packaging inteligente nuevos retos y nuevas oportunidades

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Packaging intelligente: nuevosretos y nuevas funcionalidades

Noveno Congreso de las Artes GráficasValencia, 28 de octubre de 2009

Elina Rusko

VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND

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Agenda• What is VTT

• Presentation of organization, key figures, location etc.

• Introduction – packaging trends and challenges• Overview of smart packaging

• Definitions• Codes & RFID

• Example projects on functional printing• Conclusions

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VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

VTT ISthe biggest multitechnological applied research organisation in Northern Europe

VTT HASpolytechnic R&D covering different fields of technology from electronics to building technologyclients and partners: industrial and business enterprises, organisations, universities and research institutes

VTT CREATESnew technology and science-based innovations in co-operation with domestic and foreign partners

Turnover 245 M€

Personnel 2,700

77% with higher academic degree

6,200 customers

Established 1942

VTT has been granted ISO9001:2000 certificate.

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VTT on map

SiliconValley,

USA

Saint Petersburg,

Russia Brussels, Belgium

• •• •

•

Tampere

Oulu

Jyväskylä

Espoo

Lappeenranta

••Turku Rajamäki

• Raahe• Kajaani

Kuopio•

Shanghai, China

Seoul, South Korea

Tokyo, Japan

Finland

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Research and Innovation

Council

UniversitiesUniversities

Ministry of Education

Ministry of Education

Ministry of Employment and

the Economy

Ministry of Employment and

the EconomyOther ministries and research institutes

Other ministries and research institutes

Parliament of FinlandParliament of Finland

Council of StateCouncil of State

Tekes, the Finnish Funding Agency for

Technology and Innovation

VTT

Academy ofFinland

TE-CentresTE-Centres

Public decision makers, financiers and R&D performers

Sitra, the Finnish Innovation Fund

FinnveraFinpro

Finnish Industry Investment Ltd

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VTT’s research projects

1Commercial activities

2Joint projects

3Self-financed research

Commercial activities are performed according to direct demand from customers.

Joint projects are initiated on the basis of need and typically jointly funded by VTT, companies, research financers (*) and/or other research parties.

Self-financed research consists of technology-based strategic research projects aimed at developing competitiveness and acquiring knowledge and expertise to meet the future needs of customers.

(*) R&D funding possibilities for example• Tekes (The Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation)• EU projects

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Research and development

VTT KNOWLEDGE CLUSTERS

BIOTECHNOLOGY

ENERGY AND PULP & PAPER

ICT

MATERIALS AND BUILDING

MICROTECHNOLOGIES AND SENSORS

INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS

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FUNCTIONAL FIBRE PRODUCTS -center

Focal competences• Web forming and control• Modeling and simulation of pulp & paper processes• Functional properties of paper and cardboard• Printing and control of printing surfaces• Digital printing• Innovative, intelligent printed products• Functional packages• New product concepts and solutions

VTT offers• unique research infrastructure based on innovations• strong research, measurement and modeling know-how • practical solutions based on innovative methods

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Digital Printing Research 1995-2009 at VTT

1995 1998 2001 2004 2007

MANUFACTURING:

PUBLICATION:

Dynamic Interactions and ImageQuality in Ink Jet Printing

(EPP-Programme)

Dynamic Interactions and ImageQuality in Ink Jet Printing

(EPP-Programme)

Quality PotentialOf Digital Photo

Printing

Quality PotentialOf Digital Photo

Printing

Home PrintingFrom Network

Home PrintingFrom Network

InnovativeDevelopment of

Ink Jet (NI)

InnovativeDevelopment of

Ink Jet (NI)

MicroscaleDynamics in

Ink Jet Printing

MicroscaleDynamics in

Ink Jet Printing

PublicationsApplications ofHigh Speed IJ

PublicationsApplications ofHigh Speed IJ

IntegratingPrinted and

Electronic MediaPrint Access

IntegratingPrinted and

Electronic MediaPrint Access

Print InteractPrint Interact

Business fromFunctional

Printing

Business fromFunctional

Printing

Functional Inks inInkjet Printing

Functional Inks inInkjet Printing

ICTApplications

ICTApplications

Printable OpticsAnd Electronics

PRINTO

Printable OpticsAnd Electronics

PRINTO Manufacturing Based on InkjetManufacturing Based on Inkjet

Surface ProximityAssay

Surface ProximityAssay

PrintableQuality Indicators

PrintableQuality Indicators

PACKAGING: Printing ofVariable

InformationOn Packages

Printing ofVariable

InformationOn Packages

Sustainpack(EU IP)

Sustainpack(EU IP)

