polarization presentation
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U M A I R J A V A I D ( 0 9 - 6 3 3 2 )
M U H A M M A D A H K A M K H A N ( 0 9 - 6 3 9 4 )
POLARIZATION
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TOPICS TO BE COVERED
Polarization
Different Types of Polarization
LinearCircular
Elliptical
Applications of Polarization
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POLARIZATION
Polarization is a property of waves that canoscillate with more than one orientation.
Polarization refers to the orientation of electric fieldvector which may be in a fixed direction or maychange with time.
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TYPES OF POLARIZATION
Three main types of Polarization:
LINEAR POLARIZATION
CIRCULAR POLARIZATION
ELLIPTICAL POLARIZATION
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LINEAR POLARIZATION
Linear polarization or plane
polarization of electromagnetic
radiation is a confinement of the
electric field vector or magnetic fieldvector to a given plane along the
direction of propagation.
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CIRCULAR POLARIZATION
Circular polarization of an
electromagnetic wave is a polarization
in which the electric field vector changes
with time in a circular fashion.
Electric field vector defines the strength
and direction of electric field.
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Right-handed/clockwise circularly polarized light
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Electric field divides into two components (verticaland horizontal) which are at right angles to eachother.
Horizontal component leads the vertical componentby one quarter of a wavelength. It is this quadraturephase relationship which creates the helix.
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Left-handed/counter-clockwise circularlypolarized light
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In left-handed, the rightward (relative to thedirection of travel) horizontal component laggs the
vertical component by one quarter of a wavelengthrather than leading it.
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Left/right handedness conventions
From the point of view of the source.
From the point of view of the receiver.
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Applications
FM Radio (87.5 to 108.0 MHz)
circular polarization is often used to describe mixedpolarity signals used mostly in FM radio where a verticaland a horizontal component are propagated
simultaneously by a single or a combined array.
Circular dichroism
CD is the differential absorption of left and right handed
circularly polarized light. CD is the basis of a form ofspectroscopy that can be used to determine the opticalisomerism and secondary structure of molecules.
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ELLIPTICAL POLARIZATION
Elliptical polarization is the
polarization of electromagnetic radiation
such that the tip of the electric field
vector describes an ellipse.
Electric field vector defines the strength
and direction of electric field.
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Elliptical polarization results when one of the twolinear components in Circular Polarization hasgreater amplitude than the other.
One way to look at elliptical polarization is that thetwo components of circular polarization are notexactly 90 degrees apart.
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APPLICATIONS
Communications
Polarization in antennas can be horizontal, vertical, circularand elliptical also exists. Alternating horizontal and verticalresults in circular and elliptical polarization which is used in
satellite communication.
3D Glasses
Polarized 3D glasses make sure each eye receives only the
intended image. Circular /Elliptical Polarization makes left-eye/right-eye separation insensitive to viewing orientation.
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