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Ingles IV
2007 Centro de Desarrollo Educativo [CDE] [Acuerdo No MSB120051404 de Fecha 15 de Marzo 2005] [CT 14PBJ0076Z]
httpwwwutea1net httpwwwmxgonet
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SECRETARIacuteA DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO
COORDINACIOacuteN DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
SUPERIOR Y TECNOLOacuteGICA
DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
DIRECCIOacuteN DEL BACHILLERATO EN LA MODALIDAD INTENSIVA
SEMIESCOLARIZADA
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Guadalajara Jalisco
Junio de 2008
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SECRETARIacuteA DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO -xXXx-
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol IV
DIRECTORIO
SECRETARIO DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO
COORDINADOR DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
SUPERIOR Y TECNOLOacuteGICA
DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
DIRECCIOacuteN DEL BACHILLERATO EN LA MODALIDAD
INTENSIVA SEMIESCOLARIZADA
XXX
PROYECTOS ACADEacuteMICOS DE LA DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
Academia
Caacuterdenas Martiacuten del Campo Ma Guadalupe
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NOMBRE DE LA ASIGNATURA
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol Ingleacutes IV
CICLO AacuteREA O MOacuteDULO CLAVE DE LA ASIGNATURA
MOacuteDULO IV LAEI4M07
OBJETIVO(S) GENERAL(ES) DE LA ASIGNATURA
Praacutecticar los conocimientos adquiridos en los tres cursos anteriores y aprender las
estructuras maacutes complejas del idioma ingleacutes sirvan de instrumento en la
interpretacioacuten de textos pasando de la lectura general a la especiacutefica o detallada
Reconocer y usar el lenguaje escrito y los signos de puntuacioacuten en la redaccioacuten de
textos de uso praacutectico desde una nota o carta informal hasta la redaccioacuten de una
carta de negocios o un reporte o resumen de un texto
TEMA UNO
Uso de los tres tiempos fundamentales en la redaccioacuten y la expresioacuten oral y
consecuencias de un acto empleando para ello el conectivo if
11 Contraste temporal pasado presente y futuro
12 Oraciones subordinadas condicionales con if
DESARROLLO
Present Future Real Conditional
We use real conditional to express
Scientific facts Imperatives general truths habits recurring evens situation in the
future
A REAL CONDITIONAL sentence has two clauses an if- clause and a result
clause The if clause expresses a condition and the result expresses the result
(IF the conditional occurs)
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Formula
IF- CLAUSE RESULT-CLAUSE
If+ subject+ verb in base form+ complement subject+verb present+compl
Subject+will+verb present+comp
Note We can begin a real conditional sentence with the if clause or the result the if-clause or the result-
clause We use a comma between the two clauses when the if-clause comes first
Examples
If you go to Hawii you travel by airplane
If you heatsnow it will melt
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause or both clauses
Example
If you donacutet feel well stay in bed
If you go to Japan donacutet wear your nick tennis
Donacutet go to Paris if you donacutet like wine
Question The question is formed only in the result clause NOT in the if-clause
What happenes if you hot water
If you hot water what happenes
PRESENT UNREAL CONDITIONAL
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In a present unreal conditional sentence the if-clause presents the unreal
condition The result clause presents the unreal or imagined result of that
condition
FORMULA
If-clause Result-clause
If+ subject+verb in past+complement subject+ modal +base verb +complement
would
could
might
We use present unreal conditional to express unreal or imagined situation in the
present
Example
If I were a runner I would practices
If she were rich she would be unhappy
We could do it if we tried
They might pass if they studied
Note would shows intention could shows ability or possibility might shows possibility
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We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
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5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
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2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
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Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
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active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
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Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
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1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
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She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
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7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
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Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
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Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
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81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
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to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
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their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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SECRETARIacuteA DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO
COORDINACIOacuteN DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
SUPERIOR Y TECNOLOacuteGICA
DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
DIRECCIOacuteN DEL BACHILLERATO EN LA MODALIDAD INTENSIVA
SEMIESCOLARIZADA
3 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Guadalajara Jalisco
Junio de 2008
4 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
SECRETARIacuteA DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO -xXXx-
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol IV
DIRECTORIO
SECRETARIO DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO
COORDINADOR DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
SUPERIOR Y TECNOLOacuteGICA
DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
DIRECCIOacuteN DEL BACHILLERATO EN LA MODALIDAD
INTENSIVA SEMIESCOLARIZADA
XXX
PROYECTOS ACADEacuteMICOS DE LA DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
Academia
Caacuterdenas Martiacuten del Campo Ma Guadalupe
5 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
NOMBRE DE LA ASIGNATURA
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol Ingleacutes IV
CICLO AacuteREA O MOacuteDULO CLAVE DE LA ASIGNATURA
MOacuteDULO IV LAEI4M07
OBJETIVO(S) GENERAL(ES) DE LA ASIGNATURA
Praacutecticar los conocimientos adquiridos en los tres cursos anteriores y aprender las
estructuras maacutes complejas del idioma ingleacutes sirvan de instrumento en la
interpretacioacuten de textos pasando de la lectura general a la especiacutefica o detallada
Reconocer y usar el lenguaje escrito y los signos de puntuacioacuten en la redaccioacuten de
textos de uso praacutectico desde una nota o carta informal hasta la redaccioacuten de una
carta de negocios o un reporte o resumen de un texto
TEMA UNO
Uso de los tres tiempos fundamentales en la redaccioacuten y la expresioacuten oral y
consecuencias de un acto empleando para ello el conectivo if
11 Contraste temporal pasado presente y futuro
12 Oraciones subordinadas condicionales con if
DESARROLLO
Present Future Real Conditional
We use real conditional to express
Scientific facts Imperatives general truths habits recurring evens situation in the
future
A REAL CONDITIONAL sentence has two clauses an if- clause and a result
clause The if clause expresses a condition and the result expresses the result
(IF the conditional occurs)
6 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Formula
IF- CLAUSE RESULT-CLAUSE
If+ subject+ verb in base form+ complement subject+verb present+compl
Subject+will+verb present+comp
Note We can begin a real conditional sentence with the if clause or the result the if-clause or the result-
clause We use a comma between the two clauses when the if-clause comes first
Examples
If you go to Hawii you travel by airplane
If you heatsnow it will melt
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause or both clauses
Example
If you donacutet feel well stay in bed
If you go to Japan donacutet wear your nick tennis
Donacutet go to Paris if you donacutet like wine
Question The question is formed only in the result clause NOT in the if-clause
What happenes if you hot water
If you hot water what happenes
PRESENT UNREAL CONDITIONAL
7 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In a present unreal conditional sentence the if-clause presents the unreal
condition The result clause presents the unreal or imagined result of that
condition
FORMULA
If-clause Result-clause
If+ subject+verb in past+complement subject+ modal +base verb +complement
would
could
might
We use present unreal conditional to express unreal or imagined situation in the
present
Example
If I were a runner I would practices
If she were rich she would be unhappy
We could do it if we tried
They might pass if they studied
Note would shows intention could shows ability or possibility might shows possibility
8 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
9 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
10 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
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1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
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7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
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This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
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Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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Guadalajara Jalisco
Junio de 2008
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SECRETARIacuteA DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO -xXXx-
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol IV
DIRECTORIO
SECRETARIO DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO
