el proceso de las iniciaciones en el antiguo egipto

7/30/2019 El Proceso de Las Iniciaciones en El Antiguo Egipto

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Ejt Lu b ae c} ! G.V.K.OA XVCKO[C MO AJ[

B NB KB JKB CNO[ ON OA JN]B L_COLB X]C

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Ejt Lu b ae c} Oa Xvcko{c mo aj{ B n bk bjkbcno{ on o a Jn } bl uc Ol bx } c

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MOMB KJ]CVB J

J ac{

Dcefvo{ r Eu`ovo{zuo }vjon aj{ Jn}bluj{ Kua}uvj{

j aj Aup moa Jdcvj


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N M B K O

Xvogjk bc ! xlbnj ?.

Xj v } o BXov cmc{ mo Ot b{ } onk bj ! xlbnj 4.

Xj v } o B BOa C{ b vo bcn mo Jfr mc{! xlbnj :6.

Xjv } o B B BAj{ B n bk bjk bcno{ on Jfrm c{! xlbnj :7.

Xj v } o B W@u{} b g b kjk bn$ c Xvoxjvjk bn xj vj aj Nckdo [jn } j " !xlbnj 66.

Xj v } o WAj B a u e bn j kb n ! xlbnj 62.


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XVOGJKB C

Otjk}jeon}o! Zu o{ unj Bnbkbjkbn3. Mofo djkov{o unjmb{}bnkbn on}vo {u xvckombebon}c! o{ mokbv! on}vo {u cxovjkbn gunkbcnjar {u xvcx{ b }c . O{}o cf`o}bwc o{ un o{}jmc c kcnmbkbn mo xvoxjvjk bn .{}j kcn{b{}o on unj {ovbo mo xvuofj{ r xvcko{c{ zuo oa Bnbkbjmc }bonozuo xj{jv! xjvj mo}ovebnjv {b eovoko {ov oaowjmc j unj xc{bkbnvoablbc{j c {ckbja e{ ja}j. Aj xvoxjvjkbn o{ }jefbn unj gcvej mobn{}vukkbn! unj on{ojnpj! lonovjaeon}o on gcvej {befabkj! mo unkcnckbebon}c o{xokbjabpjmc.

Oa j{xok}c gunkbcnja mo aj Bnbkbjkbn o{ {u o{}vuk}uvj vb}uja{}bkj.[o bexvbeo on oa Bnbkbjmc aj bexcv}jnkbj mo aj{ xvuofj{ on unj gcvejm vje } b kj ! c {oj! {o ao voxvo{on}j oa xvcx{b}c r ac zuo {o o{xovj mo a.O{}j gcvej mo bnbkbjkbn }bono un bexjk}c oeckbcnja {cfvo oa bnmbwbmuc!ac zuo nc djvj {cac un mb{kuv{c mbjak}bkc c vo}vbkc.

Ac{ jkcn}okbebon}c{ mvje}bkc{ mo aj Bnbkbjkbn {cn bn}on}jmc{xjvj jxvcwokdjv }cmj aj ljej oeckbcnja moa bnmbwbmuc. Xcv o`oexac!xuomon cvblbnjv ebomc! jn{bomjm! moxvo{bn eceon}noj! r! xcv a}bec!un volckb`c zuo xuomo aaoljv ja t}j{b{.

Aj wovmjmovj Bnbkbjkbn o{c}vbkj % kcec o{ voxvo{on}jmj

jk}ujaeon}o xcv cvljnbpjkbcno{ gvj}ovnjao{ mo nj}uvjaopj e{}bkj!eo}jg{bkj r gbac{gbkj % bnkcvxcvj o{c{ gunmjeon}c{ u{jmc{ on aj{bnbkbjkbcno{ moa jn}bluc Olbx}c! Vcej! Lvokbj r mo}ovebnjmj{ {ok}j{ moaj Omjm Eombj.

Oa bnlvo{c j aj{ jn}bluj{ o{kuoaj{ mo ac{ eb{}ovbc{! ovj {boexvo ongcvej mo unj Bnbkbjkbn. Aj lnc{b{! oa kcnckbebon}c o{xokbja zuo {ovjkceunbkjmc ja kjnmbmj}c! guo kcn{bmovjmc mo nj}uvjaopj {jlvjmj. [oxon{ zuo oa kcnckbebon}c ovj mo cvblon mbwbnc! vowoajmc j }vjw{ mo ac{cvkuac{ r ac{ {jkovmc}o{. Xcv kcn{blubon}o! aj Bnbkbjkbn! on {u jn}blujkjvjk}ov{}bkj! }onj un {bnkvcnb{ec mo voablbn! mo eo}jg{bkj r mo ac zuoxcmoec{ aajejv gbac{cgj ecvja.

Oa }oej mo aj Bnbkbjkbn lbvj javomomcv mo ac{ eb{}ovbc{ kceuno{moa dcefvo mo aj xckj0 eb{}ovbc{! {bn oefjvlc! zuo jn mo{jgjn ajvjpn! aj bn}oablonkbj r aj bejlbnjkbn moa dcefvo ecmovnc. O{}c{ guovcn{cfvo oa cvblon moa unbwov{c! moa dcefvo! mo aj nj}uvjaopj! moanjkbebon}c r mo aj euov}o! mo aj{ ejnbgo{}jkbcno{ mo ac{ goneonc{nj}uvjao{ r mo aj wbmj mo{xu{ mo {}j. Oa kcnckbebon}c bexjv}bmc jaBnbkbjmc wovfja r {befabkjeon}o! j{ kcec }jefbn xcv eombc mo ajvoxvo{on}jkbn mo ac{ xjxoao{ vb}uja{}bkc{! }uwc oa xvcx{b}c mobauebnjvac kcn vo{xok}c j o{}c{ eb{}ovbc{.


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XJV]O B

XOV CMC[ MO OTB []ONKB J

Nc o{ {ugbkbon}o mo`jv{o jvvj{}vjv xcv aj{ kcvvbon}o{ mo ajotb{}onkbj. Oa kuv{c mo aj wbmj o{} aaonc eukdj{ woko{ mo cf{}kuac{zuo }onoec{ zuo wonkov kcn tb}c. Gvjkj{jv {blnbgbkj zuo o{}jec{kcnmonjmc{ j {ov {ac kjvbkj}uvj{ mo dcefvo{.

Oa }vn{b}c duejnc oexbopj }jn xvcn}c kcec oa nbc vokbfo un

ncefvo ja njkov. Aj kcnko{bn moa ncefvo ejvkj oa jmwonbebon}c mounj nuowj otb{}onkbj. Aj lon}o mo aj jn}blomjm kvor zuo oa zuo nc}onj ncefvo! nc djfj njkbmc wovmjmovjeon}o.

R jzu o{} oa xvbeov cf{}kuac xvbnkbxja0 oa jmwonbebon}c mo ajxufov}jm o{} jkcexjjmc mo unj eo}jecvgc{b{ g{bkj r x{bkcalbkj mo}ja nj}uvjaopj! zuo oa nuowc {ov xjvoko oeovlov mo aj k{kjvj xvc}ok}cvjmo aj bngjnkbj.

Oa ej}vbecnbc }jefbn jnunkbj unj nuowj gj{o on aj otb{}onkbj.Aj wbmj mo aj xjvo`j nc vozubovo aj kvojkbn mo unj jvecnj {u}ba rxovejnon}o on}vo ac{ kuovxc{ r aj{ jaej{ % unj eo}jecvgc{b{ eu}uj3.

On ac zuo vo{xok}j ja xvcko{c aon}c moa onwo`okbebon}c! }jefbn

xvo{on}j nuowc{ xvcfaoej{. Aj{ gjkua}jmo{ mb{ebnuron! r mo{mo jdcvjon jmoajn}o! aj wbmj vozubovo eonc{ o{xjkbc. Kcn oa gbn mo {uf{b{}bv {bnun {on}bebon}c mo mo{o{xovjkbn! mofo djfov {jfbmuvj. R gbnjaeon}o! {ojkovkj aj euov}o. Oa {ov duejnc mofo onkjvjvaj {bn }oecv! r! {bnvoxvckdo! xj{jv xcv aj }vjn{bkbn.

