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    S Y R I A

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    S Y R I A

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    3

    Editors

    Alexander Schahbasi, Thomas Schrott, Sebastian Bauer I Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior

    Elvis Culjak, Walter Posch, Jasmina Rupp I Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports

    Martijn Pluim, Albert Kraler, Daria Huss I International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD)

    Cartography

    Andreas Stummvoll I Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports

    Layout

    Martin Angel I Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior

    Cover

    Design: Martin Angel I Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior

    Map: Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com

    Disclaimer

    The content of this publication was researched and edited with utmost care. Liability for the correctness,

    completeness and up-to-dateness of contents cannot be incurred. The Austrian Federal Ministry of the

    Interior, the Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports, the editors and individuals involved in the

    publication do not assume any liability for possible damages or consequences arising from the usage,

    application or dissemination of the contents offered. The responsibility for the correctness of information

    provided by third parties lies with respective publishers and thus excludes liability by the publishers and

    editors of this volume.

    The contents of this publication do not represent positions of the Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior,

    the Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports or the editors. The boundaries on the maps used in this

    publication do not imply ofcial endorsement of acceptance. The publication does not claim completeness

    and is based on the quoted sources.

    Copyright

    This publication and all the data therein are protected by copyright. All rights of utilization are reserved

    to the Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports.

    Reproduction and distribution in any possible way for commercial and non-commercial usage areprohibited without prior written permission by the Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Austrian

    Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports.

    2015 Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior & Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports

    Imprint

    Published by

    Mathias Vogl, Peter Webinger, Wolfgang Taucher I Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior

    Herrengasse 7 I 1014 Vienna I Austria I www.bmi.gv.at I [email protected]

    Walter Feichtinger, Friedrich Teichmann, Wolfgang Wechselberger I Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports

    Rossauer Laende 1 I 1090 Vienna I Austria I www.bundesheer.at I [email protected] I [email protected]

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    4

    Contents

    Forewords...............................................................................................................................................5-6

    Middle East: Topography ..........................................................................................................................7

    Syria: Topography and administrative divisions ........................................................................................8

    Syria: Physiography..................................................................................................................................9

    Damascus: Satellite image map ...............................................................................................................10

    Syria: Control of territory January 2014....................................................................................................11

    Syria: Control of territory January 2015....................................................................................................12

    Syria: Major clashes January 2014 - January 2015.................................................................................13

    Syria: Religious and sectarian groups March 2011..................................................................................14

    Syria: Ethnic and linguistic groups March 2011........................................................................................15

    Kurds in the Middle East ..........................................................................................................................16

    Camps for Syrian refugees 2015..............................................................................................................17Syrian citizens and Syrian-born population 2014.....................................................................................18

    Asylum applications of Syrian citizens 2014.............................................................................................19

    Syrian refugees, asylum seekers and IDPs 2014/15................................................................................20

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    5

    Foreword

    The civil war in Syria is certainly one of the gravest humanitarian crises of

    our times. Having a severe regional impact, refugees eeing from war

    and persecution are also applying for asylum in Europe. Austria has

    responded to this with a resettlement initiative in cooperation with UNHCR

    to grant asylum to the most vulnerable victims of war. On the EU level we

    are working on the Save Lives initiative with our European partners,

    aiming to protect those attempting to enter the EU via the Mediterranean

    Sea or the Western Balkans at the mercy of trafckers.

    While the Country of Origin Information Unit of the Federal Ofce for Immigration and Asylum is monitoring

    the humanitarian situation in Syria closely, cooperation with the Austrian Ministry of Defence and the

    International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) made it possible to enhance the analytical

    framework and visualize the according data in this ATLAS.

    The publication is a further step towards understanding Syria, particularly regarding the ethno-linguistic

    and religious composition of the population predating the beginning of the unrest, the security situation

    as well as refugee ows. Considering the situation in the region and the ongoing ows of refugees, an

    in-depth analysis of the situation on the ground is paramount to maintain the high quality standards of our

    asylum procedures and an informed policy debate.

    Johanna Mikl-Leitner

    Austrian Federal Minister of the Interior

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    6

    6

    Foreword

    Mass migration and waves of refugees are currently one of the biggest

    challenges for security in Europe. From top level international news

    agency reports to everyday discussions in the coffee houses of Vienna,

    the difculties of refugees, especially those of Syria, have dominated all

    other topics.