COORDINADOR DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
SUPERIOR Y TECNOLOacuteGICA
DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
DIRECCIOacuteN DEL BACHILLERATO EN LA MODALIDAD
INTENSIVA SEMIESCOLARIZADA
XXX
PROYECTOS ACADEacuteMICOS DE LA DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
Academia
Caacuterdenas Martiacuten del Campo Ma Guadalupe
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NOMBRE DE LA ASIGNATURA
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol Ingleacutes IV
CICLO AacuteREA O MOacuteDULO CLAVE DE LA ASIGNATURA
MOacuteDULO IV LAEI4M07
OBJETIVO(S) GENERAL(ES) DE LA ASIGNATURA
Praacutecticar los conocimientos adquiridos en los tres cursos anteriores y aprender las
estructuras maacutes complejas del idioma ingleacutes sirvan de instrumento en la
interpretacioacuten de textos pasando de la lectura general a la especiacutefica o detallada
Reconocer y usar el lenguaje escrito y los signos de puntuacioacuten en la redaccioacuten de
textos de uso praacutectico desde una nota o carta informal hasta la redaccioacuten de una
carta de negocios o un reporte o resumen de un texto
TEMA UNO
Uso de los tres tiempos fundamentales en la redaccioacuten y la expresioacuten oral y
consecuencias de un acto empleando para ello el conectivo if
11 Contraste temporal pasado presente y futuro
12 Oraciones subordinadas condicionales con if
DESARROLLO
Present Future Real Conditional
We use real conditional to express
Scientific facts Imperatives general truths habits recurring evens situation in the
future
A REAL CONDITIONAL sentence has two clauses an if- clause and a result
clause The if clause expresses a condition and the result expresses the result
(IF the conditional occurs)
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Formula
IF- CLAUSE RESULT-CLAUSE
If+ subject+ verb in base form+ complement subject+verb present+compl
Subject+will+verb present+comp
Note We can begin a real conditional sentence with the if clause or the result the if-clause or the result-
clause We use a comma between the two clauses when the if-clause comes first
Examples
If you go to Hawii you travel by airplane
If you heatsnow it will melt
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause or both clauses
Example
If you donacutet feel well stay in bed
If you go to Japan donacutet wear your nick tennis
Donacutet go to Paris if you donacutet like wine
Question The question is formed only in the result clause NOT in the if-clause
What happenes if you hot water
If you hot water what happenes
PRESENT UNREAL CONDITIONAL
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In a present unreal conditional sentence the if-clause presents the unreal
condition The result clause presents the unreal or imagined result of that
condition
FORMULA
If-clause Result-clause
If+ subject+verb in past+complement subject+ modal +base verb +complement
would
could
might
We use present unreal conditional to express unreal or imagined situation in the
present
Example
If I were a runner I would practices
If she were rich she would be unhappy
We could do it if we tried
They might pass if they studied
Note would shows intention could shows ability or possibility might shows possibility
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We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
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5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
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2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
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Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
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Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
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She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
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Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
4 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
SECRETARIacuteA DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO -xXXx-
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol IV
DIRECTORIO
SECRETARIO DE EDUCACIOacuteN JALISCO
COORDINADOR DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
SUPERIOR Y TECNOLOacuteGICA
DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
DIRECCIOacuteN DEL BACHILLERATO EN LA MODALIDAD
INTENSIVA SEMIESCOLARIZADA
XXX
PROYECTOS ACADEacuteMICOS DE LA DIRECCIOacuteN GENERAL DE EDUCACIOacuteN MEDIA SUPERIOR
Academia
Caacuterdenas Martiacuten del Campo Ma Guadalupe
5 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
NOMBRE DE LA ASIGNATURA
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol Ingleacutes IV
CICLO AacuteREA O MOacuteDULO CLAVE DE LA ASIGNATURA
MOacuteDULO IV LAEI4M07
OBJETIVO(S) GENERAL(ES) DE LA ASIGNATURA
Praacutecticar los conocimientos adquiridos en los tres cursos anteriores y aprender las
estructuras maacutes complejas del idioma ingleacutes sirvan de instrumento en la
interpretacioacuten de textos pasando de la lectura general a la especiacutefica o detallada
Reconocer y usar el lenguaje escrito y los signos de puntuacioacuten en la redaccioacuten de
textos de uso praacutectico desde una nota o carta informal hasta la redaccioacuten de una
carta de negocios o un reporte o resumen de un texto
TEMA UNO
Uso de los tres tiempos fundamentales en la redaccioacuten y la expresioacuten oral y
consecuencias de un acto empleando para ello el conectivo if
11 Contraste temporal pasado presente y futuro
12 Oraciones subordinadas condicionales con if
DESARROLLO
Present Future Real Conditional
We use real conditional to express
Scientific facts Imperatives general truths habits recurring evens situation in the
future
A REAL CONDITIONAL sentence has two clauses an if- clause and a result
clause The if clause expresses a condition and the result expresses the result
(IF the conditional occurs)
6 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Formula
IF- CLAUSE RESULT-CLAUSE
If+ subject+ verb in base form+ complement subject+verb present+compl
Subject+will+verb present+comp
Note We can begin a real conditional sentence with the if clause or the result the if-clause or the result-
clause We use a comma between the two clauses when the if-clause comes first
Examples
If you go to Hawii you travel by airplane
If you heatsnow it will melt
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause or both clauses
Example
If you donacutet feel well stay in bed
If you go to Japan donacutet wear your nick tennis
Donacutet go to Paris if you donacutet like wine
Question The question is formed only in the result clause NOT in the if-clause
What happenes if you hot water
If you hot water what happenes
PRESENT UNREAL CONDITIONAL
7 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In a present unreal conditional sentence the if-clause presents the unreal
condition The result clause presents the unreal or imagined result of that
condition
FORMULA
If-clause Result-clause
If+ subject+verb in past+complement subject+ modal +base verb +complement
would
could
might
We use present unreal conditional to express unreal or imagined situation in the
present
Example
If I were a runner I would practices
If she were rich she would be unhappy
We could do it if we tried
They might pass if they studied
Note would shows intention could shows ability or possibility might shows possibility
8 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
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5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
10 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
5 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
NOMBRE DE LA ASIGNATURA
Lengua Adicional al Espantildeol Ingleacutes IV
CICLO AacuteREA O MOacuteDULO CLAVE DE LA ASIGNATURA
MOacuteDULO IV LAEI4M07
OBJETIVO(S) GENERAL(ES) DE LA ASIGNATURA
Praacutecticar los conocimientos adquiridos en los tres cursos anteriores y aprender las
estructuras maacutes complejas del idioma ingleacutes sirvan de instrumento en la
interpretacioacuten de textos pasando de la lectura general a la especiacutefica o detallada
Reconocer y usar el lenguaje escrito y los signos de puntuacioacuten en la redaccioacuten de
textos de uso praacutectico desde una nota o carta informal hasta la redaccioacuten de una
carta de negocios o un reporte o resumen de un texto
TEMA UNO
Uso de los tres tiempos fundamentales en la redaccioacuten y la expresioacuten oral y
consecuencias de un acto empleando para ello el conectivo if
11 Contraste temporal pasado presente y futuro
12 Oraciones subordinadas condicionales con if
DESARROLLO
Present Future Real Conditional
We use real conditional to express
Scientific facts Imperatives general truths habits recurring evens situation in the
future
A REAL CONDITIONAL sentence has two clauses an if- clause and a result
clause The if clause expresses a condition and the result expresses the result
(IF the conditional occurs)
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Formula
IF- CLAUSE RESULT-CLAUSE
If+ subject+ verb in base form+ complement subject+verb present+compl
Subject+will+verb present+comp
Note We can begin a real conditional sentence with the if clause or the result the if-clause or the result-
clause We use a comma between the two clauses when the if-clause comes first
Examples
If you go to Hawii you travel by airplane
If you heatsnow it will melt
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause or both clauses
Example
If you donacutet feel well stay in bed
If you go to Japan donacutet wear your nick tennis
Donacutet go to Paris if you donacutet like wine
Question The question is formed only in the result clause NOT in the if-clause
What happenes if you hot water
If you hot water what happenes
PRESENT UNREAL CONDITIONAL
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In a present unreal conditional sentence the if-clause presents the unreal
condition The result clause presents the unreal or imagined result of that
condition
FORMULA
If-clause Result-clause
If+ subject+verb in past+complement subject+ modal +base verb +complement
would
could
might
We use present unreal conditional to express unreal or imagined situation in the
present
Example
If I were a runner I would practices
If she were rich she would be unhappy
We could do it if we tried
They might pass if they studied
Note would shows intention could shows ability or possibility might shows possibility
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We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
