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7/25/2019 Principios de Administracin - Fotocopias.docx

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INSTITUTO DE FORMACIN TCNICA N 143PRINCIPIOS DE ADMINISTRACIN

PROFESORA: SUSANA FAGNANI

Organizacin: E !n i"#$a %cia& c%$'!#"% '%r in(i)i(!% % gr!'% (# #&&%*!#+ "#ni#n(% )a&%r# c%$'ar"i(%+ # in"#rr#&aci%nan , !"i&izan r#c!r% c%n

&% *!# (#arr%&&an ac"i)i(a(# "#n(i#n"# a& &%gr% (# %-.#"i)% c%$!n#/ Da(a#"a (#0nicin '%(#$% #nc%n"rar )ari% #.#$'&% (# %rganizacin a n!#"r%a&r#(#(%r: %'i"a&+ c&!-+ #c!#&a+ c2rc#+ #.rci"%+ #$'r#a #n g#n#ra&/% #$#n"% *!# carac"#rizan a &a %rganizaci%n# %n:

15 O-.#"i)% , M#"a: &% %-.#"i)% %n &% 0n# acia &% c!a ##nca$ina &a ac"i)i(a( (# &a %rganizacin/ a $#"a %n &% 0n##'#c60c% #7'r#a(% #n 8%r$a c!an"i"a"i)a/

95 R#c!r% !$an%: %n &a '#r%na % gr!'% (# '#r%na *!# "ra-a.an#n &a %rganizacin , # r#&aci%nan #n"r# 6+ a'%r"an(% ! #8!#rz% 86ic% #in"#c"!a&/

35 R#c!r% Ma"#ria: %n &% $#(i% 86ic% ;'%r #.#$'&%: $a"#ria 'ri$a+$a*!inaria+ in$!#-+ #rra$i#n"a+ )#6c!&%+ c%$'!"a(%ra5+na"!ra ;'%r #.#$'&%: c%$-!"i-+ #n#rg6a i(r2!&ica+ #c"rici(a(5 ,0nanci#r% ;'%r #.#$'&%: (in#r%+ 'r"a$%+ acci%n#+ "6"!&%+ -%n%5 *!#&a %rganizacin !"i&iza 'ara a&canzar &% 0n# 'r%'!#"%/

45 In8%r$acin: %n (a"% #7'r#a(% #n (i)#ra 8%r$a ;'a&a-ra % ci8ra+#cri"a ! %ra+ gr20c%5 , # r#0#r#n "an"% a c!#"i%n# in"#rna (# &a%rganizacin c%$% #7"#rna a &a $i$a/ a in8%r$acin #8!n(a$#n"a& 'ara &a "%$a (# (#cii%n#/ P%r #.#$'&%: i"#$ac%n"a-+ in8%r$# (# 'r%(!ccin+ #)a&!aci%n# (# r#c!r% !$an%+carac"#r6"ica (# 'r%(!c"% c%$'#"i(%r#+ #"c/

SUPERMERCADOOO C%$#rcia&izar 'r%(!c"% a&i$#n"ici% , (# &i$'i#za 'ara

%-"#n#r ganancia/METAS Ingr#% n#"% (# ?9@/@@@ a& $#/RECURSOSUMANOS

Ca.#ra+ r#'%i"%r#+ '#r%na& a($ini"ra"i)% , (# &i$'i#za/

RECURSOSMATERIAES

A'%r"# inicia& (# &% %ci%+ 0nanciacin (# 'r%)##(%r#+#(i0ci%+ in"a&aci%n#+ c%$'!"a(%ra/

INFORMACIN >#n"a '%r 'r%(!c"%+ ca$'aa (# '!-&ici(a( an!ncia(a '%r

'r%)##(%r#+ 'r#ci% (# &a c%$'#"#ncia/

Ti'% (# Organizaci%n#:15 Organizaci%n# F%r$a: %n &a %rganizaci%n# *!# (i"ri-!,#n #n"r#

! $i#$-r% &a ac"i)i(a(#+ r#'%na-i&i(a(# , a!"%ri(a( (# !na8%r$a 'r#cia+ #7'&6ci"a , r#&a"i)a$#n"# '#r$an#n"#/ P%r #.#$'&%:8ac!&"a(#+ #c!#&a , &a #$'r#a #n g#n#ra&/