J{! oa njkbebon}c! aj xufov}jm! oa ej}vbecnbc! oa onwo`okbebon}c raj euov}o! voxvo{on}jn xvuofj{ bnowb}jfao{. [b aj{ ongvon}jec{ goabp cmo{o{xovjmjeon}o! {b aj{ koaofvjec{ c mo`jec{ xj{jv bnjmwov}bmj{!oaaj{ }vjpjn oa {onmovc moa dcefvo. Kcn kjmj xvuofj {uxovjmj! oexbopjunj nuowj gj{o mo aj wbmj. Ja gbnja mo kjmj xovcmc! jxjvoko oa xovgba mo

un nuowc {ov.O{ wovmjm zuo jk}ujaeon}o oa ncefvo }bono moej{bjmj }onmonkbjj nc koaofvjv aj{ wjvbj{ o}jxj{ mo wbmj zuo }bono zuo j}vjwo{jv. Rj nc{bon}o kcn aj eb{ej jlumopj kun}c kjefbj kcn kjmj cf{}kuac zuowonko. Xckc j xckc! {o wuoawo bnkcn{kbon}o mo {u eo}jecvgc{b{. Jajaajnjv ac{ {onmovc{ mo {u wbmj! ja voecwov }cmc{ ac{ cf{}kuac{ on {uvu}j xjvj gjkbab}jv {u }vjrok}cvbj! nbolj unj wovmjm9 {o ebon}o j {eb{ec. Xovmbmc on unj nbofaj gjajp moa jaej! wj on mo{jkuovmc kcn ajkjmonkbj wb}ja bexvo{kbnmbfao. Jdcvj! aj{ xvolun}j{ jnlu{}bc{j{ {cfvo oa


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{blnbgbkjmc mo aj wbmj! xvcwbonon xvbnkbxjaeon}o mo aj xvmbmj mo o{}ovb}ec o{onkbja.

Eur xcv oa kcn}vjvbc! aj lon}o r aj{ kbwbabpjkbcno{ mo aj jn}blomjm{bn}bovcn xvcgunmjeon}o kujn bexcv}jn}o ovj koaofvjv kjmj o}jxj mo ajwbmj. Ja voxvo{on}jv {u{ vb}c{ mo }vn{b}c zuo nc {ac ovjn gbo{}j{xjvj koaofvjv oa jmwonbebon}c j un nuowc xovcmc mo otb{}onkbj! }cmj ajkceunbmjm mjfj unj wbk}cvbc{j jkclbmj j aj nuowj o}jxj mo aj wbmj! xcveombc mo unj {ovbo mo jk}c{ mo xcmov kvoj}bwc. On}vjv j un nuowc kbkackcn aj jrumj mo aj kceunbmjm r xcv eombc moa xcmov moa vb}uja! {blnbgbkaaoljv j {ov bnbkbjmc.

Otb{}on % un dokdc {uejeon}o bexcv}jn}o % aj{ bnbkbjkbcno{ mo ajeuov}o. Aj euov}o! aj lvjn }vjn{bkbn! o{ aj bnbkbjkbn gbnja. ]cmj ajlon}o moa eunmc otblo zuo oa nogb}c j}vjwbo{o xcv aj xvuofj mo aj

euov}o r otxovbeon}o {u{ }cveon}c{! xjvj zuo njpkj mo nuowc.

Ac{ Eb{}o v bc{

]ja o{ oa xvcx{b}c mo o{}j{ mck}vbnj{ r xvk}bkj{ {okvo}j{aajejmj{ Eb{}ovbc{! ac{ kujao{ ovjn kceuno{ on oa Eombc Cvbon}o! onLvokbj r on aj Jn}bluj Vcej.

Oa vb}uja guo bn}vcmukbmc xjvj kjefbjv aj kujabmjm moa jaej moancwbkbc! xjvj oaowjv {u kcn{kbonkbj j un nbwoa {cfvoduejnc r xjvjkcnwov}bvac on un {ov o}ovnc. J{! ac{ vb}ujao{ mo Jmcnb{ c ]jeeup on oaKovkjnc Cvbon}o! mo C{bvb{ on Olbx}c! mo Cvgoc on aj{ B{aj{ mo Lvokbj! moMbcnb{bc on Dajmo % }cmc{ voxvo{on}jvcn j aj euov}o r j aj vo{uvvokkbnmo ejnovj zuo unc xcmj otxovbeon}jv {befabkjeon}o un o{}jmc{uxovduejnc r aj wbmj o}ovnj.

X{bkcalbkjeon}o! o{}j{ xvk}bkj{ vo{ua}jvcn on aj wovmjmovjwbk}cvbj moa dcefvo {cfvo oa }oecv j aj euov}o. J }vjw{ mo aj euov}obnbkbj}bwj! oa {ov duejnc o{} jf{cau}jeon}o kcnwonkbmc mo zuo {ovxvbwjmc mo ac{ }cveon}c{ mo aj euov}o! zuo o{ aj {uov}o moa dcefvokcen. Mo dokdc! a {o {jawj xcvzuo dj {bmc bnbkbjmc.

Aj Kbumjm mo Jfr mc{

Xvbeovc! bvoec{ j Jfrmc{ j gbn mo kcnckov j ac{ bnbkbjmc{ moaJn}bluc Olbx}c. _nj kbumjm eur {jlvjmj! Jfrmc{! ufbkjmj ja ncv}o mo]ofj{! kcfb` j unj mo aj{ e{ jn}bluj{ nokvxcab{ mo aj db{}cvbj. Jaarjkon ac{ xvbeovc{ voro{ $oexopjnmc on oa jc ;.688 J.K.". _njkcn{}jn}o mowckbn voablbc{j! dbpc xovmuvjv o{}c{ koeon}ovbc{ mo kjmjxovcmc! j ac ajvlc mo aj kc{}j jkjn}bajmj mo Abfbj! j xo{jv mo aj{ kjmj{mo ac{ bexovbc{. Nc o{ mo ot}vjjv! on}cnko{! zuo nuowo mkbec{ mo aj{o{}oaj{ gunovjvbj{ moa Vobnc Eombc $68?6 j :


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Ejxj mo Ol bx } c


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Kec xcmoec{ otxabkjv o{}j ejvjj mo nokvxcab{ mo }vo{ebaonbc{ r o{}o mox{b}c xvcmblbc{c mo mckueon}c{3. Oa dokdc o{ zuoo{}j kbumjm guo mc{ woko{ wonovjfao. [bonmc cvblbnjaeon}o oa a}becauljv mo mo{kjn{c mo ac{ xvbeovc{ gjvjcno{! ja oexopjv oa {olunmcebaonbc! aaol j {ov oa lujvmbn mo aj kjfopj mo C{bvb{! oa [jawjmcv! zubonkcnmu`c j ac{ dcefvo{ j aj bnecv}jabmjm.

Aj xjv}o e{ wjabc{j moa kuovxc mbwbnc mo{kujv}bpjmc xcv [o}d! oaMbc{ moa Eja! rjko on o{}o auljv {jlvjmc mo Olbx}c! xvc}olbmc on un{jn}ujvbc r kcvcnjmc kcn mc{ xauej{. Oa [jlvjmc [oxuakvc guokcn{}vubmc ja {uv mo aj kbumjm! on un auljv aajejmc Xoiov. Ja ncv}o {oonkcn}vjfj oa lvjn {jn}ujvbc mo C{bvb{! ovblbmc ja xvbnkbxbc mo aj db{}cvbj% oexopjnmc kcn aj xvbeovj mbnj{}j % ecmoajmc mo nuowc! mo{}vubmc rvokcn{}vubmc wjvbj{ woko{9 }cmc ac zuo dj zuomjmc dcr o{ un mb{oc!

jxonj{ wb{bfao! moa auljv mo {u{ {uko{bwj{ xckj{.R {bn oefjvlc! `un}c kcn oa [jlvjmc [oxuakvc! o{}o }oexac guo oakvb{ca mo aj go C{bvbjnj. Aj voabzubj bno{}bejfao % aj kjfopj mo C{bvb{ %kcngovj {cfvo a un juvj {bn bluja mo xcmov {jlvjmc.

Dj kjefbjmc }jn}c aj eon}jabmjm mo aj{ ej{j{3. Xjv{ vbnmodcncvo{ j {u dvco mo{kcnckbmc kcn {u jvkc }vbungja. Ec{k xvo{ovwj ac{vo{}c{ mo Aonn. Xjvoko zuo kjmj kbumjm ot}vjo {u guovpj mo ac{ aoljmc{mo {u{ lvjnmo{ euov}c{. Xovc! nc guo C{bvb{! kurj vo{uvvokkbnxvceo}b aj wbmj o}ovnj j kjmj dcefvo xc! oa e{ xcmovc{c mo }cmc{3.

J{! Olbx}c zub{c ecvbv on Jfrmc{0 ecvbv kovkj moa mbc{! mo{kjn{jvon aj xjp zuo oejnjfj moa [oxuakvc [jlvjmc r otxovbeon}jv oa ebajlvcmo aj vo{uvvokkbn fj`c {u jexjvc. O{}o guo oa {uoc mo }cmc un xuofac!mo {blac on {blac. Jr*! nc dj zuomjmc njmj mo Jfrmc{! otkox}c vubnj{ r un {ac fj{}bn0oa {jn}ujvbc mo [o}b B r oa ot}vjc ombgbkbc kcn}bluc! aajejmc oa C{bvo bcn.


