dui prefaces & index rz - dawoodi bohras& vehjs d+kse dks [kqn vius u l dk tk;t+k ysuk...
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I
nvkbeqy bLykenvkbeqy bLykenvkbeqy bLykenvkbeqy bLykenvkbeqy bLyke
¼igyk fgLlk½
ys[kd %ys[kd %ys[kd %ys[kd %ys[kd % vy dkt+h vy vty vcw guhQk vy
ukSeku fcu eqgEen vy exjch vy reheh
vy Qkfreh
mnqZ rtqZek %mnqZ rtqZek %mnqZ rtqZek %mnqZ rtqZek %mnqZ rtqZek %eqYyk ;quql “kdhc eqckjdiqjh ¼lu~ 1964bZ-½
fganh rtqZek %fganh rtqZek %fganh rtqZek %fganh rtqZek %fganh rtqZek %tukc lTtkn gqlSu [kkM+k ?kksM+k okyk
dEi;qVj daiksftax % dEi;qVj daiksftax % dEi;qVj daiksftax % dEi;qVj daiksftax % dEi;qVj daiksftax % vkfdc iykuk okyk
II
QsgfjLrQsgfjLrQsgfjLrQsgfjLrQsgfjLr
& bLyke ds lkr lqrwu ¼[kEcs½
oyk;r oyk;r oyk;r oyk;r oyk;r
fdrkcqy oyk;r fdrkcqy oyk;r fdrkcqy oyk;r fdrkcqy oyk;r fdrkcqy oyk;r
& bZekuA
& mlwys bZekuA
& bLyke vkSj bZekuA
& oyk;r veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch
rkfycv-l-A
& oyk;rs vbEek vgys cSrv-l-A
& eqgEenl-v-o- o vkys eqgEenv-l- ij lyokr dk
c;kuA
& vbEek vkys eksgEenv-l- ij ul o rkSQhd dk
c;kuA
& elvys bekerA
& vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds njtkr vkSj eukft+y dk
c;kuA
& vbEerqy gqnk dh olh;rksa dk c;kuA
& gqCcs vgys cSrv-l- dk c;kuA
& bYe dh rjx+hc vkSj rkfyckus bYe ds Qt+kby
dk c;kuA
& fdlls bYe gkfly djuk vkSj fdlls u djuk
vkSj fdlds d+kSy ij vey u djuk pkfg;s
mldk c;kuA
ist
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041
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079
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093
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III
rgkjr rgkjr rgkjr rgkjr rgkjr
& fdrkcqr&rgkjrA
& mu vgnkl dk c;ku ftuls oqT+kw+ djuk okftc
gksrk gSA
& oqT+kw ds vknkc dk c;kuA
& oqT+kw ds vkSlkQ dk c;kuA
& ikuh dk c;kuA
& x+qLy dk c;kuA
& QtZ+ vkSj lqUur x+qLy dk c;kuA
& ftLe] fyckl] t+ehu vkSj fcNksus dh rgkjr dk
c;kuA
& feLokd ¼nkrqu½ dk c;kuA
& r;Eeqe dk c;kuA
& [kkus ihus dh pht+ksa dh rgkjrksa dk c;kuA
& lQkbZ vkSj fQrjh ¼izkd`frd½ rgkjrksa dk c;kuA
& [kky gM~Mh cky vkSj Åu dh ikdht+xh o
rgkjr dk c;kuA
& gSt+ dk c;kuA
& bLrcjk dk c;kuA
lykr lykr lykr lykr lykr
& uektsa+ Qt+Z gksus dk C;kuA
& uekt+ dh rjx+hc vkSj blds reke djus dk
gqDe vkSj lokc dk c;kuA
& uekt+ ds vkSdkr ¼oDr½ dk c;kuA
& vt+ku o bdker dk c;kuA
& elkftn dk c;kuA
& beker dk c;kuA
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IV
& tekvr vkSj lQ dk c;kuA
& uekt+ dh dSfQ;r dk c;kuA
& uekt+ i<+us ds ckn nqvk ek¡axus dk c;kuA
& uekt+ dh gkyr esa dyke vkSj vey djus dk
c;kuA
& uekt+ esa fyckl dk c;kuA
& uekt+s tqevk dk c;kuA
& uekts+ bnSu ¼bZnqy fQrj vkSj bZnqy vngk½ dk
c;kuA
& uekt+ esa lgq ¼Hkwy½ dk c;kuA
& uekt+ drv djus dk c;kuA
& elcwd ¼ckn esa vkus okys½ dh uekt+ dk c;kuA
& fdl mez esa cPpksa dks uekt+ i<+us dh rkdhn
djuh pkfg,A
& eqlkfQj dh uekt+ dk c;kuA
& chekj dh uekt+ dk c;kuA
& lykrqy [kkSQ dk c;kuA
& lykrqy dqlwQ ¼xzg.k dh uekt+½ dk c;kuA
& lykrqy bfLrLdkvA
& forz vkSj Qtz dh nks jdvkr uekt+ vkSj dquwr
dk c;kuA
& lqUur vkSj u¶y uekt+ dk c;kuA
& dqjvku esa ltnksa dk c;kuA
tukbt+ tukbt+ tukbt+ tukbt+ tukbt+
& chekjh] b;knr] vkSj vkyes & ldjkr ¼ekSr dh
?kM+h½A
& ekSr dks ;kn djus dk c;kuA
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V
& rvt+h;r lcz vkSj jksus dh :[klr dk c;kuA
& eS;r dks x+qly nsus dk c;kuA
& gquqr ¼e¸;r ds [kq”kcw dk lkeku½ vkSj dQu dk
c;kuA
& tukt+k mBkus dk c;kuA
& uekt+s tukt+k dk c;kuA
& nQu vkSj dcz dk c;kuA
t+dkr t+dkr t+dkr t+dkr t+dkr
& t+dkr o lnd+k nsus dh rjx+hckr dk c;kuA
& eqLrgd+s t+dkr dks t+dkr u nsus dh ckcr
rx+yht+ o r'knnqn ¼Hkwy vkSj l[rh½
& pk¡nh lksuk vkSj tokfgj dh t+dkr dk c;kuA
& pkSik;kas dh t+dkr dk c;kuA
& t+dkr nsus dk c;kuA
& vukt] Qy uckrkr ¼ouLifr½ dh t+dkr dk
c;kuA
& t+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ dk c;kuA
fdrkcql lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcql lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcql lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcql lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcql lkse oy ,vfrdkQ
& ekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gksus dk vkSj ml
flyflys esa tks rjx+hckr vkbZ gS mudk c;kuA
& jkst+k j[kus dh dSfQ;r dk c;kuA
& ftu ckrkas ls jkst+k VwV tkrk gS mudk c;ku vkSj
ftlus jkst+k rksM+ fn;k ml ij D;k okftc gS
mldk c;kuA
& lQj esa jkst+sa j[kus dk c;kuA
& chekjh dh gkyr esa jkst+k u j[kus dk c;kuA
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VI
& jkst+k bQrkj djus dk c;kuA
& ySyrqy dnz ¼'kcs dnz½ dk c;kuA
& lqUur vkSj u¶y jkst+s dk c;kuA
& ,vfrdkQ dk c;kuA
gt gt gt gt gt
& gt ds QtZ+ gksus vkSj gt u djus ij r'kíqn dk
c;kuA
& gt dh rjx+hckr dk c;kuA
& enhurqu&uchl-v-o- esa nkf[kyk vkSj gkth dk ogka
tkdj D;k vey djuk pkfg;s mldk c;kuA
& ,gjke ds ehd+krksa dk c;kuA
& ,gjke dk c;kuA
& rd+yhn ¼fd+yknk igukuk½ v'vkj ¼fu'kkuh
yxkuk½ rtyhy ¼>wy igukuk½ vkSj rych;k
¼;kfu yCcSd dgus½ dk c;kuA
& eqgfjZe ij ,sgjke dh gkyr esa tks dqN gjke gS
mldk c;kuA
& eqgfjZe vxj f'kdkj dk eqrZdc gks rks ml ij
D;k okftc gSA
& gje esa nkf[kyk vkSj nhxj vkeky oxSjg dk
c;kuA
& rokQ dk c;kuA
& gt reRrksv dk c;kuA
& feuk dh rjQ fudyus vkSj vjQk esa Bgjus dk
c;kuA
& vjQk ls eqt+nfyQk tkus dk c;kuA
& tejksa dks dadfM+;k ekjus dk c;kuA
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VII
& dqckZuh djus dk c;kuA
& cky eqaMokus vkSj dVokus dk c;kuA
& feuk esa bd+ker ds njfe;ku gkft;ksa ij D;k D;k
vey djuk okftc gS bldk c;kuA
& feuk ls dwp djus dk c;kuA
& mejk eqQjn% dk c;kuA
& lÌ% ¼:dkoV½ vkSj bglkj ¼chekjh½ dk c;kuA
& nkbZeqy ejt+ vkSj veokr dh tkfuc ls gt
djus dk c;kuA
& gt ds QkSr gks tkus dk c;kuA
ftgkn ftgkn ftgkn ftgkn ftgkn
& ftgkn ds Qt+Z gksus dk c;kuA
& ftgkn esa rjx+hckr ¼izksRlkgu½ dk c;kuA
& jkgs [+kqnk eas ?kksM+ksa dks vkjkLrk djus dh rjxhckr
dk c;kuA
& vknkcs lQj dk c;kuA
& lkfgckus vez ds gqdwd+ vkSj muds Qjkbt+ dk
c;kuA
& vehjs d+kSe dks [kqn vius u¶l dk tk;t+k ysuk
pkfg,A
& vehjs y'dj dks fgnk;r vkSj bcjr fnykuk mu
yksxksa ds ft+Ø ls tks muls igys xqt+j pqds gSA
& lkfgckus vez dks viuh fjvk;k vkSj viuh tkuks
ds lkFk vnyks balkQ ls is'k vkus dk gqDe vkSj
bldk c;kuA
& yksxksa ds rcdkr ¼oxksZa½ dh ekvfjQrA
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VIII
& vQokt ds fdu&fdu ekeykr esa okyh dks /;ku
nsuk pkfg, mldk c;kuA
& oyh&vez dks yk;d gS fd og yksxksa ds njfe;ku
ftu mewj ds QSlys fd, tkrs gS mu ij Hkh
xksjks fQØ djsA
& okyh dks vius vkfeyks ds ftu mewj dh
ns[k&js[k j[kuk t+:jh gS mudk c;kuA
& okyh dks vgys f[kjkt ¼yxku nsus okys½ ds ftu
mewj dk eqvkbuk djuk pkfg;s mldk c;kuA
& okyh dks eqgjfjjks ¼dkjdwuksa½ ds ftu mewj dh
fuxgkn'r ¼fuxjkuh½ djuh pkfg, mldk
c;kuA
& rkftjksa vkSj dkjhxjksa ds ftu mewj dh
fuxgkn”r ¼ns[k&js[k½ okyh o gkfde dks j[kuh
pkfg, mldk c;kuA
& okyh o gkfde dks feLdhuks vkSj eksgrktks ds
ftu mewj dh fuxgkn'r djuh pkfg, mldk
c;kuA
& okyh o gkfde dks ftu vknkc vkSj gqLukslhjr
ls vkjkLrk gksuk pkfg, mudk c;kuA
& tax ls igys ftu dkeksa dks vatke nsuk pkfg,
mudk c;kuA
& rjhdk&, tax dk c;kuA
& eq'kfjdhu ls tax djus dk c;kuA
& dSfn;ksa ds vgdke dk c;kuA
& iukg vkSj veku nsus dk c;kuA
& lqyg eqvkfgnk vkSj tft+;k dk c;kuA
& rdlhe ls dCy ekys xuher dk gqDeA
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IX
& ekys xuher dh rdlhe dk c;kuA
& vgys cx+kor ls tax djus dk c;kuA
& vgys cx+kor ds veokys xuher dk gqDeA
& nks fxjksg ds chp tks dqN gks pqdk mlds gqDe
dk c;kuA
& vgys fdcyk esa ls fdldks dRy djuk tk;t+ gS
mldk c;kuA
555
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X
bfCrnkbZ dfyekrbfCrnkbZ dfyekrbfCrnkbZ dfyekrbfCrnkbZ dfyekrbfCrnkbZ dfyekr
vygEnks fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehu reke gEnks luk vYykg
rckjdYykgks o rvkyk ds fy;s vkSj lyokrks lyke eqgEenqy eqLrQklvo-
o vkys eqgEenvl- vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ijA nvkbeqy bLyke tks Qkfreh
f[kykQr ds cqyan erZck dkft+y dt+kr l¸;nuk vcw guhQk ukSeku fcu
eqgEen vy exjch vy reheh vy Qkfreh us beke eksbt+ fcYykgv-l-
dh jguqekbZ o bYeh cjdkr ls Qk;nk mBkrs gq, vjch esa fy[kh FkhA bl
vt+heq”“kku fdrkc dk mnqZZ rtqZek tukc eqYyk ;quql “kdhc eqckjdiqjh
us lu~ 1964bZ- esa fd;k FkkA vkSj bl fdrkc dks nks ftYnks esa “kk;sv
fd;k FkkA fQj ckn esa vki gh us xqtjkrh rtqZek fd;k FkkA vc ;g
fdrkc uk;kc gks xbZA ckn esa mn;iqj esa lkfcd mLrkn tkfe;k lSfQ;k
vy vyheqy t¸;n ejgwe “ks[k vgen vyh jkt lkgc bCus eqYyk
dqjcku vyh us blh fdrkc dks cksgjk xqtjkrh t+qcku fjLeqy [kr mnqZ
esa fy[kh FkhA
“ks[k lkgc dh gkSlyk vQt+kbZ] jguqekbZ vkSj rjch;r ls vkSj
ekStwnk ukStokuksa dks vjch mnqZ dk bYe u gksus dh otg ls bl fdrkc
dks geus fgUnh nsoukxjh esa rtqZek fd;k gSA vkSj eqf”dy vyQkt+ksa ds
vklku eryc fy[kus dh dksf”k”k dh gS rkfd coDrs t+:jr eqvfeuhu
gt+jkr vklkuh ls le> ldsaA vkSj vius nhuh elkby dks rQlhy ls
ekywe djss o Qk;nk gkfly dj ldsaA
bl fdrkc esa geus dqjvku gdhe dh vk;rksa dks vjch esa fy[kk
gSA vkSj muds mij ,vjkc Hkh yxk;s gSA D;ksafd eqYyk ;quql eqckjdiqjh
us mnqZ rtqZek esa vk;rsa rks fy[kh gS exj mu ij ,vjkc ugh yxk;s gS
ftl otg ls vke eqvfeu vklkuh ls ugh i<+ ldrs FksA vc ,vjkc
yxkus ls eqvfeuhu dks i<+us esa o eryc le>us esa vklkuh gksxhA
,vjkc yxkus esa gesa vYykek Qkft+y “ks[k vgen vyh lkgc jktuxjokyk
us cgqr enn dhA
fganh esa vk;rksa dk lgh mPpkj.k ¼ry¶Qqt+½ fcuk mLrkn ds
cgqr eqf”dy gSA blfy;s vjch esa t+cj] t+sj] vfyQ] is”k oxSjg dk
geus fganh Hkk’kh bykdksa esa bfLreky gksus okys ygt+sa ds eqrkfcd+
XI
bfLreky fd;k gSA vkSj t+cj dks fn[kkus ds fy;s v% dk bfLreky fd;k
gSA felky ds rkSj ij o oSyqy fyy eq”kfjdhuy yt+hu% yt+hu% yt+hu% yt+hu% yt+hu% yk ;wrqut+
t+dkr%t+dkr%t+dkr%t+dkr%t+dkr% 24&41@6&7
yt+hu% yt+hu% yt+hu% yt+hu% yt+hu% vkSj t+dkr%t+dkr%t+dkr%t+dkr%t+dkr% blesa t+cj dks bl rjg ls fy[kk gSA
ukStokuksa eqvfeuhuksa ls xqt+kfj”k gS fd bl vt+he fdrkc dks
i<+dj Qk;nk o lokc gkfly djsA vkSj tks eqf”dy vyQkt+ mudh
le> esa u vk;sa rks vius cqtqZxksa o mLrknksa ls ekywe djs rks mudks t+:j
T+;knk ekywekr gkfly gksxh vkSj muds bYe esa ;d+huu T+;knrh gksxhA
vYykek “ks[kqy Qkft+y vgen vyh jkt lkgc ds “kkfxZnksa dks
bl fdrkc dks fgUnh esa rtqZek djus dk fopkj vk;kA ftl ij igys
vcwt+j vyh eqbZokyk bCus Qt+y vyh us igy dh vkSj dqN ist fganh esa
fy[ks vkSj cktkj esa Vkbi djok;sA fQj eljZr jkt bCus ealwj vyh vkSj
vkfdc gqlSu iykuk bCus vkf”kd vyh us mldk lkFk nsdj vkSj ist
fganh esa fy[ksA vkSj “ks[k lkgc dh fgnk;r ds eqrkfcd+ fganh ds fy[ks gq,
istksa dks eSaus psd fd;k rks ekywe gqvk fd vyQkt+ksa esa cgqr lh xyfr;k¡
gSA ftl ij cksgjk fganh VkbfiLV vkfjQ dakdM+ksyh okyk bCus vlxj
vyh¼150 ist½] vuhl ghrkokyk bCus vCckl vyh¼5 ist½] vkSj vcw rwjkc
vkSM+k okyk bCus eqgEen gqlSu ¼100 ist½ ls dqN fgLlksa dh Vkbfiax
djok;hA fQj vkfdc iykuk us fganh vkSj vjch Vkbfiax djrs jgs vkSj
eSa psd djrk jgkA vkSj eSaus mnqZ&vjchZ yqxkr dh enn ls blesa vkbZ
[kkfe;ksa dks nq:Lr fd;kA bl rjg eqÌr ckn ;g rgjhj rS;kj gqbZA
;g fgUnh rtqZek ge “kkfxZnksa dh rjQ ls gekjs Qkft+y mLrkn
vYykek vy t¸;n ejgwe “ks[k vgen vyh lkgc jktuxjokyk bCus“ks[k vgen vyh lkgc jktuxjokyk bCus“ks[k vgen vyh lkgc jktuxjokyk bCus“ks[k vgen vyh lkgc jktuxjokyk bCus“ks[k vgen vyh lkgc jktuxjokyk bCus
eqYyk dqjcku vyheqYyk dqjcku vyheqYyk dqjcku vyheqYyk dqjcku vyheqYyk dqjcku vyh dks f[kjkts vdhnr dk rkSgQk gSA
fy[kkoV esa iwjh lko/kkuh cjrh xbZ gS fQj Hkh xyfr;ksa dk
bedku gS D;ksafd bUlku gS gh HkqyDdM+A blfy;s ftu gt+jkr dks xyrh
ekywe gks rks og lq/kkj dj i<+s vkSj gesa Hkh bfRryk djus dh t+ger djsaA
bl fdrkc dks “kq: ls vkf[kj rd fizafVax djkus rd gkftj o
x+Sj gkft+j rkSj ij ftu ftu gt+jkr us ftl fdlh Hkh rjg ls enn dh
gS mu reke gt+jkr ds fy;s ckjxkgs [+kqnk oUns vkye esa tt+k, [kSj ds
XII
fy;s nqvk dh bfYrekl gS fd vYykg rvkyk mudh gj eqjkn iqjh djs
vkSj tUur ulhc djsA
[kkdlkj % feyus dk irk %
lTtkn gqlSu [kkM+k ?kksM+k okyk vkfdc gqlSu iykuk
51 xyh u- F [kkjksy dkWyksuh 53 vtUrk gksVy LVªhV
mn;iqj jktLFkku ¼fgUnqLrku½ cqjgkuh gkWy ds ikl
eksckby % 91 9214695674 psrd ekxZ mn;iqj
Qksu % 91 294 2454044 eksckby%91 9772042377
XIII
is”k y¶t+is”k y¶t+is”k y¶t+is”k y¶t+is”k y¶t+
ijojfnxkj vkye dk yk[k yk[k “kqØ gS fd mlus bl
cUnk&,&gd+hj dks Qkfreh nkvor dh vewY; fdrkc nvkbeqy bLyke
ds igys fgLlsa ds rtqZesa dh rkSQhd vrk QjekbZ fQj mudh b”kkvr ds
vLckc eqg¸;k fd;s vkSj mudh b”kkvr ds ckn d+cwfy;rs vke dk tks
“kjQ c[“kk gS ml ij cs lk[krk lj bt+gkjs r”kDdqj ds fy;s ltnk,s
evcwn esa >qd tkrk gSA
r”kuxkus mywe vkys eqgEenv-l- ds eqlyly rdkt+ksa ls etcwj
gksdj nvkbeqy bLyke fgLlk vOoy dk igyk ,fM”ku fdrkc dh
iqjkuh xyfr;ksa ls ikd o lkQ ukt+jhu dh f[kner esa is”k fd;k tkrk
gSA
vygEnks fyYykg fd fQdg et+gcs Qkfreh dh tkesv vkSj
eqLrun fdrkc nvkbeqy bLyke ftYn vOoy ftldk mnwZ rtqZek igyh
ckj dkfjbu fdjke dh f[kner esa is”k fd;k tk jgk gSA izksQslj vkflQ
fcu vyh vlxj QSt+h t+sn “kqjQk us bl fdrkc ds cgqr lkjs o dye
fd;s gq, uql[kksa dks tek djds rdjhcu ianzg lky ds eqlyly tÌks
tgn vkSj rgd+hd+ o rkyhd ds ckn lj t+eh feLj ds mlh ik;k r[r
dkfgjk ls “kkbv fd;k Fkk tgka Qkfreh f[kykQr ds ukewj d+kt+h d+t+kr
l¸;nuk vcw guhQk ukSeku fcu eqgEen exfjch reheh Qkfreh us ckuh
d+kfgjk gt+jr beke eksbt+ fcYykgv-l- dh jguqekbZ vkSj cjdkr bYeh;k
ls eqLrQhn gksdj Qkfreh fQdg dh bl vt+heq””kku fdrkc dks
eqjfRrc fd;k FkkA ge ;gka ij eqvfYyQ dh eq[krflj lokfug g;kr
dyecan djrs gSA
eqvfYyQ %eqvfYyQ %eqvfYyQ %eqvfYyQ %eqvfYyQ % vkidk bLes fxjkeh ukSeku vkSj dqfUu;r vcw guhQk
gS vgys lqUur ds beke vvt+e vcw guhQk ukSeku fcu lkfcr ds uke
vkSj dqfUu;r esa eq”kkcgr ds ckbl vkids uke ds lkFk l¸;nuy vty
dkft+y exfjch fy[kk tkrk gSA vki [kkunkus rehe ds p”e o fpjkx
FksA dsjoku tks bLykeh mywe o evkfjQ vkSj rgt+hc o reÌqu dk
xgokjk Fkk ogh vki rhljh lnh fgtjh ds vkf[kj esa iSnk gq,A vkids
okfyns ekftn dk uke vcw vCnqYykg eqgEen FkkA e”kgwj eqvfjZ[k
XIV
vYykek bCus [kydku dh fjok;r ds eqrkfcd+ og ,d lu jlhnk cqtqZx
FksA ml t+ekus ds fugk;r fnypLi vkSj gSjr vaxst+ v[kckj o gokfnl
c;ku djrs FksA ,d lkS pkj lky dh mez esa lu~ 351 fgtjh esa oQkr
ikbZA vkids gksfugkj Qjt+Un l¸;nuk d+kft+y ukSeku fcu eqgEen us
uekt+s tukt+k i<+kbZA vkSj dsjoku ds ckcql lye esa enQwu gq,A
lu 296 fgtjh esa nkSyrs Qkfrfe;k ds d+;ke vkSj igys Qkfreh
[kyhQk beke esgnh fcYykgv-l- ds lkFk rvYyqdkr iSnk gksus ls igys
vkids gkyrs ft+Unxh eQdwn ¼ekywe ugh½ gSA vycRrk bruk t+:j
ekywe gks ldk gS fd vki igys ekfydh et+gc ds iS: ¼ekuus okys½ FksA
ckn esa Qkfreh bLekbZyh et+gc esa nkf[ky gks x;sA ckuh nkSyrs Qkfrfe;k
beke vCnqYykg esgnh fcYykgv-l- us tc lu 313 fgtjh esa exfjc esa
;kfu f”kekyh ¼mRrj fn”kk½ vÝhdk esa viuh “kf[+l;r dks t+kfgj dj
fn;kA vkSj vxkfyck ¼ogka ds gkfde½ us tc jkg Qjkj bf[r;kj dh rks
vkius muds n;kj esa uqtwys vtyky Qjek;k ¼t+kfgj gq,½A ml oDr
Qkfreh f[kykQr ds njckj esa l¸;nuk d+kft+y ukSeku gt+jr beke
esgnh fcYykgv-l- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gq, FksA
vksgnk , dt+kvksgnk , dt+kvksgnk , dt+kvksgnk , dt+kvksgnk , dt+k % vki beke d+kbe fcvefjYykgv-l- ds vgns
eqckjd esa rjkcqyl ds d+kt+h Fks vkSj beke eUlwj fcYykgv-l- ds vgn esa
“kgj eUlwfj;k ds igys d+kt+h eqdjZj fd;s x;s ckn esa vÝhdk ds reke
“kgjksa ds d+kft+y d+t+kr cuk fn;s x;s FksA
Qt+y o dekyQt+y o dekyQt+y o dekyQt+y o dekyQt+y o deky % vYykek bCus gtj fy[krs gS fd ¼l¸;nuk½
d+kft+y ukSekud-l- QqLrkr feLj esa jgrs Fks vkSj ogka ls jkst+kuk dkfgjk
r”kjhQ ykrs Fks vkSj e”kgwj eqofjZ[k vYykek bCus [kydku us eqofjZ[k
elhgh vkSj bCus tq+ykd dh fjok;r uDy djrs gq, fy[kk gS fd ukSeku
fcu eqgEen dqjvku ds mywe o eqvkfjQ vkSj t+kfgj o ckfru ls vPNh
rjg okfdQ FksA [kqlwlu bYe fQdg vkSj bf[rykQkr Qqdgkv ,
yqxr] “kvjks vnc esa ;xkuv ¼tkudkj½ jkst+xkj FksA xjt+ eqvfjZ[khu esa
ls gj ,d us vkids Qt+y o deky o oqlvr bYe vkSj ldkQr gh dk
rt+fdjk fd;k gSA
rkyhQkrrkyhQkrrkyhQkrrkyhQkrrkyhQkr % l¸;nuk d+kft+y ukSekud-l- us Qkfreh mywe o evkfjQ
ij rdjhcu 44 fdrkcsa fy[kh gS tks Qkfreh et+gc dh vlkl ¼cqfu;kn½
rlOoqj dh tkrh gSA vkius viuh mu reke fdrkcksa dh rluhQ o
XV
rkyhQ ds oDr bl ckr dk [kkl bfUrt+ke j[kk Fkk fd gj fdrkc dh
,d ,d QLy vkSj ,d ,d ckc dks beke eksbt+ fcYykgv-l- dh f[kner
esa blfrukn ds fy;s is”kk fd;k FkkA vkidh bYeh tykyr “kku ij
beke eksbt+ nhuYykg dk ;g b”kkZn fxjkeh eksgj rlnhd gS fd tks
“k[+l ¼l¸;nuk½ d+kft+y ukSeku dh bYeh f[knerksa dk v”kj v”khj ¼1
ijlsUV½ Hkh vnk djsxk eSa mlds fy;s tUur dk t+kfeu gw¡A vYykek bCus
[kydku viuh e”kgwj fdrkc oQh;krqy ,v;ku esa fy[krs gS fd
¼l¸;nuk½ d+kt+h vy ukSeku us vgys cSrs jlwyv-l- ds gqdwd+ dh rkbn
dh fgek;r esa gt+kjksa vkSjkd ¼ist½ fy[ks gS vkSj eq[kkfyQhu vkys
eqgEenv-l- dh rjnhn ¼fojks/k½ esa Hkh cs”kwekj fdrkcsa fy[kh gSaA vkidh
e”kgwj bYeh fdrkcksa dh eq[krflj QgfjLr njts t+hy gSA
¼1½ fdrkc “kjgqy v[kckj ¼lksyg Hkkx½ ¼2½ fdrkc nvkbZeqy
bLyke ¼ercwvk feLj½ ¼3½ vlklqy rkohy ¼Qu rkohy dh vge rjhu
fdrkc tks cS:r esa Nidj “kk;sv gks pqdh gS½ ¼4½ fdrkc etkfyl oy
eqlkbjkr ¼l¸;nuk d+kft+y ukSeku dh Mk;jh gS½ ¼5½ fdrkcqy gEek Qh
vknkc vrckby vbEer ¼ercwvk feLj½ ¼6½ bQfrrkgqn&nkvor ¼nkSyr
Qkfreh ds m:t dh eq[rflj exj tkesv rkjh[k½ ¼7½ fdrkcqy bt+kg
¼8½ rkohyqn nvkbeqy bLyke ¼9½ fdrkcqy v[kckj ¼10½ fdrkcqy ;Ecwv
¼11½ eq[rl:y vklkj ¼12½ fdrkcqr rgkjr ¼13½ vy dlhnrqy eq[krkjg
¼14½ feugktqy Qjkbt+ ¼fojklr dk c;ku½ ¼15½ fjlkyrqt+ t+kfry
c;ku ¼bCus dqrsck ds f[kykQ½ ¼16½ b[k+frykQ+s mlwfyy et+kfgc ¼17½
fdrkcqr rkSfgn oy beker ¼18½ eukfd+c cuh gkf”ke ¼19½ rkohyqj :;kZ
¼20½ eQkfrgUusver ¼21½ eq[rfl:y bt+kg ¼22½ fdrkc eqdrlj ¼23½
fdrkcqy bf[rlkj ¼24½ fdrkcqy bfRrQkd+ oy bQfrjkd+ ¼25½ fdrkcqy
;kSequ oyhyrqu ¼26½ fdrkcs dSfQ;rql lykr ¼27½ fjlkyrqy fefLj;k
fQy jÌs vy “kkQbZ ¼28½ fdrkc fQy jÌs vyy vgen fcu ljhg vy
cxnknh ¼29½ nkesxqy eksftt+ fQy jÌs vyy bRrdh ¼30½ usgtql lchy
byk evfjQrs bYeqr rkohy ¼31½ fdrkc gqnqnqy ekvfjQr ¼32½ fdrkc
bLckrqy gd+kbd+ Qh ekvfjQfr rkSfgnqy [kkfyd ¼33½ fdrkcqu fQy
beker ¼34½ fdrkcqy rvkdqc oy bfUrdkn ¼35½ fdrkcqy nqvkr ¼36½
fdrkcqy fgY; of””k;kc ¼37½ fdrkcq”“kq:r ¼38½ mjtqtrks t+kfry
feuu ¼39½ mjtq+trks t+kfry egu ¼vcw ;t+hn eq[kfYyn fcu dSnkn dh
XVI
cxkor dh rkjh[k½ ¼40½ evkfleqy gqnk ¼41½ edkekrqy vbEerg ¼42½
fdrkcqr rdnhe oy rvuhQA
l¸;nuk d+kft+y ukSeku fcu eqgEen dh chekjh ds eqrkfYyd+
rkjh[k esa dksbZ rQlhy ekStwn ugh gSA Qkfreh mywe vkSj eqvkfjQ dh
tyrh gqbZ ;s “kev ¼jks”kuh½ 29 tqekfnl lkuh lu~ 363 fgtjh esa ges”kk
ds fy, [kkeks”k gks xbZA r[r vkSgnk&,&fQdg jatks vye esa Mwc xbZA
[kyhQk oDr beke eksbt+ fcYykg us uekt+s tukt+k i<+kbZ vkSj dkfgjk
esa nQu gq,A jgerqYykgs rvkykA
vkSykn % vkSykn % vkSykn % vkSykn % vkSykn % vkids Qjt+Uns vdcj vcqy gqlSu vyh fcu ukSeku
dsjoku jtc lu 325fgtjh esa iSnk gq, vkSj vius okfyns fxjkeh
l¸;nuk d+kt+h vy ukSeku ds lkFk feLj r”kjhQ yk, FksA tc l¸;nuk
d+kft+y ukSeku dk bafrdky gks x;k rks vkidks vcw rkfgj t+gyh ds
lkFk feLj ds vkSgnk d+t+kv ¼phQ tfLVl½ esa crkSj eqvkfou ¼ennxkj½
ds “kkjhd+ dj fn;k FkkA vkSj tc etZ+ Qkfyt+ esa vcw rkfgj dk bafrdky
gks x;k rks vki phQ tfLVl cu x;sA Qkfreh [kyhQk vt+ht+ fcYykg
ds ut+nhd vkidh cM+h d+nz eaft+yr FkhA ,d jkst+ tcfd vki tkek
efLtn esa yksxks ds chp eqdÌeksa ds QSlysa lquk jgs Fks fd vpkud vki
ij cq[kkj dk geyk gqvkA fQj og Bhd ugh gks lds vkSj pkSng fnu dh
yxkrkj chekjh ds ckn jtc lu 374 fgtjh esa bafrdky dj x;sA
jgerqyYykgks rvkykA l¸;nuk d+kt+h vy ukSeku ds NksVs Qjt+an vcw
vCnqYykg eqgEen fcu ukSeku Hkh vius cM+s HkkbZ vcwy gqlSu dh oQkr
ds ckn vkSgnk phQ tfLVl ds erZck tyhyk ij Qkbt+ gq,A d+kt+h
vyh fcu ukSeku ds bfUrdky ds ckn beke eksbt+ fcYykgv-l- us
[kkunkus ukSeku dh d+nznkuh djrs gq, vcw vCnqYykg fcu eqgEen fcu
ukSeku dks vius [kr eqckjd esa fy[kk fd rqEgkjs HkkbZ vyh ds ckn
vkSgnk&,&d+t+kv ¼phQ tfLVl½ ij rqEgkjk gh gd+ gSA ge bl vkSgns
dks [kkunkus ukSeku ls dHkh tqnk u djsaxsA d+kt+h eqgEen fcu ukSeku
fjok;r o njk;r] “kvj o vnc vkSj rkjh[k ds tcjnLr vkfye FksA
beke vt+ht+ fcYykgv-l- ds njckj esa eqgEen fcu ukSeku dk erZck bruk
cqyan gqvk fd og njckjs f[kykQr esa beke vt+ht+ fcYykgv-l- ds lkFk
feEcj ij jksud vQjkst+ gksrs Fks ¼bCus [kydku½A eqgEen fcu ukSeku
fugk;r ck odkj vkSj d+kfcys ,gfrjke “kf[l;r ds ekfyd FksA vkidks
XVII
^^l¸;nuk** ds ydc ls f[krkc fd;k tkrk FkkA eqofjZ[k bCus [kydku
vkSj feLjh eqofjZ[k vYykek bCus tqykd dk c;ku gS fd geus feLj esa
fdlh d+kt+h dh ,slh “kku o “kkSd+r ugh ns[kh Fkh tSlh fd eqgEen fcu
ukSeku dks gkfly FkhA vkSj uk bjkd+ esa ,slk dksbZ cqyan erZck d+kt+h
xqt+jk gSA d+kt+h eqgEen fcu ukSeku vius t+krh Qt+y o deky vkSj
bd+kers gd+ vkSj gScr o tyky dh otg ls bl cs felky “kku o
vt+er ds eqLrfgd+ gq, FksA bYe fQdg dh ehjkl [kkunkus cuh ukSeku
esa vjls rd ckd+h jghA vkSj cuh ukSeku lu~ 450 fgtjh rd d+t+kv
¼tt½ ds vkSgnk tyhyk ij evewj gksrs jgsA
nvkbeqy bLyke fy[kus dh otg % nvkbeqy bLyke fy[kus dh otg % nvkbeqy bLyke fy[kus dh otg % nvkbeqy bLyke fy[kus dh otg % nvkbeqy bLyke fy[kus dh otg % Qkfreh eqvfjZ[k nkbZ
l¸;nuk bnjhl beknqÌhu viuh “kgj&,&vkQkd fdrkc ,okuqy v[kckj
esa fdrkc nvkbeqy bLyke fy[kus dh otg c;ku djrs gq, fy[krs gS
fd ,d erZck dk ft+Ø gS dkt+h vy vt+y l¸;nuk vcq guhQk ukSeku
fcu eqgEen cgqr ls Qkfreh nkbZ;ksa ds lkFk beke eksbt+ fcYykgv-l- ds
njckj esa vgknhl ekSt+wv vkSj b[k+frykQs fjok;kr dh ckcr cgl dj
jgs FksA ml oDr beke eksbt+ fcYykg us mUgs jlwyqYykgl-v-o- dk ;g
b”kkZn fxjkeh ;kn fnyk;k fd %
bt+k t+gjfry fcnvks Qh mEerh Qy;qt+fgfjy vkfyeks bYegw Qbu
ye ;Qvy QvySfg yvurqYykfgA rtqZek % jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- Qjekrs gS
fd tc dHkh esjh mEer esa fcnvrs t+kfgj gks rks ml oD+r vkfye ij
Qt+Z gS fd og vius bYe dks t+kfgj djsA vxj mlus ,slk ugh fd;k
rks ml ij [+kqnk dh ykvur gSA fQj vkius l¸;nuk vy vt+y dh
rjQ ns[kdj Qjek;k fd , ukSeku! bl gnhl “kjhQ esa rqe tSls gh
vkfyeksa ls eqjkn fy;k x;k gSA mlds ckn vkius mudks nvkbeqy
bLyke dh rvyhQ dk gqDe fn;k vkSj mlds mlwy o Qq:v eqjfRrc
dj fn;s vkSj vbEek vgys cSrv-l- us jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls ejQqvu tks
fjok;kr lgh uDy dh Fkh muls okfdQ dj fn;k FkkA
fdrkc dh ,gfe;r % fdrkc dh ,gfe;r % fdrkc dh ,gfe;r % fdrkc dh ,gfe;r % fdrkc dh ,gfe;r % fQdg et+gcs Qkfreh dh ;g vt+he
fdrkc fQdg ds reke elkby ij gkoh gSA Qkfreh vdhnk ds eqrkfcd+
XVIII
bLyke ds lkr nvkbe gSA oyk;r] rgkjr] uekt+] t+dkr] jkst+k] gt
vkSj ftgknA pqukpka Qkft+y eqvfYyQ us bu lkrksa nvkbe ds eqrkfYyd+
dqjvkus gdhe dh vk;rsa vkSj vgknhls jlwysl-v-o- vkSj vbEek vgys cSrv-
l- ds b”kkZnkr uDy fd;s gSA vkius fjok;kr is”k djrs oDr brukc
¼fQjdsckt+h½ ls cpus ds fy;s njfe;kuh jkoh;ksa ds vlekv ¼ukeksa½ dks
gt+Q dj ¼gVk½ fn;k gS vkSj :ohuk vu Qyka & etgwy fy[kdj vly
fjok;r dks uDy dj fn;k gSA bl fdrkc dh vdlj fjok;rsa beke
ckfdjv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfndv-l- ls eudwy gSA
bl fdrkc dh tkfe;r dk lgh vankt+k bl ckr ls yxk;k tk
ldrk gS fd Qkfreh [kyhQk beke vyhf;fu&T+t+kfgjv-l- ds t+ekus esa
vkius yksxks dks nvkbeqy bLyke dks eqag t+ckuh ;kn djus dk gqDe
fn;k Fkk vkSj mUgksus blds fy;s cgqr cM+k buke eqdjZj dj j[kk FkkA
vkSj beke gkfde fcvefjYykgv-l- us ;eu esa vius nkbZ gk:u fcu
eqgEen dks ,d [kr fy[kk fd gjke o gyky dh ckcr Qrok ryc
djus okyks ds fy;s rqe tks Hkh Qrok tkjh djks og nvkbeqy bLyke gh
dh jks”kuh esa gksuk pkfg;sA
blds vykok Qkfreh et+gc ds cqyan ik;k vkfye l¸;nuk
vgen gehnqÌhufdjekuhj-t- oQkr lu 412 fgtjh viuh fdrkc jkgrqy
vDy ¼feLj esa Nih gqbZ½ esa is”k y¶t+ ¼eqdÌek½ esa fy[krs gS fd esjh
fdrkc jkgrqy vDy ds i<+us ls igys ftu fdrkcksa dk i<+uk t+:jh gS
muesa ls ,d fdrkc nvkbeqy bLyke Hkh gSA blh rjg Qkfreh et+gc
ds nwljs cqyan ik;k vkfye l¸;nuk eks ;n ”khjkt+h erkSQh lu 470
fgtjh esa viuh [kqn dh g;krs lhjrs eks ;fn;k esa fy[krs gS fd og gj
tqesjkr ds fnu lqYrku vcw dkyhtkj cosgh dks nvkbeqy bLyke dh
eq[krfyQ Qlys ¼ikB½ i<+ dj lquk;k djrs FksA pqukaps vkt Hkh fgUn
o ;eu ds bLekbZyh o Qkfreh nkÅnh cksgjk blh fdrkc nvkbeqy
bLyke ds Qroks ij vey djrs gSaA ;g fdrkc deh cs”kh ls bl d+nz
ikd gS fd ,d ekewyh fny o fnekx dk vkneh Hkh Qkfreh fQdg ds
elkby ls c[kqch okfdQ gks ldrk gSA xt+Z ;g fdrkc ,d ^^ck vey
eqvfeu** cuus ds fy;s csgrjhu t+jh;k gSA nvkbeqy bLyke ds ftYn
lkuh ¼nqljs fgLls½ esa eqvkeykr ls cgl dh xbZ gSA
1
fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe
o fcgh uLrbZuks Qh tehby mewj
vygEnks fyYykfg bfLrQrkgu fc gfEngh o lYyYykgks vyk
eksgEefnu jlwfygh o vfCngh o vyy vbEefrr rkfgjhu feu vgys
cSfrgh vtebZu vEek cvn
tc nhu esa d+;kl vkjkb;k¡ T+;knk gks xbZ] [okfg”kkr u¶l vkSj
et+kfgc eq[krfyQ gks x;sA vD+oky ?kM+s x;sA mEer fQjd+ks vkSj tekvrksa
esa cV xbZ jlwys [kqnkl v o dh vDlj lqUursa feV xbZA fcnvr dk isM+
uewnkj gks dj cqyan gks x;kA xqejkg fQjd+ksa esa ls gj fQjd+s us fdlh
tkfgy dks viuk is”kok cuk fy;k vkSj mldh rd+yhn vkSj gqDe dh
iSjoh esa flQZ mlds dgus ij gjke dks gyky vkSj gyky dks gjke le>
fy;kA fdrkcqYykg vkSj lqUurs jlwyl-v-o- esa ls fdlh cqjgku o nyhy ds
cx+Sj vkSj mEer o vbEek ds fdlh btekv ds cx+Sj rks ml oDr gedks
jlwys vdjel-v-o- dk ;s b”kkZns fxjkeh ;kn vk;k ftlesa vkius viuh
mEer ls f[krkc djds Qjek;k fd rqe yksx t+:j mu mEerksa dh jkgksa
ij d+ne&c&d+ne pyksxs tks rqels is”krj xqt+j pqdh gS] rqe muds uD”ks
dne dh ml gn rd iSjoh djksaxs fd vxj oks fdlh xqQk ds lqjk[k esa
nkf[ky gqbZ gS rks rqe Hkh mlesa nkf[ky gksaxs vkSj nwljh gnhl “kjhQ esa
gS fd rqe yksx t+:j fiNys yksxksa ds rjhd+ksa ij pyksaxsA ;gka rd ds
vxj oks fdlh fHkM+ ¼e/kqe[[kh½ ds NRrs esa nkf[ky gq, gSaA rks rqe
Hkh mlesa nkf[ky gksxsA
pqukps mEer dk gky mUgha xqft+”rk mEerks tSlk gqvk ftuds
eqrkfYyd+ [kqnkoUns rvkyk us bl vk;rs djhek esa c;ku Qjek;k gS %
2
bRr[ktw vgckjgqe o :gckugqe vjckce feu nwfuYykg 10&9@31
rtqZek % rks mUgksaus [kqnk dks NksM+dj vius myek vkSj e”kkb[k dks jc
cuk j[kk gSA gka mu yksxksa ds flok ftu dks [kqnk us cpk fy;k gS viuh
vkSj vius jlwy vkSj mu vkSfy;k&,&fdjke dh brkvr djus ds lcc
ftu dh brkvr [kqnk us QtZ+ dh gSA
beke tvQ:Llfnd+vl ls fjok;r gS fd vkius et+dwjk ckyk
vk;rsa djhek frykor QjekbZ vkSj dgk fd d+le c[kqnk mUgksaus ¼;kfu
;gwn o ulkjk½ vius myek vkSj e”kkb[k ds fy;s u rks jkst+k j[kk Fkk u
mudh rjQ eqag djds oks uekt+ i<+rs Fks cfYd vly ckr ;g gS fd mu
myek us ftl gjke pht+ dks muds fy;s gyky cuk fn;k rks mldks oks
gyky le> cSBs vkSj ftl gyky pht+ dks mu ij gjke dj fn;k
mldks mUgksaus Hkh gjke d+jkj ns fy;kA
jlwyl-v-o ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k ds tc dHkh esjh mEer es
fcnvrsa t+kfgj gks rks ml oD+r vkfye ij QtZ+ gS fd oks viuk bYe
t+kfgj djsA vxj mlus ,slk ugha fd;k rks ml ij [kqnk dh ykvur gSA
pqukps tc oks reke ckrsa t+kfgj gks xbZ ftudk geus Åij ft+Ø fd;k
gS rks geus crkSQhd+s vYykg ;s equkflc [;ky fd;k fd ,d eq[krflj
exj tkesv fdrkc tks bLyke ds nvkbe vkSj gjke o gyky d+t+k;k
¼QSlysa½ o ,gdke ds c;ku ij eq”rfey gks rLuhQ djsa ftldk fg¶+t+
¼;kn½ djuk vklku vkSj mlwy le>us esa vklku gks vkSj mlesa brus
eq[rflj vD+oky ntZ gksa tks rwy&rohy ¼yEch pkSM+h½ ckrksa ls csfu;kt+
dj ns fygkt+k bl fdrkc esa ge bLyke ds nvkbe o gyky o gjke mu
tqeyk fjok;kr esa ls ftuds ckjs esa jkfo;ksa dk bf[rykQ gS flQZ lgh
vkSj lkfcr fjok;kr gh ij bfDrQkv djsaxs tks vbEek vgyqy cSr
jlwyv-l ls ejoh gSaA
3
bLyke ds lkr lqrwu ¼[kEcs½bLyke ds lkr lqrwu ¼[kEcs½bLyke ds lkr lqrwu ¼[kEcs½bLyke ds lkr lqrwu ¼[kEcs½bLyke ds lkr lqrwu ¼[kEcs½
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+++v l ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd bLyke dh
cqfu;kn lkr lqrquksa ij gS vOoy ¼1½ oyk;r tks lc ls vQt+y gSA vkSj mlh
oyk;r vkSj okyh ls nwljs reke nvkbe ¼lqrqu½ dh ekvfjQr rd igaqpk tk
ldrk gSA nks;e ¼2½ rgkjr] lks;e ¼3½ uekt+] pgkje ¼4½ t+dkr] iate ¼5½
jkst+k] “k”ke ¼6½ gt] gQre ¼7½ ftgknA ;s bLyke ds lkr nvkbe ;kfu lwrwu
gSaA bU”kk vYykg ge bu lc dk rt+fdjk bZeku ds c;ku ds ckn djsaxs D;ksafd
[kqnk bZeku ds cx+Sj fdlh vey dks d+cwy ugha djrkA mlds ut+nhd rks ogh
“k[l ikdht+k gS tks vgys bZeku esa ls gS fQj ge mlds ckn gyky o gjke]
d+t+k;k o ,gdke tSls vge elkby ij rQlhy ls xq¶rxw djsaxs D;ksafd mu
elkby esa Hkh bcknkr ds igyw vkSj e¶:t+kr gSa vkSj [kjhnks Qjks[r] [kkus ihus
dh pht+sa] rykd o fudkg] ehjkl o “kgknr xt+Z fQd+g ds reke okftc o
lfcr elkby ij xq¶rxw djsaxsA
ge bl vge f[kner dks vUtke nsus ds fy;s [kqnkoUns djhe ls usd
rkSQhd+ vkSj enn ds rkfyc gSaA blh “ks; ds olhys ls tks mlds ut+nhd
ikdht+k vkSj eqd+nnl gS vkSj ftlls [kqnk dh dqjcr ulhc gksrh gSA
4
oyk;r
5
fdrkcqy oyk;rfdrkcqy oyk;rfdrkcqy oyk;rfdrkcqy oyk;rfdrkcqy oyk;r
bZekubZekubZekubZekubZeku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l ls fjok;r gS vki bZeku dh r”kjhg
djrs gq, Qjekrs gS fd t+cku ls bd+jkj djuk] fny ls rLnhd+ djuk
vkSj vjdkus bLyke ij vey djuk bZeku gSA mlds vykok dksbZ vkSj
bZeku nq:Lr ugha gSA fQjd+k ejft;k dh ;s jk; ds vey ds cx+Sj flQZ
d+kSy ;kfu t+cku ls bd+jkj dj ysus dk uke bZeku gSA ;s lgh ugha gS
blh rjg tekrs vkEek dk ;s Hkh vd+hnk nq:Lr ugha gS fd bZeku egt+
d+kSy o vey gSA
fQjd+k ejft;k dk ;s [;ky dSls nq:Lr gks ldrk gS fd bZeku
d+kSy gS vey ugha tc fd reke mEer vkSj [kqn fQjd+k ejft;k dk bl
ckr ij iwjk iwjk bfRrQkd+ gS fd vxj dksbZ “k[l [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds
mu Qjkbt+ esa ls ftudks mlus vius cUnksa ij Qt+Z fd;k gS fdlh ,d
Qt+Z dks bUdkj djrs gq, rdZ dj ns ;kfu ml ij vey u djs rks fQj
fcyk ”kqcgk ¼”kd½ oks dkfQj gSaA tc rd ds oks bl ckr ij bljkj
djrk jgs] mldk [kwu gyky gS vxj oks [kqnk dk bd+jkj djrk gSA vkSj
mldh ognkfu;r dk d+kby gS vkSj viuh t+cku ls iSx+Ecjs [kqnk eqgEen
eqLrQkl-v-o dh ucqOor o fjlkyr dh rLnhd+ djrk gS exj oks bl
bd+jkj o rLnhd+ ds lkFk&lkFk ;s Hkh dgrk gS fd Q+yka Qjht+k ¼tSls
t+dkr½ bu Qjkbt+ esa ls ugha gS tks jlwys vdjel v o [kqnkoUns rvkyk
dh rjQ ls ysdj vk;s gS gkykafd t+dkr ds ckjs esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk
;s b”kkZn gS fd %
o osyqy fyy eq”kfjdhuy yt+hu% yk ;wrqut+ t+dkr 24&41@6&7
¼rtqZek½ % vkSj ,sls eq”kfjdksa ds fy;s cM+h [kjkch gS tks t+dkr ugha nsrsA
ns[kk vkius fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us bl vk;rs djhek esa ^^eq”kfjdhu** dks
t+dkr cUn dj nsus dh otg ls nk;jk bZeku ls [kkfjt dj fn;k gS vkSj
mlh fcuk ij jlwys vdjelvo ds ckn eqlyekuksa us cuh guhQk dk d+Ry
6
vkSj mu dh vkSykn dks xqyke cuk ysuk tkbt+ Bgjk fy;k Fkk vkSj
mudks vgyqy fjng ;kfu eqrZnhu ds uke ls ekslwe fd;k FkkA D;ksafd
mUgksaus t+dkr nsuk cUn dj fn;k FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v l ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gSa fd esjs
finj cqtqZxokj beke eksgEenqy ckfd+jv l us ,d fnu gt+jr tkfcj fcu
vCnqYykg valkjhj v ls Qjek;k fd , tkfcjj-t- D;k vYykg rvkyk us
eq”kfjd ij Hkh t+dkr Qt+Z dh gS\ gt+jr tkfcjj-t- us dgk fd ugha!