95 Organizaci%n# In8%r$a: %n &a *!# n% "i#n#n !na (i"ri-!cin (#ac"i)i(a(#+ r#'%na-i&i(a(# , a!"%ri(a( (# !na 8%r$a #7'&6ci"a$#n"#(#0ni(a/ a r#&aci%n# #n"r# ! in"#gran"# %n $!, (in2$ica/ P%r#.#$'&%: !n c%n.!n"% (# a$ig% *!# %rganizan !n ca$'a$#n"% % !na

r#!nin ;c#na5/En &a r#a&i(a( a$-% "i'% (# %rganizaci%n# %n c%ni(#ra(%!-i"#$a (# !na %rganizacin , %n 'ar"# in#'ara-/ a%rganizacin 8%r$a& # !n i"#$a (# ac!#r(%:


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a5 E& 'ri$#r ac!#r(%: #& nB$#r% (# '!#"% ;n% (# '#r%na5 n#c#ari%'ara &)ar a ca-% "%(% &% 'r%c#% , %'#raci%n# (# !na #$'r#a/

-5 E& #g!n(% ac!#r(%: #& c%n"#ni(% , #& )a&%r (# &% '!#"%/c5 E& "#rc#r ac!#r(%: &a agr!'acin '%r 8!nci%n# %$%gn#a % c%n ci#r"a

i$i&i"!( ;#c"%rizacin , (#'ar"a$#n"a&izacin5/ ;Organigra$a5(5 E& c!ar"% ac!#r(%: (#0nir &a $ii%n#+ 8!nci%n# , "ar#a (#& '!#"%+

$a ! r#( (# c%$!nicaci%n# %riz%n"a , )#r"ica/

#5 E& *!in"% ac!#r(%: # #& i"#$a (# r#"ri-!ci%n#+ 'r#$i% , ca"ig%/a %rganizacin in8%r$a& # $a"#ria&iza #n &% $#cani$% (# &a &gica (#&% #n"i$i#n"% ,a *!# &a raci%na&i(a( (#& %$-r# # &i$i"a(a ;(#0nir%-.#"i)% c%$!n#+ &%grar 'r%)##r in8%r$acin a "%(% 'ara *!# &a "%$a (#(#cii%n# "#nga &a 'r%'%rcin $2 a&"a (# in"#&ig#ncia !$ana+ #n"!ia$% *!# # "i#n# '%r &a in"i"!cin #n *!# !n% "ra-a.a+ &a a(#in a&a c!&"!ra (# &a %rganizacin #n *!# !n in#r"a ! r%& &a-%ra&5/

Par"# (# !na %rganizacin15 NBc% (# %'#raci%n#: #"2 c%$'!#"% '%r &% $i#$-r% (# &a

%rganizacin *!# r#a&izan #& "ra-a.% -2ic% (ir#c"a$#n"# r#&aci%na(% c%n&a 'r%(!ccin (# -i#n# % 'r#"acin (# !n #r)ici%/ S! 8!nci%n# %n &%*!# r#a&izan (ir#c"a$#n"# &a 'r%(!ccin+ c%$'ra , 'r%)iin (# $#(i%/S! "ra-a.% # (#arr%&&a a "ra) (# &a n%r$a&izacin (# 'r%c#% (#"ra-a.%/ S%n &a 'ar"# -2ica , 8!n(a$#n"a& (# &a %rganizacin/ S!8!nci%n# -2ica %n: a#g!ran &a #n"ra(a 'ara &a 'r%(!ccin ;'%r#.#$'&%+ #& (#'ar"a$#n"% (# c%$'ra a(*!i#r# &a $a"#ria 'ri$a , #& (#r#c#'cin &a c%&%ca #n #& a&$acn5+ "ran8%r$an &a #n"ra(a #n a&i(a;'%r #.#$'&%+ "ran8%r$an &a $a"#ria 'ri$a #n 'r%(!c"% "#r$ina(% %"ran8%r$an in8%r$acin % '#r%na: #cri-i#n(% in8%r$# (#a#%ra$i#n"%+ #n#an(% a #"!(ian"#+ c%r"an(% #& '#&%+ #"c/5+