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XJV]O B B

OA C[B VOB CN MO JFRMC[

O{}j o{}vuk}uvj o{ bnmumjfaoeon}o aj e{ eb{}ovbc{j on oa Wjaaomoa Nbac. [u kcn{}vukkbn oexop muvjn}o oa vobnjmc mo [o}b B $mo ajMbnj{}j TBT! moa jc :;88 J.K." r on oa cvblon guo kcexao}jeon}o{uf}ovvnoj. Kcn{b{}o mo un kcvvomcv ajvlc r cf{kuvc zuo kcnmuko j un{jan aaonc mo jluj. On oa kon}vc mo o{}o o{}jnzuo {o oaowj unj

otxajnjmj vok}jnluajv! unj o{xokbo mo b{aj vcmojmj xcv lvuo{c{ xbajvo{dokdc{ mo lvjnb}c vc{jmc! djkbj aj kuja {o aaolj xcv mc{ o{kjaovj{.Kua xuomo {ov oa cf`o}c mo o{}j ot}vjcvmbnjvbj jvzub}ok}uvj

kcexao`j3. [ovj un konc}jgbc mo [o}b B! kurc ncefvo o{} bn{kvb}c on ajon}vjmj moa kcvvomcv r on oa {jan kon}vja3. O{ eur xc{bfao! rj zuo aj{xjvomo{ moa kcvvomcv o{}n kufbov}j{ kcn bn{kvbxkbcno{ gunovjvbj{! }jakcec aj{ }uefj{ moa Wjaao mo ac{ Voro{9 jmoe{! un kujv}c wjkc ro{xjkbc{c! voebnb{konkbj mo ac{ mo aj{ xbvebmo{ mo [jijvj! mo{xaoljmc{ja ajmc o{}o moa C{bvobcn! owckjnmc belono{ mo un oncveo {jvkgjlc.

[jan Kon} vj a ! C{ b vo bcn m o Jfrm c{


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Ej{! }vo{ c kuj}vc {blac{ mo{xu{ mo {u kcn{}vukkbn! o{}o ombgbkbcguo wb{}c kcec un auljv mombkjmc j aj jmcvjkbn mo C{bvb{. Eukdc{ {cnac{ mj}c{ jvzuocalbkc{ zuo xjvokon vo{xjamjv o{}j dbx}o{b{. Xvbeovc!aj otxajnjmj zuo {o oaowj on oa {jan kon}vja aaonc mo jluj r xvcwb{}c momc{ o{kjaovj{! nc djfj {bmc njmj eonc{ zuo aj eb{ej fj{o xvbecvmbja!on mcnmo aj euov}o guo wonkbmj ja jejnokov. Jaa! {oln aj }vjmbkbn!C{bvb{ rjko on {u {oxuakvc. [olunmc! aj{ mc{ kjwbmjmo{ otkjwjmj{ on oaxjwbeon}c mo aj otxajnjmj! kurc xvcx{b}c nc xumc {ov c}vc zuo oa mojaejkonjv oa {jvkgjlc moa mbc{ r oa {jn}ujvbc {jlvjmc! kcn}onbonmc {u{w{kovj{ % }ja wop {u kjfopj. Gbnjaeon}o! ac{ dcrc{ kbvkuajvo{ otkjwjmc{javomomcv moa {jan kon}vja r aaonjmc{ kcn }bovvj gv}ba! u{jmc{ xjvjkcn{ovwjv vfcao{ wovmo{! {efcac{ mo aj o}ovnbmjm mo C{bvb{ vo{ukb}jmc.

Xcmoec{ wov jdcvj oa xvcx{b}c moa C{bvobcn0 [o}b B zub{c zuo ac{

vb}c{ {jlvjmc{ guovjn dokdc{ on Jfrmc{! xjvj j{oluvjv {u bnecv}jabmjmkovkj mo C{bvb{! r! j aj wop! xovxo}ujv oa kua}c ja lvjn mbc{. Xcvkcn{blubon}o! oa konc}jgbc voja ovj unj }uefj C{bvbjnj }jefbn.

Oa C{b vo bc n! _nj Vxa bkj moa [jn} ujv bc mo C{b v b{ on Jfrm c{

Nc mofoec{ kcngunmbv o{}o {jn}ujvbc kcn oa {jn}ujvbc xvbnkbxjaufbkjmc ja ncv}o mo Jfrmc{! kurj{ vubnj{ o{}n jn o{xjvkbmj{ on oaauljv kcnckbmc kcec Ice oa [ua}n.

Vjvc{ {cn ac{ mckueon}c{ zuo eonkbcnjn o{}o {b}bc bau{}vo! xovcaj{ xckj{ mo{kvbxkbcno{ zuo xvcwoon! vowoajvn xvcn}c un dokdc{cvxvonmon}o. On oa Eu{oc mo Jvzuocaclj mo Ejv{oaaj! otb{}o un{jvkgjlc zuo }bono o{kuaxbmc un ecn}okbaac vomcnmojmc! kcvcnjmc kcnkuj}vc vfcao{ xvc}olbmc{ xcv mc{ mbc{o{ kcn kjfopj{ mo kjvnovc.

[bn nbnlunj mumj! C{bvb{ rjko mofj`c mo o{}j acej. [u ncefvoo{} bn{kvb}c jaa! r ja xvbnkbxbc mo aj bn{kvbxkbn! jvvbfj moa kujmvc! {o aookajvjeon}o0

O{ } j o{ a j ace j zuo cku a } jMon } v c $ o a Kuov xc " mo{kce xuo{ } c 9

O{ o a Auljv [jlv jmc

Mo C{ b v b { zu bon e cvj on o a Co{}o .

Oa ecn}okbaac r ac{ kuj}vc vfcao{! xcv ac }jn}c! jaumon ja gjec{c{oxuakvc mo C{bvb{. Xovc on{olubmj nc{ wbono j aj eon}o aj otxajnjmj moaC{bvobcn % {befcabpjnmc }jefbn oa ecn}kuac xvbecvmbja zuo oaowj {cfvoaj{ jluj{ oa {jvkgjlc moa mbc{ % j{ kcec ac{ vfcao{ mo volonovjkbno}ovnj! onkujmvjnmc ja {jan kon}vja.


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[jvkgjlc Nc. 7< ! Xov cmc [j b }o . B nm b } c .Eu{oc Jvzu oc al bkc ! Ejv{o aaj

Mo}j a a o{ mo a [jvk gjlc Nc. 7 < !Ejv {oa a j . B nm b } c .


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Xcmvj {ov oa C{bvobcn mo [o}b B unj beb}jkbn moa lvjn }oexac onvubnj{ mo Jfrmc{3. [b jalunj wop {o kcngbvejvj! o{}o dokdc {ovj mobexcv}jnkbj mokb{bwj! xcvzuo }cmj aj xvclvo{bn bnbkbj}cvbj moa gjec{c{jn}ujvbc xovmbmc! xcmvj djfov {bmc kcnkofbmj }jefbn on aj kcexao`jjvzub}ok}uvj moa C{bvobcn! zuo jn {o onkuon}vj on xbo. O{}c! xcv ac}jn}c! xvo{ovwjvj bn}jk}c % un dokdc nbkc moa jn}bluc Olbx}c r jn onaj db{}cvbj mo aj{ jn}bluj{ kbwbabpjkbcno{ % aj voxvcmukkbn otjk}j moamokcvjmc mcnmo {o aaowjvcn j kjfc aj{ xvk}bkj{ e{ {okvo}j{! muvjn}oaj ovj gjvjnbkj.

Jdcvj xcmoec{ kcnkaubv zuo0

:.% On oa }ovvb}cvbc {jlvjmc mo Jfrmc{! oa lvjn }oexac mo C{bvb{o{} kcexao}jeon}o mo{}vubmc. [bn oefjvlc! wjvbc{

mckueon}c{ $xcv o`oexac! oa Xjxbvc mo J N D J B ! aebnj Nc.:8! c oa Xjxbvc LVOONGB OA! aebnj :84! on oa Eu{ocFvb}nbkc"! kcn{ovwjn {u{ kjvjk}ov{}bkj{ xvbnkbxjao{0 mofj`cmo un ecn}kuac vcmojmc mo vfcao{ djfj un o{}jnzuo aaoncmo jluj! on mcnmo {o aowjn}jfjn ac{ xbajvo{ zuo {cxcv}jfjnoa }okdc moa {jn}ujvbc9 r moa kon}vc mo o{}o o{}jnzuo!oeovlj unj }ovvjpj kcn mc{ o{kjaovj{! {cfvo aj{ kujao{rjkj aj ecebj mo C{bvb{.

