kf26_esp2

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

1/40

Foro del CobreRevista paRa el cobRe en el sectoR de la constRuccion 26/2009

Edifcios de viviendas en

Frederikskaj, Copenhague

Cobre nuevo para la

catedral de Roskilde

Accordia, un proyecto

de viviendas britnico

Importante edifcio

deportivo en Budapest

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

2/40

Como siempre nos hemos esorzado en encontrar

por Europa nuevos proyectos de inters en los que

el cobre se haya utilizado creativamente. En este

nmero, presentamos proyectos de renovacin y

restauracin, y tambin de obra nueva, tanto pe-

quea como grande. El arquitecto Chris Hodson

nos lleva a Cambridge, Inglaterra, para visitar el

proyecto Accordia, tan bien acogido por la crtica.

En estos edicios de viviendas, en muchos aspec-

tos excepcionales, el cobre orma parte del limitado

abanico de materiales que constituyen el concepto

bsico del diseo exterior, y en el que se dio una

gran importancia a los aspectos medioambientales.

Tambin nos detenemos en Copenhague para exa-

minar el nuevo barrio residencial Fredrikskaj, situa-do junto a uno de los muchos canales de la ciudad.

Aqu, adems, tendr la oportunidad de conocer

una restauracin de iglesia espectacular. La catedral

de Roskilde en Dinamarca, vuelve a mostrar con

orgullo una nueva y bella cubierta de cobre.

La turbulencia global en la economa durante el pasado

ao ha infuido poderosamente en el coste de la mayora

de los metales. Por ejemplo, en comparacin con hace

un ao el precio del cobre ha descendido a una tercera

parte. En el artculo de Nordea en la pgina 34 encon-

trar ms inormacin sobre los precios de los metales.

El prximo otoo llega otra vez el momento de elegir

un ganador del premio European Copper Award. En

la pgina 13 hallar inormacin abundante sobre e

concurso. Aproveche la oportunidad para presentar su

proyecto con cobre en este gran oro internacional par-

ticipando en el European Copper Award 2009. Buena

suerte!

Con mucho gusto puede ponerse en contacto con nues

tra redaccin con comentarios sobre los artculos, o squiere darnos a conocer nuevos proyectos de inters.

Le deseamos una lectura agradable!

Lennart Engstrm, Editor

Foro del Cobre, Abril 2009

Foro del Cobre orma parte de la actual Campaa Europea del Cobre en la Arquitectura y aparece dos veces al ao conuna diusin de 20.000 ejemplares.

La revista se distribuye a arquitectos y proesionales de la industria de la construccin en Rusia, Polonia, Dinamarca,Noruega, Suecia, Finlandia, Hungra, Repblica Checa, Espaa y Reino Unido.

Editor: Lennart Engstrm, tel +46 706574734, ax +46 21198704, [email protected]

Direccion: Copper Forum c/o Cupori AB, Metallverksgatan 5, Box 510, SE-721 09 Vsters, Sweden

Editor: Lennart Engstrm, Cupori AB,

Presentacion y produccion tcnica: Naula Grafsk Design/M Reklam

Impresion: Intellecta Inolog 2009, Suecia

Direccion de editorial:Mogens Praestegaard, DK +45 4028 5157 [email protected] Svedman, SE +46 2119 82 50 hakan.s [email protected] Rudidalen, NO +47 2324 7469 [email protected] Numminen, FI +358 40 093 7547 [email protected] Miettinen, FI +358 9 584 00 166 [email protected] Savola, FI +358 26266111 [email protected] Zhigalina, RU +7 81 2320 2050 [email protected] Ionov, RU +7 09 5787 2792 [email protected] Sawicki, PL +48 (22)8258252 [email protected] Zakrzewski, PL +48 717812504 [email protected] Pinter, CZ +36 12664810 [email protected] Kratochvle, CZ +42 0261122542 [email protected] Robinson, UK +44 (0)1992511117 robbie.r obinson@luvat a.comChris Hodson, UK +44 (0)1242 702741 chris@ hodsons.comVictoria Gregorio, ES + 34 91 772 48 60 [email protected]

Bienvenido a un nuevo nmero de Foro del Cobre

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

3/40

3COPPER FORUM 26/09

NDICE

4 El cobre en obras de restauracin

6 Cobre por dentro y por uera

8 Piscina en edicio de cristal y cobre

10 Edicios de viviendas en Frederikskaj, Copenhague

13 Call or Awards Entries

14 New Copper or Roskilde Cathedral

18 5 Botanicheskaya Street, hotel, Moscow

19 Seven-storey oce block, Moscow

20 Project de Jonas ROC Hengelo, The Netherlands

22 A major sports building in Budapest, Hungary

24 A new paradigm or urban housing

32 Family House in Lelekovice

34 Metal Market Update February Copper

36 Domus GaudiumThird Student Union Building

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

4/40

4 COPPER FORUM 26/09

Con cobre es ms rentable

El cobre en obras de restauracin

El mundo est repleto de edicios que debe-

ran restaurarse. Se dice recuentemente que

los motivos de retrasar las obras son la alta

de dinero y el alto precio de los materiales.

Ahora que el paro crece con mayor celeridad

que nunca se necesitan medios eectivos para

reorientar la coyuntura. La construccin es

uno de los ramos ms duramente aectados

y tras una poca de auge sure una baja muy

pronunciada. Las autoridades estatales de

Finlandia han aplicado medidas para com-batir el problema y el gobierno ha dedica-

do recursos nancieros a obras de reorma

y restauracin. Muchas constructoras estn

estudiando aprovechar esta posibilidad. Es

preciso tomar decisiones rpidas, puesto que

hay una echa tope para recibir ayuda estatal,

la cual estipula que las obras deben ponerse

en marcha a nal de ao. Ahora una pronta

toma de decisiones puede ahorrar dinero de

varias maneras: las tasas de inters son bajas,

los materiales econmicos, se puede obtener

personal cualicado rpidamente y pueden

solicitarse subvenciones y ayudas.

El cobre es econmico

El precio del cobre como materia prima ha

descendido a aproximadamente una terce-

ra parte de lo que costaba hace apenas un

ao. Su alto coste, una dura competencia y

grandes stocks redujeron la demanda. Mu-

chos compradores potenciales renunciabana comprar este metal debido a su alto precio,

pero ahora, nalmente, vuelve a ser mucho

ms asequible. Por tanto, son muchas las

buenas razones para recomendar nuevamen-

te su uso y compra.

El desarrollo de productos de cobre desti-

nados a la construccin de edicios ha sido

muy rpido. Antes, slo se vendan paneles

y chapa, y el trabajo de instalacin exiga

operarios cualicados. Los avanzados pro-

ductos de hoy son ciles de instalar y se dis-

pone de varios acabados de supercie alter-

nativos, desde cobre liso a diversos perles

y cassettes. ambin puede obtenerse cobre

como malla y material perorado. Actual-

mente este metal no se reconoce necesaria-

mente por su color, puesto que dependiendo

del producto pueden obtenerse tonos desde

dorado a un bello azul. Para crear obras

maestras de cobre la pericia tradicional si-gue siendo una cualidad necesaria. Un hbil

dominio de la proesin es una gran ventaja,

y los operarios de chapa que verdaderamente

conocen su tarea siempre han sido capaces

de transormar el cobre en obras de arte de

interminables gamas de ormas y colores.

