danza rabinal achi

7/18/2019 Danza Rabinal Achi

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MEDALLA PRESIDENCIAL A DON JOSE LEON COLOCH, DUEÑO YPRINCIPAL DEL DRAMA DANZARIO RABINAL ACHI

Carlos René Garca Esco!ar

An"ro#$lo%o

Hace &'s (e )*+n+en"os aos -a!a *na &an+.es"ac+$n (ra&'"+co (an/ar+a )*ere&e&ora!a *na -+s"or+a &"+ca !asa(a en -ec-os reales, )*e re#resen"a!a *nas+"*ac+$n #ol"+ca en"re los %r*#os 01+c-é 2 los (e Ra!+nal, es (ec+r (+.eren"escasas (e con%lo&era(os .a&+l+ares 2 los (e Ra!+nal )*e eran *na ra&a (e lacasa 01+c-é3 Se "ra"a!a (e reconocer "+erras en #oses+$n )*e "enan (+.eren"es%r*#os soc+ales )*e se -a!an asen"a(o en las "+erras al"as (e lo )*e -o2 esG*a"e&ala 2, en es"e caso, en lo )*e es el (e#ar"a&en"o (e Ba4a 5era#a/ 2 *no(e s*s +&#or"an"es 6alles, el Urra& o sea el an"+%*o Za&ane!3

All se (esarroll$ el %r*#o Ac-, (e .+l+ac+$n +(+o&'"+ca 01+c-é co&#ren(+en(o "resasen"a&+en"os +&#or"an"es7 Ra!+nal, C*!*lco 2 C-+ca43

A*n)*e no e8+s"en e6+(enc+as concre"as s+no -as"a *n s+%lo (es#*és (el +n+c+o(e la colon+/ac+$n es#aola, cree&os )*e el "ea"ro (an/a 01+c-é lla&a(o Ra!+nal

Ac-, #ero #o#*lar&en"e conoc+(o en el s+%lo 95I co&o Dan/a (el :*n, (elUle*"*& o, (el :*& :elec-e, "o&a!a l*%ar en esas é#ocas en rec*er(o (ea)*ellos &e&ora!les s*cesos an"+%*os en )*e los (e Ra!+nal -a!an 6enc+(o alos (e la casa Ca;ec 2 sacr+.+ca(o a *no (e s*s &'s +ns+%nes %*erreros, el

6al+en"e <*+c-é Ac-3

Por ello, en 6+s"a (e )*e la (an/a (el :*n, #erson+.+ca!a, (+ra&os, el sacr+.+c+o(e *n %*errero escla6o =lla&a(o en 01+c-é >:elec-e? es (ec+r >escla6o o ca*"+6o?@2 s* re#resen"ac+$n co&o r+"*al (ra&'"+co (an/ar+o ca*sa!a %as"os, cos"*&!res2 r+"os no ace#"a(os #or la conce#c+$n cr+s"+ana (e la rel+%+$n ca"$l+ca, el O+(orJ*an Mal(ona(o (e Pa/ #ro-+!+$ es"e "+#o (e re#resen"ac+ones #o#*lares en elao (e , lo )*e #ro(*4o en consec*enc+a )*e se con"+n*aran re#resen"an(o#ero en la clan(es"+n+(a(3 En e.ec"o, al%*nas (e ellas, "rans.or&a(as a "ra6és(el "+e&#o -an lle%a(o -as"a noso"ros 2 en"re ellas, el Ra!+nal Ac-+ )*e, (e"o(os &o(os, es la )*e con &'s a*"en"+c+(a( #reser6a la cos&o6+s+$n or+%+nal (e

las é#ocas an"+%*as (e los #*e!los 01+c-é3

Los Sucesos

El %ran %*errero ca;ec (e los 01+c-é, 4e.e (e los (e C*nen 2 (e C-a4*l, (el l+na4e(e N+&' <*+c-é, lla&a(o <*+c-é Ac-, (*ran"e (as 2 noc-es -a es"a(o



a"acan(o Ca4+*#, la .or"ale/a (e los Ra!+nal, (es"r*2en(o al%*nos #*e!los &'s,la c+*(a( (e Bala&2ac 2, a(e&'s -a sec*es"ra(o a C+nco Ll*6+a, el A4a* Ho!:o4, %ran seor (e Ra!+nal, a .+n (e o!l+%arlos a con"+n*ar "r+!*"an(o a los%o!ernan"es (e N+&' <*+c-é3 El o"ro %ran %*errero (e Ra!+nal, lla&a(o Ra!+nal

