dioxinas impactos en la salud y el medio ambiente

7/23/2019 Dioxinas impactos en la salud y el medio ambiente

1/13

LAS DIOXINAS, IMPACTOS EN LA

SALUD Y EL MEDIO AMBIENTE


2/13

LAS DIOXINAS, IMPACTOS EN LA SALUD Y EL MEDIO AMBIENTE


3/13


INDICE

I. INTRODUCCION...............................................................................................................3

II. OBJETIVOS.....................................................................................................................4

2.1 GENERAL.................................................................................................................. 4

2.2 ESPECIFICOS............................................................................................................ 4

III. ANTECEDENTES..........................................................................................................4

IV. MARCO TEORICO.........................................................................................................5

4.1 GENERALIDADES......................................................................................................5

4.2 CARACTERISTICAS FISICO-QUIMICAS.......................................................................5

4.3 PRINCIPALES FUENTES DE CONTAMINACION............................................................6

4.4 CARACTERISTICAS TOXICOLOGICAS.........................................................................64.5 EFECTOS EN LA SALUD.............................................................................................7

4.6 COMPORTAMIENTO EN EL MEDIO AMBIENTE............................................................7

4.7 PREVENCIN CONTROL DE LA EXPOSICIN A LAS DIOXINAS..................................9

4.! LIMITES MAXIMOS PERMISIBLES...............................................................................9

V. CONCLUSIONES............................................................................................................11

VI. BIBLIOGRAFIA...........................................................................................................12


4/13


I. INTRODUCCION

A"#$%&'()#( *( "+)*,(% /$( &%* ,+0,)%* *+) &+* "+)#%',)%)#(* %',()#%&(* (

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et l. 2>>38 S+$% 2>>4?.

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

(9,)%",)8 ,)$*#,% #(0#,& (&%",+)%% "+) "+&+%)#(* $#,&,%+* %% (& #(H,+ (#(&%*8 +$"",) (","&%( ( '(#%&(* () "+),",+)(* ( %% #('(%#$%8 @%*(*+"(()#(* ( '+#+(* % %*( ( @%*+&,)% "+) + *,) &+'+ ( ,(*(& ("%&(%* "%&(9%"",) %%"+%* ",@%,&&+ ,)",)(%+%*8 +"(*+ ( "+'$*#,)( "%$":+ ;%') et l. 2>>78 G,%&+ O"%'+ 2>>58 PNUMA 2>>3? #%',)"+)#%',)%)#(* ( &%@$,",%* /$( *$@() () *$ *)#(*,* (@%%",)8 %",&&%*$#,&,%%* %% (%%",) ( %&,'()#+* ;%)#,-%(&'%%)#(*? + %% (&%+%"(',"%* ;F&%)&%$ et l. 2>>!?8 (",,()#(* $*%+* %% ('%"% ",(#+*%&,'()#+*8 9,+* ( %(& ;&%)/$(%+? %% (%% "%9 ;E', 2>>4?. A('*( &%* 9$()#(* %)#++@),"%* '()",+)%%* (0,*#( 9+'%",) (*+)#)(% ()%&@$)+* +"(*+* )%#$%&(* "+'+ ($",+)(* +&"),"%* ,)"(),+* (%"",+)(*9+#+,"%* ;G+%":%#(@$, 2>>1?.

II. OBJETIVOS


5/13


II.1GENERAL

C+)+"( &% #+0,"+&+@% ( &%* ,+0,)%* *$* ,'%"#+* () &% *%&$ :$'%)%.

II.2ESPECIFICOS

R("+)+"( (& "+'+#%',()#+ ( &%* ,+0,)%* () (& '(,+ %',()#(. A)%&,% &+* L',#(* '0,'+* (',*,&(* (& %,( %% &%* ,+0,)%* ()

P( ( &%* ,)",%&(* +@%),%",+)(* (& '$)+.

III. ANTECEDENTES

A$)/$( &%* ,)(*#,@%",+)(* *+( ,+0,)%* *+) (&%#,%'()#( (",()#(* (& ,)#(*( &% "+'$),% ",()#9,"% + ,)(*#,@%&%* *( :% %"("()#%+ () &+* ,'+* %H+*&% &,#(%#$% ,),"% /$( () 1!72 M( J(,#: *,)#(#,%+) + ,'(% ( &%*,+0,)%* (+ *$ (*#$"#$% /$',"% *( "+)+", :%*#% 1K57 %H+ () (& /$( #%',)9$( *,)#(#,%% &% TCDD ;#(#%"&++- ,()+--,+0,)%?. S,) ('%@+ () 1K4K *(()"$()#% (& ,'( (+#( (& (9("#+ ( &%* ,+0,)%* () &% *%&$ + &% (0&+*,)( $)% &%)#% /$',"% () V,@,),% ;C+&+) 2>>!?.