La economa mundial est pasando una poca dicil. Pero las malas noticias tambin suelen tener un lado positivo.Se ha estado hablando de recesin y crisis durante tanto tiempo que este tema ya no es una sorpresa para nadie. En

todos los pases del mundo se aplican planes de estmulo y recuperacin, que sin embargo parece que desapareci-

eran en un abismo. Quedan pocos adivinos que se atrevan a pronosticar la duracin de la crisis, pero ms pronto o

ms tarde tocar ondo y podremos empezar a mirar hacia el uturo con optimismo

Texto: Hannele Numminen

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

5/40

5COPPER FORUM 26/09

Fachada de un edifcio de viviendasrenovada con cobre

Como ya se ha mencionado antes, hoy el uso de co-

bre es econmico en obras de restauracin, y por ello

constituye una slida inversin a largo plazo. En un

gran edicio de siete plantas de Pori, Finlandia, con

locales comerciales en la planta baja, se tena que

cambiar el aislamiento, lo cual comportaba la de-molicin de su antigua achada. Debido a que origi-

nalmente el edicio se haba proyectado con achada

de cobre, se tom la decisin de sustituir el material

antiguo por cobre. En las obras se utilizaron aproxi-

madamente 1 000 kg de eje liso de 0,6 mm.

El abundante uso de cobre en la achada da un as-

pecto magnco al edicio de siete plantas. Los per-

les de este metal entre las ventanas y su antepecho

se disearon y abricaron a medida en un taller de

chapa. Las bandas horizontales de cobre coneren

a la achada un acabado distinguido. Se dejaron pe-

queos huecos cerca de las ventanas para aseguraruna buena ventilacin. ambin se utiliz mucho

cobre en las paredes y en molduras y tubos de ba-

jantes. El material se j a sustratos de madera con

tornillos de acero inoxidable. Los paneles de cobre

se instalaron en la pared delantera del ala comercial

con una conguracin similar a tablas horizontales

solapadas. Los perles detrs de los letreros de publi-

cidad tambin son de cobre. Adems, se usa cobre en

los balcones y en distintas molduras.

Las obras de este proyecto se realizaron prcticamen-

te en plataormas elevadoras o hidrulicas y, debido a

que el edicio est situado en el centro de la ciudad,se tuvo que dedicar una atencin especial a la segu-

ridad. Se construyeron techos de proteccin para los

peatones. Las obras ocuparon unos seis meses y ya

estn terminadas. El color marrn oscuro del cobre,

en combinacin con el tono claro de la pared, crea

un eecto equilibrado y armonioso. En los edicios

vecinos tambin se usa cobre, lo cual conere a todo

el bloque un aspecto coordinado.

Alto precio de la chatarra de cobre

La poca de las obras no ue perecta considerando el

alto precio del cobre. Sin embargo, tambin era ele-

vado el precio de la chatarra de cobre, lo cual com-pens el del cobre nuevo. Se recicl la chapa vieja,

con lo que se redujo asimismo el impacto medioam-

biental. El cobre normalmente no precisa renovacin

o mantenimiento, pero si hay necesidad de sustituir-

lo debido a cuestiones de aislamiento, como en este

caso, el cobre viejo siempre puede venderse.Proyecto arquitectnico de los trabajos con cobre:Architecture Ruissalo Eeva Oy

Ingeniero consultor: Erkki Anttila Oy

Trabajo con chapa: Peltisepnliike KT Thtinen Oy

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

6/40


Per Olav Berg

Photo: Trond Joelson

Cobre por dentro y por ueraEl edicio de la Conederacin de Empresas de Noruega (NHO)

en Majorstua, Oslo, se construy a mediados de la dcada

de 1960. El pasado 1 de noviembre nalizaron las obras de

reorma y ampliacin, en las que se usaron 50 toneladas

de cobre en los revestimientos de las achadas y

paredes interiores. Para los trabajos con chapa

de este metal la empresa Erling Freitag AS,

de Tnsberg, utiliz deliberadamente un

grupo de operarios jvenes, dndoles

una responsabilidad considerable.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

7/40

7COPPER FORUM 26/09

La achada de cobre del edicio de NHO reciente-

mente renovado se caracteriza por ranjas de 50

cm, ormadas por paneles de 1,2 mm de Nordic

Green Living 1, de Luvata. La chapa de cobre est sujeta

por piezas de soporte ocultas y posee molduras perla-

das para darle un mayor realce. Este detalle se mantie-

ne por las achadas de cristal y las paredes interiores

de las escaleras y vestbulos, donde los paneles de co-bre estn montados en columnas de la misma anchura

que las molduras perladas externas.

Varias de las ocinas y salas de reunin estn revesti-

das de cobre. Un aspecto importante eran las medicio-

nes de la dimensin de chapa precisa, que los operarios

deban hacer con la mxima exactitud antes de cortarla

en la brica de Tnsberg.

En la ase inicial, cuando principalmente trabajba-

mos en el interior, lo importante era cortar el cobre a la

dimensin exacta. El grupo de operarios jvenes saladiariamente de Tnsberg a las 5 de la maana, empeza-

ba a trabajar a las 7, y regresaba a Tnsberg a las 6 de la

tarde. All, abricaban las piezas de cobre hasta las 10

de la noche, regresaban a su casa para dormir algo, y al

da siguiente partan nuevamente para Oslo a las 5 de la

maana. Esto no lo pueden hacer operarios casados,

dice Svein Freitag. Es por ello que asignamos el trabajo

del proyecto del edicio de NHO a personal joven, y les

dimos una gran responsabilidad.

Asumiendo ms responsabilidad han aprendido mucho.

Creo que es ventajoso y que contribuye a dar madurez a

los jvenes, dice Svein Freitag, que como promedio ha

tenido en la obra 3-4 personas durante las 34 semanas

del proyecto.

En los trabajos se usaron como mnimo 50 toneladas de

cobre. En el interior de los nuevos locales de ocinas

tambin hay muchos elementos de cobre, especialmen-

te en los vestbulos y reas comunes. Incluso la chime-

nea de gas del hall est revestida de cobre.

Durante el curso de un proyecto de construccin hay

varias cosas que se deben tener en cuenta. El complejo

de NHO ha ampliado el espacio para ocinas e incor-

porado nuevas plantas. Estamos satisechos de poder

mostrar la alta calidad proesional de los trabajos de

chapa en este tipo de edicios, dice Svein Freitag.

La sede central de la Conederacin de Empresas de Noruega, en Oslo, ha sidoobjeto de extensas obras de renovacin.

1.Uso abundante de cobre en el revestimiento de paredes interiores.

2. La achada de cobre tiene ranjas de 50 cm d e ancho con molduras perfladas.

3. Las paredes interiores de las reas comunes estn decor adas con cobre.

4. Detalle del diseo de la achada de cobre.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

8/40


Photo. Pia Snstrd

Per Olav Berg

Piscina en edifcio

de cristal y cobrePronto los chndals se cambiarn por trajes de bao.

En septiembre abre sus puertas la nueva piscina

cubierta de Marienlyst, en Drammen, Noruega.

La empresa Buskerud Blikk & Montasje AS ha

participado en la construccin de este edicio de

11 000 metros cuadrados, un ascinante proyecto en

el que se han usado 12 toneladas de cobre.

El lado orientado al norte, con ventanas especialmente abricadas, d e un diseo original. Trond-Otto Oseberg (izquierda) y el supervisor de la obr a, Tor Erik Node la nueva piscina Drammensbadet.