6.% O{}j mo{kvbxkbn! xcv eur fvowo zuo {oj! bneombj}jeon}omo{xbov}j unj kcexjvjkbn kcn oa C{bvobcn kcn{}vubmc xcv[o}b B % oa kuja xjvoko {ov unj vxabkj otjk}j moa }oexacxovmbmc. Jn xcmoec{ wov oa o{}jnzuo! ac{ xbajvo{! ajotxajnjmj kcn aj{ mc{ o{kjaovj{! aj{ mc{ kjwbmjmo{kcn{}vubmj{ xjvj kcn}onov oa {jvkgjlc r oa {jn}ujvbc zuokcn}bono aj{ w{kovj{9 gbnjaeon}o! ac{ dcrc{ on mcnmo ac{vfcao{ wovmo{ {cajn jmcvnjv }cmc oa {jn}ujvbc on}ovvjmcmofj`c mo aj jvonj. ]cmc{ o{}c{ mj}c{ jvzuocalbkc{ bnmbkjnoa dokdc mo zuo [o}b B bn}on} voxvcmukbv aj jvzub}ok}uvjkcexao`j moa lvjn }oexac mo C{bvb{ on Jfrmc{.

;.% Mo jzu aj kcnkau{bn mo zuo! kcec oa C{bvobcn xjvoko {ovunj kcxbj moa }oexac mo{}vubmc! }cmc{ ac{ mo}jaao{ mo ac{

}ot}c{ voajkbcnjmc{ kcn a! xuomon {ov }vjn{govbmc{! {bnjvvbo{ljv moej{bjmc ovvcv! j aj jvzub}ok}uvj kcexao`j moaC{bvobcn mo [o}b! jn on xbo.


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XJV]O B B B

AJ[ B NB KB JKB CNO[ ON JFRMC[

Xvbeovc! mofoec{ {jfov {b aj{ bnbkbjkbcno{ {okvo}j{ {o aaowjvcn jkjfc on Olbx}c! o{xokbjaeon}o on Jfrmc{. Ja vo{xok}c! otb{}o un }ot}ceur jn}bluc! jxvctbejmjeon}o moa jc 6888 J.K.! kcexao}jeon}omo{kcnckbmc dj{}j jdcvj! zuo mj unj vo{xuo{}j jgbvej}bwj0

Xj v j {olu b v j m b c{ j {u e cv jmj !On {u } ue fj. ..Jnuf b{ {jn} b g b kj oa cku a }c E b{ }o v bc mo C{b v b {$ On " o a Wja a o {jl v jmc mo a Ejo{} v c mo a j W bmj $ C{b v b { " .$ O{" a j b n b k bjk bn mo ac{ e b{ }o v bc{Mo a Ejo{} v c mo Jfrmc{ * .

Zu xcmvj {ov e{ owbmon}o3. Oa mbc{ Jnufb{! oa kdjkja mo aj{nokvxcab{! xjv}bkbx on aj xvo{on}jkbn mo unj bnbkbjkbn mo ac{eb{}ovbc{ mbvblbmj xcv C{bvb{! oa ejo{}vc mo Jfrmc{. Xcv kcn{blubon}o! o{djkbj o{}o auljv {jlvjmc zuo mofoec{ mbvblbvnc{ xjvj bejlbnjv % kcn aj

jrumj mo }ot}c{ Olbxkbc{ mo wjvbj{ gokdj{ r cvlono{ % kec {omo{onwcawb oa xvcko{c bnbkbj}bwc on aj xckj mo ac{ gjvjcno{.

Aj Lvjn @cvnjm j0 Jnu fb{! o a Luj

Jnufb{ mj aj fbonwonbmj ja xc{}uajn}o on oa uefvja moa mcebnbc{jlvjmc. O{ un mbc{ mo j{xok}c }ovvbfao! voaj}j oa o{kvb}cv aj}bncJxuaorc! mo{xu{ zuo dbpc {u bnbkbjkbn on oa {olunmc {blac mo nuo{}vjovj! un mbc{ zuo djko aj{ woko{ mo eon{j`ovc on}vo ac{ eunmc{ moakboac r moa bngbovnc! kcn unj kjvj eb}jm nolvj r eb}jm mcvjmj! kcn aj

kjfopj ja}j r jajvljnmc cvluaac{jeon}o {u kuoaac mo xovvc.a o{} onkbej mo }cmc oa Eb{ }o v bc . _n {blnc `ovclagbkc acvoxvo{on}j vokc{}jmc {cfvo un lvjn kcgvo. O{}o kcgvo ckua}j aj{ w{kovj{mo C{bvb{. Ac{ }ot}c{ {o vogbovon j a kcec oa {jvkgjlc moa eb{}ovbc!xcvzuo mo}v{ mo {u{ xjvomo{! ja xvbnkbxbc mo aj db{}cvbj! ckuvvb unxvcmblbc{c owon}c0 oa vonjkbebon}c mo C{bvb{ % r owon}ujaeon}o mo }cmc{ac{ euov}c{ % j}vbfurnmcac ja xcmov mo ac{ vb}c{ kvojmc{ xcv Jnufb{.

[b! mo{mo aj }uefj mo ]u}jnidjeon! un bexvo{bcnjn}o kdjkjanolvc dj oeovlbmc % vokc{}jmc {cfvo un kcgvo zuo kcn}bono aj{ w{kovj{moa vor % o{ {oluvjeon}o xjvj bnecv}jabpjv aj wblbabj moa mbc{ zuo


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: 4

On o{}o eceon}c! Jnufb{ j{ueo {u xjxoa kcexao}c0 {o kcnwbov}oon Luj % }ja kcec Doveo{ on Lvokbj % r Jfvbmcv mo ac{ {onmovc{.

Aj Cf{kuv bmjm r aj{ Xuov }j{

Xjvj kjmj bnbkbjmc! oa xvclvo{c djkbj aj bauebnjkbn }bono oa eb{ecxvoaumbc0 aj ajvlj }vjwo{j! xcv oa mcebnbc {jlvjmc! fj`c aj luj moJnufb{. Auolc! aj on}vjmj {caoeno ja {jn}ujvbc! zuo on o{}o kj{c {o djkcnwov}bmc on oa }oexac mo bnbkbjkbn! kcec {bluo0

On } v jmj j a } oe x acMo C{b v b { on M òmu $ 5 Fu{ bv b { " .

xuomo aoov{o on ac{ ]ot}c{ mo ac{ [jvkgjlc{! {blubnmcao un mbaclcbn}ovo{jn}o! moa kuja {o dj {oaokkbcnjmc ac zuo {bluo0

Lujvm bn 0 Zubn o{ oa zuo on}vjJa {jn}ujvbc Mo C{bvb{ on Mòmu3...Zubn {o jkovkj j o{}j Jaej3...Mo mnmo wbono! oaZuo j{kbonmo djkbj o{}j JaejCkua}j xcv unj ja}j acej3.% _n {okvo}cMoa kuja nc {jfoec{*.

Xc{ } u a jn } o 0 bfvoeo aj xuov}j*On wovmjm! {cr mblnc mo jxvokbc[cr jalubon zuo ${jfo" kec lujvmjv un {okvo}c![cr un {ovwbmcv on oa }oexac mo C{bvb{*...fvoeo aj xuov}j*[cr un $dcefvo" zuo kcnckoAj gveuaj elbkjGub bnbkbjmc on o{}j{ $kc{j{ {okvo}j{"!R nc aj{ voxo}bv

Ja zuo nc o{} bnbkbjmc.

On aj xuov}j moa }oexac! oa kjnmbmj}c o{ bn{}vubmc r {u bn}onkbnvowoajmj0 mo{oj j{konmov djkbj oa [jn}c mo ac{ [jn}c{! kon}vc mo ajo{xbvb}ujabmjm! mcnmo oa Jaej mo C{bvb{ bvvjmbj9 zubovo jkovkjv{o j ajacej {jlvjmj fj`c aj kuja rjko oa Mbc{ [jawjmcv. R jzu {bluo ajvo{xuo{}j moa wbjòvc! otxvo{jmj on un }cnc xovon}cvbc0

Zuo {o e o jf v jn a j{ xuo v } j{ * .Nc do v oxo } b mc a c zuo nc mofo mokb v {o .


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: 2

[cr j a lu b on zuo $ {jfo" kec lu jv mj v un {okv o } c .

Auolc aj{ xuov}j{ {o jfvon. [bn oefjvlc! oa b}bnovjvbc mo ajbnbkbjkbn {o jmjx}j ja xajn mo kjmj {jn}ujvbc. Xcv o`oexac! on Fu{bvb{ oakjnmbmj}c mofj kvupjv }cmc oa }oexac jn}o{ mo aaoljv ja [jn}c mo ac{[jn}c{9 on Jfrmc{! {o mbvblj mbvok}jeon}o ja {uf}ovvnoc! djkbj oa{jan jku}bkc! on mcnmo o{} {ueovlbmj aj }uefj.

