unit_10 básico hostelería plans

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UNIT 10. PLANS

MISCELLANEA Diferentes formas de ofrecer y pedir ayuda

1. A continuacin le presentamos una serie de situaciones en las que alguienpide u ofrece ayuda. Escoge la opcin que te parezca correcta (en algunos casoshay ms de una opcin).

1. A: I can't carry this case. It's too heavy for me.

B: Don't worry. I carry it.

a. could help you b. may help you c. will help you

2. A: I must hand in a project at school but my typewriter doesn't work.

B: If you like, I type it for you.

a. can b. will c. would

3. A: I've just got a call saying that my mother's in hospital. I must leave right now.

B: give you a lift to the hospital?

a. Will I b. May I c. Shall I

TEXT. FORMAS DE EXPRESAR EL FUTURO

Para hablar sobre el futuro podemos utilizar diferentes formas verbales dependiendo del matiz

que se quiera expresar. Estas formas que expresan ideas distintas sobre el futuro son:

Going toAfirmacin Negacin InterrogacinI am going to work I am not going to work Am I going to work?

You are going to work You are not going to work Are you going to work?

He is going to work He is not going to work Is he going to work?

She is going to work She is not going to work Is she going to work?

It is going to work It is not going to work Is it going to work?

We are going to work We are not going to work Are we going to work?

You are going to work You are not going to work Are you going to work?

They are going to work They are not going to work Are they going to work?

Utilizaremos la forma g o i n g t o cuando hablamos de acciones futuras sobre las cuales ya hemospensado con antelacin.


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Ejemplo: When he finishes his studies at university, h e ' s g o i n g t o travel around the world.

El hecho de usar g o i n g t o indica que esta persona ha decidido con anterioridad lo que quiere

hacer al acabar sus estudios.

Por otra parte, esta forma verbal tambin expresa una prediccin sobre el futuro basada en

hechos actuales:

Ejemplo: Stop playing with that lighter! Y o u ' r e g o in g t o burn your fingers.

El hecho de 'jugar con el encendedor' es la base para predecir 'te vas a quemar los dedos'. Este

uso del g o i n g t o tambien es conocido como el futuro inmediato.

WillEste es un verbo modal; no tiene significado en s mismo pero indica que el verbo que le sigue

est en futuro. W i l l ms el infinitivo de otro verbo a continuacin forman el Future with w i ll .

Affirmative Negative InterrogativeI will/shall work (I'll) I will / shall not work (won't/ shan't) Will / shall I work?

You will work You (you'll) will not work (won't) Will you work?

He will work (he'll) He will not work (won't) Will he work?

She will work (she'll) She will not work (won't) Will she work?

it will work (it'll) It will not work (won't) Will it work?

We will /Shall work (we'll) We will /shall not work (won't/shant) Will /shall we work?

You will work (you'll) You will not work (won't) Will you work?

They will work (they'll) They will not work (won't) Will they work?

Igual que el g o i n g t o el futuro simple tambin expresa una intencin futura; en este caso la

decisin se toma en el momento de hablar; no es una intencin ya meditada.

Ejemplo: - Oh dear, I left my keys at the office. How can I get into the house?

- I know! I ' l l g e t i n through the kitchen window.

La decisin de entrar en la casa por la ventana no es premeditada sino improvisada.

El w i l l tambin expresa predicciones sobre el futuro en trminos generales y normalmente sin

ninguna base en el presente. Normalmente va precedido de una serie de verbos como:

think suppose hope be sure expect guess

Ejemplos: Where w i ll people l i v e in the 22nd century?

I hope my children w i l l b e intelligent and good-looking.

We don't thinkw e ' l l w i n the match; we aren't as good as the other team.


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The Present Continuous TenseEste tiempo verbal se utiliza como futuro para hablar de aquellas acciones futuras que ya han

sido preparadas y decididas con antelacin. En cierto sentido es muy parecido al futuro de g o i n g t o

y pueden intercambiarse en muchos casos.

Affirmative Interrogative NegativeI am(I'm)working am I working? I am (I'm) not working

you are (you're)working are you working? you are not (aren't) working

he is (he's)working is he working? he is not (isn't) working

she is (she's)working is she working? she is not (isn't) working

it is (it's ) working is it working? it is not (isn't) working

we are (we're) working are we working? we are not (aren't) working

you are (you're)working are you working? you are not (aren't) working

they are (they're) working are they working? they are not (aren't) working

Ejemplo: I ' m n o t co m i n g to the excursion on Sunday. I'm working.