    Who are these people? Why are they eeing? What is their background?

    Their ethnicities? Religion? Language? Not all of these questions can

    be answered. This atlas, which is a comprehensive product including 14 separate theme maps based

    on excellent interdepartmental cooperation, covers these topics. The explicitly selected combination of

    subject maps helps us to better understand the circumstances of the Syria crisis, the outcome of which

    greatly will inuence our everyday lives in terms of economy, politics and security.

    Knowledge is Power is supposedly a quote by Francis Bacon (1561-1626). This quote still holds true,

    because for every mission or operation conducted a clear understanding of the overall situation in the area

    is necessary. Geo-related information, such as this Atlas, is at the core of every decision-making process at

    both the strategic and the interdisciplinary levels. If we want to succeed in providing security in Europe and

    Austria in particular, we need to comprehend all essential aspects and apply a comprehensive approach.

    This Atlas in combination with other supporting products provides the crucial background information about

    Syria for the decision makers. As a result the best possible decisions can be made.

    In this way, the Atlas is an excellent resource and prime example for interdepartmental cooperation of

    highly competent ofces pertaining to the Ministry of the Interior with two innovative institutes within my

    Ministry, the Institute for Peace Support and Conict Management (IFK) of the National Defence Academy

    (LVAk) and the Institute for Military Geography (IMG) of the HQ, Command and Support Centre (FUZ).

    Gerald Klug

    Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sport

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    M e dite rra n ea n Sea

    B la ck Sea

    RedSea

    Euphrates

    Tigis

    Nil

    e

    Kzlrmak

    Kura

    Van

    Sea of Marmara

    Gulf

    ofA

    qab

    a

    Gu

    lf

    ofS

    uez

    TURKEY

    LEBANON

    IRAQ

    ISRAEL

    WESTBANK

    CYPRUS

    GAZA

    GREECE

    BULGEORGIA

    SYRIA

    ARMENIA

    EGYPT

    R

    SAUDI ARABIA

    JORDAN

    NAGKAR

    SOUTH OSSETIA

    Suez

    Zagazig

    Port Said

    Latakia

    Ga

    Sulaymaniyah

    Karbala

    Batman

    Izmit

    Ismailia

    Tanta

    Ramadi

    Diyarbakr

    Adapazar

    Mansoura

    Al Muqdadiyah

    Malatya

    Kirkuk

    Van

    Gaza

    Bornova

    JERUSALEM

    Ar-Raqqah

    Elazig

    Al Diwaniy

    Mersin

    Kayseri

    Samsun

    Najaf

    Antalya

    Sivas

    Hail

    Zarqa

    anlurfa

    Eskiehir

    Tabuk

    Hillah

    Kahramanmaras

    Erzurum

    Faiyum

    Irbid

    Denizli

    Urmia

    Istanbul

    Gaziantep

    Konya

    Homs

    Adana

    Bursa

    TBILISI

    Shubra El-Kheima

    Erbil

    Izmir T

    YEREVAN

    BAGHDAD

    Hama

    AMMAN

    ANKARA

    Haifa

    BEIRUT

    Alexandria

    DAMASCUS

    Mosul

    Tel Aviv

    Giza

    Aleppo

    CAIRO

    NICOSIA

    30 E 35 E 40 E 45 E

    30 E 35 E 40 E 45 E

    40 N

    35 N

    30 N

    Middle East: Topography

    Source: Collins World Explorer Premium, Natural Earth

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    Sabkhat

    al-Jabbul

    Euphrates

    Ceyha

    n

    Jor

    dan

    Khabur

    Oron

    tes

    M

    e

    d

    i

    t

    e

    r

    r

    a

    n

    e

    a

    n

    S

    e

    a

    Sea of

    Galilee

    Homs

    Al-Quneit ra

    As-Suwayda

    Al-Ha

    Deraa

    Aleppo

    Tartus

    Deir ez-Zor

    Hama

    Ar-Raqqah

    Latakia

    Idlib

    Palmyra(Tadmur)

