NORMAS MAS COMUNES USADAS EN PROYECTOS

En general, los códigos y estándares mas comunes usados en ingeniería de proyectos para plantas de procesamiento de gas son las siguientes:

American Concrete Institute (ACI) American Gear Manufactures Association (AGMA) American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) American Petroleum Institute (API) National Association of Corrosion Engineers ( NACE) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) American Gas Association (AGA) American National Standard Institute ( ANSI) American Welding Society ( AWS) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) National Electrical Manufacturing Society ( NEMA) Gas Processors Suppliers Association. (GPSA) Amoco Construction and Engineering Specifications (ACES) Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) Steel Structures Painting council (SSPC) Federal Standards ( FED-STD)

AMERICAN INSTITUTE of STEEL CONSTRUCTION (AISC)

- AISC S 302 – Code of Standard Practice for Steel Building and Bridges

- AISC S 326 - Specification for Design, Fabrication & Erection of Structural Steel

- AISC 329 – Allowable Stress Design Specification for Structural Joints Using

ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts.

AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTUTE (ACI )

- ACI – Manual of Concrete Practice (# 180-9014-05CD)- ACI – Concrete Repair Manual ( # 180-RPMN -03 )

- ACI – Guide to Formwork for Concrete ( # 180-347R-03)- ACI SP 4 – Form for Concrete- ACI SP 17 – Concrete Design Handbook ( # 2124 )- ACI SP 299 Manual of Concrete Inspection (# 2138 )- ACI 301-5 Specification for Structural Concrete (# 180-5795-05)- ACI 302.1R-04 Guide for Concrete Floor & Slab Construction.- ACI 304R – Standard Practice for Curing Concrete.- ACI 318-05 Building Code Requirement for Structural Concrete & Commentary.- ACI 318131BR – Building Code Requirement for Reinforced Concrete.- ACI 347 – Formwork for Concrete.

AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API)

- API 5L – Specification for Pipe Line.- API 6D - Pipeline Valves.- API 11N – Specifications foe LACT Units.- API 11P – Specifications for Packaged Reciprocating Compressors.- API 12R – Recommended Practice for Setting, Maintenance, Inspection,

Operation, and Repair of Tanks. - API RP 80 – Guidelines for Definition of Gas Gathering Lines. - API RP 500A – Recommended practice for Classification of Areas for

electrical installations in Petroleum Facilities, Class 1, Division 1 and Division 2.- API 505 – Recommended practice for Classification of areas for electrical

installation in petroleum Facilities, Class 1, Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2.- API 510 – Pressure Vessel Inspection Code.- API RP 520 – Recommended practice for the design and installation of

pressure relieving systems.- API RP 521 – Guide for pressure relief & depressurizing systems.- API RP 530 – Recommended Practice for Calculation of Heater Tube

thickness in Petroleum Refineries.- API RP 540 – Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations in Petroleum

Processing Plant- API RP 550 – Manual on installation of refinery instruments and control

systems.- API 551 – Process Measurement Instrumentation.- API RP 553– Refinery Control Valves.- API Std 560 – Fired Heaters for General Refinery Services.- API RP 572 – Inspection of Pressure Vessel.- API RP 573 – Inspection of Fire Boilers & Heaters.- API 574 – Inspection Practice for Piping Components.- API 575 – Inspection of Atmospheric and Low Pressure Storage Tanks. - API 590 – Steel Line Blanks- API 594 – Check Valves- API 598 – Valve Inspection and Testing.- API 599 – Plug Valves.- API 600 – Steel Gate valves- API 602 – Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate for Refinery Use- API 603 - 15 Lb, light wall, Corrosion Resistant Gate Valves for Refinery Use.