(i"ri-!,#n #"a a&i(a ;'%r #.#$'&%+ )#n(i#n(% , (i"ri-!,#n(%86ica$#n"# &% r#!&"a(% (#& 'r%c#% (# "ran8%r$acin5 , 'r%'%rci%nan!n a'%,% (ir#c"% a &a 8!nci%n# (# #n"ra(a+ "ran8%r$acin , a&i(a ;'%r#.#$'&%+ $an"#ni$i#n"% (# $2*!ina+ ac#r in)#n"ari% (# $a"#ria'ri$a+ #"c/5

95 'ic# #"ra"gic% % c!$-r# #"ra"gica: (ir#c"i)% (#& ni)#& !'#ri%r;Pr#i(#n"#+ Dir#c"%r G#n#ra&+ S#cr#"aria (# G#r#ncia5 *!# # %c!'an (#*!# &a E$'r#a c!$'&a c%n ! $iin , (# a"i8ac#r &% in"#r## (#a*!#&&% *!# &a c%n"r%&an #7"#rna$#n"# % "i#n#n a&gBn '%(#r %-r# &a%rganizacin ;acci%ni"a+ ag#ncia g!-#rna$#n"a+ in(ica"%&a-%ra+ #"c/5/ &a 8!nci%n# %n a*!#&&a #n *!# in"#n"an *!# &a

E$'r#a 8!nci%n# c%$% !na !ni(a( in"#gra(a: g#"%r# (# &a #$'r#a+#.#rc#n #& &i(#razg%+ aignan &% r#c!r%+ a(%'"an #& r%& (# $%ni"%r , (#(ar in8%r$acin+ %n #& in"#r$#(iari% #n"r# &a E$'r#a , #& #n"%rn%;n#g%cia(%r+ ca-#za )ii-+ '%r"a)%z5+ 8%r$!&ar #"ra"#gia/ S! 8%r$a (#%rganizar # &a a(a'"acin $!"!a , #.#rc#n &a !'#r)iin (ir#c"a %-r#&% (#$2/

35 6n#a $#(ia: %n &% (ir#c"i)% 'r%)i"% (# a!"%ri(a( 8%r$a& , *!# !n#n2'ic# c%n nBc% (# %'#raci%n#/ Ti#n#n &a $i$a 8!nci%n# *!# #&2'ic# #"ra"gic% '#%r &i$i"a(% a ! ni)#& (ir#c"i)%: r#c%g#n in8%r$acin(# ! !-%r(ina(% , &a "ran$i"#n a& 2'ic# #"ra"gic%+ 'ar"ici'an (#&'r%c#% (# "%$a (# (#cii%n# , aignan , (i"ri-!,#n &% r#c!r% (#*!# (i'%n#n #n ! (#'ar"a$#n"% % 2r#a (# "ra-a.%/ En g#n#ra&+ #&(ir#c"i)% (# &6n#a $#(ia (##$'#a "%(% &% r% (#& (ir#c"%r g#n#ra&+'#r% #n #& c%n"#7"% (# &a g#"in (# ! 'r%'ia !ni(a(/ S# c%%r(inan c%n


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&% (ir#c"i)% (# ! $i$% ni)#& c%n &a a(a'"acin $!"!a;%riz%n"a&$#n"#5/

45 T#cn%#"r!c"!ra: # #& c%n.!n"% (# '#r%na *!# r#a&izan !na 8!ncin (#an2&ii (# &a %rganizacin ;'r%gra$an #& "ra-a.% (# &a $a*!ina , (#&% $i#$-r% (# &a #$'r#a5/ S! 8!ncin # n%r$a&izar 'r%c#%+a-i&i(a(# , r#!&"a(%/ S# c%%r(inan '%r a(a'"acin $!"!a ,n%r$a&izacin (# a-i&i(a(#+ # in"#r)i#n#n #n "%(a &a #ca&a .#r2r*!ica