    Tarsus

    Mersin

    Adana

    Gaziantep anlurfa

    Tripoli

    Sidon

    Tyre

    Haifa

    Nazareth

    Nablus

    Irbid

    Iskenderun

    Antakya

    Ar Rutbah

    Manbij

    Douma

    Mardi

    Salamiyah

    Nizip

    Kirikhan

    Maarrat al-Numaan

    Tulkarm

    Kadirli

    Osmaniye

    Abu Kamal

    Zahl

    Silifke

    Netanya

    Kozan

    An-Nabk

    Al-Bab

    Hadera

    Khan Shaykhun

    KzltepeCeyhan

    Kilis

    As-Saf ira

    Viranehir

    Al-M ayadin

    Baalbek

    Famagusta

    Ayn al-Arab (Kobane)

    DAMASCUS

    BEIRUT

    Tabqa-Dam

    Mt. Hermon

    2814

    WESTBANK

    SYRIA

    LEBANON

    JORDAN

    ISRAEL

    TURKEY

    CYPRUS

    Homs

    Rif Dimashq

    As-SuwaydaDeraa

    Al-Quneit ra

    Deir ez-Zor

    Ar-Raqqah

    Al-Hasaka

    AleppoIdlib

    Hama

    Latakia

    Tartus

    Damascus

    UNDOFUNIFIL

    GolanHeights

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 N

    34 N

    Syria: Topography and administrative di

    Source: Collins World Explorer Premium, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

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    Sabkhat

    al-Jabbul

    Euph

    rates

    Ceyha

    n

    Jor

    dan

    Khabur

    Oron

    tes

    M

    e

    d

    i

    t

    e

    r

    r

    a

    n

    e

    a

    n

    S

    e

    a

    Sea of

    Galilee

    Homs

    Al-Ha

    Aleppo

    Tartus

    Deir ez-Zor

    Hama

    Ar-Raqqah

    Latakia

    Idlib

    Palmyra(Tadmur)

    Tarsus

    Mersin

    Adana

    Gaziantep anlurfa

    Tripoli

    Sidon

    Tyre

    Haifa

    Nazareth

    Nablus

    Irbid

    Iskenderun

    Antakya

    Ar Rutbah

    Manbij

    Mardi

    Salamiyah

    Nizip

    Kirikhan

    Maarrat al-Numaan

    Tulkarm

    Kadirli

    Osmaniye

    Abu Kamal

    Zahl

    Silifke

    Netanya

    Kozan

    An-Nabk

    Al-Bab

    Hadera

    Khan Shaykhun

    KzltepeCeyhan

    Kilis

    Viranehir

    Baalbek

    Famagusta

    Douma

    Al-Quneit ra

    As-SuwaydaDeraa

    As-S afira

    Al-Mayadin

    Ayn al-Arab (Kobane)

    BEIRUT

    DAMASCUS

    J a b a l a l - D r u z e

    S y r i a n D e s

    Anti

    -Leba

    non Mt

    s.

    Leb

    an

    on

    Mts

    .

    Coasta

    lMt

    .

    Ra

    n

    g

    e

    H a u r a nG

    ola

    n

    Gh

    a

    b

    va

    l

    l

    ey

    Jab a l Abu

    Rujma

    yn

    Jaba

    l ar-Ru

    waq

    Jaba

    l Bish

    ri

    J a b a l

    A b d a l - A z i z

    Ta

    u r u s

    - M t s

    .

    Al

    J

    az

    ai

    Harran

    Nu

    r

    M

    ts

    .

    Me

    P a

    l m y

    rid

    Mo

    unt a

    in

    B e

    l t

    Tabqa-Dam

    Mt. Hermon

    2814

    WESTBANK

    SYRIA

    LEBANON

    JORDAN

    ISRAEL

    TURKEY

    CYPRUS

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 N

    34 N

    Syria: Physiography

    Source: NASA Blue Marble Next Generation, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

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    PresidenalPalacePresidenalPalace

    Unknown Soldier MonumentUnknown Soldier Monument

    CitadelCitadelNaonalMuseumNaonalMuseum

    Prime MinistersComplex

    Prime MinistersComplex

    Al-Hejaz-Staon

    Al-Hejaz-Staon

    FaezM

    ansour

    FaezManso

    ur

    HafezAlAssad

    Hafez AlAssad

    AbouB

    akerAsSeddik

    ShoukryAl-Qouwatly

    17thApril

    Beirut

    AlMa

    hdi

    IbnBa

    rakeh

    Adnan

    AlM

    alki

    JawaherLalN

    ahro

    UmayyadSquare

    Tishreen PalaceTishreen Palace

    AlWalid

    IbnAb

    dM

    alek

    UniversityUniversity

    Sit

    aA

    yyar

    ( 6 t h

    May

    )

