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7/24/2019 Trabajo Ingles I

1/8

Repblica Bolivariana de Venezuela

Ministerio de Educacin Superior

Colegio Universitario Francisco de Miranda

Ctedra! "ngles # M$%& "

Seccin! "'()*'+

THEHISTORYOFCOMPUTING.

Realizado por:

,edron E& Carlos -&

Velas.uez V& /osel0n C&

Caracas1 Marzo del +'*2

The History o Co!p"ti#$.


2/8

Co3puting is usuall0 de4ined as t5e activit0 o4 using and i3proving

co3puter tec5nolog01 co3puter 5ard6are and so4t6are& "t is t5e co3puter)speci4ic

part o4 in4or3ation tec5nolog0& Co3puter science 7or co3puting science8 is t5e

stud0 and t5e science o4 t5e t5eoretical 4oundations o4 in4or3ation and co3putation

and t5eir i3ple3entation and application in co3puter s0ste3s&

Be4ore *9:;1 a co3puter 6as a person 65o per4or3ed arit53etic

calculations& Bet6een *9:; and *9eu3ann?s

concepts! a device t5at accepts input1 processes data1 stores data1 and produces

output& @e 5ave gone 4ro3 t5e vacuu3 tube to t5e transistor1 to t5e 3icroc5ip&

=5en t5e 3icroc5ip started talAing to t5e 3ode3& >o6 6e ec5ange tet1 sound1

p5otos and 3ovies in a digital environ3ent&

C5arles Babbage invented t5e concept o4 a progra33able co3puter in

about *(;2& "t partl0 depends on 65at 0ou 3ean b0 co3puter1 but t5e earliest

clai3 is t5at C5arles Babbage invented t5e 4irst progra33able co3puter in *(++&

=5e 3ac5ine 6as called a di44erence engine and it 6as intended to generate

3at5e3atical tables& =5is 3ac5ine contained +;1''' parts and 6eig5ed *; tons&

Babbage 4ollo6ed t5is 6it5 a di44erence engine + 65ic51 alt5oug5 6ell 4unded1

6as never co3pleted& Babbage also designed a printer to go along 6it5 t5e

co3puter1 but t5is also 6as never co3pleted& "n *9(9)*99*1 t5e Dondon science

3useu3 3ade a di44erence engine + and printer 4ro3 Babbage?s design& Bot5

6orAed per4ectl0&

onrad use 7*9*')*99;8 6as a construction engineer 4or t5e Gensc5el

-ircra4t Co3pan0 in Berlin1 Her3an0 at t5e beginning o4 @@""& onrad use

earned t5e se3io44icial title o4 inventor o4 t5e 3odern co3puter 4or 5is series o4

auto3atic calculators1 65ic5 5e invented to 5elp 5i3 6it5 5is lengt50 engineering

calculations&

"n *9:91 use co3pleted t5e +1 t5e 4irst 4ull0 4unctioning electro)3ec5anical

co3puter&

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"n *9av0& Hrace Gopper

beco3es its progra33er&

3


4/8

Mai# a#d Se%o#dary Ideas

*& Mai# Idea: Co3puting is usuall0 de4ined as t5e activit0 o4 using and

i3proving co3puter tec5nolog01 co3puter 5ard6are and so4t6are& "t is t5e

co3puter)speci4ic part o4 in4or3ation tec5nolog0&

Se%o#dary Idea: Co3puter science 7or co3puting science8 is t5e stud0 and

t5e science o4 t5e t5eoretical 4oundations o4 in4or3ation and co3putation

and t5eir i3ple3entation and application in co3puter s0ste3s&

+& Mai# Idea:=5e 3odern 3ac5ine de4inition is based on von >eu3ann?s

concepts! a device t5at accepts input1 processes data1 stores data1 and

produces output& @e 5ave gone 4ro3 t5e vacuu3 tube to t5e transistor1 to

t5e 3icroc5ip&

Se%o#dary Idea:Be4ore *9:;1 a co3puter 6as a person 65o per4or3ed

arit53etic calculations& Bet6een *9:; and *9o6 6e ec5ange tet1 sound1 p5otos and 3ovies in a digital

environ3ent&

:& Mai# Idea: C5arles Babbage invented t5e concept o4 a progra33able

co3puter in about *(;2& "t partl0 depends on 65at 0ou 3ean b0 co3puter1

but t5e earliest clai3 is t5at C5arles Babbage invented t5e 4irst

progra33able co3puter in *(++&

Se%o#dary Idea:=5e 3ac5ine 6as called a di44erence engine and it 6as

intended to generate 3at5e3atical tables& =5is 3ac5ine contained +;1'''

