning a

number or using adifferent color foreach.


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Examples using loops and jumps

Here are some examples of a program

that tells the RCX to beep every

second.

The first 2 are examples of finite loops.

The 3rd implements an infinite loop.


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Example 1

This program beeps every second.

It does this for 10 loops.


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Example 2


It does this for a random number of loops.


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Example 3


It does this forever.


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The Touch Sensor

Remember to specify

the port that the sensor

is connected to.

The sensors are usually

used to control motors

and lights.

The fork allows the

program to run based

on the position of thesensor.

Wait until

pressed

Wait until

released

Touch

Sensor

Fork


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The Light Sensor

These are used to

detect light levels

between 0 and 100.

The top icon waits until

the level is above the

given value of 50.

The bottom icon waits

until the level is below

the given value of 50.


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The Light Sensor

The top icon waits until

the light level is a

certain percentage

above the current level.

The bottom waits untilthe light level is a

certain percentage

below the current level.

In both cases, thepercentage is 5%.


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Timers

There are 3 timers.

The program can wait

for a certain amount of

time.

1 sec = 10 timer counts.

Make sure you reset the

timer at the beginning of

your program.


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Example using a timer

This program times how long it takes for

someone to push in a touch sensor.

If the sensor is pressed within 3

seconds of starting the program a

descending sweep sound will be played.

If more than 3 seconds pass a different

rising sweep sound will be played.


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Timer Example

Reset the red timer.

Wait for touch sensor to be pressed.

Play appropriate sound based on the time

elapsed.


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Containers

Another word for

container is variable.

Variables are a number

you dont know until you

run the program.

Can have up to 3.

You can zero a

container, give it a

number, or give it the

value of a sensor.


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Container Math Operations

Add 4 to

the

container

value.

Multiply

container

value by 2.

Subtract 3

from the

container

value.

Divide

container

value by 1.


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Containers

You can use the

value of a container

to set the power

level for an outputsuch as a light or

motor.

Container Value


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Example using a container

This program starts out with the power

level of the motor at 0.

Every time the sensor is pressed the

power level increases by 1.

When the sensor has been pressed 6

time the motor shuts off.


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Multiple Tasks

This allows your

program to do 2 or

more things at the

same time. Each task must end

with a red stoplight.

You can have up to

10 separate tasks in

a program.


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Example using tasks

This program has 3 tasks.

The 1st turns on motor A for 45 seconds thenturns it off.

The 2nd

plays a rising sweep then waits arandom amount of time before repeatingthis happens 4 times.

The 3rd turns motor C on for 1 second then

turns it off and waits 2 seconds thishappens a random number of times.


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Task Example


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Debugging

Even if the program successfully

downloads to the RCX, the program

may not work the way you expect it to.


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Debugging Hints

Have your program play a sound when itreaches a certain point if you hear thesound you know your program got to thatpoint this is especially good for forkdebugging.

Sounds and lamps are a good way to seethe value of a container.

Add time delays to slow down the actions ofyour robot so that you have time to thinkabout what is going on.

Keep trying until your program works the way

robolab[1] traducido

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