las lineas de transmision en base a superconductores

7/24/2019 Las Lineas de Transmision en Base a Superconductores

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LAS LINEAS DE TRANSMISION EN BASE ASUPERCONDUCTORES

REPBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA

MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIN SUPERIOR

INTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO DE TECNOLOGA

DR. FEDERICO RIVERO PALACIO

REGIN CAPAPITAL

INGENIERIA. ELCTRICA

TEORIA ELECTROMAGNETICA

LAS LINEAS DE TRANSMISION EN BASEA SUPERCONDUCTORES

Facilitador:

Ing. Je! M"#o$


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Partici%ante:

Edgar C&rdena C.I. '().**+.+,-

Edgar Rico C.I. '(,.++-.*)*

Jai/e Benco/o C.I. '(0.1)+.*2

Caraca3 J"lio de -4

INTRODUCCION

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INDICE

INTRODUCCION;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;..ii


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-*b"(!. El &0,o&$ -,!2-l $ !*%&-!2&- ,&3!",- '2%&,o($2,!o&- lo !"(( lo'

,2%&-!o' b-'-$o' ( l*(!o *&,2&"o 6 $o%-$o' ,o( )lo&5 12 -l,-(9-( lo' ? ;

?H C< - %&'"( -*b"(! 6 lo' ? ;?@ C< b-jo %&'"o(' ,&,-(-' - l-' .

-!*')&-'.


13/38

TIPOS DE SUPERCONDUCTORES

Seg!n co/%oici6n ?"5/ica

Po$*o' $"#"$"& lo' *-!&"-l' '2%&,o($2,!o&' ,o(o,"$o' ( ,2-(!o - '2

Co*%o'","( 123*",- ( !&' /&-($' /&2%o'.

El*(!o' *!8l",o' 12 %&'(!-( '!- %&o%"$-$. No o)&,( /&-($'

%o'"b"l"$-$' $ -%l",-,"o(' %&8,!",-'

Al-,"o('5 ,o*%2'!o' "(!&*!8l",-' 6 '*",o($2,!o&'. L-' -l-,"o(' ,o(!"(

( l*(!o' $ !&-('","( ,o*o l NbZ&5 NbT" 6 MoR. Lo' ,o*%2'!o'

"(!&*!8l",o' %&'(!-( 2( ,-*%o *-/(0!",o ,&3!",o *26 l#-$o ;? O

?@?? A#*


14/38

Seg!n co/%orta/iento al ca/%o /agn7tico

Lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' ' ,l-'")",-(5 '/( '2 ,o*%o&!-*"(!o )&(! -l ,-*%o

M-/(0!",o -%l",-$o5 ,o*o '2%&,o($2,!o&' $ !"%o I 6 $ !"%o II.

Lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' $ !"%o I5 !-*b"0( ,o(o,"$o' ,o*o '2%&,o($2,!o&' bl-($o'5

%&'(!-( 2( #-lo& $ T, 6 $ J, b-jo' ;-123 l o&"/( $ bl-($o'< %-&- ,2-l12"&

-%l",-,"( %&8,!",-. E'!o' 'o( ,o($2,!o&' %&),!o' $ l- l,!&","$-$ %o& $b-jo $

T,5 %&o %"&$( '2 %&o%"$-$ - 2( #-lo& ,&3!",o $l ,-*%o *-/(0!",o %o& $b-jo $

?H O ;?? A#*


15/38

E'!- %&o%"$-$ $ +%2l'"( $ 2( ,-*%o *-/(0!",o ( l '!-$o $

'2%&,o($2,,"( &,"b l (o*b& $ E),!o M"''(&.

A'35 lo' ,-*%o' *-/(0!",o' &'2l!-( &,7-9-$o' $l "(!&"o& $l '2%&,o($2,!o&

$b"$o - l- )o&*-,"( $ ,o&&"(!' $ '2%&)",". L- *-/(!"9-,"( $ 2(

'2%&,o($2,!o& ' o%o( -l ,-*%o *-/(0!",o +!&(o5 6 l- '2',%!"b"l"$-$ *-/(0!",-

!"( 2( #-lo& (/-!"#o *8+"*o. E'!o '"/(")",- 12 2( '2%&,o($2,!o& +7"b 2(

$"-*-/(!"'*o %&),!o5 lo ,2-l ' 2(- %&o%"$-$ '(,"-l $l '!-$o '2%&,o($2,!o&.

Lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' $l !"%o I 'o( %o,o !"l' %-&- !&-('%o&!-& l- ,o&&"(!

l0,!&",-5 6- 12 l- ,o&&"(! 'lo %2$ )l2"& %o& l- ,-%- '2%&)","-l +!&(- $ 2(-*2'!&- ,o($2,!o&-. L- &-9( %o& l- ,2-l '2,$ '!o ' 12 l ,-*%o *-/(0!",o 'olo

%2$ %(!&-& l- ,-%- '2%&)","-l5 6 l- ,o&&"(! 'lo %2$ )l2"& %o& '!- ,-%-.


16/38

Lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' $ !"%o II ' ,o*%o&!-( $ )o&*- $")&(! -(! 2( ,-*%o

M-/(0!",o - !*%&-!2&-' %o& $b-jo $ l- !*%&-!2&- ,&3!",-.

Co*%o&!-*"(!o $ 2( S2%&,o($2,!o& T"%o I

Co*%o&!-*"(!o $ 2( S2%&,o($2,!o& T"%o II

E'!o' '2%&,o($2,!o&' 'o( $"-*-/(0!",o'5 ,o*o lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' $ !"%o I57-'!- 2( #-lo& $ 2( ,-*%o *-/(0!",o -%l",-$o ll-*-$o ,-*%o ,&3!",o "()&"o& J,?5 6

$ '! *o$o l )l2jo *-/(0!",o ' &,7-9-$o $l *-!&"-l. Po& (,"*- $ J,? l ,-*%o

*%"9- - %(!&-& ( l '2%&,o($2,!o& $ !"%o II 6 ,o(!"(2- -'3 7-'!- 12 -l,-(9- l

,-*%o ,&3!",o '2%&"o& J,. E( l "(!-lo (!& J,? 6 J, l '2%&,o($2,!o& '!8 (

'!-$o *"+!o5 ;#&!",< 6 %o& (,"*- $ J, #2l# - '2 '!-$o (o&*-l.

E( lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' $ !"%o II5 %o& $b-jo $ J,?5 lo' ,-*%o' *-/(0!",o' '

,o*%o&!-( $ "/2-l *-(&- 12 ( l !"%o I. S"( *b-&/o5 '" l ,-*%o ' (,2(!&-

(!& J,? 6 J, ;'!-$o *"+!o


17/38

'!&2,!2&- - b-' $ #&!",' $ '2%&,o&&"(! ,ol-%'- 6 l *-!&"-l #2l# - '2 '!-$o

$ l- ,o($2,,"( (o&*-l.

E( l- &/"( ,o*%&($"$- (!& J,? 6 J, l '2%&,o($2,!o& %2$ ,o($2,"&

,o&&"(! l0,!&",- $(!&o $l (,lo $l *-!&"-l 6 $ '!- )o&*-5 $",7- b-($- $#-lo&' $l ,-*%o *-/(0!",o %2$ '& 2'-$- %-&- '2%&,o($2,!o&' $ -l!o ,-*%o 6

-l!- ,o&&"(!5 ,o*o %o& j*%lo l N"T" 6 N"Sb 12 'o( '2%&,o($2,!o&' $l !"%o II.

E(!o(,' l ),!o M"''(& ' # -l!&-$o %o& l #-lo& $l ,-*%o *-/(0!",o

-%l",-$o5 %o& l !"%o $ *-!&"-l $l 12 '!8 7,7o l '2%&,o($2,!o&5 %&o !-*b"0( '

# -),!-$o %o& o!&-' #-&"-bl' *(o' #"$(!'5 ,o*o l- )o&*- $l '2%&,o($2,!o&5 l

!-*->o 6 l- %&'(,"- $ "*%2&9-'.

Seg!n la te/%erat"ra cr5tica

D'$ 12 l- '2%&,o($2,!"#"$-$ )2 $',2b"&!- ( ???5 l- b'12$- $ (2#o'

'2%&,o($2,!o&' ,o( T, *-6o&5 )2 2( &!o.