A (*% ( &+* %)#(,+(* (+#(* (& +,@() :,*#,"+ ( &%* ,+0,)% *( ,()#,9,"% ()&% G$(% ( V,(#)%' "$%)+ E*#%+* U),+* $#,&, (& :(,",% 245 T ;245#,"&++9()+0,%"#,"+? "+)+",+ "+'+ %@()#( )%%)% $*"%)+ (& (9("#+(09+&,%)#( () &%* +)%* ( @$(% /$( (*()"%() ,))$'(%&(* (9("#+*#(%#+@),"+* () &+* :,+* ),(#+* ( :+'(* '$((* (0$(*#+* $%)#( &%@$(% ;>> %),'%&(* ;>78 $( L%*() 2>>58 S":', 2>>2?. P+$"#+ ( &%('%)()",% ( &%* ,+0,)%* () (& +@%),*'+ ( *$ %% &,+*+&$,&,% (* &%


6/13


(*()",% ( *#%* () &(":( ( '$((* (0$(*#%* % (*#+* "+'$(*#+ + "+)*$'+( %&,'()#+ "+)#%',)%+ ;P%+ et l., 2>>2?.

IV. MARCO TEORICO

IV.1 GENERALIDADES

L%* ,+0,)%* *+) "+)#%',)%)#(* %',()#%&(* /$( (#()("() % &% &&%'%%+"()% *$",% $) @$+ ( +$"#+* /$',"+* (&,@+*+* /$( 9+'%) %#( (&+* &&%'%+* "+)#%',)%)#(* +@),"+* (*,*#()#(* ;COP?. L%* ,+0,)%* *+)(+"$%)#(* + *$ (&(%+ +#()",%& #0,"+. L% (0(,'()#%",) :%('+*#%+ /$( %9("#%) % %,+* @%)+* *,*#('%*.

U)% ( /$( ()(#%) () (& +@%),*'+ (*,*#() () & $%)#( '$":+ #,('+@%",%* % *$ (*#%,&,% /$',"% % *$ 9,%",) %& #(,+ @%*+ +)( /$(%)

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

%&@$)+* ,9(),&+* +&,"&+%+* ;PCB? %)&+@+* % &% ,+0,)% /$( +*(()+,(%(* #0,"%* *,',&%(*.

IV.2 CARACTERISTICAS FISICO-QUIMICAS

L%* ,+0,)%* (#()("() %& @$+ ( &+* +@%)+"&+%+* ()#+ ( &+* "$%&(* *(,)"&$() "("% ( 11.>>> *$*#%)",%*. L% '+&"$&% (* #,""&,"% %+'#,"% :%&+@()%% "+) $) %),&&+ "+') % #+%* /$( (* &% ,()+--,+0,)% ;9,@$% 1?.S( "%%"#(,%) + #()( %% &,+*+&$,&,% *( '+&"$&%* '$ (*#%&(* +(&&+ (*,*#()#(* % &% (@%%",) ,+&@,"% /$',"% ;


7/13


Figura1. L%,()+--,+0,)%

IV.3 PRINCIPALES FUENTES DE CONTAMINACION

L%* ,+0,)%* *+) 9$)%'()#%&'()#( *$+$"#+* ( +"(*+* ,)$*#,%&(* (+#%',) $(() +$",*( () +"(*+* )%#$%&(* "+'+ &%* ($",+)(*

+&"),"%* &+* ,)"(),+* 9+(*#%&(*. L%* ,+0,)%* *+) *$+$"#+* )+(*(%+* ( )$'(+*+* +"(*+* ( 9%,"%",) #%&(* "+'+ &% 9$),",) (&&%)/$(+ ( &% %*#% ( %(& "+) "&++ + &% 9%,"%",) ( %&@$)+* :(,",%* &%@$,",%*. E) "$%)#+ % &% &,(%",) ( ,+0,)%* %& '(,+ %',()#( &%,)",)(%",) (*"+)#+&%% ( (*(":+* ;*&,+* :+*,#%&%,+*? *$(&( *( &%"%$*% '* @%( %+ /$( &% "+'$*#,) (* ,)"+'&(#%.