- API 604 - Flanged Nodular Iron Gate and Plug Valves for Refinery Use. - API 610 – Centrifugal Pumps.- API 613 – Special Purpose Gear Units.- API 615 – Noise Level for Equipment.- API 616 – Gas Turbines.- API 617 – Centrifugal Compressors.- API 618 - Reciprocating Compressors.- API 630 – Tube and Header Dimensions for Fire Heaters for Refinery

Services.- API 650 – Welded Tanks for Oil Storage.- API 661 – Air Cooled Heat exchangers for General Refinery Services.- API 662 – Plate Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Services.- API 674 – Positive Displacement Pumps.- API PUB 931 – Manual on Disposal of Refinery Waste.- API 1102 – Steel Pipelines for Crossing Railroads and Highways.- API 1104 – Welding of Pipe Lines and Related Facilities.- API Std 2510– Design and Construction of LPG Installations at Marine and

Pipeline Terminals, Natural Gas Processing Plants, Refineries and Tank Farms.- API 2510A – Fire Protection for LPG Storage Facilities.- API Bulletin 2U – “Bulletin on Stability Design of Cylindrical Shells”.- API Bulletin 2V – “Bulletin on Design of Flat Plate Structures”.- API RP 2A – Working Stress Design.- API SPEC 12J – Specification for Oil and Gas Separators.- API STD 2000 – Venting atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks. (for

Process Plant).

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

- ASME 31.3 – Process Piping.- ASME 31.2 – Fuel Gas Piping.- ASME 31.4 – Liquid Transportation Piping.- ASME 31.8 – Gas Transmission Piping.- ASME B16.5 – Pipe Flanges and Fittings- ASME HPS 1994 – High Pressure Systems.- SECTION VIII, DIV. I- SECTION VIII DIV 1, 2 – Pressure vessels.- SECTION V – Non destructive examinations.- SECTION IX – Welding and Brazing Qualifications

American Gas Association (AGA)

- AGA 3 – Orifice Metering of Natural Gas Part 1: General Equations & Uncertainty Guidelines (1996).

- AGA 3 – Orifice Metering of Natural Gas Part 2: Specification and Installation Requirement (2000).

- AGA 5 – Fuel Gas Energy Metering (1996).- AGA 7 – Measurement of Gas by Turbine Meters (1998).- AGA 8 – Compressibility Factor of Natural Gas and Related Hydrocarbon

Gases (1994).- AGA 9 – Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters (1998)

- AGA 11 – Measurement of Natural Gas by Coriolis Meters.

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

- ANSI B2.1 – Pipe Threads- ANSI B16.1 – Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings (25,125,250, & 300

Lbs)- ANSI B16.5 - Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Valves & Fittings

(150,300,400,600,900, 1500 & 2000 Lbs).- ANSI B16.9 – Factory Made Wrought Steel Butt welding Fittings- ANSI B16.10 – Face to Face and En to End. Dimensions of Ferrous Valves.- ANSI B16.11 – Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded- ANSI B16.20 – Ring Joint Gaskets for Pipes Flanges.- ANSI B16.21 – Nonmetallic Gasket for Pipe Flanges- ANSI B16.24 – Bronze Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings.- ANSI B16.34 – Steel Valves.- ANSI B16.36 – Steel Orifices Flanges.- ANSI B16.104 – Quality Control Standard for Control Valve Seat Leakage

- ANSI B31.3 – Chemical Plants & Petroleum Refinery Piping.- ANSI B31.4 – Liquid Transportation Systems for Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum

Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia, and alcohol.- ANSI B31.8 – Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems.- ANSI CS – National Electric Safety Code- ANSI A 13.1 – Scheme for the identification of piping systems.- ANSI Y 32.10 – Fluid power diagrams.- ANSI/ISA S51-1 Process Instrumentation Terminology.

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American Welding Society (AWS)

- AWS A5.1 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes ( Shielded Arc Welding).- AWS A5.4 Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Arc Welding.- AWS A5.5 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Shielded Arc

Welding.- AWS A5.9 Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods.- AWS A5.28 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Shielded Arc

Welding.- AWS B1.10 Guide for Nondestructive Inspection of Welds.- AWS B1.11 Guide for Visual Examination of Welds.- AWS B2.1 Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification.

- AWS B2.1.1-016 Welding Procedure for M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1&2,(E7018)- AWS B2.1.1-017 Welding Procedure for M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1&2, (E6010)- AWS B4.0 Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds.- AWS QC10 Specification for Qualification & Certification for Entry Level Welders.- AWS QC11 Specification for Qualification & Certification for Level II Advance

Welders.- AWS QC12 Specification for Qualification & Certification for Level III Expert

Welders. - AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code - Steel.- AWS D1.3 Structural Welding Code – Sheet Steel.- AWS D10.12 Recommended Practices & Procedures for Welding Low Carbon

Steel Pipe.

