informe 2 calor especifico

8/17/2019 Informe 2 Calor Especifico

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UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA, CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Y MATEMÁTICA

CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA MATEMÁTICA

LABORATORIO DE FÍSICA

INFORME DE PRÁCTICA # 2

ALUMNO

RICARDO GUACHAMÍN

CURSO

SEGUNDO PARALELO 1

TEMA

CALOR ESPECÍFICO DE LOS SÓLIDOS

FECHA DE REALIZACIÓN

26 DE ABRIL DE 2016

QUITO


2/8

1. Obje!"#$

• Determ!"r " $"%"$&"& $"'r()$" &e *! $"'r(metr'+

E,t*&"r e e)e$t' &e " tr"!,)ere!$" &e $"'r e!tre e $"'r(metr' - ',

$*er%', &e %r*e." " "!"/"r+

C"$*"r e%erme!t"me!te e $"'r e,%e$()$' &e ', $*er%', &e %r*e."+

A)"!/"r ', $'!$e%t', &e $"'r tem%er"t*r" $"'r e,%e$()$' $"%"$&"&

$"'r()$"+

• A%$"r " Le- &e E*.r' T3rm$' " ,,tem", term'&!4m$',+

• A%$"r " $'!,er5"$! &e " e!er7(" e! ,,tem", $'! tr"!,)ere!$" &e

$"'r+

%. De$&'!(&!)* + #b$e'"&!)*

F!-.1 D"7r"m" &e &,%',t5'

%.1 Me'! e/(e'!0e*

• C"'r(metr'

• B""!/" ee$tr!$"8A90001:7;

• F*e!te &e $"'r

• Re$%e!te &e met"

• A7t"&'r


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• < $*er%', &e %r*e." 8Br'!$e P'm' A$er';

• Termmetr' 8A91=C;

• C*$>"ret"

%.% '#&e2!0!e*#

13 Arm"r e e*%' e%erme!t" $'m' m*e,tr" " )7*r" 1 ,7*e!&' ",!,tr*$$'!e, &e "-*&"!te &e ".'r"t'r'+

%3 I&e!t)$"r e m"ter" &e ', $*er%', &e %r*e." - $''$"r', e! " t"." 1+

43 Me&r ", m",", &e ', $*er%', &e %r*e." 8 mc ;+

53 Me&r " m"," &e 5",' &e $"'r(metr' !$*&' e "7t"&'r 8 m1 ;+

63 A?"&r "7*" e! e 5",' &e $"'r(metr' !$*&' e "7t"&'r e! *!" $"!t&"&,*)$e!te *e $*.r" $'m%et"me!te e $*er%' &e %r*e." - &eterm!"r ,*

m"," 8 m2 ;+

73 C''$"r "7*" e! e re$%e!te &e "*m!' @*!t' $'! e $*er%' &e %r*e." - "$*$>"ret"+

83 C''$"r " ,'.re " )*e!te &e $"'r - e,%er"r " *e ,e m"!te!7" e!e.*$! %"r" me&r ,* 5"'r 8 T eb ;+

93 C''$"r e 5",' &e $"'r(metr' $'! e "7*" - e "7t"&'r &e!tr' &e 5",'","!te t"%"r - me&r " tem%er"t*r" !$" &e !ter'r &e $"'r(metr' 8

T 0 ;+ E termmetr' &e.e e,t"r $''$"&' e! e 'r)$' $e!tr" &e " t"%" -

5er)$"r *e e,te e! $'!t"$t' $'! e "7*"+

:3 Retr"r e $*er%' &e %r*e." *t/"!&' " $*$>"ret" 5er)$"!&' *e !' e5e

"7*" - $'! $*&"&' tr","&"r' " !ter'r &e 5",' &e $"'r(metr' "7t"r -&eterm!"r " tem%er"t*r" &e e*.r' 8 T eq ;+

