d1s2 sharofa presentation

8/6/2019 D1S2 Sharofa Presentation

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The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the

author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian

Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the

governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of

the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any

consequence of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily beconsistent with ADB official terms.



Subject « New reflection on Water

Management »In the Republic of Tajikistan

Chief of State Unitary Enterprise

«Hydrogeology reclamation expedition»ML and WR Republic of Tajikistan

Sharipov SH.



Tajikistan is a small country on territory situated in theeast part of the Central Asia and neighbor with China,

Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Water inTajikistan, as well as everywhere, plays a key role for people, economy and environments. More than 55 %average annual years a drain of all rivers Central Аsia

are formed in mountain areas of Tajikistan. The area of aglaciations of mountains of Tajikistan makes more than11 thousand.km2, and the total stock of an ice in glaciersof Tajikistan makes nearby 845 км3 that in 7 times

exceeds a mid-annual drain of all rivers of the countriesof pool. In comparison with the abounding in Water Rivers of Southeast Asia it is a small drain, however for arid conditions of the Central Asia each cubic meter of

this water to be appreciated very dearly.



High rate of growth of a population in the Central Asia

and unusually fast reduction of glaciers, characteristic for

the countries of the Central Asia, on a background of deficiency of the water resources, occurring processes of

change of a climate and absolutely insufficient

overregulation the basic water-currents, and first of allAmu Darya, give a special acuteness to water problems

of this density populated and developing region. It

development use of new approaches and new thinking inuse of scarce water resources. More than 90 % of water

resources are used in agriculture. However, at backward

technology of irrigation in the countries of the Central

Asia water is spent irrationally and efficiency of its use

rippling within the limits of 25-35 %. Having watered on

furrow can allow only such efficiency of use of water in

agriculture.



These problems are connected with difficulties inquestions of interstate distribution of water, interbranchcontradictions between interests irrigation and power,deterioration of an infrastructure of a water management,a ameliorative condition of the irrigated grounds andenvironments, low efficiency of use of water and groundresources, that finally causes is inadmissible a lowstandard of living of the population of our countries.Complexities of a problem also are connected, with thatthat Ferghana valley covers territory of three states.

Especially sharply these problems cost in Sogd areas of Tajikistan where water-security makes 50-75 % andmore than 64 % of the irrigated grounds are served bypump stations.

One of the basic modern methods of water-distribution isthe Integrated water resources management (IWRM).



First steps on introduction IWRM in Tajikistan itis done on pilot objects in Ferghana part of Sogdarea, situated in territory Dj.Rasulov B.Gafurovof areas channel Gulakandoz a facilitiesB.Hamdamov where are created seven Water

Users Association (WUA) and 3 demonstrationweeding on territory the facilities suspended toan initial, average and trailer part of the pilotchannel; Interstate Coordination Water Commission (SIC ICWC) the project of theConcept for IWRM which considershydrographic borders, participation of all water-

users and principles democratic managementsis prepared;



the alternative organizational structure for pilot channel

Gulakandoz and is offered and coordinated with thebasic interested parties; assumptions according topossible ways of potential of decrease in operationallosses on the pilot channel are prepared; organized

monitoring under the account of water on the pilotchannel and WUA; Gathering, generalization, theanalysis and estimation of materials of supervision on allcomplex of agro technical actions and uses of water ondemonstration fields is lead; training the personnel of theproject under approaches and methodology of socialmobilization and institutional to development and by atechnique of the analysis of field data a floor to increaseof efficiency of water and the ground at a level of facilities is lead.



The existing system of interstate water-distribution in theCentral Asia assumes interstate water-division and ineach country the insufficient attention is paid to aquestion of an effective utilization of water. However, aprincipal cause of all water-environmental problems,

including drying of Aral sea, increase of a level of subsoilwaters, salting hundreds thousand hectares of thegrounds are connected with inefficient use of water onsecondary and tertiary channels. Will difficultly present,

that more than half of the precious water which are takenaway from Amu Darya and Syr-Darya work ondeterioration of an environment.



The countries of the Central Asia and including RepublicTajikistan

Quickly should develop, and will carry out the long-termProgram of the water-savings for maintenance of thesteady development connected with use by water resources. Especially such Program it is necessary for

the countries of region which have the extensive areas of the irrigated grounds - Uzbekistan, 4,2 million in hectaresand Turkmenistan, 1,8 million in hectares. In the sumthese two countries have about 75 % of the area of the

irrigated grounds of region (without Afghanistan). It isrepresented; that for increase of efficiency of use of water it is necessary will carry out following actions:



1. Construction of industrial base of manufacture of water-saving up technology: a drop irrigation, overhead irrigation,

micro overhead irrigation, irrigation machines, irrigation theequipment for superficial sprinkling of furrow.

2. Replacement of moisture loving agricultural crops - a cotton

and rice, on less moisture loving - gardens vineyards, grain.Certainly in this case conditions of the market and maintenanceof food safety of the countries of region should be considered

3. Restoration of an existing irrigating and drainage network

with the purpose of decrease in losses of water on a filtration. 4. Reduction of the area of artificial superficial reservoirs and

ponds, including a fish facility, for decrease in a filtration of

water and decrease in a level of subsoil waters. For exampleonly in Uzbekistan the area of artificial reservoirs makes morethan 110 thousand hectares.



5. Construction of water basins in mountain gorges of the countries upper Amu Darya and Syr-Darya

6. Use of the integrated water resources management,real transition to the integrated water resources

management with wide participation of all water-users. 7. Development of new principles and approaches in

interstate water resources management on the basis of

the international-recognized principles and rules: fair andequal in rights, fair and reasonable use of water in thecountries of the Central Asia.



Tajikistan as participant Iohannessburgskogo of the

Summit on steady development (2002) is the adherent of the integrated water resources management. For

transition to this progressive method of water resources

management, assistance in drawing up of Complex

schemes of use of water resources, transition to

principles IWRM on river pools is necessary for us. At

realization of plans of transition on IWRM efficiency of

use of water and ground resources that will be doubtlessthe contribution to realization of the general regional

Program of improvement ecological and social and

economic conditions of all countries of pool of Aral seawill improve.



Thank you for attention!

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