Ac-, resca"a a s* seor Ho! :o4 2 (es#*és ca#"*ra a <*+c-é Ac- a )*+en a"a a

*n 'r!ol .ren"e a Ca4+*# 2 a )*+en l*e%o recr+&+na 2 (+sc*"e el #or )*é (e s*ca#"*ra 2 #r+s+$n3 En es"a (+sc*s+$n, a&!os con"en(+en"es se +n"erca&!+ana#olo%as (e s*s #ro#+as -a/aas 2 an(an/as #or (+.eren"es c+*(a(es (el>+&#er+o? 01+c-é, a la 6e/ )*e *no al o"ro se recr+&+nan .ec-oras co&o la (elra#"o (e los F &ance!os (e Ra!+nal #or <*+c-é Ac-, 2 o"ras3

Ra!+nal Ac- +n.or&a al A4a* Ho! :o4 so!re la ca#"*ra (e <*+c-é Ac- 2 és"eres#on(e )*e lo rec+!+r' c*an(o se le r+n(a en 6asalla4e, #ero el %*errero ca;ec#re.+ere &or+r an"es )*e -*&+llarse 2, al )*e(ar l+!re a"aca a Ra!+nal Ac- enseal (e (escon"en"o3

L*e%o <*+c-é Ac- se #resen"a an"e el A4a* Ho! :o4 2 "o(o el cor"e4o%o!ernan"e, no!les, ser6+(*&!re 2 %*erreros '%*+las 2 "+%res3 Ho! :o4 #re"en(eres#e"ar el l+(era/%o (e <*+c-é Ac- #ero Ra!+nal Ac- se o.en(e #or ello, as lo-ace sa!er a Ho! :o4 2 és"e rec"+.+ca s* #arecer3

5*el6e Ra!+nal Ac- a e8#l+carle al %*errero ca;ec )*e Ho! "o4 lo #er(onara s+se le -*&+llase #ero <*+c-é Ac- rec-a/a la #ro#*es"a 2, co&o an"es, #re.+ere&or+r3 C*an(o se le -ace conocer s* sen"enc+a (e &*er"e #+(e se le conce(ans*s l"+&os (eseos )*e son7 #ro!ar .*er/as en co&!a"e con los %*erreros'%*+las 2 "+%res, co&er 2 !e!er (e lo )*e co&en 2 !e!en s*s ca#"ores, 6es"+rsecon los a"*en(os (e Ra!+nal 2 !a+lar con &s+ca (e #+"o 2 "*& con U C-*c- G*%,

la &a(re (e los #a4ar+llos 6er(es, )*+en es *na (oncella #ro6en+en"e (e la re%+$n(e Carc-'3

:o(o es"o se le conce(e, #ero c*an(o sol+c+"a (as 2 noc-es #ara +r a(es#e(+rse (e s*s &on"aas 2 6alles en la re%+$n #ro#+a&en"e <*+c-é, na(+eres#on(e, a*n)*e #arece ser )*e 6a3 A s* re%reso es e4ec*"a(o #or los%*erreros '%*+las 2 "+%res3

Es"o se (e&*es"ra en el e#lo%o (el "e8"o or+%+nal (on(e <*+c-é Ac- e8cla&a as* re%reso &o&en"os an"es (e &or+r7 >H*2$? -a!é+s (+c-o3 No -e -*(o3 S$losal a enco&en(ar&e a &+s &on"aas 2 6alles (on(e #er&aneca 2 sola

al+&en"ar&e (e -+er!as "+ernas3 333<*é sera (e &+ 6alen"a, (e &+ %allar(a, s+no co&+era en &+s al"os 2 en &+s !a4os ca&+nos c*an(o 6ol6a (e all 333S, ene.ec"o3 A)* &or+ré3 A)* (e!o (esa#arecer3 En"onces 2 a-ora seré co&o laar(+lla, co&o el #'4aro )*e &*ere en las ra&as, co&o &*ere en las -+er!as,!*sca(o 2 ca/a(o co&o al+&en"o, a)*, a la .a/ (el c+elo, a la .a/ (e la "+erra35oso"ros #*es '%*+las, 6oso"ros #*es "+%res, 6en+( #ron"oK C*&#l+( 6*es"ro(e!erK L*c-a( #ron"o con 6*es"ras %arrasK Por)*e s+n co&#aa .alle/co,