On Demand Package PrintingOn Demand Package Printing

Communication in Consumer PackageCommunication in Consumer Package Messenger PackageMessenger Package

PrintelligencePrintelligence

2010

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New industry from printed intelligence

Additional information: Harri Kopola, Research Professor

By combining IT, electronics and printing technologies, VTT is creating entirely new business opportunities based on printed smart products. In collaboration with a number of companies, VTT is using the roll-to-roll technology to develop innovative, printed smart products. In the future we may well find ourselves using products such as functional wallpaper that can identify mildew, or a smart floor that functions as a user interface for dementia patients, or even food products that indicate their own freshness.VTT’s new Centre for Printed Intelligence seeks to break new ground in the area between the traditional ICT industry and the paper industry. Product groups already under development include multi-technological smart products and bio-active paper, as well as ICT and electronics products.

Of particular note among the multi-technological smart products under development are organic, flexible solar cells, simple displays, and disposable sensors for applications such as home diagnostics and smart packaging.

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Multidimensional Character of Packaging

Functions of Packaging• Protect the product & protect

environment from the product.• Maintain the functional properties of

the product.• Improve hygiene & user safety.• Make efficient production and

distribution possible.• Minimize product losses.• Provide information.• Promote the product and the brand.• Enhance sales appeal at retail.• Improve consumer convenience.

SupplyChain

SupplyChain

SafetySafety

ConvenienceConvenience

Marketing & Branding

Marketing & Branding

InformationInformation

ProductPreservation

ProductPreservation

PACKAGINGPACKAGING

2 Trends and Challenges in Packaging


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The three characteristics of a package as a successful MESSENGER

• INFORMATIVE

• PRACTICAL

• AESTHETIC

• packaging is the messenger of product information, marketing messages, safety information and messages for logistics needs.

• good functioning, proximity to end user• favourable, fast, and friendly to environment.

• the design of packages sends many messages(graphics, colours, shape etc.)

• desirable for consumers with aesthetics created in a way that does not hinder the information.


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Challenges in Package Communication

• The messenger role of packaging has continual big challengessuch as:

• THE AMOUNT AND QUALITY OF MESSAGESSmall space vs. a lot of information

• COMPETITION OF CONSUMERS How to stand up in stores? Increasing marketing importance.

• AUTHENTICATION AND ANTI-TAMPER MESSAGESHow to authenticate products?

• INTERACTION WITH INFORMATION NETWORKS



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Smart Packaging• Terms smart, intelligent, communicative, interactive, functional are

used when talking about smart packaging.• There doesn’t appear to be a consensus on the definition what

makes a smart packaging• The traditional tasks of packaging such as protecting the and

sealing in the product can be called as passive packaging features. Smart packaging means something more.

• A few definitions for smart packaging: ”It is the chemical, biological, mechanical, electrical, and electronic technologies that make a package interact in some way””Extend the functions of packaging beyond traditional””Perform actions”

3 Overview of Smart Packaging

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Categorization of Functional Packages into Active and Intelligent Packages


Active & IntelligentPackaging

ActivePackaging

IntelligentPackaging

Indicators (moisture, gas, freshness etc.)

Scavengers, Emitters,Moisture regulators, Odour absorbers etc.

Codes & RFID tags


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Codes & Tags

• Bar codes, 2D codes and RFID tags work as databases where the information can be read by readingdevice

• Large information capacity and faultlessness are the benefits of two dimensional barcodes

• Information is coded both in vertical and horizontal directionand therefore these codes canhold considerable moreinformation than traditional linearbarcodes.


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The Evolution of Package Information for Identification


Source: Lammers, W. RFID in Logistics, IAPRI 2004


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RFID• Radio Frequency Identification is contactless method for data

transfer in object identification• RFID technology uses tags that can be incorporated into products,

containers, pallets, etc. to monitor real time information and transmitted to user’s computer system.

• Tag is a device or label which consists of a silicon chip and antenna.

• RFID tags are used in packages e.g. for supply chainmanagement, identification, tracking and inventory, monitoringconditions, anti-counterfeiting reasons etc.


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RFID• Basic modules of RFID technology:

• Transponder (tag with chip and antenna/coil)• Writer/reader• Computer application

• Power supply• Active (internal battery)• Passive

• The technology is ready to satisfy an actual requirement.• RFID tag price depends largely on the production method and

number of tags produced.



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RFID• Traditionally:

• Embedded copper wire substrates• Copper etching techniques

• Substractive process of etching into a copper layer• The copper surrounding the antenna structure will be

etched away• Printing technology:

• Printing with conductive silver inks (screen, flexo and inkjet)• Additive process• Consumes fewer raw materials and reduces waste• Printing is a well-tried industrial process


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Printed RFID• Printed RFID tags are anticipated to require less

capital expense and shorter production cycles.Also printed RFID technology is expected to be used in a broader range of applications.