vYykg rvkyk us rks t+dkr flQZ eqlyekuksa ij QtZ+ dh gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v l us Qjek;k fd eSa rqedks crykrk gw¡ D;k rqedks [kqnk
dk ;g d+kSy ekywe ugha gSa fd %
o oSyqy fyy eq”kfjdhuy yt+hu% yk ;wrqut+ t+dkr 24&41@6&7
¼rtqZek½ % vkSj ,sls eq”kfjdksa ds fy;s cM+h [kjkch gSa tks t+dkr ugha nsrsA
gt+jr tkfcjj-t- Qjekrs gSa fd tc eSaus beke ckfd+jv l dh t+ckus
eqckjd ls et+dwjk ckyk vk;r lwuh rks eq>s ,slk ekywe gqvk fd xks;k eSaus
bl vk;rs djhek dks dHkh i<+k gh ugha Fkk gkykafd oks [kqnk dh fdrkc
dqjkus ethn eas ekStwn gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v l Qjekrs gS fd ;s
vk;rs djhek mu yksxksa ds ckjs esa mrjh gS ftUgksaus veh:y eqvfeuhu
vyh bfCu vch rkfycv l dh oyk;r esa f”kdZ fd;k Fkk vkSj viuh t+dkr
,sls “k[l dks nh Fkh ftlus vius vki dks ekSykuk vyhv l ds eqd+kcys
esa [kM+k fd;k Fkk ml ckjs esa dyke cgqr rohy gSA
vkSj tekrs vkEek dk ;s dguk fd bZeku fu¸;r ds cx+Sj d+kSy o
vey gS rks ;s Hkh eqgky ckr gS D;ksafd mu yksxksa dk bl ckr ij iwjk
bfRrQkd+ gS fd vxj ,d “k[l fnu Hkj [kkus ihus ls ckt+ jgs vkSj jksts+
dh fu¸;r u j[ks rks oks jkst+knkj ugha gS vkSj mlh rjg [kM+k gksdj :dw
o lqtwn djs vkSj uekt+ dh fu¸;r u j[ks rks oks uekt+h ugha gS vkSj
vjQkr ds igkM+ ij tkdj [kM+k gks tk;s vkSj gt dh fu¸;r u djs rks
oks gkth ugha vkSj viuh reke nkSyr [kSjkr dj ns vkSj t+dkr dh
fu¸;r u gks rks mldks t+dkr dk lokc u feysxk xtZ+ tekrs vkEek dk
;s rlOoqj fd fu¸;r reke Qjkbt+ esa t+:jh gS mlls beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l dk ;s b”kkZns fxjkeh lkfcr gks x;k fd bZeku d+kSy o
7
vey vkSj fu¸;r bu rhuksa ds etewv, dk uke bZeku gSA fygkt+k ;gh
bZeku lkfcr o lgh gSA mlds vykok dksbZ vkSj bZeku tkbt+ o nq:Lr
ugha gSaA
jlwys vdjel-v-o ls fjok;r gS vki fu¸;r ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs gS
fd vkeky fu¸;rksa ls nq:Lr gksrs gS tks “k[l ftl pht+ dh fu¸;r
djrk gS mldks ogh pht+ feyrh gS il vxj fdlh us vYykg o jlwyl
v o dh rjQ fgtjr dh gS rks oks vYykg o jlwyl v o ls tk feysxkA vkSj
ftldh fgtjr vkSj fu¸;r fdlh vkSjr ls “kknh ;k nqfu;k rych gS rks
oks viuh ml eqjkn dks igqapsxkA
mlwys bZekumlwys bZekumlwys bZekumlwys bZekumlwys bZeku
bZeku bl ckr fd “kgknr nsuk gS fd vYykg ds flok dksbZ evcwn
ugha gSA oks okfgn gS mldk dksbZ “kjhd ughaA jlwys vdjel-v-o [kqnk ds
cUns vkSj iSx+Ecj gSA tUur gd+ gS tgUue gd+ gS d+cz ls mBuk vkSj
d+;ker dk vkuk cj&gd+ gSA vfEc;k o eqjlyhu vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-
l- dh rLnhd+ djuk bekeqT+t+ekuv-l- dh evfjQr vkSj rLnhd+ djuk mu
ds gqDe dks ekuuk vkSj [kqnk us vius cUnksa ij tks ,gdke QtZ+ fd;s gS
mu reke ij vey djuk vkSj ftu dkeksa ls jksdk gS muls nwj jguk
beke dh brkvr djuk oks tks Qjek;s mldks d+cwy djuk bZeku gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkils
fdlh lkby us iwNk fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds ut+nhd vQt+y rjhu
vey D;k gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd ,s lkby vQt+y rjhu vey oks gS fd
ftlds cx+Sj vYykg rvkyk dksbZ vey d+cwy ugha djrk lkby us vt+Z
fd;k fd oks dkSu lk vey gS\ lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd
[kqnk ij bZeku ykuk reke vkeky esa vkyk ntkZ dk vey gSA ;s :rcs
esa lcls T+;knk v”kjQ gS vkSj mldk lokc Hkh lcls T+;knk feyrk gSA
lkby us vt+Z fd;k vki eq>s bZeku ds eqrkfYyd+ crk;sa fd vk;k oks d+kSy
o vey gS ;k d+kSy fcyk vey gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- us Qjek;k
fd bZeku lj ls iSj rd vey gh vey gS vkSj d+kSy ml vey dk ,d
fgLlk gS tks [kqnk dh rjQ ls cUnksa ij Qt+Z fd;k x;k gSA dqjvkus
8
ethn esa ftldk okts+g c;ku gS vkSj tks nyhy o gqTtr ls lkfcr gS
vkSj fdrkcs bykgh esa ftl vey ;k gqDe dh “kgknr ekStwn gS dqjvku
“kjhQ ftldh rjQ nkor djrk gS oks vey ;k gqDe bZeku dk ,d tw+t+
vkSj fgLlk gSA
lkby dgrk gS fd eSaus lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa
fQj vt+Z fd;k fd xqyke tku o eky ls vki ij fQnk eq>ls vki
lkQ&lkQ c;ku Qjek;sa fd bZeku dh gd+hd+r D;k gS rkfd eSa bZeku dks
vPNh rjg le> tk¡Å] beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd bZeku
dh eq[krfyQ lwjrsa vkSj njtkr gSA mlds eq[krfyQ gkykr] rcd+kr
vkSj eukft+y gSa pqukaps bZeku dh mu lwjrksa esa ls bZeku dkfey gS] bZeku
ukfd+l gS] bZeku jkftg ¼cqyUn rjhu½ gSA lkby dgrk gS fd eSaus vt+Z
fd;k fd D;k bZeku dkfey ¼lEiw.kZ½ Hkh gksrk gS] ukfd+l ¼v/kwjk½ Hkh gksrk
gS] jkftg Hkh gksrk gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd gk¡! lkby us iwNk fd mldh
D;k dSfQ;r vkSj D;k lwjrsa gSa\ lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd
lwuks! vYykg rvkyk us bZeku dks veyh “kDy esa bCus vkne ds ,d&,d
vT+kw ij Qt+Z o okftc d+jkj nsdj muesa rd+lhe dj fn;k gSA pqukaps
bCus vkne ds vkt+k esa ls ,slk dksbZ vT+kw ugha gS fd ftl ij bZeku
veyu QtZ+ u gks ml vey ds flok tks nwljs vtw ij QtZ+ gS tSls
bUlku ds vkt+k esa ls bUlku dk fny ftlls oks Qsge o clhjr gkfly
djrk gS ;s bUlku ds iwjs ftLe dk vehj o ekfyd gS mldh jk; vkSj
gqDe ds cx+Sj fdlh vtw dh etky ugha fd oks fdlh pht+ dks ftLe ds
vUnj nkf[ky djs ;k [kkfjt djsA bUlku ds vkt+k esa mldh nks vk¡[ksa
Hkh gSa ftuls oks ns[krk gS] nks dku gSa ftuls oks lqurk gS] nks gkFk gSa
ftuls idM+us dk dke ysrk gSA nks iSj gSa ftuls pyrk gS vkSj Qjt
¼”keZxkg½ gS ftldh jkg ls ckg dk [kq:t gSA ,d t+cku gS ftlls
ckrphr djrk gSa] ,d lj gS ftlesa mldk psgjk gS il bu vkt+k esa ls
dksbZ ,slk vT+kw ugha gS ftl ij veyu bZeku Qt+Z u gks ml vey ds
flok tks nwljs vtw ij Qt+Z gS vkSj ;s oks vey gSa tks [kqnk dh rjQ ls
Qt+Z fd;k x;k gSA mldh “kgknr fdrkcqYykg esa ekStwn gSA [kqnkoUns
rvkyk us bUlku ds fny ij tks bZeku Qt+Z fd;k gS oks ml vey ds
vykok gS tks mlus nksuksa dkuks is Qt+Z fd;k gS vkSj dkuksa ij tks vey
QtZ+ fd;k gS og blds flok gS vkSj tks [kqnk us t+cku ij QtZ+ fd;k gS
9
oks ml vey ds vykok gS tks nksuks vka[kksa ij vey Qt+Z gS vkSj tks nksuksa
vka[kksa ij Qt+Z gS oks mlds flok gS tks nksuksa gkFkksa ij QtZ+ gSA vkSj nksuksa
gkFkksa ij tks vey Qt+Z gS oks mlds vykok gS tks nksuksa iSjksa ij Qt+Z gS
vkSj tks vey nksuksa iSjksa ij QtZ+ gS oks mlds flok gS tks [kqnk us Qjt
¼”keZxkg½ ij Qt+Z fd;k gS vkSj Qjt ij tks vey QtZ+ gS oks mlds flok
gS tks [kqnk us eqag ij QtZ+ fd;k gSA
bl vteky dh rQlhy ;g gS fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us fny ij
tks bZeku QtZ+ fd;k gS oks bd+jkj o ekvfjQr vkSj ,vfrd+kn] rLyhe
o jt+k gSA ;kfu cUnk eqvfeu ml ckr dk fny ls bd+jkj djs fd
vYykg rckjdYykgks o rvkyk ,d gS mlds flok dksbZ nwljk ugha oks
okgngq yk “kjhd gSA ;drk o csfu;kt+ gS u mlds choh gS u vkSykn gS
eksgEen eqLrQkl v o [kqnk ds cUns vkSj mlds lPps jlwy gS [kqnk dh
lyokr vki ij vkSj vkidh vkys vrgkj ij bl bd+jkj ds ckn mu
reke pht+ksa dk Hkh bd+jkj t+:jh gS tks [kqnk dh rjQ ls Hksth xbZ gS tSls
fdrkc vkSj iSx+Ecj il ;s oks veyh bZeku gS tks [kqnk us fny ij Qt+Z
fd;k gS ;kfu bd+jkj o ekvfjQr mldh rjQ fuEufyf[kr vk;rksa esa
b”kkjk fd;k x;k gSA [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bYyk eu mdfjg% o d+Ycqgw eqrebUuqe fcy bZekfu oyk fdu eu “kjg%
fcy dqf¶j lnjk 14&16@106 rtqZek % ¼tks “k[l bZeku yk;s ihNs
vYykg ds lkFk dqÝ djs½ exj ftl “k[l ij t+cjnLrh dh tk;s c”krZ
;g fd mldk fny bZeku ij eqrebu gks ysfdu gk¡ tks th [kksydj dqÝ
djsa ¼rks ,sls yksxksa ij vYykg dk x+t+c gksxk vkSj cM+h lt+k gksxh½ vkSj
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us nwljh txg Qjek;k fd %
vyk fc ftdzfjYykfg rrebUuqy dqywc 13&13@28 ¼rtqZek½ % [kwc
le> yks fd vYykg ds ft+Ø ls fnyksa dks brfeuku gksrk gSA vkSj nwljh
vk;r esa gS fd %
10
vy yt+hu% d+kyw vkeUuk fcvQokfgfge oye rqvfeu dqywcqgqe 6&5@41
¼rtqZek½ %& tks vius eqag ls rks dgrs gS fd ge bZeku yk;s gkykafd muds
fny bZeku ugha yk;s gSA vkSj nwljh txg b”kkZns ckjh gS fd %
o bu rqcnw ek Qh vuQqfldqe vo rq[kQwgks ;qgkflcdqe fcfgYykgks
3&2@284 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj tks ckrsa rqEgkjs uQlks esa gS mudks vxj t+kfgj
djksxs ;k iks”khnk j[kksxs rks gd rvkyk rqels fglkc ysaxs vkSj vYykg
rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bu rqcnw [kSju vo rq[kQwgks 6&4@149 ¼rtqZek½ % vxj usd dke
,ykfu;k djks ;k mldks [kqfQ;k ¼fNikdj½ djksA
il bd+jkj o evfjQr tks fny dk vey gS [kqnkoUns rvkyk us
fny ij QtZ+ fd;k gS ;gh vey bZeku dh vlkl ¼cqfu;kn½ gS vkSj
t+cku ij [kqnkoUns rvkyk us d+kSy o rvchj ;kfu fny us tks bd+jkj o
,vfrdkn fd;k gS mldks vyQkt+ esa c;ku djuk Qt+Z fd;k gSA tSlk
fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us bl vk;rs djhek esa c;ku Qjek;k gS fd %
dqy vkeUuk fcYykfg o ek mfUty% vysuk o ek mfUty% vyk bczkghe%
o bLekbZy% o bLgkd+% o ;vdwc% oy vlckfr o ek mofr;% ewlk o bZlk
ou uch¸;wu% feUjZfCcfge yk uqQfjZd+ks cSu% vgfne feugqe o uguks ygw
eqfLyewu 3&3@84 ¼rtqZek½ % vki Qjek nhft;s fd ge bZeku j[krs gSaA
vYykg ij vkSj ml ij tks gekjs ikl Hkstk x;k vkSj ml ij tks bczkghe
o bLekbZy o blgkd+ o ;kdwc vkSj vkSykns ;kdwc dh rjQ Hkstk x;k
vkSj ml ij Hkh tks ewlk o bZlk vkSj nwljs ufc;ksa dks fn;k x;k muds
ijofnxkj dh rjQ ls bl dSfQ;r ls fd ge muesa ls fdlh ,d esa Hkh
11
rQjhd+ ugha djrs vkSj ge rks vYykg gh ds eqrhv ¼Qjekacjnkj½ gSA vkSj
[kqnk us Qjek;k fd %
o dwyw fyUukfl gqLuu 1&2@83 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vke yksxksa ls vPNh
rjg ckr djksA vkSj ;s Hkh b”kkZn Qjek;k fd %
o dwyw d+kSyu lnhnu 22&33@70 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj jkLrh ¼lh/kh rjg½ dh
ckr dgksA vkSj [kqnk us nwljs ed+ke ij Qjek;k fd %
o dqfyy gD+d+ks feUjZfCcdqe 15&18@29 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vki dg nhft;s
fd ge rqEgkjs jc dh rjQ ls gSaA
blh rjg [kqnkoUns rvkyk us cs”kqekj vk;rksa esa t+cku ls dguk
Qt+Z o okftc d+jkj fn;k gSA il ;s d+kSy o rvchj t+cku dk vey gSA
dku ij ;s Qt+Z gS fd oks [kqnk ds Qjeku dks cjkcj lqus vkSj
mldh rjQ iwjk /;ku ns gjke vkSj ,slh ckrksa dks u lqus tks [kqnk dks
u ilan gks bl ckjs esa b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
o d+n uT+t+y% vySdqe fQy fdrkfc vu bt+k lfevrqe vk;kfry ykfg
;qdQjks fcgk o ;qlrgt+vks fcgk Qyk rd+mnw evgqe gRrk ;[kwtw Qh
gnhflu xSfjgh bUudqe bt+e feLyqgqe 5&4@140 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vYykg
rvkyk rqEgkjs ikl ;s Qjeku Hkst pqdk gS fd tc vgdkes bykfg;k ds
lkFk el[kjh vkSj dqÝ gksrk gqvk lquks rks mu yksxksa ds ikl er cSBks tc
rd fd oks dksbZ vkSj ckr “kq: u dj ns fd bl gkyr esa rqe Hkh mUgh
tSls gks tkvksxs vkSj nwljh vk;rs djhek esa b”kkZn gS fd %
o bEek ;qufl;ud% ””kSrkuks Qyk rdmn cvnt+ ft+djk evy d+kSfet+
12
t+kfyehu 7&6@68 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vxj rq>dks “kSrku Hkqyk ns rks ;kn
vkus ds ckn fQj ,sls t+kfye yksxksa ds ikl er cSBks vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk
dk ;s b”kkZn gS fd %
Q cf””kj bckfny yt+hu% ;lrfeÅuy d+kSy% Q;rrfcÅu% vglugw
mykbdy yt+hu% gnkgqeqYykgks o mykbdk gqe myqy vyckc
23&39@17&18 ¼rtqZek½ % lks vkil-v-o esjs mu cUnksa dks [kq”k[kcjh lquk
nhft;s tks ml dyke dks dku yxk dj lqurs gS fQj mldh vPNh
vPNh ckrksa ij pyrs gS ;gh gS ftudks vYykg us fgnk;r dh vkSj ;gh
gS tks vgys vD+y gSA
vkSj mlds vykok b”kkZn bykgh gS fd %
d+n vQygqy eqvfeuwuy yt+hu% gqe Qh lykfrfge [kkf”kÅu oy
yt+hu% gqe vfuy yxfo eqvfjt+wu oy yt+hu% gqe fyT+t+dkfr Qkbywu
18&23@1&4 ¼rtqZek½ % ;dhuu mu eqlyekuksa us Qykg ikbZ tks viuh
uekt+ esa [kq”kwv djus okys gS vkSj tks csgwnk ckrksa ls eqag eksM+us okys gS
vkSj tks t+dkr vnk djrs gSA vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk bj”kkn gS fd %
o bt+k lfemy yxo% vvjt+w vugks 20&28@55 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj tc
dksbZ csgwnk ckr lqurs gSa rks Vky tkrs gSa vkSj b”kkZn ckjh gS fd %
o bt+k e:Z fcy yxfo ej~: fdjkek 19&25@72 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vxj
csgqnk e”kx+yksa ds ikl ls gks ds xqt+js rks oks lathnxh ds lkFk xqt+j tkrs
gSA et+dwjk ckyk vk;rks esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk us dku ij Qt+Z fd;k gS fd
oks gjkedkjh dh ckrksa ds lwuus ls xqjst+ djs ;gh dku dk vey gSA
13
vka[kksa ij [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ;s QtZ+ fd;k gS fd oks gjke pht+ksa
dh rjQ u ns[kas vkSj ftu pht+ksa dh rjQ ut+j mBkuk Hkh [kqnk us eeuwv
¼euk½ d+jkj fn;k gS mu ls vka[kksa dks uhph j[kuk pkfg;sA ;s bZeku esa
nkf[ky gS vkSj vka[kksa dk vey gSA bldh r”kjhg euntkZ t+hy vk;rksa
esa dh xbZ gSA [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
dqy fyy eqvfeuhu% ;xqT+t+w feu vclkfjfge o ;gQt+w Qq:tgqe
18&24@30 ¼rtqZek½ % vkil-v-o- eqlyeku enksZ ls dg nhft;s fd viuh
fuxkgsa uhph j[ksa vkSj viuh “keZxkgks dh fgQkt+r djsaA bl vk;rs djhek
dk eQgwe ;s gS fd dksbZ eqvfeu enZ vius HkkbZ dh “keZxkg dh rjQ
ut+j uk mBk;s vkSj mlds “keZxkg dh fgQkt+r djs rkfd dksbZ “k[l
mldh tkfuc ut+j mBkdj u ns[ksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- Qjekrs gS
fd dqjku ikd esa “keZxkg dh fgQkt+r ls eqrkfYyd+ tks Hkh vk;r gS
mlls “keZxkgks dks ft+uk ls esgQwt+ j[kus ls eqjkn gS ysfdu et+dwjk
ckyk vk;r esa xT+t+sclj ls eqjkn ;s gS fd fdlh Hkh “keZxkg ij ut+j u
Mkyuk pkfg;s vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ,d nwljh vk;r esa ,d gh lkFk
fny] t+cku] vk¡[k] dku mu reke ds Qjkbt+ c;ku fd;s gSA b”kkZns ckjh
gS %
oyk rd+Qks ek ysl% yd% fcgh bYequ bUul lev% oy clj% oy
Qqvkn% dqYyks mykbd% dku% vugks eLÅyk 15&17@36 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj
ftl ckr dh rq>dks rsgd+hd+ u gks ml ij vey njvken er fd;k dj
dku vkSj vka[k vkSj fny gj “k[l ls mu lcdh iwN gksxh vkSj nwljh
vk;r esa b”kkZns ckjh gS fd %
oek dqurqe rLrfr:u% vU; ;”kgn% vySdqe lemdqe oyk vclk:dqe
oyk tqywnqdqe 24&41@22 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj rqe bl ckr ls rks vius dks
14
Nqik gh u ldrs Fks fd rqEgkjs dku vkSj vka[ksa vkSj [kkysa rqEgkjs f[kykQ
esa xokgh nsA ;gka [kkyksa ls jkus ¼Vkaxsa½ vkSj “keZxkgsa eqjkn gSaA
et+dwjk ckyk vk;rksa esa gjke dkeksa dh rjQ fuxkg mBkuk eeuwv
d+jkj fn;k x;k gS gjke dkeksa ls xT+t+sclj ;kfu vka[ksa uhph j[kuk nksuksa
vka[kksa dk vey gS vkSj ;s bZeku esa nkf[ky gSA
nksuksa gkFkksa ij [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ;g QtZ+ fd;k gS fd muls
dksbZ gjke dke u fd;k tk;s cfYd bu gkFkksa ls lnd+k o [kS+jkr] flyk
jgeh] ikls d+jkcrnkjh jkgs [kqnk esa ftgkn vkSj uekt+ ds fy;s oqt+w+ dk
dke fy;k tk;s tSlk fd bl vk;rs djhek esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk us b”kkZn
fd;k gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw bt+k dqerqe byl lykfr Qxflyw oqtwgdqe
o ,fn;%dqe byy ejkfQfd+ oElgw fc:Åfldqe o vjtqfydqe byy
dvcsfu o bu dqurqe tquqcu QRrg~g: 6&5@6 ¼rtqZek½ % , bZeku okyksa
rqe tc uekt+ dks mBus yxks rks vius psgjs dks /kksvks vkSj vius gkFkksa dks
Hkh dksgfu;ksa lesr vkSj ljksa ij gkFk Qsjks vkSj vius isjksa dks Hkh V[kuksa
lesr vkSj vxj rqe tukcr dh gkyr esa gks rks lkjk cnu ikd djks vkSj
nwljh vk;rs djhek esa b”kkZns ckjh gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw bt+k yd+hrqeqy yt+hu% dQ: t+gQu Qyk
rqoYyw gqeqy vnckj 9&8@15 ¼rtqZek½ % ,s bZekuokyksa tc rqe dkfQjksa
ls :c: eqdkfcy gks tkvks rks muls iq”rsa ¼ihB½ er Qsjuk vkSj ;s Hkh
b”kkZn ckjh gS fd %
15
Q bt+k yd+hrqeqy yt+hu% dQ: Q t+jcj&fjd+kfc gRrk bt+k vL[kurqewgqe
Q”kqÌqy olkd+% QbEek eu ue cvnks o bEek fQnkvu 26&47@4
¼rtqZek½ % vkSj tc rqEgkjk dq¶Qkj ls eqd+kcyk gks tk;s rks xnZus ekjks ;gka
rd fd tc rqe mudh [kwc [kwajst+h dj pqdks rks [kwc et+cwr cka/k yks fQj
mlds ckn ;k rks fcyk eqvkot+k NksM+ nsuk ;k eqvkot+k ysdj NksM+ nsuk
il eSnku&,&ftgkn es [kqnkoUns rvkyk us xnZus ekjuk Qt+Z fd;k gSA
D;ksafd xnZus ekjuk nksuks gkFkksa dk dke gS vkSj ;s bZeku esa nkf[ky gSA
nksuksa iSjks ij [kqnk dh jkgs brkvr eas pyuk Qt+Z fd;k x;k gS
;kfu mu iSjksa ls ,sls cqjs dkeksa dh rjQ py dj u tk;k tk;s ftlesa
[kqnk dh uk Qjekuh gksrh gks cfYd gqDes [kqnkoUnh vkSj jt+k&,&bykgk
dh rjQ mu iSjksa ls pydj tkuk pkfg;sA bl ckjs esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk
dk b”kkZn gS fd %
oyk ref”k fQy vjfn ejgu bUud% yu r[kfjd+y vjn% o yu
rcyqxy ftcky% rwyk 15&17@37 ¼rtqZek½ % t+ehu ij brjkrk gqvk er
py rw u t+ehu dks QkM+ ldrk gS vkSj u igkM+ksa dh yEckbZ dks igq¡p
ldrk gSA vkSj nwljh txg b”kkZns ckjh gS fd %
od+fln Qh e”kf;d% oxt+qt+ feu lkSfrd% bUu% vu djy vlokfr y%
lksrqy gehj 21&31@19 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj viuh j¶rkj esa ,frnky ¼cjkcjh½
bf[r;kj dj vkSj viuh vkokt+ dks iLr dj cs”kd vkokt+ksa esa lcls cqjh
vkokt+ x/kksa dh vkokt+ gS vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw bt+k uwfn;% fyl lykfr feU;kSfey tqEvfr
Qlvks byk ft+dfjYYkkfg 28&62@9 ¼rtqZek½ % ,s bZeku okyksa tc tqEvk
ds jkst+ uekt+ ds fy;s vt+ku dgh tk;k djs rks rqe vYykg dh ;kn dh
rjQ py iM+k djksA vkSj ;s Hkh b”kkZns [kqnkoUnh gS fd %
16
oy ;rrooQq fcycSfry vrhd+ 17&22@29 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj ml d+nhe
¼[kkuk&,&dkvck½ dk rokQ djs vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk us euntkZ t+hy
vk;rs djhek esa ml ckr dh [k+cj nh gS fd d+;ker ds fnu gkFk vkSj
iSj vius f[k+ykQ vkSj vius ekfydksa ds f[k+ykQ c&t+fj;k dyke xokgh
nsaxsA b”kkZn ckjh gS fd %
vy ;kSe% u[kfreks vyk vQokfgfge o rqdfYyequk ,nhfge o r”kgnks
vjtqyqgqe fcek dkuw ;dflcwu 23&36@65 ¼rtqZek½ % vkt ge muds
eq¡gksa ij eksgj yxk nsaxs vkSj muds gkFk gels dyke djsaxs vkSj muds ikao
“kgknr nsaxs tks dqN ;g yksx fd;k djrs FksA
et+dwjk vk;rks esa ftu dkeksa dk ft+Ø fd;k x;k gS oks gkFkksa vkSj
iSjksa ij QtZ+ gS ;s mudk oks vey gS tks bZeku esa nkf[ky gSA
psgjs ij [kqnkoUns rvkyk us fnu vkSj jkr uekt+ ds vkSd+kr esa
lqtwn Qt+Z d+jkj fn;k gS tSlk fd bl vk;krs djhek esa b”kkZns ckjh gS fd
%
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuwjdÅ oLtqnw ovcqnw jCc%dqe oQvyqy [kSj%
yvyydqe rqQfygwu 17&22@77 ¼ltns dh vk;r gS ltnk djs½
rtqZek % ,s bZekuokyksa rqe :dwv fd;k djks vkSj ltnk fd;k djks vkSj
vius jc dh bcknr fd;k djks vkSj usd dke fd;k djksA mEehn gS fd
rqe Qykg ikvksxs il uekt+ ,d ,slk tkesv Qjht+k gS ftldh vnkbxh
esa eq¡g] nksuks gkFk vkSj nksuks iSjksa dks “kkfey gksuk iM+rk gSA ,d nwljh
vk;r es b”kkZns ckjh gS fd %
o vUuy elkftn% fyYykfg Qyk rnÅ evYyfg vg%nk 29&72@17
¼rtqZek½ % vkSj ;s efLtnsa vYykg gh dh gSA il flok vYykg ds fdlh
dh bcknr er djks il [kqnkoUns rvkyk us rgkjr o uekt+ vkt+k ij
17
Qt+Z d+jkj fn;k gS vkSj uekt+ dks viuh fdrkcs eqchu esa bZeku ls rvchj
fd;k gS ;s okfdvk bl rjg ls eudwy gS fd tc ijojfnxkj&,&vkye
us vius iSx+Ecj eksgEen eqLrQklvo- dk fdcyk cS;rqy eqd+n~nl ls Qsj
fn;k vkSj vkidks ;s gqDe gqvk fd vc ctk;s cS;rqy eqd+n~nl dh rjQ
eqag djds uekt+ i<+us ds cSrqYykfgy gjke ;kfu dkvck dh rjQ eqag
djds uekt+ i<+saA ml oDr eqlyekuksa us jlwys vdjelvo- dh f[kner esa
vt+Z fd;k fd ,s iSx+Ecjs [kqnkl-v-o- Hkyk vki gh gesa crkyk,a fd geus
ftu uekt+ksa dks cS;rqy eqd+n~nl dh rjQ eqag djds i<+k gS mu uekt+ksa
dk vkSj gekjk D;k vUtke gksxk\ pqukpsa blds tokc esa vkleku ls ;s
vk;r ukft+y gqbZ %
oek dkuYykgks fy;qt+hv% bZekudqe bUuYykg% fcUukfl y&jmQqj jghe
2&2@143 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vYykg rvkyk ,sls ugh gS fd rqEgkjs bZeku dks
t+k;k dj ns ;d+huu vYykg rvkyk rks yksxksa ij cgqr gh esgjcku o
“kQhd+ gS ns[kk vkius fd vYykg rvkyk us bl vk;rs djhek esa uekt+
dks bZeku ls rvchj fd;k gS vc tks “k[l bl nqfu;k ls bl gky esa
bfUrd+ky djsxk fd mlds vkt+k xqukgksa ls esgQwt+ gksaxs vkSj gj vT+kw us
viuk Qt+Z vPNh rjg ls vnk fd;k gksxk rks oks “k[l vYykg rvkyk
ls dkfeyqy bZeku dh lwjr esas tk feysxk vkSj nkf[kys cfg”kr ¼tUur½
gksxk exj ftl “k[l us mu vkt+k ds t+fj;s vYykg rvkyk ls t+jk Hkh
[k;kur dh gksxh ;k ,gdkes bykgh ls rtkoqt+ o ljrkch ¼uk&Qjekuh½
dh gksxh rks ,slk “k[l ukfd+lqy bZeku dh “kDy esa vYykg rvkyk ls
tk feysxkA bZeku dh bl rohy r”kjhg ds ckn lkby us beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- dh f[kner esa fQj vt+Z fd;k , Qjt+Uns jlwyl-v-o- eSa
vkidh bl r”kjhg ls ukfd+l vkSj dkfey bZeku dh gd+hd+r ls okfdQ
gks pqdk ysfdu bZeku dh T+;knrh dh D;k dsfQ;r vkSj lwjr gS vkSj
mlds T+;knk gksus dk lqcwr D;k gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl us Qjek;k
fd bZeku ds T+;knk gksus ds ckjs esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk us bl vk;rs djhek
esa c;ku fd;k gS fd %
18
o bt+k ek muft+yr lwjrqu Qfeugqe eU;&;dwyks v¸;qdqe t+knrgks
gkft+gh bZekuu QvEey yt+hu% vkeuw Qt+knrgqe bZekuo o gqe ;Lrcf”k:u
o vEey yt+hu% Qh dqywfcfge ejt+qu Qt+knr gqe fjtlu byk fjtflfge
oekrw o gqe dkfQ:u 11&9@124&125 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj tc dksbZ lwjg
ukft+y dh tkrh gS rks ckvt+ equkfQdhu dgrs gS ml lwjr esa rks rqe
esa ls fdlds bZeku esa rjDdh nh lks tks yksx bZekunkj gS ml lwjr us
muds bZeku esa rjDdh nh gS vkSj oks [kq”k gks jgs gSa vkSj ftuds fnyksa esa
vkt+kj ¼chekjh½ gS bl lwjr us muesa mudh xanxh ds lkFk vkSj xanxh
c<+k nh gS vkSj oks gkyrs dqÝ gh esa ej x;sA vkSj ,d nwljh vk;r esa
[kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS %
uguks udqLlks vySd% ucvgqe fcy gfD+d+ bUugqe fQr;rqu vkeuw
fcjfCcfge o ft+nukgqe gqnk 15&18@13 ¼rtqZek½ % ge mudk okfdvk
vkils Bhd&Bhd c;ku djrs gSa oks yksx pUn ukStoku Fks tks vius jc
ij bZeku yk;s Fks vkSj geus mudh fgnk;r esa vkSj rjD+d+h dj nh FkhA
vxj dqy bZeku ,d gksrk vkSj mlesa dksbZ deh o T+;knrh u
gksrh rks ml lwjr esa fdlh dks fdlh nwljs eqvfeu ij Qt+hyr gkfly
u gksrh vkSj bZeku ykus ds ,sot+ tks usversa feyrh mlesa lc cjkcj ds
fgLlsnkj gksrs vkSj reke eqvfeuhu ntsZ esa eqlkoh ¼cjkcj½ gksrs vkSj
vQt+fy;r dk ut+fj;k ckfry gks tkrk ysfdu gd+hd+rsa vez ;g gS fd
eqvfeuhu vius bZeku dkfey gh dh otg ls tUur esa nkf[ky gksaxs vkSj
bZeku ds jkftg ¼cf<+;k½ vkSj T+;knk gksus dh fcuk ij mudks [kqnkoUns
rvkyk ds ut+nhd nwljksa ij Qt+hyr gkfly gksxh vkSj oks eqd+Lljhu
ftu ds bZeku ukfd+l gSa oks tgUue esa nkf[ky gksaxsA lkby dgrk gS fd
eSaus lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd [kqnkoUns
19
rvkyk ds ut+nhd bZeku ds ,sls njtkr o eukft+y Hkh gSa ftuls
eqvfeuhu dks nwljksa ij Qt+hyr gkfly gksxhA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-
l- us Qjek;k fd gk¡! bZeku ds ,sls njtkr o eukft+y gS ml oDr lkby
us vtZ+ fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwyv-l- vki bZeku ds ,sls njtkr o
eukft+y dks c;ku Qjek;as] rkfd eSa muls okfd+Q gks tk¡ÅA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk eqvfeuhu ds njfe;ku
bZeku ykus esa xks;k lcd+r ys tkus dh ckt+h yxkbZ Fkh ftl rjg ls fd
,d eqd+jZj fnu esa ?kksM+ksa ds njfe;ku eqlkfcd+r dh ckt+h yxkbZ tkrh gS
pqukpas tks eqvfeuhu bZeku ykus esa lkfcd+ gq, muesa ls gj ,d ds bZeku
dks ntkZ c ntkZ d+cwy Qjek;k vkSj lc+kdr ds eqrkfcd mudks ntkZr
vrk fd;s x;sA ;kfu ck&,frckjs lckd+r ftldks tks ntkZ feyuk pkfg;s
Fkk mlesa dksbZ deh ugha dh xbZ u rks bZeku esa ihNs jgus okyk lkfcd+
eqvfeu ij eqd+n~ne fd;k x;k vkSj u eQtw+y dks Qkft+y ij ;s
lckd+r gh ,d ,slh Qt+hyr gS ftlls mEer esa vOoy bZeku ykus okys
dks vkf[kj esa bZeku ykus okyksa ij Qt+hyr nh xbZA pqukaps veh:y
eqvfeuhu beke vyh bCus vch rkfycv-l- reke lgkck fdjke esa lcls
igys bZeku yk;s FksA blfy;s vkidks nwljs reke eqvfeuhu ij Qt+hyr
