41

ss]tem-°m-c-W-hpsS aqØ-a-I≥ tXmΩm

]nXr -h-\-amb aqim-cn-tb´p Xma-k-am-°n. s]mXpth

im¥-kz-`m-h-°m-c-\m-bn-cp∂ At±lw \s√mcp

ssZh`‡\pw Irjn-°m-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. IS-πm-a‰w

]≈n CS-hI amdnSw Icbn¬ sXmÆm-\-mbn¬

h¿°n-bpsS aIƒ tdm sb hnhmlw sNbvXp. 1104

taSamkw 8˛mw XobXn tXmΩmbpw 1115 I¿°n-S-I-

amkw 9˛mw XobXn tdmkbpw Cl-tem-I-hmkw

shSn-™p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°p 7 a°-fp-≠m-bn. 4

BWpw 3 s]Æpw.

1 Gen 2 adn-bmΩ 3 ss]tem

4 h¿Kokv 5 tPmk^v

6 A∂Ω 7 tXmΩm

1 Gen :

IS-πm-a‰w ]≈n CS-hI s]cp-ºm-º-≈n-tb¬ (hm-c-Wm-

°p-gn) IpSpw-_-Øn¬ aØmbn hnhmlw sNbvXp. Genbpw

`¿Ømhv aØm-bnbpw \ncym-X-cm-bn.

2 adn-bmΩ :

ac-tßmen∏≈n CS-hI Ipt∏¬ ho´n¬ HuX hnhmlw

sNbvXp. adn-bm-Ωbpw `¿Ømhv HuXbpw \ncym-X-cm-bn.

42

3 ss]tem :

Ipdp-tº-®≥ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ ss]tem 1880 ¬ P\n®p.

hfsc im¥\pw k¬kz- m-hn-bp-am-bn-cp∂ At±-l-Øn\p ]q¿Δn-

I-cn¬ \n∂p ssIam-dn-°n-´nb NnIn-’m-hn-[n-Iƒ hi-am-bn-cp-

∂p. a™-∏nØw XpS-ßnb A∂sØ amc-I-amb Akp-J-߃

H‰-aq-en-a-cp-∂p-sIm≠v At±lw t`Z-s∏-Sp-Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ac-tßm-

en-I-c-bn¬ Ipt∏¬ Hutk-∏ns‚ aIƒ A∂sb hnhmlw

sNbvXp. Xs‚ hoX-{]-Imcw e`n® hmg-∏≥Ip-t∂¬ ]pc-bn-S-

Øn¬ Xma-kn-®p. Irjn-bnepw I®-h-S-Ønepw hym]r-X-\m-bn-

cp∂ At±lw s]´-∂q-≠mb AkpJw aqew 25.12.1942 ¬ Cl-

tem-I-hmkw shSn-™p. IqS-√q¿∏≈n skan-tØ-cn-bn¬ ih-

kw-kvImcw \S-Øn.

]n∂oSp IpSqw -_- ` -cWw hfsc ka¿∞-ambn

ssIImcyw sNbvXXp `mcy A∂-bm-Wv. _p≤n-km-a¿∞y-

Ønepw Ign-hnepw Ah¿ a‰p-≈-h-sc-°mƒ ap≥]-¥n-bn-em-bn-cp-

∂p. hm¿≤-Iy-k-l-P-amb AkpJw aqew 1978 P\p-hcn amkw

20˛mw XobXn Imcn-Ømkv Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ \ncym-X-bm-bn. ih-

kw-kvImcw IqS-√q¿ ]≈n- skan-tØ-cn-bn¬ \S-Øn. Cu Zº-

Xn-Iƒ°v HcmWpw \mep s]¨a-°-fp-ap-≠m-bn.

1 tdmkΩ 2 adn-bmΩ 3 tXmakv

4 t{XkymΩ 5 Gen-°p´n

1. tdmkΩ : Ip™-tdmX F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tdmk-Ωsb

ImW-°mcn (tIm-´-bv°p-]p-d-Øv) Rmd-Ø-SØn-¬ F≥. sP.

h¿°n hnhmlw sNbvXp. s]´-∂p-≠mb AkpJw aqew1986

sk]vXw-_¿ 21- mw Xnb-Xn \ncym-X-bmbn.-tdm-k-Ω-bpsS ¿Ømhv

F≥.sP h¿°n 2001 HIvtSm-_¿ 8˛mw XnbXn \ncym-X-\m-bn.

Ccp-h-scbpw tIm´-bv°p-]pdw B\-ae ]≈n-kn-an-tØ-cn-bnse

IpSpw-_-°-√-d-bn¬ kwkvI-cn®p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v 4 BWpw 1

s]Æpam-Wp-≈-Xv.

2. adn-bmΩ : Im∏q-¥-e-°-c-bn¬ hS-I-c-ho-´n¬ tPmk^v

hnhmlw sNbXp Ch¿°v 4 BWpw 3 s]Æp-am-Wp-≈-Xv. F√m-

hcpw Ata-cn-°-bn¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. and-bmΩ 7.4.2000 Ønepw

43

tPmk^v 6.5.2006 epw \ncym-X-cmbn ih-kw-kvImcw Im∏pw-Xe

^mØn-a-amXm ]≈n skan-tØ-cn-bn¬ \S-Øn.

3. tXmakv : Ip™v F∂p hnfn-

°p∂ tXmakv 1925¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ

hnZym- ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw _n n-\ v

]c-ambn C¥y-bpsS ]e kwÿm-\-

ß-fnepw {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v.tXma-kns‚ ktlm-Zcn t{Xkym-Ω-bpsSCfb aI≥ Fw.kn F{_mlw(kÆn) 2003 apX¬ At±-l-Øns‚kwc-jWw Gs‰-SpØv Xd-hm-´n¬Xma-kn®p hcsh tXmakv 2009G{]n¬ 9-˛mw XnbXn \ncym-X-\m-bn.ih-kw-kvImcw IqS-√q¿ sk‚ vtPmk^v ]≈n skan-tØ-cn- IpSpw-_-°-√-d-bn¬ \SØn. Fw.kn F{_m-lw (kÆn) 1966 Unkw-_¿ 1˛mw

XnbXn I´-∏-\-bn¬ P\n-®p. _ncp-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p-tijw I´-∏-\-bn¬ _nkn-\kv \SØn hcp-∂p. 1989 HmK-kvddv 30-˛mw XnbXnsXm∏n-∏mf Ic-bn¬ hngn-°n-∏md tPmkv- -Ip- n-bΩ Zº-Xn-I-fpsSaI-fmb Bjsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Fw.kn F{_m-lw (kÆn)a‰-∏-≈n¬ F∂ ho´p-t]-cn¬ IS-∏qcv Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v

HcmWpw c≠p s]¨Ip-´n-I-fp-am-Wp-≈-Xv.

a‰-∏≈n¬ Fw. kn. F{_m-lhpw IpSpw-_hpw

amXmhv t{Xmkym-Ω-tbm-sSm∏w

aqim-cn-tb´v

Fw. ]n. tXmakv

44

1. t\l acnb kÆn ˛ 16.3.2000 ¬ P\n-®p. \{k-Øvln¬

Unt]mƒ kvIqfn¬ ]Ømw Ivfmkn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

2. Inc¨ kÆn ˛ 1.05.2001 ¬ P\n®p \{k-Øvln¬

Unt]mƒ kvIqfn¬ 9˛mw Ivfmkn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

3. ImX-dn≥ kÆn ˛ 1.4.2004 ¬ P\n-®p. \{k-Øvln¬

Unt]mƒ kvIqfn¬ 6˛mw Ivfmkn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

4. t{XkymΩ : ac-ßm- p-]≈n CS-hI B≠q¿I-c-bn¬ a‰-∏-

f-fn¬ ]m∏-®≥ hnhmlw sNbvXp. ]m∏®≥ \√ I¿j-I\pw

A≤zm-\-io-e-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. 65 h¿jw apºv ssltd-©n¬ I´-

∏\ F∂ ÿeØp ÿnc-Xm-a-k-am-°nb ]m∏-®≥ 1981 Pq¨

21 \v \ncym-X-\m-bn. Ch¿°v 3 BWpw 3 s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

t{XkymΩ aqØ-a-I≥ tPmkn-t\m-sSm∏w I´-∏-\-bn¬ Xma-

kn®phcp-∂p.

5. Gen-°p´n : Im™n-cØm\w ]≈n CS-hI ]qh-t°m-´p-

ho-´n¬ eq°m-®≥ hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v \memWpw c≠p

s]Æp-am-Wp-≈-Xv. eq°m®≥ 5.10.2005 ¬ \ncym-X-\m-bn.

4. h¿§okv :

aqim-cn-tb´p tXmΩm˛tdm  Zº-Xn-I-fpsS c≠m-asØ

]q{X-\mb h¿Kokv \√ Hcp I¿j-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. tN¿∏p-¶¬I-

c-bn¬ tIme-∂q¿ ho´n¬ aØmbn aIƒ Gensb hnhmlw

sNbvXp. hnhm-lm-\-¥cw a‰-∏-≈n-∏p-c-bn-S-Øn¬ amdn-Øm-a-kn-

®p. Ahn-sS-\n∂p hmgq-cnepw Im™n-c-∏-≈n-bnepw D∏p-tXm- nepw

kvYew hmßn Irjn sNbvXp. 1959˛¬ D∏p-tXm-´n¬ h®v

h¿§okpw 1980¬ Xt´-°Æn CS-h-I-bn¬ h®v Genbpw \ncym-

X-cm-bn. h¿Kokv Gen Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v HcmWpw \mep s]Æpw

a°-fp-≠m-bn.

1. A∂Ω 2. Gen-°p´n 3. adn-bmΩ

4. tdmkΩ 5. tXmakv

1. A∂Ω : Cc-´-bm¿ Ic-bn¬ ]md-°-S-hn¬ B‚Wn

hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v 7 BWpw Hcp s]Æp-am-Wp-≈-Xv.

B‚Wn \ncym-X-\mbn.

45

2. Gen-°p´n : Im™n-c-∏≈n Xmeq-°n¬ A©-en∏ F∂

Ic-bn¬ Nº-°c ho´n¬ Ip´n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tPmk^v

hnhmlw sNb-Xp. Gen-°p´n s]´-∂p-≠mb AkpJw aqew

1979 sabv amkw 26˛m w XobXn \ncym-X-bm-bn. Ch¿°v 4 s]Æpw

1 BWpw a°-fm-bp≠v. Gen-°p-´nbpw tPmk^pw Pohn-®n-cn-

∏n√.

