fallas1 capitulo 2[1]

7/26/2019 Fallas1 Capitulo 2[1]

1/23

CAPITULO 4: ESTUDIO Y

ANALISIS DE FALLAS

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL SAN ANTONIO ABADDEL CUSCO

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ELECTRICA,

ELECTRONICA,MECANICA Y MINASDEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERA ELCTRICA

Prof.: Donato Maan! Par!


2/23

Introduccin

" F#n$#no% tran%!tor!o% &'trar()!*o%

" F#n$#no% tran%!tor!o% #*!ana#nt# r()!*o%" F#n$#no% tran%!tor!o% '#nto%

Tipos de faas

" Corto+!r+&!to%" Fa%#% a!#rta%

C!cuo de Cortocircuitos

" Cara+t#r-%t!+a% +on%#+n+!a%" S#/#r!*a* fr#+n+!a

" R#+on#0!$n a&to(t!+a


3/23

" O"#eti$os

1 D#f!n!r 'a +a)a+!*a* *# r&)t&ra *# 'o% !nt#rr&)tor#%

1 A&*ar a #%ta'#+#r &n %!%t#a a*#+&a*o *# )rot#++!$n" %esutados esperados

1 Corr!#nt# #n #' )&nto *# fa''a1 Pot#n+!a *# +orto+!r+&!to #n #' )&nto *# fa''a1 D!%tr!&+!$n *# +orr!#nt#% )o%t2fa''a #n to*a% 'a% '-n#a% *#' SEP

1 T#n%!on#% )o%t2fa''a #n to*a% 'a% arra%

" Apro&i'aciones

1 S# *#%)r#+!an 'a% +orr!#nt#% *# )r#2fa''a


4/23

1 To*a% 'a% t#n%!on#% !nt#rna% *# 'o% 3#n#ra*or#% %# %&)on#n !3&a'#% #ntr# %! # !3&a'#% a 4 5)&6

1 En &+7o% +a%o% %# *#%)r#+!an 'a% r#%!%t#n+!a% *# 'o% #'##nto%

1 Lo% TCD %# +on%!*#ran #n %& ta) no!na'

1 C&an*o %# #%t!a n#+#%ar!o !n+'&!r 'a% +ar3a%, %# %&)on#n !n*#)#n*!#nt#% *# 'a t#n%!$n %# r#)r#%#ntan )or &na 8 o Y #9&!/a'#nt#%

1 En #%t# +a%o, 'a% t#n%!on#% *# )r#fa''a %# *#t#r!nan #*!ant# &n CPF

1 La% (9&!na% %-n+rona% %# r#)r#%#ntan +!r+&!to%

#9&!/a'#nt#% a)ro0!a*o% +oo 'o% *# 'a F!3&ra 4


5/23

jX'd

jXd"

E

+

-

+

-

V

jX'd

jXd"

E+

-

+

-

'

E" V

F!3&ra 4.2 C!r+&!to% #9&!/a'#nt#% *# M(9&!na% %-n+rona%


6/23

Cortocircuitos trif!sicos si'(tricos

" Co'porta'iento de un )enerador en cortocircuito

1 *enerador en $ac+o antes de faa ,Fi)uras -.a / -."0

A )art!r *# 'a F!3&ra .6 %# )*# #%+r!!r:

;

*3!#n

En/o'/#nt#

R#a'Va'or *# r>3!#n

)#ran#nt#

En/o'/#nt#tran%!tor!a

#0tra)o'a*a

#0tra)o'a*o

T!#)o

+o)on#nt# &n!*!r#++!ona'


8/23

E

+

-

"

jX"d Ze

Zc

I"F

E'

+

-

Ze

Zc

I'jXd'

F

F!3. ?.2 C!r+&!to%&tran%!#nt#

F!3. @.2 C!r+&!totran%!#nt#

Apicando T3e$enin en e punto de faa


9/23

+

-

I'' F

VF

ZTH

(0)

ZTH=

==

I'

+

;

*#

+

;

*#==

T 8


10/23

E'peando as tensiones tras as reactancias

jXd'+

-

+

-

VjXd

jXd"

E

E'

E"

I" ( I', I)

Ic F!3. . C('+&'o&%an*o 'a% t#n%!on#%tra% 'a% r#a+tan+!a%

Corrientes de faa

+

;

* I


11/23

1 Concepto de Potencia de Cortocircuito

p+

-pV (0) Ipf

Ref.

[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]

[ ] B)f

)

B)f)++ S)&8

)&65VS)&I)&65VS ==

F!3&ra .2 CC tr!f(%!+o #n 'a arra ) *# &n SEP

56


12/23

1 Seeccin de Interruptores

Corriente instant!nea: Ta"a

Corriente de Interrupcin: Ta"a -

Ta'a 4.2 Fa+tor#% )ara Ta'a ?.2 Fa+tor#% )ara

+orr!#nt# In%tant(n#a +orr!#nt# *# Int#rr&)+!$nVo'ta# Fa+tor

H V 4,

V 4, V 4,

Int#rr&)tor#% *# Fa+tor

J +!+'o% o (% 4,

+!+'o% 4,4

? +!+'o% 4,

+!+'o% 4,@


13/23

E#e'po : En #' SEP *# 'a F!3&ra J, 'o% *ato% #n )& #%t(n #n a%# MVA @J V. S! o+&rr# &n CC?#n 'a arra , +&an*o #' /o'ta##n #%ta arra #% #' no!na' 'o% otor#% #%t(n traaan*o #n

