manual de elementos metálicos
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MANUAL DE ELEMENTOS METALICOS
ANGULOS DE ALAS IGUALES
Estado de Suministro:
Caractersticas de fabricacinASTM A-36 (NTC 1920)Es un acero usado en construcciones de estructuras metlicas, puentes, torres de energa y edificaciones remachadas, atornilladas o soldadas. Tambin se emplea en cerrajera y sealizacin.Este acero dada su alta soldabilidad, permite ser unido con cualquier tipo de electrodo revestido de acero al carbono.ASTM A-572 (NTC 1985)Es el acero de calidad estructural de alta resistencia y baja aleacin, al Columbio (Niobio) o Vanadio. Es empleado en la construccin de estructuras metlicas, puentes y torres de energa, edificaciones remachadas, atornilladas o soldadas.Con el propsito de obtener una unin de igual o mayor resistencia que el acero base, deben utilizarse electrodos de mnimo 70.000PSI de resistencia a la tensin y preferiblemente de bajo hidrgeno.
PropiedadesComposicin QumicaPropiedades Mecnicas
ASTM%C%Mn%P%S%SiLmite ElsticoResistencia Traccin% Alarga/.
x 100x100x 100x 100x 100
A-36mn.-80--1523kg/mm-41kg/mm400MPa20
mx.26120544025kg/mm250MPa56kg/mm550MPa21
A-572 GR 50mn.---------18
mx.23135544035kg/mm345MPa46kg/mm450MPa21
ngulo tipo americano de lados igualesDesignacinDimensiones y propiedades para el diseo
DimensionesDistancia de los ejesrea PesoPropiedades elsticas
Altura = AlaRadiosEJE X-X = Y-YEJE W-WEJE Z-Z
hsr1x=ywzlxSxRxlnrnlzSzrz
[mm][mm][mm][cm][cm][cm][cm][kg/m][cm4][cm][cm][cm4][cm][cm4][cm][cm]
L 1/8" x 3/4"19,053,173,200,581,340,821,110,880,370,280,580,580,730,160,190,38
L 1/8" x 1"25,403,173,200,761,791,071,521,190,920,510,791,240,930,410,380,48
L 1/8" x 1 1/4"31,753,174,700,892,241,251,931,501,830,800,972,911,190,830,660,6
L 1/8" x 1 1/2"38,103,174,701,072,691,512,341,833,251,181,175,411,471,240,820,73
L 1/8" x 2"50,803,176,301,403,581,973,102,467,912,131,6012,491,973,321,680,99
L 3/16" x 1"25,404,763,200,811,791,142,211,731,250,720,762,080,930,410,360,48
L 3/16" x 1 1/4"31,754,764,700,972,241,372,792,202,541,160,973,741,190,830,610,6
L 3/16" x 1 1/2"38,104,764,701,122,691,583,432,684,581,641,177,071,441,661,050,73
L 3/16" x 2"50,804,766,301,453,582,004,613,6311,453,111,5717,481,954,572,280,99
L 3/16" x 2 1/2"63,504,766,301,754,492,475,814,6122,894,921,9836,522,469,153,71,24
L 3/16" x 3"76,204,767,902,085,382,947,035,5240,017,222,3964,383,0316,125,481,51
L 1/4" x 1"25,406,353,200,861,791,212,802,221,540,920,742,490,910,830,690,48
L 1/4" x 1 1/4"31,756,354,701,022,241,443,722,863,211,490,944,991,161,240,860,60
L 1/4" x 1 1/2"38,106,354,701,192,691,684,403,485,832,201,148,741,422,491,480,73
L 1/4" x 2"50,806,356,301,503,582,106,064,7514,574,101,5522,471,935,822,770,99
L 1/4" x 2 1/2"63,506,356,301,834,492,547,686,1029,146,391,9645,362,4311,654,581,24