La visera del muro sur est diseada par a que parezca la espuma que se orma en una ola al chocar.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

9/40

9COPPER FORUM 26/09

La ase inicial del edicio ue com-

plicada. Los arquitectos de BFS-

architects AS, de Oslo, ueron los

ganadores del primer premio de un con-

curso de preclasicacin, pero en 2003

el proyecto se paraliz, reanudndose en

2006. El propietario del edicio, el munici-

pio de Drammen, estim inicialmente queel coste de la piscina cubierta ascendera

a 270 millones de coronas noruegas. Esta

cira result ser demasiado optimista y se

ajust a 326 millones de coronas. Ahora

las obras estn llegando a su n y se ha

previsto que las instalaciones se inaugu-

ren el 1 de septiembre de 2009. Miran-

do hacia atrs, el principal contratista,

Strm Gundersen A/S, puede hablar de un

proyecto bien ejecutado. Los contratistas

de la obra no ueron los responsables de

que se rebasara el presupuesto.

Fasadeconsult, de Mjndalen instal el

cerramiento de cristal, que abarca 2 500

metros cuadrados del exterior del recin-

to. Los operarios de la empresa Buskerud

Blikk & Montasje recubrieron los cana-

lones rectangulares y uno de los lados

con 12 toneladas de cobre. En el recinto

principal se ha construido una piscina de

50 metros con ocho calles, que con un

tabique especialmente diseado puede

dividirse en dos secciones cuando se de-

see. Tambin hay una piscina de olas con

un canal de contracorriente contiguo, una

piscina inantil, una piscina de atencin a

la salud con proundidad ajustable, dos

jacuzzis y dos toboganes acuticos.

Como una olaEl edicio tiene la orma de ola; un gran

techo abovedado descansa sobre tabiques

acristalados. En el lado norte, el techo,

suavemente curvado, desciende hasta el

suelo. Este lado tiene como caracters-

tica ventanas especialmente congura-

das, cubiertas con una ranja de cobre de

Luvata, suministrada por Astrup; Nordic

Green 0,7 mm.

Adems del muro con arcadas y cana-

lones rectangulares curvados, en la cu-

bierta hay cuatro canales de ventilacin

tambin recubiertos por ranjas de cobrecon engatillado doble, dice Trond-Otto

Oseberg de Buskerud Blikk & Montasje.

Tor Erik Nordby supervis la tarea de los

operarios de la chapa. En el proyecto in-

tervinieron 3-4 operarios, que empeza-

ron a mediados de noviembre de 2007 y

terminaron el trabajo externo en Pascua

de 2008. Los canalones situados debajo

de las ventanas del muro norte y los ba-

jantes se abricaron en el taller siguiendo

los planos de los arquitectos. La produc-

cin de las ranjas de cobre y canalonesrectangulares se realiz con una curva-

dora nueva. Los 70-80 pilares del recinto

principal se han rodeado de un collar de

acero brillante, resistente a los cidos,

montado por los operarios de chapa.

La nueva piscina cubierta es una obra be-

lla y exclusiva. Las estructuras de acero

y hormign estn cubiertas de chapa de

madera. Para nosotros las obras avan-

zaron sin problemas, pero los carpinteros

tuvieron dicultades al principio, debi-

do a que empezaron trabajando con una

chapa de madera de un grosor excesivo.

Asimismo, hubo un momento en el que el

propietario del edicio pens en usar un

material menos caro. Aortunadamen-

te, ue el al proyecto inicial, que quera

dar a la obra un toque de originalidad. El

recinto tiene la orma de una ola gigan-

tesca, pareciendo el toldo sobre la pared

sur la espuma que se orma en la punta

de la ola. Estoy convencido de que a los

habitantes de Drammen les gustar este

edicio, dice Trond-Otto Oseberg.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

10/40


Henry Voss, Architect M.A.A.

Casi todos los inmuebles son locales de o-

cinas. Aqu uno puede encontrar la mayo-

ra de las empresas que recuentemente se

nombran en artculos sensacionalistas en

los diarios, por ejemplo DC o DONG, o

compaas de nombres similares. Sin em-

bargo cuando las obras de construccin ya

estaban a medio camino, surgi la idea de

incorporar algunas viviendas para dar ms

animacin a la zona. Esto no se haba tenido

en cuenta antes. En este barrio raramente se

vea gente, sino slo siluetas dentro de au-

tomviles, lo cual es comprensible, debido

a que all el viento siempre sopla en todas

direcciones.

La mayora de los locales de ocina son de

color gris claro. Los edicios de viviendas,

en cambio, estn revestidos de cobre de co-lor marrn oscuro rojizo, que con el trans-

curso del tiempo se oscurecer an ms, ad-

quiriendo nalmente una tonalidad verde.

Contemplados de lejos, sorprenden por su

aspecto rerescante, y verlos de cerca es un

placer.

Son viviendas de un bello diseo, con di-

mensiones bien proporcionadas y detalles

elegantes. En el revestimiento se usan cas-

settes de cobre y ranjas lisas. ienen gran-

des partes revestidas de perles de cobrecon tornillos visibles y meticulosamente

situados. Los lados de entrada son de su-

percie lisa, con una combinacin de es-

tos elementos. Los de las viviendas son de

cristal y tienen balcones en voladizo, tam-

bin construidos de cristal. La dierencia es

pronunciada; un lado oscuro y tranquilo, el

otro ms vivo y constantemente cambian-

Edicios de viviendas en Frederiksk

te cuanto la luz se reeja en las distintas

supercies de cristal. El resultado es muy

elegante y produce una impresin slida en

comparacin con muchos otros tipos de re-

vestimiento.

La achada debe su belleza al material elegi-

do. Si, en cambio, se hubiera empleado zinc,

aluminio u otro material de color claro, el

edicio hubiera revelado su autntica esen-

cia: una estructura de hormign envuelta

de material aislante cubierto con tablas

delgadas. El uso de un material de carac-

tersticas ms pesadas produce un eecto

ms compacto. El resultado es un aire dis-

tinguido; uno deseara que las viviendas

se hubieran construido en una zona de la

ciudad ms civilizada que este desierto de

ocinas. Los balcones de cristal muestransu mxima belleza cuando los apartamen-

tos todava estn vacos, antes de llenarse de

bicicletas, sbanas y muebles de jardn.

Pero no slo los balcones son de cristal

transparente. Las ventanas abarcan del sue-

lo al techo, y para disrutar en los aparta-

mentos de una vida conortable se tiene que

conar que la supercie acristalada se haya

jado adecuadamente, adems de que es

una ventaja no padecer de vrtigo. No obs-

tante, si alguien cayera desde una ventanaprobablemente no se accidentara, puesto

que se precipitara en el agua del canal del

puerto, que se ha desviado a lo largo de la

achada. Un detalle bonito pero no dema-

siado prctico.