gkfly Fkh vkSj vxj igys bZeku ykus okyksa dks ckn esa bZeku ykus okyksa
ij dksbZ Qt+hyr vkSj QkSfd+;r gkfly u gksrh rks bl mEer dk vkf[kjh
bZeku ykus okyk igys bZeku okyksa ds nks”k cnks”k [kM+k ut+j vkrkA vkSj
vxj lckd+r dks Qt+hyr dk fev;kj u cuk;k x;k gksrk rks ckn esa
vkus okyksa esa ls cgqr ls vjckcs Qt+y o deky o t+ksgn o rd+ok
vOoyhu ¼igys vkus okys½ ij eqd+n~ne gks tkrs D;ksafd ckn esa vkus okys
esa ,sls cgqr ls vjckcs Qt+y o deky ,sls ut+j vkrs gS tks eqrd+Ìehu
¼igys bZeku ykus okys½ ls dbZ T+;knk ck vey gS oks cdljr uekt+s i<+rs
gS vkSj cgqr jkst+s j[krs gS vkSj cgqr gt djrs gS vkSj cgqr T+;knk ftgkn
vkSj jkgs [kqnk esa lnd+kr djrs gSA vxj eqvfeuhu ds njfe;ku lckd+r
o vOoyh;r dks cqfu;kn v”kjQh;r o vQt+yh;r d+jkj u fn;k tkrk
rks eqrkf[kjhu ¼ckn esa vkus okys½ vius vey dh T+;knrh ds ckbl ¼dh
otg ls½ vOoyhu lkcsd+hu ij eqd+n~ne gks tkrs ysfdu [kqnk dks ;s
ilUn ugha fd tks “k[l bZeku ds vkf[kjh ntsZ esa gS oks vOoyhu ds ntsZ
esa “kkfey gks tk;s vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk dks ;s Hkh ilUn ugha fd ftldks
20
mlus bZeku ds ntsZ esa eqvf[[kj ¼ckn esa½ j[kk gS oks eqd+n~ne gks tk;s vkSj
ftldks bZeku ds ntsZ esa eqd+n~ne Qjek;k gS oks eqvf[[kj gks tk;s lkby
dgrk gS fd eSaus lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd
vki eq>s dksbZ ,slh vk;r cryk,a ftlesa vYykg ty ”kkugw us eqvfeuhu
dks bZeku esa lcd+r ys tkus dh nkor nh gksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l-
us Qjek;k fd bl vk;rs djhek esa lkfcd+r dk c;ku gS [kqnkoUns rvkyk
dk b”kkZn gS %
lkfcdw byk exfQj%fre feUjfCcdqe otUufru vjnqgk dvjfnl&lekb
oy vjfn mbír fyy&yt+hu% vkeuw fcYykfg o :lqfygh 27&57@21
rtqZek % rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh ex+fQjr dh rjQ nkSM+ksa vkSj ,slh
tUur dh rjQ ftldh yEckbZ pkSM+kbZ vkleku o t+ehu dh yEckbZ
pkSM+kb ds cjkcj gS oks mu yksxksa ds okLrs rS;kj dh xbZ gS tks vYykg ij
vkSj mlds jlwyksa ij bZeku j[krs gSA vkSj nwljh vk;r djhek esa [kqnkoUns
rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
oLlkfcdwuLlkfcdwu% mykbdy eqd+jjcwu 27&56@10&11 rtqZek % vkSj
tks vkyk ntsZ ds gS oks vkyk ntsZ ds gSa oks [kkl d+qcZ ¼ut+nhdh½ j[kus
okys gSa vkSj bl vk;rs djhek esa Hkh [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS %
oLlkfcdwuy vOoywu% feuy&eqgkftjhu% oy vUlkfj oy&yt+hur
rcÅgqe fc bglkfuj jft+vYykgks vugqe o jt+w+ vugks 11&9@100
rtqZek % vkSj tks eqgkftjhu vkSj vUlkj lkfcd vkSj eqdn~ne gSa vkSj
ftrus yksx b[kykl ds lkFk muds iS: ¼ekuus okys½ gS vYykg mu lc
21
ls jkt+h gqvk vkSj oks mlls jkt+h gq, vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS
%
fyy&Qqd+jkby eqgkftjhuy yt+hu% m[kfjtw feu fn;kfjfge o
veokfyfge ;crxwu% Qt+ye feuYykfg o fjt+okuo o ;ulq:uYykg%
o jlwygw mykbd% gqeqLlkfndwu 28&59@8 rtqZek % mu gktreUn
eqgkftjhu dk gd+ gS tks vius ?kjksa ls vkSj vius ekyksa ls tqnk dj fn;s
x;s gSa oks vYykg ds Qt+y o jt+keUnh ds rkfyc gSa vkSj oks vYykg vkSj
mlds jlwy dh enn djrs gSa ;gh yksx lPps gSaA vkSj vYykg rvkyk us
Qjek;k fd %
oYyt+hu% rcOomíkj% oy&bZeku% feu&d+cfyfge ;qfgCcwu% eu gktj%
bySfge oyk ;ftnwu% Qh lqnwfjfge gktre feEek Årw o ;qvfl:u% vyk
vuQqflfge oyks dku% fcfge [klklrqu oeU;&;wd% “kqg~g% uf¶lgh Q
mykbd% gqeqy eqQfygwu oYyt+hu% tkÅ fee&cvfnfge ;dqywu%
jCcux&fQjyuk o fy b[kokfuuy yt+hu% lcdwuk fcy bZekfu oyk
rtvy Qh dqywfcuk fxYyy fyYyt+hu% vkeuw jCcuk bUud% jÅQqj
jghe 28&59@9&10 rtqZek % vkSj mu yksxksa dk gd+ gSa tks nk:y bLyke
esa vkSj bZeku esa muds d+Cy ls d+jkj idM+s gq, gSa tks muds ikl fgtjr
djds vkrk gS mlls ;s yksx eksgCcr djrs gSa vkSj eqgkftfju dks tks dqN
22
feyrk gS mlls ;s vius fnyksa esa dksbZ j“kd ugha ikrs vkSj vius ls
eqd+n~ne j[krs gSa vkSj vxjps mu ij Qkd+k gh gks vkSj tks “k[l viuh
rch;r ds cq[y ¼datwlh½ ls esgQwt+ j[kk tk;s ,sls gh yksx Qykg ikus
okys gSa vkSj mu yksxksa dk tks muds ckn vk;s tks nqvk djrs gSa fd ,s
gekjs ijojfnxkj gedks c[“k ns vkSj gekjs mu HkkbZ;ksa dks tks gels igys
bZeku yk pqds gSaA vkSj gekjs fnyksa esa bZeku ykus okyksa dh rjQ dhuk
¼vnkor½ u gksus nhft;s ,s gekjs jc vki cM+s “kQhd+ o jghe gSaA bl
vk;rs djhek esa vYykg rvkyk us eqgkftjhu o vUlkj o rkcsbZu dk
rt+fdjk ntkZ&c&ntkZ fd;k gSA lcls igys eqgkftjhu vOoyhu dk
rt+fdjk muds ntsZ lckd+r ds eqrkfcd+ fd;k x;k gSA fQj ntkZ, nkSe
¼2½ esa vUlkj dk ft+Ø gS vkSj ntkZ lkSe ¼3½ ds rkcsbZu eq[kfylhu dk
ft+Ø gSA il [kqnkoUns rvkyk us viuh ckjxkg esa eqgkftjhu o vUlkj
o rkcsbZu dks ogh ntkZ o euft+yr vrk fd;k ftlds oks eqLrgd+ Fks
vkSj bl vk;rs djhek esa eqrd+n~nehu vgys bZeku ds gd+ esa eqvfeuhu
ds rycs ex+fQjr dk Hkh ft+Ø fd;k x;k gS rkfd mlls eqrd+nn~ehu dk
QT+ky o deky lkfcr gks tk;s mlds ckn [kqnkoUns rvkyk us euntkZt+hy
vk;r esa vius vkSfy;k ds Qt+kby o eukfd+c dk bl rjg rt+fdjk
fd;k fd %
frydj #lqyks QT+t+yuk cvt+gqe vyk cvfne feugqe eu dYyeYykgks
o jQv% cvngqe njtkfru o vkrsuk bZlk bfCu% ej;ey cf¸;ukfr o
v¸;nukgks fc:fgy dqnql 3&2@253
rtZqek % ;s gt+jkr eqjlyhu ,sls gS fd geus mu esa ls ckvt+kas dks ckvt+ksa
ij Qksfd+;r c[”kh gS ckvt+ mueas oks gSa tks vYykg rvkyk ls ge dyke
gq, gSa vkSj ckvt+ksa dks muesa cgqr ls njtksa esa ljQjkt+ fd;k vkSj geus
gt+jr bZlkv-l- fcu efj;e dks [kqys [kqys nykby vrk Qjek;s vkSj geus
mu dh rkbZn :gqy dqnql ls QjekbZ vkSj ,d nwljh vk;r esa [kqnkoUns
rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
23
o yd+n QT+t+yuk cvnu uch¸;hu% vyk cvfnu 15&17@55 ¼rtqZek½
% vkSj geus ckvt+ ufc;ksa dks ckvt+ ij Qt+hyr nh gSA vkSj b”kkZn ckjh
gS fd %
gqe njtkrqu bUnYykfg 4&3@163 ¼rtqZek½ % ;s et+dqjhu njtkr esa
eq[krfyQ gksaxs vYykg rvkyk ds ut+nhdA vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk
b”kkZn gS fd %
o ;qvfr dqYy% t+h Qt+fyu Qt+ygw 11&11@3 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj gj T+;knk
vey djus okys dks T+;knk lokc nsxkA vkSj b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
vy yt+hu% vkeuw o gkt: o tkgnw Qh lchfyYykfg fc veokfyfge o
vuQqflfge vvt+eks njtru bUnYyfg o mykbd% gqeqy Qkbt+wu
10&9@20 ¼rtqZek½ % tks yksx bZeku yk;s vkSj mUgksus rdsZ oru fd;k
vkSj vYykg dh jkg esa vius eky o tku ls ftgkn fd;k oks ntsZ esa
vYykg ds ut+nhd+ cgqr cM+s gS vkSj ;gh yksx iwjs dke;kc gSA vkSj
[kqnkoUns rvkyk dk ;s Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
o QT+t+yYykgqy eqtkfgnhu% vyy d+kbnhu% vtju vt+hek njtkfre
feugks o exfQjrao o jgeru 5&4@95&96 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vYykg
rvkyk us eqtkfgnhu dks c eqd+kcyk ?kj esa cSBus okyksa ds cM+k vtjs
vt+he fn;k gS ¼;kfu cgqr ls ntZsa tks [kqnk dh rjQ ls feysaxs½ vkSj
ex+fQjr vkSj jgerA vkSj bl vk;rs djhek esa vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn
gS fd %
24
yk ;lroh feudqe eu vuQd+% feu d+fCyy Qrfg o d+kry% mykbd%
vvt+eks njtre feuy yt+hu% vuQdw fee cvnks o d+kryw o dqYyo
ovnYykgqy gqLuk 27&57@10 ¼rtqZek½ % tks yksx Qrg eDdk ds igys
[kpZ dj pqds vkSj yM+ pqds cjkcj ugha oks yksx ntZs esa mu yksxksa ls cM+s
gS ftUgksaus ckn esa [kpZ fd;k vkSj yM+s vkSj vYykg rvkyk us HkykbZ dk
oknk lcls dj j[kk gSA vkSj ckjh rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
;jQbYykgqy yt+hu% vkeuw feudqe oy yt+hu% mrqy bYe% njtkfru
28&58@11 ¼rtqZek½ % vYykg rvkyk rqe esa bZeku okyksa ds vkSj mu
yksxksa dks ftudks bYe vrk gqvk gS ntsZ cqyUn dj nsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- Qjekrs gS fd et+dwjk ckyk ¼Åij
fy[kh½ reke vk;rksa esa bZeku ds njtkr o eukft+y vkSj eqvfeuhu ds
eq[krfyQ gkykr vkSj lckd+r esa ckge rQkft+y dk rt+fdjk fd;k x;k
gS ysfdu bZeku ds cx+Sj flQZ lckd+r ls dksbZ Qk;nk u gksxkA pqukps
vxj fdlh lkfcd+ enZ eqvfeu us vius bZeku esa fdlh fdLe dk uqDl
iSnk dj fn;k ;k mldks rksM+ fn;k rks ml lwjr esa flQZ eqd+n~ne vkSj
lkfcd+ gksuk mldks dksbZ Qk;nk u igqapk,xkA tSlk fd bl vk;rs
djhek esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o eU; ;dQqj fcy bZekfu Qdn gfcr% ve%yqgw o gqo% fQy vkf[kjfr
feuy [kkfljhu 6&5@5 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj tks “k[l bZeku ds lkFk dqÝ
djsxkA rks ml “k[l dk vey x+kjr ¼csdkj½ gks tk;sxk vkSj oks “k[l
vkf[kjr esa fcYdqy ft+;kdkj ¼uqdlku mBkus okyk½ gksxkA
25
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- Qjekrs gS fd bl vk;rs djhek esa dqÝ
fcy bZeku ls ,gdke bykgh ij vey u djuk eqjkn gS vkSj bl ckr ls
gekjs bl d+kSy dh rkbZn Hkh gksrh gS fd bZeku dh cqfu;kn d+kSy o vey
vkSj ,frd+kn ij gS vkSj bZeku o rLnhd+ ds cx+Sj bu rhuksa dk otwn uk
eqefdu gSaA il tc bZeku o rLnhd+ ds lkFk&lkFk d+kSy o vey vkSj
fnyh ,frdkn gksxk rks ml oDr bZeku dkfey gksxkA mlds vykok vxj
dksbZ “k[l t+cku ls dgrk vkSj ml ij vey djrk gS ysfdu g+d o
bZeku ds f[kykQ fny esa vd+hnk j[krk gS rks ,slk “k[l eqvfeu u gksxkA
pkgs og viuh tku ij fdruh gh e”kDdr D;ksa u mBkrk gks mldk ;s
vey mldks eqQhn u gksxkA
pqukaps bl ckjs esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o dfneuk byk ek vfeyw feu ve%fyu Q tvyukgks gckve eUlwjk
18&25@23 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj ge muds mu dkeksa dh rjQ tks fd oks dj
pqds Fks eqroTtk gksaxs lks mudks ,slk dj nsaxs tSls ijs”kku x+qCckjA vkSj
nwljh vk;rs djhek esa b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
oqtwgqU; ;ksebft+u [kf”kvk 0 vkfeyrqu ukflck 0 rlyk ukju gkfe;k
30&88@2&4 ¼rtqZek½ % cgqr ls psgjs ml jkst+ t+yhy eqlhcr
>syrs vkSj [kLrk gksaxsA vkfr”ks lkst+k ¼rirh vkx½ esa nkf[ky gksaxsA bl
flyflys esa vkSj c dljr nykby ekStwn gSaA
26
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
uksVuksVuksVuksVuksV 11111 % e”kgqj bekes yqxkr l¸;nuk vcw gkfre jkt+h fdrkc&t+huk esa
bLyke o bZeku dh yx+oh evuh ¼eryc½ ij jks”kuh Mkyrs gq, rsgjhj
Qjekrs gS fd yqxr ¼vjch fM”ujh½ esa bLyke ds nks evuh gSA ,d rks
eqrhv o Qjekacjnkj gksuk vkSj nwljh evuh gS bufdrkv ;kfu ;dlq
¼,d lkFk½ gks tkuk vkSj bZeku ds yx+oh evuh gS rLnhd+ vkSj mldk
vLy veku gSA
bLykebLykebLykebLykebLyke11111 vkSj bZeku vkSj bZeku vkSj bZeku vkSj bZeku vkSj bZeku
bLyke o bZeku ds njfe;ku D;k Qd+Z gS\ bl flyflys esa
[kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
d+kyfry vvjkcks vkeUuk dqy ye rqvfeuw oyk fdu dwyw vlyeuk
oyEek ;n[kqfyy bZekuks Qh dqywfcdqe 26&49@14 ¼rtqZek½ % ;s xaokj
dgrs gS fd ge bZeku ys vk;s vki Qjek nhft;s fd rqe bZeku rks ugha
yk;s ysfdu ;wa dgks fd ge eqrhv gks x;s vkSj vHkh rd bZeku rqEgkjs
fnyksa esa nkf[ky ugha gqvkA vkSj ;s Hkh b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
;equ uwu% vySd% vu vlyeq dqy yk reqUuw vy¸;% bLykedqe cfyYykgks
;eqUuks vySdqe vu gnkdqe fyy bZekfu bu dqurqe lkfnd+hu 26&49@17
¼rtqZek½ % ;s yksx vius bLyke ykus dk vki ij ,glku j[krs gS vki
dg nhft;s fd eq> ij vius bLyke ykus dk ,glku u j[kks cfYd
vYykg rqe ij ,glku j[krk gSa fd mlus rqedks bZeku dh fgnk;r nh
c”krZ ;g fd rqe lPps gksA vkSj nwljh vk;r esa [kqnkoUnss rvkyk dk
b”kkZn gS fd %
27
Qv[kjtuk eu dku% Qhgk feuy eqvfeuhu 0 Qek otnuk Qhgk xSj%
cSfru feuy eqfLyehu 0 27&51@35&36 ¼rtZqek½ % rks geus ftrus
bZekunkj Fks lcdks ogka ls vyx dj fn;k lks flok;s eqlyekuksa ds ,d
?kj ds vkSj dksbZ ?kj geus ugha ik;kA
il dqjvkus gdhe dh bu vk;rksa ls ;s lkfcr gksrk gS fd bZeku
,d vyx “kS; gS ysfdu mlds cjvDl ckvt+ voke dk ;s c;ku gS fd
bZeku o bLyke nksuks a ,d gh “kS; gS tks nq:Lr ughaA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd bZeku bLyke ds
nk;js esa t+:j nkf[ky gS ysfdu bLyke bZeku ds nk;js esa nkf[ky ugh
D;ksafd bLyke dk rvYyqd+ t+kfgjh vd+oky o vkeky ls gS vkSj bZeku
dk rvYyqd+ ckfru ;kfu [kqyqls d+Yc ls gSA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- ls
,d erZck bLyke o bZeku dh gd+hd+r ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k rks vkius
Qjek;k fd bZeku dk reke rj rvYyqd+ fny ls gS vkSj bLyke fudkg
o ehjkl ds vgdke dh ikcUnh dk uke gS tks “k[l nk;jk&,&bLyke
esa nkf[ky gks tkrk gS mldk d+Ry gjke gks tkrk gSA mldk [kwu bT+t+r
o vkc:] eky o nkSyr lc dqN esgQwt+ gks tkrs gSA
fygkt+k bZeku nk;jk&,&bLyke esa t+:j nkf[ky gS ysfdu
bLyke nk;jk bZeku esa nf[ky ughA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us mldh
r”kjhg o rkst+hg bl rjg ls QjekbZ Fkh fd vki us viuh gFksyh ij ,d
NksVk lk xksy nk;jk cuk dj Qjek;k fd ;s bZeku dk nk;jk gSA mlds
ckn vki us ml NksVs xksy nk;js ds pkS rjQ ,d nwljk cM+k xksy nk;jk
cuk dj Qjek;k ds ;s bLyke dk nk;jk gSa vkius mu nksuksa nk;jksa dh
“kDy bl rjg cukbZ FkhA bl “kDy esa vkius bLyke dks ckgj ds
cM+s nk;js ls rkchj Qjek;k gS vkSj bZeku dks vanj ds NksVs nk;js ls
felky nh gSA D;ksafd bZeku dk rvYyqd+ fny dh ekfjQr ls gS vkSj fny
bUlku ds vUn:uh fgLls ;kfu lhus esa gksrk gS bl r”kjhg vkSj relhy
ls ;s ckr lkfcr o jks”ku gks xbZ fd bZeku bLyke esa rks t+:j “kkfey
gS ysfdu bLyke bZeku esa “kkfey ugh gS ;s rks eqefdu gS fd ,d
eqlyeku eqvfeu u gks ysfdu gj eqvfeu igys eqfLye gksrk gSA pqukaps
bLyke o bZeku dh bl r”kjhg ls gekjs bl [;ky dh rkbZn gksrh gS tks
28
geus xqft+”krk ckc esa bZeku dh gd+hd+r c;ku djrs gq, ;g fy[kk gS fd
bZeku dkfey dh cqfu;kn vD+n fu¸;r ij gSA bLyke o bZeku gh ds
eqrkfYyd+ vyh bCus vch rkfycv-l- ls ;s fjok;r eudwy gS fd ,d
erZck bLyke o bZeku dh gd+hd+r ds eqrkfYyd+ vki ls ;s iwNk x;k rks
vkius Qjek;k fd bLyke flQZ t+cku ls bd+jkj dj ysuk gS vkSj bZeku
bd+jkj ds lkFk&lkFk fny ls ekfjQr ¼le>½ djuk Hkh ykt+eh gSA il
[kqnk vxj fdlh cUns dks viuh o vius iSx+Ecj o beke dh ekfjQr dh
rkSQhd+ vrk djs vkSj oks t+cku ls bd+jkj Hkh djs rks oks eqvfeu gS
veh:y eqvfeuhuvl- dh f[kner esa fQj vt+Z fd;k x;k fd bldk
eryc rks ;s gqvk fd ekfjQr [kqnk dh rkSQhd+ vkSj nhu gS vkSj bd+jkj
cUns dk t+krh Qvy gS\ veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us Qjek;k fd fdlh Hkh
cUns dks ekfjQr fd rkSQhd+ vrk djuk ;s [kqnk dh rjQ ls reke
gqTtr vkSj mldk yqrQ o dje gS vkSj fdlh cUns dks viuh t+cku ls
bd+jkj dj ysuk ;s Hkh [kqnk gh dk ,glku o dje gS oks ftl cUns ij
pkgrk gS ml fd+Le dk vglku djrk gS xt+Z ds ekfjQr oks ,glkus
vt+he gS tks [kqnk cUns ds fny esa iSnk dj nsrk gSA vkSj [kqnk gh ds
Qt+y o dje ls t+cku dk bd+jkj djuk fny dk vey gSA ;kfu fny
esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk us tks ekfjQr iSnk dj nh gS oks veyu t+cku ls
bd+jkj dh “kDy bf[r;kj dj ysrh gSA il ftl “k[l dks [kqnk us
lkfgcs ekfjQr ugha cuk;k gSA ml ij dksbZ gqTtr o nyhy d+k;e ugha
dh tk ldrhA ysfdu ml ij flQZ bruk okftc gS fd oks viuh
ekywekr dh gn esa jg dj vey djs vkSj ftu ckrksa dk mls dksbZ bYe
u gks mu ij vey u djs D;ksafd [kqnkoUns rvkyk vne ekywekr
¼tkudkjh ugh gksus½ dh fcuk ij mldks lt+k u nsxk cfYd ,gdkes
bykgh dh ikcUnh vkSj vkekys lkysgk o brkvr ds flys esa lokc dk
eqLrgd+ gksxk xt+Z bu mewj esa ls gj vez cx+Sj fdlh tcz o bdjkg ds
dt+k o dnz vkSj bYe bykgh ds eqrkfcd+ okfdv gksrk gS vxj yksx
etcwj egt+ gks rks ml lwjr esa oks ekvt+wj le>s tk;saxsA vycRrk
rkjhQ o lrkb”k ds d+kfcy u gksaxs ysfdu fdlh “k[l dks vxj fdlh
ckr dk bYe u gks rks ml ij okftc gS fd oks vius reke eqf”dy
elkby dks gekjs lkeus is”k djsa tSlk fd bl vk;rs djhek esa [kqnkoUns
rvkyk dk gqDe gS fd %
29
Qlvyw vgyt+ ft+dfj bu dqurqe yk rvyewu 0 17&21@7 ¼rtqZek½
% lks vxj rqedks ekywe u gks rks vgys fdrkc ¼dqjvku ds tkuus okys½
ls nj;k¶+r dj yksA
;s fjok;r Hkh veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck
vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd ,s veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l-! vnuk esa
vnuk oks dkSu lh “kS; gS ftl ij vey djus ls ,d cUnk eqvfeu gks
ldrk gSA vkSj vnuk esa vnuk oks dkSu lh “kS; gS ftl ij vey djus
ls ,d cUnk dkfQj gksrk gSA vkSj vnuk esa vnuk oks D;k pht+ gS ftlls
,d cUnk xqejkg gks tkrk gSA pqukaps tukc vehjv-l- us bu ,ge elkby
ij jks”kuh Mkyrs gq, Qjek;k fd vnuk esa vnuk oks pht+ fd ftlls ,d
cUnk eqvfeu gks ldrk gSA oks ;g gS fd vxj vYykg ty ”kkugw fdlh
cUns dks viuh ekfjQr dh rkSQhd+ vrk djs rks oks brkvr ds lkFk [kqnk
dk bd+jkj djs vkSj vxj vYykg rvkyk vius iSx+Ecjlvo- fd ekfjQr
dh rkSQhd+ ns rks Qjekacjnkjh ds lkFk mudk bd+jkj djs vkSj vxj
mldks vYykg rvkyk t+ehu ij viuh gqTtr vkSj [kykbd+ ij vius
“kkfgn dh ekfjQr dh rkSQhd c[”ks rks ml gqTtrqYykg dh beker dk
eqvrfd+n gks tk;s vkSj brkvr ds lkFk bd+jkj djs rks ,slk “k[l eqvfeu
gksxkA vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd vxj oks mlds vykok vkSj
ckrksa ls cs [kcj gks rks\ veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us Qjek;k fd gk¡! vxj
mldks nwljh ckrksa dk bYe u gks rks tc mldks fdlh dke dk gqDe
fn;k tk;s rks mldh rvehy djs vkSj tc fdlh dke ls jksdk tk;s rks
mldks u djs vc jgh vnuk esa vnuk oks pht+ fd ftlls ,d cUnk
eq”kfjd gks tkrk gS oks ;s gS fd cUnk fdlh ,slh pht+ dks viuk nhuh
“kqvkj cuk ys ftl ij vey djus ls [kqnk us jksdk gks vkSj ml ij ;s
xqeku Hkh dj ys fd [kqnk gh us bldk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj oks ftldh
ijfLr”k dj jgk gS mldk gqDe Hkh [kqnk gh us fn;k gSA gkykafd oks pht+
xSjvYykg gS vkSj fdlh Hkh xSjvYykg dh bcknr ls f”kdZ ykft+e vkrk
gSA fygkt+k ,slk “k[l ;kfu xSjvYykg dh ijfLr”k djus okyk eq”kfjd
“kqekj gksxkA jgk vnuk esa vnuk oks vey ftlls ,d cUnk xqejkg gks
ldrk gS oks ;s gS fd [kqnk vxj vius fdlh cUns dks t+ehu ij viuh
30
gqTtr vkSj [kykbd+ ij vius “kkfgn dh ekfjQr dh rkSQhd+ u c[”kh
gks fd oks mldh iSjoh djs rks ,slk “k[l tks gqTtrqYykg ;kfu
bekeqT+t+ekuvl- dh ekfjQr ls esg:e gS oks ;dhuu xqejkg gSA
oyk;rs veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycoyk;rs veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycoyk;rs veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycoyk;rs veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycoyk;rs veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycv-l-
oyk;rs oyh ds eqrkfYyd+ dqjku ethn esa ijojfnxkjs vkye dk
;s b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuek oyh ;qdqeqYykgks o jlwygw oy yt+hu% vkeuw vy yt+hu% ;qd+hewuLlykr%
o ;wrwut+ t+dkr% o gqe jkfdÅu 6&5@55 ¼rtqZek½ % rqEgkjk oyh vYykg
vkSj mlds jlwy vkSj oks vgys bZeku gS tks uekt+ i<+rs gS vkSj :dw dh gkyr
esa t+dkr nsrs gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck fdlh “k[l us
vkidh f[kner esa vtZ+ fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwyl-v-o- ge ls glu cljh us
;s gnhl c;ku dh gSa fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd eq> ij vYykg rvkyk
us ,d ,slk iSx+ke ukft+y Qjek;k fd ftl ls esjk fny cSB x;k vkSj ml
oDr eq>s ;s [kkSQ iSnk gqvk fd dgh yksx esjh ucqOor ds eqfUdj u gks tk;sa
il ml oDr [kqnkoUns rvkyk us eq>s ;s /kedh nh fd vxj eSaus bl fjlkyr
dks u igq¡pk;k rks oks eq>s eqcryk , vt+kc djsxkA lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us
ml “k[l ls iwNk fd vk;k glu cljh us rqe dks bl fjlkyr ds eqrkfYyd+
Hkh dqN crk;k Fkk\ ml “k[l us tokc fn;k fd ugha! beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-
l- us ml “k[l ls eq[kkfrc gks dj Qjek;k fd d+le c[kqnk glu cljh dks
ekywe Fkk fd oks fjlkyr D;k gSa ftlls vkidk fny cSB x;k Fkk vkSj vkidks
viuh rdt+hcs ucqOor dk [kkSQ ykgd+ gks x;k Fkk exj mUgksaus d+lnu rqe
ls ml fjlkyr ds eqrkfYyd+ dqN ugha dgk Fkk cfYd mldks rqe ls fNik;k
FkkA ml “k[l us lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa vtZ fd;k fd ,s
Qjt+Uns jlwyv-l- esjh tku vki ij dqjcku vki gh c;ku Qjek;sa fd oks
fjlkyr D;k Fkh\ beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd tc [kqnkoUns
rvkyk us viuh fdrkc dqjvkus gdhe esa eqvfeuhu dks uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe
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fn;k rks eqvfeuhu ;s u le> lds fd uekt+ D;k gS vkSj mldks i<+us dk
rjhd+k D;k gS rks ml oDr [kqnkoUns rvkyk us vius iSx+Ecj eksgEenu
jlwyYykgl-v-o- dks ;s gqDe fn;k fd vki eqvfeuhu dks uekt+ i<+us dk rjhd+k
cryk nas pqukaps vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ftl uekt+ dks dqjku gdhe esa eqvfeuhu ij
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us eqtey rkSj ij Qt+Z fd;k gSA vkius viuh lqUur esa
veyh rkSj ij djds crk fn;k fd ftl uekt+ dks [kqnkoUns rvkyk us
eqvfeuhu ij Qt+Z fd;k gS ml uekt+ ds i<+us dk rjhd+k ;s gS vkSj mlh rjg
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us eqvfeuhu dks tc t+dkr nsus dk gqDe fn;k rks oks ;s u
le> lds fd t+dkr fdl rjg vnk djas rks vkagt+jrl-v-o- us iwjh rQlhy
ds lkFk lksuk] pkanh] Å¡V] xk;] cdjh] vukt] oxSjg dh rknkn o fed+nkj
ij tks t+dkr okftc gksrh gS mlls mEer dks ck&[kcj dj fn;kA blh rjg
ijojfnxkjs vkye us tc eqvfeuhu ij jkst+k Qt+Z fd;k rks oks le> u lds
fd jkst+k D;k gS vkSj fdl rjg ls jkst+k j[kk tkrk gSA pquakps jlwys vdjel-
v-o- us jkst+s dh gkyr esa fdu&fdu pht+ksa ls nwj jguk pkfg;s vkSj jkst+k j[kus
dh D;k lwjr o dSfQ;r gS blls mEer dks vPNh rjg okfd+Q dj fn;k blh
rjg vYykg rvkyk us gt csrqYykfgy gjke dk gqDe fn;kA mEers eqfLyek
gt dh dSfQ;r u le> ldhA ml oDr ijojfnxkjs vkye us jlwys
vdjel-v-o- dks ;s gqDe fn;k fd vki mEer dks gt dh iwjh dSfQ;r ls
okfd+Q dj nasA pqukaps vkius viuh lqUur esa veyh rkSj ls gt dh ot+kgr
Qjek nh vkSj blh rjg ijojfnxkjs vkye us bl vk;rs djhek esa mEer dks
vksfy;k vYykg dh oyk;r dk gqDe fn;k fd %
bUuek oyh¸;qdqeqYykgks o jlwyqgw oy yt+hu% vkeuw vy yt+hu%
;qdhewuLlykr% o ;wrwut+ t+dkr% o gqe jkfdÅu 6&5@55 ¼rtqZek½ %
rqEgkjk oyh vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy vkSj oks vgys bZeku gS tks uekt+
i<+rs gS vkSj :dw dh gkyr esa t+dkr nsrs gSA pquakps tc mEer ij myqy
vez dh oyk;r QtZ+ dh xbZ rks yksx le> u lds fd oyk;r D;k gSA
ml oDr ijojfnxkjs vkye us vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks ;s gqDe fn;k fd vki
mEer dks oyk;r dk eQgwe Hkh mlh rjg le>k ns ftl rjg ls fd
vkius uekt+] t+dkr] jkst+k] gt dh lwjr o dSfQ;r ls okfd+Q fd;k gS
il eQgwe oyk;r le>us dk ;s gqDe [kqnkoUns rvkyk us tc vkagt+jrlvo-
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ij ukft+y fd;k rks ml oDr vkidk fny cSB x;kA vkSj vkids fny
esa ;s [k+kSQ iSnk gqvk fd dgha [kqnk uk [okLrk yksx vkids nhu ls eqjrn
u gks tk;sa vkSj vkidh ucqOor dh rdt+hc u dj cSBsa bl vUns”ks dh
otg ls vki vezs oyk;r ds eqrkfYyd+ nksckjk jCcqy bT+t+r ls eq[kkfrc
gq, rks [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ;s ogh ukft+y dh fd %
;k v¸;ksgj jlwyks cyfyx ek mufty% bySd% feUj jfCcd% o bu ye
rQvy Qek cYyxr% fjlkyrgw oYykgks ;vfleqd% feuu ukl 6&5@67
¼rtqZek½ % , jlwy tks dqN ¼vez oyk;r ds ckjs esa½ vkids jc dh tkfuc
ls vki ij ukft+y fd;k x;k gS A vki mldks igq¡pk nhft;s vkSj vxj
vki ,slk u djsaxs rks vkius vYykg rvkyk dk ,d iSxke Hkh ugha
igqapk;k vkSj vYykg rvkyk vkidks yksxksa ls esgQwt+ j[ksxkA pqukaps
vkagt+jrlvo us vez bykgh dks t+kfgj dj fn;k vkSj eqd+kes x+nhjs [kq+e esa
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycv-l- dh oyk;r o beker dk
,syku dj fn;kA vkius igys rks bl iSx+ke dks igq¡pkus ds fy;s lykrqy
tkfevk dh funk djokbZ vkSj vkius ;s gqDe tkjh Qjek;k fd tks gkft+j
gS oks bl iSx+ke dks x+k;c rd igq¡pk nsaA nj gd+hd+r bLyke ds tqeyk
Qjkbt+ elyu uekt+] t+dkr] jkst+k] gt ,d ds ckn ,d ukft+y gksrs
jgs gS ysfdu vkf[kjh Qjht+k oyk;r tc ukft+y gqvk rks ml oDr ;g
vk;rs djhek ukft+y gqbZ fd %
vy ;kSe% vdeYrks ydqe nhudqe o vreerks vySdqe usverh ojt+hrks
