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Managing Data in Organizations
By:
Group - 5
Arpan Majumdar(2012076)N Ashish Gupta(2012078)
Gaurav Malik(2012115)
Gaurav Prakash(2012116)
Gaurav Rao(2012117)
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Data
Information in raw or unorganized form (such asalphabets, numbers, or symbols) that refer to,
or represent, conditions, ideas, or objects.
Data leads to Information & Knowledge.
Business decisions are based on Information.
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History of Data Management
1950s- File systems
1960s- Hierarchical DBMS
1970S- Network DBMS,followed by relational DBMS
1990s- Object-oriented
DBMS
21st century- NoSQL
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Managing Data
An analysis of data reveals that 75% of it is
never accessed, while barely 25% is accessed
and updated frequently.
Data can be described as being active, less
active, historical or ready to be archived.
Data that must be kept is an asset; Data
retained past its retention period may become
a liability.
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Problems in Managing Data
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Problems Contd
Data Redundancy It occurs in database systems whichhave a field that is repeated in two or more tables
Data Inconsistency- It means that the various copies ofthe data no longer agree.
Data Isolation- Difficulties in accessing data from differentapplications.
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Role of Information Technology
Database Management System(DBMS)
Data Warehousing
Data Mining
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INTRODUCTION OF DBMS
COLLECTION OF INTERRELATED DATA
SET OF PROGRAMS TO ACCESS DATA.
DATA BASE APLLICATIONS:
-BANKING: ALL TRANSACTIONS
-AIRLINES: RESERVATIONS, SCHEDULES
-UNIVERSITIES: REGISTRATION, GRADES
-SALES: CUSTOMERS,PRODUCTS,PURCHASES
-HUMAN RESOURCES: EMPLOYEE RECORDS,SALARIES,TAXDEDUCTIONS
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COMPONENTS OF DBMS
DATABASE
DBA(DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR)
DATABASE USER
HARDWARE
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FEATURES OF DBMS
ACCEPT DATA INPUT AND STORE
MULTI USER ACCESS
SECURITY
QUERY LANGUAGES(SEARCHING AND SORTING)
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DATA MODELING
DATA MODEL: A WAY TO DESIGN A DATABASE OR DESCRIBE A
DATABASE.
DATA M0DELING: PROCESS OF CREATING A DATA MODEL
DATA MODELS:
-E-R MODEL
-RELATIONAL MODEL-HIERARCHICAL MODEL
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DATA WAREHOUSE
A COLLECTION OF CORPORATE INFORMATION, DERIVED
DIRECTLY FROM OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS AND SOME
EXTERNAL DATA SOURCES.
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PURPOSE OF DATA WAREHOUSING
REALIZE THE VALUE OF DATA
-DATA/INFORMATION IS AN ASSET
-METHOD TO REALIZE THE VALUE(REPORTING,ANALYZING
ETC.) MAKE BETTER DECISIONS
-TURN DATA INTO INFORMATION
-CREATE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
-METHODS TO SUPPORT THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS
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VERY LARGE DATABASES
WAREHOUSES ARE VERY LARGE DATABASES
TERABYTES- 10^12 -- WAL-MART
PETA BYTES-10^15 -- GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
EXABYTES -10^18-- NATIONAL MEDICAL RECORDSZETTABYTES-10^21-- WEATHER IMAGES
ZOTTABYTES-10^24-- INTELLIGENCE AGENCY VIDEOS
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DATA MINING
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INTRODUCTION
Data mining is the process of analyzing data fromdifferent perspectives and summarizing it into usefulinformation.
Data mining software is one of a number of analytical
tools for analyzing data. It allows users to analyze datafrom many different dimensions or angles, categorize it,and summarize the relationships identified.
Technically, data mining is the process of finding
correlations or patterns among dozens of fields in largerelational databases.
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What can data mining do?
Data mining is primarily used today by companies with a
strong consumer focus - retail, financial, communication,
and marketing organizations. It enables these companies
to determine relationships among "internal" factors such
as price, product positioning, or staff skills, and
"external" factors such as economic indicators,
competition, and customer demographics.
With data mining, a retailer could use point-of-salerecords of customer purchases to send targeted
promotions based on an individual's purchase history.
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How does data mining work?
Classes: Stored data is used to locate data in predeterminedgroups. For example, a restaurant chain could mine customerpurchase data to determine when customers visit and whatthey typically order.
Clusters: Data items are grouped according to logical
relationships or consumer preferences. For example, data canbe mined to identify market segments or consumer affinities.
Associations: Data can be mined to identify associations.
Sequential patterns: Data is mined to anticipate behaviorpatterns and trends. For example, an outdoor equipment
retailer could predict the likelihood of a backpack beingpurchased based on a consumer's purchase of sleeping bagsand hiking shoes.
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SAP
Usage in Industry sectors
Effect of Globalization
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Usage in the Manufacturing Sector
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SAP
Basic Commands
01
Create
02 Change
03 Display
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Departmental usage of SAP
Design
Process planning
Production Purchasing
Logistics
Commercial Quality.
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Design
Bill of Material (BOM)
Engineering Drawings & 3D models
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Bill of Material
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Engineering Drawing & 3D Models
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Purchasing
Purchase orders
Purchase Requisition related procurements
(what does one fill PRs for?)
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Purchase Requisitions
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Process Planning
Material Master
Production Orders (Creation/Confirmation)
Routing
Purchase Requisitions
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Material Master
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Production Order Creation
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Production Order Confirmation
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Routing
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Production
Production Order Status
Fills in the material requisition form and gets
the material from Logistics
Begins production.
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Production Order Status
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Quality
Maintaining defective/non-defective part logs.
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Logistics
Inventory Management
Raw Material Matching
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What is SharePoint?
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Microsoft SharePoint is a flexible, service-oriented architecture (SOA) based web
application platform developed by Microsoft. First launched in 2001.SharePoint has
historically been associated with intranet content management and document
management, but recent versions have significantly broader capabilities.
SharePoint can be used to provide intranet portals, document & file management,
collaboration, social networks, extranets, websites, enterprise search, and business
intelligence. It also has capabilities around system integration, process integration, and
workflow automation.
Enterprise application software (e.g. ERP or CRM packages) often provide some
SharePoint integration capability, and SharePoint also incorporates a complete
development stack based on web technologies and standards-based APIs.
As an application platform, SharePoint provides central management, governance, andsecurity controls for implementation of these requirements. The SharePoint platform
integrates directly into IIS - enabling bulk management, scaling, and provisioning of
servers, as is often required by large organizations or cloud hosting providers.
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What SharePoint can facilitate
inside organizations?
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The
SharePoint
wheel
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Applications
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The most common uses of
SharePoint include
Intranet Portals:- A SharePoint intranet portal is a way tocentralize access to enterprise information and applications on a
corporate network.
Enterprise content and document
management:- It is used to store and track electronicdocuments or images of paper documents.
Extranet Sites:- It is used to provide password-protected,web-facing access to people outside an organization
Internet Sites:- It is used to manage larger public websites
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System Requirement
Processor 64-bit, four cores.
RAM
4 GB developer or evaluation use.
At least 8 GB for production use in
one server or multiple server farm.
Hard disk 80 GB for system drive, varies for
production environment depending
on application size.
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SharePoint editions
SharePoint Foundation
SharePoint Standard
SharePoint Enterprise
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