(# &a %rganizacin/ a "#cn%#"r!c"!ra %&% r#!&"a #8#c"i)a c!an(% '!#(#r#c!rrir a "cnica ana&6"ica 'ara ac#r $2 #8#c"i)% #& "ra-a.% a.#n%/a, "r# "i'%:a5 Ana&i"a (# #"!(i% (# "ra-a.%: (i#an , $#.%ran 'r%c#% (#

"ra-a.% ;'%r #.#$'&%+ ing#ni#r% in(!"ria/-5 Ana&i"a (# '&ani0cacin , c%n"r%&: n%r$a&izan r#!&"a(% ;'%r

#.#$'&%+ ana&i"a (# 'r#!'!#"%+ ana&i"a c%n"a-/c5 Ana&i"a (# '#r%na&: r#'%na- (# c%n"ra"acin+ n%r$a&izan

a-i&i(a(# ;'%r #.#$'&%+ &ic#ncia(% #n r#c!r% !$an%5/5 S"a (# a'%,%: %n !ni(a(# #'#cia&iza(a *!# 'r%'%rci%nan a'%,% a &a

#$'r#a 8!#ra (#& !.% 'r%(!c"i)%/ Ti#n#n #& car2c"#r (# a#%r+ r#a&izan!na #ri# (# 8!nci%n# c%$% #r: (ar #r)ici% a &% (i"in"% ni)#.#r2r*!ic% , c%n"i"!ir gr!'% %rganiza"i)% *!# # %c!'aran (# r#c!r%!$an%+ a#%r6a .!r6(ica+ c%n"a-+ i$'%i"i)a+ a(!an#ra , %"r%#r)ici% n#c#ari% 'ara &a E$'r#a ;'%r #.#$'&%+ G#r#n"# (# R#c!r%!$an%+ *!i#n a#%ra a &% g#r#n"# (# 'r%(!ccin #n "#$a c%$%r#c&!"a$i#n"%+ ca'aci"acin+ c%$'#nacin (#& '#r%na&+ #"c/5/ S#c%%r(inan '%r a(a'"acin $!"!a , n%r$a&izacin (# a-i&i(a(#/

E$'r#a: # !n "i'% (# %rganizacin+ '%r &% "an"% "i#n# &a $i$acarac"#r6"ica/ a #$'r#a (#arr%&&a ac"i)i(a(# #c%n$ica+ # (#cir+

'r%(!c# ,% c%$#rcia&iza -i#n# , -rin(a #r)ici%+ c%n #& %-.#"i)% (#%-"#n#r -#n#0ci% #c%n$ic%/S# c&ai0can #n:15 S#gBn #& #c"%r (# &a #c%n%$6a #n *!# (#arr%&&an ! ac"i)i(a(

#c%n$ica:a5 D#& #c"%r 'ri$ari%: "ra-a.an #n #c"%r 'ri$ari% (# &a #c%n%$6a:

$in#ra+ '#"r%ra+ agr6c%&a+ gana(#ra/-5 D#& #c"%r #c!n(ari%: %n &a in(!"ria: "#7"i+ c%n"r!c"%ra+

a&i$#n"icia+ $#"a&Brgica/c5 D#& #c"%r "#rciari%: # (#(ican a c%$'rar , )#n(#r -i#n# % (#

#r)ici%: '#&!*!#r6a+ -anc%+ c%$#rci%+ #g!r%/

95 S#gBn #& "i'% ga&:a5 Uni'#r%na: '#r%na 86ica/-5 S%ci#(a(#/

35 S#gBn ! "a$a%:a5 P#*!#a/-5 M#(iana/c5 Gran(#/

45 S#gBn &a 'r%'i#(a( (#& ca'i"a&:a5 P!-&ica/-5 Pri)a(a/c5 Mi7"a/

5 S#gBn #& %rig#n (# ! ca'i"a&:a5 Naci%na&/-5 E7"ran.#ra/c5 Mi7"a/


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P,$#: %n &a '#*!#a , $#(iana #$'r#a+ *!# g#n#ra&$#n"# %n (# "i'%8a$i&iar/ E"a %rganizaci%n# #"2n r#g!&a(a '%r &a #, 944H (%n(# #(#0n#n c%$% PJMES a*!#&&a #$'r#a *!# "#ngan a"a 4@ "ra-a.a(%r# , !nci#r"% $%n"% (# 8ac"!racin #gBn &a ac"i)i(a( *!# (#arr%&n/