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5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
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2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
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Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
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Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
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1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
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She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
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7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
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Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
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Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
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81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
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Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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Formula
IF- CLAUSE RESULT-CLAUSE
If+ subject+ verb in base form+ complement subject+verb present+compl
Subject+will+verb present+comp
Note We can begin a real conditional sentence with the if clause or the result the if-clause or the result-
clause We use a comma between the two clauses when the if-clause comes first
Examples
If you go to Hawii you travel by airplane
If you heatsnow it will melt
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause or both clauses
Example
If you donacutet feel well stay in bed
If you go to Japan donacutet wear your nick tennis
Donacutet go to Paris if you donacutet like wine
Question The question is formed only in the result clause NOT in the if-clause
What happenes if you hot water
If you hot water what happenes
PRESENT UNREAL CONDITIONAL
7 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In a present unreal conditional sentence the if-clause presents the unreal
condition The result clause presents the unreal or imagined result of that
condition
FORMULA
If-clause Result-clause
If+ subject+verb in past+complement subject+ modal +base verb +complement
would
could
might
We use present unreal conditional to express unreal or imagined situation in the
present
Example
If I were a runner I would practices
If she were rich she would be unhappy
We could do it if we tried
They might pass if they studied
Note would shows intention could shows ability or possibility might shows possibility
8 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
9 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
10 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
7 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In a present unreal conditional sentence the if-clause presents the unreal
condition The result clause presents the unreal or imagined result of that
condition
FORMULA
If-clause Result-clause
If+ subject+verb in past+complement subject+ modal +base verb +complement
would
could
might
We use present unreal conditional to express unreal or imagined situation in the
present
Example
If I were a runner I would practices
If she were rich she would be unhappy
We could do it if we tried
They might pass if they studied
Note would shows intention could shows ability or possibility might shows possibility
8 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
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5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
10 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
14 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
8 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
We often use the sentence ldquoIf I were I wouldhelliprdquo to give advice In spoken English
some people was instead of were in the if-clause
Example
If I were I would speak French to my teacher (formal)
If I was you Iacuted speak English to my friends (informal)
Negative The verbs can be negative in the if-clause the result-clause or both
clauses
Examples
If I were in a mosque I would l not wear shorts
I would date him if he werenacutet so boring
I wouldnacutet have money if I didnacutet have job
Question The question is formed only the result clause not in the if-clause
If you won a millon dollars would you give me some money
If you were aloe on a desert island could you survive
What would you do if someone told you lie
Work in class
Write 10 sentence with use each ones Listen the CD Answer the questions
Homework
Complete each of the following sentences with an If- clause
1 ______________________________ I can buy a house and car
2 ______________________________ I go to the bed early
3 ______________________________ I should starting save money now
4 _____________________________ go to the dentist
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5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
10 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
14 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
9 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
5 _____________________________ call your mother
6 __________________________ go to the library
7 __________________________ take the bath
10 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
14 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
10 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
2 TEMA DOS
El uso del gerundio (V-ing) en oraciones que expresan acuerdo o desacuerdo y
oraciones causales unidas con because
21 Gerundios A gerund is a form of verb that fuctions as a noun and ends
in ing Certainverbs like enjoy mind stop considerappreciate and finish can be
followed by gerunds but not infinitive (use because when you explain something)
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb base form+ ing+ because+ subject+ verb+ complement
Example
He enjoys studying English because I need for my university
You finished reading that book because it was important for myself
She has stopped trying to be first because I wanted to win
22 Respuestas cortas del tipo ldquoyo tambieacutenrdquo ldquoyo tampocordquo etc If two
sentences have different subjects but the same verb you can shorten the second
sentence by using an auxilary verb (do did was will etc) + too so either or
neither
Formula
Affirmative
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+another subject+ auxiliary+ too
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
11 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Too follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shorterned sentence
Formula
Subject+ verb in infinitive+ base verb+ comp+ So+ auxiliary+ another subject
Example
Jonh likes to study French So do I
Negative
Either follows the auxiliary verb or be in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary +verb base form +compl +another subject +auxiliary+ either
Example
You donacutet like to study English Mary doesnacutet either
The auxiliary verb or be follows neither in the shortened sentence
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary in negative+ infinitive+ compl+ neither+ auxiliary+ another subj
Example
You donacutet like to study Spanish Neither does Joan
23 Oraciones subordinadas con because
Work in class Work with partener and invent story Use all these formulas
3 TEMA TRES
La voz pasiva para sentildealar quieacuten recibe la accioacuten en los casos en que esto uacuteltimo
es maacutes importante que sentildealar quieacuten la ejecuta The passive voice occurs in both
spoken and written english and it is used very frequently in technical writing Most
verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice In sentences in the
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
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Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
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1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
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She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
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7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
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Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
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81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
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Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
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could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
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Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
12 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
active voice the primary focus is on subject (the agent or do er of action) To give
prijmary focus to the object of the sentence the sentence can be changed to the
passive voices
To form the passive voice use be+ the past participle of he main verb
31 Voz pasiva con by (pasado simple)
Formula
Simple past
Subject+ verb simple past+ compl subject+ aux+ verb in past+ by+ subject
Example
The Dutch invited a simple telescope A simple telescope was invented by the
Dutch
32 Voz pasiva sin by (presente simple)
Simple present
Formula
Subject+ verb in base form+ compl Subject+ auxiliary+ past participle+ by+ subjec
Example
Dan reads the magnific book The magnific book read Dan
13 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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Work in class
Change the passive voice
Mario pass his test
Maricela goes to the bookstore
Gloria and Mike learn French
Dany speaks very fast English
__________________________________________________________________
Listen the cassett and answer the questions
Homework
Read the story and answer the questions
4 TEMA CUATRO
Pasado continuo y presente perfecto continuo en conversaciones
41 Pasado continuo en oposicioacuten a pasado simple
Past Continuos
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The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
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1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
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She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
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7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