    Ibn

    AlA

    bb

    as

    Kh

    ale

    dI

    bn

    AlW

    alid

    AlMojtahed

    Ba

    AtTh

    awra

    Sabaa

    Nissan

    (7th Ap

    ril)

    MoaazBenJabal

    DAMASCUSDAMASCUS

    MuhajreenMuhajreen

    MezzehMezzeh

    Al-MidanAl-Midan

    Kafr SousaKafr Sousa

    3618 N3616 N

    3618 N3616 N

    3614 N

    0 500 1000 1500 2000 m

    3332 N

    3330 N

    Airport

    Hospital

    Embassy

    Damascus: Satellite image map

    Source: OpenStreetMap

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    Sabkhat

    al-Jabbul

    Euphrates

    Ceyha

    n

    Jor

    dan

    Khabur

    Oron

    tes

    M

    e

    d

    i

    t

    e

    r

    r

    a

    n

    e

    a

    n

    S

    e

    a

    Sea of

    Galilee

    Homs

    Al-

    Aleppo

    Tartus

    Deir ez-Zor

    Hama

    Ar-Raqqah

    Latakia

    Idlib

    Palmyra (Tadmur)

    Tarsus

    Mersin

    Adana

    Gaziantep anlurfa

    Tripoli

    Sidon

    Tyre

    Haifa

    Nazareth

    Nablus

    Irbid

    Iskenderun

    Antakya

    Ar Rutbah

    Manbij

    Mardi

    Salamiyah

    Nizip

    Kirikhan

    Maarrat al-Numaan

    Tulkarm

    Kadirli

    Osmaniye

    Abu Kamal

    Zahl

    Silifke

    Netanya

    Kozan

    An-Nabk

    Al-B ab

    Hadera

    Khan Shaykhun

    KzltepeCeyhan

    Kilis

    Viranehir

    Baalbek

    Famagusta

    Douma

    Al-Quneit ra

    As-S uwaydaDeraa

    As-Safira

    Al-Mayadin

    Ayn al-Arab (Kobane)

    BEIRUT

    DAMASCUS

    Tabqa-Dam

    Mt. Hermon

    2814

    WESTBANK

    SYRIA

    LEBANON

    JORDAN

    ISRAEL

    TURKEY

    CYPRUS

    UNDOFUNIFIL

    GolanHeights

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 N

    34 N

    Syria: Control of territory January 2014

    Source: ISW - Institute for the study of war, SOHR - Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, CENTCOM - US Central Command, Agathocle de Syracuse - Understanding modern conicts, Pietervanostaey

    Moderate Rebels: Rebels who have been identied as moderate by the U.S.-led coalition and are being supported by the coalition through ongoing airstrikes against ISIS in Syria (e.g.: FSA, Syria Revol

    Mixed Rebels: Rebels who are being perceived as moderate but are also working alongside hardline groups (e.g. Jabhat al-Nusra). In some cases they coexist without interacting and in other cases they

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    Sabkhat

    al-Jabbul

    Euphrates

    Ceyha

    n

    Jor

    dan

    Khabur

    Oron

    tes

    M

    e

    d

    i

    t

    e

    r

    r

    a

    n

    e

    a

    n

    S

    e

    a

    Sea of

    Galilee

    Homs

    Al-H

    Aleppo

    Tartus

    Deir ez-Zor

    Hama

    Ar-Raqqah

    Latakia

    Idlib

    Palmyra (Tadmur)