• However, much work still needs to be done. Creating printed RFID that can maintain robust performance under different conditions is difficult. Since the demands in certain high-value end-use sectors, such as retail packaging, can be unforgiving this is very significant.

• Moreover, production techniques are not ready and cost concerns exist. The absence of standards in the printed electronics industry is also discouraging for potential users.


Source: IntertechPira, Printed RFID 2009


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Printed RFID

Source: Keck, A., "Printed RFID on paper", PTS


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Printed RFID• The paper based RFIDs showed a good functionality, even better

than that of the PE based samples• The paper substrate should have low electrical surface- and

forward resistance• Rougher papers showed better results than smooth papers• Due to the high ink layer thickness required for a low antenna

resistance, no significant influence of the different paper properties could be found

Source: Keck, A., "Printed RFID on paper", PTS



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Projects at VTT4 Projects

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Research example: SustainPackInnovation and Sustainable Development in the Fibre

Based Packaging Value Chain• Utilisation of 2D barcodes in

information transfer and anti-counterfeiting of consumer packages.

• Software for reading recipes from 2D bar codes was implemented.

• Development of opticallydetectable indicators for food packages.

• Inkjet printed oxygen indicator wasdeveloped.

4 Projects


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Research example: SustainPackPrintable RH indicators for fibre based packages

EU Sustainpack -project:

Innovation and Sustainable Development in the FibreBased Packaging Value Chain

Examples of the indicator performance at different humidities

RH 24.7% RH 51.4% RH 79.6%0 h 0 h 0 h

3.5 h 3.5 h 4 h

20 h 20 h 20 h

7 d 7 d 7 d

4 Projects

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Research example:A game demo on paper substrates

• A concept for an all inkjet printed active element on paper was demonstrated.

• Four different ink types were needed: conductive, dielectric, thermochromicand CMYK inks.

• Inks were printed with pietzo-electric printheads.

• Two paper substrates were used: photographic and LWC (65 g/m2).

4 Projects

Source: Hakola & al. Inkjet printed active element on paper based on conductive and thermochromic materials. DF 2007.


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Research example: a game demoSubtrates in printed electronics

• Plastic films (PET, PI) have conventionally been the flexible substrate materials of choice (uniformity of their surface properties and their non-porous nature).

• Using flexible fiber-based substrates introduces a new set of challenges for printed electronics. Papers are far more heterogeneous than polymer films. The porous structure can absorb the functional component.

• However, when these challenges have been overcome, many advantages can be exploited, like low cost and low environmentalimpact. Paper and cartonboard are also the preferred packaging material, and thus, the prospect of printing electronic elements in-line directly onto packaging is attractive.

4 Projects


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Research example: a game demoThe structure of the demonstrator

• The final demonstrator consisted of two paper substrates laminated together.

• The user presses “Alternative 1, 2 or 3” electric contact between conductive layers on substrates 1 and 2 thermochromic layer heats above 37 o thermochromiclayer becomes transparent text below the thermochromiclayer becomes visible (“Answer”)

QUESTION?

Answer

Answer

Answer

Alternative 1

Alternative 2

Alternative 3

4 Projects

Source: Hakola & al. Inkjet printed active element on paper basedon conductive and thermochromic materials. DF 2007.


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Research example: a game demoFinal demonstrator

WRONG ANSWER CORRECT ANSWER

4 Projects


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Research example: a game demo

• It has been proven that this type of concept works when printed on paper substrates, requiring that the quality potential of the paper is matched to the complexity of the elements to be printed.

• Although all parts of the demonstrator were inkjet printed therestill was a need for an external power source to make the game card work.

4 Projects



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Conclusions• Packaging is an informative, practical and aesthetic way to give

messages, create added value, and impact consumers. On the other hand, package communication has big challenges such as the amount and quality of messages, competition of consumers and authenticating of products. In addition, a constant tendency towards greater efficiency also affects the field.

• Smart packaging must offer added functionality that improves theperformance of packaging to address the challenges.

• Smart packaging is expected to be used in a broader range of applications in the future, especially due to printed solutions. Thereare a variety of technologies available and under development. However, there are still important challenges like total costs, the variety of technologies, end-user acceptance and disposal & recycling issues slowing down.

5 Conclusions

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¡Gracias por su atención!

Elina RuskoResearch Scientist

VTT Technical ResearchCentre of Finland

Email: [email protected]

packaging inteligente nuevos retos y nuevas oportunidades

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