Técnicas de Ingeniería Inversa para diseño Producto “3D Scanning is a Powerful Engineering and Quality Control tool”.
Javier Yasno Gutiérrez
Noviembre del 2011
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Agenda
¿Quienes somos?
¿Quién usa estas tecnologías?
¿ Que es la Ingeniería Inversa ?
Usos de la Ingeniería Inversa
Diseño tradicional vs Ingeniería Inversa
Aplicaciones basicas de un escaner 3D
Evolucion de los escaner 3D
Tipos de escaner 3D
Beneficios de un escaneo 3D
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¿ Quienes somos ?
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¿ Quién usa estas tecnologias?
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Que es la Ingeniería Inversa?
En la actualidad, la ingeniería inversa es un método válido para la creación o recreación
de nuevos productos a partir de productos existentes y a veces obsoletos, la copia de
modelos sin necesidad de planos y hasta para la evaluación de conformidad de
modelos CAD 3D con modelos originales o pruebas de manufactura.
Aunque los nuevos sistemas de CAD facilitan el
diseño del producto, hay que desarrollar nuevas
aplicaciones que permitan obtener un diseño
confiable y funcional disminuyendo los tiempos
de diseño con objeto de minimizar el incremento
de coste de fabricación.
Reverse Engineering (RE)
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Usos de la Ingeniería Inversa
La ingeniería inversa es un proceso ó un método valido para la:
Creación o recreación de nuevos productos (modelo/obsoleto)
Producción en serie producto (Ausencia de datos del modelo)
Evaluación conformidad modelo real vs CAD (control de calidad)
Reconstrucción y/o modelado superficies complejas (tipo A)
Modelado CAD 3D (parametrico/no parametrico)
Estudios de estilos (forma, dimensión, funcionalidad, etc…)
Comparaciones con el mercado (Benchmarking)
Reproducción dispositivos/herramental (desgaste moldes/troqueles)
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Diseño tradicional vs Ingeniería InversaToma las partes reales y las transforma en
conceptos y modelos para análisis,
modificaciones o evaluación
Transforma conceptos
y modelos en partes reales
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¿Para que se usa un escáner 3D?
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Aplicaciones básicas de un escáner 3D
Hay muchas aplicaciones para los escaner 3D, basicamente las podemos
agrupar en dos grandes grupos:
Ingenieria Inversa Inspección dimensional
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Evolución de los escáner 3D
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Application Development
Sofware Capabilites
Computer Power
3D Scanner Specifications
The P
ow
er
of
3D
Scannin
g
Research Tool Production Tool
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Tipos de escáner 3D
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Otros tipos de tecnologías
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¿Que se puede escanear?
Facilities Planning Building Design Automotive & ShipbuildingReconstruction
Aerospace Defense Survey As-BuiltsHeritage
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¿Cómo funciona un escáner 3D?
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Beneficios de un escaneo en 3D
1 Shape /
Second
1 Point /
Second
1 Dimension /
Minute
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VS.
Beneficios de un escaneo en 3D
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VS.
Beneficios de un escaneo en 3D
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Beneficios de un escaneo en 3D
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1 2 3 4
Fases de un escaneo
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NO PARAMETRICO (NURBS)
¿ Paramétrico o NO Paramétrico ?
PARAMETRICO
Modificable en
el futuro?
Requiere el modelo
con todos sus detalles?
Intención de
diseño
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Pos-procesamiento de datos escaneados
Datosescaneados
Conversión apoligonos
Creación de superficies
Intención dediseño final
Analisis FEA, CFD, duplicación, inspección y diseño de forma libre
NO PARAMETRICO (NURBS)
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Pos-procesamiento de datos escaneados
Modelo CAD parametrico 3D
Datosescaneados
Conversión apoligonos
Clasificaciónregiones
Creación de superficies
Conversión a modelo CADparametrico
PARAMETRICO
Applications
Facilities Planning
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Iron Foundry Plant
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Asset Management & Dimension Control
• Facilities Renovation
• Assessing Upgrade and Retrofit Benefits
• Visualization
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Building
• Renovation and Structural Rehabilitation
• Intelligent Transportation Systems
• Visualization
• Real Estate Applications
Building Design
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Building Design
Old Buildings
• Structural Testing & Validation
• Renovation and Structural Rehabilitation
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• GIS(Geographic Information System) Applications
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Architecture
• Structural Testing & Validation
• Facility & Land Management
• Land Information Systems
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• GIS(Geographic Information System) Applications
Reconstruction
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Reconstruction
Architecture
• Structural Testing & Validation
• Facility & Land Management
• Land Information Systems
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• GIS(Geographic Information System) Applications
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• Extracting Freeform Shape by
NURBS surface fitting method
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Automotive
Truck
• Design Validation & Modification
• Digital Mock-Ups
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• Making Miniatures
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• Extracting Freeform Shape by
NURBS surface fitting method
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Automotive
Truck
• Design Validation & Modification
• Digital Mock-Ups
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• Making Miniatures
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Automotive
Truck
• Design Validation & Modification
• Digital Mock-Ups
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• Making Miniatures
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• Extracting Freeform Shape by
NURBS surface fitting method
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Applications
Shipbuilding