Los edicios son ejemplos interesantes de

un tipo de arquitectura que pronto se con-

En realidad, estos edicios de viviendas no estn situados en Frederikskaj

sino en A.S. Mayers Vnge. Sin embargo, es la misma zona de Sydhavn, de

Copenhague, donde durante varios aos se ha ido construyendo un edicio

tras otro, cada uno como una repeticin del anterior y preludio del sigu-

iente.

vertir en dominante, es decir, la arquitec-

tura de achadas revestidas. Las normas de

construccin ms recientes imponen requi-

sitos tan altos para la conservacin de la

energa, que estos apenas se pueden cumplircon obra de hormign o ladrillo tradicional

y exigen el uso de sistemas sandwich en los

que el material aislante constituye la mayor

parte del relleno. Se prev que durante los

prximos aos habr una gran demanda de

este tipo de arquitectura. Los edicios de

Frederikskaj muestran que esto no tiene por

que ser un inconveniente.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

11/40

11COPPER FORUM 26/09

Copenhague

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

12/40


Datos:

Arquitecto: Dissing+Weitling

Contratista: MT Hjgard

Proveedor de cobre: KME-FrickeGmbH

La publicidad de los 152 apartamentos del complejo de viviendas

usa el siguiente texto, que apenas podra ser ms potico.

Imagnese la tranquilidad de empezar el da en la ciudad sentado

en el balcn, con el panorama del puerto y el agua debajo.

O la excepcional experiencia de hacer una excursin en kayak por

el canal a lrededor de Frederikskaj despus de una larga jornada de

trabajo.

Imagnese poder elegir entre lo mucho que la ciudad le orece, como

cultura o compras, y disrutar de la naturaleza en Amager Flled a

corta distancia.

Un apartamento en Frederikskaj, a pocos kilmetros del centro de

Copenhague, har que esto sea realidad.

Aqu hay el agua, la luz, el aire, el ambiente y el panorama, al igua l

que los pjaros y kayaks.

odo esto junto es una parte tangible de los alrededores de Frede-

rikskaj Residents. Aun cuando el edicio se halla en el centro de

Copenhague, tendr la impresin de estar alejado del ajetreo de la

ciudad. Ya no ser necesario viajar diariamente varias horas para

estar en un sitio donde usted realmente podr descansar.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

13/40


Architects involved with copper buildings are

encouraged to enter the 2009 European Copperin Architecture Awards and take advantage o

this major opportunity to present their work to

an international audience.

The design-led competition covers recently completed

buildings in countries participating in the European Copper

in Architecture Campaign. To be eligible, all entries must

incorporate cladding, roofng or other architectural elements

o copper or copper alloys, such as bronze and brass. But any

building type can be entered - rom major landmark projects

to more modest buildings. There is also a discretionary award

or innovation in specifc areas o relevance today, such as

sustainable building, economical construction, preabrication,

conservation or new uses o copper.

Winning and shortlisted projects will be eatured in a special

issue o the international magazine Architectural Review and

the best entries will also be covered in Copper Forum. Entries

must be submitted by 31 May 2009 and the winners will be

announced at a presentation in London, UK during September

2009. Entry orms and details o the 2009 Awards are available

on www.copperino.co.uk/arch and www.copperconcept.org orvia e-mail to: [email protected]

NEWS

CALL FORAWARDS ENRIES


8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

14/40


Roskilde Cathedral is one o Denmarks cultural pearls. Tis is not

just the opinion o the nation itsel, as the Cathedral is on Unescos

list o world heritage sites, which contains only two more Danish

contributions: Kronborg and Jelling.

Heritage sites have to be well taken care o, and Roski lde Cathedral

is no exception. However, it is both dicult and expensive. In the

Danish climate buildings should be as simple as possible, a boxwith a sloping roo so that water and snow will run of quickly, and

smooth acades where nothing can stick.

Roskilde Cathedral is quite the opposite. Te building is

as complicated as it possibly could be. It has all the ingenious

eatures one will nd in the art o building construction: pillars

and box gutters, spires and domes, protrusions and recesses, vaults

and towers, arches and curves and more and all o this in great

numbers. Tere is a lot to take care o.

What is most notable is the exterior: the slender spire, a Roskilde

hallmark that can be seen rom a distance, the ta ll copper roo and,

close-to, the huge red brick building with its surprisingly successul

additions made through several centuries, and the chapels with their

royal graves that reect the building techniques and architecturalunderstanding o their time. Only in our times have we lacked

the condence to build a chapel or Frederik IX, but just a wall

surrounding a garden. It is a shame, and goes against the healthy

vitality that the building expresses.

Te interior o the building conrms anticipated experiences:

great beauty but also an equal amount o ugliness. Te problem

lies between the exterior and the interior in other words in the

construction.

New Copper or Roskilde Cathedral

By Henry Voss, Architect MAA

Roskilde is one o the oldest cities in Denmark. It is

situated about 30 km rom the capital Copenhagen.

Roskilde was ounded during the time o the Vikings,

and has a large Viking-ship museum. The city has a

busy business section and education centre with upper

secondary school and university.

Te Cathedral was built between 1170 and mid-1200 in brick,

which at the time was a new material. Absalon, who ounded the

Cathedral, had loty plans; the building is 84 meters long and 24

meters tall! Te style is both Roman and Gothic. Te towers date

rom the 14th century. Christian Is chapel is rom 1459; Christian

IVs chapel in renaissance style was built 1615-20. Frederik

Vs chapel, designed by C.F. Harsdorf, was erected 1774-78 inclassicism. Christian IXs chapel, designed by A.C. Clemmensen,

was built 1917-23.

Tis is enough ancient construction to cause problems, but the

problems did not arise without a reason. Te Margrethe spire and

the roo above the crossing in both directions burned in 1969. It was

a violent re as the woodwork had dried out completely through the

centuries. At the ollowing reconstruction, all eforts were put into

making sure that such an accident would not happen again and all

timber was pressure-impregnated against decay and ungus, and

the planks also against re.

It is due to that extensive chemical treatment that the work will

have to be redone. Each age nds it both natural and necessary to

use the latest knowledge as a supplement to lies experience. Butjust as medicines can have side efects that will end up killing the

patient, diferent chemicals in a church roo can get into violent

conict. Te re-prevention chemicals have caused the timber

to absorb humidity, which has created ammoniac umes that, in

turn, have damaged the copper sheeting and washed away the

impregnation against decay and ungus - chrome and arsenic. Te

roo started to leak and poisonous substances began to trickle down

into the church room.

Photo: Peter Rahbek

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

15/40


Photo:PeterRahbek

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

16/40


Te copper covering o the spires was renewed in 1972-73. Te

100-year-old roo covering had cracks and was leaking, and needed

to be replaced together with parts o the timber construction.

Already a couple o years later, cracks in the new copper sheeting

were discovered, particularly in the swinging part o the spire.

Since then, mechanical and thermal conditions have afected the

copper sheeting and in several places destroyed attachments on the

underside o the roo.

Tere are many theories about what went wrong with the covering

o the two main spires. Could it be a aulty seaming technique?

Or has poor ventilation caused the air to stay inside the roo, thuspressing the copper sheeting outwards? oday, all damaged wood

in the spires have been replaced and a new roo covering, using

approximately 10 tons o 0.75 mm sot, untreated copper, has been

done using new methods that will ensure a long lie.

Te roo above the crossing is no longer impregnated. Te

enormous beams are made o Douglas r. Tey are so big that they

cannot be lited by a crane when connected, but will have to be

test-assembled on the ground, then separated and lited up piece by

piece, to be assembled nally on the roo. One o the pieces, the

central beam, measures 320 x 320 mm, is 15.20 metres long and

weighs approximately 1,100 kg.

Douglas r, which resembles larch, contains a lot o resin and tan

substance, which make it resistant to decay and ungus. Oak is used

or brick-wall support and base beams at the roo rame. Some o

the wood is Fleet oak, rom oak trees planted ater the deeat o

the Danish eet in 1807. Te carpentry contractor responsible or

the woodwork has in addition engaged three Swiss and German

carpenters with the greatest expertise wearing in black costumes

with shiny buttons and big hats and with special experience in

renovating old timber constructions in European churches usingsophisticated tools.