3. adn-bmΩ : X¶-s∏Æv F∂p hnfn-°p∂ adn-bmΩsb

Im™n-c-∏-≈n Xmeq-°n¬ tN\-∏mSn Ic-bn¬ IS-hn¬ B‚Wn

hnhmlw sNbvXp. B‚Wn cmjv{Sob kmaq-lnI aWvU-e-ß-

fn¬ {]h¿Øn®p sIm≠n-cp∂ hy‡nbpw Hcp \√ Fgp-Øp-

Im-c-\p-am-bncp∂p. Ct∏mƒ CSp°n Pn√bn¬ ]S-apJw F∂

ÿeØp Xma-kn-°p-∂p. B‚Wn \ncym-X-\mbn Ch¿°v 5

BWpw 3 s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

4. tdmkΩ : s]mSn-bΩ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tdmk-Ωsb

CSp°n Pn√-bn¬ {]Imiv Ic-bn¬ ]≈-Øp-ho- n¬ Ipcym-t°mkv

hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v 7 BWpw 3 s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

5. tXmakv : h¿Kn-kns‚ GI aI≥ tXmΩm-®≥ F∂p

hnfn-°p∂ tXmakv ]nXm-hns‚ Ime-Sn-Isf ]n¥p-S¿∂v Hcp

ÿeØpw ÿnc-Xm-a-k-am-°msX ]e ÿe-ß-fn¬ amdn amdn

Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ CSp°n Pn√-bn-se temh¿s]-cn-bm-dn¬

Xt´-°Æn F∂ ÿe-Øm-Wv. Im™n-c-∏≈n Xmeq-°n¬ Iqh-

∏≈n Ic-bn¬ Iqcm-∏S ho´n¬ Nmt°m t{XkymΩ aIƒ

tacnsb hnhmlw sNb-Xp. tXmakv 2010 \hw-_¿ 18-˛mw XnbXn

\ncy-X-\m-bn.- arX-kw-kvImcw Xt -°Æn sk‚ v tPm¿÷v ]≈n-

bn¬ \S-∂p. tXmakv tacn Zº-Xn-Iƒ°p \mev BWpw \mev

s]¨a-°-fp-ap-≠v.

h¿Kokv F’Ω t{XkymΩ

A∂Ω {_nPoØ tPmk^v

tP°_v sk_m-Ãy≥

1. h¿Knkv : 1957 ¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ymkØn\p

tijw Irjn-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ hym]r-X-\m-bn. 1981 ¬ apcn-°m-t»cn

46

Ic-bn¬ Aº-e-Øn¬ ho´n¬ kvIdnb Fen-k-_Øv aIƒ A∂-

Ωsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v c≠p s]Æpw HcmWpw a°-

fm-bp-≠v.

1.- enPn (tacn) : enPn 1981 am¿®v 13 \v P\n®p. Fw.F _n.-

FUv ]m m-b-Xn-\p-tijw aqhm-‰p-]pg \n¿Ωe tImtf-Pn¬ Akn-

 v s{]m^-k-dmbn tPmen sNøp∂p. enPnsb sImgp-h-\m¬

CS-hI Cu∏-®≥˛ Beokv Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ tPmtPm 2006

Unkw-_¿ 27 \v hnhmlw sNbvXp.-tPmtPm Im™n-c-∏≈n F.-

sI.sP.Fw kvIqfn¬ A≤ym-]-I-\m-Wv. Ch¿°v HcmWpw Hcp

s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

2.- en≥kn en≥kn F∂p hnfn-°p∂ Fen-k-_Øv 1983

Unkw-_¿ 3 \v P\n-®p. _n.^mw ]T-\-Øn\p tijw Cc-´-bm¿

CS-hI agp-h≥tNcn Nmt°m-˛-A-∂Ω aI≥ kÆn 2003 Pqsse

12 \v hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v HcmWpw Hcp s]Æpw

a°-fm-bp-≠v.

3. F¬tZmkv (tXmakv) ˛ IÆ≥ F∂p hnfn-°p∂

F¬tZmkv 1987 Unkw-_¿ 25 \v P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-

Øn-\p-tijw Ct∏mƒ kz¥-ambn SmIvkn k¿Δokv \S-Øp-

∂p.

2. F’Ω˛ 1959 ¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p

tijw 1980 ¬ apcn-°m-t»cn Ic-bn¬ Aº-e-Øn¬ ho´n¬

kvIdnb Fen-k-_Øv aI≥ tPm¨k¨ hnhmlw sNb-vXp.

Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v HcmWpw Hcp s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v. Ct∏m-ƒ

Xt´°Æn F∂ ÿeØv Xma-kn-°p-∂p.

3. t{XkymΩ : t{Kkn F∂p hnfn-°p∂ t{XkymΩ 1961¬

P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw 1980 ¬ D∏p-tXm-Sp-I-

c-bn¬ C©bn¬ ho´n¬ Ip™n-s‚bpw adn-b-Øn-s‚bpw aI≥

amXyp hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v c≠m¨a-°-fm-Wp-

≈-Xv.

4. A∂Ω : kmen F∂p hnfn-°p∂ A∂Ω 1964 ¬ P\n-

®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw 1984 ¬ Xt´-°Æn CS-

hI sIm√w ]d-ºn¬ tZhkym {_nPoØ aI≥ sk_m-Ãy≥

47

hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v HcmWpw Hcp s]Æpw

a°-fm-bp-≠v. sk_m-Ãy≥ 2007 BKÃv 2 \v \ncym-X-\m-bn.

5. {_nPoØ : sken≥ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ {_nPoØ 1968

¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw ]\w-Ip´n CS-hI

I≠w-Ip-f-ß-c-bn¬ Ipcym-®≥˛ aman Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ tdmbn

hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v HcmWpw Hcp s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

tdmbn 2003 Pqsse 13 \v \ncym-X-\m-bn.

6. tPmk^v : km_p F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tPmk^v 1971 ¬

P\n-®p. sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw sh¨aWn CS-

hI aØ-®≥˛ Ip´n-bΩ aIƒ joPsb hnhmlw sNbvXp.

Ch¿°v c≠m¨a-°-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. Ch¿ sh¨a-Wn-bn¬ Xma-

kn-°p-∂p.

1.- am-Øp-°p-´n. (s]m∂p)˛ s]m∂p 2005 am¿®v 31 \v P\n-

®p. Ct∏mƒ 5˛mw Ivfmkn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

2.- tPm-k^v (tPmkp-Ip´n)˛ tPmkp-Ip´n 2010 sabv 3 \v

P\n-®p. 1˛mw Ivfmkn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

7. tP°_v : 1973 ¬ P\n-®p. sslk-Iqƒ hnZym- ym-k-

Øn\p tijw tN¿Øe I™n-°pgn F∂ ÿeØv AK-Xn-

Isf kwc-£n-°p∂ acn-b≥ Znhy-Im-cpWy B{iaw \S-Øp-∂p.

8. sk_m-Ãy≥ : Pnt\m F∂p hnfn-°p∂ sk_m-Ãy≥

1975 ¬ P\n®p sslkvIqƒ hnZym- ym-k-Øn\p tijw 2006 P\p-

hcn 29 \v ]pfn¶´ CS-hI ]d-ºp-Im- n¬ Fen-k-_Øns\ (_o\)

hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v c≠m¨a-°-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.

5. tPmk v

Ipt™∏v F∂p hnfn-®p-h-cp∂ tPmk^v tXmΩm-°m-

c-W-h-cpsS B¨a-°-fn¬ aq∂m-a-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ hoX-{]-Imcw

e`n® apXp-Im-t´m-en¬ ]pc-bn-S-Øn¬ Xma-kn-®p. Irjn-Im-cy-

߃°p ]pdsa \ne-sØ-gp-Øp-I-f-cnbpw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Ipt™-

∏m-ims\ \m´n¬ F√m-h¿°pw hfsc Xm¬]-cy-am-bn-cp-∂p.

hnZym- ym-k-ku-I-cy-߃ Xosc C√m-bn-cp∂ A°meØv, \mcm-

b-ap-\-bn¬ Icn-º-\-tbm-e-bn¬ Fgp-Xnb A£-c-ß-fp-ambn hoSp-

Iƒ Ib-dn-bn-dßn Ip´n-Iƒ°v Adn-hns‚ shfn®w ]I¿∂p

48

\¬In-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp \√ ssZh-`-‡\pw Bbn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ Cf-

b k-tlm-Z-c≥ tXmΩm-bp-samØv B≠p tXmdpw sNºv, A¿Øp-

¶¬ XpS-ßnb ]≈n-I-fn¬ \S∂p t]mbn t\¿® ImgvN-Iƒ

A¿∏n-®n-cp-∂p. bm{Xm-ku-I-cy-߃ C√m-Xn-cp∂ Xs‚ Xma-

k-ÿ-e-Øn-\p-SpØv Hcp Ipcn-ip-]≈n F¶nepw D≠m-bn-°m-

Wp-hm-\p≈ B{K-l-Øm¬ Xs‚ hI 5 sk‚ v ÿew sh´n-ap-

Iƒ ]≈n-°p Zm\w sNbvXv AhnsS Hcp Ipcnipw ÿm]n-®p.

Im´m-ºm°p Ic-bn¬ Hmcn¬ Ipcym-t°m˛-a-dnbw aIƒ

Gensb hnhmlw sNb-vXp. 1970 ˛ HIvtSm-_¿ amkw 2˛mw

XobXn Ipt™∏pw 1980 BK-Ãp-amkw 8˛mw XobXn Genbpw

hm¿≤-Iy-k-l-P-amb AkpJw aqew \ncym-X-cm-bn. Ipt™-∏ns\

sh´n-ap-Iƒ CS-h-I-]≈n skan-tØ-cn-bnepw Gensb cXv\-Kncn

CS-h-I-∏≈n knan-tØ-cn-bnepw kwkvI-cn-®p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v

5 BWpw 2 s]Æpw a°-fp-≠v.

1 tXmakv 2 Ipcy≥ 3 tZhky

4 ]utemkv 5 h¿°n 6 tdmkΩ

7 adn-bmΩ

1. tXmakv : Ip´n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tXma-kv ac-tßmen

Ic-bn¬ aqim-cn-tb´p h´n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-

k-Øn\p tijw Irjnbn¬ G¿s∏-´p. Im™n-c-Øm\w ]≈n-

bn-S-hI shßn-Wn-bv°¬ Ipcy≥ aIƒ Fen-k-_-Øns\

hnhmlw sNbvXp. tXmakv Fen-k-_Øv Zº-Xn-Iƒ°p Bdv

s]¨a-°fpw c≠v B¨a-°-fp-ap-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v Fw.-sP. tXmakpw `mcy Fen-k-_Øpw (ac-tßm-en)

49

tXmakv 9˛1˛2001 ¬ \ncym-X-\m-bn. Gen-k-_Øv 8˛8˛2012

epw \ncym-X-bm-bn. Ccp-h-scbpw ac-tßmen sk‚ v tacokv ]≈n

skan-tØ-cn-bn¬ kwkvI-cn-®p.

