mensaje don manuel gondra - abril de 1921 - presidente de la república del paraguay al honorable...

8/3/2019 Mensaje Don Manuel Gondra - Abril de 1921 - Presidente de la Repblica del Paraguay al Honorable Congreso Naci

1/77

%,

%*B%

EAH_CLA( ( , ( ( ( * x"( IA@W{abiah da+ia `c [awq k`boc ia` Wc{cjqcrWMH ECHQA@ JMHI[C( ( , ( L % % ( ]

( ( ( (

%% %


2/77

EAH_CLAx %IA@

W{abiahya ia `c [awqk`boc ia` Wc{cjqcr

IMH ECHQA@ JMHI[C

C(K[B@ IA 32;3

QBBW[B HYC HCOBMHy @32;3

( ( (


3/77

EAH_ClAIA@

W[A_BIAHYA IA @C [AWQK@BOCC@

NMHM[CK@A OMHJ[A_M IA @C HCOBMHC@ dHCQJQ[C[ @C_ _A_BMHA_ IA@137 WA [BM IM @ AJ B_@ CYBT M


4/77

_adbm{a _ahcimaa,

_ahm{a Ibwqyc {b m ?(BMM wam* em({awmhckb`bicia sqa *a coqeq`ckch mk{a a` yam{mah eaeahym ah sqa `c {ahyc iao{aobc (wm,{ mk{c ia `c ia%w{abmh om{{ba{obc`, r *77 sqa `c bm{bb a coahyqckc, nc%oba{bim ec cw{a{hbchya c `m wmaaim{a ia o{aibym O733%y{ca` Aycim( Hm bj{bm{cb sqa `c wahq{bc *och sqa _3%jqb4 iakc,ybahima (a ` Yam{m, a33 mocbmha sqb|c ec *wa{] ,,`m eaymio ahmlmm ia ( c jayb4h dboc`, nb|m sqa csqa `iadboby a echyqtbaa bhc{hm{ yb|cim ncyc iaeaibc{a` cdbmzchim , a w{miqlm a` oc{hkbm ia tciebhby{a(obmh, ah `YB_*%ychka ah *sqa hm a{c wmbk`a coqib{ c `c( haoabicia h(cbh{qaibcyc ia` a{tbobm wqk`bom,


5/77

xYM a~y{cdbc{ ab, wqa, sqa ymim eb cdcha aomhy{c%laah c {ajq`c{ b|c{ r dm{yc3aoa{ Lc dbhch|c, omem w{a%`bebhc{ bhibwahckà wc{c comeaya{ mk{c ,a bhbobc{ `c{adm{ec w{m{hay{ic( R a{c a``m ychym ec q{jahya, oqch%ym Bc o{bb, sqa rc ah Ec{|m nckbc aycim c wqhyc ia a% (yc``ch ah a` aha ia `m kchom, b{hwmhbc omhoaqy{c{ yiic`c dqa{|c ,wc%{c sqa hm wa{iba{ceo wm{ omewàya 3c a{a%hbici oqchim `c ym{%eahyc a iaa{bociahca(

[aiqobim `m jcym ah ,3 7 wmbkà, coybtcic r oahy{m%nicay{aonceahy*a 3c { aocqicobmh r wa{ mawobmh ia Bc {ah%yc, wqima bsqba{c (cya{bia{ `c alaoqobmh o B ( ( a % ` w{(aqwy{aymomh {a`cybtc {ajq`c{ bici, r cqh ochoa`c{ eqonm cy{cm 6wa{ m hm a nck{bc ia *w{ayahia{ 37 b{{ ac`b|ckà(sqa nqkbaabim sqbea{ bom bhyahyc{ wmha{ c` ibc ymic `c mk`bj cobmhawa{bibahya oqc{bim a` ahomjb{hbahym ia `m {(aoq{m a coah%b(]*ay{qbim( , ,

Wa{m, `c o{bb mh dahmeahm y{chbym{bm, r coawych%


6/77

im`c ah


7/77

Wm{ am iaka a{ hqay{c ybh boc w{amoqwc oboh ncoa{ ia+hqay{c wm`byboc wm`byboc dbhchoba{ c, a iaob{, qwaibyc{ `mymim c mkyah a{ csqa` %dbh, sqa ah 4Q w{bea{ cwaoym _BO ob%d{c xh @c (àr aahobc` ci{hbhby{cybtc < (a` Whaqwqa{m(

Wc{ aoa{ bc bhhaoac{bm {awaybb `m, wa{m ah awmoc ah sqaymim `m jmkba{hm a adqa{|ch wm{ *1c3b3* ia` iadboby r ia`m ecia ia` wcwa` emhaic, omhtbaha bcbyb{ *ah omhoaw%ym sqa, wm{%wc{aoa{ q{btbcà c taO7_ *a a`b{hbhch oba hqay{%m o{bya{ bm(

Qhc wm`byboc dbhchoba{c, ckbc r bwcy{b4yboc, 13O omhiah%c{ bc ah qh w{ aqwqaym ah (a ` sqa m`m +wbic{hm c` wc`*`m co{bdbobm bhibwahckà, wm{`bahim `m {aO``@_71 v`{+*6b%hc{bm b{ahya c `m jcym m{ibhc{ba, @m {aOQd_M(+ coobioh%ycà d{acf c `c hamabicia w{mtbo{bc, `m ({aoq{m sqaom{hw{meoyah a` wo{tahb{ d{ahya c BI_ jcym sqa 37 daoqh%ich+(

@m iadboby sqa byaecyboc{hahya a qwa{wmqah ahqhc a{{a ia ala{ obobm ya{elhce bwm{ omhm`bic{ aah ybyqbmia iaqic sqa, b naem ia cy ahio{ nmhmcic{hahya, mha {choch _Q1 {awmhckb`bicia `m {aoq{m ia ocic cdbo( Oqch ymj{ctc hqay{m w{ aqwqaym csqa` bhdm{yh{{cim ae%`"{asybym ia ncoa eaibo xjum, sqa ych wmom daoqhim a` wa{%tahb{, r sqa a Bqa{|c, _b`` aekc{jm, o{ tb{ wc{c ncoa{ nm%hm{ c hqay{m o{ aibym,

C {aeaibc{ ,ah 37 *s`


8/77

R omho`qrm cnm{c, a`bm{a [aw{(aahychya, ayc *bhy{h%

iqoobmh c `c sqa aymr %ajq{c ibbeq`c{ab a3 oc{coy a{a~nm{ ycyo{bm sqa `c nmhic w{ amoqwcobm{ba sqa hm y{ckc%lch cocm `a ncrc{{ icim(

_a nc ibonm sqa `m jmkba{hm a qa`ah tchcj m{bc{ia kmhch|c ia `c qa{ ya sqa 337 nch bim q mk{c, r %sqaah om{hwahcobmh `c mwmbobmha %ncoah *ocqic` omhy{c


9/77

BHYA[BM[( (Bew`chycic iadbhbybtc{hahya `c {ad(m{ec aàoym{c` tchokyahbahima, ,ah wc{ya, `m {aq`ycim cwayaobim, awaobc`%

e a{{ka ah oqchym a { adba{ a c `c y{chdm{ecobmh ia Bc `q%onc wm`byboc, chya ba{hw{a tbmà{{yc, r nmr y{ chsqb`clqyc iaemo{cyboc, sqa bhobych c `m obqicichm c` oqe%w`beba{bym ia _Q iaka{ a obtbom(

@c w{ coyboc nc iaemy{cim, bh aekc{jm, sqa c wac {ia `c {%adm{{hc, `c àr cimàoa ia iadbobaeobc, Bcobàia qk%chc{ omh emibdbocobmha ciaohcic 6 rsqa qkbyah, cqh,ah %a ` aàoym{cim {ackbm ia tbalm nckbym om{hbobcà, sqaxndb(oq`ych Lc wa{daoyc mka{tchobc * ia` hqatm byaec(

@c coyqcoboh ia `c% Lqhyc aàoym{cà ah jaha{c`, ria 3731 dqhobmhc{bm (ahoc{jcim ia Bc ibta{c mwa{cobmhaw{awc{ cym{ bc ia` qd{cjbm6 `c dc*`yc ia qhc wahc`bici %a~%w{ ac, sqa mk`bjqa c bho{bkb{a c ymim Bh obqicichm sqaa ahoqahy{ah ,ah `c omhibobmha àjcà ia ncoa{`m, r `ccimwobmh sqa a tbaha w{coybochim ia` [ajby{m Obtbom Hc%obmhc` omem kca wc{c a` m{yam ia `mobqicichmc 32 cdbm sqa iak%ah Bàhc{ ia{tbobm e{`byc{ mk`bjcym{ bmr Bqhobmh a wo`bobcà, mh `c ocqc( w{bhobwcà ia sqa Bchqatc àr, hm mkychya iw{mj{am sqa bjhbdboc ah a3 al a{%obobm r %ah `m {aq`ycim ia `c dqh%obmh aàoym{c`, r q bh%d`qlm ah Bc omyh{hk{ a obtboc, hm ncrc còch|cim c Bàhc{ymycèahya `m chna`m r awa{ch|c sqa emybtc{me qcimwobmh(

KQ{ahc wc{ya ia {awmhckb`bici ybahah, yc{hkbah, aha``m, `c m{jchb|cobm{ba 7 wchybim wm`bybom jah(a{cèahyaiaw{ amoqwcim, dqa{c ia` wa{bmim aàoobmhc{ bm, ia e%

2


10/77

y{qb{ c q cdb`bcim *ah `m iaka{a obtbom r ncoa{ à ome%w{ahia{ `c dqhob4h wm`byboc aahobcd sqa a` qd {cj bm (ahy{c%dbc,ob{oqho{bkbahim jaha{cèahya ymim q bhya{ a r q co%*ybtbici c` coym %aàoym{c` ebem, oqrc (adbocobc hm a ecsqa %a ` {aq`ycim ia `c mk{c wc{ybic{bc ia w{mwcjchic, wc{qh `cim, r wc{ my{m ia `c ib`bj ahobc r àjc`bici och sqa anch w{ awc{cim wce a` om{hbobm%< bho{bwobmh, iawq{cobmh ia`m {ajby{m, {ayb{a c yba{hwm ia *Bc Bbk{ayc, omhybyqob4habhya{tahobmh i*a `c Eac [aoawym{c, ayo(, omhibobmhaymic ia a~y{aec b{hwm{ychobc, omem sqa cdaoych c `c aah%obc eb_L333cia `c àr, r sqa, bh *aekc{jm, hm mh w{coyboc%ic hb dboc b|cicb iakbicea{{ya wc{ `c (a{{ybicia wm`byboc,? sqbaha bhya{ac, w{bem{ibc`{ha{bya, sqa a` taym wcwq`c{*_ac dba` {adàlm ia `c ocwcobici wmbbyboc iaoc ic qhc i a %*a`Bc(

A imaawa{c{ sqa ia ayc iadbobahobc qhc ncr ch iaiacwc{aoa{ och qhc ecrm{ oq`yq{c obtboc r och qh ecrm{bhy a{a, sqa b{c iawa{ychim *ah wc{ ybia r obqicichm, aàla{ obobm ia` Bqd{cjbm6 wa{ m c my{c nck{c sqa kq oc{ { a%eaibo bajc` ah emibdbocobm{{a sqa `c (a~wa{bahobc comhalc(A3 Ebhbya{bm ia` Bhya{bm{ w{awc{c a` w{mraoym ia ayc {a%dmhhc sqa a{c w{aa{bycim c tq ay{c omhbia{cobmh ah%ayc àjb`cyq{c, r ayqibc `c dm{ec ia `àtc{ c *`c w{coyboc`c w{ao{bwobmh sqa ayckàoa `c b{hw{abmh ibj byc` r Bc dmym%j{cd`c ia` bho{bwym, omem eaibo wc{c om{hw{mkc{ `c (biahyb%ici ia` aàoym{([adb{bahimea, cnm{c c `c %aàoobmha ia` ;: ia Dak{a{m

b{`yb{hm, tmmy{m **c*kab,sqa a {ac`b|c{m{b och ymic y{chsqb%`bici, r sqa, *c`tm naonm cb`cim, a` m{iah hm Bqa c`ya{ c%im r `m obqicichm jm|c{mh ia ymic `c jc{chybc omhyb%yqobmhcà wc{c ala{obyc{ *q ia{aonm(