A($ini"racin: # &a (ici'&ina ci#n"60ca+ &a "cnica , #& ar"# *!# "i#n#n c%$%

%-.#"i)% #& #"!(i% (# &a %rganizaci%n# 'ara: D#cri-ir&a/ C%$'r#n(#r ! 8!nci%na$i#n"% , ! c%n(!c"a/ Pr#(#cir ! acci%n#/ In!ir #n ! c%$'%r"a$i#n"%/ G#"i%nar ! (#arr%&&%/

E !na (ici'&ina ci#n"60ca '%r*!# #&a-%ra "#%r6a+ $%(#&% # i'"#i %-r#&a %rganizaci%n# !"i&izan(% #& $"%(% ci#n"60c% ;#"!(ia &a r#a&i(a( "ra"an(%(# c%n%c#r&a $#(ian"# &a %-#r)acin5/

E& ar"# # &a a'&icacin (#& c%n%ci$i#n"% *!# (a &a ci#ncia 'ara %-"#n#r &%r#!&"a(% (##a(% #n !na i"!acin/ E #& Ka-#r c$%L a'&icar &%c%n%ci$i#n"% ci#n"60c%/a "cnica "ran8%r$a , %'#ra c%n &a r#a&i(a( a'&ican(% n%r$a ,'r%c#(i$i#n"% %-r# &a -a# (# !n 'r%gra$a %-.#"i)a$#n"# (#0ni(%/

E$#n"% (# &a A($ini"racin15 E0ci#ncia: # &a ca'aci(a( (# r#(!cir a& $6ni$% &a can"i(a( (# r#c!r%

!a(% 'ara a&canzar &% %-.#"i)% % 0n# (# &a %rganizacin/ S# '!#(#ac#r !n a!$#n"% (# &a #0ci#ncia c!an(%: %gra$% incr#$#n"ar &a can"i(a( (# 'r%(!c"% %-"#ni(%

$an"#ni#n(% c%n"an"# #& )%&!$#n (# r#c!r% #$'a(%/ Man"#n#$% c%n"an"# &a can"i(a( (# 'r%(!c"% %-"#ni(%

(i$in!,#n(% &a can"i(a( (# r#c!r% #$'a(%/P%r #.#$'&%+ &% g#r#n"# *!# '!#(#n r#(!cir a& $6ni$% &% c%"% (# &%r#c!r% *!# # n#c#i"an 'ara a&canzar &a $#"a #"2n ac"!an(%#0ci#n"#$#n"#/

95 E0cacia: # &a ca'aci(a( 'ara (#"#r$inar &% %-.#"i)% a'r%'ia(%+ #(#cir+ c!an(% # c%nig!#n &a $#"a *!# # a-6an (#0ni(%/ % (%c%nc#'"%+ #0ci#ncia , #0cacia+ #"2n $!, r#&aci%na(%/ E& i(#a& (#-#c#n"rar# #n #r #0cac# (# &a 8%r$a $2 #0ci#n"# '%i-/

35 Pr%(!c"i)i(a(: # &a r#&acin r#!&"a(% ;'r%(!c"%5 # in!$% (#n"r% (# !n'#ri%(% c%n &a (#-i(a c%ni(#racin (# &a ca&i(a(/ S# '!#(# #7'r#ar #n&a ig!i#n"# 8%r$a:

a 'r%(!c"i)i(a( i$'&ica #0cacia , #0ci#ncia #n #& (##$'#% in(i)i(!a&, %rganizaci%na&/

45 C%%r(inacin (# r#c!r%: 'ara &%grar ! %-.#"i)%+ &a %rganizaci%n#r#*!i#r#n (# !na #ri# (# r#c!r% *!# '#r$i"ir2n a&canzar !%-.#"ic%/ E7i"#n "r# "i'% (# r#c!r%: R#c!r% $a"#ria: (in#r%+ in"a&aci%n# 86ica+ $a*!inaria+