    Tarsus

    Mersin

    Adana

    Gaziantep anlurfa

    Tripoli

    Sidon

    Tyre

    Haifa

    Nazareth

    Nablus

    Irbid

    Iskenderun

    Antakya

    Ar Rutbah

    Manbij

    Douma

    Mardi

    Salamiyah

    Nizip

    Kirikhan

    Maarrat al-Numaan

    Tulkarm

    Kadirli

    Osmaniye

    Abu Kamal

    Zahl

    Silifke

    Netanya

    Kozan

    An-Nabk

    Al-Bab

    Hadera

    Khan Shaykhun

    KzltepeCeyhan

    Kilis

    Viranehir

    Baalbek

    Famagusta

    Al-Quneit ra

    As-SuwaydaDeraa

    As-Safira

    Al-Mayadin

    Ayn al-Arab (Kobane)

    DAMASCUS

    BEIRUT

    Tabqa-Dam

    Mt. Hermon

    2814

    WESTBANK

    SYRIA

    LEBANON

    JORDAN

    ISRAEL

    TURKEY

    CYPRUS

    UNDOFUNIFIL

    GolanHeights

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 N

    34 N

    Syria: Control of territory January 2015

    Source: ISW - Institute for the study of war, SOHR - Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, CENTCOM - US Central Command, Agathocle de Syracuse - Understanding modern conicts, Pietervanostaey

    Moderate Rebels: Rebels who have been identied as moderate by the U.S.-led coalition and are being supported by the coalition through ongoing airstrikes against ISIS in Syria (e.g.: FSA, Syria Revol

    Mixed Rebels: Rebels who are being perceived as moderate but are also working alongside hardline groups (e.g. Jabhat al-Nusra). In some cases they coexist without interacting and in other cases they

    Low/high refers to the level of territorial control.

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    Homs

    Al-Ha

    Aleppo

    Tartus

    Deir ez-Zor

    Hama

    Ar-Raqqah

    Latakia

    Idlib

    Palmyra(Tadmur)

    Tarsus

    Mersin

    Adana

    Gaziantep anlurfa

    Tripoli

    Sidon

    Tyre

    Haifa

    Nazareth

    Nablus

    Irbid

    Iskenderun

    Antakya

    Ar Rutbah

    Manbij

    Mardi

    Salamiyah

    Nizip

    Kirikhan

    Maarrat al-Numaan

    Tulkarm

    Kadirli

    Osmaniye

    Abu Kamal

    Zahl

    Silifke

    Netanya

    Kozan

    An-Nabk

    Al-Bab

    Hadera

    Khan Shaykhun

    KzltepeCeyhan

    Kilis

    Viranehir

    Baalbek

    Famagusta

    Douma

    Al-Quneit ra

    As-SuwaydaDeraa

    As-S afira

    Al-Mayadin

    Ayn al-Arab (Kobane)

    BEIRUT

    DAMASCUS

    Tabqa-Dam

    Mt. Hermon

    2814

    WESTBANK

    SYRIA

    LEBANON

    JORDAN

    ISRAEL

    TURKEY

    CYPRUS

    UNDOFUNIFIL

    GolanHeights

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 N

    34 N

    Syria: Major clashes January 2014 - January 2015

    Source: ISW - Institute for the study of war, SOHR - Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, CENTCOM - US Central Command

    Major clash: Every military/violent confrontation between armed actors (including airstrikes, artillery re, bombings, suicide vests, Suicide Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Devices [SVBIED] and Vehi

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    Sabkhat

    al-Jabbul

    Euph

    rates

    Ceyha

    n

    Jor

    dan

    Khabur

    Oron

    tes

    M

    e

    d

    i

    t

    e

    r

    r

    a

    n

    e

    a

    n

    S

    e

    a

    Sea of

    Galilee

    Homs

    Al-Ha

    Aleppo

    Tartus

    Deir ez-Zor

    Hama

    Ar-Raqqah

    Latakia

    Idlib

    Palmyra(Tadmur)

    Tarsus

    Mersin

    Adana

    Gaziantep anlurfa

    Tripoli

    Sidon

    Tyre

    Haifa

    Nazareth

    Nablus

    Irbid

    Iskenderun

    Antakya

    Ar Rutbah

    Manbij

    Mardi

    Salamiyah

    Nizip

    Kirikhan

    Maarrat al-Numaan

    Tulkarm

    Kadirli

    Osmaniye

    Abu Kamal

    Zahl

    Silifke

    Netanya

    Kozan

    An-Nabk

    Al-Bab

    Hadera

    Khan Shaykhun

    KzltepeCeyhan

    Kilis

    Viranehir

    Baalbek

    Famagusta

    Douma

    Al-Quneit ra

    As-SuwaydaDeraa

    As-S afira

    Al-Mayadin

    Ayn al-Arab (Kobane)