When all carpentry has been completed, the roo will be covered

with about 20 tons o 0.75-mm sot copper sheeting. Once again

people will be able to enjoy the tall silhouette o the Cathedral rom

a distance or the next 100 years to come as there is nothing now

that eats the copper rom the inside.

It took a ew years, at a cost o 100 million crowns. But so what,

when you think about what we otherwise spend millions on!

Phot

o:PeterGjevertPetersen

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

17/40


Architects Hvidt & Mlgaard A/S

Timber Jnsson A/S

Copper John A. Hansen (The two towers)Bravidan Danmark A/S (The crossing)

Photo: Flemming P

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

18/40


5 BotanicheskayaStreet, hotel,Moscow

The building was completed in 2007. The clad-ding material is Nordic Green, o which two di-

erent surace types have been intentionally used

on the aade. The aade has been realised with

the Aluwall aade system. The aade o the

12-storey hotel is mainly o copper and glass

construction, with a vertical sun moti on part o

the aade.

Architects Popov & Partners. Main designer architect Dmitriy Viktorovich.


8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

19/40


4/7 VozdvizhenkaStreet, seven-

storey oceblock, Moscow

The administrative oce o the Presiden

is located in this building designed by Archi

tects Popov & Co, with architect Vershinsky

Dmitriy Viktorovich as the main designer. The

building was completed in 2008.

The aade material is Nordic Green coppe

with surace type Traditional. The aade has

been realised with the Aluwall aade system

The metal aade o the building with coppe

surace sheets plays the role o a small-scale

modernistic eature in the townscape.

Architects Popov & Partners. Main designer architect Dmitriy Viktorovich.


8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

20/40


Project de Jonas

ROC Hengelo, The Netherlands

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

21/40


The striking elevated pod is named the Jonas, ater a tale

rom the Bible about Jona and the whale: The prophet Jona

gets the assignment o God to warn the people in Niniv, be-cause this city will be destroyed within 40 days. Jona reuses

and escapes with a ship. A storm surprises this ship and Jona

is thrown overboard. A big whale swallows Jona, and Jona

survives three days and three nights in the stomach o the

whale. When the whale spits Jona out, he still decides to go to

Niniv. The Jonas pod can be seen as Jona, a small creature

inside a huge space, the enormous hall o the school building.

The Jonas is used as a conerence room where, or example,

students can give a presentation. Moreover, this luxurious

room can be used or meetings and also award ceremonies.The central eye o the elipse is made o glass which, using a

specic electric process, changes rom transparent to opaque

and can be used as a projection screen. The Jonas has a ca-

pacity or groups up to 50 persons.

Architect Harry Abels, director o IAA architects located in

Enschede, The Netherlands, designed the Jonas. X kwadraat,

a company that builds architectural art objects, also located in

Enschede, planned and built it, starting in 2007.The base o the

Jonas, a rame o steel, had already been built in June 2007.

In total, 12 ton o steel has been used or this rame. On top othis rame is a concrete foor on which are so called whale-

bones - a complicated wooden structure which was prepared

on the shop foor o X kwadraat and put together on location as

a giant puzzle. This whalebones structure was then nished

with copper plates, called scales. It took, in total, 6 months

to build this project, and completion took place in September

2008.

The height o the Jonas is 12 metres, and the internal height o

the foor is 8 metres. The length o the elipse is 17 metres, with

a width o 9 metres, giving a total surace area o 80 squaremetres. The view rom inside the Jonas into the huge hall o

the school building is wonderul. The initial design o the Jo-

nas included brass scales but, as a result o the advise o X

kwadraat, the architect chose to use copper scales because o

the application o Nordic Green pre-patination. This colour, in

combination with the shape o the Jonas and the pattern o the

reptile-like skin, appealed the architect. The orm o the Jonas

is essentially organic, inside as well as outside.

An intriguing eliptical pod, clad with more than 3000 kilograms o copper, orms an

organic central ocus or the ROC o Twente high school in Hengelo, the Netherlands.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

22/40


COPPER DECONSTRUCTIONA major sports building in Budapest, Hungary mutates its straightorward rectangular

plan into a complex aceted copper rooscape.

The building in Csrsz Street is a simple one as ar as

its foor plan is concerned. It is made up o two squares

o identical area, one o them housing the gym hall withgrandstand seating, the other containing a swimming-pool

with auxiliary acilities wrapped around in an L-shape. The

circulation system linking both unctions is clearly presented:

the two blocks are both separated and connected by open

and enclosed public circulation spaces on two levels. This

arrangement also separates bareoot pedestrians rom

those in ootwear.

But it is at roo level that the designers T2.a Architects

reveal the true orm o this extraordinary building. Here a

series o apparently random, aceted planes all clad in

copper deconstruct the regular cube orms below. Viewed

rom Csrsz Street or rom the longitudinal aade to theadjacent gardens, the building suggests ragmented pieces

o a broken shell. Some o the copper planes interlink to

orm a continuous roo surace, while others generate

areas o vertical glazing between them to provide generous

natural lighting into the spaces below. These copper planes

carry over to vertical suraces dropping down rom the roo

area to meet the rendered walls below.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

23/40


Client: Budapest-Hegyvidk, District 12, Local Authority

Architect: Gbor Turnyi, BenceTurnyi (T2.a Architects Ltd.) Fellow-architects: Zsolt Frikker, Andrs Gde, Orsolya Gnczi,

Lszl Fldes, Barnabs Lris, Pter Mrk,Eszter Mszros, Levente Skultti,Zoltn Stein, Mikls Vannay

Working drawing: Maczelka Lszl (Materv Ltd.) Fellow-architect: Barnabs Balai Interior design: Szabolcs Nagy-Miticzky (TrAlkot Ltd.) Fellow-architects: Bence Srkny, dm Vesztergom Structure: Zoltn V. Nagy, Zsolt Inokai, Dr. Jzse Almsi Plumbing & HVAC: Attila Braun, Istvn Tth Electrical Planning: Gbor Br, Mikls Tornallyay Public utilities: Attila BrSwimming-pool technology: Zoltn Sallai Photo: Zsolt Batr

Further inormation

A critical article exploring the dephilosophy o the building was wby Jen Kapy and published in 9issue o Alaprajz magazine in Hor more ino visit www.archiweb

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

24/40


ACCORDIA CAMBRIDGE UK

By Chris Hodson

In this 8-page eature, architect Chris Hodson looks at dierent as-

pects o a particularly infuential British housing project. Following

this project overview is a closer building study o one house design,

then a discussion about the architectural role o copper and nally

detailed design o a particular copper-clad building element.

A NEW PARADIGM FOR URBAN HOUSIN

Te site, ormerly occupied by low-rise gov-

ernment oces built in the 1940s, lies to

one side o Brooklands Avenue, close to the

Botanic Gardens and the railway stationin south Cambridge. Te locality is char-

acterised by large terraced and individual

19th century villas. Accordia is a strategi-

cally important new residential quarter or

Cambridge and the last major undeveloped

browneld site close to the city centre, in

a key position between the city and open

elds. As a result, the municipal plan-

ning authority insisted that the developer

Countryside Properties employed good

designers to maximise the unique opportu-

nities presented by the site.