$!#-+ $a"#ria 'ri$a/

PRODUCTI>IDAD RESUTADOSINSUMOS


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R#c!r% "cnic% &% i"#$a+ &% 'r%c#(i$i#n"%+ &% %rganigra$a+in"r!c"i)%/

R#c!r% !$an%: c%n%ci$i#n"%+ #7'#ri#ncia+ $%"i)acin+a'"i"!(#+ ac"i"!(#+ a-i&i(a(#+ '%"#ncia&i(a(#+ #"c/

Para a($ini"rar # r#*!i#r# c%$-inar+ i"#$a"izar , ana&izar #"% "r#"i'% (# r#c!r% *!# in"#r)i#n#n #n #& &%gr% (# !n 0n c%$Bn/

5 Gr!'% %cia&: &a a($ini"racin i#$'r# # (a (#n"r% (# !n gr!'% %cia&+

#n"#n(in(%# '%r gr!'% %cia& a gr!'% (# '#r%na+ #$'r#a+in"i"!ci%n# *!# (# a&g!na 8%r$a c%$'ar"#n &% $i$% %-.#"i)%/ E"##$#n"% # (# gran i$'%r"ancia '%r*!# in & n% # '!#(# (ar &aa($ini"racin/

H5 O-.#"i)%: &a a($ini"racin i#$'r# #"2 #n8%ca(a a &%grar 0n# %r#!&"a(%/ % a($ini"ra(%r# "a$-in "i#n#n $#"a , (#-#n#8%rzar# '%r &%grar&a c%n #& $6ni$% (# r#c!r% % a&canzar&a a"a(%n(# #a '%i- c%n &% r#c!r% (i'%ni-/

P%r *! # i$'%r"an"# #"!(iar a($ini"racin

a 'ri$#ra razn 'ara #"!(iar #"a (ici'&ina # "#n#r in"#r #n $#.%rar &a8%r$a (# a($ini"rar &a %rganizaci%n#+ '%r*!#+ (#n"r% (# #"a+ K"%(%in"#rac"!a$% c%n "%(%L+ "%(% &% (6a/a %rganizaci%n# -i#n a($ini"ra(a a(*!i#r#n #"a-i&i(a(+ cr#c#n ,'r%'#ran &a $a& a($ini"ra(a (#ca#n ,+ $!ca )#c#+ $!#r#n/ A&g!nac%nig!#n r#c!'#rar# (# &a (#ca(#ncia+ in &!gar a (!(a+ '%r*!# !"i&izanr#c!r% a($ini"ra"i)% !$a$#n"# #0cac# a& c%n#g!ir !na -!#naa($ini"racin+ '#r% #"% n% %c!rr# $!, a $#n!(%/En a&gBn $%$#n"% (# n!#"ra )i(a "#n#$% *!# a($ini"rar a&g% % #ra($ini"ra(% '%r a&g!i#n/% a($ini"ra(%r# %n '#r%na )#r2"i , #n"#n(i(a (# "%(a &a 2r#a+

(# !na #$'r#a+ '%r &% "an"%+ r#ci-#n in8%r$acin (# O'#raci%n#+ R#c!r%!$an%+ MarQ#"ing+ C%n"a-i&i(a(+ Finanza+ A($ini"racin G#n#ra&+ C%$#rci%E7"#ri%r+ #n"r# %"ra/a a($ini"racin '%n# a 'r!#-a &a a-i&i(a( *!# '%## ca(a '#r%na 'arar#%&)#r 'r%-$a n!#)%+ (# (i)#ra 6n(% , #n c!a&*!i#r circ!n"ancia/

Pr%c#% -2ic% (# &a A($ini"racinT%(a %rganizacin n#c#i"a #"a-c#r !n 'r%c#% a($ini"ra"i)% *!# 'r%c!r# &a%'"i$izacin #n #& !% (# &% r#c!r% 'r%(!c"i)% , ganar a& "i#$'% , a &ac%$'#"#ncia/a #c!#ncia (# 'a% # (#n%$ina Pr%c#%