L 1/4" x 3"76,206,357,902,135,382,979,297,2951,609,502,3678,662,9420,396,861,49
L 1/4" x 4"101,606,359,502,777,183,9112,529,82124,9017,203,18191,393,9648,1012,302,00
L 5/16" x 2 1/2"63,507,946,301,884,492,649,487,4435,387,871,9355,352,4114,565,511,24
L 5/16" x 3"76,207,947,902,215,383,0411,489,0862,9011,602,3496,982,9224,978,211,47
L 5/16" x 4"101,607,949,502,847,184,0115,4812,20154,4021,103,15239,333,9361,6015,362,00
L 3/8" x 2"50,809,536,301,633,582,308,776,9919,985,741,5030,801,878,323,610,99
L 3/8" x 2 1/2"63,509,536,301,934,492,7111,168,7840,799,341,9160,092,3817,066,291,24
L 3/8" x 3"76,209,537,902,265,383,1413,6110,7273,3013,602,31112,792,8929,559,411,47
L 3/8" x 4"101,609,539,502,897,184,0318,4514,58181,9024,903,12283,033,9173,2518,171,98
L 3/8" x 5"127,009,5312,703,538,964,9723,2918,30363,8039,703,96579,604,99148,0029,802,52
L 3/8" x 6"152,409,5312,704,1610,765,8828,1322,17640,6057,804,781018,606,02262,6044,703,05
L 1/2" x 3"76,2012,707,902,365,383,3217,7413,9992,4017,502,29142,762,8438,2911,531,47
L 1/2" x 4"101,6012,709,502,997,184,2124,1919,05231,4032,3032,30361,283,8694,4822,441,98
L 1/2" x 5"127,0012,7012,703,638,965,1230,6524,11468,3051,6051,60746,504,94190,1037,202,49
L 1/2" x 6"152,4012,7012,704,2710,766,0337,1029,17828,7075,5075,501326,105,97331,3054,902,99
L 5/8" x 4"101,6015,889,503,127,184,3929,7423,36277,2039,303,05433,713,81115,7126,351,98
L 5/8" x 6"152,4015,8812,704,3910,766,2045,8736,011005,6092,804,671604,805,92406,4065,602,98
L 3/4" x 6"152,4019,0512,704,7210,766,3854,4542,711171,70109,104,651859,205,85484,2075,902,98
L 1" x 6"152,4025,4012,704,7210,766,6670,9755,661476,00140,004,572327,805,73624,2093,702,96
VIGAS IPE Y WGeometra (Seccin Transversal): Descripcin:Son elementos de acero de seccin I (doble T), de altura mayor que el ancho de las alas.Las uniones entre las caras del alma y las caras anteriores de las alas son redondeadas, fabricados a partir de flejes mediante el proceso de electrosoldadura de alta frecuencia.Aplicaciones:Perfiles usados en la industria y la construccin civil de edificios (prticos, cerchas, vigas, columnas) infraestructura y carrocera.Longitud:Longitud estndar de 12mNormas:Dimensiones: UNE-36526-94Tolerancias: UNE-EN 10034-94Material: UNE-EN 10025-94
Equivalencias aproximadas entre perfiles segn momento de inercia con respecto al eje xIPEW
ReferenciaPesoMomento de inercia - lxReferenciaPesoMomento de inercia - lx
(kg/m)Dif. %Cm4Dif. %(kg/m)Dif. %Cm4Dif. %
IPE 16015.808%869.00-18%W6x1217.8622%919.87-13%
IPE 20022.4037%1943.002%W8x1319.3518%1648.28-14%
W8x1522.3236%1997.915%
IPE 24030.7023%3892.00-9%W10x1928.2813%4008.31-6%
W12x1623.81-4%4287.180%
IPE 27036.1018%5790.00-22%W10x3044.6546%7075.93-4%
IPE 30042.2038%8356.0013%W14x2232.747%8283.0112%
W12x2638.6926%8491.1215%
IPE 33049.1029%11770.003%W12x3552.0937%11862.604%
W14x3044.6517%12112.336%
W16x2638.692%12528.5710%