#or)*e so2 %*errero 6al+en"e )*e 6en%o solo (e &+s &on"aas 2 6alles3 <*ec+elo 2 "+erra sean con 6oso"ros '%*+las, con 6oso"ros "+%resK

Es"os s*cesos a)* rela"a(os cons"+"*2en *na sn"es+s (el "e8"o )*e escr+!+$Bar"olo S+s en , al sacarlo (e la clan(es"+n+(a( (e aos, co&o cons"aen la co#+a -ec-a #or Man*el Pére/ en se%n a#arece en s* #ar"e +n+c+al,"e8"o en #oses+$n ac"*al&en"e (el seor José Le$n Coloc- 2 c*2a #r+&era"ra(*cc+$n (+rec"a al es#aol .*e real+/a(a #or el -+s"or+a(or H*%o +(el Sacor<*+c-é "ra!a4an(o en ello (es(e #ara la D+recc+$n General (eIn6es"+%ac+$n (e la Un+6ers+(a( (e San Carlos (e G*a"e&ala 2 )*e 6+o la l*/ en en *no (e s*s c*a(ernos (e +n6es"+%ac+$n, el No3 3

A-ora !+en, "o(o "e8"o oral al "rans.or&arse en "e8"o escr+"o 6a con"a&+nan(o#oco a #oco s* or+%+nal+(a( #r+&+%en+a en "an"o )*e (e ac*er(o con s* con"e8"o-+s"$r+co 6a +n"er#olan(o e +ncor#oran(o n*e6os ele&en"os3 En es"e sen"+(o nos#re%*n"a&os c*'n"o -a!r' ca&!+a(o el "e8"o oral "ra(+c+onal (el Ra!+nal Ac- al

ser #r+&era&en"e "ranscr+"o al )*+c-é #or Bar"olo S+s co&o 2a se (+4o, 2 l*e%oc*'n"o al ser (+c"a(o al a!a"e C-arles E"+enne Brasse*r (e Bo*r!o*r%, )*+en nos$lo lo "ranscr+!+$ a *n +(+o&a )*+c-é a#ren(+(o #or él en esos aos s+no )*e"a&!+én (e all lo "ra(*4o al .rancés3 De es"a 6ers+$n (e Bo*r!o*r% #*!l+ca(a en, Geor%es Ra2na*( -+/o o"ra n*e6a "ra(*cc+$n al .rancés en (e la c*aln*es"ro +ns+%ne 6a"e L*+s Car(o/a 2 Ara%$n ela!or$ *na "ra(*cc+$n en los (osaos s+%*+en"es, la #r+&era conoc+(a en es#aol, ano"a(a #or Ra2na*( 2 l*e%o#*!l+ca(a #or la Soc+e(a( (e Geo%ra.a e H+s"or+a en &ar/o (e 3 Ha!an#asa(o aos (es(e )*e Bar"olo S+s ela!orara el #r+&er "e8"o3

Es a #ar"+r (el "e8"o en es#aol (e Car(o/a 2 Ara%$n )*e se -an -ec-o "o(os

los es"*(+os #os"er+ores (e #ro.*n(os anal+s"as, -+s"or+a(ores, soc+$lo%os,an"ro#$lo%os, 2 l+"era"os en"re o"ros &'s (e reconoc+(as "ra2ec"or+as-*&an+s"as3 C*&#l+en(o con es"a neces+(a(, Ra!+nal -a s+(o 6+s+"a(o #or+n6es"+%a(ores nac+onales 2 e8"ran4eros co&o Henr+e""a Y*rc-en0o en F,ranc+sco Ro(r%*e/ Ro*ane" en , Carroll E(;ar( Mace, es"a(o*n+(ense,en Q, el 4a#onés o+c-+ O0*&*ra en QQ, el .rancés Ala+n Bre"on (es(e losaos 3 El -olan(és R**( 5an A00eren en , la #olaca Joanna os2ns0ar+!es en , La Cr*/ Ro4a In"ernac+onal en 2 .+nal&en"e, (es(e -ace Faos, *n e)*+#o %*a"e&al"eco (e +n6es"+%ac+$n !a4o &+ coor(+nac+$n cons"+"*+(o#or H*%o +(el Sacor, )*+en -a real+/a(o -+s"$r+ca&en"e la #r+&era "ra(*cc+$n