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P&an#acin: # &a #g!n(a #"a'a (%n(# "a$-in 'ar"ici'a"i)a$#n"#+(ir#c"i)% , $an(% $#(i% #7a$inan &a i"!acin ac"!a& (# &a #$'r#a+i(#n"i0can(% 8%r"aza+ 8ancia+ a6 c%$% &% r#!&"a(% (##a(% a&"r$in% (# !n '#ri%(%/ E"% c%n&)a (#0nir &% %-.#"i)%+ $#"a+ &a#"ra"#gia n#c#aria , &% "i#$'% r#*!#ri(%/ a '&an#acin c!an(% #ac# 'ar"ici'a"i)a$#n"# 'r%(!c# #n"i(% (# '#r"#n#ncia+ *!# #(#0ni"i)% 'ara *!# #& "ra-a.a(%r # c%$'r%$#"a c%n ! &a-%r , !

#$'a(%r/ Organizacin: # &a #"a'a (%n(# # (i)i(# #& "ra-a.% '%r 2r#a %

(#'ar"a$#n"% (# !na $an#ra c&ara , "a$-in in"#rac"!an"#+ ,aignan(% #& '#r%na& a ca(a !n% (# #&&%+ #'#ci0c2n(% &% r#*!ii"%'ara ca(a carg%+ &a 8!nci%n# *!# (#-#n c!$'&ir+ ! r#'%na-i&i(a(#, aignaci%n# a&aria+ 'ara (irigir &% #8!#rz% acia &% %-.#"i)%+ a6c%$% ! r#'%na-i&i(a(#/ Una %rganizacin in"#&ig#n"# # a*!#&&a *!#"ra-a.a+ n% c%n #$'a(% %n c%n '#r%na c%nci#n"# ,c%$'r%$#"i(a c%n ! *!#ac#r (iari% #n &a #$'r#a/

Dir#ccin: # &a #"a'a (# %ri#n"acin (#& '#r%na& , &% r#c!r%

'r%(!c"i)% acia &a $arca '"i$a+ c%$'r#n(i#n(% #& &i(#razg% (# &%(ir#c"i)%+ &a (#gacin 'ara &a c%%r(inacin (#& "ra-a.%+ &a $%"i)acin(#& '#r%na&+ &a c%$!nicacin %rganizaci%na&+ &a cr#a"i)i(a( , &a$#n"a&i(a( inn%)a(%ra (# &% #*!i'% (# "ra-a.%/ a ca'aci"acin+ #&(#arr%&&% (# #.#c!"i)% , #& -i#n#"ar &a-%ra& inci(#n n%"a-$#n"# #n &a#0ci#ncia , #0cacia %rganizaci%na&/ a c%%r(inacin g#n#ra& (# &a $arca(# &a #$'r#a # (%n(# (#-#n -ri&&ar &% "an"% , a-i&i(a(#g#r#ncia+ #'#cia&$#n"# #n &a #ccin (#& '#r%na&+ #&r#c%n%ci$i#n"% , c#-racin (# &a ca&i(a(+ (%n(# #& #"i$!&% #a !n)#r(a(#r% $%"i)a(%r &a-%ra&/

C%n"r%& , M#.%ra$i#n"% C%n"in!%: #"a #"a'a *!# # &a B&"i$a+ '!#(#

c%n"i"!ir# #n &a 'ri$#ra+ ,a *!# (# ! #7i"%% a)anc# )an !rgi#n(%in8%r$acin , n!#)% c%n%ci$i#n"% #$'r#aria *!# # #nca!anacia n!#)% '&an# , %-.#"i)%/ En 'ri$#r &!gar+ #& c%n"r%& *!# a-arca(#(# #& c2&c!&% (# 'r#!'!#"%+ cr%n%gra$a (# ac"i)i(a(#+ (i#% (#c%n"r% in"#rn%+ #"a-ci$i#n"% (# in(ica(%r#+ 'aan(% '%r r#gi"r%(# (a"% , #"a(6"ica+ #)a&!acin (# (##$'#%+ a"a &gar ar#!&"a(% 'arcia % 0na *!# '#r$i"#n &% an2&ii (# aci#r"% ,(#aci#r"%+ (# ca!a , #8#c"%+ 'ara "%$ar &a (#cii%n# '#r"in#n"#/E& r#!&"a(% na"!ra& (# &% -!#n% c%n"r% # !na -a# (# in8%r$acin'ara #& $#.%ra$i#n"% c%n"in!%/