El )3'",o '!-$o2("$(' $ o&"/( -l*8( B. M-!!7"-' ' $'!-, ,o*o 2(o $ lo'

*8' -,!"#o' ( '! ,-*%o5 $'-&&oll-($o -l-,"o(' 6 ,o*%2'!o' '2%&,o($2,!o&'

,o( /&-($' ,-*%o' 6 ,o&&"(!' ,&3!",-' 6 -2*(!-($o l-' !*%&-!2&-' ,&3!",-'5

-2(12 0'!-' (2(,- ll/-&o( - '& *26 -l!-'. Lo' !&-b-jo' $ M-!!7"-' ll#-&o( ( ?@

-l $'-&&ollo $ 2( *-!&"-l ,o*%2'!o %o& ("ob"o ;Nb< 6 /&*-("o ;Go'

l &,o&$ $ -l!- !*%&-!2&- ,&3!",- ( *-!&"- $ '2%&,o($2,!"#"$-$ -2(12 !o$-#3-

+"/3- 12 lo' *-!&"-l' )2&-( ()&"-$o' - l- !*%&-!2&- $l 7l"o l312"$o ;Q5


18/38

E'!o o,-'"o( 2( /&-( -b-&-!-*"(!o $ lo' ,o'!o' ( l '!2$"o $ '!o' *-!&"-l'

6- 12 l ("!&/(o l312"$o ' $"9 #,' *8' b-&-!o 12 l 7l"o l312"$o -'3 ,o*o l$',2b&"*"(!o $ '!o' *-!&"-l' )2 2( %-'o "*%o&!-(! %o&12 ' ,o*(9 -

%('-& ( -%l",-,"o(' $ lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' - /&-( ',-l-5 -b&"($o l- '%&-(9- -

l- +"'!(,"- $ *-!&"-l' '2%&,o($2,!o&' - !*%&-!2&- -*b"(!5 lo 12

'2%o($&3- 2(- ol2,"( ( l- "($2'!&"- $l '"/lo I.

L- *-6o& $'#(!-j- $ '!o' *-!&"-l' JTSC ' '2 ,o*%o'","( ,&8*",-5 lo 12

lo 7-, %o,o -%&o%"-$o %-&- )-b&",-& %o& j*%lo ,-bl' *$"-(! $)o&*-,"(

%l8'!",-5 12 '&3- ( %&"(,"%"o l 2'o *8' ob#"o $ '! !"%o $ *-!&"-l'. S"(

*b-&/o ' 7-( $'-&&oll-$o !0,(",-' (2#-' %-&- l- )-b&",-,"( $ ,"(!-' ,o*o IBAD;$%o'","( -'"'!"$- *$"-(! 7-9 $ "o('< *$"-(! l- ,2-l ' 7-( lo/&-$o ,-bl' $

lo(/"!2$' *-6o&' $ ? "l*!&o.

ECUACIONES DE LONDON

L-' ,2-,"o(' $ M-+Kll "*%l",-( 12 2( ,-*%o *-/(0!",o -%l",-$o 12 #-&"- ,o(

l !"*%o "($2, 2( ,-*%o l0,!&",o. E( 2( '2%&,o($2,!o&5 '! ,-*%o l0,!&",o $-

2( -2*(!o $ ,o&&"(!' %&'"'!(!' $(o*"(-$-' '2%&,o&&"(!'5 l-' ,2-l' 'o(-(8lo/-' - l-' ,o&&"(!' $ Fo2,-2l! "($2,"$-' ( *!-l' (o&*-l'. E'!-'

'2%&,o&&"(!' /(&-( 2( ,-*%o *-/(0!",o 12 ' o%o( -l ,-*%o -%l",-$o ( l

"(!&"o& $l *-!&"-l5 +-,!-*(! ,-(,l-($o l )l2jo *-/(0!",o '" l ,-*%o -%l",-$o

' '2)","(!*(! $0b"l. E'!- !o!-l +%2l'"( $l )l2jo *-/(0!",o "(!&(o ' ,o(o,"$-


19/38

,o*o l ),!o M"''(&O,7'()l$ 6 o,2&& '"*%& 12 l- %o!(,"- $l ,-*%o

-%l",-$o '! %o& $b-jo $ 2( #-lo& ,&"!",o B,.