Accordia is thereore the result o an unu-

sual collaboration between three o the

UKs most highly regarded architects led

by master-planners Feilden Clegg Bradley

Studios (FCBS) with associate architects

Alison Brooks Architects and Maccreanor

Lavington working closely with land-

scape architects Grant Associates and other

consultants. Building work started on site

in September 2003 and still continues to-

day. Te development comprises 212 houses

and 166 apartments on a 9.5 hectare site at

a density o 40 dwellings per hectare over-

all including landscape spaces. In addition

to master-planning, Feilden Clegg Bradley

Studios designed 230 o the dwellings and

subcontracted 30% to Maccreanor Laving-

ton and 10% to Alison Brooks Architects to

design the rest.

Photo: Chris Hodson

Photo: Chris Hodson Photo: Peter Cook, View Pictures

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

25/40



Photo: Chris Hodson Photo: Chris Hodso

Photo: Tim Crocke

Photo: Countryside Properties

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

26/40



Te master-planners FCBS have described

the design as including a variety o innova-

tive house and apartment types in the orm

o terraces, courtyard houses and set-piece

apartment buildings, composed within

public landscaped gardens which extend

to approximately 3 hectares around one

third o the site. Te buildings are arrangedin three dense groups o up to 65 dwellings

per hectare, separated by mature landscape,

with houses ranging in size rom three to

ve bedrooms (90 to 350 square metres)

and apartments o one, two and three bed-

rooms (45 to 145 square metres). Included

is a proportion o 30% afordable dwellings

in mixed tenure, integrated both in design

and materials with the private housing.

Te site presented a strong existing land-

scape ramework with over 700 mature

trees, so the principle design concept was

living in a large garden, inormed by lo-

cal contextual reerences taken rom the

historic college garden courts and the pub-

lic green squares known as pieces o

Cambridge. Te scheme takes an innova-

tive approach to providing gardens o many

scales, rom interior rootop spaces and in-

ternal courtyards to large semi-public com-

munity gardens. In place o conventional

house gardens, private open spaces in the

orm o courtyards, roo terraces and large

balconies are designed as an integral parto the architecture. In combination with

the generous communal gardens this aims

to reect the changing aspirations o our

modern liestyles and continues a strong

tradition o domestic architecture in Cam-

bridge.

Layouts or three typical FCBS house typesillustrating the three-dimensional approachto introducing open areas.

Let: 3-Bed Courtyard House;Centre: 4-Bed Courtyard House;Right: 4-Bed Semi-detatched House.

high density housing at its very besta new model or outside-inside liea paradigm shit in British housing

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

27/40



Copper has an essential role in the limited palette o materials throughout Accordi aincluding vertical acades, distinctive bay windows (seen on the let and discussed onpage 31) and dramatic curved roos (seen on the right and dis cussed on page 28-29).

COMMENTS FROM THE STIRLING PRIZE AWARD JURY ON ACC ORDIA

highdensityhousingatitsverybest,demonstratingthatvolumehouse-builders can deliver high quality architecture.

anewmodelforoutside-insidelifewithinteriorrooftopspaces,internal courtyards and large semi-public community gardensthere is common land where children saely play.

thelandscapearchitectdeservesjointcreditalongwiththethreefrms o architects. Together they have created a place that is bothsingular and cohesive so much so in act that it is hard to tell whereone architects designs stop and those o another start; wherelandscaping ends and architecture begins.

thisisarchitecturethattreatsadultsasgrown-upsandchildrenaspeople with dierent needs.

anexhilaratingprojectwhichadheredtothetenetsofmodernism,one that reinstates values that were lost rom housing in the latterpart o the 20th centurydelivering light and resh air at high density.

aparadigmshiftinBritishhousing,sendingamessagetoanindustrythat has or too long been anti-design and to politicians who haveregarded houses as targets to be achieved.

thevaluesofAccordiaarethoseBritishcitiesneedmoreof:asubtlycontrolling master-plan, a collaborative approach and an eye or both

the detail and the big picture in the landscape and the architecture.

Te master-plan was designed or pedestrian and cycle de-

mands, with landscaped pedestrian streets, mews areas

with shared suraces, discreet car parking and integrated

cycle parking or all dwellings. Each dwelling is accessed

rom an urban street side but opens out onto, and enjoys

views o a shared landscape which includes amenities or

passive and active recreation. Te orm o the buildings

is not only determined by the relationship and scale othe open space and urban rontages but also by the solar

orientation. Te larger scale apartment buildings and ter-

races are associated with the bigger open spaces and are

typically on an east/west orientation to minimise over-

shadowing o adjacent homes. Te lower terraces and

courts are arranged around the more intimate landscape

spaces with south acing terraced gardens.

Te project received strong support rom the municipal

planning authority, local residents o the area and CABE

- the governments advisor on architecture, urban design

and public space. It has also won a range o important

Awards, including the UKs top architectural award the

Royal Institute o British Architects (RIBA) Stirling Prize

in 2008, the rst housing project to do so.

Photo: Peter Cook, View Pictures

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

28/40



C

ompleted early on in the Accordia

project, in March 2006, these our

400m2 semi-detached houses ormpart o a row o substantial properties that

ront onto Brooklands Avenue and showcase

Accordia. Inspired by the array o unusual old

villas along Brooklands Avenue, the house de-

sign provides a exible open plan layout with

internal spaces varying in height and orienta-

tion within the envelope dened by FCBS

high density, sustainable masterplan.

Split down the middle to create a top-lit, triple

height atrium and stair hall, the two halves

are ofset to create a split level so that the liv-

ing room becomes a 4.5 metre high space. Te

ground oor was conceived as an open plan

landscape with a sunken living room, re-

place and dining areas having large glazed

areas opening onto outdoor patios and ter-

races. A single curved pre-patinated copper

roo sweeps over the top oor o each house

creating a huge open plan amily room, with

a replace, rooights and a wall o glass open

to the sky.

Te buildings are primarily clad in yellow

stock brick in line with the masterplan withopenings reely placed in the elevations. Te

ront and back acades have projecting porti-

coes to provide shading or the large areas o

south acing glazing and to create blinkers to

reduce overlooking and increase privacy.

Alison Brooks, comments: Tis house is

about spatial drama, openness and natural

light. Te split level, open planning has al-

lowed us to create a house with no corridors

and double height living spaces. Te central

atrium lls the centre o the house with light

and creates a visual connection between all

levels o the house. Te top oor amily room

is an ideal exible space- an ideal party room,

games room, or it could even be another bed-

room suite. Tis house restores some o the

glamour o living in a substantial urban villa,

but has the exibility needed by the modern

amily.

BUILDING FOCUS Four Houses by Alison Brooks Architects LL

SECTION

1 Kitch nDiningroo

3 Livingroo4 Bdroo5 G l l r i6 Bthroo

T r r c

8 StudioF i ly r oo

1 0 G r d n1 1 G r g1 Studio/gu t hou

1 2 3

4 5

6 4 7

8

9

4 5

10 11

127

2

Photo: Chris Hodson Photo: Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

29/40



1

2

3

4

5

6

7

88

4

12

3

4

5

6

7

5

8

1

2

3

4

5

6

1

2


Photo: Tim Crocker

Floor Plans o the pair o houses.

this house is about spatial drama,openness and natural light

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

30/40


A limited palette o high quality external

materials was developed by FCBS at the

master-planning stage, which the other

architects embraced and adapted to suit

their particular architecture. FCBS Partner

Mike Keys explains: We dened the type

o architecture with the local planners rom

the start combining a modern approach

to housing and design with high quality

traditional materials with a local heritage.

