puente s 1651651
TRANSCRIPT
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Submitted to-: CBSE
Supervised By-:
Mr.Nimish Kr. Gupta
2011
Submitted by-:
Ashutosh Maheshwari
Roll no.-7
XI-A1
BASCULE BRIDGE
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Bascule BridgeBascule Bridge sometimes referred to as a drawbridge is
a moveable bridge with a counterweight that continuously
balances the span, or "leaf" throughout the entire upward swing in
providing clearance for boat traffic..
Bascule is a French term forseesaw and balance, and bascule
bridges operate along the same principle. They are the mostcommon type of movable bridge in existence because they open
quickly and require relatively little energy to operate.
Bascule bridges may be single or double leaf. Both have
any truss structure and counterweights below the deck.
Design :
Pulley: A pulley is a wheel on an axle that is designed to support
movement of a cable or belt along its circumference. Pulleys are
used in a variety of ways to lift loads, apply forces, and to transmit
power.
The drive element of a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or
chain that runs over the pulley inside the groove.
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Counterweight : A counterweight is an equivalent
counterbalancing weight that balances a load.
Like in some balanced arm lamp work with a counterweight to
keep the arm and lamp in the desired position.A counterweight is
also used in many rotating systems to reduce vibrations due to
imbalances in the rotating assembly. A typical example is
counterweights on crankshaft in piston engines.
In Bascule Bridge Counterweights may be located above the
bridge or below the deck of the bridge. There are two common
designs of bascule bridge. One is the fixed-trunnion bascule
design, which is where the bridge rotates around a
large axle called a trunnion to raise. This bridge type is
sometimes called the 'Chicago bascule' as this type was
developed and perfected there and is used for many of that city's
river crossings. Joseph Strauss was a key person who worked on
improving the trunnion bascule bridge. Another form of bascule
bridge is the Scherzer rolling lift bridge, also known as a Rolling
Bascule Bridge. The city of Joliet, Illinois has a number of this
structure type. The Scherzer rolling lift bridge essentially rolls or
rocks like a simple rocking chair on a track to raise.
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Application
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge across the Thames in London , UK is a famous
bascule bridge. Originally, Tower Bridge was a hydraulically
operated bridge, using steam power from coal-burning boilers to
pump river water into six hydraulic accumulators so that power
was readily available when required. The water for the boilers was
provided by a well. The hydraulic accumulators powered the
bascule engines, which raised and lowered the bascules. Today,
the bascule mechanism is driven by oil and electricity rather than
by water and steam
Water Turbine: Awater turbine is a rotatry engine that
takes energy from moving water.
They are mostly used forelectric power generation. They harness
a clean and renewable energy source.
Flowing water is directed on to the blades of a turbine runner,
creating a force on the blades. Since the runner is spinning, the
force acts through a distance (force acting through a distance is
the definition ofwork). In this way, energy is transferred from the
water flow to the turbine
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Impulse turbines
Impulse turbines change the velocity of a water jet. The jet
pushes on the turbine's curved blades which changes thedirection of the flow. The resulting change in momentum (impulse)causes a force on the turbine blades. Since the turbine isspinning, the force acts through a distance (work) and thediverted water flow is left with diminished energy.
Turbine selection is based mostly on the available water head,and less so on the available flow rate. In general, impulse turbinesare used for high head sites, and reaction turbines are used for
low headsitesThe runaway speed of a water turbine is its speed at full flow,and no shaft load. The turbine will be designed to survive themechanical forces of this speed. The manufacturer will supply therunaway speed rating.
Turbines are designed to run for decades with very littlemaintenance of the main elements; overhaul intervals are on theorder of several years. Maintenance of the runners and parts
exposed to water include removal, inspection, and repair of wornparts.
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Combination Of These Concepts
In our project we combined the previously discussed concepts.We combine d the concept of impulse water turbine with thebascule bridge to increase the efficiency of the bridge. It made theconcept energy efficient and power saving. By connecting thelifting cables with the turbine rod with the help of a pulley theprocess became smooth and efficient .
Working of the con cept model
We made the base model of the bridge and then we connectedthe threads with the opening end of the flaps or the leaf and rolledit over a pulley n attached the other end to the turbine rod with anadhesive. So whenever the rod rolls with the moving turbine thethread gets rolled on the rod which cause a force on the thread topull the leaf off. W made the turbines for both the sides. Weplaced coat button which acts like a stopper in the cable in thethread button so to fix the max angle of lifting the leaf or the flap.
The water turbine was made up of a cork with plastic blades. Thecork was in the middle of the rod n the holder. So when we pourthe water with a very high pressure on the blades the cork rotates
With a very high speed and the bridge leafs lifts up which makesthe passage for the waterways.
After that , when we pour the water on the opposite sides of theblades the bridge leafs or flaps gets down to its original position
an make the way for roadways.
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Advantages of this concept
For the very first reason it is energy efficient , it save a large
amount of electricity. Water turbines are generally considered aclean power producer, as the turbine causes essentially nochange to the water. They use a renewable energy source andare designed to operate for decades.
Source-Wikipedia
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