1 A∂Ω 2 tdmkΩ 3 ¢mcΩ

4 Ipcym-®≥ 5 sken-\mΩ 6 tacn

7 ^mZ¿ tPmkv 8 knÿ en n

1. A∂Ω : sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw

]©m-_n¬ t\gvknwKv ]Tn®v AhnsS tPmen sNøp-∂p. hnhm-

ln-X-bmbn IpSpw-_-k-taXw ]©m-_n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v

2 BWpw 2 s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

2. tdmkΩ: tN®Ω F∂p hnf-n°p∂ tdmk-Ωsb

sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-kØn\p tijw Xncp-h-ºm-Sn-I-c-bn¬

ss]a-‰Øn¬ Ipcym-t°mkv hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS aI-

\mWv ¢co-jy≥ k`mw-K-amb ^mZ¿ sdPn-tam≥ tXma-kv.

3. ¢mcΩ : sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw cmP-

ÿm-\n¬ \gvknwKp ]Tn®v _m¿a¿ F∂ ÿeØp tPmen

sNbvXp. AXn-c-ºp-g-]≈n CS-hI ]pXp-t»-cn¬ ho´n¬

hn≥sk‚ v hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ IpSpw-_-k-taXw {ioI-

WvT-aw-K-eØv Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v 1 s]Æpw 1

BWpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

4. Ipcy-®≥: Ipcy-®≥ F∂v hnfn-°p∂ kndn-bIv

sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-kØn\p tijw Im¿jn-I-hr-Øn-bn¬

G¿s]´v Xma-kn-°p-∂p. apf°pfw Ic-bn¬ s]cn-b-∏p-dØv De-

l-∂≥ adnbw aIƒ tacnsb (im-¥-Ω) hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu

Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v HcmWpw c≠p s]¨a-°-fp-ap-≠v.

50

aqim-cn-tb´v Ipcy-®-\pw IpSpw-_hpw (a-c-tßm-en)

1) tXmakv 2) Fen-k-_Øv 3) sIm®p-t{Xkym

1. tXmakv : tdmP≥ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tXmakv 1980˛¬

P\n-®p. Un{Kn hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\v tijw tIcf hm´¿ AtXm-dn-

´n-bn¬ tPmen sNøp-∂p. Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv Ic-bn¬ \{k-Øvln¬

Ip∂-Øp-Im-´n¬ tPmkv Nn∂Ω aIƒ tdmkΩsb (kvan-X)

hnhmlw sNbvXp. tdmkΩ tZh-amXm tlmkv]n-‰-en¬ Ãm^v

\gvkv Bbn tPmen sNøp∂p.

2. Fen-k-_Øv (kn. enk) Fen-k-_Øv 24.8.1983 ¬

P\n-®p. Kh. F¬.-]n. kvIqƒ ac-tßmen Ce™n sk‚ v

]ot‰gvkv lb¿sk-°-≠dn kvIqƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ kvIqƒ

hnZym-`ym-khpw Aa-e-Kncn _nsI tImf-Pn¬ \n∂pw {]oUn-

{Knbpw ]m m-bn. 1998¬ AU-td-j≥ tIm¨sh‚ v Nß-\m-t»-

cn-bn¬ tN¿∂p. Ahn-sS- \n∂pw 2004 ¬ {hX-hm-KvZm-\hpw k`m-

h-kv{Xhpw kzoI-cn-®p. Ct∏mƒ sk‚ v tXmakv s{]mhn≥kv

Iq{X-∏-≈n-bn¬ tkh\w sNøp-∂p.

3. sIm®p t{Xkym : Zo] F∂p hnfn-°p∂ sIm®p t{Xkym

1985¬ P\n-®p. πkvSp hnZym`ymkØn\p tijw \gvknwKv ]T\w

]q¿Øn-bm-°n. apwss_-bnse kzImcy Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ tPmen

sNøp-∂p. tImX-\-√q¿ A∂-Sn-°¬ ]o‰¿ enkΩ Zº-Xn-I-

fpsS aI≥ Pnkv hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu Zº-Xn--Iƒ°v Hcp s] -

Ip- -nbp-≠v.

51

5. skeo-\mΩ : sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw

]©m-_n¬ \gvknwKv ]Tn®v AhnsS tPmen-sN-øp-∂p. hnhm-

ln-X-bmb skeo-\mΩ IpSpw-_-k-taXw ]©m-_n¬ Xma-kn-

°p-∂p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v 1 s]Æpw 2 B¨a-°-fp-ap-≠v.

6. tacn : Ce™n sk‚ v ]ot‰gvkv sslkvIq-fn¬ \n∂v

SSLC ]m m-bn. cmP-ÿm-\n¬ \gvknwKv ]T\w ]q¿Øn-bm°n

_n¬hmU F∂ -ÿ-eØp \gvkmbn tPmen sNøp-∂p. Iqcn¬

Bem- p-I≠w ho´n¬ tPmbn tacnsb hnhm-lw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v

1 s]Æpw 2 B¨a-°-fp-ap-≠v. IpSpw-_-k-taXw cmP-ÿm-\n¬

Xma-kn-°p-∂p.

7. ^mZ¿ tPmkv : 19.8.1959 ¬ P\n-®p. Kh¨sa‚ v F¬.

]n. kvIqƒ ac-tßm-en, sk. ]ot‰gvkv sslkvIqƒ Ce™n

F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ kvIqƒ hnZym`ymkw \S-Øn. 1975 ¬ SSLC]m m-bn.

1975 Pq¨ 15˛mw XobXn

]mem Icq¿ KpUvsj-t∏¿Uv ssa\¿

skan-\m-cn-bn¬ tN¿∂p sshZn-I -]-

T\w \S-Øn. AXn\p tijw 1978 Pq¨

amkw apX¬ hS -hm -Xq¿ sk‚ v

tXmakv A∏-kvtXm-enIv skan-\m-cn-

bn¬ \n∂p ^ntem-k-^nbpw Xntbm-

f-Pnbpw (X-Øz-im-kv{X-]-T-\-hpw, ssZh-

ivkv{X-]-T-\-hpw) ]Tn®v 1985 ¬ sshZn-

I-]-T\w ]q¿Øn-bm-°n.

1985 Unkw-_¿ amkw 30˛mw

XobXn CS-h-I- tZ-hm-e-b-amb ac-tßm-

en-∏-≈nbn¬ h®v A`n-hμy am¿ tPmk^v ]≈n-°m-∏-d-ºn¬

Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ \n∂p ]utcm-lnXyw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw IpSpw-

_ ssh-Zn-I-cmb bi.i-co-c-\mb m. sk_m-Ãy≥, m. t]mƒ

aqim-cn-tb´v, ^m. t]mƒ Xp≠-Øn-te´v F∂n-h-cpsS t\Xr-

XzØn¬ {]Ya Znhy-_en A¿∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

IS-πm-a‰w sk‚ v tacokv tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ Akn.

hnImcnbmbn sshZn-I-Po-hnXw Bcw-`n-®p. 1985 apX¬ 1988 hsc

^m. tPmkv aqim-cn-tb´v

52

CS-h-I-bn¬ kvXpXy¿l-amb tkh\w A\p-jvSn-®p. AXn-\p-

tijw 1988 s^{_p-hcn apX¬ 1991 sabvamkw hsc ]mem

IØo-{U¬ ]≈n-bn¬ Akn. hnIm-cn-bmbn tkh\w A\p-jvTn-

®p. ]n∂nSp ssZh-imkv{X-Øn¬ amÿ _ncpZw t\Sp∂-Xn-

\mbn hS-hm-Xq¿ ]uc-kvXy-hn-Zym-]o-T-Øn¬ {]th-in-®p. 1991

sabv apX¬ 1993 sabv hsc AhnsS \n∂p ssZh-im-kv{X-Øn¬

k`m-hn-⁄m-\o-b-Øn¬ MTH t\Sn. a≤y-{]-tZ-inse km‰v\m

Pn√-bn¬ sk‚ v Ft{^wkv Xntbm-f-Pn-°¬ tImtf-Pn¬

s{]m^k-dmbn tkh\w A\p-jvTn®Xn\p tijw 1998¬ D]-cn-

]-T-\m¿∞w tdman-te-°p-t]m-bn. 2004¬ ssZh-im-kv{X-Øn¬

tUmIvS¿ _ncpZw t\Sn. Ct∏mƒ P¿Ω-\n-bn¬ Augsburg cq]-

X-bn¬ tkh\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p.

aqim-cn-tb´p IpSw-_-tbm-K-Øns‚ c£m-[n-Im-cn-bmWp

^m. tPmkv. ÿe-Øp-≈-t∏mƒ F√m tbm-K-ß-fnepw k∂n-

ln-X-\mbn IpSpw-_-°q- m-bva-bv°m-h-iy-amb \n¿t±-i-߃ \¬In-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

8 knÃv¿ en n : 7.6.1963 ¬ P\n-®p. ac-tßmen Kh.

F¬]n-kvIq-fnepw Ce™n sk‚ v ]ot‰gvkv sslkvIq-fnepw

kvIqƒ hnZym-`ymkw \S-Øn. 1978¬ SSLC ]m mbn. {]oUn{Kn

hnZym- ymkw Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv tZh-amXm tImtf-Pnepw \S-Øn. 1980

\hw-_¿ amk-Øn¬ k\ym-km¿Yn-\n-bmbn tIm´bw A o n

`h-\n-¬ tN¿∂p. {^m≥kn-kv°≥ kntÃgvkv Hm^v Hmƒ

skbn‚ vkv F∂-d-n-b-s∏-Sp∂ k`bm-Wv. A o- n-bnse hn.