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Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
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Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
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81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
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Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
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Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
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could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
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Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
14 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
The past continuos tenses describe a past action which was going on when
another action took piace
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You were playing guitar
42 Presente perfecto continuo
Present perfect continuo
Describes an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present in
many cases it can be used interchangeably with present perfect tense
Present perfect continuos tenses with havehas been and present participle of the
main verb
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb base form+ ing+ compl
Example
You have been playing with your son
You have been working in the school
Work in class
Fill in the blank to complete each sentences Use present perfect continuous
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1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
15 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1- I am taking to my mom I __________________ (talk) to her 3 hours
2- It`s rainning now It ____________________(rain) since Friday
3- Dan and You are studying Spanish We __________________ (study) Spanish
for one week
4- My parents___________________ (travel) around the world for two months
5- Dan is sick He ____________________ (feel not) very well lately
5TEMA CINCO
Practica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
51 Contrastes temporales presente pasado y futuro
Repaso general
Present tense can describe habits routines or events that happen regularly It
can also express opinion or make general stamen of fact
Formula
Subject+verb simple form+ complement
I go to school every day
I always study English
She speaks with me
Past We use the simple past for events or action in the past We add- ed to
regular verbs to form the simple past tense See the appendix for a list of regular
verbs
Formula
Subject+ verb in simple past+ complement
Example
I worked in factory yesterday
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
16 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
She lost her notebook last week
Future We use be going to when we want to ask about or discuss plans and to
make predictions about the future
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ base verb+ complement
Example
Juan is going to go vacation next year
REPASO
Will to ask or discuss general facts predictions and promises about the future
We use will when we are deciding to do something at the time of speaking We can
also use will to ask or to offer something We donacutet use will when the plans were
made before this moment
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ verb in simple form+ complement
Example
I will learn Japanese
Heacutell drive a new car
52 Oraciones subordinadas con if
53 Gerundios empleados en respuestas cortas
54 Oraciones subordinadas con because
55 Voz pasiva
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56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
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81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
17 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
56 Pasado simple y pasado continuo
57 Presente perfecto continuo
Work in class
Invent the story and use all this in your story min 30 lines max 50 lines
Homework
Write a sentence with these
6TEMA SEIS
Participios presentes y pasados como adjetivos
61 Participios que funcionan como adjetivos
Many adjetives are customarily followed by centrain preposition The follow ing is
short list some common combination in English
62 Oraciones relativas
Formula
Subject+ verb simple form+ adjetive+ prepotion + complement
Example
She is not accostumed to getting up early
Sheacutes afraid of her teacher
63 Vocabulario relacionado con el arte cinematograacutefico
Work in class
Investigate in your diccionary 20 news of relation of art cinema with group and
discussion for words
Write 5 sentences using the formula
Homework
Investigate 6 more words of art cinema
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
19 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
18 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
7 TEMA SIETE
Los modales auxiliares en oraciones que indican probabilidad o aproximacioacuten y
periacutefrasis verbales que sentildealan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
The modal auxilaries (can could should may might must ought to shall etc)
form a special group because the donacutet use normal verb tense endings Instead
they are used with verbs to create special meanings Also their meanings change
according to the context of the sentence
The simple form of a main verb follows a modal auxiliary Not appears after the
modal to form negative
71 Modales may might must could
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Examples
You can open the principal door
You must see the doctor
She may pay her bills
72 Adverbios maybe perhaps probably Express possibility These adverbs
usually come at the beginning of the sentence Perhaps is more formal than
maybe
Formula
Affirmative
Modal+ subject+ auxiliary (will)+ base verb+ complement
Example
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
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Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
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81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
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Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
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Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
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Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
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Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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Maybe I will study for exam
Perhaps I will finish my English course
73 Permiso (can to be allowed to) obligacioacuten (have to have got to)
prohibicioacuten (can‟t not to be allowed to)
Obligation (Have Has to Should Must Have got to ought to etc) Sometimes to
express obligation and different levels
Formula
Subject+ modal verb+ verb in base form+ complement
Example
You have to work in your job
You should go to the doctor
You must to be on time
Negative
Formula
Subject+ modal+ not+ base verb+ complement
Example
You have not to visit your girlfriend
You should not play in the park
Question
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
20 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Modal+ subject+ base verb+ complement
Example
Should I study for university test
Permission (can could might may) This using sometimes for permission
May itacutes more formal People of different age groups people who perform services
such as waiters or salespeople often use it
Could appears in formal or information requests for permission but not normally in
answers
Can and Might are the least formals It appears in questions and answers
Formula
Question
Modal+ subject+ verb base form+ complement
Answer
Yesno+ +subject+ modal verb+ (not if negative)
Example
May I go out with friends
Yes you may (might)
No you may not
Can you help me please
Yes I can
No I Canacutet (can not)
Could you open the door please
Yes I can
No I canacutet (can not)
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
21 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Prohibition We use when you can not do something and you like to do
something
Formula
Subject+ auxiliary+ not+ verb base form+ complement
Example
You can not go to the parties this wekeen
Work in class
Listen to the conversation Answer question
Invent story with your groups using these elements
Homework
Complete the sentences Use the modals expression and the box below
Eat meat be late for class smoke disobey
Drive too fast cheat on each other arrive late
Give too much homework ask people for money
1 A student ____________________________________________________
2 A vegetarian belives that you ____________________________________
3 A drive______________________________________________________
4 Some city councils belive tha panhandlers_________________________
5 When you go to the interview you_____________________________
6 A kind teacher______________________________________________
7 Children__________________________ their parents
8 A girlfriend and boyfriend ________________________________________
8 TEMA OCHO
Oraciones subordinadas condicionales e irreales tanto en tiempo presento como
en pasado
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
22 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
81 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
82 Modales auxiliares en pasado
Work in class
Invent the story using these
Homework
Write 2 sentences each ones
9 TEMA NUEVE
Esquemas de informacioacuten indirecta a las estructuras orales y escritas que ya se
manejan en el idioma ingleacutes
91 Peticiones en informacioacuten indirecta
Direct information quotation gives the words of speakers exactly as spoken
Formula
Subject+ said+ ldquo+ subject+ verb in form+ ing +compl
Example
Marisol said ldquoI am leaving tomorrowrdquo
Indirect information quotation reports on someoneacutes words indirectly The
pronouns used in an indirect quotation are different from those in a direct
quotation
Formula
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
23 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Barbara said Joan ldquo I have coldrdquo=Direct
Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
92 Respuestas en informacioacuten indirecta
Formula
Subject+ told+ another subject + that+ subject+ verb in past+ compl
Example
Yes Barbara told Joan that she had a cold= Indirect
93 Vocabulario relativo a excusas pretextos o explicaciones
We use the Word SORRY When you want to said excuse