British Standards (BS)

- BS-5762 – Method for crack opening displacement (COD) testing.

Instrument Society of America (ISA)

- ISA 5.1 Instrumentation Symbols and Identifications.- ISA 5.2 Binary Logic Diagrams for Process Operations.- ISA 5.3/ANSI Graphic Symbols for Distributed Control Share Display

Instrumentation, Logic and Computer Systems.- ISA 5.4 Instrument Loop Diagrams.- ISA 20 Specification Forms for Process Measurement & Control Instruments,

Primary Elements & control Valves.- ISA 75.01.01/ANSI Flow Equations for Sizing Control Valves.- ISA 75.02 /ANSI Control Valves Capacity Test Procedure.- ISA 75.11 Inherent Flow Characteristic and Range ability of Control Valves.- ISA 75.19.01/ANSI Hydrostatic Test of Control Valves.- ISA 84.01/ANSI Application of Safety Instrumented System for the Process

Industry.- ISA RP 12.4 Pressurized Enclosures.- ISA TR12.24.01 Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for

Electrical Installation Classified as Class 1, Zone 0,Zone 1, Zone 2.- ISA TR12.06.01 Electrical Equipment in Class 1,Division 2 / Zone 2 Hazardous

Location.

International Electrotechnic Commission (IEC)

- IEC-79 – 0 – Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres.- IEC-79 – 10 – Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres –

Classification on hazardous areas.- IEC-1194 – Characteristic parameters of stand-alone Photovoltaic (PV) systems.

- IEC-1173 – Over voltage protection for Photovoltaic (PV) power generating systems – guide.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

- IEEE C2 – National Electrical safety Code (NESC).- IEEE 81 – Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity , Ground Impedance, and Earth

Surface Potentials.- IEEE 118 – Standard Test Code for Resistant Measurements.- IEEE 141 – Recommended Practices for Electric Power Distribution for Industrial

Plants.- IEEE 1100 – Recommended Practice for Powering and Grounding Electronic

Equipments.- IEEE Std. S19-1992 Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic

Control in electrical Power Systems.

National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE)

- NACE SSPC SP 5 – White Metal Blasting Cleaning- NACE SSPC SP 6 – Commercial Blast Cleaning- NACE SSPC SP7 – Brush off Blast Cleaning- NACE SSPC SP10 – Near White Metal Blasting Cleaning- NACE SSPC SP12 – Water Blasting- NACE SSPC SP13 – Surface Preparation of Concrete- NACE SSPC SP14 – Industrial Blast Cleaning- NACE RP0169 – Control of External Corrosion on Underground Piping Systems.- NACE RP0175 – Control of Internal Corrosion in Steel Pipe Lines and Piping

System.- NACE RP0181 – Internal Coating for Oil Field Production Equipments- NACE RP0193 – Cathodic Protection on Storage Tank Bottoms- NACE RP0274 – High Voltage Electrical Inspection of Pipeline Coating- NACE RP0287 – Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Abrasive Blast

Cleaned Steel Surfaces using a Replica Tape.- NACE I,II NACE International Book of Standards Volume I & 2

National Electrical Manufacturing Society (NEMA)

- NEMA ICS 2 – Standard for Electrical Control Devices, Controllers & Assemblies.- NEMA ICS 6 – Enclosures for Instrument Control. - NEMA C37.06 AC High Voltage Circuit Breakers.- NEMA C37.16 Low Voltage Power Circuit Breakers.- NEMA C37.17 Trip Devices for AC and General Purpose.- NEMA C57.12.10 For Transformers 230kV and Below.- NEMA C57.12.20 Transformer 500 kVA and smaller.- NEMA C57.12.22 Transformer Pad-Mounted, Self Cooled, three phase 2500

kVA and Smaller.