_mk{a 4;,>32 bho{bwym *ah `m iawc{yc{hahym B(M, ;,772, 7 ac, qh 9?(17 737, obd{c sqa, b hm (a eqr nc`cjcim{c r coqc{bc qhc ib{hbhqobmh omewc{cicomh a` w{meaibm ia 11 73*7ia `m omebobm ia B232 (ah *`m ia%wc{yceahym 9%7, 1(*7 R 4( , hm (a, bh aekc{jm, {aiqobic, b` a `c omyal c om(h `m omewqymca{aoym{cà eaibc iba my{mwcba *%ia` omhybha{{ya i a ec coybtbici ia{hmo{cyboc sqa (a Bhqay{m(

Ia` ymyc` ia tmym om{{ awmhibm c` Wcxybim @bka{c` qhw{meaibm mi a 34,?;7 7 ac a` 12 7376 c` Wc{ybim Hcobmhc` [a%37


11/77

, ,

wqk`boc{bm, >(114 7 ac i ?B 737, r a` {aym, ia ;(:3?7 ac (a`37 *737, a iby{bkqra ahy{a `m ochibicya ia BS_ iaec wc{%ybim 7 cj{qwcobmha sqa ymec{mhwc{ya ah `c aàoobmh r 32 cdbm, a iaob{, lmta{ba och wmoc a~wa{bahobccyyh r, (ah _@` ecrm{bc, w{moaia{bya ia `c oc{hwcdbc, b{{cwymwc{c `c dqhobmha r { awmhckb`bici(a ia q oc{ jm, sqaa~bjah my{c omhibobmha ia aici a bimqabici(

A aya qh a{bm mkycoq`m c `c mk{c ia ealm{c{hbahymia `maa{tbobm%wm`bobcà, r iakaem wahc{ iaobibic{hah%ya ah qhc {adm{{hc, mk{%a `c kca ia` tm`qhyc{bcim, w{mrao%yci%c chya ia cnm{c wm{ a` Omkba{qo ia` imoym{ D{chom, qmy{c sqa omhq`ya ealm{ `m dbha ia `c bhybyqobmh(

@c o{bebhcnici bah `c Ocwbyc`,a~mawyqcV`8im BI_ occim`m{mm mocbmhcim wm{ (a` omhd`boym i a mk{a{m ec{byb%em, nc *bim bhdbec, R `m ia`bym omhy{c a` wcy{b{hmhbm,sqa nckbch yme cim bho{aeahym c`c{ec{{ya *omh a` iac{{ m``mia %Bc ia`bhoqahobc w{mdabmhc` r `m %ayb{hq`m wc{ca` ia`b%ym, sqa `c o{bb qobyc ah ymo`m `m j{qwm mobcà, nchib{hbhqbim %ah dm{ec ahbkà, eaibchya qhc oc{hwcdbc bh%yahc r {aha{j boc aew{ahibic omhy{c 371 ia`bhoqahya iaaoqa`c( Ah jaha{c`, @c Wm`bobc nc om{hkcybim och (adbocobcymim (aa eq{bim cem{c` sqa a eqata cy ec{jah ia` O4*%ibjm Wahc`(

Iaia w{bhobwbm ia` cdbm Bahaobim, nc dqhobmhcim *omh%ymic {ajq`c{bici Bc Oc{oa` ia 33qlaha r Om{{(aoobm{{c` iaEahm{a, sqa b{ta ia ta{icia{c aoqa`c ia em{c`bici ry{ckclm c `c {ao`qc( @c ocwcobici ia` aibdbobm sqa moq%wc, a ahy{aychym, {aiqobic r w{ aobc ahchonc{ `m wc{c ea%lm{c{ q omhibobmha j*aha{cà(, r atbyc{ ymic wmbkb`bici3;


13/77

ia omhycoym a{{y{a `c wahcic r `c {{bahm{a, ahoa{{cic ah(kqoc ia om{{aoobmh( @c Oc{oa` Wqk`boc {asqba{a yc{hkbahbewm{ychya {awc{cobmha, wa{m a a` ocm ia wahc{ 13 O733%tba{{a ncoa{`c %ah qh aibdbobm *s@{a {(aq`yc rc wmom eohm sqa bhqyb` wc{c a` a{tbobm c sqa ayc iaybhcim,

@c wahbyahobc{ bc a mk{ c ia oc{coya{ bewmya{ jckà,sq(a a` Omkba{hm a aewadbc{c ah {ac`b|c{, om{bychim wc{c%a``m och `c ommwa{cobmh ia` Mmhj{am( A``c %a a~bjbic wc{`c àr wc{c ncoa{ adaaybtm a` byaec ia wahc`bici sqahqay{c àjb`cab4h nc cimwycim, bhwb{cic ah `m emia{hmwmyq`cio ia Lc obahobc wahc`, r *ah w{aa{b wo{mha ia `c*Omhy byqobmh Hcobmhc`(

@c Wm`bobc ia oc{hwcdbc hm nc wmibik còch|c{ cqh a`j{cim ia adbocobc sqa a~{jah 37* tc`bmm bhya{aa sqayqya`c(

@c chjqybc dbhchoba{c, cj{ctcic hmyckà{hahy a wm{`c o{bb sqa tcem wcchim, dqa{m{b mnycoq(m sqa hm ( awqim tahaa{, wc{c imyc{`c ia` wa{mhc` r eaibm haoac{boc` `àhm ia q ebb4h, sqa ych bhyb{hceahya cdaoyc c*` iaah%tm`tbebahym r c{{cbjm ia `m ibta{m Bcoym{a sqa ncoahxa`kbahayc{ ia *`c wmk`cobm{ba {q{cà(

Am%ym, hm mkychya, wqaia cdb{ ec{(a sqa q a{ tbobm%hm a kch { aahybim tbbkàeahya, omem 37 w{qakc `c y{ch%sq{`bici jaha{c` sqa {abhc ah `c oc{hwcdbc, r a` bho{aeahymia `c dc ahc cj{bom`c, { ac*`b| cicb c` c{hwc{m ia `c jcD%(m3(h%*ybc sQ*a ba` y{ckclm nc a{bomhy{cim ah `c cqym{bicia, Wa{m,hm a iaka awa{c{ ec yba{hwm wc{c imyc{ c ayc bhylyq%ob4h ia `m aàeahym r { aoq{ m sqa {asqba{a wc{c cdb{ ec{5 , ( {mkqy%aoa{ q coobmh, mmha{tcim{c r o{ac im{c c @c ta|,wqa aha` { by{hm ia `c tbic cj{bom`c, 3c coybtbici sqa daoqh%i c r w{miqoa 4337 cwc{ aoa omh `c wc| Bajc`, sqa cajq{ca`{awaym c` ncjc{, c `c tbic r c % `c w{mwbaici ia` y{ ckclcim{(Qhc e(ahob4h awaobc` ea{aoa (a` oqa{wm ia Jahic{%ea{bc Emhycic, oqrc coyqcobmh a adbc`c wc{ `c adbocobcomh sqa j qc{ic `m bhya{aaahom{hahicim c _@ 3 tbj b`chobc,A`%omh oq{m tm`qhyc{ bm ia* c`jqhm nc oahicim nc crqicim

B?


14/77

( (

wc{c ahchonc{ q ada{c ia coobmh r c{hw`bc{ 3*71 ka{badb%obm sqa Bnc w{miqobim, {a`y{bhj3ahim a` oqcy{a{bem, r cyyhcockchim omh a B (ah c`jqhc ia `c |mhc jcecia{c ah sqac|myckc ec cjqic{hahya( @c kcybic icic omm a~bym, cayc o`ca ia ia`bhoqa{bya, sqa omem qhc w`cjc bkc (o3meb%hchim `c [awqk`boc, nc {aiqobim a` ec` c w{mwm{obmhaebhbec( @c wc{ybic m{jchb|cic, ah eaibic bsqa rc a%bbm{ ackch c`jqhm iawc{ycohahym, nch iacwc{aobim O7333%wàyc{hahya, sqaichim, %a oba{ ym, ymictbc oqcy{a{m cb`cim,ec ib%bobà ia wa{aj qb{ wm{ q ecrm{%a Bcob`bicia ~àmoq`ycobmh r ia emtb`bici, wa{m sqa, ocka awa{c{ achA~yb{wcimomem 37 {qa{mh `m m{jchb|cim ah jctb` c*, *m%k{a ymim b `c coobm{b ia `c lqybobc omhm`bic r w{aybjbc`c sqa `c wm`bobc al a{obyc(

Qhc a~wa{bahobc ia cdbm ncoa ta`* sqa `c bhadbocobcia `c coa%bmh ciebhby{cybtc, *ah 37 sqa {awaoy%c c` Omkba{hmOm{hqhc`, { ciboc (% w{bhobwc` eahya %ah q m{jc{bb|cobmh,dqhicic wm{ qhc dc`c| jaha{c`b|*cobm`h yam{ boc, *ah ic ibtbbmhia wmia{ a, sqa omhylyqra a` ,{ajbeah ia` A(_3


15/77

Bhwb{cim *ah ay c biaca` W( F, meaya{c c T( N( `cadm{{hc ia `c coyqc` `ar M{jchbo ia Eqhbobwc(`bicia(*Wc{hkbah a {atbc{ch BcBara ia b{hwqaym sqa ic ychia cdbm cy{c ( @m a{tbobm q{kchm nch tahbim o{aobahimia ibc ah ibc omh a` cheahym ia `c wmk`cob4h r *`c ecrm{ aa~bjahobc ia 3c tbic i a mbqici( Ah oc{hkbm, 37* {,aOQd_M_sqawcjch am a{tbobm hm a nch ciaaqcim c a``m ah `cmw{m%wm{obmh haoac{ bc(( iahy{m ia qhc w{qiahya wm`byboc Bbhch%oba{c,

Oba{yc ycc ich qhc {ahyc eqr bhda{bm{ obo;3?7


16/77

m{m `ah ) ?2(399


17/77

( (

PYcekbah a nc(``c aewadbcic `c Eqhbobwc bici

x~{aj`7 ia `m w{b{{obwc(à ocebhm ia cooam c `ca` ia Echm{c, Y{bhbici, Rcyr r @cekc{ a(

Myym bewm{ychya w{mraoym, ah om{hbah|m ia *al*ao`Fbmh m{m( Om{hwc{cic `c ah{hohaic ia oq{a àjc` aM*BY Bc acòq`cic ah aB w{O`qwqa#m,o b c aya cdbm qh qwa{ctby i a ) 299(>9? , sq*a ah 3232 Bqam`m ia ) ;91(@x:2