    BEIRUT

    DAMASCUS

    Tabqa-Dam

    Mt. Hermon

    2814

    WESTBANK

    SYRIA

    LEBANON

    JORDAN

    ISRAEL

    TURKEY

    CYPRUS

    UNDOFUNIFIL

    GolanHeights

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 N

    34 N

    Syria: Religious and sectarian groups Mar

    Source: www.ecoi.net/atlas_syria_sources.pdf

    This map shows only the main areas of settlement of religious and sectarian groups. The Syrian population is very heterogeneous in terms of religious and sectarian afliation, especially in urban centers

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    Sabkhat

    al-Jabbul

    Euph

    rates

    Ceyha

    n

    Jor

    dan

    Khabur

    Oron

    tes

    M

    e

    d

    i

    t

    e

    r

    r

    a

    n

    e

    a

    n

    S

    e

    a

    Sea of

    Galilee

    Homs

    Al-Ha

    Aleppo

    Tartus

    Deir ez-Zor

    Hama

    Ar-Raqqah

    Latakia

    Idlib

    Palmyra(Tadmur)

    Tarsus

    Mersin

    Adana

    Gaziantep anlurfa

    Tripoli

    Sidon

    Tyre

    Haifa

    Nazareth

    Nablus

    Irbid

    Iskenderun

    Antakya

    Ar Rutbah

    Manbij

    Mardi

    Salamiyah

    Nizip

    Kirikhan

    Maarrat al-Numaan

    Tulkarm

    Kadirli

    Osmaniye

    Abu Kamal

    Zahl

    Silifke

    Netanya

    Kozan

    An-Nabk

    Al-Bab

    Hadera

    Khan Shaykhun

    KzltepeCeyhan

    Kilis

    Viranehir

    Baalbek

    Famagusta

    Douma

    Al-Quneit ra

    As-SuwaydaDeraa

    As-S afira

    Al-Mayadin

    Ayn al-Arab (Kobane)

    BEIRUT

    DAMASCUS

    Tabqa-Dam

    Mt. Hermon

    2814

    WESTBANK

    SYRIA

    LEBANON

    JORDAN

    ISRAEL

    TURKEY

    CYPRUS

    UNDOFUNIFIL

    GolanHeights

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 E 38 E 40 E

    36 N

    34 N

    Syria: Ethnic and linguistic groups March 201

    Source: www.ecoi.net/atlas_syria_sources.pdf

    This map shows only the main areas of settlement of ethnic and linguistic groups. The Syrian population is very heterogeneous in terms of ethnic and linguistic afliation, especially in urban centers.

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    M edite rra n ea n Sea

    B la ck Sea

    RedSea

    Euphrates

    Tigis

    Nil

    e

    Kzlr

    mak

    Kura

    Van

    Sea of Marmara

    Gulf

    ofA

    qab

    a

    Gu

    lf

    ofS

    uez

    TURKEY

    LEBANON

    IRAQ

    ISRAEL

    WESTBANK

    CYPRUS

    GAZA

    GREECE

    BULGEORGIA

    SYRIA

    ARMENIA

    EGYPT

    R

    SAUDI ARABIA

    JORDAN

    NAGKAR

    SOUTH OSSETIA

    Suez

    Zagazig

    Port Said

    Latakia

    Ga

    Sulaymaniyah

    Karbala

    Batman

    Izmit

    Ismailia

    Tanta

    Ramadi

    Diyarbakr

    Adapazar

    Mansoura

    Al Muqdadiyah

    Malatya

    Kirkuk

    Van

    Gaza

    Bornova

    JERUSALEM

    Ar-Raqqah

    Elazig

    Al Diwaniy

    Mersin

    Kayseri

    Samsun

    Najaf

    Antalya

    Sivas

    Hail

    Zarqa

    anlurfa

    Eskiehir

    Tabuk

    Hillah

    Kahramanmaras

    Erzurum

    Faiyum

    Irbid

    Denizli

    Urmia

    Istanbul

    Gaziantep

    Konya

    Homs

    Adana

    Bursa

    TBILISI

    Shubra El-Kheima

    Erbil

    Izmir T

    YEREVAN

    BAGHDAD

    Hama

    AMMAN

    ANKARA

    Haifa

    BEIRUT

    Alexandria

    DAMASCUS

    Mosul

    Tel Aviv

    Giza

    Aleppo

    CAIRO

    NICOSIA

    30 E 35 E 40 E 45 E

    30 E 35 E 40 E 45 E

    40 N

    35 N

    30 N

    Kurds in the Middle East

    Source: Tbinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients (1990), www.ecoi.net/atlas_syria_sources.pdf