ydqeqy bLyke% nhuk 6&5@3 ¼rtqZek½ % vkt ds fnu rqEgkjs fy;s rqEgkjs
nhu dks eSaus dkfey dj fn;k vkSj eSus rqe ij viuk buvke reke dj
fn;k vkSj eSaus bLyke dks rqEgkjk nhu cuus ds fy;s ilan fd;kA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd bl vk;r ds t+fj;s ftlesa
rdehys nhu vkSj vrekes usver dh [kcj nh xbZ gS ijojfnxkjs vkye
mEer dks bl ckr ls vkxkg dj nsuk pkgrk gS fd vc esa Qjht+k,
33
oyk;r ds ckn tks vkf[kjh Qjht+k gS rqe ij dksbZ vkSj Qjht+k mrkjus
okyk ugha gq¡ D;ksafd eSa rqe ij reke Qjkbt+ ukft+y dj pqdk gw¡A jlwys
vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r eudwy gS fd vki Qjekrs gS fd tks yksx eq> ij
vkSj [kqnk ij bZeku ys vk;s gSa vkSj esjh ucqOor dh rLnhd+ dj pqds gSa
eSa mudks veh:y eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyh bCus vch rkfycv-l- dh oyk;r
dh olh;r djrk gw¡ D;ksafd vyhv-l- ls eksgCcr djuk eq>ls eksgCcr
djus ds cjkcj gS vkSj ;s oyk;r ,d ,slk vez gSa ftldks igq¡pkus dk
[kqnk us eq>dks gqDe fn;k gS vkSj [kqnk us eq> ls ;s ,gn fy;k gS fd eSa
bl vesz oyk;r dks [kqnk dh rjQ ls rqe yksxksa rd igq¡pk nwaA
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycv-l- ls ;s fjok;r eudwy
gS vki Qjekrs gS fd tc vk;rs djhek %
o vuft+j v”khjrdy vd+jchu 0 19&26@214 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj vki
vius ut+nhd ds dqUcs okys dks Mjkb;sA ukft+y gqbZ rks vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
,d I;kyk nw/k vkSj cdjh dh ,d jku nLrj [oku ij j[k dj [kkunku
cuh vCnqy eqRrfyc dks tek fd;k tks pkyhl enksZa ij eq”rfey Fkk exj
nl ukStoku rks ,sls Fks fd muesa ls gj ,d eseuk vdsyk gh [kk ldrk
Fkk vkSj ,d e”d nw/k ih ldrk FkkA fQj Hkh mu yksxksa us [kwc isV Hkj
dj [kk;k fi;k ml jkst+ vcw ygc Hkh muds lkFk FkkA tc [kkus ihus ls
Qkfjx+ gks pqds rks jlwys vdjel-v-o- us mu lc ls eq[kkfrc gks dj
Qjek;k fd ,s cuh vCnqy eqRrfyc! esjh brkvr djks rks rqe lc t+ehu
ds ckn”kkg vkSj gqdejka cu tkvksxs vkSj eSa rqels iwjs ;dhu ds lkFk
dgrk gw¡ fd vc rd ijojfnxkjs vkye us nqfu;k esa ftrus iSx+Ecj Hksts
gS muesa ls gj ,d ds fy;s ,d olh vkSj ot+hj HkkbZ vkSj okfjl vkSj oyh
eqdjjZ Qjek;k Fkk rks vkt rqees dkSu ,slk toku enZ gS tks esjk olh esjk
okfjl esjk oyh esjk HkkbZ vkSj esjk ot+hj cusxk\ bruk lquuk Fkk fd lc
ij [kkes”kh Nk xbZA exj vkagt+jrl-v-o- us vrekes gqTtr ds rkSj ij mu
esa ls ,d ,d ds lkeus Qjnu Qjnu ;s nkor is”k dh ysfdu fdlh us
vkidh ml nkor dks d+cwy ugha fd;k gkykafd eSa ckdh jg x;k Fkk ml
oDr eSa lcls deflu Fkk exj tc jlwYykgl-v-o- us esjs lkeus viuh ;s
nkor is”k dh rks eSaus eqvÌckuk ¼iwjh vnc ds lkFk½ vtZ+ dh fd , iSx+Ecj
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[kqnkl-v-o- eSa vkidk olh othj] HkkbZ] okfjl vkSj oyh cuwaxk vkius
Qjek;k fd gk¡! ,s vyh rqEgh esjs olh] esjs ot+hj] esjs HkkbZ vkSj esjs oyh
gksA tc cuh vCnqy eqRrfyc etfyl ls ckgj fudys rks vcw ygc us
muls dgk fd rqe us vkt tks dqN ns[kk gS] D;k mlls rqe dks vius
lkgc eksgEenl-v-o- dh tknwxjh dk lqcwr ugha feyrk fd ml us rqEgkjs
lkeus nLrj[oku ij cdjh dh jku j[kh vkSj nw/k dk ,d I;kyk ftl
ls rqe yksx [kwc lsjf”kde ¼Hkj&isV½ gks x;sA fQj D;k Fkk oks lc ds lc
vcw ygc dh ml ckr dks lqu dj BV~Vk djus yxs vkSj gt+jr vcw
rkfyc ls dgus yxs fd rqEgkjk csVk rqe ij eqd+Ìe gks x;kA vDlj
voke vius bLykQ] eqQLljhu] ls vk;rs djhek %
bUuek oyh¸;qdqeqYykgks o jlwyqgw oy yt+hu% vkeuw vy yt+hu%
;qdhewuLlykr% o ;wrwut+ t+dkr% o gqe jkfdÅu 6&5@55 dh ;g
rkohy uDy djrs gS] fd ;g vk;r veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch
rkfycv-l- ds ckjs esa ukft+y gqbZ gSA :dw dh gkyr esa t+dkr nsus dk
okfd+vk tSlk fd bl vk;rs djhek esa c;ku fd;k x;k gS oks bl rjg
ls is”k vk;k gS fd ,d erZck veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- uekt+ esa :dw dh
gkyr esa Fks fd ,d lkby vki ds ikl [kM+k gks x;k] ml oDr vkius
:dw fd gkyr esa viuh vaxwBh lkby dh rjQ QSad nh Fkh pqukaps vk;rs
djhek %
bUuek oyh¸;qdqeqYykgks o jlwyqgw oy yt+hu% vkeuw vy yt+hu%
;qdhewuLlykr% o ;wrwut+ t+dkr% o gqe jkfdÅu 6&5@55 veh:y
eqvfeuhuv-l- vki dh tqjhZ ;rs rkfgjk ls tks vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- gq, gS
muds ckjs esa ukft+y gqbZ gS mlds vykok x+nhjs [k+qe esa ljojs dk;ukr
Q[kjs ekstqnkrl-v-o- dh tq+ckus eqckjd ls veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dh oyk;r
dk [kqye [kqYyk ,yku ,d e”kgwj o ek:Q okfd+vk gS ftlds nksLr o
nq”eu nksuksa eksvrfjQ gSa ;g okfd+vk rkjh[k esa bl rjg eudwy gS fd
vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc gTtrqy fonk ls Qkfjax+ gks dj ekst+sv x+nhj [k+qe esa
nkf[k+y gq,A rks igys vki us ogka dh t+ehu lkQ djus dk gqDe fn;k
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ml ds ckn vki us lykrqy tkfevk dh funk djokbZ tc reke vlgkc
tek gks x;s rks vkagt+jrl-v-o- us veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dk gkFk idM+ dj
vki dks vius igyw esa [kM+k dj fn;k vkSj vlgkc ls eq[kkfrc gks dj
Qjek;k ds ,s yksxks [kwc tku yks fd vyhv-l- dk erZck esjs ut+nhd ogh
gS tks gk:uv-l- dk erZck ewlkv-l- ds ut+nhd Fkk exj esjs ckn dksbZ uch
vkus okyk ugh gSA vyhv-l- esjs ckn oyh gS vkSj ftldk eSa ekSyk o vkd+k
gw¡A mlds vyhv-l- ekSyk o vkd+k gSA fQj vkius vius nksuksa gkFkksa dks [kwc
cqyUn djds Qjek;k fd ,s ijojfnxkj! rw ml “k[l ls eqgCcr dj tks
vyhv-l- ls eqgCcr djrk gS vkSj mlls vnkor dj tks vyhv-l- ls vnkor
j[krk gSA vkSj mldh enn dj tks vyhv-l- dh enn djrk gS vkSj
mldh enn u dj tks vyh dh enn u djs vkSj vyh tgka dgh Hkh gks
ogk gd+ Hkh muds gejkg gks vc bl cSvrs oyk;r ds flok vkSj dkSu lh
cSvr T+;knk eqvkfDdn ¼lgh o lkfcr½ gks ldrh gS \
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCus vch rkfycv-l- ls fjok;r eudwy
gS fd ,d jkst+ dqN yksxksa us vkils nj;k¶+r fd;k fd ,s veh:y
eqvfeuhuvl! vki gels vius vQt+y rjhu Qt+kby o dekykr c;ku
Qjek;saA vkius muds bl loky ds tokc esa Qjek;k fd esjs Qt+kby o
eukfdc esa vQt+y rjhu Qt+y o deky og gS ftlds fy;s eSaus viuh
rjQ ls dksbZ vey ugh fd;k gSA mu yksxks us dgk fd , veh:y
eqvfeuhuvl! vkidh dkSu lh vQt+y rjhu Qt+hyr o eudcr gS\
tukc vehjv-l- us Qjek;k fd tc jlwys vdjel-v-o- eDdk eqvT+t+ek ls
fgtjr djds enhuk equOojk r”kjhQ yk;s rks vkius vius vlgkc dks
efLtnqUucoh dh rkehj dk gqDe fn;k pqukaps lgkck fdjke us efLtn dh
rkehj ds lkFk&lkFk ,d ,d njokt+k Hkh [kksy fy;kA ftczbZy vehuv-
l- vkil-v-o- ds ikl vk;s vkSj [kqnk dk ;s gqDe vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks lquk;k
fd ,s iSx+Ecjl-v-o- vki vius vlgkc dks gqDe nsa fd oks vius&vius
njokt+ksa dks cUn dj ys ysfdu vyh dk njokt+k [kqyk jgus nsaA il
vkagt+jrl-v-o- gt+jr us evkt+ fcu tcy dks mu reke vlgkc ds ikl
Hkstk ftUgksaus efLtn ucoh esa viuk viuk njokt+k [kksy j[kk Fkk oks
lcls igys gt+jr vcw cØ ds ikl vk;s vkSj mudks [kqnk vkSj jlwyl-v-
o- dk ;s gqDe lquk;k fd vki viuk njokt+k cUn dj ys pqukaps mUgksaus
ml Qjeku dks lj o vk[kksa ij j[kdj d+cwy djds viuk njokt+k cUn
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dj fy;kA mlds ckn oks gt+jr mej fcu [kRrkc ds ikl vk;s vkSj
muls dgk fd oks Hkh viuk njoktk cUn dj ys exj oks jlwys vdjel-
v-o- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gq, vkSj vtZ+ fd;k ,s iSx+Ecjs [kqnkl-v-o- cjk;s
dje vki esjs fy;s bruh txg rks [kqyh jgus nhft;s fd tgka ls viuh
nksuks vka[kksa ls tekys [kreqy erZcrl-v-o- dks ns[k ldw vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
gt+jr mej fcu [kRrkc dh bYrekl dks eUtwj ugh Qjek;kA il
gt+jr mej us etcwju viuk njokt+k cUn dj fy;k mlds ckn
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us gt+jr evkt+ dks rygk] t+qcsj] mLeku] vCnqy jgeku]
lvn] get+kg vkSj vCckl ds ikl Hkstk fd muls tkdj dgks fd oks
viuk viuk njokt+k cUn dj yas pqukaps mUgksaus vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds bl
Qjeku dks lqu dj viuk viuk njokt+k rks cUn dj fy;k exj gt+jr
get+kgv-l- vkSj vCckl cksys fd iSx+Ecjs [kqnkl-v-o- us gekjs njokt+ksa dks rks
cUn dj fy;k ysfdu vyhv-l- ds njokts+ dks [kqyk jgus fn;k gSA tc
bldh bfRrykv vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks gqbZ rks vkius Qjek;k fd njokt+s cUn
djus dk tks Qjeku eSaus tkjh fd;k Fkk mlds ckjs esa rqe yksxksa us tks
dqN dgk gS eq>s mldh bfRrykv fey pqdh gSA d+le c[kqnk eSaus ;s gqDe
viuh rjQ ls tkjh ugha fd;k FkkA cfYd eSaus [kq+nk oUns rvkyk ds
Qjeku ds eqrkfcd+ ,slk fd;k gS vkSj ;s dksbZ ubZ ckr ugha gS blls igys
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us gt+jr ewlkv-l- dks Hkh c&t+jh;k ogh ;s gqDe fn;k Fkk
fd ,s ewlkv-l- rqe ,d ikd ?kj cuk yks ftlesa rqe vkSj gk:u vkSj muds
nksuksa Qjt+Unks ds flok dksbZ vkSj “k[l tukcrnkj u gks ;kfu muds
vykok dksbZ vkSj ftekv ¼laHkksx½ dh gkyr esa nkf[ky u gks mlh rjg
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us eq>dks Hkh c t+fj;k ogh ;s gqDe fn;k gS fd eSa bl
ikdht+k ?kj dks e[klwl dj yw ftlesa esjs vkSj vyhv-l- o gluv-l- o
gqlSuv-l- ds flok dksbZ vkSj ftekv ¼laHkksx½ dh gkyr esa nkf[ky u gks
d+le c[kqnk eSus viuh jk; ls dqN rqEgkjs njokt+ksa dks cUn djus dk
gqDe lkfnj ugha fd;k gS vkSj u vyhv-l- ds njokt+s dks [kqyk j[kk gSA
cfYd ijojfnxkjs vkye us eq>s c&t+fj;k , ogh ,slk djus dk gqDe
fn;k gSA
vlgkcs veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us vtZ+ dh fd , ekSyk o vkd+k
vius vkSj Qt+kby c;ku dhft;sA vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck jlwys
vdjev-l- dh f[kner esa d+kSe ulkjk ds nks vkfye vk;s Fks mUgksaus gt+jr
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bZlkv-l- ds ckjs esa dqN xq¶rxw dh rks ml oDr ijojfnxkjs vkye us ;s
vk;rs djhek ukft+y QjekbZ fd %
bUu% ely% bZlk bUnYykfg delfy vkne% [kydgw feu rqjkfcu lqEe%
dky% ygw dqu Q;dwu 3&3@59 ¼rtqZek½ % cs”kd bZlkv-l- dh gkyr
vYykg rvkyk ds ut+nhd vknevl tSlh gkyr vthck gS fd mudks
feV~Vh ls cuk;k& tc vk;rs et+dwjk ckyk ukft+y gqbZ rks vkagt+jr-l-vo-
?kj esa nkf[ky gq, vkSj vkius esjkv-l- vkSj gluv-l- o gqlSuv-l- vkSj Qkfrek
t+sgjkv-l- dk gkFk idM+k vkSj eqckfgyk ds fy;s ckgj fudys vkSj vius
nksuksa gkFkksa dks Åij mBk;k maxfy;ksa dks QSyk fn;kA fQj vkius mu
nksuks uljkuh vkfyeks dks eqckfgys dh nkor nh tc nksuks vkfyeks dh
ut+j fjlkyr evkcl-v-o- ds psgjs vuoj ij iM+h rks mues ls ,d vkfye
us vius lkFkh nwljs vkfye ls dgk fd d+le c[kqnk vxj ;s vYykg dk
lPpk jlwy gksxk rks ge t+:j gykd gks tk;saxsA vkSj vxj ;s uch u Hkh
gksxk rks bldh d+kSe gekjh gykdr ds fy;s dkQh gksxhA pqukaps nksuksa
uljkuh vkfye eqckfgys ls ckt+ vk x;s vkSj vius oru dh rjQ okil
pys x;sA
yksxksa us fQj vtZ+ fd;k fd , veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ge ls vkSj
vius Qt+kby c;ku dhft;s vki us Qjek;k fd tc lwjv% cjkvr
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ij ukft+y gqbZ rks vkil-v-o- us gt+jr vcw cØ dks lwjv%
cjkvr ns dj eDdk dh rjQ jokuk Qjek;k rkfd oks gt ds ekSds ij
yksxksa dks Ik<+ dj lquk nsa fd vpkud ftczbZy vehuv-l- ukft+y gq, vkSj
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls dgk fd vkidh tkfuc ls vyhv-l- ds flok dksbZ vkSj
lwjv% cjkvr i<+dj u lquk;s ml oDr jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us eq>s cqyk;k
vkSj ;s gqDe Qjek;k fd vkidh Å¡Vuh vt+ckv ij lokj gks dj jkLrs
gh esa gt+jr vcw cØ ls tk feyks vkSj muls lwjv% cjkvr ysdj eSa [kqn
eDdk esa tkdj [kqn mls i<+ dj lquk naw pqukaps tc eSa b”kkZns ucoh dh
rvehy esa gt+jr vcw cØ ds ikl igq¡pk vkSj fjlkyr evkc dk Qjeku
lquk;k rks mUgksaus dgk fd ;s D;k vkd+k , ukenkj us ukjkt+xh ls ,slk
Qjeku lkfnj fd;k gS eSaus dgk fd ;s ckr rks ugha gS exj ftczbZy
vehuv-l- njckjs fjlkyrlvo- esa gkft+j gq, Fks vkSj mUgksaus [kqnkoUns rvkyk
38
dk ;s gqDe lquk;k gS fd eqgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh rjQ ls lwjv%
cjkvr ogh “k[l igqapk,a tks muesa ls gksA pqukaps ge ;kSeqy ugj ¼dqckZuh
ds fnu½ t+ksgj ds ckn eDdk eqvT+t+ek igq¡ps ml fnu gTts vdcj Fkk
vkSj yksx tek gks pqds Fks ml oDr esa mBk vkSj eSaus yksxksa ls eq[kkfrc gks
dj dgkA
, yksxksa! rqEgsa ekywe gks fd eSa rqEgkjs ikl jlwyYykgl-v-o- dk
dkfln cu dj vk;k gw¡ fQj eSaus muds lkeus lwjv% cjkvr bl rjg ls
frykor dh %
cjkvrqu feuYykfg o jlwfygh byy yt+hu% vkgnrqe feuy eq”kfjdhu
0 Qlhgw fQy vjfn vjcvr% v”gqfju 10&9@1&2 rtZqek % vYykg dh
rjQ ls vkSj mlds jlwy dh rjQ ls mu eq”kfjdhu ls nLr cjnkjh gS
ftu ls rqeus ,gn dj j[kk Fkk lks rqe yksx bl lj t+ehu esa pkj eghus
py fQj yksA oks bl rjg fd ft+yfgTtk ds chl fnu vkSj eqgjZe] lQj]
jfCcmy vOoy vkSj jfCcmy vkf[kj ds nl fnu mlds vykok eSaus muls
;s Hkh dgk fd vkt ls dksbZ enZ ;k vkSjr mfj;ka ¼uaxh½ gkyr esa [kkuk
dkvck dk rokQ u djs vkSj u dksbZ eq”kfjd o eq”kfjdk rokQ ns vkSj
;s Hkh lqu yks fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds lkFk vxj fdlh “k[l dk dksbZ ,gn
o iSeku gqvk gS rks vc mldh eqn~nr flQZ pkj eghuk gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us vius Qt+kby dk ft+Ø djrs gq,
Qjek;k fd [kqnk dh eqd+n~nl fdrkc dqjkus gdhe esa bT+u ;kfu dku ls
eq>dks ekslwe fd;k x;k gSA ml jkt+ dks esjs flok vkSj dksbZ ugha tkurk
gSA yksxksa us vt+Z dh fd ,s veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- vius vkSj Qt+kby
c;ku Qjekb;sA ml oDr vkius Qjek;k fd vPNk yks lquks! ,d erZck
eSa vkSj vCckl vkSj mLeku fcu “ksck efLtnqy gjke esa cSBs gq, Fks fd oks
nksuks eq> ij viuk Qt+y o deky trkus yxsA mLeku fcu “ksck us dgk
fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us eq>s ^lnkur* ;kfu [kkuk&,&dvck dh dqfUt;ka
¼pkfc;k¡½ nh gS vkSj vCckl fcu vCnqy eqrfYyc us xoZ ls dgk fd
jlwyqYykgl-v-o- us gqTtkt dks ikuh fiykus dh f[kner ls eq>s uokt+k gS
39
;kfu vkcs t+et+e ij esjk dCt+k gS mlds ckn nksuks us veh:y eqvfeuhuvl-
ls eq[kkfrc gks dj dgk fd ,s vyhv-l- vkagt+jrl-v-o- us rks vkidks dqN
ugha fn;k gSA ml oDr vYykg rvkyk us ;s vk;rs djhek ukft+y
QjekbZ fd %
vtvyrqe fld+k;ry gkfTt o bekjry efLtfny gjkfe deu vkeu%
fcYykfg oy ;kSfey vkf[kfj o tkgn% Qh lchfyYykfg yk ;Lrowu%
bUnYykfg oYykgks yk ;gfny dkSet+ t+kfyehu 0 vy yt+hu% vkeuw o
gkt: o tkgnw Qh lchfyYykfg fc veokfyfge o vuQqflfge vvt+eks
njtru bUnYykfg o mykbd% gqeqy Qkbt+wu 0 ;qcf””k:gqe jCcqgqe fc
jgefre feugks o fjt+okfuo o tUukfry ygqe Qhgk ubZeqe eqdhe 0
[kkfynhu% Qhgk vcnu bUuYykg% bungw vt:u vt+he 0 10&9@19&22
rtqZek % D;k rqe yksxksa us gkft;ksa ds ikuh fiykus dks vkSj efLtnqy gjke
ds vkckn j[kus dks ml “k[l ds cjkcj djkj ns fy;k tks fd vYykg
ij vkSj d+;ker ds fnu ij bZeku yk;k gks vkSj mlus vYykg dh jkg
esa ftgkn fd;k gks ;s yksx cjkcj ugh vYykg ds ut+nhd vkSj tks yksx
cs bUlkQ gS vYykg rvkyk mudks le> ugha nsrkA tks yksx bZeku yk;s
vkSj mUgksaus rdZ oru fd;k vkSj vYykg dh jkg esa vius eky vkSj tku
ls ftgkn fd;k oks ntkZ esa vYykg rvkyk ds ut+nhd cgqr cM+s gSa vkSj
;gh yksx iwjs dkfe;kc gSaA mudk jc mudks c”kkjr nsrk gS viuh rjQ
ls cM+h jsger vkSj cM+h jt+keUnh vkSj ,sls ckxksa dh fd muds fy;s muesa
40
nkbeh ¼ges”kk½ usversa gksaxhA muesa ;s yksx ges”kk ges”kk dks jgsaxsA fcyk
“kd vYykg rvkyk ds ikl cM+k vtj gSA
yksxksa us fQj vtZ+ fd;k , veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- vius vkSj
Qt+kby c;ku dhth;sA vkius Qjek;k fd lquks tc jlwyYykgl-v-o-
gTtrqy fonk ls Qkfjx+ gksdj enhuk equOojk dh rjQ jokuk gq, rks
jkLrs esa ed+ke xnhjs [kqe esa vkius d+;ke Qjek;k vkSj ogka dh t+ehu
lkQ djokus ds ckn yksxksa dks tek fd;k fQj vkius esjk gkFk idM+ dj
vkleku dh rjQ cqyUn fd;k vkSj gkt+jhu ls eq[kkfrc gks dj Qjek;k
fd D;k eSa rqels T+;knk rqEgkjh tkuksa ij gd+ ugha j[krk\ lcus ,d lkFk
,d t+cku gksdj dgk fd ,s iSx+Ecjs [kqnk-l-v-o- ge ls T+;knk vkidk gd+
gekjh tkuksa ij gS rc vkius Qjek;k fd lquks! ftldk eSa ekSyk o vkd+k
gw¡ mldk vyh ekSyk o vkd+k gS , ijojfnxkj rw mlls eqgCcr j[k tks
vyhv-l- ds lkFk eqgCcr j[krk gS vkSj mlls vnkor dj tks vyhv-l- ls
vnkor djrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki bl vk;rs
djhek ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs gS fd %
vQeu dku% vyk cf¸;ufru feUj&jfCcgh o ;Rywgks “kkfgnqe feugks
12&11@17 rtqZek % D;k eqfUdjs dqjku D;k ,sls “k[l dh cjkcjh dj
ldrk gS tks dqjku ij d+kbe gks tks fd mlds jc dh rjQ ls vk;k gS
vkSj mlds lkFk mlh esa ls ,d xokg Hkh gSA lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l-
Qjekrs gS fd bl vk;r esa tks “k[l ^^cf¸;ur** ij gS mlls eqjkn
eqgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- gS vkSj oks “kkfgn tks vkiesa ls gS vkSj vkids
lkFk&lkFk gS mlls veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bfCu vch rkfycv-l- eqjkn
gSaA vki jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds ckn mEer ds beke o gqTtr gSaA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ;s gnhl eudwy gSA vki Qjekrs gSa fd
vyhvl- eq> ls gS vkSj eSa vyhv-l- ls gw¡ vkSj vyhv-l- esjs ckn gj eqvfeu
enZ o eqvfeuk vkSjr ds oyh gSaA bl flyflys esa ;g Hkh fugk;r e”kgwj
o ev:Q fjok;r gS fd vk;rs djhek %^^vQeu dku% vyk cf¸;ufru
feUj&jfCcgh** ls jlwyYykgl-v-o- eqjkn gS mlds ckn ls ^^o ;Rywgks
“kkfgnqe feugks ** ls dkSu eqjkn gS rks bl flyflys esa jlwys vdjel-vo-
41
dk ;s b”kkZn gS fd ^eSa vyhv-l- ls gw¡ vkSj vyhv-l- eq> ls gSA blls lkfcr
gksrk gS fd veh:y eqvfeuhuvl- vyh bfCu vch rkfycv-l- ogh “kkfgn
gSa tks vkids lkFk&lkFk gSa vkSj vkidh mEer ij vkids ckn “kkfgn o
gqTtr gSa vkSj ,sls beke gSa ftldh brkvr djuk Qt+Z gS vkSj vkids oSls
gh olh gSa tSls gk:uv-l- ewlkv-l- ds olh FksA
jlwyYykgl-v-o- dk vyhv-l- ls Qjekuk fd ,s vyhv-l- esjs ut+nhd
rqEgkjk ogh ejrck gS tks ewlkv-l- ds ut+nhd gk:uv-l- dk FkkA jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- ds bl b”kkZns fxjkeh dk flQZ ;gh ,d Qgok o eryc gks
ldrk gS fd vyh jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds ckn vkidh mEer ds [kyhQk gaSA
tSlk fd ewlkv-l us gk:uv-l ls Qjek;k Fkk fd rqe esjh mEer esa esjs
d+kbe ed+ke vkSj [kyhQk gksA
vxj ge elvyk f[kykQr ds ckjs esa v[kckj o fjok;kr vkSj
gqTtr o nyhy is”k djsa rks ;s ,ge dke bl fdrkc dh gn ls ckgj gSA
vkSj bl fdrkc ds gj ckc esa tks ekst+w gS mls mlds reke elkby ij
iwjh jks”kuh Mkyuk pkgsa rks mlds fy;s ges ,d vyx fdrkc rluhQ
djuh gksxhA vkSj ukt+jhu dks ekywe gS fd ge us bl fdrkc ds “kq: esa
;s “krZ yxk j[kh gS fd ge bl fdrkc esa ,sls eq[krflj vd+oky is”k
djsaxs tks vDyeUnksa ds fy;s dkQh gksaA
oYykgqy eqof¶Qdks fyLlokcAoYykgqy eqof¶Qdks fyLlokcAoYykgqy eqof¶Qdks fyLlokcAoYykgqy eqof¶Qdks fyLlokcAoYykgqy eqof¶Qdks fyLlokcA
oyk;rs vbEek vgyscSroyk;rs vbEek vgyscSroyk;rs vbEek vgyscSroyk;rs vbEek vgyscSroyk;rs vbEek vgyscSrv-l-
dqjkus gdhe esa ijojfnxkjs vkye dk b”kkZn gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw vrhmYykg% o vrhmj jlwy% o mfyy vefj
feudqe 5&4@59 rtqZek % ,s bZeku okyksa rqe vYykg dk dguk ekuks vkSj
jlwyl-v-o- dk dguk ekuks vkSj rqeess tks lkfgckus vez gS mu dk Hkh dguk
ekuks fQj vxj rqe fdlh vez esa ckge b[kfrykQ djus yxks rks ml vez
dks vYykg o jlwyl-v-o- dh rjQ gokyk dj fy;k djksA beke ckfd+jvl
ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck fdlh lkby us tc vkils et+dwjk ckyk
42
vk;r ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk rks vkius Qjek;k fd dqjvkus gdhe esa vYykg
rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
vye rj% byy yt+hu% mrw ulhce feuy fdrkfc ;qvfeuwu fcy
ftcfr oRrkxwfr o ;dwywu% fyy yt+hu% dQ: gk mykb vgnk feuy
yt+hu% vkeuw lchyk 0 5&4@51 rtZqek % D;k rwus mu yksxksa dks ugha
ns[kk ftudks fdrkc dk ,d fgLlk feyk gS oks cqr vkSj “kSrku dks ekurs
gSa vkSj oks yksx dq¶Qkj dh fulcr dgrs gSa fd ;s yksx cfulcr mu
eqlyekuksa ds T+;knk jkg jkLrs ij gSaA vkius Qjek;k fd oks yksx xqejkg
bekeks vkSj tgUuqe dh rjQ nkor djus okyksa ds eqrkfYyd+ ,slk dgrs
gSa fd oks vkys eksgEenv-l- ls T+;knk jkg jkLrs ij gSaA mlds ckn b”kkZns
ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
mykbdy yt+hu% y%vu%gqeYykgks o eU; ;yvfuYykgks Qyu rftn%
ygw ulhjk 0 ve ygqe ulhcqe feuy eqfYd Qbt+y yk ;qvrwuUukl%
udhjk 0 5&4@52&53 rtqZek % ;s oks yksx gS ftudks [kqnk rvkyk us
eyÅu cuk fn;k gS vkSj [kqnk rvkyk ftldks eyÅu cuk ns mldk
dksbZ gkeh u ikvksxsA gka D;k muds ikl dksbZ fgLlk gS lYrur ¼;kfu
beker f[kykQr½ dk ¼vxj mudks dqN fgLlk gkfly gksrk½ rks ,slh
gkyr esa oks vkSj yksxksa dks t+jk&lh pht+ Hkh u nsrsA beke ckfd+jv-l-
Qjekrs gaS fd bl vk;r esa ^^vu&ukl** ;kfu yksxksa ls gekjh eqjkn gS
xqVyh ds cht esa tks uqd+rk ut+j vkrk gS mldks ^ud+hj* dgrs gSaA
ve ;glqnwuUukl% vyk ek vkrkgqeqYykgks feu Qt+fygh 5&4@54
rtqZek % ;k nwljs vknfe;ksa ls mu pht+ksa ij tyrs gSa tks vYykg us mudks
vius Qt+y ls vrk QjekbZ gaSA
43
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ge oks yksx gSa ftudks vYykg
rvkyk us beker ds cqyUn rjhu eulc ls uokt+k gS blfy;s yksx gels
gln djrs gSa vkSj mlds ckn b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
Qd+n vkrSuk vky% bczkghey fdrkc% oy fgder% o vkrSukgqe eqYdu
vt+hek 5&4@54 rtqZek % lks geus gt+jr bczkfgev-l- ds [kkunku dks
fdrkc nh gS vkSj fgder Hkh vkSj geus mudks cM+h Hkkjh lYrur Hkh nh
gSA ;kfu geus vkys&bczkfgev-l- esa ls vfUc;k o eqjlyhu vkSj vbEek
iSnk fd;s gSaA vkSj vkxs 57oh vk;r ds vkf[kj ft+Yyu t+yhyk rd i<+
tk;saA mlds ckn vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuYykg% ;v eq:dqe vu rqvnnqy vekukfr byk vgfygk o bt+k
gderqe cSuUukfl vu rgdqew fcy vnfy bUuYykg% fubEek ;bft+dqe
fcgh bUuYykg% dku% lehve clhjk 5&4@58 rtqZek % cs”kd rqedks
vYykg bl ckr dk gqDe nsrk gS fd vgys&gqd+wd+ dks muds gqd+wd+ igq¡pk
nks vkSj ;s fd tc yksxksa dk rlfQ;k ¼QSlys½ fd;k djks rks vny ls
rlfQ;k fd;k djksA cs”kd vYykg ftl ckr dh rqedks ulhgr djrk
gS oks ckr cgqr gh vPNh gS fcyk “kd vYykg [kwc lqurk gS vkSj [kwc
ns[krk gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- bl vk;r dh r”kjhg djrs gq, Qjekrs gSa fd
bl vk;r esa vekur dks vnk djus dk tks gqDe fn;k x;k gS mlls ge
eqjkn gSa fd gekjk gj beke vius ckn ds vkus okys beke dks fdrkcsa]
gfFk;kj vkSj mywe tks vekur gSa mudks lkSai fn;k djsA vkSj o bt+k
gderqe && dk eryc ;s gS fd tc rqe x+kfyc vk tkvks rks yksxksa ds
chp bl vny o bUlkQ ds eqrkfcd QSlyk djks tks gekjh rjQ ls
rqEgkjs gkFkksa esa fn;k x;k gSA mlds ckn ijojfnxkjs vkye us ¼ ,s bZeku
okyksa½ Qjekdj] d+;ker rd ds eqvfeuhu ls eq[kkfrc djds Qjek fn;k
gS fd %
44
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw vrhmYykg% o vrhmj jlwy% o mfyy vefj
feudqe 5&4@59 rtqZek % ,s bZeku okyks! rqe vYykg vkSj mlds
jlwylvo- dh brkvr djks vkSj rqees ls tks lkfgckus vez gSa mudh brkvr
djksA beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd bl vk;rs djhek esa vYykg o
jlwyl-v-o- dh brkvr ds ckn ftu lkfgckus vez dh brkvr dk gqDe
fn;k x;k gS mlls ge vbEek vgyscSrv-l- eqjkn gSaA
lkby us vt+Z fd;k fd dqjvkus gdhe es nwljs eqd+ke ij
[kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuek oyh¸;qdqeqYykgks o jlwyqgw oYyt+hu% vkeuw vYyt+hu% ;qdhewuLlykr%
o ;wrwut+ t+dkr% o gqe jkfdÅu 6&5@55
rtqZek % rqEgkjs oyh rks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyl-v-o- vkSj oks bZekunkj
yksx gSa tks uekt+ d+k;e djrs gSa vkSj :dwv dh gkyr esa t+dkr nsrs gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ,s lkby tks yksx uekt+ d+k;e
djrs gSa vkSj :dwv dh gkyr esa t+dkr nsrs gSa muls [kqnkoUns rvkyk us
gekjh rjQ b”kkjk fd;k gSA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd ,s lkby!