Boat
• Design Validation & Modification
• Digital Mock-Ups
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• Making Miniatures
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• Extracting Freeform Shape by
NURBS surface fitting method
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Aerospace
Airplane
• Design Validation & Modification
• Digital Mock-Ups
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• Making Miniatures
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• Extracting Freeform Shape by
NURBS surface fitting method
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh by using the
Mesh Buildup Wizard
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Intelligent Pipe Modeling Wizard
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
• Repairing & Supplementing Design
Gas Turbine
• Design Validation & Modification
• Digital Mock-Ups
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
Aerospace
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
• Repairing & Supplementing Design
Defense
Old Tank
• Design Validation & Modification
• Digital Mock-Ups
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
Mesh Optimization
• Intelligent Mesh Healing Wizard
• Easy to fill Holes
• Powerful Mesh Optimization Tools
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting Section Curves in
AutoCAD DXF File Format
Sculpture
• Mock-Up Design
• Rapid Prototyping (3D Printing)
• Shape Restoration
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• History Archival
Heritage
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
• Aligning Scans & Constructing Mesh
• Intelligently Recognizing Feature Regions
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Heritage
Tower
• Structural Testing & Validation
• Maintaining Sculpture & Dimension Controls
• Shape Restoration
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
• History Archival
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Extracting Feature Information
and 3D Feature Modeling
• Surveying As-Built
• As-Built 3D Feature Modeling
• Various Feature Modeling Wizards
• Accuracy Confirmation
• Exporting to Downstream
Bridge
• Structural Testing & Validation
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Renovation and Structural Rehabilitation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animation
Survey As-Builts
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
Applications
Scanning by Long-Range
3D Scanner
Using Massive Numbers of
Point Clouds or Meshes
• Cleaning & Editing
• Analyzing Shapes using Various Viewing Tools
Extracting Feature Information
and Surveying As-Built
• Measuring Distance & Height
• Extracting Feature Profiles
• Exporting to Downstream
Survey As-Builts
Station
• Structural Testing & Validation
• Engineering Analysis & Simulation
• Renovation and Structural Rehabilitation
• Repairing & Manufacturing Parts
• Visualization & Graphic Animations
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Como se involucra la RE en un proceso de diseño
Antes…
Después…
Tristan Adam
Accidente a los 5 años
Sindrome de Compartimento
A los 9 años perdida funcionalidad mano izquierda
Movimiento limitado de la mano y dedos
Muñeca cerrada y doblada a un solo lado
Mal crecimiento del brazo izquierdo
Brazo izquierdo mas corto que brazo derecho
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El antes….
Lamina metalica recubierto con protector termoplastico
Sujetadores y ajustes de velcro
NO funcional, solo esta adaptado a la forma de la mano
y el brazo con poca protección
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¿Como mejorar esto?
La InspiraciónIronMan
La Experiencia17 años como diseñador industrial (David Adam)
HerramientasEquipos disponibles y software de diseño
o Observación
o Brainstorming (Lluvia de ideas)
o Conceptualización/Bocetos
o Escaneo 3D
o Molde
o Software de diseño
MetaDiseñar y construir un dispositivo novedoso, adaptable,liviano, funcional, seguro y ajustable para el brazo de Tristan
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Proceso de diseño
Concepto
Idea
Modelación
Prototipado
Modificación
Fases
Geometría existente
Brazo izquierdo
Molde
Fundición
Escaneo
Procesado Plantillas
Dibujos impresos
Croquis
Croquizar Bocetos
Croquis basados en
modelo escaneado
Alineación
Superficies
Solidos
EnsambleImpresora 3D
Pruebas reales del
prototipo
Modelo solido
Vistas de
dibujo
Que usar? Que hacer? Que modelar en 3D?
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Creando la idea: ¿Donde empezar?
Geometria de referencia existente
Creación del molde
Fundicion (yeso)
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Creando la idea: Escaneo
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Formatos de salida
Nube de puntos Inspección
.txt .pdf
Ingenieria
Poligonos
AnimaciónPrototipado
.sldprt
.x_t / .x_b
.stp
.igs
.stl .obj
.3ds
.wrl
+ muchos otros formatos para guardar!
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Creando la idea: Pos-procesamiento
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Creando la idea: Modelo final en SolidWorks
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Pre-croquizado de conceptos 1.Soporte superior mano
2. Soporte ante-brazo
3. Base de la mano (palma)
4. Parte posterior ante-brazo
5. Conectores
Observación de resultados preliminares
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Croquizado de conceptos
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Mas intenciones de diseño….
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Boceto final preliminar
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Teoría de modelación
CAD Model with History Tree
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Croquis de imagen: Primer referencia
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Planos de referencia, croquis 2D y 3D
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Modelación de superficies
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Modelación de piezas individuales
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Ensamble de partes
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Primer prototipo
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Modificaciones al modelo
Splint hand bottom
Splint bottom forearm
Fork attachment
Splint top of forearm
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Renderizado al diseño final
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Diseño final: Listo para el segundo prototipo
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Listo para fabricación….
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Cada vez mas cerca….
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