Transcript
Page 1: 1. Las Analogías en La Formulación de La Teoría Electromagnética de La Luz de Maxwell

Las analogías en la formulación de la teoría electromagnética de la luz de Maxwell 

Analogies in the Formulation of Maxwell’s Electromagnetic Theory of Light 

Vladimir Cachón Guillén 

En-claves del Pensamiento, vol. VII, núm. 14, julio-diciembre, 2013, pp. 11-33. Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Campus Ciudad de

México Distrito Federal, México

En-claves del Pensamiento, ISSN (Versión impresa): 1870-879X

[email protected] [email protected]

Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Campus Ciudad de México

México

Page 2: 1. Las Analogías en La Formulación de La Teoría Electromagnética de La Luz de Maxwell

EN­CLAVES del pensamiento!"#$%"&''!"()*+",-!"./01%231415*675"89,:!";;+",,2::+,,

LAS ANALOGÍAS EN LA FORMULACIÓN DE LA TEORÍA ELECTROMAGNÉTICA 

DE LA LUZ DE MAXWELL

VLADIMIR CACHÓN GUILLÉN*

Resumen

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Palabras claveV"0>(5#<"35"E/57F#!"4#*;%"5054=7%*#G(H=14%!"=505G7#E>#"</6*#71(#!"B#CD500!"WU%*;<%(!"X#7#3#M+

Abstract

WU1<"#7=1405"E%4/<5<"%("=U5"=D%"R7<="?#*5<"@057A"B#CD500";#;57<"%("*#G(5=14"01(5<"%E"E%745+"YU#="=%%A"B#CD500"=%"D71=5"#6%/="=U1<"1<</5!"#(3"U%D"313"=U5"=5­4U(%0%G14#0"4174/*<=#(45<"%E"U1<"=1*5"1(N/5(45"U1*O"Z(3!"%K57"#00!"U%D"313"U5"

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Page 3: 1. Las Analogías en La Formulación de La Teoría Electromagnética de La Luz de Maxwell

,8" &0#31*17"@#4UL("e/100H(

EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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Key wordsV"]1(5<"%E"E%745!"5054=7%*#G(5=14"R503!"</6*#71(5"=505G7#;UM!"B#CD500!"WU%*;<%(!"X#7#3#M+

Contemplado desde muy lejos en la historia de la humanidad –digamos que desde diez mil años a partir de ahora– debe haber poca duda de que se 

!"#$%&'()(*+,-'+'.+/'!/"+0*$+$%1#%2!)3%4"+&'.+siglo XIX es el descubrimiento realizado por Maxwell de las leyes de la electrodinámica.

Richard Feynman1

Introducción

I@L*%"<5"50#6%7#("0#<"G7#(35<"=5%7>#<"415(=>R4#<O"^0";7%605*#"U#"%4/;#3%"#"(/*57%<%<"R0L<%E%<"35"0#"415(41#"#0"*5(%<"35<35"Y1001#*"YU5DU500!8 a principios del siglo XIX+"\5<35"5(=%(45<!"(/*57%<%<"R0L<%E%<"5"U1<=%71#3%75<"35"0#"415(41#!""4%*%"g/U(!:"h%;;57-"%"]#A#=%<i"U#("#;%7=#3%"K#01%<#<"jM"#"K545<"4%(=7#­314=%71#<j"=5%7>#<";#7#"35<5(=7#$#7"0#"31(Q*14#"35"0#"1(K5<=1G#41L("415(=>R4#+^("5<=5"#7=>4/0%"jM"#"31E575(41#"35"0#<";57<%(#013#35<"41=#3#<j"(%"6/<4#*%<"

U#00#7"/(#"75<;/5<=#"G5(57#0"#"5<=#";75G/(=#+"J/575*%<!"5("4#*61%!"5(4%(­=7#7"/(#"75<;/5<=#"#"/("4#<%")(14%!";57%"T/5"=/K%"75;574/<1%(5<"G1G#(=5<4#<V"I4/Q0"E/5"0#"31(Q*14#"350"35<4/671*15(=%!";%7";#7=5"35"B#CD500!"35"0#"=5%7>#"5054=7%*#G(H=14#"35"0#" 0/FO"h#7#"500%!"(%<"5(E%4#75*%<"5("0%<"3%<";71*57%<"#7=>4/0%<"T/5"B#CD500"5<47161L"<%675"50"=5*#"35"0#<"líneas de fuerza —un con­45;=%"T/5"35<;/H<"3571K#7>#"5("50"35"campo"5054=7%*#G(H=14%j"M"T/5"10/<=7#("

,  k+"X5M(*#(!"The Feynman Lectures  on Physics!" K%0+" I."B#<<#4U/<5=<!"Z31<<%(2Y5<05M!",lm-!";+",,+

8" Y+"YU5D500!"History of the Inductive Sciences!",n:o!"35"0#"T/5"5C1<=5"/(#"53141L("E#4<1*10#7";/6014#3#";%7"@#*6713G5"`(1K57<1=M"h75<<!"89,9+

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&'+."$+@("1()0)$+&'+%#4'$3%1)!%>#+!%'#362!)7+B#3713!"Z01#(F#!"8998+

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EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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Surge el interés de Maxwell por el electromagnetismo

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EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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89" &0#31*17"@#4UL("e/100H(

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EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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4#7G#+"P!"4%*%"K575*%<"#"4%(=1(/#41L(!"0#"#3%;41L("35"5<=#"135#"35"4#*;%<"35"4#7G#"05"#;%7=#7>#"#"</"=5%7>#"#0G/(%<"35"0%<"75</0=#3%<"*Q<"%71G1(#05<+

8o  Ibid+!";#7=5"II!";;+"8n:28ni+

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8m" &0#31*17"@#4UL("e/100H(

EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

La teoría electromagnética de la luz

^("50"K57#(%"35"#T/50",nm,"B#CD500"K1#.L"#"</<";%<5<1%(5<"5("^<4%41#!"#;#­75(=5*5(=5"<#=1<E54U%"35"</"#(#0%G>#"*54Q(14#"350"5054=7%*#G(5=1<*%"M"35"0#"U1;L=5<1<"T/5"U#6>#"E%7*/0#3%";#7#"0%<"4#*;%<"35"4#7G#+"h57%"5("0%<"<1G/15(=5<"*5<5<" E/5"4#*61#(3%"</"4%*;75(<1L("<%675" 0#<" 1*;014#41%(5<"35"</";7%;1%"=7#6#.%+B15(=7#<"#=5(3>#"</<"=1577#<"M";5(<#6#"5("</<"*%350%<"5054=7%*#G(H=14%<!"

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EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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8n" &0#31*17"@#4UL("e/100H(

EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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Page 24: 1. Las Analogías en La Formulación de La Teoría Electromagnética de La Luz de Maxwell

EN­CLAVES del pensamiento, año VII, núm. 14, julio­diciembre 2013, pp. 11­33.

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En-Claves14-book.indb 33 04/11/13 14:54


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