    This map shows only the main areas of settlement of Kurds in the Middle East.

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    Medite

    rrane

    an

    S

    ea Euphra

    tes

    T

    Van

    TURKEY

    LEBANON

    IRAQ

    ISRAEL

    WEST

    BANK

    CYPRUS

    GAZA

    SYRIA

    SAUDI ARABIA

    JORDAN

    Latakia

    Batman

    Ramadi

    Diyarbakr

    Malatya

    Van

    Gaza

    JERUSALEM

    Ar-Raqqah

    Elazig

    Mersin

    Kayseri

    Zarqa

    anlurfa

    Kahramanmaras

    Irbid

    Gaziantep

    Homs

    Adana

    Hama

    AMMAN

    Haifa

    BEIRUT

    DAMASCUS

    Mosul

    Tel Aviv

    Aleppo

    34 E 36 E 38 E 40 E 42 E

    36 E34 E 38 E 40 E 42 E

    36 N

    38 N

    34 N

    32 N

    Islahiye Harran

    Nizip

    Ceylanpinar

    Domiz

    Merkez

    Suru

    Marjeeb al-FahoodAl-Azraq

    Altinz

    Cevdetiye

    ncpinar Dara

    Saram

    Derik

    Akakale

    Cyber City

    Qushta

    MerkezMidyat

    Viranehir

    Karkam

    King Abdullah Park

    Zaatari

    Apaydin

    Al-Obaidi

    GawilanElbeyli Beiriye

    Beyda

    Yaylada

    Camps for Syrian refugees 2015

    Source: Refugee camps in Iraq and Jordan: http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php (latest updates: Iraq: 31 March 2015, Jordan: 08 April 2015). King Abdullah Park Refugee Camp and Cyber C

    population is based on estimates of aid workers in April 2015. Refugee camps in Turkey: https://www.afad.gov.tr/TR/IcerikDetay1.aspx?ID=16&IcerikID=848 (latest update: 13 April 2015).

    This map only depicts ofcial camps for Syrian refugees and does not make reference to informal tent camps set up by refugees without shelter.

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    Romania

    United Kingdom

    Tunisia

    Belgium

    Norway

    Kosovo

    Czech Rep.

    Netherlands

    LIE

    Slovenia

    Rus

    AND

    Albania

    Macedonia

    Slovakia

    Sweden

    Moldova

    Austria

    Estonia

    VAT

    Serbia

    Finland

    MCO

    SMR

    Portugal

    Ukraine

    Italy

    Ireland

    Morocco

    Spain

    Latvia

    HungaryFrance Switzerland

    LUX

    Algeria

    Croatia

    Belarus

    Greece

    Montenegro

    LithuaniaDenmark

    Bosnia andHerzegovina

    Malta

    Bulgaria

    Poland

    Germany

    M e d i te

    r

    ra n e a n

    S e a

    B l a c k

    A

    t

    l

    a

    n

    t

    i

    c

    O

    c

    e

    a

    n

    10 W20 W 0 10 E 20 E 30 E 40 E

    36 E 30 E20 E10 E

    60N

    50N

    40N

    60N

    0 200 400 600 1000 km800

    1 526 3 090

    20 511 41 748

    4 352 5 812

    7 000 11 000

    1 367 9 498

    52 510 No data

    4 760 8 274

    4 166 5 219

    4 268 5 1963 588 2 435

    3 201 5 957

    4 414 5 957

    Syrian citizens and Syrian-born populati

    Source: EUROSTAT (latest update: 17 April 2015), Statistics Austria, and the UK Ofce for National Statistics (data available only for 2013). Map includes EU 28 as well as Switzerland and Norway. No

    Luxembourg, Malta, and Poland. In the cases of Germany, Ireland, and Portugal data was available on Syrian citizens but not on the Syrian-born population.