Mo o{}c vo{ua}jn on ac{ }ot}c{ bexcv}jn}o{ wjvbjkbcno{ r oa Abfvcmo ac{ Euov}c{ }vj}j mo vokcnkbabjvac{0

Xjvj e ! a j{ xuov }j{ mo ac{ Kbo ac{$ 5 a j x u ov } j m o a {j n } u j v b c "O{ } n jf bo v } j{ je x a b jeon } o 9

Xjvj e ! a j{ xuov } j{ mo aj ] bo v vjO{ } n jf bo v } j{ je x a b jeon } o 9Xjvj e ! a j{ kov v jmuv j{ mo a $m bc{" Lofo{} n { b n kov v j v .

Kec xuomo nc vokcvmjv{o oa C{bvobcn mo Jfrmc{3. On Jfrmc{!un xj{j`o {uf}ovvnoc mo jxvctbejmjeon}o :88 eo}vc{ mo ajvlc! guomb{ojmc xcv un xuofac mbablon}o on {u jvzub}ok}uvj! xjvj zuo oa jaej {ojkc{}uefvjvj j cawbmjv aj{ bau{bcno{ moa eunmc. Cawbmjv{o mo aj{}on}jkbcno{ r fj`jv j o{}j }bovvj! {blnbgbk ac eb{ec zuo voncwjv ajonovlj zuo aj wbmj djfj kcn{uebmc.

Nc o{ aj ]bovvj aj ej}vbp zuo mj aj fbonwonbmj ja vfca xjvj zuomo{jvvcaao aj vjp r fvc}o {u gvu}c3. Nc o{ oaaj aj Ejmvo eb{}ovbc{j zuo}bono on {u kuovxc vckj{! xajn}j{! jnbejao{ r dcefvo{3. ]cmc{ ac{ {ovo{wbwbon}o{ {o ejn}bonon mo oaaj r }cmj{ aj{ kc{j{ wuoawon djkbj oaaj j ajdcvj mo aj euov}o. On aj on}vjj ej}ovnja! }cmc{ ac{ {ovo{ {oonkuon}vjn on un o{}jmc mo voxc{c! o{xovjnmc xjvj wcawov j njkov.Kujnmc oa dcefvo euovo! volvo{j }jefbn j o{}j ej}vbp! {bebajv jaoefvbn! r jaa xvoxjvj {u vonjkbebon}c.

]cmj aj duejnbmjm dj {on}bmc % r jn ac otxovbeon}j % oa xcmovkvoj}bwc! oa eb{}ovbc bnotxabkjfao mo aj ]bovvj! {u Ejmvo. Xvbeovc! ac{

bnbkbjmc{ {jfon zuo ja mo{konmov on {u{ on}vjj{ {o xov}uvfjvn on ajcf{kuvbmjm! xjvj auolc wcawov j njkov. Aj ajvlj nckdo x{zubkj moaxvcko{c bnbkbj}bwc o{ un volvo{c j ac{ cvlono{. O{ jaa on mcnmo oadcefvo mofov fjjv{o r {jabv mo{xbov}c on bauebnjkbn.

Oa A bfvc mo ac{ Euov } c{ xvckajej oa ebajlvc mo o{}j ejnovj0

]u e on } o o{} a bex bjOn a j e cv jmj mo a j Cf{ku v b mjm * .


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[bn oefjvlc! jn}o{ mo jfvbv ac{ c`c{ j aj Lvjn Aup! unc mofowbj`jv ja eunmc mo aj cf{kuvbmjm! on mcnmo njmj jaumj j aj otb{}onkbj}ovvonja. Jn}o{ mo zuo xuomj jmzubvbv un kcnckbebon}c e{ oaowjmc! oadcefvo % rj {oj euov}c c wbwc! muvjn}o aj bnbkbjkbn c mo{xu{ mo ajeuov}o % mofo cawbmjv xvbeovc j aj ]bovvj r j {u{ bau{bcno{.

Xovc jzu! xbmo ac zuo mo{o kujnmc o{}uwc wbwc0 zubovo kceov rfofov! jejv r vo{xbvjv. Oa bn{on{j}c*. On aj C}vj Wbmj % c muvjn}o oaxvcko{c bnbkbj}bwc! oa kuja vogao`j {u o{onkbj % nc vokbfbv {u vjkbn mokovwopj nb oa jecv mo{ojmc. Xovc ao {ov c}cvljmc un }o{cvc bnblujajfao0Xjp Xvcgunmj r oa xcmov cenbxc}on}o mo aj Eon}o.

Oa A bfvc mo ac{ Euov }c{ kcn{bmovj aj on}vjmj mvje}bkj moadcefvo j ac{ Eb{}ovbc{! kcec unc mo ac{ mckueon}c{ e{ot}vjcvmbnjvbc{ mo aj ab}ovj}uvj unbwov{ja. Xjvj oa Kvojmcv moa Eunmc!

J}ue! aj kvbj}uvj }veuaj mbko aj{ {blubon}o{ xjajfvj{0

Oa Dce fvo 0 Cd J}ue $mbeo"!Xcv zu do wbj`jmc ja mo{bov}c3.Oa dokdc o{ zuo jzu nc djr jluj! nb fvb{j$O{}j ]bovvj" o{ xvcgunmj! xvcgunmjCf{kuvj! cf{kuvj![bn aeb}o{! nb gvcn}ovj{*.

Oa Mb c{0 R fbon! wbwbv{ kcn oa kcvjpn on xjp.

Oa Dce fvo 0 Xovc unc nc xuomo! jaa![j}b{gjkov oa jecv*.

Oa Mb c{0 O{ jaa on mcnmo do o{}jfaokbmcAc{ xcmovo{ Eon}jao{On auljv moa jluj r aj fvb{j9R moa xajkov moa jecv.R aj xjp eon}jaOn auljv moa xjn r mo aj kovwopj...

Oa Dce fvo 0 R! Kun}c{ jc{ wbwbv3.

Oa Mb c{0 Wbwbv{ xcv ebaacno{ r ebaacno{ $mo jc{"9$]u wbmj" muvjv xcv ebaacno{ $mo jc{"*.

]jn}j lacvbj mo{xu{ moa wbj`o {cab}jvbc*. O{xokbjaeon}o xjvj oabnbkbjmc! kcexao}jv kcn tb}c o{}o }vn{b}c guo oa xvbnkbxja cf`o}bwc9xcvzuo ja gbnja mo aj `cvnjmj % on oa e{ Jaa c on oa }oexac bnbkbj}bwc %Mbc{ o{xovjv xcv {u kvbj}uvj0


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O{}{ mo x bo on ac{ xc v } j ao{Zuo e jn } b ono j ao ` jmj j a j eu kdomue fv o 9Oa zuo o{ } j kjvlc mo a ue fvj a[o jkovkj $r kje bnj" djk bj } b .]o } ce j mo aj ejnc 9]o kcnmu ko j a Kbo acKovkj m o Lof! }u Xjmvo*O{}o Mbc{ {o volckb ` jKujn mc } o jkovkj{9]o ot } b onmo a j e jnc 9]o mj un fo{c!]o }c e j on {u{ fvjpc{ .Mo ajn }o mo aj{ c } v j{ Jae j{

J{blnj un a ulj v xj v j } b .

On o{}o gvjleon}c mo ac{ ]ot}c{ mo aj{ Xbvebmo{! oa vor mbgun}c!vo{ukb}jmc on oa Kboac! cf}bono aj jndoajmj kb}j kcn oa mbc{. [bn oefjvlc!on ac{ vb}ujao{ mo aj bnbkbjkbn! zuo {o djkon on aj }bovvj! on ajcf{kuvbmjm moa [jn}c mo ac{ [jn}c{! o{o dcefvo! `u{}bgbkjmc muvjn}ounj voxvo{on}jkbn }oj}vja! mofov wov j Mbc{ kjvj j kjvj.


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XJV]O B W

@_[]B GB KJKB N$ c Xvoxjvjkbn x j vj aj Nckdo [jn } j "

Mo zu kcn{b{}on otjk}jeon}o }cmc{ ac{ mo}jaao{ mo o{}jot}vjcvmbnjvbj voxvo{on}jkbn {jlvjmj3. Jn}o{ mo on}vjv j aj [jaj moa@ubkbc! oa kjnmbmj}c xj{j xcv unj xvoxjvjkbn. Jxuaorc! un bnbkbjmc moa[blac BB J.K.! otxvo{j abfvoeon}o {u{ xon{jebon}c{ {cfvo o{}o }oej.

_n {jkovmc}o kcn xcv}o bn{xbvjmcv... kcn unj wovmjmovj otxvo{bn{uxovduejnj! aoo xvbeovc aj{ {jlvjmj{ o{kvb}uvj{! aj{ kujao{ {jkj moun auljv ckua}c on aj xjv}o gbnja moa {jn}ujvbc.

[jkovmc}o aoronmc mo ajn } o mo un kjnm bmj } c 9} u e fj mo Ice% o a % Kdcu g jlj $ J ao ` jnm v j " .