Formula
Sorry+ subject+ verb in past+ complement
Wh+ auxiliary (did)+ subject+ verb in simple form+ complement
Because+ subject+ verb in past
Example
Sorry I forgot my homework
Why did you forget your homework
Because my little sister broke my book
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
24 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Excuse me can I enter the class Because I had an accident when I come to
school
Work in class
Listen the CD and answers questions
Write a situation use these
Homework
Read and answer questions
10 TEMA DIEZ
Praacutectica oral y escrita Letacutes going to take Review (Depends of the teacher)
101 Participios utilizados en funcioacuten de adjetivos y oraciones relativas
102 Modales auxiliares may might must could y adverbios de probabilidad
maybe perhaps probably
103 Periacutefrasis verbales que denotan permiso obligacioacuten o prohibicioacuten
104 Oraciones condicionales que expresan situaciones irreales con if
105 Modales auxiliares en tiempo pasado
106 Informacioacuten indirecta
25 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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ANEXO
TEXTOS PARA EL MAESTRO
Work in class
1- Read the story
2- Put the underline the tense we see
3- Invent the different final and write down
MATH KNOWLEDGE
Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant arguing about the average
mathematical knowledge of the American public One mathematician claimed that this
average was woefully inadequate the other maintained that it was surprisingly high
Ill tell you what said the cynic ask that waitress a simple math question If she gets it
right Ill pick up dinner If not you do He then excused himself to visit the mens room
and the other called the waitress over
When my friend comes back he told her Im going to ask you a question and I want you
26 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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to respond one third x cubed Theres twenty bucks in it for you She agreed
The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over The food was
wonderful thank you the mathematician started Incidentally do you know what the
integral of x squared is
The waitress looked pensive almost pained She looked around the room at her feet
made gurgling noises and finally said Um one third x cubed
So the cynic paid the check The waitress wheeled around walked a few paces away
looked back at the two men and muttered under her breath plus a constant
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Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
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their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
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Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
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could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
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Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
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looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
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Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
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I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
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Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
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Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
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In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
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After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
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availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
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Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
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Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
27 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Read change the final
2- If you donacutet understand the words find in your diccionary
3- Work with your pantener
Story is talking about Mafalda
A New Year with the strength of Mafalda
Miguelito Dear children I wish we have a peaceful year in the world
Mafalda Mmmm no that wont work
Felipe OK lets try a year of prosperity for everyone
Mafalda Mmmm that wont work either
Susanita All right how about a year full of love
Mafalda No way that wont work
Libertad I know it Lets ask for a year of justice and equity
Mafalda Merde sounds like that wont work either
Manolito Here it comes heres mine I say a year of professional success and reward for the efforts
Mafalda And when did you see anyone get rewarded for
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
29 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
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1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
28 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
their efforts
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Well a year when all your wishes come true
Mafalda But few times do wishes really come true
Libertad Stop Just a better world in which wonders come true
Mafalda You not the slightest intention to improve huh
Everyone Too bad So much for New Years toast
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm Ive got it Here it goes
Traduccion for the teacher Mafalda
Antildeo Nuevo a fuerza de Mafaldas
Miguelito Queridos nintildeos deseo que tengamos un antildeo de paz en el mundo
Mafalda Mmmm eso no va a andar
Felipe Bue pongamosleacute un antildeo de prosperidad para todos
Mafalda Mmmm eso tampoco va a andar
Susanita Estaacute bien queacute tal un antildeo lleno de amor
Mafalda Ni locos eso no va a andar
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Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
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could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
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Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
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Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
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Libertad Ya seacute pidamos un antildeo de justicia y equidad
Mafalda Merde parece que eso tampoco va a andar
Manolito Acaacute va esta es miacutea propongo un antildeo de eacutexitos profesionales y recompensa por los esfuerzos
Mafalda Y cuaacutendo viste que se recompensara a alguien por los esfuerzos
Susanita Aghhhhhhhhh Bueno un antildeo en el que se cumplan todos sus deseos
Mafalda Pero a la gente se le cumplen pocas veces los deseos
Libertad Basta poneacute un mundo mejor en el que se cumplan las utopiacuteas
Mafalda Vos ni la menor intencioacuten de ser mejor no
Todos Queacute paacutelida se pudrioacute el brindis de fin de antildeo
Mafalda Mmmmmmmmmmm ya seacute Acaacute estaacute
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
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could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
30 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds you didnacutet undestand in your diccionary
2- You have to translate the information and change the final
3-Depends of the teacher
Over the centuries the people of London have survived plague fire war and disaster
And on a smaller scale they have also lived through times when cruelty was an
everyday fact of life
In Southwark one of the very oldest parts of London an unusual museum reminds
Londoners of these much harder times The LONDON DUNGEON has exhibits which look
at the way in which people were punished tortured and executed as a matter of course
in the past But the most chilling exhibit of all relates to Jack the Ripper the name given
to the man who committed some of the most dreadful murders London has ever known
These took place between August 30th and November 9th in 1888 The murderer seemed
to appear out of the thick fogs which shrouded the city at this time and then disappear
without a trace
JACK THE RIPPER
The first known victim of Jack the Ripper was Mary Polly Nicholls Police Constable John
Neil found her body in the streets in the early hours of the morning on Thursday 30th
August He was shocked to find her throat cut and her body badly hacked by a knife It
looked like the work of a surgeon gone mad But Mary Nicholls was lucky compared to the
Rippers other victims The Ripper had cut their throats and opened their bodies to take
out many internal organs The Ripper mutilated his last victim so badly it was almost
impossible to recognize her London went mad with fear and loathing To what purpose
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
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Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
31 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
could the murderer possibly put the body parts he had taken from his victims
THE SUSPECTS
The police came under enormous pressure to solve the crimes But no-one was ever
brought to trial Many people still speculate to this day about the Rippers real identity
Among the suspects are George Chapman a poisoner who was hanged in 1903 John
Pizer a shoemaker Aaron Kosminski a madman who hated women the Queens doctor
Sir William Gull and even such members of the royal family as Prince Albert or the Duke
of Clarence Whatever the truth about the identity of Jack the Ripper staff at the London
Dungeon can tell you that his evil influence lives on to this day
SEPTEMBER 30 AT THE DUNGEON
Every year on 30th September the museum experiences major technical problems with
the installation dedicated to Jack the Ripper The lighting goes out on the scenes of the
two women murdered on that day The atmosphere crackles with a strange tension At
other times employees have experienced bizarre happenings when alone Candles
suddenly light in the darkness Sound effects come on in the middle of the night Shadowy
beings flit across the visual displays Voices murmur from the Ripper exhibit Whatever
the cause of these strange happenings it is certainly true that Jack the Ripper has left a
mark on the minds of Londoners that no amount of time can remove
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Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