19/77

( > 4 (C mklaym ia a~yahia{ c `c ecrm{ wc{ya % i a b`c wmk`cobmh

37 kahadbobm iaayc oc{hwcdbc, a nc { oqa`ym iaoahy{ c`b%(xc{


20/77

c `c haoabicia sqa* iaka B`a{bc { r c `c oo{{ibobm{{a iiya{ {ahm iaybhc(im c (


21/77

C`ycDc`àobim

A~bya{bobc c` ?3 iaMwa{c im

Omhe`ym{bm .Ciq`ym.Hbbbm

;(4?;Ibobaek{ a ia 32;7 3:1

1n

+3;(33?BB({_4

Ymyc`[aoaycWc{ym

?_ dx*?|?9?Dqhobmhch, w{aychim tc`bmm a{tbobm à h `c lmhc6

{awaoybtc, `m Nmwbyc(a [ajbmhcà ia Tb``c ia _ch Wa%i{m r ia Tb``c{{


22/77

c (c wa{mhc wmk{ a, ah `c ibebhqobmh ia` oq{chia{ bem8 omem omh aoqa{bobc, àh `c ia 33cem{yc`bici (bhdch yb`(@c Jmyc ia @aona tc coahyqc{bim q coobmh sqa %a iay{choahiahobc ta{icia{c 6 omem sqa ybaha c q oc{jm `ccy ahobmh i a `m {aobah hcobim r a` ic{ bhy{ qoobmha c `ceci{a wc{c q o{ bch|c, w{mtara{{im`c, b mh bhibj ahya,ia àona ch66, r cwyc wc{c `c hqy{bobm{b ia q hbdbm, {aych%im cb w{aobmc tbic c" ya{{bkà d`cja`m bhdchyb` ia `c jcxy{m%ahyo{b yb( A` chc q``yb{{{m nch {aobkbim cyahobmh r w{m%yaaob4h ia aya bhybyqym 4(177 hbdbm,

@c _aoob4h ia _a{tbobm Eaibom ia Q{jahobc r Cbyaq%ob%c Im{hbob`bc{ bc %a co{aaim {c c `c aybecobmh r j{cybyqi ia`wqk`bom, wm{ a` mmhychya wa{daoo


23/77

oc{(aybc ia `c tbic `c bhybyqob4h i a qh {ajbeah wa{(qch ahyao`qa omhyahjc ah w{ mwm{obmqa `ajbybec a` w{mta ;337 sqac`jqhc bhiqy{bc mkybahah ia a{tbobm sqa c yb Bcoah ha%oa bicia bheaibc yc ia `c a~byahobc (

( (

B


24/77

8 # % ,

[A@COBMHA_ A^YA[BM[A_

@c ia{hmy{cobmha ia om{y abc r `m cjcclm sqa ay{ bkqych ah wcba a~y{cdbm c hqay{m cb`ym dqhobm{bc{bmmh w{qakc ia `c om{bbia{cmbmh l ia 3,%,6 cebym ahyb%eba{qym sqa c hqay{m wcb a w{o Boq ah a``m( Ah moc%bmh ia q tbcla ia {ayb{a ia 3,7 Aycim Qhbim,< a` W{ab%(Bahya aàoym dqa mklaym ia nmh{ mc {hchbbaycobmha i awc{ya ,ia `m Omkba{hm C{ha{bochm, K{cbàbbm, Q{qjqcrm r6 (j{ cym cd(aoym sqa ncobc hqay{m wcb cn{{jch `m Jm%kba{hm hm{hk{cim(

Ycà* a{{ybeba{bym, sqa wc{ {bqay {c wc{ya hm (na{{{moea{cim bc{hw{%a ah echyaha{ r iac{{m``c{,* a nch wqaym%awaobcèahya ia {a`bata omh emybtm ia `c y{chebbmh iaèchim w{abiahobc`( @m Omkba{hm ia `m Aycim Qhbimia Cea{boc, ia C{jahybhc, ia` K{cbb, ia Km`btbc, ia Onbà,ia Om`mekbc,* ia D{chobc r ia` Q{qjqcr iabjhc{m{b Aekc%lcic Awaobcà sqa `m {(aw{aahycah ah `m coy%q mdbobc%à c sqa csqa``c i,b,4 Bhjc{( _q _chybici a` Wcwc co{(aibym*ah aa ` oc{coy a{ ia Hqhobm ci A~oaàhybbem adbm{ Emhadbm{Tcc``m ib *B*m{{aj{mc( Ah `c ebec mwm{yqhbici tbbyc%{mh hqay{m wqa{ym qhbicia ia Bc ec{bhc ia jha`3{c k{b%ychboc, q{qjqcrc r k{cbàdbc, @m cjcclm mdbobcà r wm%wq`c{a ia sqa dqa{mh mklaym `m b3q`y{ax nqawaia, cyayb%jqc{mh a`moqahya{hahya a` cw{aobm och sqa dqa{mh comjbicych a~w{ abtc om{ya%`c ia csqa3`m Omkba{hm cebjm*_(


25/77

@m Jmkba{hm cebjm ia `c C{jahybhc r Onbà nchwqaym c ibwmbobmh iaeqay{m oayqibchya iba| r hqatakaoc ah q bhobyqobmha ia ahadbch|c eb`byc{, mha%aa` w{b%ea{m r monm a`` ajqhim, ra` ia `m Aycim Qhbim yce%kbah 33c md{aobim qhc w`c|c ah 3c Aoqa`c ia Eaibob{bc iaZcnbhjymh r ab %ah 3c ia _a{tbobm Ca{ am, wc{c (hqay{mmdbobcà, Wc{ b{{ya{{haibm ia q @ajcob4h ah ayc nc a~w{a%cim bjqc`{hahya sqa ta{bc omh cj{cim %a ` bhj{am ia ocia%ya ia hqay{c ec{ bhc t a h `c aoqa`c hctcà ia* yaàj{c%dbc bh nb`m,

Ncobahic qm ia mdb{aobebahym chc`mj m chya{bm{a,dha (ahtbcim c Aycim Qhbim, wc{c bhj{ac{ (ah qhc ia VcAoqa`c ia _a{tbobm, qh mdbobc` ia 3c ec{bhc hcybmhc`(

0y,

A` Jmkb%a{hm nc ajqbim och tbT37 bhya{ a `m y{ckclmia m{jchb|cobmh iadbhbybtc ia `c @bjc ia Bc Hcobmha( C`c W{b{ha{c Cc{hkàc Oaha{c` sqa a {aqhbm ah Jbh,ak{c *ia`B _ ia hmtb,aek{(a c3 3> ia {`bobaek{a q`ybem, *omhoq{{bm,ah~qay{c {aw{ aahycobmh, a` adbm{ Ebeby {m I{( Naoym{ Ta%`c|sqa|( T, N( ayc ah chyaoaiahya ia Bc coybyqi ia hqa%33+7 Iaàjc{òah ybh bewm{ ychya {aqhbmh( _mk{a aa wc{yb%oq`c{, o cka{ha {abya {c{ c%sqb 3c3? iao`c{cobm{ba *naonc chyaa` Nmhm{ckà _ahcim wm{ a` ah%m{ Ebhby{m i a [a`cmbmha*k ( Tahobic rc `c bajqhic,sqa om{{awmhia c 373 ab eaa yy`ybem ia 32;73, eahyc c4l(:47 d{choa m{m asqbtcàhya c 3;(372(:1 i4`c{a cea{boc%*33S_( Ah cia`c,hyaa{# al a{obobm dbhchoba{m om{{a{c ia`* {Mi a aha{m c3 ?B ia iboba{hk{a(@c Cc{hkàc ia Jbhan{c nc cw{mkcim a` W{aqwqaymwc{c B2;3( Ia coqa{im omh Vc iby{ bkqobmh5%sqa _by ncmaah Bc dm{ec iaya{{hbhcic wm{ a` Wcoym ia `c @bjc ia `cHcobmh a, a iaob{,mk{a `c eb{hc kca ia `c iby{bkqobmhia%Bm#_ jcym ia Bc Qhb4,x Wmyc` Qhbta{c`%a%a` Wc{cjqcr,o`cbdbocim %ahy{ a `m Aycim ia (a~yc ocyajm{bc, iaka ckm%

,.; 4

-


26/77

hc{ 3;1(777 d{choa m{m, xsqbtco`ahya c ;1( BB2(32 (imbc{acea{bochm(

AB iac{{m``m *ia `c coobmh ia Bc @bjc r Bc o{acobmh iahqatc m{jchb|cobmha iba a``c iawahibahya, ncoah w{ata{sqa `m jcym yahia{ch c cqeahyc{( Ayc w{atbbmh r %`cwmbkb`bici ia sqa ncrc Aycim oqrm W{ aqwqaym% {bysqba{ch cqeb{ ac {awmhckb bicia w{mjhabtc, (nch ia*


27/77

{aw{aahycim *a,h a``c wm{ a` e`*_BYBM iaàj cim imoym{ Naoym{Ta`c|sqa|(_a nc dblcim iadbhbybtc{{qahya wc{c a` ea ia moyqk{a

w{m~bem Bc {aqhbmh ia YBcya{ma{c abmh ia *``c Omhda {ahobck3ya`{hc*obmhc` ia Y*{ckclm( Ah b`c w{b{ha{c, oaàk{c ic ahPTcnbhj6ymh, c dbha ia 3232, a mmho`qra{m{b oqcy{m O733%ta{{obm{ba( A` Wmia{ Al aoqybtm `c nc ahtbcim mwm{ yqhc%(eahya c T( N( wc{c q(om{{bia{cobmh r m ahoc{aoa `c O733%tahbahobc ia y{cyc{`c c `c k{ataici wmbkà,

Hqay{c oqaybmh ia `bebya*_ omhyfhqc bahim mkl aym iaw{ ada{ ah ya cyahobmh ia wc{ya ia` Omkba{hm( @c byqcobmhqh ychym chm{ec` o{%acic ah Km`btbc wc{ 37q`y bem camh%yaobeba`3ym wmSdybom, `nc bhd a{ {q ewbim wm{ a` em{haqym aòq{m {ajq`c{ ia `c j(aybmha( Wqaim bhdm{{hc{, qhc ta|ec6 sqa a``c (aych kbah ahoc{hbhcic r wa{{hbyah awa{c{%qh hm àlchm ctahbebahym sqa ommcj {a `m ia{aonm ia`c Wc{%ya(

A` Y{cycim ia {>:4 ayckàoa `c ebyci ia 3c om{{{ah{aLa` oc{bc` w{bhobwc`* ia `m { bm Wc{chc r Wc{cjqcr omem`bebya ae|{%a hqay{m wcb r `c C{jahybhc, r a` imebhbm ia`c b`c a iadbhb{c aj`3*33 q + 1 3 yqcobmh ec w{m~bec c3 ya%{{bym{bm imaqhm Q my{m omhy{cyc{bya, omhi{mbmh sqa ncr .Dyota{bdboc{ wc{c `c cilqibocobmh iadbhb ybtc ia `c* ebec, Ah( `c {ajbmh moobiahyc`, Bc `bhac B{m{{ya{b|c a a` ochc` w{{qob%wc`` ia`` Wbòmecrm, wc{c oqrc iaya{ebhcobmh a nch {oc`b%|cim rc 337y{ckclm yaoebom om{{ awmhib ahya (

A` Y{cycim ia 3>:; mebyb4 Bjqcnhahya a yckàoa{ `c`bhac c` Hm{ya ia `c{baaekmociq{c ia` [bm Cwc r a` im{hb%qbm ia `c b`c ia` C`ym Wc{cjqcr(

Ah Vc iakbic mwo{yqh{ici (a {ambta{ ch ayc oqa ybm%hma, Qm sqa, icic `c c{hbymc ta`cobmha och `m wcba