1;3Re%etr e %r'$e&me!t' %"r" ', &', $*er%', re,t"!te,+

%.4 Re-!$'# 2e 2#$

13 Tb < 1 C"'r e,%e$()$'


4/8

Me'! mc m1 m2 T 0 T eb T eq

V'! =>-3 =>-3 =>-3 =?C3 =?C3 =?C3

I*&e'!2@0b'e ±0,001 ±0,001 ±0,001 ±1 ±1 ±1

B'#*&e 00< 00 016< 2< 0 2#0# 010 00 016< 20 0 21

A&e'# 006 00 016< 21 0 2<

%.5 Ob$e'"&!#*e$

Se $'me!/ %'r retr"r e e*%' *e ." " ,er *,"&' %"r" " %r4$t$" *e7' &e ",!&$"$'!e, ,e !$ e e!,"m."&' &e e*%'+ Term!"&' e "rm"&' $'me!$3m&e!&' ", m",", &e $"&" *!' &e ', $*er%', &e %r*e." t"m.3! ", m",", &e$"'r(metr' - t'&", ", me&$'!e, *e ,e ,'$t"."!+ L*e7' &e ,e7*r ', %",',

" m'me!t' &e *e e "7*" e7' " ,* %*!t' &e e.*$! ,e t'm " tem%er"t*r"*e e7"." " 0=C %r'$e&( " ,"$"r e $*er%' &e %r*e." $'! " $*$>"ret" %"r"$''$"r' e! e 5",' &e $"'r(metr'+ " $''$"&' e $*er%' &e %r*e." e! e 5",',e ' t"%' - ' "7t"m', *! %'$' - $'me!/ " ee5"r *! %'$' " tem%er"t*r" &e"7*" &e $"'r(metr' e,t' %'r " tr"!,)ere!$" &e $"'r - ,e e7 " *!"tem%er"t*r" &e e*.r'+ T"m.3! e, m%'rt"!te &,t!7*r e!tre $"%"$&"&$"'r()$" - $"'r e,%e$()$' e %rmer t3rm!' "*&e " '.@et' - e ,e7*!&' "m"ter" &e $*" e,t4 >e$>'+

L" t"%" &e $"'r(metr' !' e, m*- >erm3t$" %'r '*e e me&' !)*-e e! $ert' m'&' e! " tem%er"t*r" &e e*.r'+

L", %e/",met4$", $"e!t"&", !' e7"."! " 5"r"r $'!,&er".eme!te " tem%er"t*r" &e

"7*"+

E! !*e,tr', $4$*', !' ,e >" !$*&' e $"'r *e ".,'r.e e met" &etermmetr'+

4. A*!$!$ + E/(!&&!)*

4.1 Dee'0!*&!)* 2e &(&!22 &#'!& 2e &#'0e'#

P"r" &eterm!"r " $"%"$&"& $"'r()$" &e $"'r(metr' ,e 5ert "7*" " 0= e! e"7*" &e $"'r(metr'+ Te!e!&' e! $*e!t" e )*!&"me!t' ter$' te!em', *e

Calor ganado por el cuerpo=Calor perdido por el cuerpo

Qg=Q p

P'r &e)!$! te!em', Q=m∗C e∗∆ T ">'r" &e!'m!"rem', "

Q1:Calor ganado por el agua a23° C


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Q2:Calor ganado por el calorímetro

Q3:Calor perdido por el agua a90° C

C :Capacidad calorífica

T a:Temperatura inicialdel agua

T eb:Temperaturadel agua agregada

ma: Masa del agua agregada

Re,'5em',

Qg=Q p

Q1+Q

2=Q

3

m1 ( ceagua ) (T eq−T a )+m (cecalorimetro ) (T eq−T a )=ma(ceagua)(T eb−T eq)

163 (1 ) (45−23 )+m (cecalorimetro ) (45−23 )=120 (1 ) (90−45 )

C =m. ce=82.45 cal° C

4.% Dee'0!*&!)* 2e &#' e$(e&! 2e b'#*&e



Q3:Calor perdido por la mc a90° C

m ( cecalorimetro ) :Capacidad calorifica del calorimetro

Re,'5em',

Qg=Q p


6/8

Q1+Q

2=Q

3

m2 ( ceagua ) (T eq−T a )+m (cecalorimetro ) (T eq−T a )=mc (cemetal )(T eb−T eq)