32 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Work in class
1- Find the worlds didnacutet you understand
2-Change the final
3- (Depends of the teacher)Translate the information You can practices the all tense we
saw
The mysterious figure of Peterhouse College
in Cambridge University
The ghost of an 18th century suicide victim was stalking the corridors of
Peterhouse College in Cambridge University and perturbed professors wanted
to call in an exorcist The college bursar and two butlers reported seeing the
mysterious figure in an oak-panelled dining room
Founded in 1284 Peterhouse is Cambridge Universitys oldest college
Historians in the town can tell you a great deal about the colleges well-
documented history They know every recorded fact detail and date of the
colleges buildings They can list with pride the many famous academics and
alumni from Peterhouse who have made a mark on the world But today
gossips in Cambridge have no interest in any of these glories of the colleges
past Talk now focuses only on the past lives of Peterhouses servants and
staff The sudden appearance of a ghost in a college dining room is to blame
The ghost was first seen last year by two college butlers who were tidying
away after a formal dinner in the Combination Room At exactly the same
moment the two men became aware of a faint figure stepping out from the
wooden panelling of the walls The ghost moved towards the rooms famous
William Morris fireplace And then it simply disappeared Alarmed both men
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
33 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
looked at each other They knew they had seen the exact same thing an
unhappy soul from Peterhouses past
At first the college bursar Andrew Murison dismissed all the reports of a ghost
But Murison changed his mind a few months later He went into the Combination
Room a little before midnight to get some fruit left in a bowl on the table The
room was as cold as a tomb he remembers But the central heating was on
full Suddenly all the heating pipes screeched eerily together A dark figure
stirred at the back of the room Not surprisingly Murison says he raced out of
the room without looking back
After this Graham Ward the dean of Peterhouse called in a priest to ask how
the college could get rid of the ghost Unfortunately for everyone the religious
rites that deal with this sort of haunting are completely out of step with the
demands of a modern-day institution To see a ghost off for good everyone who
lives or works in a haunted building must gather together to take part in a
religious service with the priest This is impossible to arrange in a college where
everyones time is taken up with research lectures conferences exams and
all the many tasks of running a complex seat of learning
So the ghost at Peterhouse is likely to disturb the college for some time to
come Many people in the college are keen to know the true identity of their
uninvited guest Some people link the ghost to the great uncle of George
Washington bursar of Peterhouse in 1695 But many others simply dismiss this
connection as far-fetched
These people suggest the ghost might well be Francis Dawes bursar of
Peterhouse until 1787 The unfortunate Dawes oversaw the election of a
master of the college who thereafter made his life as bursar sheer misery In
complete despair Dawes hanged himself from a bell rope This unhappy
death may be cause enough for Dawes spirit to walk again But until more
evidence can be found no-one can be really sure
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
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I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
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Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
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availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
34 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Help I need somebody somebody se usa en frases afirmativas significa alguieacuten help not just anybody anybody se usa en frases negativas significa alguieacuten help you know I need someone help When I was younger so much younger than today younger = young + er significa maacutes joveacuten I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors present perfect simple subject + have + participle Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me es la abreviacioacuten de la forma negativa de will= will + not And now my life has changed in oh so many ways so junto a many se usa para dar idea de gran cantidad my independence seems to vanish in the haze But every now and then I feel so insecure esta frase significa de vez en cuando I know that I just need you like Ive never done before en esta frase like actuacutea como adverbio= como Help me if you can Im feeling down present continuos= subject + vb + ing and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground wont you please please help me When I was younger so much younger than today
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
35 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
I never needed anybodys help in any way But now these days are gone Im not so self assured significa lleno de seguridad now I find Ive changed my mind and opened up the doors Help me if you can Im feeling down and I do appreciate you being round Help me get my feet back on the ground get back significa retornar wont you please please help me help me help me oh
Copy and Traduce
Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better Hey Jude dont be afraid You were made to go out and get her The minute you let her under your skin then you begin to make it better And anytime you feel the pain hey Jude refrain dont carry the world upon your shoulders For well you know that its a fool who plays it cool by making his world a little colder Hey Jude dont let me down You have found her now go and get her Remember to let her into your heart then you can start to make it better So let it out and let it in hey Jude begin youre waiting for someone to perform with And dont you know that its just you hey Jude youll do the movement you need is on your shoulder Hey Jude dont make it bad Take a sad song and make it better Remember to let her under your skin then youll begin to make it better better better better better better oh
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
36 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Copy and Traduce
Across The Universe
Words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup
They slither while they pass they slip away across the universe Pools of sorrow waves of joy are drifting through my open mind Possessing and caressing me Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Images of broken light which dance before me like a million eyes That call me on and on across the universe Thoughts meander like a restless wind inside a letter box they Tumble blindly as they make their way Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world Sounds of laughter shades of earth are ringing Through my open views inviting and inciting me Limitless undying love which shines around me like a million suns it calls me on and on Across the universe Jai guru de va om Nothings gonna change my world Nothings gonna change my world
Copy and Traduce
Everything I do
Look into my eyes you will see
What you mean to me
Search your heart search your soul
And when you find me there youll search no more
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
You cant tell me its not worth dyin for
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
37 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Look into my heart you will find
Theres nothin there to hide
So take me as I am take my life
I would give it all I would sacrifice
Dont tell me its not worth fightin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Theres no love like your love
And no other could give more love
Theres nowhere unless youre there
All the time all the way
Dont tell me its not worth tryin for
I cant help it theres nothin I want more
I would fight for you Id lie for you
Walk the wire for you yeah Id die for you
You know its true
Everything I do I do it for you
Copy and Traduce after use the material for conversacion in class this can use well for speak estrategy for presentation for exams by another lengua
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language The test was developed by
Educational Testing Services or ETS and has been used by universities and colleges for
many years as a way to judge the English ability of potential students
The old paper-based TOEFl tests are being phased out in favour of the TOEFL iBT
(internet based test) The test is divided into four sections and takes about four hours to
complete Here are some things you should know about the new test
The new Speaking section includes independent and integrated tasks
There is no longer a Structure section Grammar is tested on questions and tasks in each
section
Lectures and conversations in the Listening section are longer but note-taking is allowed
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
38 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
In fact note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test
The speech in the listening material sounds more natural Also there are new questions
that measure understanding of a speakers attitude degree of certainty and purpose
The Reading section has new questions that ask test takers to categorize information and
fill in a chart or complete a summary
The Writing section requires typing There is an integrated task in addition to the current
independent task and the scoring guides (rubrics) used for rating are different from the
current test
The Speaking Section
The new speaking section contains six tasks Each task is rated on a scale of 0-4 The
answers are rated by real people and then the average of your scores in converted onto a
scale of 30
The total score for the test is out of 120 and is good for two years
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk
Bear Heart of a Hero to be Featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk Download
this press release as an Adobe PDF document The book Bear Heart of a Hero will be
featured on Animal Planets When Animals Talk hosted by Dr Jane Goodall at 8 pm
(EST) on Sunday June 12
New York NY (PRWEB) June ƠBear Americas most decorated dog and the subject of
the highly acclaimed biography Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and