En el ejemplo ms que expresar nuestra intencin, estamos indicando lo que ya est dispuesto o

preparado para el domingo.

2. Listening. Lidia has to travel. Escucha la conversacin entre Lidia y sumarido, James, y responde a las siguientes preguntas.

1. Where is Lidia flying to?

2. How will Cris feel?

3. Are they going to cancel their holiday?

4. What is James going to do?

5. What is Lidia going to do?

6. What did Lidia nearly forget?

3. True/False. Vuelve a reproducir el listening y marca qu afirmaciones sonverdaderas y cules falsas. Corrige las errneas.

1. Lidia has got some good news to tell her husband. T / F


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2. Shes flying to Sydney on Monday. T / F

3. Cris doesnt want her husband to cancel their holiday. T / F

4. James thinks they wont get their money back if they cancel their holiday. T / F

5. Lidia is going to prepare a special dinner tonight. T / F

6. Its Jamess mothers birthday. T / F

Ahora puedes leer la conversacin para comprobar tus respuestas.Lidia: Im afraid I have some bad news to tell you.

James: I suppose its something to do with your job, isnt it?

Lidia: Exactly. Im flying to Sydney next Sunday. The company needs me for theTour Operators Conference.

James: So, were going to have to cancel our holiday in Disneyworld, arent we? Criswill get very upset when she finds out and she will never forgive us, if we

dont go, will she?

Lidia: Well, you dont have to miss your holiday. Why dont the two of you go andIll join you the second week. You know it took us a long time to plan and

arrange everything for this trip. And it would be a pity to not to go now. And

youre absolutely right: Cris would never forgive us!

James: Yes, and besides, its too late for cancellations. Im sure we wouldnt haveour money refunded anyway, would we?

Lidia: Honey, you can make dinner for us tonight, cant you? Im going to look atthe conference programme and make all the necessary arrangements for the

trip. Theres a lot to do and Ive got very little time.

James: Dont worry, Ill see to the dinner today. Ill prepare some spaghettibolognese. You bought some pasta this morning, didnt you?

Lidia: Oh, I forgot! Its Mums birthday and shes invited us for lunch next Saturday.We have to buy her a present. You can take care of that too, cant you?

James: Oh, all right!

Lidia: Thanks ever so much. I do love you!

VOCABULARY Sufijos para crear nuevo vocabulario


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A continuacin presentamos una serie de sufijos para formar sustantivos, adjetivos y verbos.

-al, -en, -ance, -ition, -er, -ist, -ize, -ment, -ous, -less, -ive, - ness, -ify

Sustantivos: ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____.

Verbos: ____, ____, ____,

Adjetivos: ____, ____, ____, ____,

4. Puedes completar las siguientes palabras con uno de los sufijosanteriores? Usa el diccionario si lo necesitas.

1. verbal____ 2. industrial_____ 3. care_____ 4. act_____

5. compete_____ 6. short____ 7. assist________ 8. motor____

9. work____ 10. solid________ 11. happy____ 12. govern_______

13. danger____

5. Podras traducir las palabras anteriores y las palabras derivadas?

1. Verbo__________Verbal_________

2. ____________________________

3. ____________________________

4. ____________________________

5. ____________________________

6. ____________________________

7. ____________________________

8. ____________________________

9. ____________________________

10.____________________________

11.____________________________

12.____________________________

13.____________________________

GeografaAcantilado Cliff

Afluente Tributary

Altura sobre elnivel del mar

Height abovesea level

Archipilago Archipelago

Arroyo Stream, Brook

Atlas Atlas

Baha Bay

Cabo Cape

Canal Canal

Cascada Waterfall

Caudal Flow

Cielo Sky

Crculo polar Polar circle

Clima Climate

Colina Hill

Colina Hill

Continente Continent

Costa Coast

Delta Delta

Desembocadura Mouth

Desfiladero Narrow pass

Desierto Desert

Duna Dune

Ecuador Equator

Estanque Pond

Estrecho Strait

Estuario Estuary

Fiordo Fiord

Geografa Geography

Geologa Geology

Golfo Gulf

Hidrografa Hydrography

Iceberg Iceberg

Isla Island

Jungla Jungle

Ladera Slope

Lago Lake

Latitud Latitude


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Litoral Littoral ; Coast; Shore