E0,*#( #(")+&+@% /$( (',#( &% ,)",)(%",) "+)#+&%% ( (*(":+* "+) %%*(',*,+)(*. A$)/$( &% 9+'%",) ( ,+0,)%* (* &+"%& *$ ,*#,$",) %',()#%&(* '$),%&. L%* ,+0,)%* *( ()"$()#%) () #++ (& '$)+ () "#,"%'()#(

#++* &+* '(,+*.

IV. CARACTERISTICAS TO!ICOLOGICAS

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


8/13


IV." EFECTOS EN LA SALUD

L% (0+*,",) (( (& *( :$'%)+ % %%* "+)"()#%",+)(* ( ,+0,)%* $(("%$*% &(*,+)(* "$#)(%* #%&(* "+'+ %") "&,"+ '%)":%* +*"$%* %* "+'+%(%",+)(* 9$)",+)%&(* :(#,"%*. L% (0+*,",) +&+)@%% *( :% (&%",+)%+

"+) %(%",+)(* ,)'$),#%,%* (& *,*#('% )(,+*+ () (*%+&&+ (& *,*#('%()+",)+ ( &% 9$)",) (+$"#+%.

L% (0+*,",) "),"% ( &+* %),'%&(* % &%* ,+0,)%* :% "%$*%+ %,+* #,+* (")"(. E& C()#+ I)#()%",+)%& OMS ( I)(*#,@%",+)(* *+( (& C)"( ;CIIC?(%&, () 1KK7 2>12 (%&$%",+)(* ( &% TCDD. D( %"$(+ "+) &+* %#+* (&%* ,)(*#,@%",+)(* () %),'%&(* &+* %#+* (,(',+&@,"+* :$'%)+* (& CIIC :%"&%*,9,"%+ &% TCDD "+'+ "%",)@()+ :$'%)+. S,) ('%@+ )+ %9("#% %&'%#(,%& @()#,"+ :% $) ),(& ( (0+*,",) + (%+ (& "$%& (& ,(*@+ (")"( +% *( ,)*,@),9,"%)#(.

C+'+ &%* ,+0,)%* (*#) +'),(*()#(* #++* #()('+* $)% (0+*,",) ( 9+)+ $)% ",(#% "+)"()#%",) ( ,+0,)%* () (& +@%),*'+ &% &&%'%% "%@%"++%&. E) @()(%& )+ (* ( *$+)( /$( &% (0+*,",) ( 9+)+ )+'%& %"#$%()@% (9("#+* () &% *%&$ :$'%)%. N+ +*#%)#( (,+ %& @%) +#()",%& #0,"+( (*#% "&%*( ( "+'$(*#+* *+) )("(*%,%* '(,%* %% ($", &% (0+*,",)( 9+)+ %"#$%&.

E& 9(#+ (* %#,"$&%'()#( *()*,&( % &% (0+*,",) % &%* ,+0,)%*. E& (",))%",+ "$+* @%)+* *( ()"$()#%) () 9%*( ( (*%+&&+ ,+ #%',)

$(( *( '* $&)(%&( % %&@$)+* (9("#+*. A&@$)+* ,),,$+* + @$+* (,),,$+* $(() (*#% (0$(*#+* % '%+(* "+)"()#%",+)(* ( ,+0,)%*(,+ % *$* ,(#%* ;+ (('&+ @%)(* "+)*$',+(* ( (*"%+ () %&@$)%*+)%* (& '$)+? + % *$ #%%+ ;+ (('&+ #%%%+(* ( &% ,)$*#,% (&%(& ( &% %*#% ( %(& + ( &%)#%* ( ,)",)(%",) (#((+* ((*(":+* (&,@+*+*?.

IV.# COMPORTAMIENTO EN EL MEDIO AMBIENTE

L+* +&,"&++,()+--,+0,)%* 9$%)+* *( :%) ,)#+$",+ () (& '(,+

%',()#( ,)",%&'()#( "+'+ "+)#%',)%)#(* ( :(,",%* 9$)@,",%* () *$+$"",) $%)#( +"(*+* ( "+'$*#,) % %#, ( ("$*+(* "&+%+*"+'+ &+* PCB* () &% ,+&,*,* ( +#+* "+'$(*#+* :%&+@()%+*.S$ 9+'%",) () &% ,)",)(%",) ( (*,$+* :% *,+ "%$*% ( 9$(#(*"+)#+(*,%* *+( &% *(@$,% ( (*#%* ,)*#%&%",+)(* () %#,"$&% ( *$*(',*,+)(* (0,@()#(* ;>1 '@N'3 %% %&+(* '(,+* '(,+* () $) (,++( '$(*#(+ ( *(,* :+%* "+'+ '),'+ '0,'+ +":+ :+%*? ( &% *$'% ( &%


