seminar presentation tarina rev

8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev

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Monitoring Flood Disaster

Case Study : Jakarta, Indonesia

Tarina Amanawari Budiyanto


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What is flood?

Flood is the state of water level when it exceeds the uppermost level

of receiving capacity of the water runway in the land surface aerial

flow or drainage system (Ongkosongo, 2005)

Flood (Inundation) is an overflowing of water on an area normally dry(Websters New World Dictionary 1991)

Flood is a great flow of water; A body of water rising and

overflowing the land (The New Grolier Webster International Dictionary, 1974)

Floods are associated with extremes in rainfall (from tropical storms,

thunderstorms, rainfall, widespread extratropical cyclones, etc.)

(Trenberth, 2005)

Flood is a overflow or inundation that comes from a river or other body of

water and causes or threatens damage (U.S Geolocial Survey, 2011)


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Flood is inundation terrain that caused by the increasing of

water volume, due to high rainfall, drainage overflow,

overload dam, etc.

What is flood?


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Four kinds of Urban Flooding (Elisabeth, 2010)

Pluvial flooding

Occur as results of rainfall-generated over land flow ponding on the

Urban surface because it overwhelms urban underground drainage systems

and surface watercourses by its high intensity

Coastal flooding

caused by high sea water levels and waves overtopping protection

structure

Fluvial flooding

A result of overflowing of river banks

Combination

Caused by the combination of three kinds of flooding

What is flood?


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Jakarta

Traffic jam

Flood Slum area Waste


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Low elevation

40 % (24.000 Ha) has

lower

land e

levation than

the ocean tide

Passed 13 river streams

with Java sea as the

estuary

City with the highestpopulation in Indonesia

Java Sea

90,33 % of DKI Jakarta is

built area

Jakarta is divided into 5

regions: North Jakarta,South Jakarta, East

Jakarta, West Jakarta, and

Central Jakarta

Jakarta

Green space

Water stream

Main road


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Water Flow Jakarta and Its Vicinity


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Upstream area condition (Puncak, Bogor County)


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Land use changes in Puncak

1992 2001


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Watershed area condition (Cisadane, Banten County)


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R

eservoir area condition(Pluit, Jakarta)


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River condition (Ciliwung, Jakarta)


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History of Flood In Jakarta

Dutch Colonization

The first

time of big

flooding

West Flood

Canal was built

by Dutch

Colony


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Th

ese four decade

61

flood

locations

90

flood

locations

159

flood

locations

78

flood

locations

68

flood

locations

In the beginning of year 2012 Jakarta will get a big flood disaster(Purwo, 2010 [in Why Does Jakarta Often Flood?])

History of Flood In Jakarta


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In 2050, about 25 % of DKI Jakarta with the width 160 km2 will disappear

(Soesilo, 2008 [in West Flood Canal])

Year 1925

Year 1950

Year 1975

The condition of seawater surface (above land level)

51,19 cm

65,56 cm

79,94 cm

Increase 14,37 cm

Increase 14,38 cm

In 2050 is predicted to be 1,23 m


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ResearchQuestion

How is the pattern of flood disaster in 1979, 1992, 1999, 2002, and 2007?

What are the main factors that causes flood disaster in Jakarta?


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Literature Review

The points that related to flood in Jakarta:

The percentage of built area

Size of the urban places, physical characteristics of the flood plains, stream,

and drainage area, and the types of urban land use occupying the flood plain

(White, Gilbert F. , 1961)

Decreasing land surface

One of the cause of flood in Jakarta is the decreasing ofland surface that

caused by human exploitation in groundwater (Kompas, 2011)

Decreasing size ofland surface in Jakarta is 1-16 cm / year, that is the bad

news for the future of Jakarta (Habidin, 2011[in Kompas])


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Climate Change and Drainage System

Hidrology disaster in Jakarta (Kompas, 2011)1. Damage on watershed

2. Land surface degradation that caused by exploitation of ground water by

human

3. The increasing of surface seawater due to climate change

Climate change predictions increase concern over urban flood risk incities around the world (Wilby, 2007)

Urban flooding can be rapid-onset, often coming from flash floods in

urban rivers or from saturation or blockage of urban drainage systems(McCluskey, 2001)


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Hypothesis

Land use changes and puddle

from the ocean tide

are the main causes of floods in Jakarta


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Tree of Ideas


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References


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Thank You

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