dqjvkus gdhe esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk rks ;s Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuqr&rdqYykg% o dwuw evl&lkfnd+hu 11&9@119
rtqZek% ,s bZeku okyks! [kqnk ls Mjks vkSj lPps yksxksa ds lkFk gks tkvksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s lkby! bl vk;rs djhek esa ^lkfnd+hu**
ls ge eqjkn gSaA lkby us vt+Z fd;k fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk ;s Hkh b”kkZn
gS fd %
o dqfyveyq Q&l;jYykgks veydqe o jlwyqgw oy eqvfeuwu 11&9@105
rtqZek % ,s jlwyl-v-o- vki dg nhft;s fd vey fd;s tkvks il vud+jhc
vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyl-vo- vkSj eqvfeuhu rqEgkjs vkeky ukeksa dks
ns[ksaxsA beke ckfdjv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s lkby bl vk;r esa vYykg o
45
jlwyl-v-o- ds ckn ftu eqvfeuhu dk rt+fdjk fd;k x;k gS fd oks
d+;ker ds fnu eqvfeuhu dk vkeky ukek ns[ksaxsA mu eqvfeuhu ls ge
eqjkn gSaA lkbZy us fQj vt+Z fd;k fd dqjvkus gdhe esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk
dk ;s Hkh rks b”kkZn gS %
o dt+kfyd% tvyukdqe mEerao olrUy fyrdwuw “kksgnkv% vyUukfl
o ;dwuj jlwyks vySdqe “kghnk 2&2@143 rtqZek % vkSj geus rqedks ,d
,slh gh tevkr cuk nh gS tks fugk;r ,vfrnky ij gS rkfd rqe yksxksa
ij xokg jgks vkSj jlwy rqe ij xokg jgsaA beke ckfdjv-l- us lkby ls
Qjek;k fd ge vbEek vgyqy cSrv-l- mEers olrk ¼ek/;e½ gaS vkSj gesa
[kykbd ij [kqnk ds xokg vkSj iq”rs t+ehu ij mldh rjQ ls gqTtr
eqd+jZj fd;s x;s gSaA
lkby us beke ckfd+jv-l- dh f[kner esa fQj vt+Z fd;k fd vkys
bczkghev-l- ds eqrfYyd [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk ;s b”kkZn gS fd %
o vkrsukgqe eqYdu vt+hek 5&4@54 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj geus mudks ¼;kuh
vkys bczkghevl- dks½ cgqr cM+h lYrur vrk dh Fkh vkius Qjek;k ds
eqYds vt+he ls ;s eqjkn gS fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us vkys bczkghev-l- esa
,sls tyhyqy d+nz vbEek iSnk fd;s Fks fd ftudh brkvr vYykg dh
brkvr Fkh vkSj ftudh uk Qjekuh vYykg dh uk Qjekuh FkhA , lkby
;gh oks eqYds vt+he gS tks ijojfnxkjs vkye us vkys bczkghev-l- dks vrk
fd;k FkkA ysfdu vQlksl rks bl ckr dk gS fd eqlyekuksa dks bldk
rks bd+jkj gS fd vkys bczkghev-l- dks eqYds vt+he vrk fd;k x;k Fkk
;kfu ijojfnxkjs vkye us vkys bczkghev-l- esa tyhyqy d+nz vbEek iSnk
fd;s Fks vkSj tc ;gh eqYd eqYds&vt+he vkys eqgeenl-v-o- dks vrk fd;k
x;k rks oks bldk bUdkj djrs gSaA
lkby us beke ckfd+jv-l- dh f[kner esa vtZ+ fd;k gS fd
[kqnkoUns rvkyk dk ;s Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
46
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw jZdm oLtqnw ovcqnw jCcdqe oQvyqy [kSj%
yvYydqe rqQfygwu 0 o tkfgnw fQYykfg gD+d+% ftgkfngh 17&22@77&78
rtqZek % ,s bZeku okyks! rqe :dwv fd;k djks ltnk fd;k djks vkSj vius
jc dh bcknr fd;k djks vkSj usd dke fd;k djks mEehn gS fd rqe
Qykg ikvksxs vkSj [kqnk dh jkg esa ftgkn djks tSlk fd ftgkn djus dk
gd gSA
bl lwjv% dks vkf[kj rd i<+ tkb;s rks vkidks gqot&rckdqe &
& gqo% lEekdqeqy eqfLyehu% vyQkt+ feysaxs vkSj lkFk&lkFk feYyrs
bczkfgev-l- dk Hkh rt+fdjk fd;k x;k gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- us lkby ls
Qjek;k fd ge oks vbEek vgyscSrv-l- gS ftudks gekjs tís vkyk gt+jr
bczkfgev-l- dh feYyr ds fy;s equrf[kc dj fy;k x;k gS vkSj ijojfnxkjs
vkye us fdrkcksa esa “kq: gh ls gekjk uke ^eqfLyehu* j[kk gSA il
dqjvkus gdhe esa Hkh gekjk uke ^^eqfLyehu** j[kk gS blh dqjvku esa gS
rkfd jlwy rqe ij xokg gksA il rqEgs ekywe gks fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ge
ij bl pht+ ds “kkfgn gS tks vkius ge rd [kqnk dh tkfuc ls igqapk;k
gSA vkSj ge nwljs yksxksa ij xokg eqd+jjZ gSa fygkt+k d+;ker ds jkst+ tks
“k[l lp&lp dgsxk ge mldh rLnhd+ djsaxs vkSj tks >wB cksysxk
mldh ge rdt+hc djsaxsA
lkby us beke ckfd+jv-l- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd dqjvkus
gdhe esa [kqnkoUns bT+t+% o ty “kkugw dk b”kkZn gS fd %
cy gqo% vk;krqe cf¸;ukrqu Qh lqnwfjy yt+hu% Årqy bYe 21&29@49
rtqZek % cfYd oks mu yksxksa ds fnyksa esa ftudks bYe vrk fd;k x;k gS
okt+sg nyhys gSaA vkiv-l- us Qjek;k fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us bl vk;rs
djhek esa ftu yksxksa dh rjQ b”kkjk fd;k gS oks ge gh yksx gSa ftudks
bYe vrk fd;k x;k gSA lkby us fQj vt+Z fd;k fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk
dk ;s Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
47
dqy dQk fcYykfg “kghne cSuh o cSudqe o eu bUngw bYeqy fdrkc
13&13@43 rtqZek % ,s iSx+Ecjl-v-o- vki Qjek nhft;s fd esjs vkSj rqEgkjs
njfe;ku vYykg vkSj oks “k[l ftlds ikl fdrkc dk bYe gS dkQh
xokg gSa vkius Qjek;k fd bl vk;r esa ftuds ikl fdrkc dk bYe gS
blls ge vbEek vgyscSrv-l- eqjkn gSaA ljojs dk;ukr eksgEenqu
jlwyYykglv-o- ds ckn veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bfCu vch rkfycv-l- ge
vbEek vgyscSrv-l- esa lcls vOoy vkSj lcls vQt+y o cjrj gSaA lkby
us fQj vtZ+ fd;k fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o bUugw y ft+d:y yd% o fy d+kSfed% o lksQ% rqlvywu 0 25&43@44
rtqZek % vkSj ;g dqjvku vkil-v-o- ds fy;s vkSj vkidh d+kSe ds fy;s cM+s
“kjQ dh pht+ gS vkSj vud+jhc rqels blds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk tk;sxkA
vkius lkby ls Qjek;k fd ^^ft+Ø** ls ge eqjkn gSaA oks ^^vgys ft+Ø**
geh gSa ftuds eqrkfYyd+ d+;ker ds fnu iqNk tk;sxkA lkby us fQj
vtZ+ fd;k fd [kqqnk oUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuek vUr% equft+:Uo ofydqfYy d+kSfeu gkn 13&13@7 rtqZek % ,s
jlwyl-v-o- vki flQZ Mjkus okys gSa vkSj gj d++kSe ds fy;s ,d gknh gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- us lkby ls Qjek;k fd bl vk;r esa ^^vUr% eqfUt+j**
;kfu Mjkus okyk ls jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- eqjkn gS vkSj ^^gknh** ls ge vbEek
vgyscSrv-l- eqjkn gSaA D;ksafd gj t+ekus esa vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- ls ,d beke
gksrk gS tks yksxksa dks jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh rkyhekr dh rjQ fgnk;r o
jguqekbZ djrk gSA il rqedks ekywe gks fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds ckn ge
vbEek vgyscSrv-l- esa lcls igys ^^gknh** veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bfCu
vchrkfycv-l- Fks fQj vkids ckn vkids vkSfl;k ;kfu ge vbEek vgyscSrvl-
bd ds ckn fnxj gknh o beke&,&t+ekuk gSaA
lkby us fQj vt+Z fd;k fd dqjvkus gdhe esa [kqnkoUns ty
”kkugw dk b”kkZn gS fd %
48
o ek ;vyeks rkohygq bYyYykgks ojZkfl[kwu% fQy bYe 3&3@7 rtqZek
% vkSj mldh rkohy ;kfu lgh eryc vYykg vkSj bYe esa iq[rkdkj
yksxksa ds flok dksbZ ugha tkurkA vkius Qjek;k fd ,s lkby jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- vius ,gn eqckjd esa bYe esa iq[rkdkj yksxksa esa lcls vQt+y
o cM+rj Fks D;ksafd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us vki ij tks dqN Hkh rut+hy o
rkohy ukft+y QjekbZ gS mu reke dk bYe vkidks gkfly FkkA vki ij
tks pht+ Hkh ukft+y gksrh Fkh vkil-v-o- mldh rkohy c[kwch tkurs Fks vkSj
vkids ckn vkSfl;k ;kfu vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- tks bYe esa iq[rkdkj gS
mudks reke rkohykr dk iwjk&iwjk bYe FkkA lkby us vt+Z fd;k fd
[kqnkoUns djhe dk ;s Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
lqEe% vojluy fdrkcy yt+hul rQsuk feu bckfnuk Q feugqe
t+kfyeqUy fy&uQflgh o feugqe eqd+rflnqu o feugqe lkfcdqe fcy
[kSjkfr fcbfT+uYykfg t+kfyd% gqoy Qt+yqy dchj 0 22&35@32 rtqZek
% fQj geus fdrkc dk okfjl mu yksxksa dks cuk;k ftudks geus vius
cUnksa esa ls pqu fy;k FkkA il muesa ls fdrus ,sls gSa tks viuh tkuksa ij
t+qYe djus okys gSa vkSj muesa ls fdrus e;kuk joh bf[r;kj djus okys
gSa vkSj muesa ls fdrus rks [kqnk dh rkSQhd+ ls usfd;ksa esa lcd+r ys tkus
okys gSa ;s cM+k Qt+y gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- us bl vk;rs djhek dh r”kjhg
djrs gq, lkby ls Qjek;k fd bl vk;r esa Hkh ijojfnxkjs vkye us ge
vbEek vgyscSrv-l- dh rjQ b”kkjk Qjek;k gS lks rqEgsa ekywe gks fd
^^lkfcd+** ge vbEek vgyscSrv-l- esa ls gj nkSj dk beke eqjkn gS vkSj
^^eqd+rflnqu** ;kuh fe;kuk joh bf[r;kj djus okys ls eqjkn beke ds
gqd+wd+ dh ekfjQr j[kus okyk gS vkSj vius u¶l ij tqYe djus okys ls
oks “k[l eqjkn gS tks “kd esa eqcfryk gS vkSj gels nwjh bf[r;kj fd;s gq,
gSA jgk voke dk ;s [;ky fd vk;rs djhek %
49
lqEe% vojluy fdrkcy yt+hul rQsuk && eSa mUgh yksxksa dks equrf[kc
dj ysus dh rjQ dk b”kkjk fd;k x;k gS vxj muds [;ky ds eqrkfcd+
bl ckr dks rlyhe dj fy;k tk;s rks ml lwjr esa voke lcds lc
equrf[kc vkSj pqfuank gq, vkSj reke ds reke nkf[kys tUur gq, tSlk
fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us bl vk;rs djhek esa b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd %
tUukrks vnfu; ;n[kqywugk 22&35@33 rtqZek % oks ges”kk ckd+h jgus
okys ckxkr gS ftuesa ;s yksx nkf[ky gksaxsA voke us ftl rjg ls vk;rs
djhek lqEe% vojluy fdrkcy yt+hu dh rkohy dh gS fd bl vk;r
esa equrf[kc yksxksa ls mUgh dks eqjkn fd;k x;k gS Bhd mlh rjg mUgksaus
bl vk;r dh rkohy esa nks fd+Le ds d+kSy dgs gS ftl vk;r dk ft+Ø
geus bl ckc ds vkxkt+ esa fd;k gS oks vk;rs djhek ;s gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw vrhmYykg% o vrhmj jlwy% o mfyy vefj
feudqe 5&4@59 ¼rtqZek½ % ,s bZekuokyksa! rqe vYykg vkSj jlwy dh
brkvr djks vkSj rqels tks lkfgckus vez gS mudh brkvr djksA
voke esa ckvt+ dk ;s [;ky gS fd bl vk;rs djhek esa [kqnkoUns
rvkyk us ftu myqy vez dh brkvr dks okftc d+jkj fn;k gS oks mejk,
y”dj gS vkSj ckvt+ ;s dgrs gS fd myqy vez ls oks vgys bYe ;kfu
myek eqjkn gS tks ntkZ&,&b¶rkv ij Qkbt+ gSA voke ds bu nksuksa
vd+oky dk eryc cscqfu;kn gSA D;ksafd tks yksx ;s dgrs gS fd myqy
vez ls ljnkjkus y”dj eqjkn gS rks xks;k mUgksaus ;s dgdj vius mu
bekeks ij mu lkjnkjkus y”dj dks Qt+hyr ns nh ftUgksaus mudks y”dj
dk ljnkj cuk;k Fkk vkSj bl rjg voke us vius bl d+kSy ls myVs
bekeksa ij ljnkjkus y”dj dh brkvr okftc dj nh vkSj lkFk&lkFk
reke eqvfeuhu ij mejk, y”dj dh brkvr okftc dj nh D;ksafd
vk;rs djhek ;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% esa reke eqvfeuhu ls f[krkc djds
myqy vez dh brkvr dk gqDe fn;k x;k gS blfy, myqy vez dh
brkvr esa gj ,d eqvfeu nkf[ky gS vkSj ;s eqefdu ugha fd myqy vez
dh brkvr ls ,d eqvfeu dks nwljs eqvfeu ds eqd+kcys esa vyx d+jkj
50
fn;k tk;s gkykafd dqjvkus gdhe esa bl~frLuk ¼vyx djus] NwV½ dh
dksbZ ,slh nyhy ikbZ tk;s ;k iSx+Ecjl-v-o- dk dksbZ c;ku gksuk pkfg;s fd
ftudks c;ku dk iwjk gd+ gkfly FkkA rks ekywe gksuk pkfg;s fd voke
dks dqjvku o gnhl esa dksbZ ,slh nyhy u feysxhA blds vykok ;s Hkh
,d gd+hd+r gS fd oks y”dj ds ljnkj dh brkvr y”djh;ksa ds vykok
tks yksx gS mu ij okftc o Qt+Z rlOoqj ugha djrs rks xks;k [kqn mUgksaus
viuh t+cku ls viuk ;s nkok ckfry o jn~n dj fn;k fd myqy vez ls
eqjkn ljnkjs y”dj gSA
vc jgs oks yksx tks ;s dgrs gS fd myqy vez ls eqjkn myek gSa
vkSj og myek vbEek gSa rks mu vokeh myek dk gky ;s gS fd oks lcds
lc vkil esa bf[rykQ jk; j[krs gSA vxj mu esa ls fdlh ,d vkfye
dh brkvr dh tk;s rks nwljs dh ukQjekuh gksrh gSA D;ksafd tc eqvfeu
bu myek&,&tegwj esa ls ,d vkfye dh iSjoh djsxk rks ml lwjr esa
;dhuu nwljs vkfye dh ukQjekuh gksxh D;kasfd oks mlh el~vys esa
viuh nwljh jk;s j[krk gSA gkykafd ;s ckr fcYdqy lkQ vkSj okts+g gS
fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us vius cUnksa dks ,sls myek dh brkvr dk gqDe
dHkh ugha fn;k gS fd tks vkil esa bruk bf[rykQ j[krs gksa fd ekewj
¼vez ekuus okyk½ dks ;s Hkh ekywe u gks lds fd muesa ls fdldh brkvr
dk gqDe mldks fn;k x;k gSA fygkt+k ;s d+kSy Hkh fcYdqy cs cqfu;kn gS
fd myqy vez ls myek , tegwj eqjkn gSaA bl jk; vkSj [;ky dk
t+kfgjh igyw bruk det+ksj gS fd blds d+kby ij fdlh fd+Le dh
gqTtr o nyhy djus dh dksbZ t+:jr ugha gSA njvly myqy vez
dgyk us ds T+;knk gdnkj rks oks vbEek vgys cSrv-l- gSa ftu ds d+Ct+s
esa reke mewjs ”kjb;k gSa vkSj lgh ekvuksa esa ogh vez ds okyh o ljijLr
gSa vxj dksbZ lkfgcs Qsge o clhjr bl ckr ij x+ksjks fQØ djs rks mlds
ut+nhd myqy vez dk eQgwe fcYdqy okt+sg vkSj jks”ku gks tk;sxkA
vkSj ;s Hkh fdruh uk ekvdwy ckr gS fd [kqnk viuh vkSj vius
jlwyl-v-o- dh brkvr esa fdlh ,sls “k[l dh brkvr dks “kkfey djds
viuh e[kywd+ ls mldh brkvr djok;s ftldk gqDe gj ml dke esa
ftldk rvkYyqd [kqnk dh tehu esa ,gdkes bykgh dks d+kbe djuk gS
bl rjg ukfQt+ o tkbt+ gh u gks ftl rjg fd [kqnk vkSj jlwyl-v-o-
dk vez ukfQt+ o tkbt+ gS\ vc jgs voke esa ls oks yksx tks ;s dgrs gS
51
ds myqy vez ls eqjkn ljnkjs y”dj vkSj myek gSa rks mUgsa gekjh bl
ckr ij x+ksjks fQØ djuk pkfg;s fd muds bl [;ky ds eqrkfcd+ rks [kqn
ljnkjs y”kdj dks bekeks dh brkvr djuh pkfg;s D;ksafd mUgh us rks
mu dks oks ljnkjh vkSj d+;knr vrk dh gS ftldh otg ls oks bl ckr
ds eqLrgd+ gq, fd ftu yksxksa dk mUgsa ljnkj cuk;k x;k gSA oks mudh
brkvr djsA jgs oks yksx tks ;s dgrs gSa fd myqy vez ls eqjkn myek
gSa rks mUgsa Hkh ekywe gksuk pkfg;s fd vbEek vgys cSrv-l- gh oks gd+hd+h
myek gSa ftuds eqdkfcy esa nwljs reke myek dk ntkZ de rj gS oks
bYe o Qt+yks deky esa gj fygkt+ ls vQt+y o cM+rj gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls eudwy gS fd glu fcu lkysg fcu
gs; vkSj vyh fcu lkysg fcu gs; nksuksa us vkils [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds bl
b”kkZn ds ckjs esa iwNk fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw vrhmYykg% o vrhmj jlwy% o mfyy vefj
feudqe 5&4@59 ¼rtqZek½ % ,s bZeku okyks! vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh
brkvr djks vkSj rqeesa ls tks lkfgckus vez gS mudh brkvr djksA bl
vk;rs djhek esa myqy vez ls dkSu yksx eqjkn gS\ vki lkfnd+ vkys
eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd myqy mez ls myek eqjkn gSA tc nksuksa vkids
ikl ls mBdj ckgj pys x;s rks vyh fcu lkysg us dgk xt+c gks x;k
geus ;s rks iwNk gh ugha fd oks myek dkSu gS\ nksuksa fQj beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gq, vkSj vkils nj;k¶+r fd;k
fd myek ls dkSu eqjkn gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd vgyscSr jlwyv-l- esa ls
tks beker ds erZck&,&mt+ek ij Qkbt+ gS oks eqjkn gSA beke ckfd+jvl-
ls ejoh gS fd vkius vk;rs djhek %
o yks jíqgks byj jlwfy o byk mfyy vefj feugqe yvfyegqy yt+hu%
;Lrefcrwugw feugqe 5&4@83 rtqZek % vkSj vxj ;s yksx bl ¼ckr½ dks
jlwyl-v-o- ds vkSj mu yksxksa ds lkeus tks lkfgckus vez gaS is”k djrs rks
mu esa ls tks ckr dh rSg rd igq¡p tkus okys gSa oks vly gd+hd+r ekywe
dj ysrs mlds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k fd tks ckr dh rSg rd igqap tkus
52
okys gSa muls vbEek vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- eqjkn gSa ftudks ijojfnxkjs
vkye us oks bYe vrk fd;k gS fd ftlls oks ekeys dh rSg rd igqap
tkrs gSa blfy;s [kqnkoUns rvkyk us bl vk;rs djhek esa mudh brkvr
dks vke rkSj ls okftc d+jkj ns fn;k gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw vrhmYykg% o vrhmj jlwy% o mfyy vefj
feudqe 5&4@59 rtqZek % ;kuh vYykg o jlwy dh brkvr djks vkSj
rqees ls tks lkfgckus vez gS mudh brkvr djksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d “k[l dks tks
cSrqYykg dk rokQ ns jgk Fkk ;s dgrs gq, lquk fd %
vYykgqEet vyuh feuy yt+hu% bt+k t+qfDd: fcvk;kfr jfCcfge ye
;f[kj: vySgk lqEeo o me;kuk 19&25@73 rtqZek % ,s ijojfnxkj rw
eq>s mu yksxksa esa ls cuk ftl oDr muds lkeus vYykg dh vk;rksa dk
rt+fdjk gksrk gS rks vU/ks&cgjs cudj ugha fxjrsA ¼cfYd x+ksj ls lqurs
gSaA½
jfCct+ vyuh feuy yt+hu% ;dqywu% jCcuk gc yuk feu vt+okftuk o
tq+fjZ;kfruk dqjZr% vv;qfuo otvyuk fyyeqRrdhu% bekek 0 19&25@74
rtqZek % ,s esjs ijofnxkj rw eq>s mu yksxksa esa ls cuk tks ;s dgrs gSa fd
,s gekjs jc rw gekjh chfc;ksa vkSj vkSykn dh rjQ ls vka[kksa dh BaMd
vrk Qjek vkSj gedks ijgst+xkjksa dk beke cuk nsA vkius ml “k[l ls
Qjek;k fd ,s “k[l rwus vius ijojfnxkj ls viuh gSfl;r ls c<+dj
loky fd;k gS rwus [kqnkoUns rvkyk ls ;s loky fd;k gS oks rq>s
ijgst+xkjksa dk ,slk beke cuk ns ftldh brkvr Qt+Z dh xbZ gksA ml
oDr vkids vlgkc esa ls fdlh us dgk fd ,s lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l-
eSa vki ij dqckZu tk¡Å igyh vk;r esa fdu yksxksa dh rjQ b”kkjk gS\
53
vkius Qjek;k fd oks rqEgkjs eqrkfYyd+ gSA fQj mUgksaus iwNk fd nwljh
vk;r esa fdu yksxksa dh rjQ b”kkjk fd;k x;k gS\ beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl-
us Qjek;k fd nwljh vk;r gekjs fy;s mrjh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius vk;rs djhek %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw vrhmYykg% o vrhmj jlwy% o mfyy vefj
feudqe 5&4@59 rtqZek % ,s bZekuokyksa! rqe vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy
dh brkvr djks vkSj rqeesa ls tks lkfgckus vez gSa mudh brkvr djks
blds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k fd ge vbEek vgyscSrv-l- esa ls tks bekes
t+ekuk gS ogh myqy vez gSa vkSj bldh brkvr QtZ+ dh xbZ gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkils jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds
bl b”kkZns fxjkeh ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k fd %
eu ekr% yk ;vfjQks beke% ngfjgh g¸;e ekr% ehrru tkfgfy¸;ru
;kfu tks “k[l vius ftUnk bekeqt+ t+ekuk dh ekfjQr fd;s cx+Sj oQkr
ik x;k rks oks tkfgfy;r dh ekSr ej x;k] vkils iwNk x;k fd vk;k oks
“k[l tkfgfy;r dh ekSr ej x;k tks vkys eksgEenv-l- esa ls gks ;k x+Sj
vkys eksgEenv-l- esa ls gks\ vkius Qjek;k fd tks beke ds otwn gh dk
eqfUdj gks oks tkfgfy;r dh ekSr ejrk gS pkgs oks eqfUdjs beke vkys
eksgEenv-l- esa ls gks ;k mu esa ls u gks mldh ;gka ij dksbZ QdZ ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkils [kqnkoUns rvkyk
ds bl b”kkZns fxjkeh ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k fd %
bUu% Qh t+kfyd% y vk;kfry fyy eqr%ofLlehu 14&15@75 rtqZek %
;d+huu blesa vgys clhjr ds fy;s fu”kkfu;ka gSA vkius Qjek;k fd
eqrofLlehu ;kfu vgys clhjr ls oks vbEek vgyscSrv-l- eqjkn gS tks gj
pht+ dks uwjs [kqnkoUns dh jks”kuh eas ns[krs gS fygkt+k rqe igpku ysus dh
rkdrs vkys eksgEenv-l- ls ges”kk Mjrs jgksA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS vkius ,d erZck veh:y eqvfeuhu
ekSykuk vyh bCus vchrkfycv-l- ls Qjek;k fd ,s vyhv-l-! rqe vkSj
54
rqEgkjs Qjt+Unksa esa ls tks vkSfl;k ;kfu vbEek gSa oks tUur vkSj tgUue
ds njfe;ku [kqnk ds vvjkQ gSaA tUur esa ogh “k[l nkf[ky gksxk
ftldks rqe igpkurs gksaxs vkSj oks rqedks igpkurk gksxk vkSj tgUue esa
Hkh ogh “k[l nkf[ky gksxk tks rqegkjh olk;r o beker dk eqfUdj
gksxkA vkSj ftldks igpkuus ls rqeus bUdkj dj fn;k gksxkA ;s gS
vvjkQ dh okts+g vkSj jks”ku rkohy ftlds flok dksbZ vkSj rkohy
tkbt+ o nq:Lr ugha gks ldrh tSlk fd voke dk [;ky gS fd vlgkcs
vvjkQ ls oks yksx eqjkn gSa tks vius vkeky dh otg ls u rks tUur
esa nkf[ky gks lds vkSj u tgUue esa cfYd oks tUur vkSj tgUue ds
njfe;ku gh :d x;sA voke dh ;s rkohy dSls nq:Lr gks ldrh gS
tcfd ijojfnxkjs vkye us vkf[kjr esa tUur o tgUue ds flok cUnksa
ds vkeky dh tt+k o lt+k ds fy;s dksbZ vkSj ?kj gh ugha cuk;k gSA
tUur o tgUue nks fd+Le ds yksxksa ds njtkr o eukft+y gSaA tks vgys
tUur gS oks tUur esa vius vkekys gqLuk ds eqrkfcd+ mlh ntsZa esa d+;ke
djsaxs ftlds oks eqLrgd+ gSa blh rjg vgys nkst+[k viuh cn vkekfy;ksa
dh otg ls tgUue ds mlh ntsZa esa nkf[ky gksaxs ftlds oks eqLrgd+ gq,
gSaA fygkt+k tks “k[l t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh vt+kcs bykgh dk eqLrgd+ u gksxk
oks jgers bykgh dh iukg vkSj lk;s esa gksxkA il ;s ckr le> esa ugha
vkrh fd vlgkcs vvjkQ dk ,slk gky D;wa dj gksxk tSlk fd voke dk
[;ky gS fd u rks tUur esa nkf[ky gksaxs u tgUue esa bldk eryc ;g
gqvk fd mUgs tUur esa nkf[ky gksus ls jksdk x;k gS vkSj oks [kqnk dh
jger ls nwj j[ks x;s gSaA gkykafd dqjvkus gdhe esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk us
vlgkcs vvjkQ dh “kku esa ;g dgk x;k gS fd oks d+;ker ds jkst+ yksxksa
dks mudh is”kkfu;ksa ls rkM+ ysaxs ¼igpku ysaxs½A oks vgys nkst[k dks
muds xqukgksa ij eqRrfyv djsaxs vkSj mudks [kwc mykguk nsaxs vkSj dgsaxs
fd %
ek&vxuk vudqe temdqe o ek dqurqe rlrdfc:u% v&gk&mykby
yt+hu% vdlerqe yk ;ukyqgqeqYykgks fc&jgefru 8&7@48&49 rtqZek
% rqEgkjh tekvr vkSj rqEgkjk vius dks cM+k le>uk rqEgkjs dqN dke u
55
vk;kA D;k ;s ogh yksx gSa ftudh fuLcr rqe d+le [kkdj dgk djrs
Fks vYykg rvkyk mu ij jger u djsxkA
voke vlgkcs vvjkQ ls vgys tUur dh ,d tekvr eqjkn
ysrs gSa oks nwljs tUurh yksxksa ls eq[kkfrc gksdj dgsaxs fd rqe ij lyke
gks rqe fcyk gqT+u o eyky vkSj [kkSQ o [krj tUur esa nkf[ky gks tkvks
nwljs yksx Hkh mudks viuh enn ds fy;s iqdkjsaxs vkSj mudh “kQkvr ds
mEehnokj gksaxsA
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us dqjvkus gdhe esa vlgkcs vvjkQ dk ft+Ø
djds muds cqyUn ed+ke dh rjQ b”kkjk Qjek;k gS fd oks [kqnk dh
rjQ ls mldh e[kywd+ ij xokg vkSj mlds cUnksa ij gqTtr eqd+jZj gSaA
xt+Z vlgkcs vvjkQ [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds ut+nhd vtheq”k&“kku d+nz o
euft+yr ds ekfyd gSaA vjch t+cku esa vQZ fdlh pht+ ds cqyUnrj
fgLls dks dgrs gSaA tSlk fd eqxsZ+ dh dyUxh vkSj ?kksM+s dh v;ky ¼lj
ds cky½ dks vQZ dgk tkrk gSA mldh tekv vvjkQ gSA ckvt+
ekfgjhu yqx+r dk [;ky gS fd vjcksa ds ut+nhd gj cqyUn ”ks; vvjkQ
gSA pqukaps blh [;ky ls jsr ds <sj dks vvjkQ dgk tkrk gSA
vokeqUukl ds ckvt+ eqQfLljhu
o uknk vLgkcqy ,vjkfQ 8&7@48 rtqZek % vkSj vlgkcs vvjkQ us
vkokt+ nhA bl vk;r dh r¶lhj djrs gq, fy[krs gS fd vlgkcs
vvjkQ ls ;gka oks yksx eqjkn gSa tks tUur o tgUue ds njfe;ku ,d
Åaps Vsdjs ij gksaxsA vkSj ckvt+ eqQfLlj ;s dgrs gSa fd vlgkcs vvjkQ
tUur o tgUue ds njfe;ku ,d cqyUn nhokj ij gksaxsA ;s eqQfLljhu
dgrs gS fd egt+ cqyUnh dh otg ls vvjkQ dgk x;k gS eqQfLljhu
dh bl tekvr us eqfUdjs vkfjQ vkSj tkfgy eqQfLlj dh lwjr esa t+:j
gd+ ds fxnZ pkjksa rjQ pDdj yxk;k exj njs eD+lwn gkfly u gqvk ge
[kqnkoUns rvkyk ls gSjr o tykyr vkSj gd+ ckr ds bUdkj o tgkyr
ls iukg ekaxrs gSaA fdrkcs bykgh dh vdlj vokeh rkohysa blh fd+Le
ds Qlkn o cqRyku ij vk/kkfjr gSaA ge rQlhj fcy jk;s vkSj gd+ dh
eq[kkfyQr esa gok u¶lh ds ?kksM+s ij lokj gksus ls [kqnk dh iukg ekaxrs
gSaA
56
vlgkcs vvjkQ ds eqrkfYyd+ vkoke dh ;s ^jk;s* dh muls ,d
,slh tekvr eqjkn gS tks u tUur esa gksxh u tgUue esaA ;s bruh x+yr
rkohy gS fd blds x+yr o Qkfln gksus ds fy;s fdlh fd+Le dh nyhy
o gqTtr is”k djus dh t+:jr ugha gSA voke ds eqQfLljhu dh vDlj
rkohysa mudh vkjkv ¼vankt+ks] jk;½ dk urhtk gS [kqnkoUns rvkyk gesa
viuh fdrkc dqjvku ikd dh gyky o gjke ckrksa dh rkohy fcy jk;s
djus ds rlOoqj ls Hkh esgQwt+ j[ksaA jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS vki
Qjekrs gS fd eq>dks ;g gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eSa vius ijojfnxkj ds
,gdke dh brkvr d:a vkSj esjs vgyscSrv-l- esa tks vbEek gSa mudks esjh
lqUur vkSj ,gdkes bykgh dh brkvr dk gqDe fn;k x;k gS vkSj muds
flok reke yksxksa dks vYykg rvkyk dh brkvr vkSj esjh brkvr vkSj
esjs vgyscSrv-l- esa ls tks vbEek gSa mu dh brkvr dk gqDe fn;k x;k gS
il ;kn j[kks ftlus vbEek vgyscSrv-l- dh iSjoh dh mlus futkr ikbZ
vkSj ftlus mudk nkeu NksM+ fn;k oks gykd gks x;k vkSj ;d+huu
[kkjth ds flok vgyscSrv-l- dk nkeu dksbZ vkSj u NksM+sxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd %
o yks jíwgks byj jlwfy o byk mfyy vefj feugqe 5&4@83 rtqZek %
vkSj vxj ;g yksx bl ckr dks jlwyl-v-o- ds vkSj mu yksxksa ds lkeus tks
lkfgckus vez gSa is”k djrs gSaA tc vki ls iwNk x;k fd vk;rs et+dwjk
esa lkfgckus vez ls dkSu yksx eqjkn gaS\ rks vki us Qjek;k fd ge vbEek
vgyscSrv-l- oks mfyy vez gSa ftu ds lkeus loky is”k djus dk gqDe
fn;k x;k gSA
,d “k[l us lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k
fd esjh tku vki ij dqjcku gks gekjs ;gka dqN ,sls yksx Hkh gS tks ;g
dgrs gS fd %
Qlvyw vgyt+ ft+dfj bu dqurqe yk rvyequ 14&16@43 rtqZek %
lks vxj rqe dks bYe ugh rks vgys bYe ls iwN ns[kksA oks dgrs gS fd
^^vgys ft+Ø** ls myek&,&;gwn eqjkn gSa vkius ;g lqu dj rcLlqe
57
Qjek;k vkSj lkby ls eq[kkfrc gks dj dgk fd d+le c[kqnk fQj rks oks
yksxksa dks vius gh nhu dh rjQ nkor djsaxs ;g ukeqefdu gS fd
[kqnkoUns rvkyk yksxksa dks myek&,&;gwn ls loky djus dk gqDe ns
cfYd ge vbEek vgyscSrv-l- oks vgys ft+Ø gSa ftuds lkeus loky is”k
djus dk gqDe fn;k x;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds
bl b”kkZns fxjkeh ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd
eu ekr% yk ;vfjQks beke% ngfjgh g¸;e ekr% ehrru tkfgfy¸;ru
;kfu ftl “k[l us vius t+ekus ds beke dh ekfjQr u dh oks
tkfgfy;r dh ekSr ej x;kA lkfnd vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd
bekeqT+t+eku ls ft+Unk beke eqjkn gS ml oDr vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z
fd;k x;k fd ge us ft+Unk beke dk y¶t+ ugha lquk gSA vkius Qjek;k
dle ck [kqnk jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us t+:j ,slk gh b”kkZn Qjek;k FkkA
vki us [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds bl b”kkZn ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd %
;kSe% unÅ dqYy% mukfle fcbekfefge 15&17@71 ¼rtqZek½ % ftl
fnu ds ge gj ,d tekvr dks mlds beke ds lkFk cqyk;saxsA tc vki
ls iwNk x;k ds bl vk;r esa ^^fcbekfefge** ls dkSu eqjkn gS\
lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd bl vk;r esa beke ls oks
“k[l eqjkn gS ftl dh yksxksa us nqfu;k esa bd+frnk o isjoh dh gksxhA
pquakps d+;ker ds jkst+ veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCu vch rkfycv-l- ds
vgn eqckfjd esa ftu yksxksa us vki dh brkvr o iSjoh dh gksxh mudks
vkids gejkg cqyk;k tk;sxkA blh rjg vkius reke vbEek vgys cSrvl-
ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k mlds ckn vkius dgk fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds
bj”kkn ds eqrkfcd+ ftlus vius t+ekus ds beke dh ekfjQr u dh oks
;d+huu tkfgfy;r dh ekSr ejsxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck ,d “k[l us vkidh
f[kner esa vkdj vt+Z fd;k fd Qjt+Uns jlwyv-l- dqjs”k vki yksxksa dh
bl ckr ls cgqr jat+hng [kkfrj gksrs gS fd vki gh yksx muds vkd+k o
58
ekSyk gSA vkius ml “k[l ls Qjek;k fd yksx rhu fd+Le ds gSA ,d
fd+Le rks mu yksxksa dh gS ftu dks tc ge us vYykg dh rjQ cqyk;k
rks mUgksaus gekjh nkor dks yCcsd dgk il mu ij [kqnk vkSj jlwyl-v-o-
dk vkSj gekjk ,glku gSA vkSj nwljh fd+Le mu yksxksa fd gS ftudks geus
eSnkus tax esa d+Ry dj fn;k FkkA vkSj rhljh fd+Le mu yksxksa dh gS ftu
ij [kqnk vkSj jlwyl-v-o- us Qrg eDds ds jkst+ ,glku fd;k Fkk vkSj ;s
,glku [kqnk vkSj jlwyl-v-o- us gekjh gh otg ls fd;k Fkk il tks yksx
gekjs vkd+k o ekSyk gksus ls jathnk [kkfrj gksrs gSa oks mu rhu fd+Le ds
yksxksa esa ftl fd+Le esa Hkh pkgs “kkfey gks ldrs gSA
gt+jr vcwt+j x+¶Qkjh jsgerqYykg vysg ls fjok;r gS vki ,d
ejrck jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dh oQkr ds ckn gt ds ekSds ij gkft+j gq, tc
vki us ckcs dkck ij rokQ djrs gq, yksxksa dk vt+ngke ¼HkhM+&HkkM+½
ns[kk rks vkius cSrqYykg my gjke ds njokt+s dh t+Uthj idM+ dj
Qjek;k fd ,s yksxksa! ,s yksxksa! ;s lquuk Fkk fd yksx fugk;r [kkeks”kh ds
lkFk tek gks x;sA gt+jr vcwt+j x+¶Qkjhj-v- us Qjek;k fd ,s yksxksa!
rqeesa ls tks eq>s igpkurk gS oks igpkurk gS vkSj tks ugha igpkurk oks
tku ys fd esa gh vcwt+j x+¶Qkjh gw¡A vkt esa rqEgkjs lkeus oks gnhl
c;ku djuk pkgrk gw¡ ftldks eSaus [kqn vius dkuksa ls lquk gSA eSus ;s
gnhl ml oDr lwuh Fkh tc vkagtjrl-v-o- ldjkr esa FksA ml oDr
vkil-v-o- viuh t+ckus vd+nl ls ;s Qjek jgs Fks fd eSa rqEgkjs njfe;ku
nks cgqr dherh phtsa NksM+s tk jgk gw¡A ,d rks vYykg dh fdrkc vkSj
nwljs viuh brjr ;kfu vgys cSrv-l- dks NksM+s tk jgk gw¡ ;s nksuksa ,d
nwljs ls ml oDr rd tqnk uk gksaxs tc rd gkst+s dkSlj ij eq> ls u
fey tk;saxsA gkst+s dkslj ij ,d lkFk feyus dh dsfQ;r t+kfgj djus
ds fy;s vkius relhyu ¼felky ds rksj ij½ nksuksa gkFkksa dh rlchg okyh
maxfy;ksa dks ckge ¼,d&nwljs ls½ feyk;k fQj nksuksa [kwc cjkcj djds
vkius Qjek;k fd eSa bl rjg ls dgrk gwaA eSa bl rjg ls ugh dgrk
fd fdrkcqYykg vkSj esjh brjr ,d nwljs ls vyx&vyx gksdj vkxs
ihNs feysaxs vkius vkxs ihNs gksus dh relhy esa vius nkfgus gkFk dh
rlchg okyh maxyh vkSj chp okyh maxyh dks feykdj crk;k fd ns[kks
bl rjg ugh fd mu nksuksa maxfy;ksa esa ls ,d vkxs gS vkSj nwljh ihNsA
mlds ckn jlwys vdjel-v-o- us b”kkZn Qjek;k fd ;kn j[kks fd fdrkcqYykg
59
vkSj esjh brjr dh felky rqEgkjs njfe;ku fd”rh uwgv-l- dh felky gS
tks ml ij lokj gqvk mlus futkr ikbZ vkSj ftlus mldks NksM+ fn;k
oks x+jd+ gks x;kA
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh bCu vchrkfycv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki
ls vgyqt+ ft+Ø ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k fd muls dkSu yksx eqjkn gS rks
vkius Qjek;k fd ge vgys ft+Ø gSaA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls Hkh ;gh loky
fd;k x;k rks vkius Hkh Qjek;k fd ge vgys ft+Ø gSaA xjt+ bl ekst+w
ds flyflys esa rks vgknhl vkSj [kcjksa dk ,d vUckj gSA ftudks
dyecUn djuk bl fdrkc dh gn ls ckgj gS geus vc rd bu gnhlksa
o v[kckjksa esa ls tks dqN Hkh is”k fd;k gS oks vDyeUnksa vkSj mu yksxksa
ds okLrs ftudks jkg&jkLr dh rkSQhd+ vrk dh xbZ gS dkQh gSA
eqgEeneqgEeneqgEeneqgEeneqgEenl-v-o-l-v-o-l-v-o-l-v-o-l-v-o- o vkys eqgEen o vkys eqgEen o vkys eqgEen o vkys eqgEen o vkys eqgEenv-l-v-l-v-l-v-l-v-l- ij lyokr dk c;ku ij lyokr dk c;ku ij lyokr dk c;ku ij lyokr dk c;ku ij lyokr dk c;ku
eqgEenl-v-o- o vkys eqgEenv-l- ij lyokr Hkstuk okftc gS vkSj
vkys eqgEenvl- ls vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- eqjkn gSaA vkSj eulcs beker mUgh
esa equrfd+y gqvk gS vkSj vkys eqgEenv-l- gh jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh mEer
gSa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuYykg% o eykbdrgq ;qlYyqu% vyu uchf¸; ;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu%
vkeuw lYyw vySfg o lfYyew rlyhek 0 22&33@56 rtqZek % blesa “kd+
ugh fad [kqnk vkSj mlds Qfj”rs iSx+Ecj vkSj mudh vky ij nw:n Hkstrs
gS rks ,s bZekunkjksa rqe Hkh nq:n Hkstrs jgks vkSj cjkcj lyke djrs jgksA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd tc vkagtjrl-v-o- ij et+dwjk
ckyk vk;rs djhek ukft+y gqbZ rks vkids vlgkcs fdjke esa ls dqN yksxksa
us iwNk fd ,s iSx+Ecjs [kqnk! gesa vki ij lyke i<+us dh dSfQ;r dk bYe
rks gS ysfdu vki ij lyokr Hkstus dh D;k lwjr gS\ ml oDr fjlkyr
evkcl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd eq> ij bl rjg ls nq:n Hkstk djks %
60
vYykgqEe% lYys vyk eqgEefnu o vyk vkys eqgEefnu dek lYySr%
vyk bczkghe% o vyk vkys bczkghe% bUud% gehnqe ethnA pqukaps
vkagtjrl-v-o- usa vius vlgkc dks [kqys y¶t+ksa esa ;s crk fn;k fd mu ij
fdl rjg lyokr Hkstuk pkfg;s vkSj ;s okts+g jgs fd ijojfnxkjs vkye
us flQZ eksgEenl-v-o- o vkys eksgEenv-l- gh ij lyokr Hkstuk vgys
bZeku ds fy;s okftc d+jkj fn;k gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- us vius vlgkc dks eqgEenl-v-o- o vkys eksgEenvl-
ij lyokr Hkstus dh dSfQ;r ls bl rjg vkxkg dj fn;k Fkk ftl
rjg dh vkius uekt+ i<+us t+dkr nsus] jkst+k j[kus] gt djus vkSj
oyk;r o ftgkn dh reke rQlhykr ls okfd+Q dj fn;k Fkk D;ksafd ;s
reke Qjkbt+ dqjvkus gdhe esa eqtey ukft+y gq, FksA
tekvr vkEek us Hkh bl gnhl dks gekjh fjok;r ds eqrkfcd+
uD+y fd;k gS ysfdu tc mUgsa bl gnhl ds budkj dk dksbZ jkLrk u
fey ldk rks oks ;s D;kl dj cSBs fd reke eqlyeku vkys eksgEen gS
rkfd vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- dks vkys eksgEenv-l- gksus ds bl “kjQ ls [kkfjt
dj nsa ftlls [kqnkoUns rvkyk us mudks e[klwl Qjek;k gS ftldk
ft+Ø dqjvkus gdhe esa Hkh ekStwn gS vkSj [kqn jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
vgyscSrs jlwyvl- dk vkys eksgEenv-l- gksuk okts+g rkSj ls c;ku dj fn;k
gS vkSj ijojfnxkjs vkye us vgyscSrv-l- ds blh “kjQ dks mudh brkvr
o beker ds fy;s nyhy o gqTtr d+jkj fn;k gS vkSj mudh brkvr dks
[kqnk o jlwyl-v-o- dh brkvr ds eqlkoh ¼cjkcj½ cuk fn;k gSA
vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- ds vkys eksgEenv-l- gksus ds flyflys esa voke
dk eq[kkfyQkuk joS ;k Qkfln vkSj ckfry cqfu;knksa ij gS tks vd+yeanksa
ls e[kQh ugha vgyscSrv-l- dh bl Qt+hyr ds eqrfYyd voke us ftl
x+yr c;kuh ls dke fy;k gS oks bl d+nz jks”ku gS fd mldh rjnhn esa
fdlh nyhy dh pank t+:jr ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d lkby us vkils