28/77

Hqay{m Omkba{hm nc aycim { aw{aahycim mdbmbcèah%ya aha` _awybem Omhj{ am B{{ya{hcobmhc` ia %`c YLhx4h W4%yc` Qhbta{c` oa*àk{cim *ah Eci{bi a` 3 Bia Moyqk{ a ia32;76 ah `c {aqhbmh ia Bc Ya{oa{h Om{hbbmh Bhya{{bcobmhciaqoc{*jcic ia {atbc{ `c hmeaho`cyq{c ia `c ahda{{haic%ia r i a Vc o cqc ima eha{ya, adaoyqcic ah Wc,` *R_ 0 a ` B B *iaMoyqk{ a ia`` ebem cdbm 6 ah a` W{bea{ Omhj{(am Mimhym`m%jbom @cybhm Cea{bochc { aqhbim ah Emhyatbiam ,iba` * 3? c c` ?3 ia Moyq%k{ a q ybem(

Nch bim wmya{jcim wc{c a` w{m~bem ea ia Cjmyma` Omhj{ am Wmyc` Wchcea{bochm, r wc{c ac {ha ia L qhbmia` 2;; a` ^^ Omhj {am, Bhya{hcobmhc(` ia Cea{ boc hbyc(

Yc{hkbah dqa wmya{jcic `c {aqhbmh ia Iaàjcim ia`m wcba bjhcyc{ba ia Bc Omhtahobmh {a`cybtc c `c a~w`m%{cobmh ia `m Bmom iam`{bjah ia `c `chjmyc, `c sqa iakb 7ad aoyqc{(a ah ayc Ocwbyc` a` ea ia Cjmym q`ybem,

Na{hm bim bhtbycim c omhoq{{b{ c `c Omhba{ahobc Bh%ya {hcobmhc` sqa wc{c omhbia{c{ `m cwaoym bhy a{hcobmhc%

- à ia sc omeqhbocobmh wm{ yaàj{cdm r yaàbmhm a { aqhb{cw{4~beceahya ah Zcnbhj(ymh 6 c Bc Omhda{ ahobc Bhyo{hc%obmhc` sqa *_aoaàk{c{c ah Wc{b a` {ha ia Ecrm w{m~bemwc{c a` ayqibm ia `cawb|mmybc 6 c` _ajqhim Omhj{am Bh%ya{hcobmhc` wc{c Bc w{myaoobmh ia `c bhdchobc sqa ya{bi{c`cjcm{ ah K{qa` *c3_ ia` 3> c` ;3 ia Lqb`bm ia aya chc(

Ob{oqhychobc a~y{cdbc c hqay{m iaam hm bhhwb%iba{me ahtbc{ Iaàjc im c(y`c Omhda{ ahobc B{byaecobmhc` ia`Y{ckclm *ah a` ec{ oaàk{cim ah Jahmtc r omhoq{{b{ c Bca~wmbobmh chqc` ia *w{miqoym ia àona{bc r ia `c mk{c ia`kbahayc{ ia` Hbhm c `c sqa dqb`{hI* bhtbycim wm{ b{aya{{ha%ibm ia `c @aj cobmh Cea{bochc ((

Ibdbob{`ycia ia bhimà wc{yboq`c{ b{hwbiba{mh c` Iaà%


29/77

jcic iabj{bcim wm{ hqay{m Jmkba{hm cbyb{ c Bc Cc{h%kàc J a ` 3 b d { c ` ia` Bhybyqya Bhya{hcobmhc` i a Cj{boq`yq{cadaoyqcic *ah %[mhbc a `` ? ia Hmtba{hk{a i a 3(2;7(

Yc{hwmom wqib{hm i a b j h c { Iaàjcim c` Iaobemsqbhym Omhj{ am Bhya{hcobmhc*` omhh{c a` cbomnm`bem c` sqaBqb{hm bhtbyc{`m wm{ i Omkbaem Cea{bochm, hb c *`c Omh%da{ahobc Bhya{hcobmhc` ia Sqbeboc ia` ;; c6` ;9 ia L qhbm( q`ybem(

C o c q c ia` {ayc{im omh s q a {aj{am ia W q h y c { a h c c _chybcjm, h q a y { m A{hkclcim{ A w a o b c ` 3337 wqim cbyb{ c`c y{c{{eibmh ia` e c h i m w{aabia{{obc*` ia Onbà(

Cooaibahim c qhc bhtbycobmhaxwaob*cL` (ia `c Om{hbbmhHcobmhc` M{jchb|cim{c, r o m e m qh nm{{bahcla c *`bc eaem%{bc ia` w{ooa{ sqa, *ah qoc{coya{ ia W{abia{{ya ia


30/77

Hmtba{hk{a ia B2;7 wm{ hqay{m Ia`ajcic c` _awyb{hm Omh%j{am Bh{a{hcobmhc` ia `c Qhbmh Qhbta{c` ia Om{{(am(

_a nc{`ch c `c oohbia{cobmh ia T( N(< a` Y{cycim m%*n{a tbclchy a i a Om{ha{obm, omh `m Aycim Qhbim ia Cea%{boc r la` Omhtahbm wc{c a` ayck`aobebahym ia qh dmhim 333%ya{hc*obmhc` ia m{m ah oqymibc, och a *` ebem wcb(

Omh emybta ia `c aoca| ia y{bjm r nc{bhc r cey a `cibwmbobm{ba w{mnbkbybtc ia `c (a~wo{ycobmh iboycic wMb{a*3Omkba{hm C{jah{y


31/77

@m Omhq`cim Hcobmhcb`a ah a` baooy{chla{m, (awaobc`%eahya `mayck`aiim a*h c`jqhm wcbaaq{ mwam(nch {ac%Bb|cim qhc coybtc ocewcdbc ia w{mwcjchic c dctm{ ia 3 c bh%ebj{cobmh c hqay{m wcb( A~by a a` w{mwmbym ia Lhyahb%dboc{ %am y{ckclm ah `c eaibic sqa 3 %7 wa{ ebych `m {aoq{%m ia sqa a wqaic ibwmha{(

Omem kca ia Vc m{jchb|cobmh omhq`c{ coyqc`, iakaeahobm{{c{a ,a Iao{aym ia` W( A(, H( B;(4>;, ia ,daonc ;?.Ba Ibobaek{(a ia B2;7, wm{a` sqa, *ah 37 qoabtm, hMba coha%ibyc{c ec ia qhc< mdbobhc omhq`c{ ,ah ye eb{hm Bqjc{tc %tm *`ca~oawobm{ba ahqea{cic (ah a` eb{hm iao{aym, hb nc%k{c ec i a qh Omhq`cim Jaha{c` *ah qh ebem wcb(


32/77

NCOÀHIC

@c aomhm{hbc {hmia{hc a ia oc{coya{ ahbkà{hahyabhya{hcobmhc`C hqay{m wcb yc{hkbah, a` ec càlcim ia `m j{chia

oahy{ m bhiqy{bcà r* omea{obcà, nc `*àjcio %a` m{acla ia`c zcyc `,acicwy,cobmh aomhm{hboc sqa t s a mwa{c coyqcèah%ya ah `c hcobmhc {hc* j{chia ia# eqhim( w{miqobahim aah a ` ( omem qhc {awa{oqbm{b {aemyc, a` eb{hm w{ moam ia`c o{bb aomhm{hboc sqa ah csqaNc a ta{bdba(

Qhc ia{hchic c{ ybdbobc`, nbwa{y{mdbcic wm{ (ob{o(qhych%obc


33/77

% ]


34/77

6{q(ay{B*


35/77

r * dc ia tah oda{ ah awa{c oda w{a obm, ec ta{{yclmm a@Y (aA`emeahoa ia `c {


36/77

@m {aoq{m bhj{acim %ah Yam{a{bc qec{mh )

?:(;;2(;>:( [ckbc, wqa, qhc ib{hbhqobmh adaaybtc S . = < ).L(BB>2_> ia a``( Wa{m, omem ah aya aeay{ a a (bhj{ac%{mh 172B * %??> { aocqicim %ah a` chya{bm{ wm{ `c cj ahobc(ia` Kc`YBOMCj{bom`c, `m eaibc ibwmhbk`a ia `c Yaa{a{bccqeahyc{m` ] atahyqc`eahya wc{ %aa omhoawym,

Ecrm{ iao{aobebahym ymictbc ( a citqa{y(a ,ah `m bhj{a%7(472 ] ) m`6 ah %a` ajqhim m`cea hy a ) %?;4%941 mU(Wc{c omhy{c{{ayc{ adaoy m ych iadctm{ckba( wc{c a`](+a%{c%{bm, Vc cieb(h


37/77

DBHCH\C HCOBMHC@Ala{obobm 32;7 : 3-; ` 3aax*55555

P *(

M{ m Wcwa` WcwaU

_, (9:( , ( B + (4+ (>67,]; B 14q B % % 3 \ . " , jb`= (777 %*,">>,;:1,?" L ,>:1MMM(x

M{m.U+_BM) cqya{bc(icWa{mhc`( (((( * , ( *Ecya{bc`( , , , , , ( , , , ((( , , , ( , ( , * ,Ia qi c W qk `boc ++ , , *, ( , + , ((((( , (( ((( , ( ( (([ao:B3m Oc o*` -cim_xj%v+h @ar H( ?>7 (((( , , ( , * ,* ( , ( , (((( , ((( , , (( * (([a_`b``c{bm {`x *dc Jasybm``[ao(b{m wOL *0 6 , b kb iqK ( , (, ,Whjm m{i*ahcim( ( , * ( , , * , (

Omhto`b.*"`` .tahyc ia m{m"(Ix-b ` *:b l( d -.-a, o bcm (

( (

.b>(9;?,_:(xj (3,3(>1(%B( B93>(3;1, x: ?4> ,:1 7BB


38/77

IAQIC WQK@BOCAycim 6; %92`" (

6*:? % ? 9B_2>7%;?(494(92 :_9x>9(14( ( ( ( B B 13U>77(%,"Bx777(%6 (?:1(777(%*

4(777(777( ]%%%B 32 6y


39/77

Mh m 3% % x % % %

WcwaU+*b* H C *Hb| C ( + H C O LMH C @ l% 5 % 3 % % B *Joyby"U` dbhchoba{c ia 32;7-;3 Ia 34 CjBm( 0 3" L 1 Dk{.6`(( Me Wcwo`55x555*55555D555555xx555v`,-ym cqym{bacim_Djye @ar H( ?>77< ((( ( % ( ( ( (( (( (( (( (( (( (( (( ((J.Lsyhs ( - 3 - `ah ahbimW6j`_ h`ahcim ] ] ([o.+Zsm,d `+ahbn`(-71 ] ( ( ( ( (( ( (

O."L3:3a3Lx*{dL\ .tahyh ` b d y m{m" + (Iadboby ah M, : {% : ; LP%{M`*``x" i x `q ia`bi(( c` ?3 za Iboba(qk{a 32(% \M%(>7(x314(9IM2434(`L2S%979%2OLu37%4;7 ;9 B(Lmm(MMM(xxx

?43 ` l > % 3 % % 1 O L ?%P 9:7%?7? 7>xx(`*#."% ;;4 % ;( @`L4%3: :*1 .3 1;3(;1>(t "3"( "::9" 32:2 (< 6 % 7>S+ ; b ; ."MB :Q. ( 1>,x%x%%%%%%5% %%%%%%

1?;%??2%;7 ?>(4>l(;K9%27

33:(;(+">(4; V;:(:2 3:; % 1?