9/13


"+)"()#%",) ( (*#+* "+'$(*#+* +#(),% '(,%)#( &% %&,"%",) ( 9%"#+(*( (/$,%&()",% #+0,"% ()#( &+* ,*#,)#+* "+)@)((* () &+* @%*(* (',#,+* +&%* ,)",)(%",+)(* ( (*,$+*L%* ,+0,)%* 9$%)+* +$",+* () &+* +"(*+* ( "+'$*#,) *( %*+",%)9$)%'()#%&'()#( % &% '%#(,% %#,"$&%% /$( *( ,*(*% () &% %#'+*9(%

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

IV.$ PREVENCI%N & CONTROL DE LA E!POSICI%N A LAS DIO!INAS


10/13


L% ,)",)(%",) %("$%% (& '%#(,%& "+)#%',)%+ (* '(+ '#++ ,*+),&(%% ((), "+)#+&% &% (0+*,",) % &%* ,+0,)%*. A*,',*'+ $(( (*#$,&+* %"(,#(* ( (*(":+ "+) PCB. E& +"(*+ ( ,)",)(%",) (/$,((#('(%#$%* (&(%%* *$(,+(* % !5> C. P%% (*#$, @%)(* "%)#,%(*( '%#(,%& "+)#%',)%+ *( )("(*,#%) #('(%#$%* %) '* (&(%%* ( 1>>>

C + '*. L% (()",) + ($"",) ( &% (0+*,",) :$'%)% *( :%"( '(+"+) '(,%* ,,@,%* % &%* 9$()#(* (* (", $) "+)#+& (*#,"#+ ( &+* +"(*+*,)$*#,%&(* %% ($", %& '0,'+ &% 9+'%",) ( ,+0,)%*. E*#+ (*(*+)*%,&,% ( &+* @+,()+* )%",+)%&(* &% C+',*,) (& C+(0 A&,'()#%,$*%+# () 2>>1 $) Cdigo de prcticas sobre medidas aplicables en el origen

para reducir la contaminacin de los alimentos con sustancias

qumicas ;CACRCP 4K-2>>1?. M* #%( () 2>>6 *( %+# $) Cdigo deprcticas para la prevencin y la reduccin de la contaminacin de los alimentos

y piensos con dioxinas y BPC anlogos a las dioxinas ;CACRCP 62-2>>6?.

M* (& K> ( &% (0+*,",) :$'%)% % &%* ,+0,)%* +"(( ( &+* %&,'()#+* 9$)%'()#%&'()#( ( &% "%)( &+* +$"#+* &"#(+* (& (*"%+ (& '%,*"+.P+ "+)*,@$,()#( &% +#("",) ( &+* %&,'()#+* (* "$",%&. U)% (*#%#(@,%"+)*,*#( () '(,%* %&,"%&(* () (& +,@() %% ($", &% (',*,) ( ,+0,)%*.

A*,',*'+ (* )("(*%,+ (,#% &% "+)#%',)%",) *("$)%,% ( &+* %&,'()#+* % &+&%@+ ( &% "%()% %&,'()#%,%. P%% &% +$"",) ( %&,'()#+* ,)+"$+* (*(*()",%& /$( :%% $()+* "+)#+&(* "#,"%* $%)#( &% +$"",) ,'%,%(& +"(*%',()#+ &% ,*#,$",) &% ()#%.

IV.' LIMITES MA!IMOS PERMISIBLES

L+* (0(#+* :%) (*#%&(",+ ( 9+'% +,*,+)%& $)% ,)@(*#% '()*$%&

#+&(%&( ( 7> @=@'(*. E*#% (* &% "%)#,% ( ,+0,)%* /$( *( $((,)@(, % &+ &%@+ ( &% ,% *,) /$( *( +$"%) (9("#+* (#("#%&(* () &%*%&$.

L% ,)@(*#% ,%,% ( ,+0,)%* () E$+% *( (*#,'% ()#( >4 15

,"+@%'+* + =,&+.E) 1KK4 &% OMS %',#% $)% ,)@(*#% '0,'% ,%,% ( 1> @=@%

',()#%* /$( &% USEPA (*#%&("% (& &',#( (',#,+ () >.>>6 @=@%

17>> ("(*L% EPA :% (*#%&(",+ $) &',#( ( >.>>>>3 ',"+@%'+* ( 237!-

DDTC + &,#+ ( %@$% +#%&( ;>.>>>>3 $@L?. L% EPA (/$,(( /$( *( &()+#,9,/$( ( (*"%@%* (%'(* + ( &,(%",+)(* %"",()#%&(* %& '(,+%',()#( ( 1 &,% + '* ( 237!-DDTC.