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Ao bn{}vuro on aj xvoxjvjkbn noko{jvbj xjvj aj bnbkbjkbn. [ootblb ja gu}uvc bnbkbjmc lujvmjv {okvo}c mo ac zuo bfj j jxvonmov3. Jjkox}jv mo dcr on jmoajn}o wbwbv mo jkuovmc j Ejj} $Wovmjm%@u{}bkbj"3.J kcexvceo}ov{o bneombj}jeon}o! {bn voeb{bn! on aj wbmj o}ovnj3.

Vokuovmj! mbko B{b{! r kcn{ovwj lvjfjmc xjvj {boexvo on ajxvcgunmbmjm mo }u kcvjpn! oa dokdc mo zuo }cmj }u kjvvovj! dj{}j oa gbnmo }u wbmj r dj{}j oa a}bec {u{xbvc! eo aj dj{ mombkjmc.

Xcv kcn{blubon}o9 guo otblbmj unj xvceo{j. Oa ùvjeon}c guodokdc xvcfjfaoeon}o mon}vc moa {jn}ujvbc! }ja wop on oa dbx{}bac. Ono{}j xonuefvj ju{}ovj r {bn njmbo kcn zubon kcnwov{jv! oa kjnmbmj}c {oxvoxjv j{ xjvj ac{ lvjnmo{ Eb{}ovbc{ mo aj Nckdo [jn}j.

R jzu {u luj! }cenmcao mo aj ejnc! ao kcnmuko ja a}becjxc{on}c! on aj a}bej dcvj mo aj nckdo. ]vj}oec{ mo {on}bv aj oeckbn

{jlvjmj moa kjnmbmj}c on o{j dcvj*. Aj gjec{j [jaj moa @ubkbc % zuo ac{xjxbvc{ gunovjvbc{ {b}jn on Aj C}vj Wbmj % }uwc {u vxabkj on aj ]bovvj0oa auljv moa xvcko{c bnbkbj}bwc. O{ oa eb{}ovbc moa [jn}c mo ac{ [jn}c{. Jaao{ on mcnmo {o ùplj j aj{ jaej{! r on mcnmo {o onkuon}vj aj Fjajnpjmo aj @u{}bkbj.

On o{ }o m j {o kuon} jn ac{ ov vc v o{On g v on } o mo a Ejo{ } v c u n b wo v {j a .

Xjdovb! un bnbkbjmc on}vo eukdc{ c}vc{! vokuovmj oa xvo{}blbc{cowon}c on {u fbclvjgj0

Gu b a a je jmc! kc ackjmc on aj Fj ajnpj9 {j a $ mo a Kujv } c "Xo{jmc { bn gj a } j{ r {j awjmc .

Mo{xu{ moa jpc}o bexajkjfao mo aj ù{}bkbj! o{}n ac{ {jkovmc}o{cgbkbjn}o{. O{}c{! onej{kjvjmc{ on o{}j ckj{bn! djkon aj{ woko{ mombc{o{ moa @ubkbc. Jzu o{}n0 ]dc}! oa bfb{9 Jnufb{! oa kdjkja9 Dcvu{! oadjakn. Aj aup mo aj{ jn}cvkdj{ o{kuaxo gjkkbcno{ govcko{ on {u{ vc{}vc{!kcec belono{ mo{wjnokomcvj{ mo un {uoc gjn}{}bkc r euo{}vjn {u{

xovgbao{ ecwbnmc{o on aj{ xjvomo{! jnbejmc{ xcv oa guolc kdb{xojn}omo aj{ kcxj{. Oa kjnmbmj}c xovejnoko {bn ecwov{o on oa uefvja.J eb}jm mo aj nckdo! mbko Jxuaorc eb{}ovbc{jeon}o! Do wb{}c ja

[ca fvbaajv kcn vjrc{ auebnc{c{. Eo do jkovkjmc j ac{ mbc{o{... r ac{ dowb{}c kjvj j kjvj*.

O{}c{ mbc{o{ {cn otblon}o{ r kjmj unc wj j djkov xvolun}j{. Oakjx}uac :6? mo Oa A bfvc mo ac{ Euov }c { xjvoko kcn{ovwjv un vokuovmcmvje}bkc moa otjeon. Xvbeovc! ac{ mbc{o{ djfajn ja Lujvmbn moa_efvja0


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% Dljn ao on } v j v * c v monjn .

Mo{xu{! djfajn ja kjnmbmj}c0

Zubn ovo{3.Ke c } o a aje j{3.Zu kje bnc } ce j{}o3.R j a a ! Zu w b{ } o3 .

Oa wb{b}jn}o mj {u ncefvo r mokajvj ac zuo dj wb{}c. Auolc ac{mbc{o{ djfajn on kcvc0

[oj{ f bonwon bmc r k v upj o{} o ue fv j a

j aj [j aj mo Ejj} * .

Oa kjnmbmj}c jwjnpj. [bn oefjvlc! {u{ c`c{ o{}n gj{kbnjmc{ xcvaj jxjvbkbn mo unj gbluvj {jn}j r fajnkj.

Zu {cn aj{ kjvj{ kufbov}j{ kcn aj{ e{kjvj{ mo bfb{ c kdjkja!kcexjvjmj{ kcn aj gjp vjmbjn}o! duejnj! moa eon{j`ovc mo ajo{xovjnpj3. Mo}v{ mo aj fjajnpj o{} C{bvb{ % onwuoa}c o{}vokdjeon}oon {u bnejkuajmj ecv}j`j! {c{}onbonmc oa ko}vc r oa jpc}o.

Oa kjnmbmj}c djko unj vowovonkbj r {jaumj ja [jawjmcv0

C{ b v b { * Jzu o{}cr xjvj wov } u xov g okkbn !R e b { mc{ e jnc{ $ {o o aowjn "Lac v b g b kjnmc } u {jn } c nce fv o * .

]dc}! oa cenb{kbon}o bfb{! ao bnwb}j auolc j xvc{olubv0

Jkvkj }o e {.. . J zu bn jnu nk bjv3.

Oa wb{b}jn}o mbko kcn wcp xc}on}o0

Jnunk bj $ e b a aoljmj"

J a $ m b c { k u r j e c v j m j] bono un " } okdc on a a jej{ !Aj{ xjvomo{ mo {ovx bon }o{ w b w j{ !R o a x b {c $ kcec" un v c * .

O{}o mbc{ o{ C{bvb{*! zubon fj`j aj kjfopj kcec un {blnc moj{on}bebon}c. Kcnmukbmc xcv Dcvu{! oa djakn! oa kjnmbmj}c jwjnpj oneombc mo aj{ aajej{ kdb{xojn}o{ j aj [jaj mo Ejj}. Jn}o oa }vcnc mo Aup!xvckajej {u bnckonkbj }c}ja0


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6 ?

[j aumc{ xj v j } b ! l v jn m b c{ !Ejo{} v c mo Ejj} * . . .]o kcnc pkc!$ [" ! { } u nce fv o !R { ac{ nce fvo{Mo ac{ kujvon }j r mc{ m bc{o{Zuo o{}n $ j a a " kcn } blc . ..Nc do dokdc ej aDjk bj aj Due jnbmjm. . .N b n b nlun j e j amjm .. .[cr xu v c ! {cr xu v c ![cr xu vc ! {cr xuv c * .

Xjdovb! Xvnkbxo mo Oa Ijf mo aj Mbnj{}j TWBBB! mokajvj on {ufbclvjgj zuo guo otjebnjmc r onkcn}vjmc {bn gja}j r gbnjaeon}o{jawjmc.

Aj fjajnpj {c{}bono on unc mo {u{ xaj}baac{ un {efcac moa Jaej %oa jaej moa kjnmbmj}c kjvljmj kcn }cmj{ {u{ jkkbcno{ % r on oa c}vc! unjxauej! un kcn}vjxo{c mo aj @u{}bkbj! oa {efcac ej`o{}uc{c mo Ejj}*.

Auolc! oa mbc{ ]dc} volb{}vj oa xo{c r o{} mo jkuovmc kcn Ejj}0on wovmjm! o{}j jaej {o dj unbgbkjmc kcexao}jeon}o kcn Ejj}*.

Aj fjajnpj dj djfajmc r C{bvb{ xvckajej0

]o k cn k om c $ o a } } u a c m o " @u { } c ! ] v b u n g j m c v .On Ejj} $ a j wovmjm" ! o{ }{ bn b kbjmc* .$Xjxbvc ];6! Aobmon".

O{}o o{ oa eceon}c mokb{bwc kujnmc oa {ov duejnc {o unbgbkj kcnEjj}. Jzu {o kcnwbov}o on aj onkjvnjkbn mo Ejj}.