Llanura Plain

Longitud Longitude

Manantial Spring

Mapa Map

Mar Sea

Meandro Meander

Meridiano Meridian

Meseta Tableland

Meteorologa Meteorology

Montaoso Hilly

Monte Mount

Mundo World

Oasis Oasis

Ocano Ocean

Oceanografa Oceanography

Orografa Orography

Paisaje Landscape

Pantano(natural) Marsh

Paralelo Parallel

Pennsula Peninsula

Peon ; Roca Rock

Playa Beach ; Shore

Polo Norte North pole

Polo Sur South pole

Pradera(pequea) Meadow

Pradera(grande) Prairie

Precipicio Precipice

Puerto Port,Harbour

Puntos cardinales Cardinal

points

Relieve Relief

Ria Estuary

Riachuelo ;Arroyo

Stream

Rio River

Sabana Savannah

Selva virgen Virgin forest

Tierra Earth

Tierra ; Suelo Soil

Torrente Torrent

Tropico de CancerTropic of

Cancer

Tropico deCapricornio

Tropic of

Capricorn

Valle Valley

Vegetacin Vegetation

Volcn Volcano

SELF-EVALUATION EXERCISES6. Completa el siguiente texto con la forma apropiada (sustantivo, adjetivo, etc.)de la palabra que aparece en maysculas.

1. When I was a child I always wanted to be a (SCIENCE).

2. At school my teachers said that I was good at (CHEMIST). Besides, I was a

very (IMAGINE) boy.

3. I used to think that I would discover a (WONDER) drug that would

keep people always young and (ATTRACT).

4. So, a few years later, I decided to start working first on a (PRODUCE) for

bald people.

5. After some months of (INVESTIGATE).

6. I obtained a (CREAM) substance, which I spread all over my arms DAY

for a month.

7. After this time and to my (DISAPPOINT) nothing happened.

8. I concluded that being a _________ (SCIENCE) was a hard chore and many times you didnt

get the result you expected. And that was the end of my career as a scientist.

7. Coloca las palabras en orden para que las oraciones tengan sentido.


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1. finish / at / travel / am / abroad / when / to / I / my / I / university / studies / going

2. by / you / plane / Amsterdam / travelling / are / or / to / train

3. any / not / does / languages / he / foreign / Mike / speak / does

4. you / as / I / to / get / soon / phone / will / airport / as / the / I

5. book / much / I / history / am / do / reading / I / very / like / about / it / but / not / a

8. Lee los planes de Mark para la primera semana de enero.

9. Ahora completa la siguiente conversacin usando informacin del diario.1. Julie: Darling, you know that tomorrow were going for lunch with mom and dad. Are we

going to do anything else?

Mark:

2. Steve: Hi, Mark. This is Steve. Are you coming to the dart competition at the Red Lion?

Mark: Well, Id like to but


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3. Julie: Honey, you know its your mums birthday on Thursday, dont you? What are yougoing to give her as a birthday present?

Mark: I cant make up my mind really. I know!

a French perfume.

4. Jimmy: Hi, Mark. How are you? I havent seen you for ages! Do you fancy a bike ride onSaturday morning, as in the old times?

Mark: Im afraid I

but how about the next Saturday?

OPEN EXERCISES EVALUATION10. Marca la opcin correcta.

1. Ive bought some warm clothes because (Im going to spend / Ill spend) a few days in the

French Alps next November.

2. Sam has just got back from hospital

Really? (Ill give / Im going to give) him a ring

3. What are (you doing / are you going to do) tonight?

4. Shall we go for a picnic at the weekend?

Good idea! I (am going to bring / Ill bring) a Spanish omelette.

5. Why (are you putting / do you put on) your jacket?

6. Im shopping / Im going shopping.

7. I havent got enough money to get the bus.

(Ill lend / Im going to lend) you some, if you like.

8. (I dont work / Im not working) tomorrow morning. I have an appointment at the dentists.

11. Ahora traduce las frases anteriores.

1.

2.

3.


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4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

12. Responde con la forma larga a las siguientes preguntas sobre tus planesfuturos.

1. What are you doing on Tuesday morning?

2. Are you playing any sports during the week? When?

3. Are you free on Saturday afternoon?

4. Can we meet on Thursday evening?

5. Are you going out during the week? When? Where?

6. Are you meeting anybody?

7. Whats happening on Monday?

8. What are your plans for the weekend?

9. Where are you going on Friday night?

10. Which day is the busiest? Why?


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