@k( 4?1( Mj7 %x


40/77

Wcwa`BH C H \CH C O BMH C @+ %%Jayby".b dbhchoba{c ia (32;7-;3 Ia 5B45C+,, *5y++m+,, *m56cB53_5D5k5{5m+,, *555M5x{mx]%% % % % % , %x] xcwa`6

4{m(>94(> 7;7(4;7*71 3(22?(>:(?9

3(14;(;:4(37?7(1>? *9>7(7;B(|m>(777 %%

L (14;(;:4 ,B ?3( =J3( 9>x7;((ml>(2?Iaoqkba{ym aha` Kchom ah `c [awqk`boc((((((((( 4;:*3*??(46" 122,14{4x:>Oqmyc ia Aewd.xybym%{>:.-:;, :(4 oqmyc c# ?{* ia6 Aha{m ia b2;B6( ++ ,( ]( %((((((((((((((( ?>1(>1?(:Oqmyc Aew{aybym `bk{c aya{ bhc 3(;17777, x1 oqa%( yc c` ? B ia Aha{m ia 32; B (

A{hw{ay bym ` bk{c aya{ bhc 3(;17(777( Emhym ia Bciaqic c` ? y ia Ibo baek{a 32;7 (Iabyic B`Bda33Z

Omhm`bicim ah ob{oq`cobmh (Iaqic * d`bLyc``y69(74 >(:999(277(3?1(:?

x(


41/77

y


42/77

_Q oqahyc *ah a*d a~ya{bm{( W{ba kbah, ymim am cwaoymia hqay{c byqcobmh dbhchoba{c raomhmeboc a {adàlch ah`c om`q{hhc * bjqbahya oy`rm ymycà, b omewc{cim omh`m ia` chc chya{bm{, qj ba{ah omho{ ayc ea{{ya omem a nccjqib|cim 3c o{bb ah ichc y{choq{{ bim( @`cec Bc cyah%obmh, bh aekc{jm, sqa %a` emtb{hbahym ia Ec{|m ia` cdbm *wc%cim bjqc`c ocb c` ia Dak{a{ m ia aya chc, r sqa iq{chya`m imoa eaa q`yb{hm `c obd{c ocb a asqbwc{ ch, 37 sqabhiboc{bc sqa `c( o{bb sqa hm y{ckclc ybaha `c eb{hc a~%w{abmh c` y{c ta ia `c Mdbobhc iq{chya ymim a` chc,

AHY[CIC_ xH M[M _A@@CIM32;7 Ya_.# *( J{c`< Dmhim Jmt( Jmew{c @ar H ;1>Ec{|m 47*1:?:: ;3 342% :;,292,1> 3 ; 9*9?:(32Ck{b` 47,31>*9; 37,1>?% `94 M *:2; :_(>,*bm( 32Ecrm 41 (49,? 1*29:92 39>*?91*??Lqhbm 01 3(4?9h>*9k

+

32(;7Ec{|mCk{bÈcrmlqhbmLq,`bmCjmym_ayba{hk{aMoyqk{aHmtbaek{aIbobaek{a32;3Aha{mDak{a{m

YB#8MR( Je`(>3( 7 7 : %?4:m` * b9>(7 93?9(;: > ( 4 74>,9;1(39::(4:4(4;3;,274,?9:1=;?%?;(2(?V(??::(??;(:9*9:`jk1342(9 4 3 (?3;>(jB:??

_C@ÌC_Tahyc

?;(44 :*113 3 : ( ? ?>(>73?9% ;:>(47322(;V : ( > ?3 > ? ( 2 4 7 ( 3 3, ;? : 11 ; 7 (22*:34(;7?4*9:: 47;?2211:>2(3 3 1*133>2 \;3 *::377(71;( L ?

9?


43/77

@c ja`yb4h m{ibhc{bc .ya` Kchom Cj{lom`c a d*ad3(a6cah`c obd{c aahobc`a%b %ba c kc`choa chqc`(_q ocwbyc` ia ?9(127(724< :2 a nc```c Raw{%aahycim ahBc bjqbahya dm{ec?< >:

29%9>2< 9>2;?(;2< 223(:>>(;9>< 9??(7:9(:7;< 7?BB: :2:< [(d

@1?4( ???5 4;;(37;(;21< ?:3(>73(77?< :4

Kchom Ea{achyb` r


44/77

y{c cj{boq`yq{c < *i yckcom om{hqh, *7, wq{c{hahya, hcobmhc`,Ayc Mdbobhc iaka{bc a~yahia{ q bhya{tahobmh c `c a~%

wm{ycobmh ia `c ra{kc ria *L(ca_Lahobc ia hc{chlc, sqa tchqd{bahim eahmockm ah BI_ ea{ocim r om{{ ah { bajm iawa{ia{`m wm({ q w{awc{cobmh WIOM oqbicimc r ec` omhy{ "%`cic *ah a` cwaoym bhiqy{ bc`(

Ahy{a `m w{miqoym dmeahycim wc{ a` Kchom, a` ecbewm{ychya a a` yckcom ia a{hb``c nckchc, wa{m, c wac{ia sqa a nc bhbobcim ncoa e c ia tabhya cdbm, hm nc wmib%im bhiawahib|c{a ia` yqya`cla ia` Kchom wm{ dc`yc ia bhb%obcybtc ah `m ba~wo{ycim{a, bah i m csqa` OI3337 *ah ,a L w{b%ea{ibc, q qhbom om{hw{cim{ ncyc nmr,( A` c`jmimh a iakcya wc{ àtchyc{a r dm{hahychim omhomhychobc, sqb|c ah awmoc hm àlchc Kajqa c omhybyqb{qh { ahj`mh nmh{mm ah `c w{miqmobmh hcobmhc`,

@c `bar ia a{ha{jahobc H( 912 iboycic% och a` dbh ia bh%yaj{c{ c Bc bhy byqobmha wqk`boc qa {aoq{m {ay aqbimwm{ U71 Kc{bom ah em{cym{bc, r dbhchobc`+ omh a` a~oaiahy awc{ya ia `c omaonc ia` w{aahya cdbm, nc icim hqatm b{qwq`%m c Bc coybtbici ia` ayckàobebahym(

Ah ayc yc{acaewahc*a cnm{c a` Kchom, om{hah|chimc om{hw{c{ y{a ia `m w{miqoym hmkà ia a~wm{ ycobmh < a`yckcom O M < h 3 Q h , a` iaaeN`c nckchc r a` c`jm,ia*33, Ah k{a%ta ya{{i{c ycekbah sqa cisqb{b{ ocdbc ia c|qoc{ wc{c mya%ha{ a` dhhobmhcebahym ia` bhjahbm ia Jqc{cekc{a, r moq%wc{ a t a h `m ia{hc dbha adbc`cim wm{ `c obycic àr iaaea{j ahmbc(+ C` Kchom Cj{bom`c a ia nc cj{ajcim chya ia cnm{c r,

qoabtc{hahya, om{hb bmha sqa hm omhiboah omh q dbhc*`b%ici, omem a3 a{tbobm ia `c Iaqic B{{ya{hc, r dqhobmha ia{amawym{bc ia {ahyc, c{hkc w{mwbc r ib{aoyc ia` Yam{m,Aym nc tahbo`m c y{ckc{ aq mocbmhaa` y{ckclm ia mdbobhcia q iawahiahobc r c bewaib{à cyahoà{ bh aekc{c|mq waoq`bc{ a mwa{cobmha,@c tbc`bici w.xk`boc sqa yc{hkbah o à ahomeahim, hmyqa cyahibic cew`bc{qohya wm{ B( y Bcbyc ia {aoq{ m < wa{*m hmnc ,bim iaoqbicic, dbjq{chim ahy{a q mk{c w{bhobwcòa` *c{ {aj`m r omha{tcobmh ia` ocebhm ia Wc{cjqc{b c Oc{c%wajqc, `m wc m ia `c Om{ibbà{c r i ocebhm ia Cqhobmhc _ch @m{ah|m ia` Ocewm J{chia, ymim `m oqcà a ah%oqahy{ch nmr w{coybockà(

91

,


45/77

AB emtbebahym ia `c Mdbobhc ia Bewqaym Bhya{hawqaia a{ wm{eahm{b|cim omem bjqa(777_a a~w`boc, wqataU oq{hq`m ia y{ckclm sqa wac ck{a

`c Omebbmh Ctc`qcim{c r a` a{hwadbm sqa nck{bc sqa iac%3 {m``c{ wc{c c ybdcoa{ `c a~bj ahobc ia `c àr ah ych om{ ymw`c|m(

@c Mdbobhc ia Ec{%oc ia Dck{boc r ia Omea{obm, cha~cc ayc {awc{ ybobmh, y{cyc ia hm{{hc`b|c{ q dqhobm{bcebahym(Ah `c daonc `3atc {ajby{cim 9(:dB {hc{oc( @c àr ia 3cecya{bc a c{ocboc romhtbaha qybyqb{`c wm{ my{c sqa 6ayaec ah c{%eahbc omh `m y{cycim R omhtahbm %a~by ahya(

@c cw`bocobmh ia `c hqatc *àu+a bewmbybtc r a` L{ aoqah ym a bhtah yc{bm ia `m tc`m{ a iby{bkqbim wm{ `mibybhym wqhyc ia 0 Uc [awqk`boc, ckm{k%ah ahayc {hm%ea{hym `c cy ahobmh Bi a `c Mdbobhc(

@c ibonm chya{bm{eawya coa{oc ia` emtbebahym ia `c[ahyc ia B{hwqaym Bhy a{hm a w{aobc r iayck`c ah `moqci{ m bjqbahya sqa omhtba{ba bhom{wm{c{ c ayaeahclawm{sqa, cwc{ ya q mwm{ yqhbici icim a` emeahyc dbhc hoba{ma3 3 sqa ayc{hm, wqaiah ya{ba{ wc{yboq`c{ bhya{ a r qyb`bici,ah a` ahybim i a `m cqhym sqa yohi{c sqa omhbia{c{R( N( ah a` w{aah ya wa{bIim ia abmqa(


47/77

Oqci{m omewc{cybta ia `ms [aoq{o Ocòq`cim ah a`* Cha~m N ia` W{aqwqa ymn `` w h a sy m s B BB ym {E>

, Omhy{bkqobmh Ya{{bym{bc`( , ( < (; Cibobmhc`((( ( , (? + Eq`yc ia Omhy{bkq obm h Ya{{bym{bc` (9 Wcwa` _a``cim (1 Aycewb``c Omeo{obcà *(* , (4 Wcwa` _a``co`m wc{c Eq`yc < (: Ybek{a ia OMh_ *Q337 Bhya{ha x> Wcyahya ia _chbo`ci((( ( (( ( ((2 B{hwqaym mk{a _qoabmha (d 7 Bewhaym _chbyc{bm , , (L B Bewqaym c` Còmnm`((( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( (3; Bewqaym mk{a Kcb a r Ibta{bmha(((( ( ( (l? [ajby{m ia Ec{oc , (( , (39 Bewqaym c` Jchcim (31 Bewqaym c `c Oa{ta|c .ta{ bhoba >" (x4 B{hwqaym tc{bm ( ( (( ( (3: B{hwqaym kxhcbhbahy" (

[aoq{m ocòq`cimM{m a ` co m Oq{m àjc`

4(777(777(%?(777(777(%;1mmm7x{ (177 %(77 (%3(>77(777(%

3;1(777(%;;77(777(%%

3;(777(%3777(777,%

_ (777(%>(777(777(%

317(777(%?77(777(%

; 1 7 ( 7 7 7 (%

[aoc:3icimhqM{m a ` cim

?1>;(4??(?3>*??