Walls or the houses are generally yellow

brick, close to traditional Cambridge stock

bricks, and there is extensive use o timber

and dark coloured windows. Copper roos,

distinct areas o cladding and elements such

as the prominent bay windows harmonise

well with the brick. Ten, or the larger

apartment buildings copper becomes the

predominant acade material again sitting

comortably alongside timber elements, the

dark windows and stone gabion plinth. It

was interesting to us that copper could de-liver crisp detailing or eatures such as the

bay windows and also a soter, living sur-

ace in larger areas on apartment acades.

FCBS are no strangers to designing with

copper and regularly use the material on a

wide range o building types. In act, the

practice has been commended on a number

o occasions in the European Copper in

Architecture Awards (reported in previous

issues o Copper Forum). Mike Keys adds:

We are very comortable with the envi-

ronmental credentials o copper as a ully

sustainable material with an exceptionally

long liespan and a history o recycling. We

did commission a report on the rainwater

runof rom the copper at Accordia, as wa-

ter drains via a sustainable drainage system

(SUDS) into an historic watercourse - origi-

nally the drinking water supply to the Col-

leges. Tis revealed that runof was not an

issue. Copper gutters and downpipes both

external and hidden were used widely in

the design or visual continuity and ease o

maintenance, which we ound to be sur-

prisingly cost-efective.

Te other two architects o Accordia also

made extensive use o copper but in theirown unique way. Project architect Dominic

McKenzie explains Alison Brooks Archi-

tects particular approach: We were very

All those involved with Accordia have a longstanding commitment to sustainable design.

The buildings and landscape have been designed with sustainability principles in mind,

including the environmental perormance o each dwelling type, water usage, the meth-

ods used or construction and the materials.

COPPER AT ACCORDIA

Photo: Chris HodsonPhoto: Peter Cook, View Pictures

FCBS are no strangers to designing with copper and regularly use the materialon a wide range o building types. In act, the practice has been commended on anumber o occasions in the European Copper in Architecture Awards (reported inprevious issues o Copper Forum).

comortable with the central role o copper

as one o the FCBS master-plans external

materials. Copper roong orms an impor-

tant part o Cambridges historic skyline -

probably more so than most other British

cities and that tradition continues with

contemporary buildings. Tis aesthetic is

typied by the distinctive green patina o

the material ater long exposure to the ele-

ments and we chose pre-patinated copper to

give this vibrancy straightaway on the rst

our houses we designed. In contrast, ournext design or Accordia a 10 unit apart-

ment building takes a cut and olded

orm with brass cladding.


8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

31/40


More Information Feilden Clegg Bradley, The Environmental Handbook Right Angle Publishing, 2007.www.cabe.org.uk, Accordia Cambridge, Housing Case Studies Commission or Architecture and the Built Environment.www.architecture.com, RIBA Stirling Prize 2008 Royal Institute o British Architecture.

Copper-clad, square bay windows are

used requently at ground and upper levels

throughout the FCBS buildings at Accor-

dia, dening an important and recogniz-

able theme. Generous glazing allows day-

light deep into the buildings and rames

the occupants views o the landscaped

surroundings. But the bay windows also

incorporate discreet side-opening copper-

clad vents to allow air in. Careul detail-

ing proved central to the success o theseelements.

FCBS partner Mike Keys says: Straight-

orward detailing with care particularly

where diferent materials meet is a hall-

mark o Accordias architecture. Te interac-

tion o the window system we selected with

the copper cladding and vents had to be

careully worked out. We were particularly

concerned to detail neat copper ashings

into the brickwork and avoid the large, un-

tidy upstands and drips too oten seen with

housing details in the UK. Te standardo copper cratsmanship was consistently

high at Accordia so that our details were

executed just as we intended.

COPPER DETAIL Bay Windows by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studi


Photo: Chris Hodson

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

32/40


This building is a signifcant piece

o architecture situated on the

hilltop o Lelekovice near Brno in

South Moravia, Czech Republic At

fst sight you encounter the seg-

mentation o material and col-

ours, which mutually harmonise

and create a pointed aesthetic

contrast as well a layering o

materials and shades o colours.

The design determinants came rom the

regional planning o Lelekovice and rom

the investors priorities to create harmony

o between nature, the house and living in

the house.

The house was set on a sloping terrain

with the aim o creating an architecturally

interesting building or a man and nature

living together, particularly with respect

to the choice o materials. A simple pal-

ette o three materials copper, stone and

wood determines the natural eel o the

building.

The house was set in greenery and partly

embedded into the ground in to the north.

A hall with a swimming pool on this north

side is covered with earth and one can

walk on the roo. Stairs leading rom the

hall to the rear o the plot run around an

inclining copper strip-laid roo.

The architect extends the exterior into the

interior with a continuous use o materials.

The colour scheme o the whole interior is

in subtle shades so that the wooden acing

and stone walls can create a harmony with

other elements.

Family House in Lelekovice

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

33/40


Family house in LelekoviceLelekovice near BrnoSouth Moravia, Czech Republ5 / 2008 (approval)Ak.arch.Tom KotasIng.Libor Hledk

Name:Location:

Region:Date o Completion:

Architect:Investor:

The main part o the house is a big living

room with a kitchen and a glassed-in wall,

visually connected to the hall with a swim-

ming pool. The countryside can be viewed

through big areas o glazing One can also

watch a beautiul and colourul scenery

and enjoy the sunshine inside the house.

Spaces, shapes, colours and materials

were careully designed in detail by the ar-

chitect, orming a unique concept or the

house.

A triple combination o materials divides

the house with dierent suraces copper,

oak and various types o stones (fat stones

and boulders) rom a nearby stone pit. This

way o laying stones is unique and has not

been used yet. The colour o the chosen

copper dark brown, although in the be-

ginning it is lighter and in the process o

several months it grows darker, contrasts

with the light shade o oak acing. Wooden

areas unite the composition. Copper roos

and inclining strip-laid walls create the

most appropriate choice o roong or this

type o a house. It gives visual and aes-

thetic value and meets all the unctional

demands.

Copper is an indispensable element or ar

chitecture linking people and nature.

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

34/40


Since the beginning o the year copper has traded in a broad

range o USD 3,000/t and USD 3,600/t and is currently trading

around mid-range levels o USD 3,300/t. Prices strengthened

in January due to the commodity index rebalancing, and later

in early February prices traded at range highs as rumours o

strategic buying by Chinese SRB hit the market. However, the

price outlook remains weak with the real economy in recession,

credit issues prevailing and the US housing market in its

worst state in decades. We believe that copper prices have held

surprisingly well despite the weak demand picture, heavy selling

rom nancials and the lower growth outlook or the economy

and that any major rally in copper is unsustainable in the short

term given the weakness in undamentals.

Tere has been no improvement in the demand outlook. We

would rather argue that the situation seems to be getting even

worse. Key consuming sectors, automotive and construction, are

in a bad state and the demand outlook or these areas is not likely

to brighten in the medium term. For instance, US automakers

are going to cut production in relation to the US government

nancing package, and US housing starts, reported this week,

plummeted to record lows (-16.8%, 466k units, annual rate)

and were down even more than expected. Meanwhile, stimulus

packages and inrastructure spending will lend some support

to copper wire and cable demand in the medium term as will

potential buying by the SRB or the Chinese strategic reserves.