Db"$o - 12 l ,-*%o *-/(0!",o $(!&o $l ,o($2,!o& ' ,&o5 lo'

'2%&,o($2,!o&' 'o( ,o('"$&-$o' ,o*o $"-*-/(0!",o' %&),!o'. E( l- '2%&)"," $l'2%&,o($2,!o& 7-6 2( $',('o +%o((,"-l $l ,-*%o *-/(0!",o. E' l- %&o)2($"$-$

$ %(!&-,"( $ Lo($o( l- 12 ,2-(!")",- '! $',('o.

L- !o&3- $ Lo($o( &l-!"#- -l ,o*%o&!-*"(!o l,!&o*-/(0!",o $ lo'

'2%&,o($2,!o&' %&o%o( ,2-,"o(' b-'-$-' ( l *o$lo $ $o' )l2"$o' %-&-

+%l",-& l ),!o M"''(&O,7'()l$ 6 %&$", l- %&o)2($"$-$ $ %(!&-,"( $l

,-*%o *-/(0!",o $(!&o $l ,o($2,!o&. Co*o 6- 7*o' $",7o l ,-*%o $"'*"(26

+%o((,"-l*(! $(!&o $l '2%&,o($2,!o&5 ,o( 2(- lo(/"!2$ ,-&-,!&3'!",- $

$"'*"(2,"( L $(o*"(-$- %&o)2($"$-$ $ %(!&-,"(.

El *o$lo $ lo' $o' )l2"$o' )2 o&"/"(-l*(! $'-&&oll-$o %-&- (!($& l-'

%&o%"$-$' $ '2%&)l2"$o $l 7l"o. E'! *o$lo ,o('"$&-($o lo' 8!o*o' $l 7l"o

( $o' '!-$o'5 2(- )&-,,"( $ llo' ( '!-$o (o&*-l 6 l &'!o ( '!-$o

,o($('-$o Bo'E"('!"(5 +%l",- l-' +!&-o&$"(-&"-' %&o%"$-$' $ '2%&)l2"$o $l

7l"o. E( ?Q5 Go&!& 6 C-'"*& -%l",-&o( '! *o$lo - l- '2%&,o($2,!"#"$-$5

b8'",-*(! $)"("($o l- $('"$-$ l,!&(",- ,o*o ( (( (' $o($ (( 6 ('

&%&'(!-( l-' $('"$-$' l,!&(",-' $l '!-$o (o&*-l 6 l- $l '!-$o

'2%&,o($2,!o& &'%,!"#-*(!. Po& l!"*o5 l *o$lo %&*"! *-(j-& $ *-(&-$")&(! lo' l,!&o(' (o&*-l' 6 '2%&,o($2,!o&' ,2-($o ' %&!($ ob!(& l-'

%&o%"$-$' $ lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&'.

Ec"acione de Ma@ell

El '!2$"o $ lo' ,-*%o' l,!&o*-/(0!",o' %2$ '& ,-&-,!&"9-$o ,o*%l!-*(!

%o& *$"o $ ,"(,o *-/("!2$' #,!o&"-l' 6 2(- *-/("!2$ ',-l-&4

C-*%o l0,!&",o ;o "(!('"$-$ l0,!&",--$o&' $ ,-bl' LTSC -(!"/2o' !(3-( 12 ()&(!-& l ,o'!o $

&)&"/&-,"( $ 7l"o5 ,o( 2(- *2l!- $ ,-'" Q %o& #-!"o $ ,-lo& &*o#"$o.

S/2($o5 l-' ,-%-,"$-$' $l '"'!*-' )2&o( ,olo,-$o' ( -l!o' ("#l' (

-(!","%-,"( -l ,&,"*"(!o ,o(!"(2-$o 6 ,o(o*3-' $ b-l-(9- ;$ lo' ->o' ?H 6

?@Ho' $ ,-bl' 12 (o %o$&3-( 2'-& ,o(,%!o' $l ,-bl

,o(#(,"o(-l' 6 *-!&"-l'5 $b"$o - l- (,'"$-$ $ &$2,"& %0&$"$-' 7*",-' 6 $

$"l0,!&",o -l *3("*o -b'ol2!o. Lo' $"'>o' $ ,-bl DC &-( $"&,!o'5 %o&12 7-6 ,&o

%0&$"$-' 7*",-' 6 l- $"'%&'"( $l $"l0,!&",o ' "('"/(")",-(!. El %&obl*- $


36/38

%0&$"$- %-&- lo' ,-bl' $ DC &- ,o(!&ol-& l- )2/- ( ,-lo&5 lo' ,o(,%!o' $ DC !(3-(