?1(17

(Oq{m àjc `4(1:?(221(;2;*9??(437(3:?>;(43:(;2;(39(7;1( 479( ; ? ; ( 2 ; 7 ( 3 2

2 9 ( 2 2 4(21;(;27(731;( %


48/77

. (

.O 7 H YBH Q ~ o BMH"( b = %a ` L y 3 + _M_ .*còq`cims

B yOB `Q * _M_ *_c ` ` c % * bI_ M{m ab cim OQB*_M àjc`3 > m( (m m{ " ( %4,7(7(77(%;:7(777(%6jmm(777(%

JQv_S àjc`@mya{bc Hcobmhc` , (

(; Wahbmha ]% %(] ] (? AwaJycOQ * Vm Wqk`bom P ] < (%9 Bewqaya c `c Oa{ta|c ( ( ((((((((((((((((1 Bewqaym Cibobmhc` .Ciqchcu *( ( ((4 BmZBwqa ym (ia ) 1(% a``( wm{ (mk{a{m r aew{ac: d(ewqaym Cibobmhc Bewm{ycobmh r Axwm{ycob4h

993(;2?(?9: : 7 : 9 4 1;;(?(>?9*%j>9;:%

?(777(777(%

99*3v"(*777%[a_ y `Q ÒBB

9 Bewhaym Bhya{ha (* + , + (%,+ ( ;*(777(%% ?1(>4;(777(%%( 9%(9,37 ,(S+MM(% (; ( 3h(397(?1

;(777(% ??(?*73(19(;(;7,A` qwa{ctby ah o` {qk{m ia aycewb``c om{ha{obcà w{mtbaha ia ncka{a wa{obkbim och o`bona tc` m{a a` bewhaym c `c( oc{hacic ebahy{c hm a ibwm{{bc ia`m n.#`(mm a


49/77

, L*+ * +(, +( 3l+ (x 8

,oqci{(m((omxwc{xybtm ia `c {aocqicoymha ia dc mdbobhc ia Bewqacym Bhya{haiq{chya (371 Cb`m Bx{V2 r 32;7(q#m

( x % rx ] B

"`BB`hq*ym . * ` B ya ` *hm

Omhy{bkqobmh Ya{{bym{bc` + (((( , (( , ,(, * Cibobwhc` (( , ( * , , , , , (*, (( *( , , (( * , (EqNc ia Omhy{bkqobmh Ya{{bym{bc`, , , < , * ( , * ((Wcwa` %_o``cim ((( (* ( , (( , , , , , ( , ( ( ( (( (*A>ycewb``c Om{{ba{obc`a (( , +(, ,


50/77

A yceqbah ia qy{`bici ah aya {awaoym ncma{ ta{ *omem nc iao{aobimBc {ahyc ciqcha{cah a` ajqhim a{hay{a ia` chc(A` oqci{m bjqbahya 37 iboa(

[aocqicobmhas Ciqcha{cs iq{chya `ms ea(sas ia Cjmsym 32;7 c B *ak{a{m 32;3,* bho`qsbta%( Bjmym _aybaek{a Moyhk{a Hmtbaek{a Ibobaek{a Aha{m *( Dak{a{mCIQCHC_ B B B ` ` B B{m ( o-àjc` m{m o-àjc` 737 o- Bajc` m{m o-àjc` m{m o-àjc` m{m o-àjc` m{m o-àjc`

Ocwbyc`( ( *,* < (( + + ( ( L ; + + ( 7 ; 7 ( : 7 3 + ( ; 7 3 ?(421(973(9O ::3;>(9? 9(?;a(1266(x:Z;4?(2_# =3:%#(;Q_1 97 4;7(W*: , * * * x y 2 : * %x,_?d(x:=,3:92>;;(29 S,9;?(7b:(>9Omhoawobmh * (* , 4 (92;( 42 ?x, 127, ;7 ; (:;4 ,2; 27,2:3(2L ;(?22(?; :7,4;7,:1 9(4:7*>1 11(?:2(>3 1,139,QM 1: ,7 4 W( :: 9 6 1 72 (2 9 ?1,7>.*3; U(?99,92 3%7:(>?> (:3Ahoc{hcobmh< (( , 3;2>2(x: 3?:(32?*:: >(>4L,29 ;;(2>:(1x 31:>:(>2 4;(43(?: 34;91(37 ?;(?:;(43y >3E2 3?,234P`;. ;41(! ;x(:7> (31 33777( 77 ?7( 777( 77Wb`c{( 7(+ ?4> (x? 3:(733(19 ;(737(23 39(913,1 2?1(3? ?:7233(?> 341(O9

{

3>(::9(2& `;9?*(79 9?(?99(?3 97,29 ;>(7;x(*3 ; (3;>( 9: 31 (*` 1> (3;Crm`cs ((((( , 3 4>:,>7 B _* (S 192(2.6 39(29 c_W(41 332(21 ;*(;97,44 ;3 ( % B 17>(% 2W,% ;(1:4*:1 @*;1:(xMNQBBu0P byc ( , 2;,;: 43(>x :;,.`9 ;(7;7( *37 9(2:2(47 `Z(*64, 1:1(>1 314,7;

PTb ayc ((( * ,,+ :4(>1 3(2>?,23 ` (49;(7: ( 9(3iM(:Q 99(?2 33x,31 22(9?[im, T( [mc{bm ?:4(73 >3:(?9 971(>* 41?(11 429(:9 _9=b4 919(xJ%Ymyc a (((( P + + + + P ` B P ;(;{q`(44>(>1 43>>W(*?? ?(Kx>(2::(29 2>39;(;2 9(922,>;7,y*N >7997(42 ?,;2b`(;937U 4;(?h


51/77

+@c ia{hc iawahiahobc ia (aya Ebhbya{bm nch y{c%oIclcim (a` cdbm y{choq{ {bim amh {ajq`c{bici, wa{o q `ckm{b37 *Wqim ncka{ bim w{mwbceahya omhy{qoybtc, omhbybahimw{bhobwcnhahya t a h y{c{hbycobmha ia mdbobhc( A` Iawc{yc%eahym %Hcobmhc` ia Bhjahba{m omhcj{c{c q bheaibcyccoybtbici c qhc bhwaoobmh ia Lo{ mk{c ia `J_ ibybhymwd`a{ym sqa, wm{ ob{ oqhychmbctomhmobic, (nc%h sqaicimqwahibic, R < a% ta{c (B echa{c ia om{{yb{bqc{ `c n\,_y3ya{e{hc{`c, 7, wmy+ 37 e(ahm, nckb`byc|`cah 37 wmbk`a, wc%w b< 2,`y0a xacy` wqayc xh %mwa{(;` obSh(

Cwc{ya ia aym r ,ia,ala,yo,a{ q comyqek{cic b{{ya{tah%i4x3 {qa cam{cebahym yaohbom, a` Iawc{yceahym a iaiboc%{c c` y{ckcl 7 ia w{awc{cobmh r ayqibm ia mk{c wqk`boc,sqa ayc ciebhb*y{cobmh a (adm{|c{c wm{ { ac`b|c{ *ah `m


52/77

Ahy{a ychym `c Ib{aoobmh och cjc| ib`bjahobc a a%

dqa{|c wm{ cybdcoa{ 3731 dbha ia mq bhybyqya r nc wqk`b%ocim {hmhmj{cdbc aycibybac mk{ a oqaybmha bhya{ ach%ya ia hqay{c iaemj{cdbc r ia hqay{m bhya{ocekbm om%ea{ obc`, bahim ia awa{c{ ah k{ata `c {ac wc{b%obmh iaL` chqc%{bm sqa ych tc`bmc bhdm{{hcobmha omhy ahbc wc{c %a` omhm%obebahym a~coym ia hqay{m wcb(

@c Ib{aoobmh ia Yba{{c r Om`m`3bca ajq{ceah{yaqhc ia Bc iawahiahobc ci{hbhby {c(ybtc ec w{aybj bmcah a`wcb wm{ `c `ckm{ aha{jboc r coy btc iba q lada, r wc{`c bhim`a awaobc` ia q jaybmh, ya{bbahim omem yba{ba imdqhobmha{ ych bewm{ychya< `c ciebhby{cobmh ia `c yba{{cwqk`boc ra`` dm{hahym i a `c bhebj{cob4h ah qh wcb ah sqa`c oqaybmh ia ncjc{ r wmk`cobmh mh ych nmhiceahya aah%ic`a(

@c coybtbici ia ayc Mdbobhc a omhmobic, wqai(a iaob{%a, c` ibc *U*`m{ Bc bhdm{eco


53/77

LQ_YBOBC, OQ@ YM A `H_Y#0QOOVMH WqK@BOC

LQ_YBOBC*Ab W(mia{ L qibobc` iaahtqa`tc hm{ ec`eahya _33 coyb%

tbici ia{by{ m ia `c (hqatc Bara sqa 37 {bjah(_qd{a(, bhaekc{


54/77

@c dc`yc ia y


55/77

ecrm{ iahbici ia* wmk`cobmh r wm{ omhbjqbahya ia ecrm{emtbebahym iaemj{cdbom(

@c Mdbobhc ia `c Ib{amobmh Jaha{c`# nch bia y{c`c%icic c qq *`moc` ec oahy{bom r cew`bm imhia aych omhta%hbahyaeahya bhyc`cic(

@c ia`bocic Bqhobmha ia `c Ao{bkchbc Ecrm{ ia Jm%kba{hm a* nc``ch iakbiceahya a{tbic wm{ _y` wa{mhc` cxo%yqc`, _o b emtb{hbahym ia mdbobhc a ocic ta| ecrm{, wm{ a`cq{hahym ia `m bhy{qeahym wqk`bom w{mymom`b|cim ahq [ajby{m, ahy{a *`m sqa a oqahych wm{ q o{aobim hq%ea{m `m ybyq`m mym{jcim wm{ `m b`mya om`mhbcà(

OQ@YMA3 Jmkba{hm bjqa w{aychim c `c bjbàbc a`cwmrm sqa,

`c ob{oqhychobc 3 7 omhbahyah(Wc{ *`c *àr H( 979 a com{im c `c Oq{bc qhc cbjhcobm{{

sqa ah {{bahqc`bicia ia BM(MMM iq{chya a` ya{{hbhm ia obh%om cdbm echyc 477 (777 wam, wc{c `c ya{ebhcob4h ia` Wc%`cobm Awbomwc`( Qhc aoobmh ia` aibdbobm ,ayc rc ya{{hbhcic,37 sqa nc wa{ebybim a bhycàh ah `moc` w{mwbm `c MdbobhcAoàbcyboc r sqa%a` _ahm{ Mkbwm Ibmoachm yahjc qhcbmlcebahym ibj{bmia q bhtaybiq{c,

@c qec iaybhcic c {awc{cobmha (ia` Bmoc` ia` _aeb%hc{bm Omhob bc{ nc bim ahy{ajcic radaoyqcim `m c{{aj`mia q{j ahobc( Ah ibonm Ayckàobebah ym c yahibimwm{ bayaw{mdamha nch oq{cim ah a` cdbm dacaobim ;> c`qehm nc%,- ,( kbahim {aobkbim 4{iaha ecrm{a, *a *iaob{ bahim bhybyqbimcoa{imya, ybhc ia aìm,Ah a` Omàjbm Wbm @cybhm C{ha{ bochm %ia [m{hc bjqah`c oc{{a{c (aoàbcyboc im ayqibchya wc{cjqcrmc r ah a`_aebhc{*bm ia _chybcjm ia Onbà my{m im (( Qhm ia `m sqaBqa{mh c Awcdbc a bhom{wm{4 iakbiceahy a cqym{b|cim c BcOm