Nancy West will be featured on the upcoming Animal Planet Jane Goodall special When
Animals Talk The two-hour documentary hosted by Dr Goodall DBE UN Messenger of
Peace explores animal communication with humans and is scheduled to air on Sunday
June 12 at 8 pm (EST) When Animals Talk is being produced for Animal Planet by
London based Tigress Productions This is the networks third collaboration with the world-
renowned scientist and conservationist Animal Planet is available in over 86 million
homes nationwide and is the only television network dedicated exclusively to the
relationship between humans and animals
Bear along with his dad Captain Scott Shields led the first search and rescue teams at
Ground Zero While tirelessly working the pile the eleven-year-old golden retriever was
credited with finding the most victims including beloved FDNY Chief Peter Ganci Bears
story is detailed in the book Bear Heart of a Hero by Captain Scott Shields and Nancy
West Jane Goodall has called the biography of the heroic canine of the best
humananimal relationship stories I know of Bears storyƠboth in his valiant efforts at
Ground Zero and through the work of The Bear Search and Rescue FoundationƩs one of
courage and deserves the attention of everyone
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
39 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
After the World Trade Center tragedy Bear became a goodwill ambassador around the
world He was honored as a Hero to Humanity by the United Nations and his photograph
displayed there for the World Peace Celebration in 2003 Three states have declared
Captain Shields and Bear Days including New York New Jersey and Connecticut The
United States Army the 108th United States Congress and the Queen of Englands Scots
Guards have also honored Bear The Scots Guards even wrote a song in his honor On
September 11 2004 the FDNY-EMS Academy in Fort Totten New York commemorated
the now famous golden by etching his name into a brick that is part of a permanent
monument to the fallen heroes of 911 Bear was wounded at Ground Zero and died one
year later of multiple forms of cancer He was buried as a fireman and his memorial
service attended by thousands on the USS Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York
Harbor
Bears legacy The Bear Search and Rescue Foundation raises funds for equipment
training and transportation for search and rescue teams across the country The
foundations annual Service Dog Day Celebration is held on the decks of the USS Intrepid
Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York Harbor and is open to the public Tigress Productions
filmed portions of this past Septembers event to showcase on the Animal Planet
DESCRIPTION AND NATURAL HISTORY
Physical Description
Moon bears -- or Asiatic black bears -- are medium sized stocky bears averaging 140 - 165 centimeters (45 - 54 feet) tall and weighing 90 - 115 kilograms (198 - 254 pounds) Large males may weigh up to 181 kilograms (400 pounds) Males are larger than females
Moon bears are usually black although some are brown to reddish-brown All have a white crescent or moon-shaped marking on their chest and some white on the chin The hair on their neck and shoulders is long and thick and their big ears are set far apart on a large roundish head Their claws are short and strong enough for climbing
Natural History
Adult moon bears are typically solitary and nocturnal They inhabit tropical rainforests temperate broadleaf forests and tropical monsoon and dry forests Different subspecies are recognized in Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Iran Japan Korea Lao People‟s Democratic Republic Mongolia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Russia Thailand Vietnam and the region of Taiwan China Moon bears are omnivorous feeding on both plants and animals Their diet varies with
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
40 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
availability and location and includes buds fruits and nuts berries small animals and birds carrion insects and honey They may also take livestock or feed on crops if in the vicinity Little is known about their reproduction They are thought to mate from April to June but may mate as early as March or as late as December depending on climate The gestation period may include delayed implantation of the embryo (the embryo floats freely in the womb before it implants in the wall of the uterus) Two black bear cubs are usually born in a cave or hollow tree in May Within about a week the cubs‟ eyes open and they begin to forage with their mother Cubs are weaned at about 35 months but may stay with their mother for up to two years Moon bears are good climbers and swimmers Although they usually walk on all fours they will stand on their hind legs to reach food or to fight Moon bears may be found sleeping or resting in tree nests built while feeding Bears in the northern part of their range hibernate each year from November to March or April in a den cave hollow log or tree cavity Moon bears may live about 25 years in the wild No reliable population estimates exist There are few conservation efforts on their behalf and the legal protection that exists in different regions is rarely enforced
STATUS OF THE SPECIES
Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) lists the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus as Vulnerable The subspecies Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus (Iran and Pakistan) is listed as Critically Endangered Ursus thibetanus is also listed on Appendix I of the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which bans international trade to save the black bear
Threats to the Species
Moon bears are threatened by hunting and collecting (on bear bile farms their gall bladders are used in traditional medicines and their paws are used for food) population fragmentation deforestation and habitat loss human settlement infrastructure (roads dams etc) conflicts with humans and lack of conservation efforts In several Asian countries notably China moon bears are farmed for their bile On these bear bile farms moon bears are kept in small cages where their bile is milked for use in traditional medicines IFAW is working to save the black bear and eliminate bear bile farming to provide humane treatment for bears currently imprisoned on ldquofarmsrdquo and to promote research into alternatives to bear bile in traditional medicines Save the Black Bear From International Trade
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
41 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Bear bile from farmed bears is the most commonly used commodity It is sold legally in China for use in traditional medicines and in teas tonics shampoos and other formulations The illegal trade in moon and black bear parts and derivatives such as meat brain blood bone and paws also continues both within China and internationally
1- Read the information
2- Write the most importants ideas about the moon
3- Explain the importants ideas
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth
orbit 384400 km from Earth diameter 3476 km mass 735e22 kg
The New Solar System
Summarizes what weve learned from interplanetary explorations in the last 25
years My primary reference for The Nine Planets
Full Moon Very high quality reproductions of Apollo images of the Moon If you think the Moon is boring (been there done that) then you havent seen this book
The Once and Future Moon An overview of what we know about our Moon how we came to know it and how we might go back to learn more
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
42 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Called Luna by the Romans Selene and Artemis by the Greeks and many other names in other mythologies
The Moon of course has been known since prehistoric times It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month the angle between the Earth the Moon and the Sun changes we see this as the cycle of the Moons phases The time between successive new moons is 295 days (709 hours) slightly different from the Moons orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time
Due to its size and composition the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planet along with Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959 It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans The first landing was on July 20 1969 (do you remember where you were) the last was in December 1972 The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth In the summer of 1994 the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector
The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects The most obvious is the tides The Moons gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side Since the Earth and particularly the oceans is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon From our perspective on the Earths surface we see two small bulges one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon moves in its orbit the bulges move around the Earth about once a day giving two high tides per day (This is a greatly simplified model actual tides especially near the coasts are much more complicated) But the Earth is not completely fluid either The Earths rotation carries the Earths bulges slightly ahead of the point directly beneath the Moon This means that the force between the Earth and the Moon is not exactly along the line between their centers producing a torque on the Earth and an accelerating force on the Moon This causes a net transfer of rotational energy from the Earth to the Moon slowing down the Earths rotation by about 15 millisecondscentury and raising the Moon into a higher orbit by about 38 centimeters per year (The opposite effect happens to satellites with unusual orbits such as Phobos and Triton) The asymmetric nature of this gravitational interaction is also responsible for the fact that the Moon rotates synchronously ie it is locked in phase with its orbit so that the same side is always facing toward the Earth Just as the Earths rotation is now being slowed by the Moons influence so in the distant past the Moons rotation was slowed by the action of the Earth but in that case the effect was much
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
43 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