(+rec"a (el )*+c-é al es#aol, S+l6+a Al6are/ A%*+lar (e -a!er es"a!lec+(o #or#r+&era 6e/ s* coreo%ra.a "ra(+c+onal 2 Enr+)*e Anle* Da/ (e -a!er ac"*al+/a(olos es"*(+os &*s+col$%+cos (el (ra&a, ele&en"os n*nca an"es real/a(os #or la+n6es"+%ac+$n en %eneral #*es *n+ca&en"e se la -a!a -ec-o (el "e8"o l+"erar+o (eCar(o/a3

Des(e -e&os 6+s+"a(o al %r*#o (e (an/a )*e re#resen"a el seor JoséLeon Coloc- con )*+en nos -e&os con6er"+(o en a&+%os #or s+e&#re 2 )*+en,



re#resen"an(o el #a#el (el 6al+en"e %*errero <*+c-é Ac- -as"a el (a (e -o2 #or &'s (e c*aren"a aos, 4*n"o con s*s 6+e4os co&#aeros (e !a+le 2 .a&+l+a, se -aencar%a(o (e &an"ener al Ra!+nal Ac-, co&o *n "e8"o 6+6o, 6+%en"e, no &*er"o2 .+4a(o co&o "an"os o"ros (e clara ascen(enc+a #re-+s#'n+ca 2 occ+(en"alan"+%*a 2 &e(+e6al, en"re los )*e #*e(en &enc+onarse al%*nos co&o los L+!ros

(el C-+la& Bala&, el &+s&o Po#ol 5*-, La Ila(a, La O(+sea 2 o"ros "an"os &'s3

Le4os es"a!a (on Bar"olo S+s el (e oc"*!re (e , c*an(o escr+!a en s*+(+o&a ac- al #r+nc+#+o (e s* "e8"o lo s+%*+en"e7 *na!e !+!al rec- Bar"olo S+sc-+-*6+nac3 5a48ac+!3 c+- c-+ +) r+ooc"*!re3 r+-*na! (e 3 ao3 M+8c-+n36e-esa-6+3 or+-+nal3 Rec-3 6ae8a-o-3 "*n3Rec-36ae,ca"+na&+" s3a&#a!lo Ra!+nal35+3 <*8"a!al3"a6e3 C*&al36al3 n*)a!ol3 c-*!ec+- c-*!esac c-+ca6a#anoc)*e-ec*" ra!+nal ac-+ ;e#* 8a-o- "*n3 A los 6e+n"+oc-o (as (el &es (e oc"*!re(el ao (e real+cé el or+%+nal Ba+le (el :*n (e n*es"ro #*e!lo San Pa!loRa!+nal #ara )*e &+s -+4os &an"en%an la "ra(+c+$n, =le4os es"a!a@ (e +&a%+narse)*e a "res &eses (e c*&#l+rse los c+en"o c+nc*en"a aos (e esa .ec-a, en es"e

ao , s* es.*er/o en c*l&+nar #or escr+"o es"a cen"enar+a "ra(+c+$n se 6eracorona(o con el o"or%a&+en"o (e la Me(alla Pres+(enc+al a *no (e s*s-ere(eros, )*+/' no (e .+l+ac+$n san%*nea, #ero s (e cons#+c*a "ra(+c+$n, alseor José Le$n Coloc- Garn+%a, s* -ere(ero +no!4e"a!le3 Y (e )*e#ro!a!le&en"e, #ara el ao , la UNESCO (eclare al Ra!+nal Ac- co&oPa"r+&on+o (e la H*&an+(a(3