56/77

{aiqoobmh ia OP%`6b`3j336"Ox ah n :(73Q ia` (*P`ym* Wc{cqc bjqacia`chya,,3 _adbm{ Mkbwm Ibmoachm {ac`b|a q comyq{hk{cicl({c w(by m{cò c `c wmk(cobmho ia` bhya{bm{ ah q Bqh%obmh a ia c{èbhby{cobmh ix `m bh ya{oa awb{byqcà r { a%`bjbmm sqa ò ayc omhdbcic(

BH_Y[QOOBMH WQK@BOCAh Pc Bhy{qoobmh qwa{bm{( nch (dqhobmhcim {ajq`c{%

eahya `c ia dcoq`ycia sq a bqyaj{cq `c @B {(bt a{bi cy`


57/77

l

Cyyh oqchic a3 w`ch ia ayqibm om{{awmhibahya c` obxim ia 3 c @boahobcyq{c a %ahoqahy{ c rc ah tbjm{ hm nc wmib%obc bew`chyc{a ncyc cnc{c a3 *ia` Immym{c im6 wc{ 337 omh%y(c{a cqh omh 37 ocyai{cybom sqa a yqtm ah t{yc omhy{c%yc{ wc{c cdbjqhc cbjhcyq{c sqa {asqba{ ah ayqibm awa%obc`b|cim r à bhtay bjcobmh ~`b{aoyc( (

@c Dcoq`yci ia Eaibobhc bjqa om{hwàychima wcq`c ]ybhc(eahya c eaibic sqa tc bahim imyco3cia `m aàeahymR qybia haoac{ bm,

Bhomh tahbahya hm mkt(~im ah _@` mwm{yqhbici bewb%iba{mh ya{ebhc`* `c jaybmha ia omqy{cycobmh ia im w{m%dam{a wc{c `m oq{m iaaya cdbm, awa{chima a{ch a``comho`qbic ah a `` coyqc`( _a iba{mh bhy{qoobmha (wc{c omh%ajhb{ qh w{mdam{ ia _aebmyboc t qh bha~w`bockà ec` ahB+ %%Byahibim nb|m sqa o3 omqy{cycim {aq`yca w{mdam{ ia S@xc6< cbjhcyq{c sqa hma{ch `c iaacic( A` Ebhb yo{bm O 3 + a % r < 3a{{ymhoa ealmy {aoybdboc { nmhm{cnà{hah{m a` ec` %a{byahib%im r w{majqb{ `c omhy{ cycobmh ia` owaobc`byc sqa a haoa%byc, {abya{ch{`m `c bhy{qoobmha om{{owmhibohya c hqa%y{c @ajcobmh ah Aq{mwc(

_a ayqibc #`c {odm{ec à` w`ch iak Aoqa `c ia Dc { ]echbc, OMh `c eb{c ia sqa `m ybyq`m sqa a``c mym{jc, 6 (O< *33337 m`m wcyahya ia ocwcobici yam{ boc, bhm ycekba{b yay b%{hmhbm *ia qhc w{ coyboc w{md*abmhh ` cybdcoym{ bc( Ah o< w{a%a{bya cdbm cocia{hbom a bhbobc{c `c w{beo{c wc{ya ia `c {a%dm{ec Oc`` Lc o{ acobmh ia qhc i(yai3+c ia W{cohoc Dc{{hc%oaqyboc (

( @m a~ceah a ia dbh ia OQY_M ia `c Dcoq`yci ia Eaib%obhc r `m ia Dc{{hcobc r `m ia Mkyay{ bobc nch icim `cbjqbahy a obd{c

Asoqa`c ia Mksyay{bobc

B; 3;;

(iw{mkcim k`_yb-|iahya Ymyc`?7 x ??


58/77

(


59/77

sqa aych Lbtbibic `c %o`ca ymdaybm{a qhbahim`c wc{c`m oq{m qwa{bm{a ah sqa a { asqba{a ` c m ahadbch|c a~%wa{beahyc` ,ah jckbhaya 7 `ckm{cym{ba(

@c wmk`bcob4haom`c{ cq{hahyc ia ibc ah ibc, u*hm mkychya Bc cyahobmh iaibocicà ychym wm{ `m jm%kba{hm chy(a{bm{a omem wm{ a` c%oyqc`, a` hq{ha{m ia%aoqa`c {bm kcyc c (nà{bc{ ,`chaoabicia *cw{aebchyasqa a a~wa{b{hahych ahayc {cec ia Bc bhy{qoobmh wq%k`boc( Iaò{aobim hqea{m ia hbdbm sqa wqaiah omhoq{ {b{ c`caoqa`c, qhc% j{ch wc{ya hm (còch|c c {aabkb{ q kaha%dbobh, iaasqb`bk{bm sqa a b{c coahyqchimomh a` ybaewmb hm a coqia c a`( @c m3qob4ha cqhym ia Bc hxcrm{ ibdb%(oq`yci( J{ch wc{ya ia `c wmk`cobmh {q{c` a nc``c iba{hbhc%o3c r {c{ceahya omqiahcic ah oca{bm cbàl cim ia `moahy{a q{kchm, c ec, a oc{aaa ia qdbobahya e{ea{m iaw{mdaymhc*à sqa wqaich a3`*o*c{jc{a ia `c Ib{aoobmh iaLc aoqa`c, wm{sqa Bc oc{{a{c ia` ecjbya{bm hm md{aoacy{coybtm c ocqc ia 37 ec` {a{hqha{cic ia 3c `ckm{ ck{aymim ah `c aoqa`c {q{cà,

Yc` aycim ia occ hm i a ka omhybhqc{ wc{ ec ybaewmr a` jmkbaem yb aha i w{mwmbym iaobibim ia { aeaibc{ baycta{icia{c o{bb6 ah sqa a iakcya `c aiqocobmh ah `c oce%wcdbc(

A` wa{mhc` ia `c ahadbch|c w{b{hc{ bc anc cjbycimq`yb{hceahya omem ckab, m{j chb|chim qh emtbebahym omha# w{mwmbym ia mkyaha{ ealm{c bh{haibcyc ah q cbjhc%obmha( Da`b|{hahy a iao`bhc{mh qhc coybyqi sqa ah qh w{bh%obwbm yqtm oba{ym oc{coya{ ia bhibobw`bhc ciebhby{y{ybtc r3c a~c`ycobmh w{mwbc ia ym im emtbebahym om àoybtm oaib4 c`c w{qiahya dbhha|c ia `c cqym{bicia {awaoybtc sqa atb%iahobc{mh c BI_ ecay{m sqa a` w{mkàec ia ealm{c{ `comhibobmha ia q %byqcobmh omem {c{hc ciebhby{cybtc( hma wqaia, hb iaka w`c{{yac{ ah `m ya{ebhq bew`byc ahsqa a dm{eq`c(h `c iaechic ia my{c o`ca ia {yyckclc%im{a,

Ah `c mwm{yqhbiciia w{miqob{a a` emtb{hbahym a` Jm%


60/77

nba{hm a~wqm q o{bya{bm r omhdb{{hm %q *w{m*#


61/77

% %,(,(x

Ao( H+B+B3+B0`à { Vc O`co ;0( c 9 4Aoqa`c J{c{`qcic Obqici ;;bi( bi( B Ocewchc 4: %_sD(oqa`c Aàeahycà Obqici >bi( bi Oc{hwchc 4: :1Aoqa`c [q{cà Obqici 2bi( bi( Ocewchc ?22 97>Aoqa`c Hmoyq{hc Obqic i ;bi( bi( Ocb`bwchc ; 9Doqo`c Oc{oa`c{bc Obqic{`bi ( bi( Ochs`cbLcYmyc` ((( 1>("

Ia ayc 1:< 1,,33 imkà Bh sqa asqbtcàh c B @l; bewà,eVB_ { ; ia abc, obc `B`# `m`c` ia L 319% aoqa`c ah `c [awqk boc(

5%%%%%:(1;?;m(>13(L

C`q{hhm bho{bwym ((((@i( a~c{ bhc{b` j ((

Ymycà (

x( B (x3 P 3 ( Ymyc`;B ;;

; 2 BB? { 9? 4 2; ?

37 ?3 " 92

B

Ecay{m {aobkbim ah 32;7

Ocwbyc`< , ,*Tb``c{{boc( *, , (, , (Ahoc{hcobmh( , , (( (( ( (Omhoawobmh (( , (( * , ( ( ( ( (Kcha{mJ{chia ,_ch Y qch Kyc( Ebbmha (( , (


62/77

Hqyyl(a{m ia c `qh6 # ` 3O3s bhoxbwnL`1 ah( `c s aoqa`c hm{ec(`x6 i a `c [awqk boc* ah 32;7

A_OQA@C_( Aoqa c Hm{ec`

bi(bi(bi(bi(bi,ba`(bi,bi(bi(

ia `c Ocwbyc` ] (( ]bi( bi(( ] ] (bi( bi(( (Tb``c{{boc (bi( ( ] (

Ahoc{hcobmh ( (( (bi( ( (

Omhoawobmh * ( ( (bi( ( (_ch Lqch Kyc( Ebbmha (Kc{{a{m J{chia ( ](* (Ymyc`

T( E(B 1 :9 ?3

;Y? ;>

;d9

@c @ar ia W{aqwqaym q`ybeceahya iboycic nc mdbobc%`b|(cim a` OQd_M Hm{ec` i a W{mdam{(a, sqa dqhobmhckc om%em bhybyqym w{btcim ia `c Cmobcobmh H( ia Ecay{m, 37sqa wa{{hbyb{c ic{à ecrm{ c{hw`byqi r ayckb`bici ~àdbhbyb%tc( 3 om{{awmhibahya w`ch ia ayqibm nc bim cw{mkcim ra nc``c ah cw`bocobmh,

C ec ia 37* (ayqibchya sqa( bjqah q oq{a ah `mayckàolebahym hcobmhcàc, oq{ ch ah a` a~ya{bm{ oqc{ah%yc omh a ` cq~b`bm *sqa Ba c`mch|c a` Ebhbya{bm ia Bc wc{ybic%{ awaoybtc(

_mh ayqibchy(a ia oc{{ a{c ibta{c< eaibobhc % 3>, w{m%dam{cim hm{ec` 4, mimhymb`mjbc 2, bhj ahba{bc 9, ka``c c{ya|, taya{bhc{bc 3(

Wm{ `c àr sqa {a{hmia`m `c bhy{qoobmh aaqhic{bc ahy>>2, `cahadbch|c ea{ochyb` iakbm ic{a ah oq{m beq`%ycham omh `m i a Lc ajqhic ahadbch|c, om{hwàychima omha``m, r iac{{m``chima ah 337 oqcy{m w{bea{m cdbm,

C wac{ ia `c {aj`c{hahycobmh ia ibonm ayqibm naoncah 327? , hm dqa wmbkà *qobyc{ ah Bm ayqibchya sqaa33,%


63/77

{aiqoobmh ia Ocbhjqco a{{ n |mhb ia` +y((LymWc{chc bjqac{à`chya(

3 _adbm{ Mkbwm Ibmoahc m {acLb|4 q comyqek{ciql ({c w(, ym{ cà c `c wmkcobmho {bi bhya{bm{ a`` q dqh%o{mha ia c i{q bh by{cobmh ia `m bhy a{oa awb{ byqc à r {o%`(jbmm sqa à ayc omhdbci6(

BH_Y[QOOBMH WQK@BOCAh `c Bhy{qoobmh qwa{bm{( nch (dqhobmhcim @{ajq`c{%

eahya( `c im dcoq`ycoà sqa bh yaj{(q< 303` x


64/77

Hqy{la{m ia cnyx` .3_ bhso6bwyms ah `cs acoha`c hm{ec(às i a `c [awqk`boc+ ah 32;7