{^m≥kn-kns‚ ssNX-\ym-\p-k-cWw C‰-en-bn¬ ÿm]n-X-am-

b-XmWv Cu k`. k\ym-k-]-cn-io-e-\-tØm-sSm∏w tImtfPv ]T-

\hpw \S-Øn. 1984 HIvtSm-_¿ 4\v BZy {hX-hm-KvZm-\hpw k`m-

h-kv{X-kzo-I-c-Whpw \S-Øn. 1986¬ tIm¨{Kn-tK-js‚ ÿm]n-

X-ÿ-e-amb C‰-en-bn-te°p ÿe-am‰w e`n-®p. k`bpsS Bcw-

`-ssN-X-\y-sØ-°p-dn®p ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn\v Ah-kcw e`n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. 4 h¿jw tdman¬ ]T\w ]q¿Øn-bm°n 1992 ¬ tIm´-

bØv A o- n - `h-\n¬ Xncn -s®-Øn. 2011 ¬ A n.

s{]mhn≥jy¬ Bbn {]h¿Øn-®p. Ct∏mƒ tIm´bw A o-

 n- -`h-\n¬ tkh\w A\p-jvSn-°p-∂p

53

2) Ipcy≥ : aqim-cn-tb´p Ipt™-∏ns‚ c≠m-asØ aI-

\mb C‰≥ F∂p hnf-n-°p∂ Ipcy≥ 24.2.1924 ¬ P\n®p sNdp-

{]m-b-Øn¬ Xs∂ tIc-f-Øn\p shfn-bn¬ tPmen tXSn-t]m-b-

Xm-Wv. t_mws_, Al-Ω-Zm-_mZv XpS-ßnb ÿe-ß-fn¬ Iº-

\n-tPmen sNbvXp. c≠mw temI alm-bp-≤-Im-eØv Ipsd-°mew

knwK-∏qcn¬ FØn Hcp ss{]h‰v Iº-\n-bn¬ tPmen sNbvXp.

ho≠pw Xncn®v t_mws_-bn¬ FØn. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ 1957¬

CS-s°m®n ap≠w then-°-c-bn¬ amfn-tb-°¬ tPmk^v a¿Ø

aIƒ tacnsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. t_mws_-bn¬ _m{μ F∂

ÿeØv Nm¥n-hmem ssaXm-\-Øp≈ kz¥w ^vfm‰n¬ Xma-

kn-®p-sIm≠v Ccp-hcpw _n n-\- vIm-cy-ß-fn¬ hym]r-X-cm-bn-

cp-∂p. mcy tacn 22.5.1998¬ acn-®p. C‰≥ 15.2.2006¬ acn-®p. Ch¿°v

c≠mWpw aq∂p-s]¨a-°-fp-ap-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v Ipcy≥ tPmk^pw `mcy tacnbpw (t_m-ws_)

1.- Ão-^≥ B≥{Uq 2.- sUbvkn 3.-B-eokv

4. tPmk^v 5. Gen-bmΩ

1.- Ão-^≥ B≥{Uq ˛ IpS-am-fq¿ ]≈n CS-hI Ipam-c-s\-

√q¿ sF°c°p∂v tacn-°p-´nsb hnhmlw Ign-®p. Ch¿°v

HcmWpw Hcp s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

1.- F-en-k-_Øv 2.- B≥{Uq sat‰m

1.- F-en-k-_Øv Fen-k-_-Øns\ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw ]q¥pd

A\ojv hnhmlw Ign-®p.

54

2. B≥{Uq sat‰m s\-Spw-Ip∂w ]pØ≥]p-c-bv°¬ kqks\

hnhmlw Ign-®p.

2. -sUbvkn ˛ sUbvknsb Xy»q¿ kztZin a¨Ipgn

H‰s\√q¿ CS-hI tPmk-^v-˛-Xm≠ aI≥ tPm¨ hnhmlw

sNbvXp.- Ch¿ t_ms_-bn¬ Xma-kn°p∂p. Ch¿°v c≠m¨a-

°-fp-≠v.

3.- B-eokv Beokv IpS-am-fq¿ CS-hI Ipam-c-s\-√q¿ aÆm-

]-d-ºn¬ _m_p hnhmlw Ign-®p. Ch¿°v 2 s]Æpw HcmWpw

a°-fm-bp-≠v.

4. tPmk^v : ]m∏p F∂v hnfn-°p∂ tPmk^v 4.6.1958¬

t_mws_-bn¬ P\n-®p. sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw

ITC bn¬ tN¿∂p sh¬U¿ s{SbnUv ]m m-bn. BZyw _l-dn-

\nepw ]n∂oSv C{km-tb-en¬ Hcp anen-´dn h¿°vtjm-∏nepw

sh¬U¿ Bbn tPmen sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ _m{μm-bn¬ Xma-kn-

°p-∂p. 1986 Pq¨ amkw 10˛mw XobXn Ipdp-ap-≈q¿ Ic-bn¬

sXt°-SØv Nmt°m tacn aIƒ adn-bm-Ωsb hnhmlw sNbvXp.

]m∏p F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tPmk^v adn-bmΩ Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v 3

s]¨a-°fmWp-≈-Xv. P\n-^¿, jmc¨, {InÃo\

aqim-cn-tb´v tPmk^v Ipcy\pw IpSpw-_hpw (t_mw-s_)

55

1. tacn: . P\n-^¿ F∂p-hn-fn-°p∂ tacn 11˛04˛1987 ¬ P\n®p.

t\gvknwKv ]-T-\-Øn\v tijw hnhm-ln-X-bm-bn.

2. Fen-k-_Øv: ic¬ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ Fen-k-_Øv

29˛07˛1991 ¬ P\n-®p. _n.-F-kv.-kn. \gvknwKv ]mkm-bn. tPmen

t\m-°p-∂p.

3.- {In-Ão\ : {InÃo\ 02˛02˛1997 ¬ P\n-®p. t\gvknwKv ]Tn-

°p-∂p.

5. Gen-bmΩ: 21.1.1961 ¬ P\n-®p. SSLC bpw ssS∏v ssd‰nw-

Kpw ]Tn® tijw 1978 HIvtSm-_¿ amkw 2˛mw XobXn hnhmlw

\S-Øn. `¿Ømhv tPmk-^n-t\m-sSm∏w Gen-bm-Ωbpw _l-dn-

\n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. 2 B¨a-°ƒ t]mƒ, \nim¬.

3) tZhkym

aqim-cn-tb- p-Ip-t™-∏ns‚ a°-fn¬ 3˛ma-\mb Ip™q™v

F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tZhkym Xs‚ hoX-{]-Imcw e`n® apXp-Im-

t´m-en¬ ]pc-bn-S-Øn¬ amdn- Xm-a-kn-®p. I®h-Shpw Irjnbpw

D≠m-bncp-∂ At±lw ]e _nkn-\kp-Iƒ sNbvXp F¶nepw

Imcy-amb t\´w C√m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ hn≠pw Irjn-bn¬ Xs∂

hym]r-X-\m-bn. sh´n-ap-Iƒ CS-hI Ip∂-tØ´v Hutk∏v A∂

aIƒ adn-b-°p-´nsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. \√ hnizm-khpw ssZh-

`-‡nbpw D≈ Bfpw AXn-c-ºpg Imcnkv h-\nse {]m¿∞\m

{Kq∏n¬ AwK-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1993 BK-Ãp-amkw 10˛mw XobXn

DZ-c-kw-_-‘-amb AkpJw aqew Imcn-Ømkv Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬

\ncym-X-\m-bn. tZhkym adn-b-°p´n Zº-Xn-Iƒ°p 4 BWpw 4

s]Æpw a°-fp-≠v.

1. skeo-\mΩ 2 Beokv 3 t__n

4 Ipcy≥ 5 Pkn 6 an\n

7 _m_p 8 km_p

56

aqim-cn-tb´v (apXp-Im-t´m-en¬) Ip™q™pw IpSpw-_hpw

1 skeo-\mΩ : sh´n-ap-Iƒ ]≈n CS-hI ht≈m-\m-

Øn¬ tXmakv hnhmlw sNbvXp. skeo-\m-Ωbv°v 3 B¨

a°ƒ. c≠m-a-\mb ^m. hnt\-jv I∏q-®n≥ k`bnse AwK-am-

Wv. Ct∏mƒ B m-an¬ tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°p-∂p.

2. Benkv: sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw

emt_md-´dn sSIv\o-jy≥ tImgvkv ]Tn®p Ct∏mƒ C‰enbn¬

em_v sSIv\o-jy-\mbn tPmen sNøp-∂p. `¿Ømhv ssI∏pg

kztZin tPmWn-bmWv. At±lw U¬ln-bn¬ tPmen sNøp-

∂p. Ch¿°v 2 B¨a-°ƒ.

3 t__n: kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw t_mws_-

bn¬ t]mbn tamt´m¿ sa°m-\n°v ]Tn-®p. Ipsd h¿j-߃

AhnsS tPmen sNbvXp. \nc-¥-c-amb ]cn-{i-ahpw ssZhm-\p-{K-

lhpw aqew akv°-‰n¬ Hcp {_n´ojv Iº-\n-bn¬ tkm^m sa°m-

\n-°mbn tPmen sNøp∂p. 19.2.90 ¬ IpS-am-fq¿∏≈n CS-hI

IW-°-t©-cn¬ h¿°n˛A∂ aIƒ ¢mc-Ωsb hnhmlw

sNbvXp. Ch¿°v 3 a-°ƒ.

57

aqim-cn-tb´v (ap-Xp-Im-t´m-en¬) t__nbpw IpSpw-_hpw

1. A\p ˛ A\p kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw sX≈Iw

shfm-¶Æn amXm \gvknwKv tImtf-Pn¬ _n.-F-kv.kn \gvknwKv

]Tn-°p-∂p.

2. A∏p (A-P-bv)˛ 17.9.1999 ¬ P\n-®p. 11˛mw ¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

3. A`bv A`bv F∂ DÆn 30.12.2002 ¬ P\n-®p. 7˛mw ¢m n¬

]Tn-°p-∂p.