[b Olbx}c guo bexcv}jn}o % r jn ac o{ % {o mofo j zuo kcnmu`c ac{xvbeovc{ xj{c{ moa Dcefvo djkbj unj aup ejrcv. Kjmj unc xuomobmon}bgbkjv{o kcn Ejj}! aj jvecnj moa eunmc! j }vjw{ mo {u xvcxbj

kcnmuk}j. ]cmc{ xuomon gcvejv xjv}o mo Ejj} r cf}onov aj lacvbj on {uo}ovnbmjm.

Eo do un bmc kcn Ejj }$ Aj J v e cn j mo a Eunmc" !$ [ " ! a a owc j Ejj} ![cr o a je c mo Ejj } * .$]ot}c{ mo ac{ [jvkgjlc{! BW! ;;".


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6 7

Volonovjkbn

Mo{xu{ zuo oa kjnmbmj}c dj xvcfjmc {ov mblnc! un fjc ajwj}cmc{ ac{ vokuovmc{ mo {u xc{bkbn kcec dcefvo. _nj o{xbvb}ujabpjkbn j}vjw{ mo ac{ vb}ujao{! {bluo j aj oaowjkbn o{xbvb}uja. Ja on}vjv ja jlujfonmb}j moa ejv mo ac{ cvlono{ r auolc! ja {jabv mo oaaj! {oeo`jn}o j unnuowc [ca on oa xvbeov mj mo aj kvojkbn! oa {ov duejnc wuoawo j njkov{bn xj{jmc! {bn xokjmc{ r kcn aj o}ovnbmjm mo unj o{}voaaj0

O{ } jec{ jzu x v oxj v jmc{ xj v j w b w b v mo nuowc !

aooec{ on un dbenc {cajv!

n c { d oe c { { u e o v l b m cOn o a e jv x v be cv m b j a .Dj v o{} b } u b mc w b lc vJ jzu a zuo oex bopj mo nuowc $ {u " ` uwon } um .$ Zuo oa jnk bjnc" {o mo{xc `o mo {u{ wo{} bm uv j{Xjvj zuo c } vc {o aj{ xcnl j* .

[cn nueovc{c{ ac{ o{}jnzuo{ jm`un}c{ j ac{ }oexac{ on Olbx}c. O{jaa mcnmo {o aaowjvcn j kjfc ac{ vb}c{ mo aj xuvbgbkjkbn xjvj ac{{jkovmc}o{! r! xvcfjfaoeon}o! aj{ bnbkbjkbcno{ }jefbn {o dbkbovcn jaa.

Ajlc [jlvjmc! Ijvn ji


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6 4

Djfbnmc{o kcnwov}bmc on C{bvb{ % j }vjw{ mo aj `u{}bgbkjkbn % rkjronmc on lvjkbj kcn Vo $oa [ca" % xcv eombc moa vonjkbebon}c % oabnbkbjmc {ufo ac{ mcko xoamjc{ moa C{bvobcn zuo kcnmukon j ajotxajnjmj ej`o{}uc{j! r on}vo ac{ xbajvo{ ejkbpc{ zuo xvc}olon ja mbc{mbgun}c! vokbfo un nuowc wo{}bmc0 woac{ fajnkc{ mo abnc.

C{b v b { { bonmc vo{uk b }jmc fj `c o a vfc a [jlvjmc 9Monmov j .


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XJV]O W

AJ B A_EB NJKB N

Oa bnbkbjmc o{xovj aj ejnbgo{}jkbn mo Mbc{. [o {ceo}o r o{xovj.O{}o xovcmc mo o{xovj o{ eur bexcv}jn}o! xcvzuo kujn}c e{ }boexc re{ cfombonkbj otb{}jn! aj vowoajkbn mo aj Kc{j [jlvjmj xjvokov e{ot}vjcvmbnjvbj kujnmc aaoluo! j {u mofbmc }boexc. On oa xvcko{cbnbkbj}bwc! aj oxbgjnj o{ unj jxc}oc{b{! un o{}jmc mbwbnc. O{ xcv eombc

mo oaaj zuo {o jfvon aj{ xo{jmj{ xuov}j{ moa {ufkcn{kbon}o. Oa o{x aonmcv mo aj AupJ aue fv j e b { xj{c{* .

]ja o{ oa kajecv mo vomonkbn zuo onkbovvjn ac{ ]ot}c{ mo ac{[jvkgjlc{.

[cfvo aj otxajnjmj cf{kuvj! ac{ kj}jgjakc{ mcvjmc{ mo C{bvb{! oa[jawjmcv! kon}oaaojn kcn ac{ vogao`c{ xjvmc{ r jejvbaac{! zuo jmzubovonwbwopj fj`c aj aup mo aj{ jn}cvkdj{. Vokuovmon {ac oa lvb}c mojmebvjkbn zuo guo oeb}bmc kujnmc {o mo{kufvbovcn ac{ moa Vor

]u}jnidjeon*.Aj{ xuov}j{ moa [oxuakvc xvcn}c {o jfvbvn9 auolc! jxjvokov oa

{jvkgjlc mbwbnc kcn {u{ voabzubj{ {jlvjmj{.Onwuoa}c on abnc fajnkc! oa kjnmbmj}c o{xovj }cmjwj. ]cmc ac zuo

dj jxvonmbmc jkovkj mo C{bvb{ % {u{ {ugvbebon}c{! {u euov}o r ajvo{uvvokkbn zuo xvceo}b j ac{ dcefvo{ % }cmc ac zuo {u eon}o djkcnkofbmc mowc}jeon}o! ao {ov vowoajmc voxon}bnjeon}o xcv eombc moaj Aup. Aj kcngvcn}jkbn mjv xcv vo{ua}jmc unj xvcgunmj oeckbn! unj{jkumbmj xjvj oa jaej! zuo {oaajv oa xjk}c on}vo oa dcefvo r {u mbc{._n nuowc bnbkbjmc bauebnjv ja eunmc.

Jvfu{}c{ o{xo{c{ vcmojn aj }uefj mo C{bvb{! kcec gvo{kc{ }o{}blc{mo {u vo{uvvokkbn. Oaac{ onwuoawon {u kuovxc r ao mjn guovpj0

Aj x ajn } j w b w b on } o k v oko wov mo * .

unj bn{kvbxkbn mokajvj9

Kujnmc a j x a jn } j v owo v moko !Aj } b o v vj } je fbn ac djko* .Wo{! C{b v b { vo `u wonoko nuowje on} o * .


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; 8

On o{}o {b}bc oaowjmc mo jmcvjkbn! on aj b{aj mo Ejj} $CvmonK{ebkc r Wovmjm"! o{}o mbc{ jgbve {u ùwon}um! vo{ukb}. Oa gcaajò o{}o{}blc mo {u vo{uvvokkbn.

On }cvnc ja kjnmbmj}c! ac{ {jkovmc}o{ wjn r wbonon! xvoxjvjnmc ajjxov}uvj moa [jn}c [oxuakvc. [u{ ncefvo{ owckjn un onkjn}c elbkc0Lujvmbn mo aj{ Xuov}j{! Jvkdbwb{}j Bnejkuajmc! Ejo{}vc moa ]vcnc$Xjxbvc ];6 mo Aobmon".

Oa vb}uja mo aj jxjvbkbn mo C{bvb{! oa [jawjmcv! guo bnmumjfaoeon}oeur ajvlc. Bnkaubvj mbaclc{ {bebajvo{ j jzuoaac{ zuo guovcn dokdc{gvon}o j aj Fjajnpj mo Ejj}3. _nj{ kujn}j{ bnwckjkbcno{! o{xjvkbmj{ j}vjw{ mo ac{ }ot}c{! nc{ djkon xon{jv j{0

C{ b v b { *

[jawo! Mbc{ }o lujv mo*$ } z uo mo{kjn{j{" fj ` c $ } u " v o g ul b c {ok v o } c *] kurc kcvjpn {o dj mo }on bm c * $]ot}c{ mo ac{ [jvkgjlc{ WBB! :::2".

O{}j{ jxoajkbcno{ % r eukdj{ c}vj{ % nc{ djkon vokcvmjv aj{xjv}o{ ot}vjwbjmj{ moa lubn.

R on}cnko{ aj wcp {caoeno moa mbc{ vo}uefj on oa ]oexac0

M òn ao zu o jwjnko djk bj e . ..M òn ao zuo woj e b { do v b mj{* .$]ot}c{ mo ac{ [jvkgjlc{ B! :=6".

Wov aj{ dovbmj{ moa [jawjmcv! aj{ dovbmj{ mo C{bvb{ kcn aj{ kujao{{jaw ja dcefvo*. Xjvj oa jaej mowc}j! nc djr c}vj jxjvbkbn zuo {oblujao j aj moa lvjn mbc{ vo{ukb}jmc*.

Ac{ xovnc{ lvuo{c{ mo ac{ kj}jgjakc{ {ja}jvcn mo aj{ kovvjmuvj{.Aj{ xuov}j{ mcvjmj{! {oebjfbov}j{! on eombc moa gcaajò wovmo0

Xjvj } b ! a j{ xuov }j{ mo a Dcv b pcn} oMo a C} v c Eunmc ! {o jf v b ov cn * .