nj;k¶+r fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwyv-l-! vki eq>s crk;sa fd vkys eksgEenvl-
61
dkSu gS\ beke tkvQ:LLkfndvl- us Qjek;k fd vkys eqgEenv-l- fcy
[klwl ¼[kkl rkSj ls½ jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds vgyscSr fdjkev-l- gSaA lkby us
f[kners beke esa vtZ+ fd;k fd voke dk ;s [;ky gS fd reke eqfLyehus
vkye vkys eksgEenv-l- gS beke eqLdqjk;s vkSj Qjek;k fd mUgksaus lp Hkh
dgk gS vkSj >wB Hkh dgk gS lkby us iwNk fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwyv-l- vkids
bl b”kkZns fxjkeh dk D;k eryc gS fd voke us >wB Hkh dgk gS vkSj lp
Hkh dgk gS vkius Qjek;k fd mUgksuas ,d evuh esa lp dgk gS vkSj ,d
evuh esa >wB dgk gSA mUgksaus bl evuh esa >wB dgk gS fd reke oks
eqlyeku tks rkSghn ds d+kby gSa vkSj jlwys vdjel-v-o- dks lPpk iSx+Ecj
rlyhe djrs gS vkys eksgEenv-l- gSA gkykafd oks vius et+gc esa ukfd+l
gSa vkSj bQjkr o rQjhr ¼vQjk rQjh ;kfu deh Hkh vkSj T+;knrh Hkh½
djrs jgrs gSaA ysfdu voke us ml evuh es lp dgk gS fd eqlyekukus
vkye esa tks vgys bZeku gS oks vkys eksgEenvl- ds tqejk esa ls gSa vxjps
oks ulch ,srckj ls vkys eksgEenv-l- ugha ysfdu “kjk;rs dqjvku ij
vey djus dh otg ls vkys eksgEenv-l- esa ls t+:j gSaA vkSj ,slk Hkh ugha
gS fd oks mu vkys eksgEenv-l- es “kqekj fd;s tk;sa ftuls [kqnkoUns rvkyk
us f”kdZ o dqÝ dh reke ukikfd;ksa dks nwj dj fn;k gS vkSj mudks bl
rjg ikd dj fn;k tSlk fd ikd djuk pkfg;sA fygkt+k gekjs dgus dk
;s eryc gqvk fd tks “k[l Hkh dqjvku ds vgdke ij vey djrk gS
vkSj vbEek vgyscSrv-l- dk iS: gS oks muds nk;jk gqCcs oykv es nkf[ky
gksus dh otg ls vkys eksgEenv-l- esa ls “kqekj gksxk vxjps mldk ulch
fj”rk eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds fuLc o [kkunku ls fcYdqy vyx gSA
lkby us vt+Z fd;k fd vki eq>s crk;sa fd oks “kjk;rs dqjvku
D;k gSa fd ftu ij ikcUnh ds lkFk vey djus ls ,d eqvfeu vkys
eksgEenvl- esa ls “kqekj gks ldrk gS eSa vki ij fQnk gks tkÅaA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd dqjvkus gdhe ds vgdke ij vey
djsa vkSj vbEek vgyscSrv-l- dh isjoh djsa vkSj ftl rjg vYykg rvkyk
us vkys eksgEenv-l- dks jlwys vdjel-v-o- ds lkFk d+jkcrnkjh dh otg ls
reke [kykbd+ ij eqd+n~ne fd;k gS blh rjg vkys eksgEenv-l- dks
eqd+n~ne le>sa rks oks bl ,srckj ls vkys eksgEenv-l- esa ls “kqekj gksxkA
pqukaps blds eqrkfYyd+ ckjh rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
62
eU; ;roYygqe feudqe Q bUugw feugqe 6&5@51 ¼rtqZek½ % ¼;kn jgs½
rqeesa ls ftlus mudks viuk ljijLr cuk;k fQj oks Hkh mUgha yksxksa esa
ls gksxkA blds vykok ijojfnxkjs vkye us gt+jr bczkghev-l- dk ;s
d+kSy Hkh uDy fd;k gS fd %
Qeu rfcvuh QbUugw feUuh o eu vlkuh QbUud% xQq:j jghe
13&14@36 ¼rtqZek½ % rks tks “k[l esjh isjoh djs rks oks eq>ls gS vkSj
ftlus esjh uk Qjekuh dh ¼rks rq>s bf[r;kj gS½ rks rw cM+k c[“kus okyk
esgjcku gSA vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ;gwn ds ckjs esa mu yksxksa dk d+kSy
uDy fd;k gS tks ;s dgrs Fks fd %
vy yt+hu% d+kyw bUuYykg% vfgn% bysuk vYyk uqvfeu% fy jlwfyu
gRrk ;vfr;uk fcdqjckfuu rvdqyqgqUukj 4&3@183 ¼rtZqek½ % ¼;s ogh
yksx gS½ tks dgrs gS fd [kqnk us rks ge ls ,sgn fd;k gS fd tc rd dksbZ
jlwy gesa ;s ¼eksvftt+k½ u fn[kk ns fd oks dqjckuh djs vkSj mldks
¼vklekuh½ vkx pV dj tk;sA mlds tokc esa [kqnk us vius jlwyl-v-o-
ls dgyk;k fd %
dqy d+n tkvdqe :lqyqe feu d+Cyh fcy cf¸;ufr o fcYyt+h dqyrqe
Qfye% d+ryrqewgqe bu dqUrqe lkfnd+hu 4&3@183 rtZqek % ¼,s jlwy½
rqe dg nks ¼Hkyk ;s rks crkvks½ cgqr ls iSx+Ecj eq> ls d+Cy rqEgkjs ikl
okt+sg o jks”ku eksvftt+kr vkSj ftl pht+ dh rqeus ¼ml oDr½ Qjekb”k
dh gS oks Hkh ys dj vk;s fQj vxj rqe ¼vius nkos esa½ lPps gks rks rqeus
mUgs D;ksa d+Ry fd;kA ;s ckr [kqnkoUns rvkyk us d+kSe ;gwn ds mu pUn
vQjkn ds eqrkfYyd+ dgh gS tks jlwyl-v-o- ds ,gn eqckjd esa ekStwn Fks
mUgksaus [kqn vius gkFkksa ls vfEc;k lkfcd+hu dks u rks d+Ry fd;k Fkk u
oks muds t+ekus esa Fks vycRrk muds bLykQ us vfEc;k dks d+Ry fd;k
63
Fkk vkSj mudk d+lwj ;s gS fd mUgksaus vius bLykQ ds bl t+kfyekuk
Qvy dks ilUn fd;k vkSj ctk;s uQjr ds muls eqgCcr dh blfy;s
[kqnk us vk;rs et+dwjk ckyk esa blykQ ds Qvy dks mudh rjQ eulwc
dj fn;k vkSj mu vQjkns ;gwn dks egt+ isjoh dh fcuk ij vfEc;k ,
fdjke ds d+kfrys blykQ ¼nknk ijnknk½ esa ls “kqekj fd;kA
lkby us lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- dh f[kner es fQj vt+Z fd;k
fd esjh tku vki ij dqckZu vki vkys eqgEenv-l- ds eqrkfYyd+ [kqnk dh
fdrkc dqjku gdhe esa ls dksbZ ,slh nyhy is”k djsa fd ftlls eSa bl ckr
ij bfLrnyky dj ldaw fd fcyk ”kqcg reke eqlyekukus vkye dks
NksM+ dj vkys eqgEenv-l- fcy [k+qlwl jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds vgys cSrvl gaSA
vki us Qjek;k fd vLnd+qy d+kbyhu vYykg ty “kkugw dk b”kkZn gS
fd %
bUuYykglrQk vkne% o uqgo o vky% bczkghe% o vky% bejku% vyy
vkyehu 3&3@33 rtZqek % cs”kd [kqnk us vknev-l- vkSj uwgv-l- vkSj
[kkunkus bczkfgev-l- vkSj [kkunkus bejkuv-l- dks lkjs tgka ls cjxt+hnk
¼cjrj½ fd;k gS bruk Qjekus ds ckn [kqnk us ;s Hkh okts+g dj fn;k fd
oks cjxt+hnk yksx dkSu gSaA [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
tqjhZ;re cvt+qgk fee cvft+u oyYykgks lehmu vyhe 3&3@34
rtqZek % ckvt+ dh vkSykn dks ckvt+ ls vkSj [kqnk ¼lcdh½ lqurk vkSj
¼lc dqN½ tkurk gS ;s rks fcYdqy [kqyh gqbZ ckr gS fd fdlh d+kSe dh
vkSykn uLy gh ls gksrh gS nwljs ed+ke ij b”kkZns ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
bveyw vky% nkÅn% “kqdjk 22&34@13 rtqZek % ,s nkÅn dh vkSykn
“kqØ djrs jgksA vkSj b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
o d+ky% jtqyqe eqvfeuqe feu vkfy fQjvksu% ;drqeks bZekugw v
rd+rqywu% jtqyu vU; ;dwy% jfCc;Yykgks 24&40@28 rtqZek % vkSj
64
fQjvksu ds yksxksa esa ls ,d bZekunkj “k[l ¼fgt+dhy½ us tks vius bZeku
dks Nqik;s jgrk Fkk ¼yksxksa ls dgk½ D;k rqe yksx ,sls “k[l ds d+Ry ds
njis gksa tks flQZ ;s dgrk gS fd esjk ijojfnxkj vYykg gSA ns[kk vkius
ijojfnxkjs vkye us vk;rs et+dwjk esa bl eqvfeu dks tks fQjvksu dk
bCus ve ¼ppk t+kn HkkbZ½ Fkk egt+ ulch d+jkcr dh fcuk ij vkys
fQjvksu esa ls “kqekj fd;k gS gkykafd og et+gcu fQjvksu dk eq[kkfyQ
FkkA il vxj reke eqlyeku tks jlwys vdjel-v-o- ij bZeku j[krs gSa
vkSj mudh bfRrckv ¼iSjoh½ djrs gS bl bZeku o bfRrckv dh otg ls
budks bu vkys eksgEenv-l- es “kqekj dj fy;k tk;s ftuls [kqnk us
dqjvkus gdhe esa eqjkn fy;k gS rks fQj [kqnk vkys fQjvksu ds ml
eqvfeu dks fQjvksu dh rjQ eulwc uk QjekrkA D;ksafd oks fQjvksu ds
nhu dk eq[kkfyQ FkkA il bl felky ls okts+g gks x;k fd fdlh “k[l
dh vky mlds vgyscSr gh gksrs gSaA vc jgk oks “k[l tks vkys eksgEEnv-
l- dh iSjoh djrk gS rks oks egt+ rckvr ds ,srckj ls vkys eksgEenv-l-
esa ls “kqekj gksxkA tSlk fd gt+jr bczkfgev-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd %
Qeu rfcvuh QbUugw feUuh o eu vlkuh QbUud% xQq:j jghe
13&14@36 rtqZek % tks “k[l esjh iSjoh djs rks oks eq>ls gS vkSj ftlus
esjh ukQjekuh dh ¼rks rq>s bf[r;kj gS½ rw rks cM+k c[“kus okyk esgjcku
gSA nwljs edke ij b”kkZns ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
vnf[kyw vky% fQjvksu% v“kíy vt+kc 24&40@46 rtqZek % ¼d+;ker ds
jkst+ gqDe gksxk fd½ fQjvksu dh vky dks l[r ls l[r vt+kc esa >ksad
nksA ;gka vky ls eqjkn fcy [kqlwl fQjvksu ds ?kjokys gSa vkSj vkerkSj
ls mlds reke bfRrckv eqjkn gSa vkSj tks vgyscSr fQjvksu ds vykok
tgUue esa nkf[ky gksaxs lks oks fQjvksu ds vgyscSr ds lkFk eksgCcr j[kus
dh otg ls nkf[kys tgUue gksxsa D;ksafd oks cjcuk;s brkvr o bfRrckv
mUgha esa ls “kqekj gksaxs vkSj fQj tcfd vkys fQjvksu muds beke Bgjs
rks oks muls eksgCcr j[kus dh fcuk ij muds rkcsv o iS: gq,A nwljs
edke ij b”kkZns ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
65
lykequ vyk vkys ;klhu 23&37@130 rtqZek % vkys ;klhu ij lyke
gh lyke gS bl vk;rs djhek esa ;klhu jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dk bLe fxjkeh
gS vkSj vkys ;klhu vkids vgyscSrs vrgkjv-l- gSaA blh rjg bl vk;r
esa vkys nkÅnv-l- dks Hkh f[krkc fd;k x;k gSA b”kkZns [kqnkoUn gS fd %
bveyw vky% nkÅn% “kqdju o d+yhyqe feu bckfn;”k “kdwj 22&34@13
rtqZek %,s nkÅnv-l- dh vkSykn “kqØ djrs jgks vkSj esjs cUnks esa ls “kqØ
djus okys ¼cUns½ FkksM+s ls gS vkSj nwljs edke ij [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk
b”kkZn gS fd %
o cd+h¸;rqe feEek rjd% vkyks ewlk o vkyks gk:u% rgfeyqgqy eykbdk
2&2@248 rtqZek % vkSj mu rc:Zdkr ls cpk dqpk gksxk tks ewlkv-l- dh
vkSykn vkSj gk:uv-l- dh vkSykn ;knxkj NksM+ xbZ gS vkSj lUnwd+ dks
Qfj”rs mBk;s gksaxsA
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us et+dwjk ckyk vk;rs djhek frykor
djus ds ckn Qjek;k fd vkys ewlkv-l- vkSj vkys gk:uv-l- vkSj vkys
nkÅnv-l- vkSj vkys ;klhuv-l- esa ls tks yksx “kqekj gksaxs oks vky dh iSjoh
vkSj bfRrckv ds ,srckj ls “kqekj gksaxs D;ksafd fdrus ,sls yksx Hkh gksaxs
ftudk vky ls dksbZ ulch o lych fj”rk u gksxkA fygkt+k ;s ckr
fcYdqy okt+sg gks pqdh fd vfEc;k&,&fdjkev-l- ds ?kj ds yksx gh
vbEek gksrs gaS vc tks yksx bu vbEek vgyscSrv-l- ls fj”rk eksgCcr
d+kbe djsaxs vkSj mudh nhuh ekeykr esa iSjoh djsaxs mudk “kqekj bl
,rckj ls vkys eksgEenv-l- esa ls gksxk tSlk fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us
dqjvkus ikd dh cs”kqekj vk;rksa esa okts+g dj fn;k gSA bruk Qjek pqdus
ds ckn beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us lkby ls eq[kkfrc gks dj Qjek;k
fd rqe ;d+hu ekuks fd xqft+”rk mEerksa esa ls dksbZ mEer bl mEer ls
c<+dj t+kfye o t+kfcj u Fkh D;ksafd ekStwnk mEer rks ;s xqeku dj cSBh
gS fd muds njfe;ku vkSj muds iSx+Ecj eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds
vgyscSr fdjkev-l- ds njfe;ku dksbZ Qd+Z ugha gS vkSj u vgyscSrv-l- ds
66
fy;s mu ij dksbZ Qt+hyr gkfly gS blls c<+dj vkSj D;k tq+Ye gks
ldrk gS il ftu yksxksa us ;s oge o xqeku fd;k gS fd oks vgyscSrs
jlwyv-l- ds geiYyk o eqlkoh gaS mUgksaus ijojfnxkjs vkye ij cgqr cM+h
rkSger yxkbZ gS vkSj oks cqgrku o xqukgs vt+he ds eqrZfdc gq, gSaA
fygkt+k ,sls ,frd+kn j[kus okys yksx eksgEenl-v-o- o vkys eksgEenv-l- ls
cjh gSaA tc rd fd oks rkSck u dj ysa vkSj vYykg rvkyk us vgyscSr
fdjkev-l- dks tks Qt+kby o eukfd+c vrk fd;s gSa mudk bd+jkj djrs
gq, vkSj ;s fd oks [kkunkus ucqOor ds nedrs gq, flrkjs vkSj ekSts+v
jger vkSj bYe dh [knkus vkSj vgys ft+Ø gSa vkSj muds njfe;ku
Qfj”rksa dh xqt+jxkg FkhA bu reke Qt+kby dk ,srjkQ djrs gq, gd+
dh rjQ :twv gksa rks vkys eksgEenv-l- ls cjh u gksaxsA ysfdu tks yksx
vgyscSrs vrgkjv-l- dh Qt+hyr ds equfdj gSa oks nqfu;k vkSj vkf[kjr esa
vkys eksgEenvl- ls cjh gSA
tukc lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us blds ckn Qjek;k fd ,s lkby
vlgkcs&bt~ekv ¼vdlfj;r½ dh tkfuc ls ,d vkSj nyhy is”k dh
tkrh gSA lkby us vt+Z fd;k fd oks nyhy D;k gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd
D;k ;s gd+hd+r ugha gS fd nwljs reke bf[rykQh elkby dks NksM+dj
bl elvys ij vey fd;k tk;s ftl ij vke eqlyekuksa dk bÙksQkd+
gS lkby us dgk fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwyv-l- vkius ctk b”kkZn Qjek;kA
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us lkby ls Qjek;k fd fQj rqEgh eq>s crkvksa
fd eqlyekuksa esa fdrus gS ftUgksaus vkys eksgEenv-l- gksus dk nkok fd;k
gS ,slk nkok rks fdlh eqlyeku us ugha fd;k gS vycÙkk oks bl ckr dk
bd+jkj djrs gSa fd muds vkys eksgEenv-l- gksus esa vgyscSr eksgEenv-l- Hkh
cjkcj ds “kjhd gaS lkby us dgk fd vkius ctk b”kkZn Qjek;kA vkius
Qjek;k fd D;k ;s gd+hd+r ugha gS fd tks yksx vius vkys eksgEen gksus
dk nkok djrs gSa oks lkFk lkFk bl ckr dk Hkh bd+jkj djrs gSa fd jlwys
vdjel-v-o- ds ?kjokys vgyscSr eksgEenv-l- gSa exj mlds cjvDl ftUgksaus
vius vkys eksgEen gksus dk nkok fd;k gS vkys eksgEen muds bl bfÌvk
¼vius vf/kdkjksa dh ekax½ dk badkj djrs gS vkSj gd+hd+ru ;s nkok
fcYdqy x+yr vkSj uk d+kfcys d+cwy gS tc rd fd ;s nkosnkj mu
nyhyksa esa ls fdlh ,d nyhy ls Hkh vius nkos dks lkfcr u dj fn[kk;asA
igyk lqcwr rks oks ;s is”k djsa fd reke vgyscSr eksgEenv-l- muds nkok
67
, vkys eksgEenv-l- dk bd+jkj djrs gSa vkSj muds vkys eksgEenv-l- gksus
ds nkos dks rLyhe djrs gSaA ftl rjg vkys eksgEenv-l- gksus ds ;s
nkosnkj vkys eksgEenv-l- dk bd+jkj djrs gSa ;k fQj fdlh x+Sj tkfucnkj
dh dksbZ nyhy is”k djas tks vkys eksgEenv-l- gksus ds nkos esa d+rvu
“kjhd u gks ;d+huu oks bu nksa nyhyksa esa ls ,d nyhy Hkh ugha is”k dj
ldrsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us lkby ls eq[kkfrc gksdj Qjek;k fd
ns[kk rqeus fdrus eqífyy rjhds ls vgyscSr eksgEenv-l- dk gd+ lkfcr
gks x;k gS mlds cjf[kykQ ftu nkosnkjksa us vius vkys eksgEen gksus dk
nkok fd;k Fkk mudk ;s nkok cj cuk;s bf[rykQ ckfry gks pqdk gS
tcfd vkys eksgEenv-l- dk gd+ nksuksa otg ls eqÙkfQd+ vysgk ¼,der ls
lkfcr½ gS vkSj ftu yksxksa us vius vkys eksgEen gksus dk nkok fd;k gS
mudk ;s nkok u fdlh nyhy o gqTtr ls lkfcr gksrk gS u btekv ls
lkfcr gksrk gSA
lkby us vt+Z fd;k fd eSa vki ij fQnk gks tkš vc vki eq>s
crk;sa fd vgyscSr eksgEenv-l- gh mEers eksgEenv-l- gS\ vkius Qjek;k
fd gk¡ vgyscSr jlwyv-l- gh mEers eksgEenv-l- gS lkby us fQj vt+Z fd;k
fd D;k tks yksx jlwyYykgl-v-o- ij bZeku yk;s vkSj vki dh ucqOor dh
rLnhd+ dh oks eqgEenl-v-o- dh mEer ugha gS\ beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l-
us Qjek;k fd mEers eqgEenv-l- dk eLvyk Hkh vkys eqgEenv-l- gh tSlk
gS ;s ,d okts+g gd+hd+r gS fd reke eqlyekukus vkye tks vgys cSrs
eqgEen ;kfu [kkunku cuh gkf”ke ls fulcr ugha j[krs oks eqgEenv-l- dh
mEer ugha gSaA vycÙkk reke vgys e”kfjd o ex+fjc vjc o vte bUl
o ftu esa ls tks yksx [kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy ij bZeku j[krs gaS vkSj bl
mEer ¼;kfu [kkunku ucoh½ dh eqgCcr j[krs gq, iSx+Ecjlvo- dh isjoh
djrs gSa ftlesa vki ecÅl gq, gaS rks ,sls yksxksa dk “kqekj mEers
eqgEenvl- esa ls gksxkA blh rjg tks eqlyeku rkSghn ijLr gaS vkSj uch
vdjel-v-o- dk bd+jkj djrs gSaA oks bl mEer es “kqekj gksaxs ftldh
fgnk;r ds fy;s vki ecÅl gq, gS jgs oks yksx tks mEers eqgEenv-l-
;kfu vkids vgys cSr vrgkjv-l- ds Qt+y o deky dk bUd+kj djrs gS
oks mu yksxksa esa ls gS tks ;s dgrs gS fd %
68
uqvfeuks fc cvft+Uo o udQqjks fc cvft+o o ;qjhnwu% vU; ;Rrf[kt+w
csu% t+kfyd% lchyk 6&4@150 ¼rtqZek½ % ge cvt+ ¼iSx+Ecj½ ij bZeku
yk;s vkSj cvt+ dk badkj djrs gS vkSj pkgrs gSa bl ¼dqÝ vkSj bZeku½ ds
njfe;ku ,d nwljh jkg fudkysa rqe ;d+hu djks ;s ogh yksx gaS fd tc
muls iwNk tkrk gS fd D;k rqe vYykg vkSj mlds Hksts gq, iSx+Ecj
eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ij bZeku j[krs gks\ rks dgrs gS fd gk¡ ge
vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ij bZeku j[krs gS ysfdu tc mu ls ;s dgk
tkrk gS fd D;k rqe ftl iSx+Ecjs bLyke eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ij
bZeku j[krs gks mudh ikfdt+k vky ds Qt+kby o eukfd+c vkSj mudh
Qt+hyr dk Hkh bd+jkj djrs gks\ rks iSx+Ecjs bLyke ij bZeku j[kus ds
;s nkosnkj dgrs gSa fd ugh ge vkys eqgEenv-l- dh Qt+hyr dk bd+jkj
ugha djrs D;ksafd ge ij mudks Qt+hyr o cM+rjh gkfly ugha gSA
lkby us lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd
vkids ikl bl ckjs esa dksbZ vkSj nyhy o gqTtr gS fd vkys eksgEenvl-
gh jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh mEer gS vkSj nwljs ugha\ bekev-l- us lkby dks
tokc nsrs gq, Qjek;k fd lquks! dqjvkus gdhe esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk
b”kkZn gS fd %
o bt+ ;jQvks bczkgheqy d+okbn% feuy cSfr o bLekbZyks jCcuk rd+Ccy
feUuk bUud% vurl lehmy vyhe 0 jCcuk otvyuk eqfLyesfu yd%
o feu t+qjhZ ;fruk mEere eqfLyery yd% o vfjuk euk fld%uk o rqc
vySuk bUud% vUrr rOokcqj jghe 1&2@127&128 rtqZek % vkSj ¼oks
oDr Hkh ;kn fnykvks½ tc bczkghev-l- o bLekbZyv-l- [kkuk , dkvck dh
cqfu;kns cqyUn dj jgs Fks ¼vkSj nqvk ekaxrs tkrs Fks fd½ ,s gekjs
ijojfnxkj gekjh ¼;s f[kner½ dq+cwy dj cs”kd rw gh ¼nqvk dk½ lquus
69
okyk ¼vkSj fu¸;r dk½ tkuus okyk gS vkSj , gekjs ikyus okys rw gesa
viuk Qjeku cjnkj cUnk cuk vkSj gekjh vkSykn ls ,d fxjksg ¼iSnkdj½
tks rsjk Qjeku cjnkj gks vkSj gedks gekjs gt dh txg fn[kk ns vkSj
gekjh rksck d+cwy dj cs”kd rw gh cM+k rksck d+cwy djus okyk esgjcku
gSA pquakps tc [kqnkoUns rvkyk us gt+jr bczkfgev-l- o bLekbZyv-l- dh
bl nqvk dks d+cwy Qjek fy;k fd [kqnk oUnk ge nksuksa dh vkSykn ls
,d mEers eqfLyek dks iSnk dj vkSj fQj blh mEer esa ls ,d jlwy dks
ecÅl dj tks mudks [kqnk dh vk;rsa i<+ dj lquk;s vkSj mudks ikdht+k
cuk;sa vkSj fdrkc o fgder fl[kyk;s gt+jr bczkghev-l- us viuh bl
igyh nqvk ds lkFk tks vkius ckjxkgs bykgh esa viuh t+qfjZ;r esa ls ,d
mEers eqfLyek iSnk djus ds fy;s dh Fkh ,d nwljh nqvk Hkh “kkfey dj
nh fd ftlesa vkius ijojfnxkjs vkye ls ;s loky fd;k gS fd [kqnk
oUnk viuh t+qfjZ;r esa ls ftl mEer dks iSnk djus ds fy;s eSaus rq> ls
nqvk dh gS mlh mEer ds fy;s rq> ls ;s loky djrk gw¡ fd rw mudks
f”kdZ o cqrijLrh ls nwj j[kuk vkSj ;s fd oks rsjs flok fdlh vkSj dh
ijfLr”k o iSjoh u djsa gt+jr bczkfgev-l- dh oks nqvk&,&bler o
rgkjr ;s gS %
ot uqcuh o cfu¸;% vUuvcqny vLuke 13&14@35 ¼rtqZek½ % vkSj eq>s
vkSj esjh vkSykn dks bl ckr ls cpk ys fd cqrksa dh ijfLr”k djus yxsA
ijojfnxkj ;s oks yksx gSa ftuds fy;s eSaus rq>ls nqvk dh gS vkSj rqus
eq>ls oknk Hkh dj fy;k gS rw mudks vbEek vkSj mEers eqfLyek cuk;sxk
vkSj muds njfe;ku mUgha esa ls ,d iSx+Ecj ecÅl djsxk vkSj ;s fd rw
mudks cqrijLrh ls esgQwt+ j[ksxkA
blds ckn gt+jr bczkghev-l- vLuke ¼cqrksa½ ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs
gS fd %
jfCc bUugqUu% vt+%yyu% dlhje feuUukfl Qeu rfcvuh Q bUugw
feUuh o eu vlkuh Q bUud% xQw: jZghe 0 13&14@36 rtqZek % ,s esjs
ikyus okys blesa “kd ugh fd bu cqrksa us cgqrsjs yksxksa dks xqejkg cuk
70
dj NksM+k rks tks “k[l esjh iSjoh djs rks oks eq>ls gSa vkSj ftlus esjh uk
Qjekuh dh ¼rks rq>s bf[R;kj gS½ rw rks cM+k c[“kus okyk esgjcku gSA
lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s lkby ;s jgh bl ckr dh
nyhy fd vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- vkSj og mEers eqfLyek ftlesa eqgEen
jlwyqYykgl-v-o- ecÅl gq, gSaA nksuksa gt+jr bczkghev-l- o bLekbZyv-l- gh
dh mu vkSykn esa ls gksaxs tks lkfduhus gje ¼gje ds jgus okys½ gSa vkSj
ftUgksaus dHkh xSj vYykg dh iwtk ugha dh gS bldh nyhy ;s gS fd
gt+jr bczkghev-l- us viuh vkSykn ds fy;s ;s nqvk dh Fkh fd [kqnkoUns
rw eq>s vkSj esjh vkSykn dks cqrksa dh ijfLr”k djus ls esgQwt+ j[kuk il
blls x+Sj vYykg dh ijfLr”k djus ls bu vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dh bler
o rgkjr lkfcr gksrh gS tks gt+jr bczkghevl- o bLekbZyv-l- dh t+qfjZ;r
esa ls gksaxsA vkSj vkys bczkghev-l- o bLekbZyv-l- ds lkfduhus gje gksus dk
;s lqcwr gS fd bczkghev-l- us ijojfnxkjs vkye ls f[krkc djds Qjek;k
Fkk fd %
jCcuk bUuh vldUrks feu tq+fjZ ;rh fcokfnu xSfj t+h t+jbu bUn%
cSfrdy eqgj~jfe jCcuk fy ;qdheqLlykr% Qtvy vQbnre feuUukfl
rgoh bySfge ojtq+dgqe feul le%jkfr yvYygqe ;”kdq:u 0 13&14@37
¼rtqZek½ % ,s gekjs ikyus okys eSaus rsjs eqvfT+t+t+ ?kj ¼dkvck½ ds ikl ,d
cs [ksrh ds ohjku C;kcku ¼eDdk½ esa viuh dqN vkSykn dks ¼ykdj½
clk;k rkfd ,s gekjs ikyus okys ;s yksx cjkcj ;gka uekt+ i<+k djsa rks
rw dqN yksxksa ds fnyksa dks mudh rjQ ekby dj ¼rkfd oks ;gka vkckn
gksa½ vkSj bUgas rjg rjg ds Qyksa ls jkst+h vrk dj rkfd ;s yksx ¼rsjk½
“kqdjkuk vnk djsaA lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us lkby ls Qjek;k fd ns[kk
rqeus gt+jr bczkghev-l- us lkfduhus gje ds fy;s ;s nqvk ugha dh Fkh fd
oks iwtk djas cfYd ckjxkgs bykgh esa ;s nqvk QjekbZ fd esjh vkSykn esa
ls tks lkfduhus gje gSa mu dks rsjs eksvfT+t+t+ ?kj dkvck ds tokj esa
blfy;s vkckn fd;k gS rkfd oks cjkcj ;gka uekt+ i<+k djsa il et+dwjk
ckyk vk;rsa djhek bl ckr dh jks”ku nyhy gS fd oks vbEek rkfgjhuvl-
71
vkSj mEers eqfLyek ftudh bLer o rgkjr ds fy;s gt+jr bczkghev-l- us
ckjxkgs bykgh esa nqvk QjekbZ Fkh oks vkidh ikdht+k vkSykn gS ftUgksaus
x+Sj vYykg ds vkxs dHkh ltnk ugha fd;k gS blds vykok gt+jrvl us
viuh vkSykn gh ds fy;s [kkl rkSj ls ;s Qjek;k gS fd ijojfnxkj rw
yksxksa dks mudh rjQ ekby dj rkfd oks ;gka vkckn gksaA blls lkfcr
gksrk gS fd ;s nqvk , [kyhy vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- vkSj mEers eqfLyek nksuksa
ds fy;s e[klwl gS tks nksuksa gh vki dh vkSykn esa ls gSaA mlds ckn
gt+jr bczkfgev-l- us vius vkSykn ls eqgCcr j[kus okys ds gd+ esa Hkh nqvk
QjekbZ gS tSlk fd vki us muds fy;s nqvk dh Fkh vc bfLrnyky dh
jks”kuh esa ns[kk tk;s rks ;s ckr lkfcr gks tkrh gS fd gt+jr bczkghev-l
vkSj gt+jr bLekbZyv-l us viuh ftl tqfjZ;rs rkfgjk vkSj mEers eqfLyek
ds fy;s nqvk dh Fkh oks tukc fjlkyr evkcl-v-o-] veh:y eqvfeuhuvl]
ftxj xks”kk , jlwy gt+jr Qkfrek t+sgjkv-l-] vkSj beke gluv-l-] beke
gqlSuv-l- vkSj tqEyk rkfgjhuv-l- gSa vkSj tks yksx bczkghev-l- o bLekbZyvl-
dh bl tqfjZ;rs rkfgjk ls oyk;r o eqgCcr j[krs gSa oks Hkh mUgha esa ls
gSa ge us ;gka ij gt+jr bczkghev-l- o bLekbZyv-l- dh nqvk esa gt+jkr
vgys cSr vrgkjv-l dks blfy;s e[klwl rkSj ls “kkfey fd;k gS fd
eksgEenu jlwyqYykgl-v-o- vyhv-l- o Qkfrekv-l- gluv-l- o gqlSuv-l- ds
flok reke vkSykn bLekbZyv-l cqrijLrh esa eqfCryk FkhA il gt+jr
bLekbZyv-l- o blgkdv-l- dh nqvk iatsrus ikd gh ds fy;s e[klwl gSA
blds vykok jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ;s Hkh gnhl eudwy gS vkilvo-
Qjekrs gS fd eSa vius tn~ns vkvyk gt+jr bczkghev-l- dh nqvk dk lejk
¼Qy½ gw¡ fygkt+k tks yksx bl mEers eqfLyek dh bfRrckv djsaxs ftlds
vkSlkQ [kqnkoUns rvkyk us dqjkus gdhe eas c;ku dj fn;s gSa rks oks
oyk;r o eqgCcr ds ,rckj ls mEer esa ls “kqekj gksaxsA vkSj tks yksx ;s
le> dj mEers eqfLyek ;kfu iatru ikdv-l- dh eq[kkfyQr djsaxs fd
mudks ge ij dksbZ Qt+hyr gkfly ugha gS rks ,sls yksxksa dk ml mEer
esa “kqekj gksxk ftudh fgnk;r ds fy;s jlwys vdjel-v-o- dks Hkstk rks x;k
Fkk exj oks bZeku ugha yk;sA
72
lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us lkby ls Qjek;k fd mEers eqfLyek
;kfu iatsrus ikdvl o vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ftuds fy;s gt+jr bczkghevl
o bLekbZyv-l us nqvk dh Fkh ijojfnxkjs vkye us dqjvkus gdhe esa muds
eqrkfYyd+ nwljs edke ij b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd %
oy rdqe feudqe mEerqU; ;nÅu% byy [kSfj o ;veq:u% fcy
ev:fQ o ;ugksu% vfuy equdfj o mykbd% gqeqy eqQfygwu 0 4&3@104
rtqZek % vkSj rqeesa ls ,d fxjksg ¼,sls yksxks dk Hkh½ rks gksuk pkfg;s tks
¼yksxks dks½ usdh dh rjQ cqyk;s vkSj vPNs dke dk gqDe ns vkSj cqjs dkeksa
ls jksds vkSj ,sls gh yksx ¼vf[kjr esa½ viuh fnyh eqjkn ik;saxsA bl
vk;rs djhek esa vgys fd+cyk ds xqukgksa dk ft+Ø fd;k x;k gSa D;ksafd
tks yksx u usdh dh rjQ cqykrs gS u vPNs dke dk gqDe nsrs gS vkSj u
cqjs dkeksa ls jksdrs gSa oks bl mEer esa ls gjfxt+ u gksaxs ftuds vkSlkQ
ijojfnxkjs vkye us vk;rs et+dwjk esa c;ku fd;s gSaA vke eqlyekuksa dk
;s [;ky dSls nq:Lr gks ldrk gS fd ogh yksx jgerqy vkyehul-v-o- dh
mEer gSa gkykafd [kqnkoUns vkye us vk;rs et+dwjk eas mEers eqgEenlvo
dh ;s flQr c;ku dh gS fd oks yksx usdh dh rjQ cqykrs gksaxs vkSj cqjs
dkeksa ls jksdrs gksaxs il mEer ds ftu yksxksa esa vez fcy ev:Q vkSj
ugf; vfuy eqUdj dh flQr u ikbZ tkrh gks ftlls [kqnkoUns rvkyk
us mEers eqgEenv-l- dks ekslwQ Qjek;k gS rks oks yksx mEers eqgEenv-l-
esa ls dSls “kqekj gks ldrs gaS D;ksafd oks [kqnk dh “krksZa vkSj mlds cryk;s
gq, vkSlkQ ds fcYdqy cjvDl gaSA
vkSj ,d nwljs ed+ke ij bl mEer dh flQr bl rjg c;ku
dh xbZ gS fd %
73
o dt+kfyd% tvyukdqe mEerUo ol%ry ¼;kfu vnyu½ fy rdwuw
“kqg%nkv% vyUukfl o ;dwuj jlwyks vySdqe “kghnk 2&2@143 rtqZek
% ¼vkSj ftl rjg rqEgkjs fd+Cyk ds ckjs essa fgnk;r dh½ mlh rjg rqedks
vkfny mEer cuk;k rkfd vkSj yksxksa ds eqdkcys esa rqe xokg cuks vkSj
jlwy ¼eksgEenl-v-o-½ rqEgkjs eqd+kcys esa xokg cusA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenvl-
us lkby ls eq[kkfrc gks dj Qjek;k fd vxj rqEgkjk ;s xqeku gS fd bl
vk;rs djhek esa mEer ls [kqnkoUns rvkyk us reke rkSghn ijLr vgys
fd+Cyk ls eqjkn fy;k gS rks D;k rqEgsa ;g ekywe ugha gS fd ftldh xokgh
bl nqfu;k esa ,d I;kyk [ktwj ds ekeys esa tkbt+ uk gks mldh xokgh
[kqnkoUns rvkyk d+;ker ds fnu reke e[kywd+ ds ckjs esa dSls d+cwy dj
ldrk gS vkSj mldks xqft+”rk mEerksa ds ekeys esa fdl rjg xokg
cuk;sxkA [kqnkoUns rvkyk gjfxt+ viuh e[kywd+ ds lkFk bl fd+Le dk
ekeyk u djsxkA ,d nwljs ed+ke ij b”kkZn gS fd tgka [kqnkoUns djhe
us mEer ls ogh mEer eqjkn fy;k gS tks gt+jr bczkfgev-l- dh nqvk dk
lejk gS oks vk;rss djhek ;g gS %
dqurqe [kSj% mEefru m[kfjtr fyUukfl 4&3@110 ¼rtqZek½ % rqe D;k
gh vPNs fxjksg gks fd yksxksa dh fgnk;r ds okLrs iSnk fd;s x;s gksA vxj
;g rlyhe dj fy;k tk;s fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds ut+nhd bl vk;rs
djhek esa mEer ls reke eqlyekukus vkye eqjkn gSa vkSj og lc ds lc
,d usd fny mEer vkSj mEnk tekvr gS tks yksxksa dh fgnk;r ds fy;s
iSnk fd;s x;s gaS rks gekjh le> esa ;g ckr ugha vkrh fd fQj oks dkSu
yksx gaS\ rqe yksx ftu dehus vkSj cn [klyr yksxksa dks mEer le>rs
gks [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds ut+nhd gjfxt+ og mEers eksgEen ugha gS cfYd
mlds ut+nhd lgh ekus esa ogh vgyqy cSrs jlwyv-l- mEer gS ftuds
njfe;ku eas jlwys vdjel-v-o- ecÅl gq, FksA
lkby us beke lkfnd+v-l- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd bldk
eryc rks ;g gqvk fd gt+jr vyhv-l- vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds lkFk ,d mEer
gS vkSj dksbZ ugha\ lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,slk ugha gS
cfYd veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- ds lkFk l¸;nk vkye Qkfrek t+sgjkvl
vkSj beke gluv-l o beke gqlSuv-l Hkh gaSA ;g oks vgyqy cSr&,&jlwyvl-
74
gS ftuls ijojfnxkjs vkye us reke ukikfd;ksa dks nwj dj fn;k gS vkSj
;gh oks vgys fdlkv ¼pknj½ gSa ftudh bLer o rgkjr ij dqjvku
xokg gaS vkSj ,s lkby vxj vyhv-l rUgk ,d mEer gSa rks mlesa
rvkTtqc dh D;k ckr gS tcfd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- rUgk ,d mEer FksA
blds vykok gt+jr bczkfgev-l- Hkh rUgk ,d mEer FksA pqukaps b”kkZns
ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
bUu% bczkghe% dku% mEeru dkfurUy fyYykfg guhQk 14&16@120
rtqZek % blesa “kd gh ugha fd bczkfgev-l- ,d mEer ¼;kfu yksxksa ds½
iS”kok [kqnk ds Qjekacjnkj cUns vkSj ckfry ls drjkdj pyus okys FksA
ns[kk rqeus fd bl vk;r ls ;g lkfcr gks x;k fd gt+jr
bczkfgev-l- rUgk ,d mEer FksA tc vki cM+h mez ds gks pqds rks gt+jr
bLekbZyv-l o blgkdv-l ds t+fj;s vkidh iq”r iukgh dh xbZ vkSj
ijojfnxkjs vkye us bu nksuksa dh vkSykn esa fdrkc o ucqOor dks tkjh
Qjek;k Bhd blh rjg [kreqy erZcrl-v-o- Hkh rUgk ,d mEer FksA fQj
vkidks [kqnkoUns rvkyk us veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- ds t+fj;s dljr
c[“kh tSlk fd ijojfnxkj vkye us gt+jr bczkfgev-l- ds nk;js dks
gt+jr bLekbZyv-l- o bLgkd+v-l- ds tfj;s olhv Qjek;k Fkk vkSj blh
rjg ijojfnxkjs vkye us eulcs beker dks tks ucqOor ds ckn dk ntkZ
gS vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds t+qfjZ;rs rkfgjk ;kfu vkSykns beke gqlSu fcu vyhvl-
esa tkjh Qjek;k ftl rjg ls fd mlus eulcs ucqOor dks vkSykns
blgkd+v-l esa tkjh Qjek dj vkSykns bLekbZyv-l- ij [kRe dj fn;k FkkA
t+qfjZ;rs jlwyl-v-o- esa eulcs beker ds eqLrgd+ beke glu fcu
vyhv-l- lckdr dh otg ls gq, D;ksafd lckd+r ds eqRrkfyd ckjh
rvkyk dk ;g b”kkZn gS fd %
oLlkfcdwuLlkfcdwu 0 mykbdy eqd+jZcwu 0 27&56@10&11 rtqZek %
lcd+r ys tkus okys gh lcd+r ys tkus okys gSa vkSj ogh yksx T+;knk
eqd+jZc gSa tks fd beke gluv-l- gj fygkt+ ls beke gqlSuv-l- ij Qkbd+
o cM+rj Fks blfy;s vki lcls igys eulcs beker ds eqLrgd+ gq,A vkSj
75
fQj vkids ckn eulcs beker vkSykns beke gqlSuv-l- esa blh rjg
eqUrfd+y gks xbZ ftl rjg ls fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us ucqOor dks
vkSykns blgkdv-l- ls vkSykn bLekbZyv-l- dh rjQ eqUrfd+y Qjek;k FkkA
il ;g ,d gd+hd+r gS fd vbEek vgyscSrv-l- gh ij mEer gksus dk
bfRrQkd+ gS vkSj bl ckr ij Hkh mEers eqfLyek dk btekv gS fd eulcs
beker vkys eksgEenv-l- eas tkjh gS vkSj rk d+;ker tkjh jgsxk vkSj
mEer dk ;g btekv ,slk csfelky gS fd elvyk beker esa vbEek
vgyscSrv-l- ds flok bl mEers eqfLyek ds fdlh Hkh “k[l ij ,slk
btekv rkjh[ks bLyke ds lQgkr esa ekStwn ugh gSA
flyflyk, beker esa ;g ,d vge loky iSnk gksrk gS fd vxj
dksbZ iqNs fd bl ckr dk D;k lqcwr gS fd vYykg rvkyk us eulcs
beker dks vkSykns beke gluv-l- ls vkSykns beke gqlSuv-l- dh rjQ
eqUrfd+y dj fn;k gS\ ,sls “k[l dks gekjk ;g tokc gS fd eulcs
beker dks uLys gqlSuv-l- esa [kqn fdrkcs bykgh ;kfu dqjvkus gdhe us
eqUrfd+y dj fn;k gS vxj oks fQj iwN cSBsa fd dSls eqefdu gS\ tcfd
eulcs beker dk bLrsgd+kd+ ¼gd+½ lckd+r o fy;kd+r vkSj xqukg
dckbj ¼cM+s xqukgksa½ ls ikfdt+k gksus ij ekSdwQ gSA blds vykok veyh
fy;kd+r Hkh gksuh pkfg;s rks ,sls “k[l dks gekjk ;g tokc gS fd beke
dks bu reke ckrksa dk bYe gksuk pkfg;s ftudh beker dks t+:jr gS
tSls gjke o gyky ds elkby vkSj dqjvkus gdhe dk [kkl o vke bYe
t+kfgj o ckfru] eksgde o eqr”kkfcgk] ukfl[k o nd+kbd+ o x+jkbc
rkohykr dk bYe! lkby us vtZ+ fd;k fd bl ckjs esa D;k gqTtr o
nyhy gS fd vkius ftu mywe dk rt+fdjk fd;k gS mu reke ls beke
okfdQ gh gksrk gS\
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd dqjvkus gdhe esa [kqnkoUns
rvkyk us bu vQjkn ds eqRrkfyd+ b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd ftudks
gqdejkuh djus dh btkt+r nh gS vkSj gqdwer djus dk vgy d+jkj fn;k
gSA b”kkZns ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
76
bUuk vUt+yur rksjkr% Qhgk gqnUo o uw:u ;gdqeks fcgu&uch¸;wuy
yt+hu% vlyew fyYyt+hu% gknw o jCckuh¸;wu% oy vgckjks 6&5@44
rtqZek % cs”kd geus rkSjkr dks ukft+y fd;k gS ftlesa fgnk;r vkSj uwj
gS oks vfEc;k&,&fdjke tks vYykg rvkyk ds eqrhv Fks oks bl fdrkc
ls ;gwfn;ksa ds fy;s QSlys fd;k djrs Fks bl rjg ls vgyqYykg vkSj
myekv HkhA il bl vk;rs djhek esa ^jCckuh¸;wu%** ls vbEek rkfgjhuvl-
eqjkn gaS tks vkfEc;k&,&fdjke ls de ntkZ j[krs gSa vkSj vius mywe o
eqvkfjQ ls yksxksa dh rjfc;r djrs gSa] jgs vgckj rks oks vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- ls de ntkZ j[krs gSa muls nqvkr fdjke eqjkn gaSA blds ckn
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us cryk fn;k fd %
fcel rqgfQt+w feu fdrkfcYykfg o dkuw vySfg “kqg%nkv% 6&5@44
rtqZek % c otg blds fd mudks bl fdrkcYykg dh fgQkt+r dk gqDe
fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj og blh ij xokg FksA ns[kk vkius fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk
us ,slk ugha Qjek;k fd og c otg tgkyr ds QSlys fd;k djrs FksA
blds vykok ;g Hkh rks b”kkZns ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
gy ;lrfoy yt+hu% ;vyewu% oy ythu% yk ;vyewu% bUuek ;rt+Ddjks
myqy vyckc 23&39@9 rtqZek % D;k oks yksx tks tkurs gS vkSj ugha
tkurs nksuks cjkcj gS cs”kd vd+yean yksx gh ulhgr ysrs gSaA vkSj
[kqnkoUns rvkyk dk ;g Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
cy gqo% vk;krqe cf¸;ukrqu Qh lqnwfjy yt+hu% Årqy bYe 21&29@49
rtqZek % cfYd oks vk;ras mu yksxksa ds lhus eas jks”ku gSa ftudks bYe vrk
fd;k x;k gSA vkSj b”kkZns ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
oek ;vfd+yqgk bYyy vkfyewu 20&29@43 rtqZek % vkSj mu velky
¼felky½ dks bYe okys gh le>rs gSA vkSj ;g Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
77
bUuek ;[k”kYykg% feu bckfnfgy myekvks 22&35@28 rtqZek % vYykg
ds cUnksa esa flQZ myekv gh [kqnk dk [kkSQ djrs gSA vkSj b”kkZns ckjh
rvkyk gS fd %
vQeU; ;gnh byygfDd vgD+d+ks vU; ;qRrcv% vEeUYyk ;fgÌh bYyk
vU; ;qgnk Qek ydqe dSQ% rgdqewu 11&10@35 rtqZek % rks D;k oks
“k[l tks vezs gd+ dk jkLrk crykrk gS oks T+;knk bfRrckv ¼iSjoh½ ds
yk;d+ gS ;k oks “k[l ftldks cs cryk;s [kqn gh jkLrk u lw>s rks rqedks
D;k gks x;k gS rqe dSlh rtoht+sa vkSj QSlys djrs gksA
;g oks jks”ku nyhysa gSa ftuls lkfcr gksrk gS fd vbEek rkfgjhuvl-
reke mywe vkSj evkfjQ ls okfd+Q gksrs gaS rkfd yksx muds eksgrkt gksa]
uk ;g fd oks gjke vkSj gyky ds elkby eas nwljksa ds eksgrkt gksaA
lkby us lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd
vki eq>s ;g crkb;s fd beker fdl rjg ls vkSykns beke gluv-l- ls
fudy dj vkSykns beke gqlSuv-l- esa tkjh gqbZ vkSj bl ckjs esa vkids ikl
D;k&D;k nykby gSa\ beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- us Qjek;k fd lquks!