11/13


L% A',),*#%",) ( A&,'()#+* D+@%* ;FDA? ("+',()% )+ "+'(

(*"%+* '%,*"+* "+) ),(&(* ( 237!-DDTC '%+(* /$( 5> %#(*+ #,&&) ;5> #?.

INVENTARIO NACIONAL DE FUENTES LIBERACIONES DE

DIOXINAS FURANOS. PER AO BASE 2>>3 &%) )%",+)%& (,'&('()#%",) (& "+)(),+ ( E*#+"+&'+ *+( &+* "+)#%',)%)#(*+@),"+* (*,*#()#(* () (& P(

Ta()a 1.L,(%",) ( ,+0,)%* 9$%)+* () (& P( %H+ %*( 2>>3.

%",()+ &+ +,+ "+) &+* %#+* +#(),+* ( P( %H+ %*( 2>>3 &%*(',*,+)(* % %,( #+#%&,%) 1K3432 @ EQT%H+ #(),()+ () "$()#% &%(0#()*,) (& P( ( 1 2!5 2156 ='2 (*$% /$( *( :%% &,(%+ >4@ EQT'2W% /$( (* $) %&+ ,)9(,+ % &+* &',#(* )+'%+* %% (%*$%&(* ( A&('%),%. A('* &%* &,(%",+)(* ( ,+0,)%* 9$%)+* *+)'$ ,)9(,+(* % &+* 5 @ EQT-I'2W% /$( *( &,( () &+* %*(*

($+(+*.E*#% )+'% :% *,+ ",#%% + C:,&( () *$ $&,"%",) INVENTARIONACIONAL DE FUENTES EMISIONES DE DIOXINAS FURANOS.T%',) &+ $#,&,% U$@$%. L% )+'% ( A&('%),% (*#%&("( &,(%",+)(*%(%* ( ,+0,)%* 9$%)+* :%*#% 5 @ EQT-I'2W% %% (%* $%&(*.


12/13


F,@$% 2. P,)",%&(* *$"%#(@+%*V. CONCLUSIONES

P(*( % /$( &%* ,+0,)%* $(() ()"+)#%*( () ,9(()#(* "+'+)()#(* (&

("+*,*#('% $)% ( &%* ,)",%&(* 9$()#(* %% (& *( :$'%)+ "+(*+)(% &% @%*% ( +,@() %),'%& + (&&+ &% O@%),%",) M$),%& ( &% S%&$("+',()% "+)*$', "%)( %% () @%*% %% ,*',)$, (& ,(*@+ ((0+*,",).S,) ('%@+ &% "%%",% %% ',#,@% *$ +,% (0+*,",) (*&,',#%%. E* #%(% ( &+* @+,()+* )%",+)%&(* '+),#+,% &% *(@$,% ( &+*

%&,'()#+* ('()( %"",+)(* %% +#(@( &% *%&$ &,"%.

L% ,)",%& @()(%",) ( ,+0,)%* 9$%)+* () (& P( ( %"$(+ %&

,)()#%,+ 2>>3 *( (( % &% /$('% ( ,+'%*%

L%* /$('%* ( ,+'%*% %9("#%) (& "&,'% @&+%& (,+ %& (9("#+ (

()9,%',()#+ +$",+ + (& :+&&) % &% (',*,) ( @%*(* ( (9("#+,)()%(+

VI. BIBLIOGRAFIA

- C$ C%,&&+ A. M+()+ F,@$((+ G. L%% O*+,+ M. ;E)(+-$),+ 2>1>?Toxicologa de las Dioxinas y su Imac!o en la "alud #umana.

- M+()+ G%$ M. ;2>>3? Toxicologa $m%ien!al &'aluaci(n de )iesgo*a+a la "alud #umana 13 3>4-3>K.

- O@%),%",) M$),%& ( &% S%&$ ;M%+ 2>14? ,o!a Desc+i!i'a ,225-as Dioxinas y sus &ec!os en la "alud #umana


13/13


- C+)*(+ N%",+)%& (& A',()#( ;2>>6? In'en!a+io de &misiones DeDioxinas y /u+anos1>4.

dioxinas impactos en la salud y el medio ambiente

Documents