$Xjxbvc ];6! Aobmon"

Do jzu oa Mbc{*. Do jzu oa gcnmc moa j}jm {jlvjmc*. C{bvb{o{} wcawbonmc j njkov lvjkbj{ ja xcmov moa vb}uja*. [u kjfopj o{kcvcnjmj! {u kuovxc o{} }vjnzubac r {u ecv}j`j o{} bnejkuajmj. ]cmc{u {oefajn}o o{ ejò{}uc{c.

Oa Xc{}uajn}o euveuvj0

Lv jn m b c{ ![cr } u d b ` c


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; :

Kcn} oe x ajnmc } u E b {} o v b c .$Abfvc mo ac{ Euov}c{! TABW".

O{}o aj mo a [jkovmc} o Cun%Nogov b 9 Eu{oc Fv b }n bkc !Nc. 48 4! x bomvj kj a b pj . B nm b } c .

Oa {jkovm c} o j akjnpjnmc o a } cxo mo aj{ o{kjaovj{!jf v o o a ja c ` je bon } c mo a njc{ mo a j a }j v C{ b v b jnc.

Kcn}oexajv oa Eb{}ovbc o{ xjv}bkbxjv on a! r o{ }jefbn

vo{ukb}jv kcec C{bvb{. O{ kcec kcnwov}bv{o on un C{bvb{. O{ un eceon}ckvukbja r oa knb} voajexjluojn}o mo unj wbmj duejnj*. _n bnbkbjmc djnjkbmc. Aj {jn}bmjm {o bngunmo on a. Oa dcefvo o{} unbmc j aj[jn}bmjm.

Wo{ a j ke jv j g uno v j a !$ J a m b c{" on {u g c v e j x v { } b nj !$ [ " ! j C{b v b { on {u ecv }j ` j !On o a a ulj v mo a oe fj a {jeje bon } c .Wo{ oa kuovxc l ac v b g b kjmc!


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; 6

Okdjmc on aj kjej gu novj a ! $[ " ! j aj ncf ao Ece bjMo{kuf bov } j on {u aokdc* .$Xjxbvc ];6! Aobmon".

Vxa b kj mo a [oxu ak vc m o C{b v b { . B { b { $o a jwo"o{ } { bonmc gokun mjmj xc v C{ b v b { . $ Oa Kj b vc " .

_n {jkovmc}o cgbkbjn}o! {bn mumj! jkjfj mo on}cnjv kcn wcpecn}cnj o{}j{ {jlvjmj{ xjajfvj{. J }vjw{ mo unj wb{bn {ufabeo! oadcefvo r Mbc{ o{}n unbmc{ mo jdcvj on jmoajn}o. Jaa {o aaowj j kjfcjdcvj aj eu}jkbn moa dcefvo % voja o bnotxvo{jfaoeon}o. O{ aj unbne{}bkj zuo! mo{xu{ mo Olbx}c! {o dj bn}on}jmc mo{kvbfbv xcv eukdc{{blac{! {bn aclvjv zuo oa bmbcej otxvo{o oa o{xaonmcv bnkcexjvjfao mo aj

jafcvjmj moa jaej.Oa bnbkbjmc! {blubonmc aj{ duoaaj{ mo C{bvb{! {o wbnkuaj j {u mbc{. J}vjw{ mo aj bnbkbjkbn! dj otxovbeon}jmc rj aj euov}o r aj vo{uvvokkbn.[u{ c`c{ o{}n vo{xajnmokbonmc mo aup mbwbnj! vo}onbonmc aj Aup o}ovnjmoa [jawjmcv. a eb{ec o{ Auebnc{c0 o{} B a u e b n j m c 0

On wo v mjm ! rc {cr jzu a zuo e cv j on a j a up .$ [ " ! {cr un J ae j zuo a a ol j {ovNjk on o a kuov xc m o a m bc{ * .[cr un c mo o{ }c{ m bc{o{ r un j mo o{}j{ j ae j{


33/34


; ;

Zuo e cvj on aj Aup .. .$ [" ! {cr un dj a kn zu o e cv j on a j Aup !Zuo onkuon } v j {u xcmov j } v jw{ mo {u $ x v cx bj " a upR on {u $ x v cx bc " v o{x ajnmcv * .J ac{ kcng bno{ mo a Kbo ac ! wcr r wu o awcR nc djr n jm bo zuo {o e o cxcnl j. .. $ Cd C{ b v b { * " .[ocv mo aj{ Ejn b go{ }jk bcno{!Lvjnm bc{c r Ej`o{ }uc{c!Jzu o{}cr mo ajn } o mo } b * .R o a E{ J a a {o e o dj v owo ajmc9Ac{ {onmov c{ mo a Kbo ac ! $ a c{ {onmov c{" mo aj ] bo v vj !Djn { bmc jf bov } c{ xjvj e !R nc djr njm bo zuo {o eo c xcnlj * .

Oa lvjn djakn wuoaj! r {u {bauo}j cf{kuvj {o moabnoj nc}jfaoeon}ojn}o oa mb{kc {cajv. Oa bnbkbjmc nc mofo on}vo}onov{o kcn un eunmcbau{cvbc. [o {oxjvj mo {u{ gcvej{. J{kbonmo djkbj aj Aup! xjvj otb{}bvvojaeon}o. Njmbo mo}onmv oa wuoac moa lvjn Djakn. Oa {ov duejnc djvonunkbjmc j {u{ wbo`j{ wo{}bmuvj{ ja kvupjv oa _efvj a mo aj B a u e b n j k b n . [blubonmc jaln mj oa {onmovc mo aj bnbkbjkbn! }cmj ajduejnbmjm beb}jv oa wuoac moa Jwo mo aj Aup. On o{}j o}jxj gbnja! oaDcefvo mofov vojabpjv{o. J{! mo jkuovmc j aj Wcaun}jm Mbwbnj! ajeo}j eb{}ovbc{j mo aj jwon}uvj duejnj {ov cf}onbmj. ]cmc {okuexabv.

Cd C{bv b {*[ocv mo aj{ Ejn b go{ }jk bcno{!

Lvjn m bc{c r Ej`o{ }uc {c!Jzu o{ }cr *

% G bn %


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; =

_nj Ot xa b kjk bn Noko{jv bjAJ CVMON VC[JKV_P

Ac{ omb}cvo{! jn}bkbxnmcnc{ j aj{ xvolun}j{ mo ac{ aok}cvo{ moo{}o abfvc! zuovoec{ djkov kcn{}jv zuo on oa eunmc! dcr! nc otb{}o {bncunj {caj r unbwov{ja CVMON VC[JKV_P! kcn vjebgbkjkbcno{ onmbwov{j{ `uvb{mbkkbcno{! unbmj{ r moxonmbon}o{ }cmj{ mo un Kcn{o`c[uxvoec o{}jfaokbmc mo jkuovmc kcn mb{xc{bkbcno{ cvblbnjao{ mo ac{jn}bluc{ ejnbgbo{}c{ Vc{jkvuko{. Jmoe{! aj CVMON VC[JKV_P nc o{

unj {ok}j nb bn{}b}ukbn voablbc{j.O{}j cvljnbpjkbn bn}ovnjkbcnja kcn{ovwj aj{ }vjmbkbcno{!on{ojnpj{! xvbnkbxbc{ r xvk}bkj{ duejnb}jvbj{ kjvjk}ov{}bkj{ mo jjn}bluj r xvbeb}bwj Dovejnmjm zuo bnbkb {u{ jk}bwbmjmo{ on }boexc{ rjeur voec}c{. [o vokcncko kcec aj Jn} bluj r E{ } bkj Cvmon Vc{joKvukb{ r aj jfvowbj}uvj kcvvbon}o mo mbkdc ncefvo o{ JECVK. Aj{cgbkbnj{ kon}vjao{ mo aj @uvb{mbkkbn Bn}ovnjkbcnja o{}n {b}ujmj{ on [jn@c{! Kjabgcvnbj! O. _. J. Ac{ zuo mo{oon e{ bngcveo{ {cfvo aj db{}cvbjr aj{ on{ojnpj{ mo ac{ Vc{jkvuko{ xuomon {cabkb}jv un o`oexajv moaabfvc }b}uajmc Oa Mce bn bc mo aj W bmj . Mbkdc abfvc {o voxjv}o lvj}b{ rxuomo xombv{o ja O{kvbfjnc ]oexac mo JECVK! Xjvzuo Vc{jkvup! [jn

@c{! Kjabgcvnbj 2?:2:! O. _. J.

MOXJV]JEON]C MO [_EB NB []VC[CVMON VC[JKV_P

$JECVK"[jn @c{! Kja b gcv n bj 2 ?: 2: ! O. _. J.

el proceso de las iniciaciones en el antiguo egipto

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