dqjvkus gdhe esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuek ;qjhnqYykgks fy;qt+fgc% vudqeqj fjtl% vgyy cSfr o ;qrgfgj%dqe
rrghjk 22&33@33 rtqZek % [kqnkoUns rvkyk rks Qd+r ;g pkgrk gS fd
oks vgyscSrv-l- ls gj fd+Le dh ukikdh dks nwj j[ks vkSj rqedks ikd dj
ns tks ikd djus dk gd+ gSA ;g vk;rs djhek ikap vQjkn ds ckjs esa
ukft+y gqbZ gSa vkSj bl ckr dh “kkfgn gS fd bu ikap vQjkn us
xSj&vYykg dh ijfLr”k ugha dh gS vkSj f“kdZ o cqr ijLrh ls ges”kk
ikd jgs gaSA bu ikap vQjkn dh rgkjr vkSj ikdht+xh dh cqfu;kn
gt+jr bczkfgev-l- dh bl nqvk ij gS vkius viuh vkSykn ds ckjs esa ;g
nqvk dh Fkh fd
78
otuqcuh o cfu¸;% vu uvcqny vluke 13&14@35 rtqZek % ,s
ijojfnxkj ! rq eq>s vkSj esjh vkSykn dks cqr ijLrh ls nwj j[kA pqukaps
oks ikap vQjkn ftuds ckjs esa gt+jr bczkfgev-l- us nqvk dh Fkh vkSj
ftuds ckjs esa vk;rs rrghj ukft+y gqbZ tqfjZ;rs bczkfgevl ls gSa vkSj og
ik¡p vQjkn jlwys vdjel-v-o ]veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyh eqrZtkv-l]
l¸;nk&,&vkye Qkfrek t+sgjkv-l-] gt+jr beke gluv-l- o gt+jr
beke gqlSuv-l- gSaA
[kkrwus tUur Qkfrerqt+&t+sgjkv-l- bu enksZa ds lkFk rrghj esa
ge iYyk vkSj cjkcj dh “kjhd Fkh exj vkidks beker esa dksbZ ntkZ
gkfly u Fkk ctqt+ ¼flok;½ blds fd vki vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dh eknjs
fxjkeh Fkh vkSj jlwys vdjel-v-o- ds folky ds ckn eulcs f[kykQr o
beker ds lcls cM+s gdnkj gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh;qy&eqrZt+kvl-
gq, D;ksafd [kqnk dk ;g b”kkZn gS fd %
oLlkfcdwuLlkfcdwu 0 mykbdy eqdjZcwu 0 27&56@10&11 rtqZek %
lcd+r ys tkus okys gh lcd+r ys tkus okys gSa vkSj ogh yksx T+;knk
eqd+jZc gSaA vkSj vkids ckn beke gluv-l- vkSj beke gqlSuv-l- elun
beker ij tyok vQjkst+ gq, D;ksafd mu nksuksa dh beker dh rLnhd+
[kqn jlwys vdjel-v-o ds bl b”kkZns fxjkeh ls gksrh gS fd gluv-l- vkSj
gqlSuv-l- nksuksa bekes cj gd+ gaS pkgs oks d+;ke djsa ;k d+Ån djsa ¼;kfu
t+kfgj esa mudh beker d+k;e gks ;k u gks½A vycÙkk bu nksuksa ds finj
cqt+qZxokj vyh eqrZt+kv-l- nksuksa ls vQt+y gSaA
blds vykok gt+jr gluSuv-l- ds eqrkfYyd+ jlwys vdjel-v-o dk
;g b”kkZn fxjkeh gS fd gluv-l- vkSj gqlSuv-l- tokukus vgys tUur ds
ljnkj gaSA yhft;s bl gnhl ls Hkh nksuks gt+jkr dh l;knr lkfcr gksrh
gSA
vc c&,rckjs lckd+r ns[kk tk;s rks vyh eqrZt+kv-l- gluSu ls
beker ds T+;knk gd+nkj Fks D;ksafd vki lkfcd+ Fks pqukpas vki jlwys
vdjel-v-o ds ckn eluns f[kykQr o beker ij lcls igys tyok
79
vQjkst+ gq, fQj vkids bfUrd+ky ds ckn beke gluvl lckd+r dh
otg ls beke gqlSuv-l- ls T+;knk beker ds eqLrgd+ Fks vkSj vOofy;r
vkSj vQt+fy;r [kqnk ds bl b”kkZn ls Hkh lkfcr gS fd tks lkfcd+ gS oks
lkfcd+ gh jgrs gS il beke gluv-l- ds ckn vki gh eulcs beker ij
Qkbt+ gq, tc beke gluv-l- ds bfUrd+ky dk oDr djhc gqvk rks vkids
fy;s ;g jok u gqvk fd rrghj esa vius ge feLy HkkbZ beke gqlSuv-l-
ds gksrs gq, eulcs beker vki viuh vkSykn dks lqiqZn dj nsa D;ksafd
beke gqlSuv-l- ge feLy vkSj lkfcd+ gksus dh otg ls beke gluv-l- dh
vkSykn ij Qt+hyr j[krs FksA blfy;s beke gluv-l- ds ckn eluns
beker ij beke gqlSuv-l- tyok vQjkst+ gq, vkSj tc vkids bfUrd+ky
dk oDr djhc gqvk rks fdlh rjg ls ;g jok u gqvk fd vki viuh
vkSykn dks NksM+dj vius HkkbZ beke gluv-l- dh vkSykn dks beker dk
eulc okil ykSVk nsaA D;ksafd vkids is”k ut+j [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk ;g
b”kkZn Fkk fd %
o myqy vjgkfe cvnqgqe vksyk fc cvfnu Qh fdrkfcYykg 10&8@75
rtqZek % vkSj tks yksx fj”rsnkj gSa oks [kqnk dh fdrkc esa ,d nwljs ls
T+;knk gd+nkj gSaA bl gqDes bykgh ds eqrkfcd+ beke gqlSuv-l- dh vkSykn
c&,rckjs fj”rk vkids HkkbZ beke gluv-l- dh vkSykn ls T+;knk vd+jc
o Åyk gS blfy;s eulcs beker dh T+;knk gd+nkj beke gqlSuv-l- gh
dh vkSykn Fkh il ,s lkby! vk;rs et+dwjk ckyk us gh vkSykns beke
gluvl dks eulcs beker ls [kkfjt dj fn;k gS vkSj bldk eqLrgd+
vkSykns beke gqlSuv-l- dks d+jkj fn;k gS pqukpsa beker beke gqlSuv-l- gh
dh uLy esa tkjh gS vkSj rk d+;ker tkjh jgsxhA reke rkjhQas vYykg
ds fy;s gSA
vbEek vkys eksgEenvbEek vkys eksgEenvbEek vkys eksgEenvbEek vkys eksgEenvbEek vkys eksgEenv-l-v-l-v-l-v-l-v-l- ij ul o rkSQhd+ dk c;ku ij ul o rkSQhd+ dk c;ku ij ul o rkSQhd+ dk c;ku ij ul o rkSQhd+ dk c;ku ij ul o rkSQhd+ dk c;ku
vxj ge vkys eksgEenv-l- esa ls tks beke gq, gaS mu ij ul
ljhg ds ckjs eas reke jks”ku nyhysa d+yecan djsa vkSj ul ds eq[kkfyQhu
80
ij gqTtr d+kbe djsa rks ;g ekst+wv&,&cgl gekjh bl fdrkc dh
xqatkb”k ls ckgj gks tk;sxkA bl ekStw+v ij rks ,d vyx fdrkc fy[kus
dh t+:jr gSA
Qkfreh [kyhQk gt+jr beke ealwj fcYykgv-l- us elvyk beker
ij ,d tkesv vkSj eqQfLly fdrkc fy[kh gS ftlesa mUgksaus beker ds
vxjkt+ o ed+kfln ekuh o erkfyc] gqTtr o jks”ku nyhyksa ij dkQh
jks”kuh Mkyh gSa D;ksafd geus viuh bl fdrkc ds vkxkt+ esa ;g “krZ yxk
j[kh gS fd ge reke t+:jh vkSj vge elkby ij [kqykls ds lkFk xq¶rxq
djsaxs blfy;s elvys beker ij Hkh gekjk eq[rflj cgl djuk gekjs
fy;s vkSj Hkh t+:jh gks x;k gSA
el~vys bekerel~vys bekerel~vys bekerel~vys bekerel~vys beker
beker ds eqrkfYyd+ yksxksa dh eq[krfyQ jk; gSaA voke dk [;ky
gS fd mUgsa [kqn c [kqn pqu ysus dk b[kfr;kj gkfly gS og vius bl
vd+hns ds lqcwr esa ;g nyhysa is”k djrs gSa fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds folky
ds ckn lgkck&,&fdjke us ,d “k[l dks viuk is”kok eqUrf[kc dj
fy;k Fkk ysfdu ;g yksx ,sls “k[l dks ftldks og viuk is”kok cuk;s
fdu&fdu flQkr dk gkfey gksuk pkfg;s vkSj ;g fd flQZ mldks rUgk
fdl otg ls beker dk eqLrgd+ djkj fn;k tk;s bl ckjs esa “knhn
bf[rykQ j[krs gaSA
voke bl ckr dk lkQ badkj djrs gaS fd iSx+Ecjs bLyke eksgEen
jlwyYykglvo us viuh ft+Unxh ds vkf[kjh yegkr rd fdlh ,sls “k[l
dk uke t++kfgj fd;k gks tks vkids ckn eulcs beker ds Qjkbt+ vatke
ns ldsA voke ds ,d rcd+s dk ;g Hkh [;ky gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o us
,sls “k[l dh rjQ flQZ b”kkjk Qjek;k Fkk mldk uke ugha crk;k FkkA
oks dgrs gaS fd ftldh rjQ jlwys vdjel-v-o us b”kkjk Qjek;k Fkk og
gt+jr vcwcØ gaSA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us mudks uekt+ i<+kus ds fy;s vkxs dj fn;k Fkk
pwafd uekt+ dk rkvYyqd+ t+dkr ls cgqr gh xgjk gS fygkt+k ;g okftc
81
gks x;k fd t+dkr Hkh mlh “k[l dks nh tk;s ftldks uekt+ i<+kus ds
fy;s eqd+n~ne fd;k x;k gSA ;g vke eqlyekuksa dk [;ky gS oks rks ;gka
rd dgrs gSa fd okyh ¼;kfu beke½ pkgs gC”kh gh D;ksa u gks mldh gj
gky esa brkvr okftc gS blds f[kykQ cx+kor djuk tkbt+ ugha gSA
[okg xqukgksa dk bjfrdkc gh D;ksa u djrk gks!
fQjd++k ejft;k dk vd+hnk gS fd yksxksa ij ;g okftc gS fd oks
fdlh ,sls “k[l dks viuk beke cuk yas tks lkfgcs bYe o Qt+y gks og
,sls “k[l dh ryk”k esa viuh jk; vkSj vDy o nkfu”k ls dke ysa vkSj
ftldks viuk beke cuk ysa ml ij okftc gS fd oks yksxksa ds njfe;ku
[kqnk dh fdrkc dqjvku vkSj jlwys [kqnkl-v-o dh lqUurksa ds eqrkfcd+
vgdke tkjh djs vkSj ftl el~vys dk gy [kqnk dh fdrkc vkSj jlwys
ed+cwylvo dh lqUur esa u feys rks fQj blesa viuh jk; ls dke ys] og
;g Hkh dgrs fd bl beke dh brkvr ml oDr rd okftc gS tc rd
og [kqnk dh brkvr ij [kqn ykft+e jgs vkSj tc [kqnk dh uk Qjekuh
vkSj vl;ku ¼x+yrh½ ij mrj vk;s rks yksxksa ij mldh brkvr okftc
ugha gS mudks pkfg;s fd oks ,sls “k[l dks eluns beker ls mrkj ns vkSj
bldh txg dksbZ nwljk beke eqUrf[kc dj ysaA
fQjd+k eksvrft+yk ;g dgrk gS fd jlwyYykgl-v-o us uk rks fdlh
“k[l dh rjQ b”kkjk Qjek;k gS u fdlh “k[l dks crkSj beke uket+n
fd;k gS vycÙkk vkius yksxksa dks bl ckr dk bf[r;kj fn;k gS fd oks
vkids ckn fdlh “k[l dks viuk beke cuk ysa pqukpas voke us gt+jr
vcw cØ dks jlwys edcwyl-v-o dh oQkr ds ckn viuk beke equrf[kc
dj fy;kA
[okfjt dgrs gSa fd gesa uk bldk bYe gS uk ge rd ;g [kcj
igq¡ph gS fd vk;ka jlwys vdjel-v-o us eulcs beker ds eqrkfYyd+ dksbZ
gqDe lkfnj Qjek;k gS fd ugha! vkSj fdlh “k[l dh rjQ b”kkjk Hkh
fd;k gS ;k ugha! vycÙkk ge bl ckr ds d+kby gaS fd ,d beke t+:j
gksuk pkfg;s tks cUnxkus [kqnk ds njfe;ku vgdkesa bykgh dks tkjh djs
fygkt+k bl t+:jr ds is”k ut+j gesa [kqn viuk beke eqUrf[kc dj ysuk
pkfg;sA
lS;nuk dkft+y uksvekuj-v- Qjekrs gSa fd ge [kqnk dh rkSQhd+
o fgnk;r ls ;g ckr mu yksxksa ls dgrs gSa ftu yksxksa dk ;g xqeku gS
82
fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o us vius ckn fdlh “k[l dks viuh mEer dk beke
eqd+jZj ugha Qjek;k gS ¼;g vd+hnk ejft;k] eksvrft+yk o [okfjt dk
gS½A
rqEgkjs bl ljhg bUdkj dks d+cwy dj ysuk gekjs vkSj [kqn rqEgkjs
ut+nhd fdlh gkyr esa tkbt+ ugha gS D;ksafd vke eqlyekuksa dk bl
ckr ij iwjk bÙksQkd+ gS fd ,slk “k[l tks [kqn fdlh okfdvk ds oqtwn
dk equfdj gks og fdlh lwjr esa xokg cuus ds yk;d+ ugha gS xokg rks
ogh “k[l gks ldrk gS tks okfd+vk dks lkfcr djrk gks vkSj ;g dgrk
gks fd mlus bldk ct+krs [kqn eq”kkfgnk fd;k gS Bhd blh rjg rqe yksx
bldk iwjs rkSj ls badkj djrs gks fd jlwys vdjel-v-o us vius ckn fdlh
“k[l dks viuh mEer dk [kyhQk ;k beke ugha cuk;k gS rks xks;k rqeus
;g dgdj oqtwns beke dk bUdkj dj fn;k vkSj rqeus ml pht+ dh uQh
dh ftldks rqe uk ilan djrs gksA vc jgk oks “k[l tks beker ds oqtwn
dk d+kby gS rks og T+;knk gd+nkj gS bl ckr dk fd mldh “kgknr
d+cwy dh tk;s vkSj T+;knk okftc gS fd ogh “k[l rqeesa ls xokg gks
D;ksafd rqe vkSj reke mEer dk ,sls nks “k[lksa ds eqrkfYyd+ iwjk bÙksQkd+
gS fd buesa ls vxj ,d ;g dgs fd eSus Qyka “k[l dks ,slk dgrs gq,
lquk gS ;k ,slk djrs gq, ns[kk gS vkSj nwljk mlds cjvDl ¼f[kykQ½ ;g
dgs fd eaSus Qyka “k[l dk uk rks ,slk dgrs gq, lquk gS vkSj u ,slk
djrs gq, ns[kk gS rks bu nksuksa esa ls ftlus lquk ;k ns[kk gS mlh “k[l
dh “kgknr d+cwy dh tk;sxh vkSj ftlus uk rks lquk gS uk ns[kk gS og
fdlh lwjr esa xokg cuus ds d+kfcy ugha gS vkSj bldk flQZ bUdkj dj
nsuk bruk dkQh ugha gS fd ml “k[l dh ckr dks Vky fn;k tk;s tks
dgrk gS fd eSaus [kqn lquk vkSj ns[kk gSA
ge c;ku dj pqds gSa fd jlwys vdjel-v-o us ed+kes x+nhjs&[kqe esa
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch rkfycv-l- dh oyk;r dk cj&ljs
eykv ¼[kqye [kqYyk½ vkerkSj ls ,syku dj fn;k Fkk bl okfd+, dks rqe
Hkh c;ku djrs gksA ;g lcls T+;knk rkdhnh cSvr ¼ehlkd+½ Fkh vkSj geus
beker ds lqcwr esa ftrus Hkh nykby is”k fd;s gSa muesa lcls T+;knk
et+cwr vkSj eksgde lqcwr ;gh cSvrs x+nhjs [kqe gSA ;gka geus rohy
cglks esa uk my>rs gq, b[kfrlkj ls dke fy;k gS vkSj egt+ ot+kgr ij
bdfrQk fd;k gSa vxj ;g eku fy;k tk;s fd rqEgkjs [;ky ds eqrkfcd+
83
beke o [kyhQk dk bufr[kkc yksxksa ds b[kfr;kj esa gS rks jlwys
vdjelvo vke eqlyekuksa dks tek djds mudks ;g gqDe lquk nsrs fd
rqe yksx esjs ckn ftldks pkgks viuk beke o [kyhQk cuk yks gkykafd
;g uk eqefdu lh ckr gS fd yksx ,d “k[l ds bufr[kkc ij dqfYy;ru
¼iwjs rkSj ls½ jkt+h gks D;ksafd muesa gj ,d viuh vyx jk; j[krk gS vkSj
fQj vdlj yksxksa esa cqx+t+ o gln Hkh rks gksrk gSA vxj beke dk
bufr[kkc eku fy;k tk;s fd yksxksa ds ,d “k[l ij bÙksQkd+ gh dj ysus
ls gksuk pkfg;s rks ckoj dhft;s ¼;kfu eku yhft;s½ fd yksx dHkh&Hkh
,d “k[l dks viuk beke o [kyhQk cukus ij eqRrfQd+ ugha gks ldrs
bldk lqcwr ;g gS fd enhuk equOojk esa tks lgkck&,&fdjke ekStwn Fks
og gt+jr vcwcØ dh cSvr ij eqÙkfQd+ ugha gq, FksA valkj us ;g
dgdj fd ¼vehj geesa ls gksuk pkfg;s½ gt+jr vcwcØ dh cSvr ls badkj
dj fn;k FkkA muds vykok jlwys [kqnkl-v-o ds vdkfcj ¼djhc okys] Js’B
iq:’k½ vlgkcs fdjke us gt+jr vcwcØ dh cSvr ugha dh Fkh vkSj tks
eqlyeku nwljs “kgjksa esa vkckn Fks mudh rks ckr gh tkus nks blds tokc
esa rqe vxj ;g nyhy is”k djks fd bt+gkjs jk; vkSj vezs f[kykQr dk
blrsgd+kd+ ,d gh d+kSe dks gkfly gS nwljs “kgj vkSj d+chys okyksa dks
ugh rks blds lqcwr esa rqe [kqnk dh fdrkc vkSj jlwyYykgl-v-o dh lqUur
ls crkSj nyhy o gqTtr dksbZ felky is”k djks\ ysfdu gesa tgka rd
ekywe gS rqe gjfxt+ dksbZ ,slh nyhy is”k ugha dj ldrs vkSj vxj
rqEgkjs dgus ds eqrkfcd+ ;g rlyhe dj fy;k tk;s fd beke o [kyhQk
d+kSe gh equrf[kc djs rks bldk eryc ;g gqvk fd ,sls beke dks yksxksa
dk rkcsv Qjeku gksuk pkfg;s og ml oDr rd fdlh pht+ dk ekfyd
o eq[krkj u gksxk tc rd fd yksx mldks ekfyd o eq[krkj u cuk;sa
bl ut+jh;s ds eqrkfcd+ rks xks;k beke dks equrf[kc djus okys [kqn
beke gSa vkSj mUgksaus ftldks viuk beke cuk;k gS og muds vkfeyksa
¼dkjdquks½ esa ls ,d vkfey ¼;kfu dkjdqu½ gS dkj ijokt+ gS og tc
pkgs vius [kqn lk[krk beke dks ekvt+wy ¼csn[ky½ dj ldrs gSa tSlk
fd ejft;k fQjd+k bl ckr dk d+kby gS fd vxj beke xqukgksa dk
bjfrdkc djs rks mldks ekvt+wy dj nsuk pkfg;s bl vd+hns dk Qlkn
bruk okt+sg gS fd bl ij vkSj T+;knk jks”kuh Mkyus dh dqN t+:jr ugha
gSA
84
vke eqlyekuksa dk ;g dguk fd og ,slk dke djrs gSa ftldk
gqDe u jlwys [kqnkl-v-o us fn;k gS u [kqn vkius bl dke dks fd;k gS
xks;k og ^^fcnvr** djus dk bd+jkj djrs gaS voke bl ckr dk Hkh
bd+jkj djrs gSa fd beker nhu&,&[kqnk dk ,d fgLlk gS vkSj [kqnkoUns
rvkyk us viuh fdrkc esa ;g okts+g dj fn;k gS fd mlus vius nhu dks
eqdEey dj fn;k gS vkSj ge blls igys ;g crk pwds gS fd [kqnk dk
nhu ml oDr eqdEey gqvk Fkk tcfd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us ¼xnhj&,&[kqe
esa½ veh:y eqvfeuhuvl dh oyk;r dk ,syku dj fn;k Fkk ysfdu gekjh
le> esa ;g ugha vkrk fd vke eqlyeku bl ckr dk fdl rjg bd+jkj
djrs gSa fd [kqnk us vius nhu dks dkfey dj fn;k gS tcfd muds
ut+nhd vYykg rvkyk us vesz beker ds ckjs esa dksbZ ot+kgr ugh dh
gS gkykafd [kqn muds bd+jkj ds eqrkfcd+ beker nhus bykgh dk ,d
fgLlk gSA D;k ,slk gS fd [kqnk us rks ;g Qjek fn;k fd mlus vius nhu
dks dkfey cuk fn;k gS ysfdu mlus [kqn vius nhu dks dkfey ugh
fd;k cfYd yksxks us mlds nhu dks dkfey cuk;k gS ;k fQj [kqnk
rvkyk us ftl vez dh ot+kgr Qt+Z dh Fkh mldh vnkbxh ls jlwys
vdjel-v-o- vkftt+ o d+kflj jgs vkSj yksxks us bldh ot+kgr dh\ voke
dk ;g fugk;r cnrjhu vd+hnk gS vkSj [kqnk o jlwyl-v-o- ds lkFk ,d
cgqr cM+h tlkjr ¼tqjZr½ gSA
ge mu yksxksa ls dgrs gaS ftudk ;g xqeku gS fd jlwys
vdjelvo- us gt+jr vcw cØ dh rjQ b”kkjk Qjek;k Fkk blfy;s mUgksus
¼vke eqlyekuks us½ gt+jr vcw cØ gh dks viuk [kyhQk vkSj beke cuk
fn;k gkykafd rqe vke eqlyeku bl ckr dk Hkh bd+jkj djrs gks fd
beker nhus [kqnk dk ,d fgLlk gS rks fQj ge rqels ;g nj;k¶+r djrs
gSa fd D;k [kqnk ds nhu esa t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh fdlh fd+Le dh rcnhyh djuk
tkbt+ gS \ ;d+huu rqe ;gh tokc nksxs fd ugh rks fQj muls dgk
tk;sxk fd vxj ,slk gh gS fd Qt+Z&,&beker ij vey bl rjg gks
fd beke b”kkjs ls d+kbe fd;k tk;s tSlk fd rqe dgrs gks fd vkagt+jrlvo-
us gt+jr vcw cØ dh beker dh rjQ b”kkjk Qjek;k Fkk rks fQj rqEgh
crkvksa fd gt+jr vcwcØ us gt+jr mej ds lkFk D;k fd;k\ vkSj gt+jr
mej us gt+jr mLeku ds lkFk D;k fd;k\ rks rqe ¼vke eqlyeku½ bl
loky dk ;g tokc nksaxs fd gt+jr vcw cØ us gt+jr mej ij ul dh
85
vkSj gt+jr mej us eulcs beker o f[kykQr dks N% vlgkc ds
njfe;ku e”kojk ds Hkjksls NksM+ fn;k vkSj gt+jr lqgsc dks uekt+ i<+kus
ij ekewj dj fn;kA ;g rks [kqnk ds nhu esa vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds rjt+s vey
dh ljhg eq[kkfyQr gqbZ gkykafd [kqnkoUnss rvkyk us jlwys vdjel-v-o--
dks eqdEey iSjoh vkSj bfRrckv djus dk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj vkagt+jrlvo-
dh eq[kkfyQr djus ls euk Qjek;k gS pqukaps b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
oek vkrkdqeqj jlwyks Q[kqt+wgks oek ugkdqe vugks Qurgw 28&59@7
rtqZek % gka tks rqedks jlwy ns ns og ys fy;k djks vkSj ftlls euk djs
mlls ckt+ jgksA
gt+jr vcw cØ ds rjt+s vey ls jlwyl-v-o- dh eq[kkfyQr gqbZ
rks gqbZ exj gt+jr mej us Hkh gt+jr vcw cØ ds vey ds f[kykQ fd;k
xks;k ¼, eqlyekuks½ [kqn rqEgkjs bd+jkj ds eqrkfcd+ mu nksuksa gt+jkr us
¼gt+jr vcw cØ o gt+jr mej us½ vius&vius vey ls [kqnk ds nhu esa
rx+ ;qj ¼cnyko½ iSnk fd;k vkSj gqDes [kqnk esa rcnhyh dk bjfrdkc
fd;k vkSj [kqnk ds jlwy dh eq[kkfyQr dhA vke eqlyekuksa ds vd+hns
ds eqrkfcd+ ¼og vd+hnk ;g fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us gt+jr vcw cØ dks
uekt+ i<+kus ds fy;s eqdn~ne Qjek;k Fkk blfy;s og f[kykQr o
beker ds gd+nkj gks x;s½ rks gt+jr lqgsc dks uekt+ i<+kus dh otg ls
gt+jr mLeku ls T+;knk beker o f[kykQr dk gd+nkj gksuk pkfg;s
D;ksafd gt+jr mej us mudks uekt+ i<+kus ij ekewj fd;k Fkk Bhd mlh
rjg tSlkfd ¼vke eqlyekuksa dk½ ;g xqeku gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
pwafd gt+jr vcw cØ dks uekt+ i<+kus ij ekewj fd;k Fkk blfy;s og
muds ut+nhd beker o f[kykQr ds gd+nkj gks x;s gkykafd jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- us gt+jr vcw cØ dks uekt+ i<+kus dk gqDe gh ugha fn;k Fkk
vc tks yksx bl ckr ds d+kby gSa fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us gt+jr vcw cØ
dks uekt+ i<+kus dk b”kkjk fd;k Fkk rks ge muls dgsaxs fd cjk, dje
rqe bl nyhy dks u is”k djks D;ksafd rqEgkjs ut+nhd rks gj usd o cn
ds ihNs uekt+ i<++uk tkbt+ gS vkSj blds lqcwr esa rqe cgqr ls ofd+vkr
is”k djds vius eq[kkfyQhu ij nyhy o gqTtr d+kbe djrs gks gkykafd
rqe [kqn bl ckr dk Hkh bd+jkj dj jgs gks fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us xt+o,s
86
t+krqy lykfly ds ekSd+s ij tc mej fcu vkl dks d+kbn vkSj vkfey
eqdjZj Qjek;k Fkk ml oDr mej fcu vkl ds lkFk gt+jr vcw cØ vkSj
gt+jr mej Hkh Fks mej fcu vkl mu nksuksa gt+jkr dks vkSj nwljs yksxksa
dks uekt+ i<+krs Fks vkSj ;g nksuksa gt+jkr mej fcu vkl ds >aMs ds uhps
¼;kfu ekrgr½ Fks lkFk gh lkFk rqe yksx ¼vke eqlyeku½ bl ckr dk Hkh
bd+jkj djrs gks fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch
rkfycv-l- ij dHkh Hkh fdlh “k[l dks crkSj vkfey o d+kbn eqd+jZj ugh
Qjek;k Fkk vkSj u vkidks fdlh vkSj ds ihNs uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe fn;k
FkkA rqe yksx gt+jr vcwcØ ds ftl uekt+ i<+kus dk rt+fdjk djrs gks
fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us mUgsa uekt+ i<+kus dk gqDe fn;k Fkk bl uekt+ esa
tukc veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- “kjhd ugha gq, FksA cfYd tSlk rqe dgrs gks
fd vki jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds gejkg Fks vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds lkFk uekt+
i<+h Fkh rks rqEgkjs gh nkos ds eqrkfcd+ veh:y eqfeuhu vyh fcu vch
rkfycv-l- bl “k[l ls T+;knk vQt+y gq, ftldks rqe us eqd+n~ne fd;k
gS blh rjg rqe bl ckr dk Hkh bd+jkj djrs gks fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
mlkek fcu t+Sn dks gt+jr vcwcØ vkSj gt+jr mej ij vkfej cuk;k Fkk
vkSj ;g nksuksa gt+jkr vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh oQkr rd mlkek fcu t+Sn ds
ekrgr jgs vkSj og uekt+ esa gt+jr vcwcØ vkSj gt+jr mej ds beke
vkSj vehj Fks vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- us viuh vkf[kjh olh;r esa ;g Qjek
fn;k Fkk fd y”djs mlkek dks eqfge ij jokuk dj fn;k tk;s tks “k[l
bl y”dj esa “kkfey u gksxk ml ij [kqnk dh ykvur gSA pqukpas gt+jr
mlkek viuh eqfge ij tk pqds Fks ysfdu ihNs jg tkus okyksa esa ;g nksuks
gt+jkr Hkh FksA fygkt+k rqEgkjs dgus ds eqrkfcd+ mlkek fcu tSn vkSj
mej fcu vkl ;g nksuksa gt+jr vcwcØ vkSj gt+jr mej ls T+;knk
beker ds gd+nkj gq, D;ksafd mlkek vkSj mej fcu vkl nksuksa uekt+ ls
gt+jr vcwcØ vkSj gt+jr mej ds beke FksA rqe vke eqlyeku bl ckr
dk Hkh bd+jkj djrs gks fd gt+jr mej us tc eulcs beker dks N%
vlgkc ds njfe;ku e”kojk ij NksM+ fn;k vkSj lqgsc dks uekt+ i<+kus ij
ekewj dj fn;k fQj Hkh lqgsc rqEgkjs ut+nhd f[kykQr o beker ds
gd+nkj u gq, lkFk gh gt+jr vcw cØ ds ftl uekt+ i<+kus dk rqe nkok
djrs gks og rqEgkjh mu [kcjksa vkSj fjok;rksa ds bf[yrkQ dh otg ls
lkfcr ugh ftu dks rqe gt+jr vkb”kk fcUrs vcw cØ dh rjQ eulwc
87
djds is”k djrs gks vkSj rqe ;g Hkh dgrs gks fd ftl “k[l ds eqrkfYyd+
fdlh ,d gnhl esa Hkh bf[rykQ okds+v gks tk;s rks xks;k og ,slk gS
ftlls dksbZ gnhl gh ud+y ugha dh xbZ gSA vkSj tc rqe veh:y
eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vcw rkfycv-l- ds fy;s l¸;nk&,&vkye ftxj
xks”kk&,&jlwy gt+jr Qkfrek t+sgjkv-l- dh “kgknr uk eatwj djrs gks rks
fQj D;ksa dj rqe tukc vkb”kk dh “kgknr dks muds okfyn gt+jr vcw
cØ ds fy;s tkbt+ le>rs gks\ tcfd uekt+ i<+kus dh ckcr gt+jr
vkb”kk ds vykok fdlh vkSj ls lkfcr ugha gS vkSj tc jlwys vdjel-v-
o- dks bl ckr dk bYe gqvk fd ¼gt+jr vcw cØ uekt+ i<+k jgs gS½ rks
vki cs;rqy “kjQ ls ckgj r”kjhQ yk;s ml oDr yksxksa us gt+jr vcw
cØ dks ihNs gVk fn;k vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- us [kqn uekt+ i<+kbZ gSA
fQjd+k, ejft;k dk ;g dguk fd yksx [kqn gh beke equrf[kc
dj ys exj tc og tqYe o tksj ls is”k vk;as rks mldks cjrjQ dj nsuk
pkfg;s og vius vd+hns dh : ls bl ckr ds T+;knk gd+nkj vkSj vgy
gSa fd [kqn gh beke cu cSBas tcfd bUgsa fdlh dks okyh vkSj beke eqd+jZj
djus dk b[kfr;kj gS rks bldks ekvt+wy djus dk bf[r;kj Hkh bUgha dks
gkfly gS bl d+kSy ij dksbZ ,frckj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS geus blls
d+Cy bl vdhns dk Qlkn okts+g y¶t+ks esa c;ku dj fn;k gSA
vkSj fQjd+k, eksvrft+yk dk ;g dguk fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- og
rjt+s vey tks vkius ed+kesa x+nhjs [kqe esa tukc vehjv-l- ds eqrkfYyd+
bf[r;kj fd;k Fkk ;kfu vkius tukc vehjv-l- dh oyk;r vkSj f[kykQr
o beker ds flyflys esa tks ,syku Qjek;k Fkk mldk rt+fdjk dj
fn;k gS vkSj ftu yksxksa dk ;g xqeku gS fd beke dk bfUr[kkc muds
bf[r;kj esa gS mldh rjnhn esa geus Åij cgqr dqN fy[k fn;k gS vkSj
;g ,d gd+hd+r gS fd [kqnk o jlwyl-v-o- gjfxt+ fdlh ,slh ckr ds
eqrkfYyd+ dksbZ ,slk gqDe lkfnj ugha djrs tks uk gksus okyh gks vkSj [kqnk
fdlh ,sls “k[l dh brkvr Hkh okftc o QtZ+ d+jkj ugh nsrk ftldk
bfUr[kkc ml “k[l ds bf[r;kj esa gks ftl ij mu eqUrf[kc beke dh
brkvr Qt+Z dh xbZ gS vkSj bl beke ds bfUr[kkc ds lkFk&lkFk mldk
cjrjQ dj nsuk Hkh mlh ds bf[r;kj esa gks vkSj mldks ;g Hkh bf[r;kj
gkfly gks fd og ftldks bufr[kkc djs mldks [kwc lksp fopkj ds ckn
,gfr;kr ls d+kbe djas vxj ;g tkbt+ gksrk fd yksx viuk beke
88
eqUrf[kc dj ysa rks buds fy;s ;g Hkh tkbt+ gksrk fd oks uch dks Hkh
d+kbe dj yas D;ksafd vYykg rvkYk us bekeksa dh brkvr dks vfEc;kv-l-
dh brkvr ds lkFk ykxw dj fn;k gS vkSj bekeks dks vfEc;kv-l- ds ckn
mudh mEerksa esa mudk tku”khu vkSj gkfde eqd+jZj Qjek;k gS ftl
rjg vfEc;kv-l- yksxksa ds njfe;ku [kqnk ds tku”khu vkSj gkfde gksrs gSaA
fQjd+k, [+okfjt dk ;g dguk fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us tks dqN
fd;k gS mldk mUgsa dksbZ bYe ugha gS rks ekywe gksuk pkfg;s fd mudh
;g yk bYeh ml “k[l ij gqTtr ugha cu ldrh tks [k+cjnkj vkSj
lkfgcs bYe gS ,slk “k[l tks fdlh ckr dks u tkurk gks ml ij okftc
gS fd oks ml “k[l ls ekywe djus dh dksf”k”k djs tks tkurk gSA vxj
ge ls ;s yksx iwNas fd fQj rqEgh ;s crkvks fd beke fdl rjg d+kbe
fd;k tk ldrk gS\ rks ge mudks ;g tokc nsaxs fd beke dk rd+:jZ
,d ,slh lwjr ls eqefdu gS ftldks jí djus dh fdlh dh tqjZvr ugha
gks ldrh u [kqn rqe mldks jí dj ldrs gks u rqEgkjs vykok nwljs yksx
jí dj ldrs gaS oks uk d+kfcys rjnhn lwjr ;g gS fd beke ul o
rkSQhd+ ls d+kbe gksrk fd ul o rkSQhd+ dk rlOoqj j[kus okys ij dksbZ
gqTtr d+kbe u gks lds vkSj u mldh eq[kkfyQr ds fy;s dksbZ xqatkb”k
jgsA
ge Åij c;ku dj pqds gS fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us yksxksa dks veh:y
eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vcw rkfycv-l- dh beker o f[kykQr ls vkxkg dj
fn;k Fkk vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- us mudks viuk tku”khu vkSj yksxksa dk beke
eqd+jZj dj fn;k Fkk vkSj fQj blh rjg veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us beke
gluv-l- dks beke eqd+jZj Qjek;k vkSj beke gluv-l- us beke gqlSuv-l-
dks beke eqd+jZj Qjek;k vkSj beke gqlSuv-l- us beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuvl-
dks beke eqd+jZj Qjek;k vkSj beke tS+uqy vkfcnhuv-l- us beke eksgEenqy
ckfd+jv-l- dks beke eqd+jZj Qjek;k vkSj beke eksgEenqy ckfd+jv-l- us
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dks beke eqd+jZj Qjek;k vkSj fQj beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ds ckn ,d ds ckn nwljs beke d+kbe gksrs jgs ;s oks
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- gS ftuds ckjs esa gekjs cqtq+Zxksa ¼iqoZtks½ ls ge rd [kcj
igqaph gS vkSj geus vius vgn esa ftu bekeksa dks ns[kk gS mUgksaus Hkh ul
gh ds rjhd+s ij vey fd;k gS il ul dk rjhdk fugk;r okts+g vkSj
89
gqTtr d+krsv ¼gqTtr [kRe djus okyk½ gS blesa fdlh dks dqN dgus dh
xqatkb”k ugha gS vkSj u dksbZ gQZ t+uh ¼fVIi.kh½ dj ldrk gSA
;gh ckr ge jlwyksa ds ckjs esa vkSj muds njfe;ku tks vbEek
gksrs gSa muds ckjs esa Hkh dgrs gSa fd eulcs beker dk gksuk ul o
rkSQhd+ gh ls gksrk gS oks bl rjg ls fd ,d uch vius ckn ,d beke
dks c t+fj;k ul o rkSQhd+ eqd+jZj dj tkrk gS vkSj oks beke vius ds
ckn ds beke dks c&t+fj;k ul d+kbe dj tkrk gS vkSj ,d uch vius
ckn ds vkus okys uch dh c”kkjr nsrk gS tSlk fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us
viuh fdrkc dqjvkus gdhe esa b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd %
o eqcf””kje fc jlwfyU¸;krh fee cvfnleqgq vgenks 28&61@6 rtqZek
% vkSj ,d iSx+Ecj ftudk uke vgen gksxk vkSj esjs ckn vk;saxsA mudh
[kq”k[kcjh lqukrk gw¡A
pqukaps vbEek ,d nwljs dks ed+kes beker c&t+fj;k ul lkSairs
jgrs gSa vkSj vius ckn ds vkus okys beke ls okfd+Q o [kcjnkj djrs
jgrs gS ;gk¡ rd fd ftl uch dh c”kkjr nh xbZ gS mldk tq+gwj gks tkrk
gS tSlk fd vke eqlyeku Hkh bl ckr dk bd+jkj djrs gaS fd vknev-l-
us “khlv-l- ij ul dh Fkh vkSj fQj “khlv-l- us vius Qjt+Unksa esa ls vius
ckn ds vkus okys beke ij ul dh Fkh xjt+ bekeksa ds ul djus dk ;gh
rjhd+k FkkA gj beke vius ckn ds vkus okys beke ls c&t+fj;k ul
vkxkg djrk jgk ;gka rd fd ;s flyflyk uwgv-l- rd igq¡pk vkSj uwgvl-
ls bczkfgev-l- rd igq¡pk vkSj bczkfgev-l- ls ewlkv-l- rd igq¡pk vkSj
ewlkvl- ls bZlkv-l- rd igq¡pk vkSj bZlkv-l- ls [kkfreqy vfEc;k eksgEen
jlwyYykgl-v-o- rd igq¡pkA
vke eqlyeku bl ckr dk Hkh bd+jkj djrs gSa fd xqft+”krk
vfEc;k&,&fdjke esa ls gj uch us viuk ,d olh eqd+jZj fd;k Fkk tks
mlds ckn mlds reke dke dks c[kqch vatke nsrk flok;s muds vius
iSx+Ecj eksgEen eqLrQkl-v-o ds fd vkius fdlh dks viuk olh ugha
cuk;k gSA gkykafd yksxksa dks ogh o ucqOor dk flyflyk eqUdrs gks tkus
ds lcc vkSfl;k vkSj vbEek dh l[r t+:jr Fkh ysfdu gekjk ;s vd+hnk
gS fd tc ijojfnxkjs vkye us eksgEen jlwys vdjel-v-o- ij flyflyk;s
90
ucqOor dks [kRe dj fn;k rks mlus mEer ds reke mewj dks vbEek
vgyscSrv-l- ds gokys dj fn;k vkSj d+;ker rd ds fy;s vbEek rkfgjhuvl-
dks [kYds+ [kqnk dh fuxgnk”r dk dke lkSaik x;k gSA il geus tSlk fd
Åij fy[kk gS fd bl rjg ucqOor o beker ds ckjs esa ul o rkSQhd+
ds d+kby gSa u fd vke eqlyekuksa dk tSlk fd ;s vd+hnk gS fd vfEc;k
o eqjlyhu dh fjlkyr o ucqOor dh rLnhd+ ds fy;s crkSj lqcwr muds
ekSftt+kr dkQh gSa ul o c”kkjr vkSj rkSQhd+ ugha vxj oks dqjvkus
gdhe dk x+kSj ls eqrkfyvk djrs rks mudks ekywe gks tkrk fd dqjvku
vfEc;k o eqjlyhuv-l- ls ekSftt+kr ryc djus okyksa dh l[r et+Eer
djrk gS tSlk fd vk;rs djhek esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk us jlwys vdjel-v-o-
ls eq[kkfrc gks dj Qjek;k gS fd %
;lvyqd% vgyqy fdrkfc vu rqufT+t+y% vySfge fdrkce feul lekb
Qd+n lvyw eqlk vdcj% feu t+kfyd% Qd+kyw vfjuYykg% tgjru
6&4@153 rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy½ vgys fdrkc ¼;gwn½ tks rqels ;s nj[okLr
djrs gS fd rqe mu ij ,d fdrkc vkleku ls mrjok nks rks rqe bldk
[;ky u djks D;ksafd ;s yksx ewlk ls rks blls dgha c<+ p<+ ds nj[okLr
dj pqds gSaA pqukpas dgus yxs fd [kqnk dks gesa [kqye [kqYyk fn[kk nks
vkSj nwljs eqd+ke ij vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
91
o dk+yw yu uqvfeu% yd% gRrk rQtqj% yuk feuy vjfn ;Ecwvk 0
vordwu% yd% tUurqe feu u[khfyUo o bu% fcu QrqQfTtjy vugkj%
f[kykygk rQthjk 0 vo rqlfd+rl lekv% dek t+vEr% vySuk fdl%Qu
vo rvfr;% fcYykfg oy eykbdfr dchyk 0 vo ;dqu% yd% cSrqe feu
tq[k:fQu vo rjd+k fQLlekb oyu uqvfeu% fy:fd+f¸;d% gRrk rqufTty%
vySuk fdrkcu ud+jmgw dqy lqCgku% jCch gy dqUrks bYyk c”kjj jlwyk