Es el seor Coloc- )*+en en , -ere(a (+rec"a&en"e (e s* s*e%ro, el seorEs"e!an 9olo#, "o(os los ele&en"os coreo%r'.+cos 2 #ara.ern'l+cos, "ra4es,&'scaras, +ns"r*&en"os &*s+cales 2 *"+lera, #*es lle6a!a 2a *nas "res (éca(as(e #ar"+c+#ar con (on Es"e!an en s* %r*#o3 Es"e!an 9olo# lo -a!a -ere(a(o (elseor Man*el Pére/ en las -o2 le4anas é#ocas (e los aos "re+n"a 2 c*aren"a3 Y

As co&o .*e (on Es"e!an 9olo# )*+en a"en(+$ a Henr+e""a Y*rc-+en0o en F 2a (on ranc+sco Ro(r%*e/ Ro*ane" en los aos c+nc*en"a, as (on José Le$nse -a 6+s"o #or &*c-os aos, )*+/' (es(e los aos se"en"a, acosa(o #or+n6es"+%a(ores ac*c+osos (e &*c-as #ar"es (el &*n(o 2 (e G*a"e&ala3 Esco&o se -a -ec-o a&+%o (e "o(os noso"ros, es"*(+osos e*ro#eos,nor"ea&er+canos, 4a#oneses 2 %*a"e&al"ecos3 Es"o lo (e&*es"ra con el l+!ro (e6+s+"as )*e &an"+ene en s* casa en el )*e a#arecen las .+r&as (e los &'sconno"a(os es"*(+osos (el Ra!+nal Ac- (e los l"+&os 6e+n"e aos3

:a&#oco -a2 )*e ol6+(ar, Seor Pres+(en"e, los sacr+.+c+os 2 s+n sa!ores )*e&an"ener es"a "ra(+c+$n le -a ocas+ona(o a (on José Leon 2 a s* .a&+l+a3 Las#recar+as con(+c+ones econ$&+cas n*nca -an .al"a(o3 Los &alos en"en(+(osen"re las #ersonas )*e (e al%*na &anera "+enen o -an "en+(o )*e 6er con lae4ec*c+$n (el !a+le(ra&a, 2a sean (e .a&+l+ares o (e a&+%os, "a&#oco -an.al"a(o3 Ha2 )*e 6er la (+.+c*l"a( con )*e el &+s&o !a+le(ra&a se -a e4ec*"a(oa "ra6és (el s+%lo 99 #or los o!s"'c*los )*e los "ra(+c+onales "a!es &an"en+(osen secre"+6+(a( #or la %en"e, le +&#onen a la #r'c"+ca (el !a+le, &'s las



+n"er6enc+ones (e #ersonas +nescr*#*losas +n"eresa(as en "*r+s"+/ar es"a"ra(+c+$n #ara o!"ener (+6+(en(os +ncon.esa(os en s* #ro#+o !ene.+c+o 2 no el (el%r*#o )*e ao con ao, (es(e -ace 6ar+os l*s"ros, lo 6+ene re#resen"an(o3

En es"a ocas+$n se -ace 4*s"+c+a al o"or%arle a José Le$n Coloc- Garn+%a, )*+enre#resen"a la &'s cons#+c*a "ra(+c+$n (an/ar+a (el #as 2 a s*s co&#aeros (e&s+ca 2 !a+le en s* #ersona re#resen"a(os es"a noc-e, la Me(alla Pres+(enc+al)*e le +&#on(r' el E8celen"s+&o Seor Pres+(en"e (e la Re#!l+ca (eG*a"e&ala, el L+cenc+a(o Al.onso Por"+llo Ca!rera, c*&#l+en(o as *n &an(a"o&oral 2 #a"r+$"+co, el (e reconocer en los %*a"e&al"ecos &'s conno"a(os, s*en"re%a "o"al 2 s*s es.*er/os 6ol*n"ar+osos, en &an"ener la "ra(+c+$n )*e nos-an -ere(a(o n*es"ros ances"ros con lo c*al n*es"ra #a"r+a G*a"e&ala, -o2 2s+e&#re a"os+%a(a #or las a&ena/as +n"ernas 2 e8"ernas #ara e8"+n%*+r s*s+(en"+(a(es -+s"$r+cas 2 6+%en"es, se en%ran(ece co&o n*nca3

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