    The map only includes the top 10 countries in the categories Syrien citizens and Syrian-born population.

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    Romania

    United Kingdom

    Tunisia

    Belgium

    Norway

    Kosovo

    Czech Rep.

    Netherlands

    LIE

    Slovenia

    Rus

    AND

    Albania

    Macedonia

    Slovakia

    Sweden

    Moldova

    Austria

    Estonia

    VAT

    Serbia

    Finland

    MCO

    SMR

    Portugal

    Ukraine

    Italy

    Ireland

    Morocco

    Spain

    Latvia

    HungaryFrance Switzerland

    LUX

    Algeria

    Croatia

    Belarus

    Greece

    Montenegro

    LithuaniaDenmark

    Bosnia andHerzegovina

    Malta

    Bulgaria

    Poland

    Germany

    M e d i te

    r

    ra n e a n

    S e a

    B l a c k

    A

    t

    l

    a

    n

    t

    i

    c

    O

    c

    e

    a

    n

    10 W20 W 0 10 E 20 E 30 E 40 E

    36 E 30 E20 E10 E

    60N

    50N

    40N

    60N

    0 200 400 600 1000 km800

    30 750

    41 100

    8 790

    7 210

    6 855

    6 245

    3 8202 845

    2 705

    2 410

    2 085

    1 510

    9

    785

    615

    505

    305

    150

    115

    110

    7 730

    Asylum applications of Syrian citizens 20

    Source: EUROSTAT (latest update: 01 April 2015).

    Data includes asylum and new asylum applicants by citizenship; only included if > 100

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    M edite r ra n ea n Sea

    B la ck Sea

    RedSea

    Euphrates

    Tigis

    Nil

    e

    Kzlrmak

    Kura

    Van

    Sea of Marmara

    Gulf

    ofA

    qab

    aGu

    lf

    ofS

    uez

    ISRAEL

    WESTBANK

    CYPRUS

    GAZA

    GREECE

    BULGEORGIA

    ARMENIA

    R

    SAUDI ARABIA

    NAGKAR

    SOUTH OSSETIA

    Suez

    Zagazig

    Port Said

    Latakia

    Ga

    Sulaymaniyah

    Karbala

    Batman

    Izmit

    Ismailia

    Tanta

    Ramadi

    Diyarbakr

    Adapazar

    Mansoura

    Al Muqdadiyah

    Malatya

    Kirkuk

    Van

    Gaza

    Bornova

    JERUSALEM

    Ar-Raqqah

    Elazig

    Al Diwaniy

    Mersin

    Kayseri

    Samsun

    Najaf

    Antalya

    Sivas

    Hail

    Zarqa

    anlurfa

    Eskiehir

    Tabuk

    Hillah

    Kahramanmaras

    Erzurum

    Faiyum

    Irbid

    Denizli

    Urmia

    Istanbul

    Gaziantep

    Konya

    Homs

    Adana

    Bursa

    TBILISI

    Shubra El-Kheima

    Erbil

    Izmir T

    YEREVAN

    BAGHDAD

    Hama

    AMMAN

    ANKARA

    Haifa

    BEIRUT

    Alexandria

    DAMASCUS

    Mosul

    Tel Aviv

    Giza

    Aleppo

    CAIRO

    NICOSIA

    30 E 35 E 40 E 45 E

    30 E 35 E 40 E 45 E

    40 N

    35 N

    30 N

    1 758 092

    TURKEY

    LEBANON

    IRAQ

    SYRIA

    EGYPT

    JORDAN

    7 600 000

    1 196 560

    628 427

    133 862

    247 861

    Syrian refugees, asylum seekers and IDP

    Source: Syrian Population of UNHCR Concern: http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php (latest updates: Egypt: 14 April 2015, Iraq: 31 March 2015, Jordan: 08 April 2015, Lebanon: 10 April 2015

    Persons of Concern to UNHCR include refugees, asylum seekers, stateless persons, as well as returnees. Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs): http://www.internal-displacement.org/middle-east-and-nort

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    www.bmi.gv.at

    www.bundesheer.at

    ISBN 978-3-9503643-4-7