4 Ipcy≥: Ip™v F∂v hnfn-°p∂ Ipcy≥ kvIqƒ hnZym-

`ym-k-Øn\p tijw t_°dn tPmen ]Tn®v Ct∏mƒ kz¥-

ambn _nkn-\kv \S-Øp-∂p. G‰p-am-\q¿ ]g-b-º-≈n¬ ho´n¬

sIm®p-d-mWnsb hnhmlw sNbvXv \o≠qcn¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p.

Ch¿°v Hcp aI-fp≠v.

1.- a-cn-b˛acnb Ct∏mƒ _n.-F-kv.kn \gvknwKv ]Tn-°p-∂p.

5. P n: sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw U¬ln-

bn¬t]mbn sÃt\m {Km^n ]m mbn. P n ]T-\-tijw

U¬ln-bnepw knwK-∏q-cnepw tPmen sNøp-Ibpw am¿ØmWvVw

kztZin Ipam-dns\ hnhmlw sNbvXp. c≠p s]¨a-°-fm-Wp-

≈-Xv.

6. an\n: sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw AXn-c-

ºp-g-]≈n CS-hI Im™n-c-Øp-¶¬ A∏-®≥ hnhmlw sNbvXp.

Ch¿°v Hcp aIƒ.

7. _m_p : Cc-´-I-fn¬ H∂m-a-\mb _m_p ]T-\-tijw

U¬lnbnepw Kƒ^nepw tPmen sNøp-Ibpw G‰q-am-\q¿ tXc-

58

I-Øn-\m-Ip-gn- Ip™v˛tamfn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ ken-tamsf

hnhmlw sNbvXv Ct∏mƒ sh´n-ap-Iƒ ]≈n°v kao]w Xma-

kn-°p-∂p. a°ƒ sk_n≥ 7˛mw ¢mknepw ssj≥ 2˛mw ¢m nepw

]Tn-°p-∂p.

8. km_p : Cc-´-I-fn¬ c≠m-a-\mb km_p ]T-\-tijw

U¬ln-bnepw Kƒ^nepw tPmen sNøp-Ibpw Ne-°pSn kztZ-

in- Nm-t°m-˛-a-dnbw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ Um¿ensb hnhmlw

sNbvXv Ct∏mƒ IpSpw-_-ho-´n¬ AΩ-tbm-sSm∏w Ign-bp-∂p.

a°ƒ tjm¨ km_p, tUm¨ km_p.

1. tjm¨ km_p ˛ tjm¨ 1˛mw ¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

2. tUm¨ km_p ˛ tUm¨ Ip´n-bmWv

4) ]utemkv: aqim-cn-tb´p Ipt™-∏ns‚ a°-fn¬ \mem-

a-\mb ss]tem-®≥ F∂p hnf-n-°p∂ ]utemkv ]≈w ]-h¿lu-

kn¬ sse≥ Akn-kv‚‚mbn dn -b¿ sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ ]≈Øp

Xma-kn-°p-∂p. D≈-Xp-sIm≠p kt¥m-j-ambn Ign-bpI F∂

thZ-hmIyw At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-ssi-en-bmWv. sNßfw Ic-

bn¬ ]pf-n-°-∏-d-ºn¬ tam\n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ A∂-Ωsb

hnhmlw sNbvXp.- kl-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°pw Ab¬ hmkn-Iƒ°pw

F∂pw ]utemkv tN´≥ Hcp amXr-I-bm-Wv. F{X sshj-ay-ß-

fps≠¶nepw ]Xn-hmbn IrXy-k-a-b-Øp-Xs∂ IpSpw-_-tbm-K-

ß-fn¬ kw_-‘n®p Xs‚ Ffnb A`n-{]m-b-߃ \evIn a‰v

AwK-߃°p amXrI Im´p-∂p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v HcmWpw \mep

s]¨a-°-fp-ap-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v Fw.]n. ]utemkpw IpSpw-_hpw (]-≈w)

59

1. Hma\ 2. tam\n-®≥ 3. AizXn 4. Bi 5. A\p

1. Hma\ : B.Sc. hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw tIm´bØv

Hcp kzImcy Iº-\n-bn¬ (k-ao-d) bn¬ ¢m¿°v Bbn tPmen

sNøp-∂p. IpS-am-fq¿ ]≈n CS-hI Xp≠n-bn¬ ]d-ºn¬ tXma-

kn‚bpw X¶-Ω-bp-sSbpw aI≥ _nPp hnhmlw sNbvXp. Hma-

\bv°v 2 a°ƒ.

2. tam\n-®≥ : tam\n-®≥ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tPmk^v

BA hnZym- ym-k-Øn\p tijw Ct∏mƒ akv°-‰n¬ tPmen sNøp-

∂p. ]∂n-a‰w πmº-d-ºn¬ Nmt°m Iq´n-bΩ aIƒ kp\p-hmWv

`mcy. kp\p- So-®¿ BWv. Ch¿°v Hcm¨Ip-´n-bp-≠v.

1. Bio≥ Bio≥ 8.10.1998 ¬ P\n-®p. Ct∏mƒ 11˛mw

¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

3. AizXn : AizXn F∂p hnfn-°p∂ timim-Ωsb

{]oUn{Kn hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw \´m-t»cn Imhp-¶-≠Øn¬

aØmbn A∂ aI≥ A\n¬ hnhmlw sNbvXp. A\n¬ Hcp

_n n-\ v \SØp-∂p. Ch¿°v 2 a°ƒ.

4. Bi : Bi Un{Kn ]m mbn. Ct∏mƒ sl¬Øv

k¿Δo-kn¬ tPmen sNøp-∂p. Bisb ]≈w kztZin ]qfn-aq-

´n¬ h¿Kokv adn-bmΩ Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ enPphmWv hnhmlw

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. enPp Hmt´m samss_¬ FIzn-]vsa‚ v

hym]mcnbmWv. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v Hcp aI-\p-≠v.

5. A\p: A\phns\ Un{Kn ]T-\-Øn\p tijw bmt°m-

_mb k`bnse sshZn-I-\mb ^m. jn_p hnhmlw sNbvXp.

jn_p hmgq¿ kztZin h¿Kokv ˛ Gen-bmΩ Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI-

\m-Wv. Ct∏mƒ CS-adpIn¬ tkh-\-ap-jvTn°p-∂p. A\p So®-

dmbn tPmen sNøp-∂p. Ch¿°v c≠v a°ƒ.

5) h¿°n : aqim-cn-tb´p Ipt™-∏ns‚ a°-fn¬

A©m-a-\mb Ip™p-h¿°n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ h¿°n Imc-W-

h≥am¿ Xma-kn-®n-cp∂ apXp-Im-t´-en¬ ]pc-bn-S-Ønse Xd-hm-

60

´n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. At±-lw. \√ ]cn-{i-anbpw A≤zm-\-io-e--

\p -am -Wv . IpS -am -fq¿]≈n CS -hI sImØ-f -tج

tXmakv˛{_nPoØ aI-ƒ t{Xkym-Ωsb hnhmlw sNbvXp.

Ch¿°p c≠v BWpw \mep s]Æpw a°-fp-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v (ap-Xp-Im-t´m-en¬) h¿°nbpw `mcy t{Xky-mΩbpw

1. Fanen 2. _m_p 3. ¢mcn

4 B\n 5. tXmakv 6. A√n-°p´n

1. Fanen : sslkvIqƒ hnZym- ym-kØn\p tijw Fan-

ensb Icn-ºm-\n-]≈n CS-hI sXm´n-bn¬ amXyp hnhmlw

sNbvXp. Ch¿°v 2 BWpw Hcp s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

2. _m_p : _m_p F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tPmk^v

sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw IpSpw-_-Im-cy-ß-fn¬

amXm-]n-Xm-°sf klm-bn-°p-Ibpw AtXmsSm∏w G‰p-am-\q¿

SuWn-ep≈ •m v Iº-\n-bn¬ tN¿∂p ]Wn-Iƒ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ h≈n-°m´p PwKvj-\n¬ kz¥-ambn _n n-

\ v \S-Øp-∂p. 1988 BK-Ãp-amkw 29˛mw XobXn AΩ-t©cn

Ic-bn¬ ssXae ho´n¬ amXyp tacn aIƒ Gen-bmΩ (tam-fn)

sb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°p 3 B¨a-°ƒ.

1. Inc¨ 2. tdmP≥ 3. Acp¨.

61

aqim-cn-tb´v (ap-Xp-Im-t´m-en¬) _m_phpw IpSpw-_hpw

1. Inc¨ : 22.6.1991 ¬ P\n-®p. πkvSp-hn\v tijw Ce-

Iv{Sojy≥ tImgvkv ]m mbn Ce-Iv{So-jy-\mbn tPmen sNø∂p.

2.tdmP≥ (t]m∏n) 9.9.2003¬ P\n-®p. Ct∏mƒ 7˛mw

¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

3.Acp¨ (t]m-f-®≥) 3.4.2005¬ P\n-®p. Ct∏mƒ 5˛mw

¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

3. ¢mcn: Ip™q-™Ω F∂p hnfn-°p∂ ¢mcnsb

sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-kØn\p tijw ]mZphm Ic-bn¬ Be-

bv°m-ap-dn-bn¬ B‚Wn˛I{Xo\m aI≥ tPmkv hnhmlw

sNbvXp. 2s]Æpw HcmWpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

4. B\n : B\n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tdm Ω sslkvIqƒ

hnZym`ym-kØn\p tijw U¬ln-bn¬ t\gvknwKv ]Tn®v

Ct∏mƒ knwK-∏q-cn¬ t\gvkmbn tPmen sNøp-∂p. hnhmlw

sNbvXp IpSpw-_-ambn AhnsS Xma-kn-°p-∂p. `¿Ømhv Nμ≥

aI≥ sjdn≥ (A-∏p)

5. tXmakv˛ taml-®≥ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tXmakv

]T-\-Øn\p tijw Ct∏mƒ U¬ln-bn¬ Hcp tlmkv]n-‰-en¬

62

tPmen sNøp-∂p. a™m-a-‰w- Iq´n-bm-\n-°¬ A{_mlmw Gen

aIƒ tamfn-bmWv `mcy. aI≥ sIhn≥ (D-Æn) Ct∏mƒ 9˛mw

¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p. Ch¿ U¬ln-bn¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p.

6. A√n-°p´n : A√n-°p´n ]T-\-tijw U¬ln-bn¬

tPmen sNbvXp. AXn\p tijw tIme-t©cn Iocw-Ip-gn-bn¬

sF∏v ˛ kmdmΩ aI≥ amXypkv hnhmlw sNbvXv tIme-t©-

cn-bn¬ Xma-kn°p-∂p. HcmWpw Hcp s]Æpw a°-fm-bp≠v.

