reseach presentation
TRANSCRIPT
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What does “RESEARCH MEAN” ???
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• Derived from the prefix re which means repeat or redo, and to find or look for something which had been in existence before.
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Other definition of RESEARCH
• A systematic investigation of some phenomena or series of phenomena by experimental method
• It is a systematic process of collecting and logically analyzing information or data for some purpose
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• A systematic attempt to provide answers to unanswered questions
• The process of gathering data information to solve a particular or specific problem in a scientific manner
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PURPO
SE
OF
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• To discover new facts about known phenomena and verify existing knowledge
• To find answers to problems which are only partially solved by existing methods and information
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GOALS
OF
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• To enhance and improve life
• To find the answers to certain questions through the application scientific procedures
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•Does a researcher needs to have objectives in his/
her research?
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YES.
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• Research is as an organized approach including enunciating the problem, forming a hypothesis, gathering data, analyzing the facts and reaching certain conclusions, either in the form of solution for the concerned problem or in certain generalizations for some theoretical formulation.
• Research objectives are actually a specification of the final reason behind undertaking research in the first place. They aid in creating a specific list of information needs. Only when the investigator understands the problem that management desires to deal with can the investigation project be designed to give the relevant information..dpuf
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CHARA
CTER
ISTIC
S OF
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RESEARCH WORK• R – ESOLUTE: A research work must be
marked by courage and firm determination on the part of the researcher to adequately complete his/ her work
• E - SSENTIAL: It must be significant not only to the researcher, but also, and more importantly to the readers of his/ her work.
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• S - TATISTICALLY SOUND: It must present numerical data that are correct
• E – MPIRICAL: It must be based on the researcher’s experiences, whether direct ot vicarious ( experienced by someone, watched, heard)
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• A – CCURATE: It must be devoid ( being without) of errors in grammar, mechanics, facts, organization, and the likes
• R – ESULT- ORIENTED: It must produce the desired effects which the researcher initially has in mind prior to the conduct of research
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• C – RITICAL: It must be a product of good judgment and critical thinking
• H – YPOTHESIS- BASED: It must be on a scientific (hypothesis) guess which is stated either positively ( alternative hypothesis) or negatively ( null hypothesis)
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• W – ELL- DONE: It must not be hapharzardly
( aimless)or hastily ( hurriedly) done
• O – BJECTIVE: It must be devoid of biases (unreasoned judgment), prejudices (favoritism) , and subjectiveness
( personalize/ based on opinions than facts)
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• R – ESTRICTED: It must be limited in scope
• K – NOWLEDGE- LADEN: It must be loaded with information that the readers need
• S – YSTEMATIC: It must done presented in an orderly manner
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Other Characteristics
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• C – OMPREHENSIVE: The researcher must be serious about understanding a phenomenon and has to analyzed all aspects before making a generalization or conclusion
• R – IGOROUS: Procedures to be followed in solving a problem must be relevant, appropriate, justified, and strictly observed
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• V – ALID: The formulation of conclusions must be based on actual findings
• V- ERIFIABLE: Researcher can check the correctness of its results be replicating the study based on the methods and procedures employed by the researcher
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STEP
S IN D
OING
A
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• Selecting a subject
• Determination of the problem
• Formulation of a hypothesis
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• Doing a library research
• Designing a research
• Making an initial plan
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• Completing the plan and writing the first draft
• Preparation of an instrument for collecting data
• Collection of data
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• Analysis of data
• Determination of implications and drawing of conclusions based on findings
• Revising the rough draft and preparing the final copy
• Writing of recommendations for future research
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TYPE
S OF
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• Descriptive Research
- This type of research endeavors to describe systematically, factually, accurately, and objectively a situation, problem or phenomenon. It seeks to describe “ WHAT IS” .
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• Correlational/ Associational Research
- In this type of research, the investigator tries to probe the significance of relationship between two or more factors or characteristics.
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• Explanatory Research
- The researcher seeks to clarify how and why a relationship exists between two or more aspects of a situation or phenomenon.
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• Exploratory Research
- This is undertaken when the investigator is after probing or exploring areas where little is known about the research problem.
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• Experimental Research
- The researcher probes into the cause and effect by exposing one or more experimental groups to one or more treatments or conditions.
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• Comparative Research
- The investigator delves on analyzing the possible effect of a factor which cannot be manipulated and controlled.
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PARTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER
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What is a research paper?
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• A research paper is a conventional full- dress report.
• is an expanded essay that presents your own interpretation or evaluation or argument.
• is more than the sum of your sources, more than a collection of different pieces of information about a topic, and more than a review of the literature in the field.
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• PREFATORY PAGES
• Title Page• Table of Contents• Acknowledgement• Abstract
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REPORT PROPER
• CHAPETER 1: INTRODUCTION
- Introduction- Background of the Study- Objectives- Significance of the Study- Scope and Limitations
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CHAPETER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
- Review of Related Literature- Conceptual framework- Hypothesis- Definition of Terms
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CHAPETER 3: METHODOLOGY
- Experimental Design- Materials and Procedures- Respondents- Sampling
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CHAPETER 4: RESULTS AND FINDING
CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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Science
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WHAT IS SCIENCE
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT?
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IS SIP SIMILAR TO RESEARCH?