inemi printed rfid presentation
TRANSCRIPT
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Printing RFID Using Graphic Arts
Printing Technologies
Tim Collins
Motorola Labs, Schaumburg, IL
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
How RFID Works:
Reader powers tag
Tag responds with data
Reader sends data to host
HostReader
Tag
Data
All RFID Systems Utilize The Same Method of Communication
Power & Commands
.
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
13 MHz Smart Card• Antenna typically 3-7
turns of copper• Discrete or on-board
resonant capacitor• Rigid construction• Pre-defined form-factor
UHF 900 MHz/2.4 GHz• High Q Resonant antenna• Easily attached to article• Propagation and Reflection
issues• Operates at far distance
Types of Tagsfrequency is related to distance
• Traditional 125kHz Inductive RFID
• Antenna typically ~120 turns of copper wire
• Typically use discrete resonant capacitor
• Rigid construction• Pre-defined form-factor
Capacitive 125 kHz-13MHz• No expensive coil• Flexible Form factor (very
robust, can bend and mutilate)• Easily attached to article• Low frequency doesn’t have
reflection issues• Works with Printed
Semiconductors
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Supply Chain as a Function of Frequency
Graphic Arts Printed Transistors
Fit in well at Short distanceApplications
“ITEMS”
Operating FrequencykHz, MHz
Inventory Management
Perishable goods
Merchandising
Shrinkage
Transport
Operating FrequencykHz, MHz
Manufacture Distribution
Operating FrequencyUHF
Operating FrequencyUHF
RetailStore
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Inductive Coupled RFID Tags(Multiple frequencies, absorption, cost)
• To achieve useful read range, a resonant LC tank circuit is required for inductive RFID tags.
• High circulating current flows in the LC tank circuit, and ITANK >> IIC.
• To avoid short range, resistive losses in the LC tank circuit (& its interconnections) must be low.
• Many turns of wire are required in the coil at low frequencies.
• Packaging cost of inductive RFID tags is high, limiting feasibility for low cost tagging applications.
RICCRESONANT
ITANK
IIC
COIL
INDUCTIVE/UHF TAG
IEXC
EXCITERCOIL
Near/FarFIELD
READER
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Capactively Coupled RFID Tags(Wide bandwidth)
ELECTRIC FIELD
READER
RIC
IIC
Electrostatic TAGCAIR1
CAIR2
ExciterVoltage
• Electrostatic RFID systems operate on the principle of capacitive coupling.
• Electrostatic tags do not contain coils or capacitors – only the tag antennae and the IC.
• No resonant circuit - only IC current flows in the tag; which is low. Low current permits the use of more resistive materials in the antenna & interconnections.
• Packaging costs are significantly reduced in comparison with inductive RFID tags.
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Tech Inductive UHF Active SemiActive Capacitive
Antenna Metallic Metallic Metallic Metallic Carbon
Read Distance (typ.) <1 meter <3 meter 1-100 meters 1-20 <1 meter
Bend/fold/mutilate NO NO NO NO YES
Unique Antenna for YES YES YES YES NO1
Each product type
Shelf installation HARD HARD HARD HARD EASY2
Shelf Read Coverage Null Zones Null Zones N/A N/A Uniform
Custom Shelf antenna YES3 YES3 YES YES NO
1) antenna placement may be important, but antenna geometry can be constant2) low-cost printed antennas possible3) coupling/nulls strongly depend on materials/sizes
RFID Technology Differences
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Capacitive Tags Are Based On Printed Carbon Ink Antenna
Tag
Ink application: flexo, screened, pad
or sprayed
inkIC chip
ink
PrintedIC
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Printed Electronics - Today
• Printed circuitry– Screen– Stencil
• Printed solder interconnects– Screen– Stencil– Micro-dispensing– Jetting
• Microelectronics encapsulation and flux dispensing– Micro-dispensing– Jetting
Printed Flex Circuitry
Solder Interconnects
Encapsulation and Fluxing
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Printed Electronics - Tomorrow
75 µm pixels PLED ©CDT
Konarka's flexible solar cellPrinted battery by
Power Paper
Photo courtesy E Ink
• Printed energy sources (Konarka, PowerPaper, Thin Battery Technology)
– Screen – Flexo – Litho
• Printed displays (Cambridge Display Technology, eInk/Toppan, Gyricon, DuPont/Sarnoff)
– Screen – Inkjet– Laser induced forward transfer
• Printed lighting (GE)– Screen
• Printed RFID antenna– Screen– Flexo– Litho
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Printing Resolution:Printed Transistors Occur Below 20um
PRINTING
MICRO-ELECTRONICS
Features
20 μm
10 μm
500 nm
100 nm
Imaging Technology
Applications
Macro-Optics
Laser
UV
E-UV
Graphic Art Printing(printing for labels)
Microelectronics(printing for electronics)
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Mobility can be low for 125 kHz Tags
Material
Amorphous SiliconInorganic-organic Organic (Small Molecule)Organic (Polymer)
Mobility
1 to 10 cm2/V·s5 cm2/V·s
0.61 cm2/V·s 0.1 cm2/V·s
)(2 20 thgs VV
Lf −=
πμ
Length=10 μm
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Printed Transistor StructureFlexible Substrate• Plastic• Paper
G
Conductors• PTF conductors• Conductive polymers• Organo-metallics• Nanoparticle inks
Dielectrics• PTF dielectrics• Polymer• Oxides
S D
Actives• Organics• Inorganics
Active
SubstrateDielectric
Conductor
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Printing Resolution
Printing resolution is affected by• Ink rheology – ink flow and wetting on the substrates• Ink particle size – random shorting channel, channel edge definition• Plate/screen resolution• System control and hardware capability• Process optimization
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Materials and Equipment for Printing Electronics
Materials Electrical Properties Printing Technologies
PTF ConductorsSheet resistance
mΩ/sq
PTF Dielectrics Dielectric Const
Conductive PolymersConductivity
S/cm
Dielectric Polymers Dielectric Const
Organic ActivesMobilitycm2/V.s
Flexography
Lithography
Gravure
Screen Printing
Micro-dispensing
Jetting
Spin-coating
Printing technology vs. Printable materials
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Printed 125 kHz Tag4-step Printing Process
3
12
4
Disruptive Design and Fabrication Process
GS D
Active LayerSubstrateDielectric
Electrodes Printing Station Replaces Wafer Fab
Processing technology and end-products are environmentally friendly
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
Moving from Research to Supply Chain Readiness
2500 ft roll
18” Diameter
Functional circuitry demonstrated at manufacturing speeds of 300ft/min on a 6 inch web platform and 7000sheets/hr on a 24 inch X 36 inch sheet-fed platform.
Motorola Confidential Proprietary
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved
iNEMI can help….• Standards
– Tags (ISO, EPCglobal)– Device, circuit, and architecture standards
IEEE P1620, IEEE P1620.1, P1620.X– Printing related standards
Design rules and file formatIn-line testing platforms and quality control systemsPrinting platform Reliability