*(o' &)&(-*"(!o'5 6 lo' !&-b-jo' %-&- $'-&&oll-& ,-bl' LTSC $ DC %&o%2'"&o(

#-&"o' ,o(,%!o' $")&(!' !o$o' $ lo' ,2-l' &-( 7-'!- ,"&!o %2(!o #"-bl'.

CONCLUSIONES

L-' l3(-' $ !&-('*"'"( l0,!&",-' %o'( ,o($2,!o&' 12 o)&,( /&-(

&'"'!(,"-5 l ,2-l %&*"! 12 lo -!&-#"' l-' l3(-' $ )l2jo *-/(0!",o ,&-($o 2(

,-*%o *-/(0!",o 12 - '2 #9 %&o$2, 2( -2*(!o $ l- !*%&-!2&- $l ,o($2,!o&5

%o& ),!o jo2l5 ,o(#"&!"($o l- (&/3- l0,!&",- ( ,-lo& l- ,2-l ' 2(- (&/3-

%&$"$-5 ' $,"& 12 (o ' 2!"l"9-. A *$"$- 12 ' )2&o( &-l"9-($o '!2$"o' 6

+%&"*(!o' - !&-#0' $ -l-,"o(' 123*",-' $ *-!&"-l' ' 7-( $',2b"&!o (2#o'*-!&"-l' 12 (o %&o$2,( %&$"$-' ,o*o 'o( lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&'5 l ,2-l o)&,

2(- b-j- &'"'!(,"- l0,!&",- %o& '2 ,o*%o'","( ( )o&*- $ %-&' $ l,!&o('. E'!o

%&*"! 12 l )l2jo *-/(0!",o %&o$2,"$o %o& l- (&/3- l0,!&",- 12 !&-('%o&!- (o

-!&-#"' l ,o($2,!o&5 6 %&8,!",-*(! '2 ,-*%o *-/(0!",o ' ,&o5 %o& lo !-(!o l-'

%&$"$-' ( lo' ,o($2,!o&' %o& ),!o jo2l '-( %&8,!",-*(! $'%&,"-bl'.

A %'-& $ lo -#-(9-$- 12 &'2l!- l- !,(olo/3- $ lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&'5 6 $ lo

)","(! 12 %2$"' &'2l!-& '2 2'o5 '! -2( '!8 *26 ljo' $ '2'!"!2"& l-' l3(-' $

!&-('*"'"( ,o(#(,"o(-l' -,!2-l' %o&12 l ,o'!o ,o(*",o ( l- l-bo&-,"( $'! !"%o $ '2%&,o($2,!o&' ' *26 '2%&"o& - l-' %0&$"$-' $ (&/3- o,-'"o(-$-'

%o& l 2'o $ l-' l3(-' $ !&-('*"'"( -,!2-l'.

A2( -'3 ' 7-( $'-&&oll-$o' %12>o' %&o6,!o' - ("#l *2($"-l5 ()o,-$o' *8'

12 (-$- - l- !&-('*"'"( ( ,o&&"(! $"&,!- o ,o(!"(2-5 ;$, o ,,o' - lo' '&' #"#o'5 ,2-($o ' !&-!- $ -l!o' #ol!-j'5 ,o( l


37/38

2'o $ lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' '!o' $->o' $'-%-&,&3-( %&8,!",-*(!5 ' $,"& l 2'o

$ lo' '2%&,o($2,!o&' %&*"!"&3- 12 lo' ,-*%o' *-/(0!",o 6 l0,!&",o' %&o$2,"$o'

%o& ),!o =o2l ' *"("*"9-&-(5 '"($o *(o' %l"/&o'o - lo' '&' #"#o'.

REFERENCIAS BIBLIO=RAFICAS

=o'0 Alb&!o D3-9 G-&,3-5 ;


38/38

las lineas de transmision en base a superconductores

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