6) tdmkΩ: aqi-m-cn-tb´p Ipt™-∏ns‚ s]¨a-°-

fn¬ aqØ-bm-fmb s]Æv F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tdmk-Ωsb IqS-am-

fq¿]≈n CS-hI Imh-\m´v h¿°n hnhmlw sNbvXp. CSp°n

Pn√-bn¬ Cc-´-bm-dn¬ im¥n{Kmw F∂ ÿeØp Xma-kn-°p-

tºmƒ s]s´∂p≠mb AkpJw aqew 1995 ¬ \ncym-X-bm-bn.

Ch¿°v 3 BWpw 3 s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

7) amΩn :

Ipt™-∏ns‚ Cf-b-a-Iƒ amΩnsb sh´n-apIƒ CS-

hI I√psh-´p-Ipgn tPm¨ hnhmlw sNbvXp. \√ ]cn-{i-anbpw

A≤zm-\-io-e-\p-amb tPm¨ Irjn-bn-S-߃ hn]p-eo-I-cn-°p-∂-

Xn\p \ne-ºq¿ Icn-hm-cp-Ip≠v F∂ ÿeØp ÿnc-Xm-a-k-am-

°n. Ch¿°v aq∂mWpw Hcp s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

6. A∂Ω

aqim-cn-tb v tXmΩm-°m-c-W-h-cpsS Cf-b-a-Iƒ sIm®p-

s]Æv F∂p hnfn-®ph∂ A∂Ωsb ]cn-∏p-I-c-bn¬ h´-Øn¬

HuX hnhmlw sNbvXp. 5 s]¨a-°ƒ am{X-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂

HuXbpw sIm®p-s]Æpw tImgn-t°m´p Pn√-bn¬ Xncp-h-ºmSn

F∂ ÿe-Øp-sh®v \ncym-X-cm-bn.

7. tXmΩm

aqim-cn-tb´p tXmΩm-°m-c-W-h-cpsS Cf-b-a-I-\mb

tXmΩm-®≥ amXm-]n-Xm-°-tfm-sSmØp aqim-cn-tb´p Xd-hm-´n¬

Xma-kn-®p. Irjnsb am{Xw B{i-bn®p Ign™ At±-l-Øn\p

Irjn-bn¬ \n∂p In´n-bn-cp∂ Xp—-amb hcp-am\w sIm≠p IpSpw-

_-s®-e-hp-Ifpw _‘p-\ym-b-ßfpw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\p hfsc _p≤n-

63

ap-´m-bn-cp-∂p. \s√mcp ssZh-`‡-\m-bn-cp∂ At±lw k‘ym-

{]m¿∞-\-Iƒ apS°w IqSmsX \S-Øp-Ibpw km≤y-amb Znh-

k-ß-fn-se√mw ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbn Znhy-_-en-bn¬ kw_-‘n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp -∂p. hbem Ic-bn¬ Du∂p-I-t√¬

Hutk^v˛A∂ aIƒ adn-bsØ hnhmlw sNbvXp. tXmakv

hm¿≤-Iy-k-l-P-amb AkpJw aqew 1976 am¿®p-amkw 22˛mw

XobXn \ncym-X-\m-bn. adnbw 1996 s^{_p-hcn 3˛mw XnbXn

\ncym-X-bm-bn. Ccp-h-scbpw IqS-√q¿ sk‚ v tPmk^v ]≈n

skan-tØ-cn-bnse IpSpw-_-°-√-d-bn¬ kwkvI-cn-®p. Cu Zº-

Xn-Iƒ°v 4 BWpw 4 s]¨a°-fp-ap-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v tXmΩmbpw `mcy adn-bhpw

1. tdmkΩ 2. A∂-°p´n 3. tXmakv

4. tPmk^v 5. ^m.-t]mƒ 6. t{XkymΩ

7. kn.-¢m-cΩ 8. sk_m-Ãy≥

1. tdmkΩ: s]Æv F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tdmkΩ 1931 ¬

P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\p tijw ac-tßm-en-∏≈n CS-

hI ae-bn¬]p-Ø≥]pc Hutk^v˛A∂ aI≥ ]m∏-®≥ F∂p

hnfn-°p∂ De-l-∂≥ hnhmlw sNbvXp. ]m∏-®≥ 2012 epw

tdmkΩ 29.07.2014 epw \ncym-X-cmbn. Ccp-hscbpw ac-tßmen

]≈n skan-tØ-cn-bn¬ kwkvI-cn®p. Ch¿°v 4 BWpw 4

s]Æpw a°-fm-bp-≠v.

64

2. A∂-°p´n : A∂-°p´n 1933¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw IqS-√q¿ Bcm[\a-T-Ønse kntÃ-gvkn¬\n∂p ssIØ-ø¬ hi--am-°n. CS-a‰w ]≈n CS-hI ap≠m-´p-Np-≠-bn¬ (Im-cn-s°m-ºn¬) h¿°n˛adnbw aI≥ tXmakv hnhmlwsNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ I´-∏-\bv°v ASpØv I¬sØm´n F∂ÿeØp Xma-kn-°p-∂p. 1989 Pqsse amkw 31˛mw XobXn`¿Ømhv tXmakpw 2002 sabv 12˛mw XobXn A∂-°p-´nbpw\ncym-X-cm-bn. Ccp-h-scbpw I¬sØm´n ]≈n skan-tØ-cn-bn¬kwkvI-cn®p. Ch¿°v 5 B¨ a°ƒ D≠v. AXn¬ Hcp aI≥\ncym-X-\m-bn.

3. tXmakv: sXmΩ-®≥ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tXmakv1935 ¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw Irjn-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ hym]r-X-\mbn. IS-∏qcp Ipcn-ip-]≈n ]Wn-bp-∂-Xn\pw,IS-∏q-cp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]e tdmUp-I-fp-sSbpw \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\pwkPo-h-ambn kl-I-cn®p {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v. kz¥-tam _‘tamt\m°msX, Xs‚ Btcm-Ky-ÿn-Xnsb hI-h-bv°msX a‰p-≈-h¿°p imco-cn-I- k-lmb kl-I-c-W-߃ sNøp-∂-Xn¬Xm¬]cyw ImWn®ncp-∂p. 1960 G{]n¬ amkw 11˛mw XobXnAXn-c-ºpg∏≈n CS-hI Ip‰m-c-∏-≈n¬ ss]tem˛A∂ aIƒt{Xkym-Ωsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Xs‚ hoX-{]m-Imcw e`n®aqim-cn-tb´p Imcn-°m-a‰w ]pc-bn-S-Øn¬ amdnØm-a-kn-°p-∂p.`mcy t{XkymΩ 2009 Unkw-_¿ amkw 20˛mw \ncym-Xbmbn,IqS-√q¿ ]≈n skan-tØ-cn-bn¬ kwkvI-cn®p. Ch¿°v 3 BWpw2 s]Æpw a°-fp-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v Fw.-Sn. tXmakpw Ip-Spw-_hpw

65

1. tXmakv 2. t]mƒ 3. tPmk^v 4. tacn 5. A∂Ω

1. tXmakv: km_p F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tXmakv 1963

s^{_p-hcn amkw 20˛mw XobXn P\n-®p. sslkvIqƒ hnZym-

`ym-k-Øn\p tijw s]mXp-hn-Zym-`ymk hIp-∏n¬ tPmen sNøp-

∂p.km_p cmjv{Sob kmap-Zm-bnI taJ-e-I-fnepw kPo-h-ambn

{]h¿Øn°p-∂p. 1999 G{]n¬ amkw 8mw XobXn Ab¿°p∂w

]≈n CS-hI hb-en¬ kvIdnb ˛ tacn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ

(tdmk) sP nsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. sP n tIm´bw FIvsk-

evjy¿ kvIqfn¬ So®-dmbn tPmen sNøp-∂p. hoX-{]-Imcw e`n®

aqim-cn-tb´v ]pc-bn-S-Øn¬ amdn Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v Hcp

aIƒ.

aqim-cn-tb´v km_phpw IpSpw-_hpw

1. {Sokm acnb km_p ˛ {Sokm acnb F∂p hnfn-

°p∂ sXtck 2000 \hw-_¿ amkw 28˛mw XobXn P\n®p.

Ct∏mƒ awK-fmcmw C≥^‚ v Pokkv ]ªnIv kvIqfn¬ 10˛mw

¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

2. t]mƒ : kPn F∂p hnfn-°p∂ t]mƒ 1967 s^{_p-

hcn amkw 3˛mw XobXn P\n-®p. tImtfPv hn-Zym`ym-k-Øn-\p-

tijw a{Zm-kn¬ ITI bn¬ tN¿∂p (S¿W¿ t{KUv) ]Tn®p

]m mb tijw AhnsS Hcp Iº-\n-bn¬ Hcp h¿jw A{]‚o-

kmbn tkh\w \S-Øn. ]n∂oSp c≠p-h¿j-°mew Hdo-k-bn¬

Hcp Iº-\n-bn¬ tÃm¿ Io-∏-dmbn tPmen sN-bvXp. t]mƒ (k-

66

Pn) 2001 \hw-_¿ amkw 26˛mw XobXn \ºym-Ipfw CS-hI

s\Sn-b-Im-em-bn¬ Ipcym-t°mkv˛A∂Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ

A∂Ω (t{K-kn)sb hnhmlw sNbvXp. hoX {]Imcw e`n®

aqim-cn-tb´v ]pc-bn-S-Øn¬ amdn Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v Hcp

aIƒ.

aqim-cn-tb´v kPnbpw IpSpw-_hpw

1. t\l : t\l F∂p hnfn-°p∂ t{Xkym 2004 am¿®v amkw

29˛mw XobXn P\n-®p. Ct∏mƒ sk‚ v t]mƒkv tKƒkv

sslkvIqƒ, sh´n-ap-Iƒ 7˛mw ¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

3. tPmk^v: ktPmbn F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tPmk^v 1969

G{]n¬ amkw 20˛mw XobXn P\n-®p. {]oUn-{Knbpw ssS∏vssd-

‰nwKpw ]Tn® tijw Bep-hm-bn¬ {_tZgvkv k`-bn¬ tN¿∂p.