- NEMA C84.1 Electrical Power Systems and Equipment (60 Hertz).- NEMA KS1 Enclosed and Miscellaneous Distribution Equipment (600Vmax.).- NEMA MG1 Motors and Generators.- NEMA MG2 Construction and Guide for Selection of Electric Motors and

Generators.- NEMA PB1 Panel boards.- NEMA PG1 Uninterruptible Power System.- NEMA SG4 AC High Voltage Circuit Breakers.- NEMA VE1 Metal Cable Tray Systems.- NEMA VE2 Metal Cable Tray Installation Guidelines.- NEMA Z535.1 Safety Color Code.- NEMA Z535.2 Environmental and Facility Safety Signs.- NEMA Z535.3 Criteria for Safety Symbols.- NEMA Z535.4 Product Safety Signs.- NEMA Z535.5 Accident Prevention Tags.- NEMA 250 Enclosure for Electrical Equipment (1000V max.)

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

- NFPA 1 – Fire Prevention Code.- NFPA 10 – Portable Fire Extinguishers.- NFPA 11-05 – Standard for Low-Medium, and High expansion Foam - NFPA 12 – Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems.- NFPA 13 – Installation of Sprinkling Systems.- NFPA 15 – Water Spray Fixed System for Fire Protection.- NFPA 16-03 – Standard for Installation of Foam water sprinkler and foam water

spray system.- NFPA 17 – Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems.- NFPA 20 – Standard for the installations of stationary pumps for fire protection.- NFPA 30 – Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code. - NFPA 72 – National Fire alarm Code.- NFPA 79 – Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery.- NFPA 214-05 Standard on Water Cooling Tower.- NFPA 221-00 Fire Walls and Fire Barrier Walls.- NFPA 312 – Fire Protection of Vessels during Construction, repair and lay – up.- NFPA 496 –Standard for Purged and Pressurized enclosures for electrical

equipment.

Scientific Apparatus Makers Association (SAMA / MCAA)

- SAMA PMC 33.1 – Electromagnetic susceptibility of process control instrumentation.

- Process Measurement & Control Terminology- Process Instrumentation Reliability Terminology- Air Pressures for Pneumatic Controllers and Transmission Systems.- Resistance Thermometers.- Bimetallic Thermometers.- Filled Thermometers.

- Generic Test Methods for Testing and Evaluation of Process Measurement and Control Instrumentation.

NOTE : SAMA ceased all primary development of standards from 1985 to 2001. The Measurement, Control and Automation Association(MCAA) is offering these services.

Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC)

- SSPC SP1-82 Solvent Cleaning.- SSPC SP2-95 Hand Tool Cleaning- SSPC SP3-95 Power Tool Cleaning.- SSPC SP5-94 White Metal Blast Cleaning.- SSPC SP6-94 Commercial Blast Cleaning.- SSPC SP7-94 Brush Off Blast Cleaning.- SSPC SP8 – 91 Pickling.- SSPC SP10 – Near White Blast Cleaning.- SSPC SP11-95 Power Tool Cleaning and Base Cleaning.- SSPC PA I-91 Shop, Field, and Maintenance Painting.- SSPC PA2-91 Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Magnetic Gauges. - SSPC Vis 1-89 – Visual Standard for Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel.

Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS)

- MSS SP6 – Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting Ends Flanges of Valves and Fittings.

- MSS SP44 – Steel Pipe Flanges.- MSS SP70 – Cast Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends.- MSS SP80 – Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves.- MSS SP84 – Steel Valves Socket Welding and Threaded Ends.- MSS P25 – Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, & Unions.- MSS P53 – Quality Standards for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges and

Fittings, and others Piping Components.- MSS P54 – Radiographic Quality Standard for Steel Casting for Valves,

Flanges, and Fittings, and others Piping Components.- MSS P61 – Hydrostatic Testing of Steel valves.- MSS P67 – Butterfly Valves.- MSS P72 – Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt Welding Ends for General Service.

Federal Standard ( FED – STD)

- FED STD 595B – Pigment Color Codes in Equipment Procurement.

Comité Consultatif International des Radiocommunications (CCIR)

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

- Radio Regulations as adopted by World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva 1995)

- Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T)- A. Telephone transmission quality and Installation- B. Protection against interference.- C. None Telephone telecommunication services.- D. Audiovisual and Multimedia Systems.