A($ini"racin c%$% ci#ncia , 'r%8#inJa ana&iza$% *!# &a a($ini"racin # !na (ici'&ina ci#n"60ca+ '#r% # &aa($ini"racin !na 'r%8#inE(gar / Sc#in c%$'ar% &a c!a&i(a(# 'rinci'a (# &% 'r%8#i%na c%n&a (#& g#r#n"#/ En 'ar"ic!&ar #a&a "r# carac"#r6"ica: % 'r%8#i%na -aan ! (#cii%n# #n 'rinci'i% g#n#ra/ a

#7i"#ncia (# ci#r"% 'rinci'i% c%n0a- (# &a a($ini"racin #a()i#r"# #n &% c!r% , #n &% 'r%gra$a (# a(i#"ra$i#n"% 'ara*!i#n# &a #.#rc#n/ Si -i#n &% 'rinci'i% c%$!n# (# &a $a,%r 'ar"# (#&% a($ini"ra(%r# , (# &% "#ric% n% # a'&ican '#r8#c"a$#n"# #n

"%(% &% ca%+ &a 'a!"a 'ar"ic!&ar# $!#"ran gran c%n0a-i&i(a(/ % 'r%8#i%na a(*!i#r#n #"a c%n(icin '%r ! (##$'#%+ n% '%r

8a)%ri"i$% ni %"r% 8ac"%r# a.#n% a& "ra-a.% #n c!#"in/ P%r (#gracia+#n &a 'r2c"ica &% a($ini"ra(%r# c%nig!#n a )#c# '%ici%n#


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g#r#ncia gracia a ! r#&aci%n# c%n '#r%na #n #& '%(#r % '%r %"r%8ac"%r# a.#n% a& "ra-a.%/ A(#$2+ n% #7i"# !n c%n#n% %-r# &%cri"#ri% %-.#"i)% c%n &% c!a .!zgar ! (##$'#% g#r#ncia&/ Da( a &ac%$'.i(a( (# &% 8ac"%r# *!# #n"ran #n ! "ra-a.%+ # $2 (i86ci& .!zgara &% g#r#n"# *!# '%r #.#$'&% a &% a-%ga(% % cir!.an%/

% 'r%8#i%na (#-#n g%-#rnar# '%r !n c(ig% #"ric"% (# "ica *!#'r%"#.a a ! c&i#n"#/ D#-i(% a& c%n%ci$i#n"% #7'#r"% *!# '%## #&

'r%8#i%na& #n !n 2r#a #'#c60ca+ &% c&i#n"# &% n#c#i"an ,+ #nc%n#c!#ncia+ # a&&an #n !na '%icin )!&n#ra-/ Sc#in a0r$a *!#"%(a)6a n% # #&a-%ra !n c(ig% "ic% (# &a a($ini"racin/Sc#in c%nc&!,% *!#+ a"#n(i#n(% a a&g!n% cri"#ri%+ &a a($ini"racin #!na 'r%8#in+ '#r% *!# n% &% # #gBn %"r% cri"#ri%/ En #& $%$#n"%ac"!a& a()#r"i$% $!c% ign% (# *!# # #"2 a)anzan(% a !n $a,%r'r%8#i%na&i$%+ "an"% #n &a %rganizaci%n# &!cra"i)a c%$% #n &a n%&!cra"i)a/ a 'r#i%n# %cia (#& $%$#n"% 'ar#c#n #"arin"#ni0can(% #& c%n%ci$i#n"% (# &a n%r$a "ica/ E& (#arr%&&% (# &a#n#anza 8%r$a& (# &a a($ini"racin #n &a #c!#&a (# '%"ra(% , #n&% 'r%gra$a (# (#arr%&&% 'ara #.#c!"i)% #"2 (i8!n(i#n(% !n ac#r)%(# c%n%ci$i#n"% , #n#anza (# &a "cnica *!# carac"#rizan #&'r%8#i%na&i$%/

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