Hcp h¿jw AhnsS ]T\w \S-Øn Hcp h¿j-Øn-\p-tijw

Xncn-sI-t∏m-∂p. Ipd-®p-Imew t_mws_-bn¬ tIm¨{SmIv‰v

FSpØp πw_¿tPmen \S-Øn. Ct∏mƒ ]nXmhv tXma-kn-s\m∏w

Xd-hm- n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. 2005 sk]v‰w-_¿ 17˛mw XobXn sh≈-

Øq-h¬ CS-hI ]n. hn. ss]en ˛ Fenk-_Øv aIƒ PnPnsb

hnhmlw sNbvXp. ktPmbn ˛ PnPn Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v c≠mWpw

Hcp s]Æpw a-°-fm-bp-≠v.

67

aqim-cn-tb´v ktPm-bnbpw IpSpw-_hpw ]nXmhv tXma-kn-t\m-sSm∏w

1. kmhn-tbm : k-tPmbnbpsS aqØ ]p{X≥ kmhntbm

F∂ tXmakv 2006 Pq¨ 17˛mw XobXn P\n-®p. Ct∏mƒ

tacnamXm ]ªn°v kvIqƒ, IS-πm-a‰Øv 4˛mw¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p∂p.

2. km\nb : k-tPmbnbpsS aIƒ km\nb F∂p hnfn-

°p∂ t{Xkn 2009 Pqsse amkw 7mw XobXn P\n-®p. IqS-√q-¿

sk‚ v B‚-Wokv F¬.]n kvIfn¬ 1˛mw Ivfmkn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

3. km¬hn≥ : ktPm-bn-bpsS c≠m-asØ aI≥

km¬hn≥ F∂ t]mƒ 2012 HIvtSm-_¿ 11˛mw XobXn P\n-®p.

4. tacn : kPn\n F∂phn-fn-°p∂ tacn 1977 s^{_p-

hcn amkw 28˛mw XobXn P\n-®p. Aa-e-Kn-cn- tIm-tf-Pn¬ \n∂p

{]oUn{Kn ]T-\-Øn\pw \gvknwßv ]T-\-Øn\pw tijw

t_mws_ \m\m-hXn Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ tPmen-bn¬ Ccnt° 2005

P\p-hcn amkw 27˛mw XobXn s]m¶-¥m\w Ic-bn¬ apcWn

]d-ºn¬ tXmakv I{Xn\m Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ tkmP≥ F∂p

hnfn-°p∂ (tPm-_v) hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v Hcp BWpw

Hcp s]Æpw a°fm-bp≠v.

68

5. A∂Ω : kPo\m F∂p hnfn-°p∂ A∂Ω 1979

G{]n¬ 21˛mw XobXn P\n-®p. IS-∏qcp Kh. lb¿sk-°‚dn

kvIqfn¬ \n∂v SSLC ^Ãv ¢m n¬ ]m m-bn. k-Po-\m PDChnZym`ymk-Øn-\p-tijw sNss∂bnep≈ sk‚ v Ck-s_√

Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ \gvknwKv hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n. kuZn-

bn¬ Ãm^v \gvkmbn tPmen-bn¬ Ccnt° 2007 BKÃv 29 ˛mw

XobXn ss]I ]≈n CS-hI \cn-Xq-°n¬ tSmw˛h¬kΩ Zº-

Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ s_∂n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tXma-kns\ hnhmlw

sNbvXp. Hcp aIƒ D≠v.

4) tPmk^v

tXmΩmbpsS- c≠m-asØ ]p{X-\mb sImt®∏v F∂p-

hn-fn-°p∂ tPmk^v 1938¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym`ym-k-Øn-\p-

tijw Irjn-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-´p. IS-πm-a‰w ]≈n CS-hI

amdnSw Ic-bn¬ HmSm-\n-tb¬ Ahncm ˛ A∂Ω aIƒ Gen-°p-

´nsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Xs‚ hoX-{]-Imcw e`n® aqim-cn-tb´v

]pc-bn-S-Øn¬ amdn Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°p 2 BWpw

3 s]Æpw a°-fmbp-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v Fw.-Sn. tPmk^pw IpSpw-_hpw

1. tacn 2. tXmakv 3. ¢mc 4. A{_lmw 5. A∂Ω

1. tacn : tamfn F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tacn 5.10.1964¬ P\n-

®p. IS-∏qcp Kh. sslkvIq-fn¬ \n∂v SSLC bpw BK tImtfPv

Aa-e-Kn-cn-bn¬ \n∂v PDC bpw ^Ãv ¢mt m-Sp-IqSn ]m m-bn.

XpS¿∂p t_mws_ \mb¿ tlm-kv]n-‰-en¬ tN¿∂p t\gvknwKv

hnZym`ymkw D∂-X-\n-e-hm-c-Øn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-°n. Hcp h¿jw

AhnsS tPmen sNbvXp. AhnsS \n∂p kuZn- A-td-_y-bn¬

69

A∫m F∂ ÿeØp Ãm^vt\-gvkmbn tPmen sNbvXp. 1991

sk]v‰w-_¿ amkw 9˛mw XobXn IS-∏qcp amfn-tb-°¬ Ipcy≥˛

adn-b-°p´n aI≥ tPmWn tamfnsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ

IpSpw-_-k-taXw Cw•-≠n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v c≠v s]¨a-

°ƒ.

2. tXmakv (kn-_n)

kn_n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tXmakv 24.04.1969¬ P\n-®p.

IS-∏qcv Kh¨sa‚ v sslkvIq-fn¬ \n∂v SSLC bpw ]mem

sk‚ vtXm-akv tImf-Pn¬ \n∂pw {]oUn{Knbpw aqwss_bnse

^mZ¿ B·¬ C≥Ãn-‰yq-´-n¬ \n∂pw ITI Fb¿I-≠o-j≥

t{SUpw ]m m-bn. XpS¿∂v aqwss_, Zp_mbv F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬

tPmen sNbvXp. 1998 \hw_¿ 26\v Ab¿°p∂w CS-hI

Ipt∂¬ tPmk^v ˛tdmk Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ jmPn-tamsf

hnhmlw sNbvXp. jmPn-taƒ \gvkv BWv. Ch¿ Ct∏mƒ IpSpw-

_-k-taXw Cw•-≠n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v 1 ]p{X\pw 1

]p{Xn-bp-ap-≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v kn_nbpw IpSpw-_hpw

1. P^n≥ 2 \anX

1. P^n≥ 02.04.2001 ¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym- ymkw \S-Øp-∂p.

2. \anX 18.03.2006 ¬ P\n-®p. kvIqƒ hnZym¿∞n-\n-bm-Wv.

70

3. ¢mc (kn-\n)

kn\n F∂p hnfn-°p∂ ¢mc 21.17.1972 ¬ P\n-®p.

\gvknwKv ]T-\-Øn\p tijw 2000 sabv 24\v sh´n-ap-Iƒ CS-hI

Cug-Øm\w Ipgn-bn¬ tZhkym adn-b-°p´n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥

_nPphns\ hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿ IpSpw_-k-taXw Cw•-

≠n¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v 2 BWpw 1 s]Æpw a°-fp-≠v.

4 A{_lmw (kn-Pp) : knPp F∂p hnfn -°p∂

A{_mlw 25˛09˛1975 ¬ P-\n-®p. tImtfPv hnZym`ym-k-Øn\v

tijw apws_-bn¬ Hcp kzImcy Iº-\-n-bn¬ 7 h¿jw A°u-

≠‚ v Bbn tPmen sNbvXp 2004 apX¬ tIm´-b-Øp≈ t]m∏p-

e¿ lyq≠mbv F∂ ÿm]-\-Øn¬ tPmen sNøp-∂p. 2006 sabv

8˛mw XobXn Ab¿°p∂w CS-hI tImWn-°¬ De-l-∂m≥˛

A∂Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ kpansb hnhmlw sNbvXp. kpan

MA BEd _ncp-Z-[m-cn-bm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ G‰p-am-\q-cp≈ SFS kvIqfn¬

A≤ym-]n-I-bm-Wv. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v 1 BWpw 1 s]Æpw a°-

fmbp≠v.

aqim-cn-tb´v knPphpw IpSpw-_hpw ]nXmhv Fw.-Sn. tPmk-^n-t\mSpw

amXmhv Gen-°p-´n-tbm-Sp-sam∏w

71

1. Fen-k-_Øv 2. tPmk^v

1. Fen-k-_Øv : F¬P F∂p hnfn-°p∂ Fen-k-

_Øv 16.07.2007 ¬ P\n-®p. G‰p-am-\q¿ S.F.S. ]ªn°v kvIqfn¬

]Tn-°p-∂p.

2. tPmk^v : tPmkvhn≥ F∂p hnfn-°p-∂ tPmk^v

22.02.2010 ¬ P\n-®p. G‰p-am-\q¿ S.F.S. ]ªn°v kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p-

∂p.

5. A∂Ω (kn-Pn)

knPn 17˛05˛1978 ¬ P-\n-®p. \gvknwKv ]T\w ]q¿Øn-

bm°n. 2007 sk]v‰w-_¿ 27\v s\Spw-Ip∂w Rmen-∏-d-ºn¬

tPm¿÷v-˛-F¬kΩ Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ Acp¨ knPnsb

hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿ IpSpw-_-k-taXw Cw•-≠n¬. Ch¿°v

3 Ip´n-Iƒ.

5) m. t]mƒ

aqim-cn -tb´p

tXmΩm-®s‚ aq∂m-

asØ ]p{X-\mb

ss]tem -®≥ F∂p

hnfn-°p∂ ^m. t]mƒ

29.9.1940 ¬ P\n-®p. IS-

∏qcp Kh. bp.]n .

kvIqƒ, InS -ßq¿

sk‚ v tacokv

sslkvIqƒ F∂n-hn-S-

ß-fn¬ kvIqƒ hnZym-

`ymkw \S-Øn. 1959

am¿®v amk-Øn¬ SSLC]m m-bn. `c-W-ßm-\-

Øp≈ ^m. tPm¿÷v

amXyp ]me-°m-´p-Ip-

t∂ens‚ kl-b-

Øm¬ 1959 ¬ a{Zmkv ssaem-∏q¿ skan-\m-cn-bn¬ tN¿∂v sshZn-

^m. t]mƒ aqim-cn-tb´v

72

^m. t

]mƒ

aqi

m-cn-tb

-´ns‚

]utc

m-lnX

y cP

-X-P

q-_n-e

n-tb

m-S-\

p-_-‘

n®v F

SpØ

t^

mt´m

(19

95)

73

I-]-T\w \S-Øn. ]Øp h¿jsØ ]T-\-Øn-\p-tijw 1970 ¬

ssaem-∏q-cn¬ hn. tXmΩm-«o-lm-bpsS IØo-{U¬ _k-en°-

bn¬ h®v A`n-hμy tUm. Acp-f∏m Un.-Un. Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬

\n∂p ]utcm-lnXyw kzoI-cn-®p. AXn-\p-tijw CS-h-I- tZ-hm-

e-b-amb IqS-√q¿ sk‚ v tPmk^v ]≈n-bn¬ ]tc-X-\mb _.

aqim-cn-tb´p sk_m-Ãy-\-®s‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ {]Ya Znhy-_-

en-b¿∏Ww \S-Øn.