Electronic Industry Association (EIA)

- EIA 213 Test Point Locations for Printed Wiring Assemblies.- EIA 225 Rigid Coaxial Transmission lines, 50 Ohms- EIA 310 Racks, Panels, and Associated Equipment.- EIA 329.B1 Minimum Standards for Communication Antennas Part II – Vehicular

Antennas.- EIA 359A Standards Colors for Color Identification and Coding.- EIA 364.18A Visual and Dimensional Inspection Procedures for Electrical

Connectors.- EIA 364.21B Insulation Resistance Test Procedure for Electrical Connectors.- EIA 364.31B Humidity Test Procedure for Electrical Connectors.- EIA 364.70B Test Procedure for Current vs Temperature Rise of Electrical

Connectors.- EIA 383a Preparation for Delivery of Electrical and Electronic Components.- EIA 407A Testing Procedure for Relays for Electrical and Electronic Equipment.- EIA 709.1 Control Network Protocol Specification. - EIA-RS-232D – Interface between DTE and DTC terminating equipment

employing serial binary data interchange Rec. V24 – Ninth Edition, 1989 or latest.

º Air Movement and Control Assn. (AMCA Standard)

- AMCA 99 – Standards Handbook- AMCA 201 – Fans and Systems- AMCA 202 – Troubleshooting- AMCA 203 – Field Performance Measurements

Tubular Exchanger Manufacture Association (TEMA) Underwriters’ Laboratory (UL)

- UL 1709 – Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel – 1989

- UL 1703 – UL Tests – Power Solar System

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

- ASTM A20 – Standard Specification for Steel Plates.- ASTM A36 – Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel.- ASTM A36M – Standard Specification for Structural Steel, 1990

- ASTM A53A – Standard Specification for Pipe.- ASTM A307 – Standard Specifications for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 4200

kg/cm2 Tensile Strength.- ASTM A325 – Standard Specifications for High-Strength Bolts for Structural Steel

Joints.- ASTM A 490 – Specifications for Heat-Treated, Steel Structural Bolts, 150 Ksi

(1035 Mpa) Tensile strength.- ASTM A615 – Standard Specifications for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars

for Concrete Reinforced.- ASTM A775M – Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing Steel Bars- ASTM C-31RA – Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test

Specimens in the Field.- ASTM C 33 – Standard Specifications for Concrete Aggregates.- ASTM C 39 – Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical

Concrete Specimens.- ASTM C 109 – Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic

Cement Mortars (Using 2-inch or 50 mm Cube Specimens).- ASTM C 131 – Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-

Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine. - ASTM C 143 – Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Cement Concrete.- ASTM C 150 – Standard Specification for Portland Cement.- ASTM C 156 – Standard Test Method for Water Retention by Concrete Curing

Materials.- ASTM D 946 – Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement for use in

Pavement Construction.- ASTM D 1556 – Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Sand-

Cone Method.- ASTM D 1557 - Standard Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils

and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures Using 10 lb ( 4-54 kg) Rammer and 18 in. (457 min.)Drop.

- ASTM D 2028 – Standard Specification for Cutback Asphalt( Rapid-Curing Type)- ASTM D 2167 – Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil In –

Place by Rubber Balloon Method.- ASTM D 2216 – Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water

(Moisture) Content of Soil, Rock, and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures. - ASTM D 2585 – Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastic by Means

of a Barcol Impresser.- ASTM D 4253 – Standard Test Methods for Maximum Index Density of Soils- Using a Vibratory Table.- ASTM D 4254 – Standard Test Methods for Minimum Index Density of Soils and

Calculations of Relative Density.- ASTM D 4643 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Water(Moisture)

Content of Soil by Microwave Oven Method.- ASTM D 4718 – Standard Practice for Correction of Unit Weight and Water

Content of Soils Containing Oversize Particles.- ASTM D 4914 – Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Rock in Place in

by the Sand Replacement Method in a Test Pit.- ASTM D 5030 – Standard Test Method for Density of Soil and Rock in Place by

the Water Replacement Method in a Test Pit.- ASTM E 23 – Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials.- ASTM E 165 – Liquid Penetrant Inspection.

- ASTM E-1171 – Standard Method for Photovoltaic Modules in Cyclic Temperature and Humidity Environment.

- ASTM E-1328 – Standard Terminology Relating to Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion.

JLP No 5101-61 (Block V) – Durability – Power Solar System. MIL 810-C Military Rules of “Salt Fog”- Power Solar System.