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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTALRAFAEL MARIA BARALTPROGRAM: ENGINEERING

PROJECT: GASSUBJECT: ENGLISH II

TEACHER: JESSICA ROSENDO

UNIDAD V: MECANISMOS DE COHESIN GRAMATICAL

COHESION:Es la relacin semntica que expresa la continuidad que existe entre una parte de un texto y otra,

funcionando como gua para su entendimiento.

LA COHESION GRAMATICAL ES SUBDIVIDIDA EN 5 TIPOS:

1.-REFERENCIAS PERSONALES:Esta categora incluye todos los tems gramaticales que hacen posible la identificacin de lo que

se habla o de quien acta.

SubjectivePersonalPronouns

ObjectivePersonalPronouns

PossesiveAdjectives

PossesivePronouns

ReflexivePronouns

RelativePronouns

I ME MY MINE MYSELF WHOYOU YOU YOUR YOURS YOURSELF WHOMHE HIM HIS HIS HIMSELF WHICH

SHE HER HER HERS HERSELF THAT

IT IT ITS ITS ITSELFYOU YOU YUOR YOURS YOURSELVESWE US OUR OURS OURSELVES

THEY THEM THEIR THEIRS THEMSELVES

Example:

- This is yours.

- The smallest book is mine.

- She is going to visit you.

-The removal of acidic compounds (H2S) and (CO2) use technologies that are based on

absorption systems.

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2. - REFERENCIAS DEMOSTRATIVAS:

Este tipo de recurso cohesivo nos ayuda en la identificacin de una informacin relevante

contextual como tiempo, lugar y proximidad. Aqu se incluyen los Adjetivos demostrativos (this, these,that, those), el Articulo Definido (The) y algunos adverbios (here, then, now, then)

Example:Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide are acids or acid solutions in the presence of water

contained in the gas of these substances.

3. REFERENCIAS COMPARATIVAS:Son muy tiles cuando estamos describiendo algo porque nos ayuda a expresar semejanzas y

diferencias.

IDENTITY SIMILARITY DIFFERENCE PARTICULAR NUMERATIVE

ADDITIONAL

Some, equal,equally, good,identically.

Such,so/ very similar,likewise.

Other, different,differently,otherwise,opposite to.

(More+ adjectiveor adverb)Fewer, less,further.

So/as.More...than,lessthan.

Example:A. This is the same report as the one that we received from him Last week.

B. No, I thinkdifferently. Notice that it contains more information than one. I think that thisreport is different and better in the sense that it includes more concrete data.

- Natural gas is often informally referred to simply as gas, especially when compared to other

energy sources such as oil or coal.

4. SUBSTITUCIN:Consiste en reemplazar un item por otro.

NOMINAL SUBSTITUTION VERBAL SUBSTITUTION-One/ ones.-The same.

Auxiliary (do/does)Modals ( would, cold)

Example:

- I have heard some strange stories from our patients. But this one is perhaps the strangest one.- Read the instructions. Then do the same with the text

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5. - ELLIPSIS:Envuelve la omission de un item.

NOMINAL ELLIPSIS:

Example:Natural gas is found in deep underground natural rock formations or(O) associated

with other hydrocarbon reservoirs.

VERBAL ELLIPSIS:- Natural gas is an excellent and (O) clean fuel.