BZy-ambn a{Zm-kn¬ Io¬∏m-°n-ep≈ hnip≤ hna-e-

lr-Z-b-Øns‚ t\¿®-∏-≈n-bn¬ Akn. hnIm-cn-bmbn 1971 Pq¨

amkw apX¬ 1977 Pqsse hsc tkh\w A\p-jvTn®p. A°m-

eØv a{Zmkv etbmf tImtf-Pn¬ tN¿∂v M.A. en‰-td-®¿ _ncpZw

t\Sn. ]n∂oSp thfm-t®-cn¬ \nXy-k-lm-b-am-Xm-hns‚ \ma-Øn-

ep≈ ]≈n-bn¬ 1977 apX¬ 1983 hsc tkh\w A\p-jvTn®p.

XpS¿∂p hmj¿am≥s]´v F∂ ÿeØp I√d tImbn¬ F∂

t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ hnip≤ tdm°n-kns‚ \maØn-ep≈

]≈n-bn¬ 1983 apX¬ 1992 hsc tkh\w sNbvXp. 1992 apX¬

hnip≤ tXmΩm-«o-lm-bpsS cl-ky-Po-hn-X-ÿ-ehpw Xo¿∞m-

S-\-tI-{μ-hpamb Nn∂-ae-bn-ep≈ Btcm-Ky-am-Xm-hns‚ ]≈n-

bnepw tkh\w sNbvXp. Xnc-t°-dnb tkh-\-߃°n-S-bnepw

IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fpsS AXymh-iy-®-S-ßp-I-fn¬ kw_-‘n-°p-hm≥

{]tXyI Xm¬]cyw ImWn-°p-Ibpw IpSpw-_-Iq-´m-bva-°m-h-iy-

amb \n¿t±-i߃ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚

cP-X-Pq-_nen 23.5.1995 ¬ kz¥w CS-h-I-bmb IqS-√q¿]-≈n-

bn¬h®v BtLm-jn°pIbpw IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fmb sshZn-I-tcm-

sSm∏w kaq-l-_en A¿∏n®v ssZh-Øn\p \μn ]dbpIbpw

sNbvXp. 44 h¿jsØ CS-hI `c-W-Øn\v tijw a{Zm-kn¬

{]oÃv tlman¬ hn{i-a-Po-hnXw \-bn-°p-∂p.

6) t{XkymΩ

sXømΩ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ t{XkymΩ 1943 ¬ P\n-®p.

InS-ßq¿ sk‚ v tacokv sslkvIq-fn¬ \n∂v SSLC ]m m-b-

tijw G‰p-am-\q¿ C≥Ukv{Sn-b¬ FtÃ-‰n¬ c≠p h¿jw

tPmen sNbvXp. 1966 ¬ sX≈Iw Ic-bn¬ ]pØ≥Im-em-bn¬

ss]tem˛tdm  aI≥ sk_m-Ãy≥ hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ

74

Cfw-ImSv F∂ ÿeØv Xma-kn-°p-∂p. Ch¿°v c≠p a°ƒ.

Hcp BWpw Hcp s]Æpw. aIƒ (sd-\n) ¢qWn k∂ym-kn-k`-

bn¬ tkh\w A\p-jvTn-°p∂p. sk_mÃy≥ 08.05.2015 ¬ \n-

cym-X-\-mbn.

7) knÿ ¢mcΩ

1946 ¬ P\n-®p. InS-ßq¿ sk‚ v tacokv sslkvIq-

fn¬ \n∂v SSLC hnZym`ym-kØn-\p-tijw ho´p-tPm-en-I-fn¬

amXm-]n-Xm-°sf klm-bn-®p. 1970 ¬ a√-∏-≈n-°-SpØv Ip∂-

¥m-\-Øp≈ k\ym-k-k`bn¬ tN¿∂p. AhnsS \n∂pw {hX-

hm-Kv-Zm-\hpw k`m-h-kv{X- kzo-I-c-Whpw \S-Øn. _nj-∏ns‚

AwKo-Im-c-an-√mXncp∂ Hcp k∂ymk B{i-a-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.

AXn-\m¬ AhnsS \n∂v 1980 am¿®p-amkw 20˛mw XobXn apX¬

Hdo-km-bn-ep≈ acn-b-Zm-knk`bn¬ tN¿∂p (HAND MAIDS OF

MARY) tkh\w \S-Øp-∂p. IpjvT-tcm-Kn-I-sfbpw AK-Xn-I-sfbpw

ip{iq-jn-°-emWv {][m\ tkh\w. Hdo-kbn¬ h®v IpjvT-tcm-

K- ip-{iq-jm -tImgvkv ]m m-bn. tIc-f-Øn¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØpw

aWn-a-ebnepw k`m-ÿm-]-\-߃ D≠v. Ct∏mƒ Hdo-km-bn¬

D≈ P¿kp-KpSm aT-Øn¬ tkh\w A\p-jvTn-°p-∂p.

8) sk_m-Ãy≥

aqim-cntb´v tXmam-®s‚ Cf-b-]p-{X-\mb tZh-kym-®≥

F∂p hnfn-°p∂ sk_m-Ãy≥ 15.7.52¬ P\n-®p. IS-∏qcp Kh.

sslkvIq-fn¬ \n∂v SSLC ]m m-bn 1976 HIvtSm-_¿amkw 7˛mw

XobXn IqS-√q¿]≈n CS-hI Be-∏≥ Xt´¬ De-l-∂≥˛tdm 

aIƒ t{Xkym-Ωsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. 1977 P\p-hcn amk-Øn¬

ImW-°mcn k¿Δokv kl-IcW _m¶n¬ tPmen e`n-®p. tIm -

b-Øp≈ kl-I-c-W -hn-Zym- ymk tI{μ-Øn¬\n∂p kl-I-cW

PqWn-b¿ Untπmam tImgvkv (JDC) ]m mbn. _m¶ns‚ shº-

≈n- {_m-©n¬ tPmen sNøsh 13˛06˛2000 Øn¬ cmP-ÿm-

\n¬ hml-\m-]-I-S-Øn¬ \ncym-X-\m-bn. IqS-√q¿ ]≈n skan-

tØ-cn-bn¬ IpSpw-_-°-√-d-bn¬ kwkvI-cn®p. sk_m-Ãy-≥

t{XkymΩ Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v 1 BWpw 2 s]¨a-°-fp-ap≠v. sk_mÃ-

Ã≥ aqimcntb v IpSpw-_-tbm-K-Øns‚ ÿm]I tPmbn‚ v sk{I-

´-dn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

75

aqim-cn-tb´v Fw. Sn. sk_m-Ãy\pw IpSpw-_hpw amXmhv adn-b-tØm-sSm∏w

1. tacn ˛ \nj F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tacn 9.8.1977 ¬ P\n-

®p. sh´n-ap-Iƒ sk‚ v t]mƒkv tKƒkv sslkvIq-fn¬ \n∂v

SSLC bpw G‰p-am-\q¿ sht°-j-W¬ lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqfn¬

\n∂p VHSE bpw, a{Zm-kn¬ tZhIn tlmkv]n-‰-en¬ \n∂v

\gvknwKpw ]m mbn. Ct∏mƒ kuZn-bn¬ kv‰m^v \gvkmbn

tPmen sNøp-∂p. 7.6.2003¬ tIm´-bv°p-]p-dØv CS-h-I- t]-a-e-

bn¬ tPmk v A∂Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ tPmbnsb hnhmlw

sNbvXp. Ch¿°v 1 BWpw 1 s]Æpw a°-fp-≠v.

2. tXmakv PntPm F∂p hnf-n°p∂ tXmakv 6.9.1979

¬ P\n-®p.]nXm-hns‚ \ncymWw aqew h∂ Hgn-hn¬ ImW-

°mcn k¿Δokv kl-IcW_m¶n¬ tPmensNøp-∂p. 8.5.2008¬

G¥-bm¿ sk‚ v ta-cn-kv ]≈n CS-hI hS-t°¬ sk_m-Ãy≥

t{XkymΩ Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ (a-cn-b) kn¬hnsb hnhmlw

sNbvXp. kn¬hn \gvkm-Wv. aqim-cn-tb´v Xd-hm-´p-ho-´n¬ Xma-

kn-°p-∂p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v 3 B¨a-°-fp-≠v.

76

aqim-cn-tb´v PntPmbpw IpSpw-_hpw amXmhv t{XkymΩtbmSpw ^m. t]mƒ

aqim-cn-tb-´n-t\mSpw kn. ¢mc-Ω-tbm-Sp-sam∏w

1. sPkvhn≥ 2. tKmUvhn≥ 3. tKmUvk¨

1. sPkvhn≥ F∂ sk_m-Ãy≥ 21.8.2009¬ P\n-®p. I -

®nd tacn-au≠v kvIqfn¬ 1˛mw ¢mkn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.

2. tKmUvhn≥ 31.7.2013¬ P\n®p

3. tKmUvk¨ 5.8.2014¬ P\n-®p.

3. tdmkΩ : Pn≥kn F∂p hnfn-°p∂ tdmkΩ 31.3.1981

¬ P\n-®p. Pn≥knsb ]T-\-tijw 16.5.2005¬ Im™n-c-a‰w ]≈n

CS-hI s\Spw XI-Sn-tb¬ CΩm-\p-h¬ F¬kΩ Zº-Xn-I-fpsS

aI≥ jnt‚m hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ch¿°v 1 BWpw 1 s]Æpw

a°-fm-bp-≠v.