IPE 36057.1021%16270.00-15%W14x4363.9935%17814.71-7%
W16x3653.5813%18647.17-2%
W18x3552.0910%21.227.8011%
IPE 40066.3017%23130.00-15%W18x4059.535%25473.36-7%
W16x5074.4132%27429.651%
Dimensiones y propiedades para el diseoMomento respecto a los ejesI: Momento de inerciaS: Momento de resistenciar: Radiode inercia, siempre referido al eje de flexin correspondiente
PerfilesDimensionesreaPesoPropiedades ElsticasConstante de Flexin
AlturaAlmaAlasEJE X-XEJEY -Y
dtwbftflxSx rxIySyryrtd/Af
mmmmmmmmcmkg/mcm4cmcmcm4cmcmcmcm-1
IPE 80803,8465,27,646,0080,120,03,248,53,71,051.223.34
IPE 1001004,1555,710,308,1017134,24,0715,95,81,241.453.19
IPE 1201204,4646,313,2010,4031853,04,9027,78,61,451.692.98
IPE 1401404,7736,916,4012,9054177,35,7444,912,31,651.932.78
IPE 1601605,0827,420,1015,80869109,06,5868,316,71,842.162.64
IPE 1801805,3918,023,9018,801317146,07,421012,22,052.402.47
IPE 2002005,61008,528,5022,401943194,08,2614228,52,242.642.35
IPE 2202205,91109,233,4026,202772194,09,1120037,32,482.902.17
IPE 2402406,21209,839,1030,703890324,09,9728447,32,693.172.04
IPE 2702706,613510,245,9036,105790429,011,2042062,23,023.561.96
IPE 3003007,115010,753,8042,208356557,012,5060480,53,353.941.87
IPE 3303307,516011,562,6049,1011770713,013,70788,98,53,554.201.79
IPE 3603608,017012,772,7057,1016270904,015,001043123,03,794.471.67
IPE 4004008,618013,584,5066,30231301156,016,501318146,03,954.711.65
IPE 4504509,419014,698,8077,60337401500,018,501676176,04,124.931.62
IPE 50050010,220016,0116,0090,70482001928,020,402142214,04,315.171.56
IPE 55055011,121017,2134,00106,00671202441,022,302668254,04,455.391.52
IPE 60060012,022019,0156,00122,00920803069,024,303387308,04,665.641.44
VIGETERIA PARA COLUMNAGeometra (Seccin Transversal): Descripcin:Son elementos de acero al carbono de seccin H, de altura diferente que el ancho de las alas, segn sea HEA o HEB. Las uniones entre las caras del alma y las caras anteriores de las caras son redondeadas. De alta resistencia, fabricados a partir de palanquillas laminadas en caliente.Aplicaciones:Perfiles usados en la industria y la construccin civil de edificios (prticos, cerchas, vigas, columnas) infraestructura y carrocera.Longitud:Longitud estndar de 12mNormas:Dimensiones: UNE-36524-94Tolerancias: UNE-En 10034-94Material: UNE-EN 10025-94
Dimensiones y propiedades para el diseoPerfilesDimensionesreaPesoPropiedades ElsticasConstante de Flexin
AlturaAlmaAlasEJE X-XEJEY -Y
dtwbftflxSx rxIySyryrtd/Af
mmmmmmmmcmkg/mcm4cmcmcm4cmcmcmcm-1
HEA 100965.01008.021.216.734972.74.0513426.72.512.771.200
HEA 1201145.01208.025.319.96061064.8923138.43.023.331.190
HEA 1401335.51408.531.424.710301555.7338955.63.523.871.120
HEA 1601526.01609.038.830.416702206.5761576.93.984.421.060
HEA 1801716.01809.545.335.525102947.459241034.524.981.000
HEA 2001906.520010.053.842.336903898.2813301334.985.530.950