parts and 6eig5ed *; tons& Babbage 4ollo6ed t5is 6it5 a di44erence engine

+ 65ic51 alt5oug5 6ell 4unded1 6as never co3pleted& Babbage also

designed a printer to go along 6it5 t5e co3puter1 but t5is also 6as never

co3pleted& "n *9(9)*99*1 t5e Dondon science 3useu3 3ade a di44erence

engine + and rinter 4ro3 Babbage?s design& Bot5 6orAed per4ectl0&

4


5/8


6/8

&"estio#s a#d '#s(ers

). *hat is %o!p"ti#$+

-! Co3puting is usuall0 de4ined as t5e activit0 o4 using and i3proving

co3puter tec5nolog01 co3puter 5ard6are and so4t6are& "t is t5e co3puter)speci4ic

part o4 in4or3ation tec5nolog0&

,. *hat (as the -e$i##i#$ o %o!p"ti#$+

-! Bet6een *9:; and *9eu3ann?s concepts! a

device t5at accepts input1 processes data1 stores data1 and produces output& @e

5ave gone 4ro3 t5e vacuu3 tube to t5e transistor1 to t5e 3icroc5ip&

. *ho i#/e#ted the irst %o!p"ti#$ !a%hi#e+

-! C5arles Babbage invented t5e concept o4 a progra33able co3puter in

about *(;2& "t partl0 depends on 65at 0ou 3ean b0 co3puter1 but t5e earliest

clai3 is t5at C5arles Babbage invented t5e 4irst progra33able co3puter in *(++&

0. *he# (as the -e$i##i#$ o !oder# %o!p"ters+

-! "n *9:91 use co3pleted t5e +1 t5e 4irst 4ull0 4unctioning electro

3ec5anical co3puter&

1. *hat (as the "se o the irst %o!p"ti#$ !a%hi#e+

-! =5e Colossus?s i3pact on t5e develop3ent o4 t5e co3puter industr0 6as

rat5er li3ited 4or t6o i3portant reasons& First1 Colossus 6as not a general)purpose

co3puterI it 6as onl0 designed to decode secret 3essages& Second1 t5e eistence

o4 t5e 3ac5ine 6as Aept secret until decades a4ter t5e 6ar&

2. *hi%h (ere the irst %o!pa#ies i# the %o!p"ter -"si#ess+

-! Garvard)"BM

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7/8

Tra#slatio#

3a Historia de la I#or!4ti%a.

Da in4or3tica es usual3ente de4inida co3o la actividad de usar 0 3eJorar

la tecnologKa in4or3tica1 5ard6are del co3putador 0 so4t6are& Es la parte de la

tecnologKa de la in4or3acin encargada del co3putador& Ciencias de la

co3putacin 7$ ciencias in4or3ticas8 es el estudio 0 la ciencia de los

4unda3entos tericos de in4or3acin 0 co3putacin 0 su i3ple3entacin 0

aplicacin en siste3as co3putarizados&

-ntes de *9:;1 Un co3putador era una persona .ue realizaba clculos

arit3Lticos& Entre *9:; 0 *9eu3ann! Un dispositivo .ue recibe entradas1 procesa datos1 al3acena datos

0 produce salidas& Ge3os pasado de tubos de vacKo al transistor1 al 3icroc5ip&

Duego del 3icroc5ip1 e3peza3os 5ablar del 3ode3& -5ora nosotros

interca3bia3os teto1 sonidos1 4otos 0 pelKculas en un a3biente digital&

En *(;21 C5arles Babbage invento el concepto de una co3putadora

progra3able& En parte depende de lo .ue entiendas por Co3putadora& ,ero la

pri3era procla3a es .ue C5arles Babbage invento la pri3era co3putadora

progra3able en *(++& Da 3.uina 4ue lla3ada una Ma.uina %i4erencial 0 se

pretendKa .ue generara tablas 3ate3ticas& Esta 3.uina contenKa +;''' partes

0 pesaba *; toneladas& Babbage prosigui con Ma.uina %i4erencial + .ue1

aun.ue bien 4inanciado1 nunca se co3plet& Babbage ta3biLn diseo una

i3presora para ir Junto con el co3putador1 pero esta nunca 4ue ter3inada& En

*9(9)*99*1 el Museo de Ciencia de Dondres realizo la Ma.uina %i4erencial + 0 la

"3presora basados en el diseo de Babbage& -3bos 4uncionaron per4ecta3ente&

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8/8

onrad uze 7*9*')*99;81 4ue un "ngeniero de la Construccin para la

Gensc5el -ircra4t Co3pan0 en Berlin1 -le3ania al co3ienzo de la Segunda Huerra

Mundial& onrad uze gano el titulo se3io4icial de "nventor de la co3putadora

3oderna por sus series de calculadoras auto3ticas1 .ue 4ueron inventadas para

a0udarlo con sus etensos clculos de ingenierKa& En *9:91 uze co3pleto la +1

Da pri3era co3putadora electro 3ecnica1 co3pleta3ente 4uncional&

En *9

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