+on*!+!on#% no!na'#%, *#t#r!n# 'a +orr!#nt# %&tran%!tor!a *# fa''a#n +a*a otor #n 'a '-n#a, a%- +oo 'a +orr!#nt# *# fa''a #n 'a arra, +on%!*#ran*o 'a +orr!#nt# *# )r#2fa''a &t!'!Kan*o: a6 E' >to*o*# 'a% t#n%!on#% !nt#rna% 6 E' >to*o *# T7#/#n!n

,:? o7fa%#S!%t#aBarra *#'

M4

:M

V @J VNSCC? O, MVA


14/23

IS+

E;S +E;M4E;M:

+


15/23

" Cortocircuitos trif!sicos si'(tricos en un SEP

1 2(todo tradiciona

E' SEP 9*a a'an+#a*o C!r+&!to #9&!/a'#nt# )or fa%#

A)'!+arT7#/#n!n#n #' )&nto *# fa''a

Po+o )r(+t!+o )ara r#%o'/#r SEP *# taao 3ran*#

1 C!cuo siste'!tico: 2(todo )enera

P#r!t# r#%o'/#r %!%t#a% &%an*o &n +o)&ta*or Ut!'!Ka &n o*#'o no*a' *# !)#*an+!a%.

S# +a'+&'an *!r#+ta#nt# 'a% t#n%!on#% #n 'o% n&*o%

Lo %# *#t#r!nan 'a% +orr!#nt#% #n 'a% raa%


16/23

La% t#n%!on#%, )o%t2fa''a %# )*#n ot#n#r +oo:

[ ] [ ] [ ]6++5V65V6f5VBBB

+=

[ ] [ ]t

nf9f)f4fB VQQQVQQQVQQQV6f5V &&&&=

[ ] [ ]t

n9)4B VQQQVQQQVQQQV65V &&&&=

[ ] [ ]t

n++9++)++4++B VQQQVQQQVQQQV6++5V &&&&=

Don*# 5F!3&ra 446:

[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]FBBBBF

I86++5V6++5VYI

==

A)'!+an*o #' >to*o *# n&*o%, *#%)&>% *# fa''a %# t!#n#:

56

56

5J6


17/23

4

9

n

)

4V

4++V

4fV

V

++V

fV

)V

)++V

)fV

9V

9++V9fV

nV

n++V

nfV

)fIF8

)9fI

)9K

F!3&ra 44.2 DU *# &n SEP


18/23

[ ] [ ]t

nf9f)ff4F IQQQIQQQIQQQII &&&&=

[ ] [ ]

=

nnn9n)nn

9n999)49

)n)9))4)

n494)444

42BB

8QQQ8QQQ8QQQ8

8QQQ8QQQ8QQQ8

8QQQ8QQQ8QQQ8

8QQQ8QQQ8QQQ8

YN8

MMMM

MMMM

MMMM

Don*#:

[ ] [ ] t)fF

QQQQQQIQQQI &=

P#ro:

56

5446

546


19/23

)

))F

))

)f V88

84V &&

+=

)

))F

9)

99fV

88

8VV &&&

+

=

)9

9f)f

)9f

K

VVI

&&&

=

D# *on*# %# ot!#n#:

))F

)

)f 88

VI

+=

&&

546

54@6

54?6

546


20/23

E#)'o : En #' %!%t#a *# 'a F!3&ra 4, to*o% 'o% *ato% #n )or&n!*a*, #%t(n #n a%# +on. D#t#r!n# 'a% +orr!#nt#% #n +a*a &na*# 'a% '-n#a% #n 'o% 3#n#ra*or#%, +&an*o o+&rr# &n +orto+!r+&!to

tr!f(%!+o %!>tr!+o #n 'a arra , #%tan*o #' %!%t#a #n /a+-o &t!'!Kan*o: a6 E' >to*o tra*!+!ona' 6 E' >to*o 3#n#ra'

:?

C,@

C,D C,J

C,D

C,?

G:

4?,: V

:: V

G?

C,D

C,D

:: V

4?,J V

4

G4

C,?C,:

4?,: V

F!3&ra 4.2 S!%t#a *# ? arra%


21/23

4

+ + +

C,D

IG4

4 4

:?

C,J

C,:

C,?

C,@

C,D

C,D

C,?

C,D

:FI

IG:

IG?

4

8T

VT

,

4

+ + +

IG4

4 4

:?

C


22/23

Cortocircuitos Asi'(tricos

" Co'ponentes si'(tricas

1 Co)on#nt#% *# %#+n+!a )o%!t!/a

1 Co)on#nt#% *# %#+n+!a n#3at!/a

1 Co)on#nt#% *# %#+n+!a +#ro

b1

c1V a1V

V

V

V

V

a0

b0

c0

b2

a2

c2

V

V

V

V

V

V

a

c

b

F!3. 4.2 Co)on#nt#% %!>tr!+a% %&a 3r(f!+a


23/23

S# )*# *#o%trar 9:

[ ]

=

,4,,, VTV

cba [ ] 44

444

=aa

aaT

[ ]

=

+,a,42,4, VTV [ ]

4

4

444

?

4

4

=

aa

aaT

Don*# a44 ,,J

Lo !%o %&+#*# +on 'a% +orr!#nt#%

546546

54654J6

fallas1 capitulo 2[1]

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