GLOSARIO

ACUERDOS

COMERCIALES

San Mateo Educación Superior

Facultad De Ciencias Administrativas y Afines

Bogotá D.C

2016

A

Acuerdos Prefrenciales - Preferential agreements: Is the act of two

or more nations where grant each other favorable conditions in

trade and customs matters in favor of free trade.

Ad Valorem – Ad Valorem: Tariffs charged depending on the

percentage of the goods

Apertura Económica - Economic Openness: Process through which

the economy adjusts to the new market realities and social

relations, as well as global trade and technological change.

Aranceles – Tariffs: It is a tax that is charged directly to the

products which are the subject of import

B

Balanza Comercial - Trade Balance : The trade balance is the

registration of imports and exports of any country for a period and

is one of the components of the balance of payments

Barreras No Arancelarias - Non-tariff Barriers: Laws and

regulations that restrict trade in certain goods.

Bilateralismo – Bilateralism : It is the exchange of goods and

services between two countries through negotiations or

governmental agreements.

C

Comercio – Trade : It is called trade consistent socio-economic activity in the exchange of some materials that are free in the market for buying and selling goods and services, whether for use, for sale or processing

Comercio Interno – Internal Trade : commercial activities within a particular region where marketing a series of products or services develops.

Comercio Interregional – Interregional Trade : Commercial activities conducted between two or more regions that produce goods and services of mutual interest.

Contingentes - Contingent : They are quantitative barriers that limit the amount of product that sets the government granting import licenses narrowly.

Convenio de Kyoto - Kyoto Convention : It is an international agreement taken in 1997 in the field of United Nations seeks to curb climate change.

Cooperación Bilateral - Bilateral Cooperation: It is one in which two countries or institutions of two countries, these relationships are made from government to government, through embassies or agencies involved, which act as instances of cooperation.

Cooperación Financiera - Financial Cooperation: It is offered by some sources, through the allocation of financial resources in order to support development projects. It is divided into refundable and non-refundable.

Cooperacion Internacional – International Cooperation: It is the joint action to support economic and social development of a country, through transfer of technology, knowledge, experience or resources from countries with equal or greater level of development.

Cooperación Triangular - Triangular Cooperation: It is a mixed type of International Cooperation, which combines traditional or vertical cooperation with South-South cooperation, to provide cooperation to a third country developing

Costos – Costs: It is the monetary value of the consumption of factors that involve the exercise of an economic activity for the production of a good, service or activity.

Criterios de Origen- Criteria Of Origin: The origin criteria can be defined in two ways. On the one hand, it can be found that the product is extracted, born, harvested or wholly obtained without the participation of imported items or of unknown origin. Another case that can occur is that the product is manufactured with raw materials, parts or components imported, plus domestic inputs. When this occurs, so that the product qualifies as originating must have undergone a major transformation to convert it into a finished product completely different purposes and uses of raw materials, parts and other materials imported.

D

Desgravaciones – Allowances: They are reductions in taxes are

made directly or gradually.

Dotacion de Factores - Factor Endowments: It is the set of

strengths that a country has in relation to capital, labor and

natural resources.

E

Estudio de Mercado – Market: It consists of a business

initiative in order to get an idea about the commercial viability of

an economic activity.

F

Factores – Factors: Are the resources that contribute to the

creation of a product. Some free goods production also contribute to

land and labor are the capital.

G

Globalizacion- Globalization : Globalization is a term that is

closely related to the word integration (integration of countries,

regions, markets, economies, customs, etc.), and is a process that

has been occurring worldwide, in which many aspects of human life

in some places it has been linking and interconnecting with others

and in general, with the whole world.

Gravamen – Lien: It is a tax that the government fixed income

products within the National Customs Territory.

I

Integracion Economica – Economic Integration: Economic

integration involves economic agreements between countries in

order to generate more free traffic of capital flows, labor, goods and

/ or services between those countries.

Integración Social - Social Integration: Social integration is a

social process of inclusion of marginalized groups in society. Social

integration is based on social equality and its top human

development.

Inversion – Investment : It is an economic term with several

meanings related to savings, capital location, and the

postponement of consumption.

L

Liberacion Comercial - Trade Liberalization: It refers to the

process of reduction or elimination of restrictions on international

trade.

Libre Comercio – Free Trade : Free trade involves the removal

of artificial barriers to trade between individuals and companies

from different countries.

Licencia de Importacion - Import License: It is an

authorization of preconditions to import certain goods in order to

limit and restrict the quantity of imports.

M

Mercado Común - Common Market: A common market is a

type of trade bloc consisting of a combination of customs union and

free trade zone.

Mercantilismo – Mercantilism: It is the set of economic policies

that had as its foundation the market and mentioned that the real

wealth of nations was in the amount of gold or silver that could

accumulate in their trade with the rest of the world.

Monopolio Estatal - State Monopoly: Those organizations and

public companies in which the government has absolute

participation in the determination of prices of goods and services as

well as an absolute market dominance.

N

Networking – Networking :Attend activities and events in

order to increase their professional network and seek business

opportunities.

Normas de Origen - Rules of Origin: The rules of origin are

those agreed by the countries that sign trade agreements and

treaties or that are defined unilaterally by countries in order to

promote the trade of developing countries.

P

Preferencias Arancelarias - Tariff Preferences: Total or

partial deductions that a country applies to its national tariff,

exclusively for one or more other countries that are partners in a

particular type of agreement.

Pruebas Documentales - Documentary Evidence: The

documentary evidence refers to a document where standards or

criteria that must be met for a product to benefit from the

preferential benefits of a particular agreement is mainly directed.

R

Recursos – Resources: A resource is a source or supply which

produces a profit.

Registro de Importations - Import Registration: They are an

administrative procedure by which an application for introduction

into the customs territory of a commodity to be imported is

presented.

S

Subvenciones- Grants: It is a state financial support provided to

producers or traders.

T

Tratado - Treaty : Closing or completion of a negotiation or

dispute, having discussed and reached an agreement.

Tratado de libre comercio TLC - Free Trade Agreement

(FTA): It is a binding trade agreement signed two or more

countries to agree on mutual granting of tariff preferences and

reducing non-tariff trade barriers in goods and services.

U

Union Aduanera – Customs Union :A customs union is a free

trade area that also establishes a common external tariff; ie that

member states establish a common trade policy towards states that

are not members.

Union Economica – Economic Union: It is a higher form of

integration which represents the common market. Add to this a

greater degree of harmonization of national economic policies in an

attempt to eliminate discrimination that can result from

disparities in these policies.

V

Ventaja Absoluta - Absolute Advantage: The absolute

advantage is the ability you have to produce a good using less

input to another producer, ie the absolute advantage is present

when something or someone is the best developing this activity at a

lower cost.

Ventaja Comparativa – Comparative Advantage: It is when a

country specializes in the production of a commodity with a

relatively lower cost compared to the rest of the world in which

they are comparatively more efficient.

Vistos Buenos – Clearances: Permits required for the

importation of certain goods

Z

Zona de Libre Comercio - Free Trade Area: It is an area of a

country where some of the trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas

are eliminated and bureaucratic procedures are reduced with the

aim of attracting new business and foreign investment.