A_OQA@(C_

bi(bi(bi(b0 3 (bi(bi(

ia `c Ocwbyc`(+ (bi( bi(( (bi( ì(( ,*, (Tb` c{{boc (((( ,(( , (( , , (+ bi ( (, , (, , (Ahoc{hcobmh (

bab( ( (Omhoawobmh (* (( ( (bi( ( (_ch Vqch Ayc( Ebbmha (Kc{{a{c J{chia (

Ymyc` , (

T( E(B 1:9 ?3

;B? ;>

;3(; b(; 4

9 %?9 99 9;9 3>9

Aoqa c Hm{ec`bi(bi(bab(bi(

@c @ar ia W{aqwqaym q`yb{hceahya iboycic nc mdbobc%bb|cim a` Oq{m Hm{ec` i`66 W{mdam{,a, sqa dqhobmhckc om%em bhybyqym w{btcim ia `c Cmobcobmh H( ia Ecay{m, 37sqa wa{{hbyb{c icia ecrm{ cew`byqi r ayckb`bici ~badbhbyb%tc( A` om{{ awmhibahya w`ch ia ayqibm nc bim cw{mkcim ra nc``c ah cw`bocobmh(

C ec ia 37* (ayqibchy a sqa bjqah q Òyq*_M_+ ah `mayck aobeba{bym hcobmhcà, oq{ ch ah a` a~ya{bm{ oqc{ ah%yc Oc` a` cq~b`bm *sqa Ba c`mch|c a` Ebhbya{ bm ia Bc wc{ybic%{awaoybtc(

_mh ayqibchya ia oc{{a{c ibta{c< {haibobhc 3> , w{m%dam{cim hm{ec` 4, mimhym`mjbc 2, bhjahba{bc 9, *ka``c c{ya;, taya{bhc{bc B(

Wc{ `c àr sqa {aemia34 `c bhy{qoobmh aoqhic{bc ahb>>2, `c ahadbch|c ea{ochyb` iakbm ic{a ah oq{m b{hq`%ycham omh `m, ia `c ajqhic a{badbch|c, om{hwàychima ocha``m, R iac{{m``chima (ah 3371 oqcy{m w{b{ha{m cdbm,

C wac{ ia `c {aj`c{hahycobmh ia ibonm ayqibc naoncah 327?( hm dqa wmbkà *qobyc{ ah `m ayqibchya sqa as%


65/77

P

y{cnch x xm om`ajbm hcobmhc`a{a , ahxbb637tmocobmhc`( 3 * 7 < %%immwyckc{b wm{ ikco(nbk


66/77

bh{wq`m a nc bho`qbim q`ybecea{bya qhc wchybic sqa *wa{{hb%yb{b bya{hcyb|c{ `c ec w{mtaonmc ea{{ya( @c aiqocobmhdbboc aom`c{ iaka om{{yw`ayc{a och* B


67/77

Iahy{m ia `m {aoq{m ibwmhbk`a a nch naonm ah%chona ah `c bhyc`cobmh a ia` Lc{ibh \mm`mjbom, c{ba~m c3Wc{sqa r Eqam ia Nbym{bc Hcyq{c`, cb omem ,aha# Lc{%ibh Koychbom, oqrm tbta{m r c`ecobjm a nchcew`bcim37 ebem sqa a` w`chya` ia kmsqa c{ybdbobc` ia q _aoobmhCj{ mhm{hboc( _a *3


68/77

B

(x( ( ( ( x * ( ( ( , 6x%( (* ] x,xB%P ( *+

( *(* 6( x .(]3

(* +*(, B 0B( ( ( (

*,JQA[[C , * 1 3 *EC[BHC


69/77


70/77

d*B hq{ha{m %amcm ia Mdbobc a r _qk Mdbobcà (ah (a{tbobm,?7U63 ycekbah acqc ,sqa dm{|mceahya bhd`qra{{ * , < 7 `c *ia%em{c ncyc nmr nckbic wc{c *`c m=o*{tcobmh cockcic iabc àr(

@m co{bdbobm sqa ncjc a3 Aycim wc{* ,ahchonc{ `moqc{ya a, w{mwm{obmhchim c`mlcebahym cew`bm a nbjbahÒSc `c y{cwc, a{ch omewahcim WM`* %a` ecrm{* ahyqbcemx* kqah awb{be omh* sqa `m obqic(ic


71/77

, ah sqa `c |mhc, (x cj{qwah wc{c a{ bhy{qbic och ecy db]o `ah b


72/77

A j{cym omh{jhc{ csqb `m {aq`ycim cybdcaym{bmmkyahbim wm{ `m l4taha omewcy{bmy c sqa, eaibchya n b(jahyb`a|c ia Omkba{ha cebjm, {ac`b|ch q akqibm iaCtbcob4h ah c`jqhcaoqa`c a~y{chl a{c,

*B

@c _chbici Eb`byc{ nc ahy{cim ah qh wa{ bmim ia coyb%tqici w{m{hbm{ c ia qhc adbocobc ia ((qhabmha, ych omew`aycomem `c %a~bj


73/77

a w{qakc ia` j{cim ia em{c`bici r ibobw`b{bc sqa tc`` c+%och|chim hqay{c bhybyqobmca c{ecic(_a nc hmycim, a oba{ym, c`jqhc iaem{c ah 3*71 w{moaib%

ebahym ia `c L qybobc El`byc{, wa{m a``m a iaka c` haiqobimhqea{m ia L ada r Mdbobc`a ia w`chyc sqa (a~byah *ah a{tb%obm, 3 7 sqa hm wa{ebya ncoa{ iabjhcobmha ( wa{{hchahya,omem dqa{c ia ia ac{ wc{c moqwc{ `m oc{jm ia `c LqybobcEb`byc{, @m Lada r Mdbobc`a cd aoym c ayc dqhobm{baybahah yc{hnbah sqa iaa{hwadbc{ q oc{jm *ah *Bc qhbiciac sq(a wa{yohaoah, `m sq


74/77

@c coybtbicia ia` Ala{ obym hm sa nch {aiqobim m`m c`cw{ahib|cla w{mdabmhc`, r, cwc{ya ia `ca~wao3bobmha c sqacockm ia {ada{b{ h{a, ncr sqa omhbjhc{ a` aewàm sqa nc na%onm bia q adqa{|m, ah qhc ada{c `bebycic c q {%aoq{%17_, ah mk{c ia qyb`bici wqk`boc, omem omhy{qoobmh iaBbhac yaàj{cdboc, cwa{yq{c ia oc{hbhm, omhy{qoobmh iawqahya, ayo(, sqa omhy{bkqb{ch c dcob`byc{ a` y{cdbom r Bc {a%`coboha ahy{a cijqhm wqhym, chya ymyc`{ha{bya cb( cim,ia` ya{{bym{bm hcobmhc`(

*B*{ ckclm ia ec cfchoa wmi{bch a{hw{ ahia{ a b ea%lm{ch `c omhibobmha aomhm{hboc, wqa, cwc{ya ia `c qyb`b%ici wqk`boc bh{haibcyc, Natch ahtqa`yc qhc wmbybtc qyb`b%ici eb`byc{(

@m C{ahcà ia Jqa{{c R Ec{bhc nch alaoqycim, iq%{ c{{ya t a ` cdbm, y{ckclm sha nch {awm{ycim cw{ aobckà aom%hm{hbc wc{c a` dbom( Iaj{cobciceahya, `c wmoc ocwcobiciia `m aibdbobm sqa `m ibda{ahya yc`à{a moqwch hm wa{eb%ya aew{ ahia{ mk{c ia ecrm{a w{mwm{obmha, wm{ 37 oqcà` Iawc{yceahym { awaoybtm aa ta mk`bjcim c { aoq{{{{, ctaoa, c yc`à{a wc{y boq`c{a ah y{ckclm sqa iaka{bch a{alaoqyc im ah `m C{ahcà R kclm `c ib{ aoobmh r omhy{m`*ia q wa{mhc` yaohbom(

@c om{{y{qoobmh ia qh kc{cia{m wc{c coc{ c yba{{c Bcec j{chia* ia hqay{c qhbicia c dbmya, a` (ahchona ia``moc` moqwcim wm{ `m C{ahcà r `c nckb`bycob4h ia qhcaoobmh ah sqa wqaic bhyc`c{a qhc Bck{boc ia w{ mraoybà,dm{ech ahaya {awaoym a` w{mj{cec ia {ac b|cobm{b ecq{j ahya sqa a aew{ahia{c bah oqchys wqaich cbjhc{a{aoq{ m wc{c hqatc mk{c(

Ahy{a ( m y{ckclm {ac`b|cim, ncr c`jqhm sqa ncycncoa wmom yahbch sqa a{ ahoc{jcim dqa{c ia` wcb r sqanmr, eaibchya `c ealm{ m{jchb|cobmh ia `c aoobmh eaochb%oc, nch bia dck{bocim ah q w{mwbm yc`à{a( Aya a qhiayc`` a sqa iaka cw{aobc{a iakbiceahya, icim `m eaibmiadbobahaa och sqa ncyc nmr a nc myahbim aoobmh ychqyb` (a bewm{ychya ia hqay{c ciebhby{cobmh ia Jqa{{c,

:*1


75/77

My{m wqhym sqa nc omhybyqbim w{amoqwcobmh w{ ad a{ah%ya ia` Ebhbya{bm { awaoybtm, nc bim `c dm{ecob4h ia mk{a%{m wc{c `m ibd a{a{{ya a{tbobm ia `m C{ahcba r imab`c Bh%yahiahobc ia Jqa{{c, ia emim c bhiawa{bib|c{ *ah 37 wmbkàayc { awc{ ybobmha ia `c echa oba mk{c obtb`( baew{a ecmha{mc a bhcicwyckà c Bc ib(obw`bhc {asqa{ bic, Wc{c{axeaibc`* aya bhomhtahbahya, a nc o{ acim qhc Aoqaxc iaCw{ahiboa Eb`byc{ a, sqa nmr Bqhobmhc ah Tb``c Ncra, ah`c sqa nch bim {(aomjbim, omh bhya{tahobmh ia (`c Iadaha%{bc Jaha{c` ia Eahm{a, hqea{mm nqa{ Bchm, qy{cbiaia (ayc qa{ ya c `c tcjchobc r %c` ckchim{bm, yc`ta| Bbk{ cimia qhc om{{qwob4h w{aom|, wc{c a{ omhta{ ybim ah obqicic%hm qybà c Bc B|b(yby(qobmh C{ecic sha `m yqya`4 ,a bhy{q%r4ah %a ` y{ckclm(

C `c kqahc cebyci ia jmkba{hm taobhm, iaka{hm a`sqa c`jqhm Mdbobcà ia Btdc{bhc ya{bi{ ch ah k{ata mocbmhia w{coyboc{ a` wb`mycja c km{im ia q kqsqa( Wm{ ayaeaibo a w{awc{c{db qh j{qwm ia Mdbobcà%Wbòym, cwym wc%{c a` a{tbobm ia `c C{ecic, sqa nmr aew3ac wa{mhc` obtb`r moc bmhc`, sqa, cwc{ya ia b{{mjc{ ecrm{a jc(%ym, aycmeaybim c `c m{jchb|cobmha w{btcic, 37 sqa hm wa{ eyaqh a{tbobm ajq{c ah ymim `m em{hahym(A` Oq{m Hctc`, ib{bjbim wm{ yaohbom omeway(ahya

w{mwm{obm{qc{bah k{ata c hqay{c ec{bhc mdbobcà w{awc{c%ia omh `m eq`ybwà omhmobebahym sqa {asqba{a a` ec%,

mensaje don manuel gondra - abril de 1921 - presidente de la república del paraguay al honorable...

Documents