HEA 2202107.022011.064.350.5541051591719501785.516.080.868
HEA 2402307.524012.076.860.3776067510.127702316.006.640.799
HEA 2602507.526012.586.868.21050083611.036602826.507.200.769
HEA 2802708.028013.097.376.413700101011.947603407.007.740.742
HEA 3002908.530014.011388.318300126012.763104207.498.300.690
HEA 3203109.030015.512497.622900148013.669804657.498.300.667
HEA 3403309.530016.513310527700168014.474304957.468.280.667
HEA 36035010.030017.514311233100189015.278805257.438.260.667
HEA 40039011.030019.015912545100231016.885605717.348.210.684
HEA 45044011.530021.01781406370029018.994606317.298.180.698
HEA 50049012.030023.019815587000355021.0104006917.248.150.710
HEA 55054012.530024.0212166112000415023.0108007217.158.100.750
HEA 60059013.030025.0226178141000479025.0113007517.058.060.787
HEA 65064013.530026.0242190175000547026.9117007816.968.010.821
HEA 70069014.530027.0260204215000624028.7122008126.847.940.852
HEA 80079015.030028.0286224303000768032.6126008426.657.850.940
HEA 90089016.030030.0321252422000948036.3135009036.507.760.989
HEA 100099016.530031.0347272554.0011.2040.014.009336.357.671.060
Momento respecto a los ejesI: Momento de inercia S: Momento de resistencia r: Radiode inercia, siempre referido al eje de flexin correspondiente
TUBO ESTRUCTURAL
PLANCHA ESTRUCTURALProductos
Planchas de Acero Carbono
ASTM A572 GRADO 50
Estado de SuministroLaminado.ToleranciaASTM A6.CaractersticasAcero estructural ASTM A 572 Grado 50 soldable y de baja aleacin, aleado con Niobio y Vanadio como afinadores de grano.AplicacionesSus mejores propiedades mecnicas, en comparacin con el producto ASTM A 36, permiten reducir espesores y disminuir peso de estructuras remachadas, apernadas o soldadas como por ejemplo puentes, carroceras, equipos de transporte y estructuras en general.
Composicin Qumica
%C (mx.)%Mn (mx.)%Si (mx.)%P (mx.)%S (mx.)%V%Nb
0,231,350,400,040,050,01 - 0,150,005 - 0,05
Propiedades Mecnicas
Esfuerzo FluenciaEsfuerzo Traccin (Kg/mm)Elongacin
(Kg/mm)MPa(Kg/mm)MPa%
35 (mn)345 (mn.)46 (mn)450 (mn.)21 (mn.)
Mnimo Radio Interior de Plegado en Fro
Espesor E (mm.)
Hasta 20 mm. (Incl.)Sobre 20 mm. hasta 25 mm. (Incl.)Sobre 25 mm. hasta 50 mm. (Incl.)
1,5 X E1,5 X E2,0 X E
Grado%C mx.%Mn mx.%P mx.%S mx.%Si mx.
420,211,350,040,050,4
500,231,350,040,050,4
600,261,350,040,050,4
650,261,350,040,050,4
ElementoContenido
TIPO 1Columbio (Niobio)0,005 - 0,05
TIPO 2Vanadio0,01 0,15
TIPO 3Niobio (0,05% mx.) ms Vanadio0,02 0,15
Propiedades mecnicas:GradoLmite de Fluencia (mn.)Resistencia a la Traccin (mn.)Elongacin Min. %En 200mm (8in)
MPaPSIMPaPSI
42290420004156000020
50345500004506500018
60415600005207500016
65450650005508000015
Espesor (In)% Elongacin mn. 200mm (8 in)
Grado 42Grado 50Grado 60Grado 65
1/2 - 3/820,018,016,015,0
5/1619,517,515,514,5
1/417,515,513,512,5
3/1615,013,011,010,0
1/812,510,58,57,5