Chinese import demand has been relatively strong with Q4

2008 net rened imports up 70% y/y.

Copper Recent tradingwithin clear price range,

but still risk or new declinesBy Ukko Massinen and Thina M. Saltvedt, Nordea Commodities

We have experienced price jumps on index reweighing and strategic buying.

Weak uture outlook

Financial actors in deep short positions

Small production cuts compared to other metals

Producers have continued to curtail output in the low price

environment. A urther 100ktpy o capacity has been announced

to be taken of line. However, production cuts in copper have

been marginal compared to other metals. Tis is because a large

number o operations are cash positive even in the current price

environment. Prices will need to correct below USD 3,000/t or

the supply side to tighten signicantly. Tat said, the longer-

term supply pipeline looks thin and will result in a tighter copper

market once the economy picks up.

Copper inventories have continued to build and currently total

a mere 530k tonnes. Given the weak demand environment we

expect the levels to increase also going orward. Inventories

should be closely monitored as any change in the trend will act

as a good sign o a pick-up in physical demand.

Te Reuters semi-annual poll o metals analysts published in

January shows that copper prices in 2009 and 2010 will average

USD 3,471/t and USD 4,329/t, respectively. Tis implies that

on average prices are not expected to drit signicantly rom

current levels this year, but are likely to correct higher in the

longer run. We agree with the consensus that prices are unlikely

to move signicantly higher rom current levels in the medium

term, but we believe that prices could all below USD 3,000/t in

the coming months given weak undamentals.

February 2009

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

35/40

35COPPER FORUM 26/09 35COPPER FORUM 26/09

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

36/40


HISTORYTe Leppsuo estate is the only City campus estate in Helsinki

with a history dat ing back to the 1940s, when the Student Union o

the University o Helsinki initiated the building o student houses.

At the turn o the millennium, the constant increase in the number

o students at the University resulted in a lack o activity and as-

sembly acilities, in particular. In addition to the Student Union,the Helsinki School o Economics, which is located near the cam-

pus and is part o the uture Aalto University, was also looking or

acilities in the area or the needs o HSE Executive Education.

Te Student Union o the University o Helsinki and the Helsinki

School o Economics joined orces in 1999 and started the design

project o the Tird Student Union Building in the only available

plot in the area, in the corner o Mechelininkatu Street and Lep-

psuonkatu Street.

Domus GaudiumThird Student Union Building

Te Old Student Union Building and the New Student Union

Building on Mannerheimintie Road had been built in 1870 and

1910, respectively. Te Tird Student Union Building was com-

pleted in Leppsuo in November 2008 and in the inauguration cer-

emony was christened Domus Gaudium, the House o Joy.

TOWNSCAPE, ARCHITECTURETe 8-storey residential buildings in Domus Academica orm anopen block structure, which is rather atypical o a downtown area,

but then they were originally located in the outskirts o the town.

As a 2-storey corner building, Domus Gaudium will integrate the

block structure and serve as a pedestal or the vertical rhythm o

the point blocks. It has adopted its scale rom the low-rise build-

ings on Mechelininkatu Street, such as the adjacent Domus library

designed by Architects Arkkitehtitoimisto Einari ersvita, which

is now known as the Helecon Inormation Centre.

Student House Domus Gaudium is an interesting project in many ways. It is the most recent ad

dition among student houses in Finland. The tradition o student unions building their ow

houses was reinorced toward the end o the 19th century. Signicant student houses in

clude e.g. the old Poli, i.e. the House o the Student Union o the Helsinki Universit

o Technology designed by architects Karl Lindahl and Walter Thom and bui

in 1903 as well as the new Dipoli student union house designed by arch

tects Reima and Raili Pietil and built in the 1960s in Espoo, whe

the University o Technology moved into Otaniemi in Espoo

Domus Gaudeum represents a building designe

to support the activities o student unions in

downtown campus o a small metropol

tan area, Helsinki. The contempora

ry architecture o the buildin

is resh and excellent

adapted to th

townscap

Photo: Jussi Tiainen

Esko Miettinen, architect SAFA

Pekka Ojalammi, architect SAFA

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

37/40

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

38/40


INTERIOR A partly 3-storey lobby extending rom the entrance on Meche-

lininkatu Street to the entrance on Domus square acts as the unc-

tional and spatial axis o the interior acilities. Te most dominat-

ing element o the lobby in terms o space is a body with rounded

edges oating on the level o the second oor, seemingly separated

rom everything else. Te orm o this body, which contains two

lecture rooms, has been achieved with gypsum boards bent round

the curved steel rame. Te steel arches o the rame are xed with60 cm spacing to the concrete slabs o the roo and the intermediate

oor. Te auditorium wall which separates the body rom the team-

work rooms is hollow and carries building services. Most o the

load-bearing columns are spiral welded steel composite columns

lled with concrete. Beams are Delta steel beams.

Te typical character o the central lobby is also enhanced by two

walkways o steel construction, which run along the ull length o

the lobby connecting the various oor levels in terms o both access

and visual expression. Te tall lobby brings light into the under-

ground basement oor, which contains acilities also included in

the oor area o the building. Te lobby connects these acilities di-

rectly with the acilities located under the Domus Square courtyard

and in the basement o the D building. Tese acilities were also

renovated and converted simultaneously with the building project

o Domus Gaudium.

Te ormer Alibi Restaurant, or example, was completely reno-

vated and reurbished in this connection. Natural lighting in the

restaurant was essentially improved by a new glass pyramid o steel

construction, which opens up to the Domus Square. Te new gala

room o the Student Union was built in the lower basement under

the restaurant and or this reason the basement had to be loweredca. 1.5 m. Many other acoustically challenging acilities were also

realised in the basement, such as band rehearsal rooms and a small

music hall. All the ceiling, oor and wall suraces o these acilities

were separated rom the concrete rame o the building by multiple

layers o gypsum boards mounted on steel structures.

Te underground acilities o the buildings also provide parking

space or ca. 100 cars.

Photos: Jussi Tiainen10m (MK 1:150)

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

39/40

Site plan

10m (MK1:250)

10m (MK 1:500)

1 st foor

Ground foor

DOMUS GAUDIUM, THIRD STUDENT HOUSEADDRESS: Leppsuonkatu 11, 00100 Helsinki, Finland

SCOPE: Total areaNew building 6 130 m2 renovated building part 5 950 m 2

Volume, new building 26 700 m3 renovated building part 23 680 m3

COSTS: New building 14.5 million Renovated building part ca. 11 million

CLIENT: Kiinteist OY Lepptalo/Student Union o the University o HelsinkiConstruction Project Manager Jukka Leinonen

Helsinki School o Economics, Facilities AdministrationArchitect Juha Kurki

PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTAT / PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONTRACTOR

SWECO CMU Oy

Aku Kallio, Jouni Pessala

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN:

Architects Arkkitehtitoimisto Brunow & Maunula OyArchitect Juhani Maunula, head designer 1999-2006Architect Pekka Ojalammi, head designer 2006-2008Architect Susan Niemel, head designer o renovated building part

Mechelin

inkatu

Leppsuonkatu

10m (MK1:500)

COPPER FORUM 26/09

8/6/2019 kf26_esp2

40/40

Architecture

from

Austria Belgium

Czech Republic Denmar

Finland France

Greece Germany

Holland Hungary

Italy Luxemburg

Norway Poland

Russia Spain

Sweden Switzerland

United Kingdom

t

kf26_esp2

Documents