163 (1 ) (25−23 )+82,45 (25−23 )=83 (cemetal ) (90−25 )

cemetal=0,091 cal

g ° C

4.4 Dee'0!*&!)* 2e &#' e$(e&! 2e (#0#





Re,'5em',

Qg=Q p

Q1+Q2=Q3


163 (1 ) (21−20 )+82,45 (21−20 )=109 ( cemetal ) (90−21 )

cemetal=0,033 cal

g ° C

4.4 Dee'0!*&!)* 2e &#' e$(e&! 2e &e'#




7/8



Re,'5em',Qg=Q p

Q1+Q

2=Q

3


163 (1 ) (23−21 )+82,45 (23−21 )=165 ( cemetal) (90−23 )

cemetal=0,113 cal

g ° C

4.5 A*!$!$ 2e 2#$

• De "$*er&' " ', &"t', '.te!&', e! ', $4$*', ,e %*&' $'m%r'."r &e

*e met" er"! $"&" *!' &e ', $*er%', &e %r*e." -" *e " $'m%"r"r ',5"'re, ter$', - ', 5"'re, e%erme!t"e, e,t', ,e ",eme@"."!+

• T"m.3! &e "$*er&' " ', &"t', '.te!&', "!"(t$"me!te ,e %*e&e 5er e

err'r %'r$e!t*" &e $"&" 5"'r

Br'!$e0,086−0,091

0,086 x 100=5,82

P'm'0,031−0,033

0,031 x 100=6,45

A$er'0,11−0,113

0,11 x 100=2,72

N', %'&em', &"r $*e!t" *e ', 5"'re, e,t4! "%r'm"&"me!te &e!tr'&e m"r7e! &e err'r %ermt&' e! e ".'r"t'r'+

• N' ,e %*&' '.te!er *! re,*t"&' m4, %re$,' -" *e !' ,e t'm" e! $*e!t")"$t're, $'m' e $"'r ".,'r.&' %'r e met" &e termmetr'+

4.6 E/(!&&!)*

A m'me!t' &e !tr'&*$r e $*er%' &e %r*e." e! e re$%e!te ,'.re " )*e!te &e$"'r e,te re$.e e!er7(" $"'r()$" %'r me&' &e "7*" 8%'r *2@&&!)*; *e "".,'r.e " ,* 5e/ &e " 7e!er"&" %'r " )*e!te &e $"'r 8%'r *"e&&!)*;+ E


8/8

$*er%' &e %r*e." -" $'! *!" tem%er"t*r" &)ere!te " " !$" ,e !tr'&*@' e! e$"'r(metr' - e,t" $e& e!er7(" $"'r()$" " "7*" &e !ter'r &e $"'r(metr' >",t"e7"r " *! %*!t' e! e *e e $*er%' - e "7*" te!e! " m,m" tem%er"t*r"8e@!!b'!# '0!+

4.7 C#*&@$!#*e$

• E! e $4$*' &e $"'r e,%e$)$' &e ', $*er%', &e %r*e." ,e e!$'!tr *e

!*e,tr', 5"'re, >""&', &,t"! &e ', 5"'r", %r'me&' e!$'!tr"&', e!', tet', &e )(,$"+

• E $"'r e, e!er7(" *e e, tr"!,)er&" &e *! ,,tem" " 'tr' &e.&' " *e ,e

e!$*e!tr"! " &)ere!te, !5ee, &e tem%er"t*r"+ P'r e,t" r"/! " %'!er ',&', $*er%', e! $'!t"$t' e *e ,e e!$*e!tr" " m"-'r tem%er"t*r"tr"!,)ere $"'r " 'tr' >",t" *e ,e '7r" e e*.r' t3rm$'+

• D,t!t", ,*,t"!$", te!e! &)ere!te, $"%"$&"&e, %"r" "m"$e!"r e!er7("

!ter!" " 7*" *e %"r" ".,'r.er e!er7(" - *!" .*e!" %"rte &e " e!er7(">"$e "*me!t"r " !te!,&"& &e ", 5.r"$! &e ", re&e, "tm$", - e,tet%' &e m'5me!t' e, e re,%'!,".e &e "*me!t' e! " tem%er"t*r"+

informe 2 calor especifico

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