Download - BVII._8.1.Nutrientes_1(3)
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Biologia Vegetal II
Ingeniería en Biotecnología1er Término 2015
Carlos Noceda
(Presentación basada en materiales de Eduardo J. Chica)
(Nutrición mineral)
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Producto químico procedente del exterior del organismo y que éste utiliza para realizar sus funciones
vitales
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Nutrientes vegetales
Abundancia relativa
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Esenciales
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Esenciales
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Esenciales
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Cationes interlaminares
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Intercambio catiónico Suelos arcillosos
esmectita
Componentes húmicos
Ácidos húmicos Ácidos fúlvicos
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Agentes quelantes
Taiz y Zeiger 2006
Reducen precipitación
Aumentan disponibilidad
Facilitan incorporación a la planta
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VENTAJAS DE LOS EXTRACTO HÚMICOS
• Mejora la estructura del suelo. • Aumenta la capacidad de retención de humedad. • Favorece la aireación del suelo. • Incrementa la Capacidad de Intercambio Catiónico.• Aumenta la disponibilidad de nutrientes en el suelo. • Optimiza la asimilación de los fertilizantes, entregándolos a la raíz cuando la planta los necesita.• Neutraliza suelos ácidos.• Bloquea la fijación del fósforo y optimiza la captación de minerales. • Favorece la recuperación de los suelos salinos. • Mejora las condiciones de drenaje de los suelos. • Incrementa la fertilidad natural del suelo aumentando el porcentaje de Nitrógeno.
http://www.empresario.com.co/tecsol/agricola02.html
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Contaminantes
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Acidez y disponibilidad de nutrientes
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Disponibilidad
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Absorción de nutrientes
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Pasivo: a favor de gradiente de (concentración, carga)
Transporte de solutos a través de membrana
Activo: en contra de gradiente de (concentración, carga)
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Canal de K+
Ecuación de Nernst
(potencial de equilibrio)
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Pasivo: a favor de gradiente de concentración y carga
Transporte a través de membrana
Activo: en contra de gradiente de concentración y carga
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Agua
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Agua
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Solutos
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Asimilación de nutrientes
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