stronger When the Moons rotation rate was slowed to match its orbital period (such that the bulge always faced toward the Earth) there was no longer an off-center torque on the Moon and a stable situation was achieved The same thing has happened to most of the other satellites in the solar system Eventually the Earths rotation will be slowed to match the Moons period too as is the case with Pluto and Charon
Actually the Moon appears to wobble a bit (due to its slightly non-circular orbit) so that a few degrees of the far side can be seen from time to time but the majority of the far side (left) was completely unknown until the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 photographed it in 1959 (Note there is no dark side of the Moon all parts of the Moon get sunlight half the time (except for a few deep craters near the poles) Some uses of the term dark side in the past may have referred to the far side as dark in the sense of unknown (eg darkest Africa) but even that meaning is no longer valid today)
The Moon has no atmosphere But evidence from Clementine suggested that there may be water ice in some deep craters near the Moons south pole which are permanently shaded This has now been reinforced by data from Lunar Prospector There is apparently ice at the north pole as well A final determination will probably come from NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter scheduled for 2008
The Moons crust averages 68 km thick and varies from essentially 0 under Mare Crisium to 107 km north of the crater Korolev on the lunar far side Below the crust is a mantle and probably a small core (roughly 340 km radius and 2 of the Moons mass) Unlike the Earth however the Moons interior is no longer active Curiously the Moons center of mass is offset from its geometric center by about 2 km in the direction toward the Earth Also the crust is thinner on the near side
Prior to the study of the Apollo samples there was no consensus about the origin of the Moon There were three principal theories co-accretion which asserted that the Moon and the Earth formed at the same time from the Solar Nebula fission which asserted that the Moon split off of the Earth and capture which held that the Moon formed elsewhere and was subsequently captured by the Earth None of these work very well But the new and detailed information from the Moon rocks led to the impact theory that the Earth collided with a very large object (as big as Mars or more) and that the Moon formed from the ejected material There are still details to be worked out but the impact theory is now widely accepted
The Moon has no global magnetic field But some of its surface rocks exhibit remanent magnetism indicating that there may have been a global magnetic field early in the Moons history
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
44 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
1-Read the story
2- Change the final of the story
ldquoThe ghost storyrdquo
The Double Eagle Restaurant and Peppers Cafe located in Historic Old Mesilla New Mexico have played witness to many colorful and historical events including the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago -- which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848 the negotiation and confirmation of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 Confederate Army occupation in 1861 and the incarceration and trial of Billy the Kid in 1881 Mesilla is now a tiny town sitting next to the much larger Las Cruces New Mexico Mesilla has become the bdquolittle secret‟ of Las Cruces The restaurants and shops of Mesilla have become a must stop for travelers along Interstate 10 With the Texas-New Mexico border only 30 minutes away both New Mexican and Texan toursim professionals send visitors to the sleepy little town Mesilla has become famous for strolling Time seems to slow down as you browse the shops and restaurants of Mesilla
Until acquired by Robert O Anderson in 1972 the property was a private residence Anderson is to be congratulated for his far-sighted wisdom in preserving this National Registered Historical site Major restoration was completed in 1984 by the present owner C W Buddy Ritter a fifth generation New Mexican Double Eagle Restaurants name was derived from a United States gold piece minted in the 1850s The Ten Dollar coin was known as the Eagle and the Twenty Dollar coin as the Double Eagle The antiques found throughout the building have been painstakingly collected over several years The post-Civil War cast-iron entry gates each weigh 1000 pounds The back lights in the Imperial Bar are French Corones with Lalique shades dating from the 1890s Highlighting the decor of the Maximilian Room are the classic French baccarat chandeliers measuring seven feet by three feet each containing more than 1000 hand-cut glass crystals The solid gold ceiling was hand-gilded with 18- and 24-karat gold leaf The 20 gold leafed French mirrors are ornately carved in Greek Revival style The many paintings several of which have their equal only in the finest museums express the charm and ambiance of a bygone era In addition a romantic legend is part of the history of this 150-year-old home This legend tells of the tragic deaths of two young lovers with their eternal ties to each other and The Double Eagle We believe that the friendly spirits of Armando and Inez walk with us to this day
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
45 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
This century-old story was pieced together from old-timers tales newspaper accounts from Mesillas early days and even some private diary entries The digging took a lot of effort as much of Mesillas turbulent and often violent history became enmeshed in the tale Here is the ghost tale as best we can piece together The first owner of the house that is now the Double Eagle Restaurant was the Maes family The family was in the import-export business When its base in Santa Fe was taken by the Americans after the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 they moved south to the area now known as Mesilla From the grand size of the house the Maes family built one can see the family had big plans for the future--especially the mother She was very proud of her family it‟s prestige power and connections Her grand plans centered around her eldest son a teenager named Armando She constantly reminded him of his duty to the family They say Senora Maes had stars in her eyes Such a big house required many servants One of the servants was a teenage girl named Inez who is said to have been very beautiful with long black hair reaching her waist Armando fell in love He knew his mother would not approve and Armando and Inez tried to keep their love a secret But the shy touches chance meetings in the house and other signs of love alerted the other servants to the feelings of the couple Soon the servants were in on the secret and united in hiding the romance from the Senora It was not long before most of the village knew of the young peoples devotion for each other and they too kept the secret The Senora‟s snobbish ways had not made her popular amongst the other villagers The shy young man and the beautiful maiden walking together on an errand across the Plaza caused many an older heart to remember past days and smile Finally however the Senora discerned that lovesick Armando was paying too much attention to Inez Armando confessed his love for Inez but the Senora refused to listen She flew into a rage and ordered Inez from the house She reminded Armando of his station in life and of his duty to his family including the Senoras plans that Armando marry aristocracy in Mexico City Then one day the Senora returned early from a trip The servants reactions triggered her suspicions that something was wrong She asked for Armando but got conflicting answers to where he might be She walked to his bedroom and hearing voices within opened the door There she found beautiful Inez -- in Armandos arms Enraged by the sight the Senora stepped back in shock onto the Patio area and stumbling over her sewing basket pulled her sewing shears from the basket Seemingly in a trance the Senora returned to the bedroom where Armando and
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Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle
46 Guiacutea Descargada desde httpwwwmxgonet Libreriacutea Digital E-BOOKS Gratis
Inez were hastily dressing Without a sound the shears were raised and then plunged into Inezs breast Again the shears were raised Armando screamed No Mama No and rushed to shield his beloved Inez The Senora unseeing drove the shears into her own sons back At Armandos cry of pain the Senora came to her senses and realizing what she had done uttered a scream they say was a stricken and pain-filled as was ever given voice The Senora stepped back to see Inez crumbled on the floor with blood gushing from her gaping wound while Armando himself bleeding from the ragged hole torn in his back cradled her and gently stroked her hair Servants rushed to the door and witnessed the look of tender love exchanged between Armando and Inez As Armando bent to kiss her lips he felt her last breath brush his cheeks now wet with tears As Armando clung to her body he raised his head toward a corner of the room as if watching someone and suddenly a smile burst onto his face He stared raptly as if seeing something unbelievable Then as the Senora called his name and approached to care for his wound Armando collapsed never looking at her Armando never regained consciousness and died three days later It is not known what happened after that but Mesilleros say the Senora did not speak from that day forward Her last spoken word had been her dying son‟s name It is said that the young lovers ghosts inhabit the Carlotta Salon -- formerly Armandos bedroom -- to this day The lively commerce of the Double Eagle Restaurant must have rejuvenated the two spirits because they seem quite active today The ghosts make their presence known in many ways -- never with malice or anger but more like teens high spirited pranks Tables left in one spot have been found in a different place the next morning Wine glasses have been broken without sounding the motion detectors alarm Whispered names and strange perfumes have also been reported And most famously two over-stuffed master and mistress chairs sit in the corner of the Salon -- the first clues leading to discovery of the tale The chairs though rarely used and newly re-upholstered to match the decor show signs of wear The cut velvet fabric is worn in the shape of two human bodies one larger than the other but both small by today‟s standards Perhaps you too will see the famous ghosts of the Double Eagle