0 15&17@90&93 rtqZek % vkSj ¼,s jlwyl-v-o- dq¶Qkjs eDdk us½ rqels
dgk fd tc rd rqe gekjs okLrs t+ehu ls p”ek u cgk fudkyksxs ge
rqe ij gjfxt+ bZeku u yk;saxs ¼;k ;s ugha rks½ [ktwjksa vkSj vaxwjksa dk
rqEgkjk dksbZ ckx+ gks mlesa rqe chp&chp esa ugjsa tkjh djds fn[kk nks ;k
tSlk rqe xqeku j[krs FksA ge ij vkleku gh dks VqdM+s&VqdM+s dj ds
fxjkvks ;k [kqnk vkSj Qfj”rksa dks ¼vius d+kSy dh rLnhd+ esa gekjs lkeus½
xokgh esa yk [kM+k djksA ;k rqEgkjs ¼jgus ds½ fy;s dksbZ f[k+ykbZ egy
¼vkleku esa egy gks½ ;k rqe vkleku ij p<+ tkvks tc rd rqe ij
[kqnk ds ogka ls ,d fdrkc ukft+y u djksxs fd ge mls [kqn Hkh i<+ ysa
ml oDr rd ge rqEgkjs ¼bZeku½ ij p<+us ds Hkh d+kby u gksaxs ¼,s jlwy½
rqe dg nks fd lqCgkuYykg eSa ,d vkneh [kqnk ds jlwy ds flok vkf[k+j
vkSj D;k gq¡A
nwljh txg b”kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
o d+kyw ykSyk ;vrhuk fcvk;fre feUj jfCcgh voye rvfrfge cf¸;u%rks
ek fQ LlqgqfQy Åyk 16&20@133 rtqZek % vkSj ¼vgys eDdk½ dgrs gaS
fd vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls gekjs ikl dksbZ ekSvftt+kv ¼gekjh
et+hZ ds eqvkfQd+½ D;aw ugha ykrk rks D;k tks iS”ku&xksbZ;ka vxyh fdrkcksa
¼rkSjkr] bUthy½ esa ¼bldh½ xokg gSa oks Hkh muds ikl ugha igq¡phA
dqjvkus gdhe esa bl fd+Le dh c&dljr vk;rsa ekStwn gSa blds
vykok ;g ekywe gksuk pkfg;s fd vYykg rvkyk ftl uch dks ecÅl
djrk gS mldh brkvr QtZ+ vkSj okftc gksrh gS il ftlus mldh
rLnhd+ u dh vkSj d+Cy blds fd oks uch ekSvftt+kv is”k djs rdt+hc
dh gkyr esa ej tk;sa rks voke ds ut+nhd fcy&bfRrQkd+ dkfQj dh
ekSr ej x;k vxj voke ds [;ky ds eqrkfcd+ vfEc;k dh ucqOor ds
92
fy;s muds ekSvftt+kr gh lqcwr vkSj nyhy o gqTtr gSa rks fQj oks “k[l
d+kfcys Hkjkslk ugha tks ekSvftt+kv t+kfgj gksus ls igys bZeku yk;sA
ysfdu voke vxj gels nj;k¶+r djsa fd vfEc;k ds ekSvftt+kr vkus dk
D;k ed+ln gS \ rks ge mudks ;s tokc nsaxs fd vYykg rvkyk vfEc;k
fdjke dks blfy;s ekSvftt+kr nsdj ecÅl djrk gS rkfd viuh
e[kywd+ ds fnyksa esa [k+kSQ o jkSc iSnk dj ns vkSj vius jlwyksa dh rkbZn
vkSj muds jks”ku nykby dks et+cwr cukus ds fy;s tks oks vius
eq[k+kfyQhu ds lkeus is”k djrs gaS vkSj muds fnyksa esa [kkSQ iSnk djus ds
fy;s [kqnk vfEc;kv-l- dks ekSvftt+kr ns dj ecÅl djrk gSA pqukpas bl
vk;rs djhek esa b”kkZn gS fd %
o ek uqjflyks fcy vk;kfr bYyk r[kohQk 15&17@59 rtqZek % vkSj
ge rks ekSftt+sa flQZ Mjkus dh xtZ+ ls Hkstk djrs gSaA
vYykg rvkyk us gt+jr uwgv-l- dks mudh d+kSe esa ecÅl
Qjek;k Fkk oks viuh d+kSe dks lk<+s ukS lkS cjl rd nkvor djrs jgs
bl rohy ¼yach½ eqír ds njfe;ku vkidh rdt+hc djus okys cdljr
yksx gkyrs dqÝ esa ej x;s vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ;s [k+cj nh gS fd
uwgv-l- dk eksftt+k vkidh fd”rh gS vkSj vke eqlyekuks dk Hkh ;gh
[+;ky gS vkSj ;g lcdks ekywe gS fd fd”rh dk eksftt+k vkids vk[k+jh
t+ekus esa is”k vk;k gS vkSj blds lkFk gh lkFk uwgv-l- dh d+kSe ij muds
dqÝ dh otg ls vt+kc Hkh vk;k vkSj [kqnk us mUgs mudh uk Qjekuh dk
et+k p[kk;k vkSj uwgv-l- vkSj vkids mu lkfFk;ksa dks cpk fy;k tks vki
ij bZeku yk pqds FksA ;gk¡ ij d+kfcys x+kSj ckr rks ;g gS fd fd”rh uwgv-
l- ls igys oks d+kSesa vkidh rdt+hc dj pwdh Fkh oks vkidh rdt+hc vkSj
tks vki vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls yk;s Fks mldh rdt+hc dh otg
ls nkf[k+ys tgUue gks pqdh Fkh il vxj d+kSes uwgv-l- ds ut+nhd vkidh
ucqOor dk lqcwr eksftt+k gh gksrk rks mu ij dqN Qt+Z o okftc u Fkk
fd oks vki ij bZeku ykrs vkSj tc d+kSe uwgv-l- ij ;s okftc gh u Fkk
fd oks uwgv-l- ij bZeku yk;as rks uwgv-l- ds fy;s ;g lt+kokj uk Fkk fd
og dksbZ eksftt+k is”k fd;s cx+Sj mudks nkor djrs D;ksafd mu ij uwgvl-
dh rLnhd+ fdlh eksftt+k ds cx+Sj okftc gh u Fkh vkSj u ;s okftc Fkk
93
fd uwgv-l- mudks fdlh ,slh pht+ dh rjQ nkvor djrs ftldk d+cwy
djuk mu ij okftc u Fkk gkykafd [kqnkoUns rvkyk tc fdlh iSx+Ecj
dks ecÅl djrk gS rks mldh brkvr okftc vkSj Qt+Z gksrh gS ;g ckr
ml “k[l ds fy;s jks”ku vkSj okt+sg gS tks x+kSjks fQØ djs vkSj le>sA
vxj ge bl flyflys esa et+hn vkSj ckrsa c;ku djsa rks ;s bl fdrkc
dh gn ls ckgj gksxkA geus rks muesa ls pan uqdrs c;ku dj fn;s gSa
ftldks lkfgckus vDy gh le>rs gSa vkSj [kqnk viuh jger ls jkgs lokc
ij pyus dh rkSQhd+ vrk djus okyk gSaA
vbEek rkfgjhuvbEek rkfgjhuvbEek rkfgjhuvbEek rkfgjhuvbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds njtkr vkSj eukft+y dk c;ku ds njtkr vkSj eukft+y dk c;ku ds njtkr vkSj eukft+y dk c;ku ds njtkr vkSj eukft+y dk c;ku ds njtkr vkSj eukft+y dk c;ku
bl ckc esa vbEekk vgyscSrv-l- ds eukft+y vkSj njtkr dk ge
rt+fdjk djsaxs vkSj ;s crk;saxs fd mUgksaus ges”kk ,sls yksxksa ls bt+gkjs
cjkvr fd;k gS tks mUgas muds njtkr ds flok nwljs njtks esa “kqekj
djrs gSa vkSj oks ,sls yksxksa dks dkfQj le>rs gSa tks mudh t+krs eqd+n~nl
ds ckjs esa vius eqag ls dqÝ o bygkn ¼ukfLrdrk½ ds dfyekr fudkyrs
gSaA
vbEerqy gqnkv-l- [k+ykbd+ [kqnk esa ls ,d e[k+ywd+ gSa vkSj mlds
cUnksa esa ls pqfuUnk cUns gSaA [kqnkoUns rvkyk us gj beke dh brkvr
mlds ge vlz ¼muds t+ekus ds½ yksxksa ij QtZ+ dh gS vkSj mlds gqDe
dks rlyhe djuk okftc d+jkj fn;k gSa [kqnkoUns rvkyk us vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- dks viuh rjQ jguqekbZ djus ds fy;s [k+ykbd+ dk jguqek
cuk;k gS vkSj viuh t+kr dh ekfjQr djokus ds fy;s mudks vius cUnksa
dk iS”kok cuk;k gS vkSj ijojfnxkjs vkye us viuh vkSj jlwyl-v-o- dh
brkvr ds lkFk vbEerqy gqnkv-l- dh brkvr dks okfcLrk dj fn;k gS
xt+Z fd vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- [k+Yd+s [kqnk ij mldh rjQ ls gqTtr eqd+jZj
gSa vkSj [kqnk dh t+ehu es mlds [k+yhQk vkSj uk;chu gSa oks bf¶+rjk&ijokt+
xqejkgks ds vd+hns ds eqrkfcd [kqnk ugha gSa vkSj u jlwy o uch vkSj u
mu ij bl rjg ogh ukft+y gksrh gS tSls vfEc;kv-l- ij ukft+y gksrh gS
u oks ,slk bYes x+Sc tkurs gSa ftu dks [kqnk us viuh e[k+ywd+ ls Nqik j[kk
gS bl bYes xS+c esa ls vfEc;k fdjke ogh tkurs gS tks mlus mudks crk;k
94
gS u fd muds ikl oSlk bYes x+Sc gS tSlk fd vgys ckfry bf¶rjk
ijokt+ vkSj >wBs yksxksa dk buds ckjs esa vd+hnk gS [kqnkoUns rvkyk bl
ckr ls cqyUnks ckyk gS mlus vius vkSfy;k fdjke dks eqygnhu eqdfT+t+chu
nkYyhu o eq¶rjhu dh rksgerksa ls ikd dj fn;k gSA
tc vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- [kqnk dh ,slh gqTtrsa gS ftuls mlus
viuh e[k+ywd ij bfLrnyky d+kbe fd;k gS vkSj oks [kqnk dh jger ds
,sls njoktsa gaS ftudks mlus viuh e[k+ywd ij [kksy j[ks gSa vkSj [kqnkoUns
rvkyk us vbEerqy gqnkv-l- dks vius brkvr xqt+kj cUnksa ds fy;ss vlckcs
futkr cuk;k gS budh brkvr ds cx+Sj u vkeky ed+cwy gksaxs u tt+k,a
feyasxhA exj tks yksx vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls eksgCcr j[krs gksaxs vkSj tks
mudh rLnhd+ djsaxs muds vkeky ed+cwy gksaxs vkSj mudks tt+k,sa feysaxh
vkSj [kqnk mudks dksbZ tt+kv u nsxk tks vbEerqy gqnkv-l- ls nq”euh
j[krs gaS vkSj mudh uk Qjekuh djrs gSa vkSj mUgksaus cjgd+ bekeks ds
eqd+kfcy esa fdlh vkSj “k[l dks viuk beke cuk fy;k gS il “kSrku us
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds eqrhv o Qjekacjnkj eqfgCcksa ls l[r nq”euh dh
rkfd mudks xqejkg dj nsa ftl rjg mlus igys vknev-l- o gOokv-l- dks
cgdk;k FkkA pqukaps “kSrku us muesa ls c&dljr yksxksa dks cgdk dj
xqejkg dj fn;k mUgsa Qjsc esa eqfCryk fd;k vkSj gok&ijLrh dh jkg ij
yxk fn;k ftldh otg ls oks cgqr cM+s [klkjs ¼uqdlku½ esa eqcfryk gks
x;sA uSd c[rh ds ckn cn c[rh dk f”kdkj gks x;s vkSj brkvr dh jkg
ls gV dj uk Qjekuh vkSj evfl;r ij mrj vk;sA “kSrku buesa ls gj
ml “k[l ds ikl igq¡pk ftu rd igq¡pus dk mls dksbZ jkLrk fey ldk
vkSj ml ij mlus vius ?kksM+s vkSj I;kns nkSM+k, muesa ls tks bYe o Qsge
esa det+ksj Fks viuh gok uQlh dk f”kdkj Fks mudks xqejkg dj fn;k
vkSj mudks vbEerqy gqnkv-l- ls badkj] [kq:t vkSj dqÝ o fuQkd+ ds
jkLrs ij yxk fn;k vkSj tks bYe o Qu ds ekfgj vkSj lkfgcs Qsge o
clhjr Fks ftudks “kSrku mu yksxksa dh rjg xqejkg u dj ldk ftudk
geus Åij ft+Ø fd;k gS oks ,sls iq[rkdkj vkfyeksa vkSj lkfgckus Qsge
o clhjr ds ikl muds egcwc o ilanhnk jkLrksa ls igqapk mudh
reUukvksa vkSj [+okfg”kkr dh txgksa ls mu rd igqapk vkSj mudks xqejkgh
esa eqcfryk dj fn;k muds lkeus mlus [kq”kuqek rkohyas is”k dh vkSj >wBs
vd+oky ij [kwc jax o jksxu p<+k;k x+t+Z “kSrku us vbEerqy gqnkv-l- dh
95
“kku vkSj muds ed+kes cqyUn esa x+kSj o fQØ ij vkeknk djds yksxksa dks
xqejkg dj fn;k vkSj mlus muds lkeus bl ckr ds lqcwr esa iqjt+ksj
olkby o nykby is”k fd;s fd vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- uÅt+ks fcYykg [kqnk
gaS e[k+ywd ugha gSaA ;k fQj mlus ;s lkfcr djus dh dksf”k”k dh fd
vbEek vfEc;k o eqjlyhu gSa il “kSrku us ftl ed+ln ds fy;s bl
fd+Le dh tqjZr dh Fkh mlesa lkS fQlnh dke;kc gks x;k vc rhljs rcd+s
ds ikl bl lwjr esa x;k fd mlus muds ts+guksa esa ,sls “kdwd o “kqCgkr
¼”kd½ iSnk dj fn;s fd ftlls nhu ds Qjkbt+ o okftckr dks ,d Hkkj
le>us yxs fQj D;k Fkk “kSrku us gjke pht+ksa dks muds fy;s eqckg dj
fn;k vkSj nhu ds vge Qjkbt+ dks rdZ djus dk jkLrk [kksy fn;k vkSj
rkSghn ijLr eqlyekuksa ds t+qejk ¼fxjksg½ ls fudy tkuk muds fy;s
vklku vkSj lgy cuk fn;k mlus ;s lc dqN viuh ukikd vkSj >wBh
rkohyksa vkSj okfg;kr nyhyksa ls fd;k Fkk il rhljs rcd+s ds yksx Hkh
cnc[+rh vkSj ukeqjknh esa eqcfryk gks x;s vkSj vgys nhu o bZeku ds
t+qejsa ls [kkfjt gks x;s ge [kqnk ls nqvk djrs gaS vkSj iukg ryc djrs
gaS fd oks gesa bl fd+Le dh xqejkgh ls cpk;as vkSj gesa bl nqfu;k ls bZeku
dh lykerh ds lkFk mBk;saA bl gky esa fd geus u rks cSvr rksM+h gks
u nhu ls fudy x;s gksa u geus nhu esa dksbZ jn~nks cny fd;k gks u ge
ij [kqnk dk xt+c mrjk gks u ge xqejkg gq, gksaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkids
vlgkc esa ls ,d “k[l us yksxksa ds rkus vkSj bZt+k fjlkuh dh f”kdk;r
djrs gq, vkils dgk fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy yksx gesa D;ksa lrkrs gSa vkSj
gekjs ihNs D;ksa iM+s gq, gSa oks gels cqxt+ o vnkor D;ksa j[krs gSa vkSj ge
ij rkvus D;ks dlrs jgrs gS tSls fd ge muds ut+nhd eqlyeku gh
ugha gaS \ lkfnd++ vkys eksgEenv-l- us ml “k[l ls Qjek;k fd D;k rqe
ml rkuk&t+uh vkSj bZt+k jlkuh ij [kqnk dh gEnks lrkb”k vkSj mldk
“kqØ u vnk djksxs\ ns[kks tc “kSrku bl ckr ls ek;wl vkSj uk mEehn
gks tkrk gS fd rqe gekjs nkeus oyk;r dks NksM+us esa mldh brkvr ugha
djrs ftlds eqrkfYyd+ og tkurk gS fd [kqnk oyk;r ds cx+Sj fdlh
vey djus okys ds vey dks d+cwy u djsxkA fygkt+k “kSrku gekjh bl
oyk;r dh otg ls yksxksa dks rqEgkjs f[k+ykQ HkM+dk nsrk gS il rqEgsa
pkfg;s fd [kqnk us rqedks tks bler o iukg vrk dh gS ml ij mldh
96
gEnks lrkb”k djks vkSj tc yksxksa dh bZt+k fjlkuh gn ls rtkoqt+ dj
tk;s rks rqe blds ckjs esa x+ksjks fQØ djks vkSj ge ij tks eqlhcrsa vkSj
esgursa iM+h gaS mu ij ut+j Mkyks vkSj vkbUnk Hkh yksxksa dh rjQ ls gesa
bZt+k igq¡prh jgsxh vkSj gels igys [kqnk ds vkSfy;kvksa vkSj jlwy xqt+j
pqds muds elkbc o vkQrksa ij Hkh ut+j MkyksA lquks eSa rqedksa ;kn
fnykrk gw¡ fd ,d erZck jlwys vdjelvo- ls iwNk x;k fd nqfu;k esa og
dkSu ls yksx gSa tks lc ls T+;knk bfErgku o vkt+ekb”k esa eqcfryk fd;s
tkrs gSaA vkius Qjek;k vfEc;k fQj vksfl;k fQj vbEek rkfgjhuvl- fQj
eqvfeuhuA buesa tks vOoy gaS og vOoy gh gSa vkSj tks vQt+y gSa og
vQt+y gh gaS [kqnkoUnss rvkyk us gesa vkSj rqEgsa vkf[k+jr dh ikdht+k
ft+Unxh vrk dh gS vkSj mlus gekjs vkSj rqEgkjs fy;s bl ft+Unxh dks
ilan Qjek;k gSA blds ckn dgk fd vkagt+jrlvo- us Qjek;k fd ;g
nqfu;k eqvfeuhu ds fy;s d+Sn [k+kuk vkSj dkfQj ds fy;s tUur gSA [kqnk
tc fdlh eqvfeu cans dks bl nqfu;k esa dqN fgLlk vrk djrk gS rks
mlesa dqN u dqN feykoV vkSj dnqjr ¼rdyhQnsg½ gksrh gh gS rkfd
nqfu;k dk ;g gt+ ¼yqRQ½ o ulhc [kqnk ds cs&vkesft+”k ¼feykoV jfgr½
lokc esa ls “kqekj u gks blds fy;s rks [kqnk vkf[kjr dh fcyk dnqjr
ikdht+k ftanxh dks eqdEey dj nsxkA
vgys x+qyw tks xqejkg vkSj gykd gks x;s mudh QsgfjLr rks
cgqr rohy gS vkSj og bl fdrkc dh gnks fclkr ls ckgj gS ysfdu
gekjh “krZ ds eqrkfcd+ bl flyflys esa gekjs fy;s dqN u dqN c;ku
djuk fugk;r t+:jh gSA pqukaps veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch
rkfycv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkids vlgkc esa ls dqN ,sls yksx tks vkidh
cSvr esa nkf[ky Fks vkSj vkidh oyk;r o beker ds d+kby Fks og vkils
vyx gks x;s vkSj vkidh cSvr dks rksM+ fn;k vkSj vkids ckjs esa t+qYe
o ukbalkQh ls dke fy;kA il veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us muls tax dh
vkSj cSvr rksM+us okyksa dks f”kdLr nh vkSj nhu ls fudy tkus okyksa dks
d+Ry dj fn;k vkSj t+kfyeksa ls ftgkn djds mUgsa ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj
fn;kA buesa ls fdrus vkils cjh gks x;s vkSj vki muls cjh gks x;sA ,d
fxjksg us rks “kSrku ds edj o QjSc esa vkdj veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh
fcu vcw rkfycv-l- dh “kku esa x+qyw djrs gq, ;gka rd dgk fd uÅt+ks
fcYykg vki gh uch FksA ftczbZyv-l- us x+yrh dh mUgas vyhv-l- ds ikl
97
ogh nsdj Hkstk x;k Fkk exj x+yrh ls eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds ikl
pys x;sA rqQ vkSj gsQ gS ,slh ukfd+l vD+yks vkSj uk eqjkn yksxksa ij vkSj
,slh okfg¸;kr vkSj ypj ckrksa ij mUgs bruk rks x+kSj djuk pkfg;s fd
muesa ls ,d “k[l fdlh “k[l dks ,d I;kyk [ktwj nsdj fdlh “k[l
dks nsus ds fy;s Hkstrk gS vkSj og tkdj fdlh vkSj gh “k[l dks ns vk;s
rks Hkstus okyk mlds Qvy dks tkbt+ d+jkj ugha nsrk cfYd mldh
txg ij nwljk d+kfln Hkstrk gS ;k nh gqbZ pht+ dks okfil eaxk ysrk gS
tc ,slh ckr ,d ekewyh bUlku ds ckjs esa lksph ugha tk ldrh rks gekjh
le> esa ugha vk;k fd ;g yksx jCcqy vkyehu ds ckjs esa D;ksa ,slk
Qkfln vkSj x+yr xq+eku djrs gSa vkSj :gwy&vehu ftczbZyv-l- ds lkFk
bl fd+Le dk lw&,&t+Uu ¼cqjk [;ky½ D;ksa djrs gaS gkykafd og jlwys
vdjel-v-o- dh g;krs r¸;ck esa vkids ikl cjkcj ogh ysdj vk;k djrs
Fks vkSj og dqjvku ysdj vk;s tks vkagt+jrl-v-o- ij ukft+y gqvk gS blds
ckotwn vgys xq+yw “kSrku ds Qjsc esa vkdj ,slh cqjh ckrsa vius eqag ls
fudkyrs gSa vkSj bl fd+Le dk [kqye [kqYyk cksgrku yxkrs gS bldh
otg ;g gS fd “kSrku us budks csgdk fn;k gS vkSj cksgrku o ljd”kh
dk jkLrk buds lkeus vkjkLrk dj fn;k gSA ;g og yksx gSa ftudk geus
blls igys ft+Ø fd;k FkkA buesa cgqr ls ,sls yksx Hkh gaS ftudks ;g
oge gS fd tukc vehjv-l- cknyksa ds vUnj gSa ;g budh ,su fgekdr
vkSj ,slh x+yr ckr gS tks vD+yeanksa ij e[k+Qh ugha gS ,d erZck dk
ft+Ø gS fd veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dh “kku esa xq+yw djus okys vkids ikl
vk;s vkSj dgus yxs fd vki gh gekjs [kqnk vkSj [kkfyd+ o jT+t+kd gSa
vkSj vki ls gekjh bcfrnk gS vkSj vkidh rjQ gekjk evkn gS bu csgqnk
ckrksa dks lqudj vkids psgjs eqckjd dk jax cny x;k vkSj vki
ilhuk&ilhuk gks x;s vkSj tykys bykgh dh rkvt+he vkSj [k+kSQ dh
otg ls cSn dh rjg yjt+ mBs vkSj xt+cukd gks dj vius gkf”k;k
u”khuksa dks vkokt+ nh vkSj mudks ,d [kM~Mk [kksnus dk gqDe fn;k tks
QkSju [kksnk x;k vkius Qjek;k fd eSa vkt bl [kM~Ms dks pchZ vkSj
xks”r ls Hkj nqaxk tc x+qyw djus okykas dks bl ckr dk ;d+hu gks x;k fd
vki mudks d+Ry dj nsaxs rks mUgksaus fQj ;g dgk fd vxj vki gesa ekj
Mkysaxs rks vki gh gesa nksckjk ft+Unk Hkh dj nssaxs igys rks veh:y
eqvfeuhuv-l- us muls Qjek;k fd rqe yksx bu csgqnk ckrksa ls rkSck djks
98
ysfdu oks viuh ckr ij vM+s jgs il vkius mu lcdks d+Ry dj Mkyus
dk gqDe fn;k fQj d+Ry djus dss ckn ml [kM~Ms esa vkx lqyxkdj
mudks tyk fn;k x;k vkius ml oDr ;s “ksj i<+k %
yEek jv;rqy vej% veju equdjk
vt+jErks ukju o nkvorks dfUcjk
rtqZek % eSaus tc ukxokj ckr ns[kh rks vkx lqyxkbZ vkSj vius x+qyke
dEcj dks vkokt+ nhA
vkidk ;s okfd+vk rkjh[k+ esa cgqr e”kgwj gS ,sls gh nwljs okfd+vkr
vkids Qjt+Unksa esa ls tks vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- gq, gS muds t+ekuksa esa Hkh
is”k vk pqds gSa ftudh QsgfjLr cgqr rohy gS felky ds rkSj ij ge
eqx+hjk fcu lbZn dk okfd+vk ;gk¡ ij uDy djrs gSa eqx+hjk beke ckfd+jvl-
ds vlgkc vkSj nqvkr esa ls FkkA exj “kSrku us mldks xqejkg dj fn;k
og dkfQj gks x;k mlus ucqOor dk nkok fd;kA mldks ;g og~e gks
x;k fd oks eqnksZa dks ft+Unk dj ldrk gS mldk ;g Hkh vd+hnk Fkk fd
beke ckfd+jv-l- ¼uÅt+ks fcYykg½ [kqnk gaS vYykg gh reke vkye dk jc
gS mldk ;s Hkh xqeku Fkk fd vkius mldks iSx+Ecj cukdj Hkstk gSA pqukaps
mldh bu okfg¸;kr vkSj ypj ckrksa esa vkids cgqr ls vlgkc vk x;s
vkSj oks fQjd+k eqx+hfj;k ds uke ls e”kgwj gks x;s tc ;s [k+cj beke
ckfd+jv-l- dks igq¡ph rks ml oDr vki veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch
rkfycv-l- dh rjg ckn”kkgs oDr u Fks fd vki mudks d+Ry djrs tSlk
fd tukc vehjv-l- us mu yksxksa dks d+Ry fd;k FkkA ftUgksaus vkidh t+krs
eqckjd esa dqÝ o bygkn dh ckrsa dgh Fkh vycÙkk beke ckfd+jv-l- us
bruk t+:j fd;k fd vkius eqx+hjkg vkSj mlds ekuus okyksa ij ykvur
Hksth vkSj mlls vkSj mlds vlgkc ls mldh reke dqQfj;kr ls viuh
cjkvr dk bt+gkj fd;k vkSj vius f“k;ksa dks rsgjhju bl ckr ls
[k+cjnkj dj fn;k mudks eqx+hjk o vlgkcs eqx+hjk ls rdsZ rkvYyqd+ vkSj
[kqnk ls iukg ekaxus dk gqDe fn;k vkSj vkius eqx+hjk o vlgkcs eqx+hjk
ij iqjt+ksj vyQkt+ esa ykvur Hksth il vkids vlgkc us vkids gqDe
99
ij vey fd;k mUgksaus brck, eqx+hjk dk eqx+hfj;k jkQt+k ds uke ls
ekSlqe fd;k D;ksafd mUgksaus beke ckfd+jv-l- dk nkeu NksM+ fn;k FkkA vkSj
eyÅu eqx+hjk dh ckrksa esa vk x;s Fks vkids vkSj eqx+hjk o vlgkcs eqx+hjk
ds njfe;ku c&dljr eukft+js vkSj >xM+s gq, gaS ftudk rt+fdjk cgqr
rohy gSA eqx+hjk o vlgkcs eqx+hjk us reke eqgfjZekr dks gyky o eqckg
dj fy;k Fkk mUgksaus “kjhvr dks NksM+ fn;k Fkk vkSj oks bLyke ds nk;js
ls [kkfjt gks x;s Fks vSj f”k;kus gd+ ds tq+ejk vkSj vbEerqy gqnkvl- ds
ekuus okyksa ls vyx gks x;s FksA beke ckfd+jv-l- us viuh ykvur vkSj
cjkvr dk vke rkSj ls ,syku dj fn;k FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ds t+ekus esa vcqy [kRrkc fudyk ;s
vkidk cgqr cM+k nkbZ Fkk eqx+hjk dh rjg ;s nkbZ Hkh xqejkg gks x;k mlus
dqÝ vkSj nkok , ucqOor rd fd;k vkSj cn xqekuh dh fd beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ¼uÅt+ks fcYykg½ [kqnk gS vYykg rvkyk gh cqyUn o
cM+rj gS mlus Hkh eqx+hjk dh rjg reke eqgfjZekr dks gyky o eqckg dj
fy;k Fkk mlus Qld+ o Qqtwj dh vke btkt+r ns j[kh Fkh mlds rkcsbZu
dks tc fdlh Qjht+k dh vnkbxh ckjs&fxjka ¼Hkkjh½ ekywe gksrh rks oks
vcqy [kRrkc ds ikl vkdj dgrs fd ,s vcqy [kRrkc! gekjs ljksa ls bl
cks> dks gYdk dj nks rks ml oDr vcqy [kRrkc mu lcdks ml Qfjt+k
dks rdZ djus dk gqDe ns nsrk ;gka rd fd mUgksaus jQ~rk jQ~rk reke
Qjkbt+ dks rdZ dj fn;k Fkk vkSj reke eqgfjZekr dks gyky o eqckg dj
fy;k Fkk x+t+Zs “kjhvr us ftu&ftu dkeksa ls jksdk Fkk oks mlh ds
eqjrfdc gq, blds vykok vcqy [kRrkc us vius ekuus okyksa dks ,d
nwljs ds f[kykQ >wBh xokgh nsuk Hkh tkbt+ o eqckg dj fn;k Fkk mlus
;gka rd dgk fd ftlus beke dks igpku fy;k mlds fy;s gj gjke
pht+ gyky gS tc bldh bfRrykv beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dks gqbZ rks
vki ml oDr blds flok dqN vkSj u dj lds fd vkius vcqy [kRrkc
ij ykvur vkSj mlls bt+gkjs cjkvr dh ;s bfRrykv c&t+fj;k [kr
igq¡pk nh il beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl ds fy;s ml t+ekus esa bruk gh
eqefdu Fkk tks vki dj xqt+js vcqy [kRrkc dk ekeyk vki ij cgqr
“kkd+ vkSj fxjka ¼lnek igqapk½ FkkA
gt+jr eqQT+t+y fcu me: dk c;ku gS oks dgrs gaS fd eSa ,d
jkst+ beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gqvk rks ml oDr
100
eSaus vkidks xqLls ds vkye esa jathnk [kkfrj vkSj v”d ckj ik;k eSaus vt+Z
fd;k fd eSa vki ij dqckZu o fuNkoj gks tkÅ bl jathnxh vkSj v”d
fQ”kkuh ¼vkalw cgkus½ dk ckbl D;k gS lkfnd++ vkys eksgEenv-l- us
Qjek;k fd
lqCgkugq o rvkyk vEek ;dwywu% myqOou dchjk 15&17@43 rtqZek %
ikd gS [kqnk vkSj cqyUn o ckyk gS ml ckr ls tks t+kfyehu dgrs gaSA
,s eqQT+t+y! ;s dkfQj o dT+t+kc ¼>wBs½ vcqy [kRrkc ;s cnxqekuh djrk
gS fd eSa ¼uÅt+ks fcYykg½ vYykg gw¡ ] lqCgkuYykg vYykg rvkyk ds
flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha gS ogh esjk vkSj esjs vkckv o vtnkn dk jc gS
mlh us gedks iSnk fd;k gS vkSj gedks viuh vfr;kr ls uokt+k gS ge
rks fgnk;rksa ds egt+ fu”kkukr vkSj >aMs gSa vkSj t+ehu esa [kqnk ds fy;s
lcls cM+h gqTtr gaSA ,s eqQT+t+y! rqe vlgkcs vcqy [kRrkc ds ikl
tkvks vkSj muls dg nks fd ge e[k+ywd+ vkSj [kqnk ds cUns gSa jc ugha
ejcwc gaS vycÙkk gedks [kqnk dh rjQ ls ,slk ntkZ vrk gqvk gS tks gekjs
flok fdlh vkSj dks ugha feyk gS vkSj bl erZck , beker ds flQZ geh
vgy gaS ge rks egt+ [kqnk ds vuokj esa ls ,d uwj gSa vkSj gekjs f”k;k
geesa ls gSa vkSj gekjs reke eq[k+kfyQhu tgUue esa gksaxs vkSj ge dy
d+;ker ds jkst+ [kqnk ds ?kj esa mlds iM+kslh gksaxsA tks Hkh gekjh ckrksa dks
d+cwy dj ysxk vkSj gekjh brkvr djsxk oks tUur esa gksxk vkSj tks ml
dkfQj o dT+t+kc vcqy [kRrkc dh brkvr o iSjoh djsxk oks tgUue esa
tk;sxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS lqnsj lsjQhj-v- us ,d erZck
vkils iwNk fd eSa vki ij fQnk gks tkÅ¡ vkids f”k;k vkids ckjs esa
c&dljr bf[rykQ j[krs gSa ckvt+ dgrs gS fd beke ds dku esa Qwadk
tkrk gS vkSj ckvt+ dgrs gS fd beke ij ogh ukft+y gksrh gS vkSj ckvt+
dgrs gS fd beke vius cki&nknk dh fdrkcksa ls Qrok nsrs gaS vc vki
gh Qjek;s fd eSa muesa ls fdldh ckr ekuw¡ \ beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l-
us Qjek;k fd muesa ls fdlh dh ckr u ekuksA ,s lqnsjj-t- ge rks vYykg
ds cUnksa ij egt+ mlds gqTtr vkSj vehu gaSA gekjk gyky o gjke [kqnk
dh fdrkc ls gSA
101
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,sl fcu eq[k+rkj
vkidh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gq, vkSj dgk fd eSa vki ij dqckZu gks tkš
vkids f”k;ksa ds njfe;ku ;s dSls&dSls bf[+rykQkr gaS \ lkfnd++ vkys
eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s ,sl rqe buds njfe;ku fdu bf[+rykQkr
dh ckras djrs gks \ ,sl us vtZ+ fd;k fd eSa tc dHkh dwQk esa vkids f”k;ksa
ds gYd+s esa cSBrk gw¡ rks eSa mudh ckrksa vkSj bf[+rykQkr dh otg ls “kd
ls d+jhc gks tkrk gw¡ vkSj tc ogka ls ykSV dj eqQT+t+yj-t- ds ikl
igq¡prk gw¡ rks eq>s muds ikl lqdwu o brehuku fey tkrk gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd gk¡ ,s ,sl ;s oSlk gh gS tSlk dh rqeus
c;ku fd;k gS yksx ge ij cksgrku cka/kus yxs gSa xks;k [kqnk us gekjs
f[k+ykQ cksgrku rjk”kh dks mu ij QtZ+ dj fn;k gS vkSj oks muls blds
flok dqN vkSj pkgrk ugha gS eSa buesa ls tc fdlh ,d ls dksbZ gnhl
c;ku djrk gw¡ rks oks tSls gh esjs ikl ls mB dj pyk tkrk gS oks esjs
f[kykQ mldh cs cqfu;kn rkohykr djus yxrk gS bldh vly otg ;s
gS fd oks nhus gd+ ds rycxkj ugha gSa vkSj rqe lgh ekvuksa esa nhus gd+
ds rycxkj gks ,s ,sl muesa ls gj ,d dh ;gha [kqokfg”k gS fd oks lj
cqyUn ljnkj cu tk;sa vkSj ;s ,d gd+hd+r gS fd tks cUnk viuk lj
Å¡pk djrk gS [kqnk mlds lj dks uhpk dj nsrk gS vkSj tks cUnk vius
u¶l dks derj vkSj gd+hj “kqekj djrk gSA [kqnk mldks lj cqyUn vkSj
“kjQnkj dj nsrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius vius ml nkbZ
dks [k+r fy[kk ftlus vius [k+r esa ,sls yksxksa dk gky fy[kk Fkk ftUgksaus
vyx nkvor d+kbe dj yh Fkh vkSj gqnwn ls rtkoqt+ dj x;s Fks vkSj
mUgksaus eqgfjZekr dks tkbt+ o gyky cuk fy;k Fkk vSj t+kfgjh vgdkes
“kjhvr dks NksM+ fn;k Fkk beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us ml nkbZ dks tokc
nsrs gq, vius edrwcs fxjkeh esa d+kSe dk gky c;ku djus ds ckn bl
rjg rgjhj Qjek;k fd ,s nkbZ rqeus vius [k+r esa fy[kk Fkk fd rqEgs bl
ckr dh [k+cj igq¡ph gS fd ml d+kSe dk ;s xqeku gS fd uekt+] jkst+k]
t+dkr] gt o mejk efLtns gjke] cSrqYykg gjke] e”kkbjs bt+ke vkSj
“kgjs gjke ;s reke ,d “k[l gaS tukcr ds xqLy ls ,d “k[l eqjkn gS
vkSj [kqnk us tks Qjkbt+ vius cUnksa ij QtZ+ fd;s gSa mu reke ls eqjkn
,d “k[l gS vkSj oks ;s Hkh dgrs gS fd ftlus ml ,d “k[l dks igpku
102
fy;k rks vey ds cx+Sj mldks ;s igpku ysuk dkQh gSA mlus uekt+ i<+
yh t+dkr] jkst+k] gt o mejk vnkdj fy;k vkSj tukcr ds xqLy ls
ikd gks x;k gS oks gqjers vYykg dh rkvt+he dj pqdk mlus “kgjs gjke
vkSj efLtn gjke dh rkvt+he dj yh vkSj mudk ;s Hkh xqeku gS fd
ftlus ml “k[l dh ekvfjQr dj yh vkSj oks “k[l mlds fny esa
iSoLr o tkxt+ha gks x;k ¼lek x;k½ mlds fy;s tkbt+ gS fd oks ,gdke
bykgh ds lkFk fgd+kjr ls is”k vk;s mls viuh tku dks e”kD+d+r esa
Mkyuk okftc ugha gSA ftlus ml “k[l dks igpku fy;k rks mldh
rjQ ls [kqnk ds reke Qjkbt+ ed+cwy gks x;s vxjps mlus bu Qjkbt+
ij vey ugha fd;k gS vkSj ,s nkbZ rqEgas ;s Hkh [kcj igq¡ph gS fd oks yksx
;s xqeku djrs gSa fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ftu Qokfg”k vkSj cndkfj;ksa ls
jksdk gS elyu tqvk] “kjkc] ft+uk] lwn] eqnkZ] [kwu] lwvj dk xks”r ;g
fd reke v”k[kkl gSa mudk ;s Hkh [k;ky gS fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk us flQZ
viuh ek¡vks] csfV;ksa] cguksa] pkfp;ksa] [kkykvksa ds lkFk fudkg djuk gjke
fd;k gS buds vykok eqvfeuhu tks nwljh vkSjrsa gjke gS oks uch dh
vtnokt eqRrkfgjkr ¼ikd choh;ka½ gSa buds flok nwljh vkSjrksa ls fudkg
djuk eqckg gS rqedks ;s Hkh [kcj feyh gS fd oks yksx ,d gh vkSjr ds
lkFk ckge fudkg djrs gS vkSj ,d nwljs ds f[kykQ >wBh xokgh nsrs gSa
vkSj oks ;s Hkh xqeku j[krs gaS fd mUgsa gj “ks; ¼pht+½ ds t+kfgj o ckfru
dh ekvfjQr gkfly gS vkSj ckfru gh vly x+t+Z o x+k;r gaS mudks
ckfru gh ij vey djus dk gqDe fn;k x;k gS ,s nkbZ! rqe bl ckjs esa
vkSj muds gkykr ds ckjs esa vkSj muds vd+kbn ds ckcr eq>ls loky
djrs gks\ rks lquks! eSa rqedks [kcj djrk gw¡ fd ftldk nhu o et+gc
bl fd+Le dk gS ftlds eqrkfYyd+ rqe us eq>ls nj;k¶+r fd;k gS rks rqEgsa
ekywe gks fd ,sls nhu o et+gc dk fijks ¼ekuus okys½ esjs ut+nhd
eq”kfjd gSa mldk f”kdZ bruk okt+sg vkSj [kqyk gqvk gS fd ftlesa fdlh
dks “kd djus dh xqatkb”k ugha gSA
D;k mu yksxksa us [kqnk dk ;s d+kSy ugha lquk gS fd %
103
dqy bUuek gj~je% jfCc;y Qokfg”k% ek t+gj% feUgk oek cru% 8&7@33
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwyl-v-o-½ rqe ¼lkQ½ dg nks fd gekjs ijojfnxkj us rks
reke cndkfj;ksa dks [+okg t+kfgjh gksa ;k ckfruh gjke fd;k gSA
vkSj [kqnk dk ;s Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
o t+: t+kfgjy bfLe o ckfru%gw 8&6@121 rtqZek % vkSj ¼,s yksxks½
t+kfgjh vkSj ckfruh ¼nksuksa½ xqukg dks fcYdqy NksM+ nksA
il ftl pht+ dk t+kfgj gjke gS mldk ckfru Hkh gjke gS vkSj
ftl pht+ dk t+kfgj gyky gS mldk ckfru Hkh gyky o tkbt+ gSA
t+kfgj dks ckfru ij nyhy cuk;k x;k gS vkSj ckfru dks t+kfgj ij
nyhy cuk;k x;k gS t+kfgj o ckfru nksuksa ,d nwljs dh rkbZn djrs gS
vkSj ,d&nwljs dks et+cwr o iq[rk djrs gaS tks pht+ t+kfgj esa et+ewe o
cqjh gS oks ckfru esa Hkh et+ewe o cqjh gSa vkSj tks t+kfgj esa ilanhnk gS oks
ckfru esa Hkh ilanhnk gaSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us blds ckn rgjhj Qjek;k fd ,s
nkbZ rqe ;d+hu tkuksa fd ;s oks d+kSe gS ftlus lquk rks t+:j exj oks
bldh gd+hd+r ls okfd+Q ugha gq, vkSj og blds gqnwn ij okts+g dj
ldas ftu ij okt+sg djus dk mUgsa gqDe fn;k x;k Fkk ;s rdt+hc vkSj
[kqnk o jlwyl-v-o- ij cksgrku cka/kus dh otg ls mUgksaus ,slk fd;k gS vkSj
bjfrdkcs xqukg ij tqvZr dh fcuk ij ,slk fd;k gS [kqnkoUns rvkyk us
fdlh ,sls uch dks ecÅl ugha Qjek;k gS tks egt+ ekvfjQr dh rjQ
nkvor djrk gks vkSj mlds lkFk brkvr ykft+e u gks [kqnk vius cUnksa
ls Qjkbt+ ds vkeky dks mlh oDr d+cwy djrk gS tcfd [kqnk dh rjQ
ls mu Qjkbt+ o vgdke dks ykus okys vkSj mldh rjQ nkvor djus
okys dh ekvfjQr gkfly gks fygkt+k lcls igyk Qt+Z ;gh gS fd ml
“k[l dh ekvfjQr gkfly dh tk;s tks [kqnk dh rjQ nkvor djrk gS
oks bl rjg ls fd igys bl ckr dk bd+jkj fd;k tk;s fd vYykg
rvkyk ds flok dksbZ ekvcwn ugh gS oks okfgn gS vkSj fQj mldh
#cwfc;r dk bd+jkj fd;k tk;sA mlds ckn ml jlwy dh ekfjQr Qt+Z
gS ftlus [kqnk dh rjQ ls iSxke dks igqapk;k gS oks tks dqN Hkh iSxkes
bykgh ysdj vk;k gS mldks d+cwy fd;k tk;s fQj olh dh ekvfjQr
104
fQj mu vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dh ekfjQr djuk Qt+Z gS ftudh brkvr
dks [kqnk us gj t+ekus ds yksxksa ij QtZ+ dh gS vOoy o vkf[kj jlwylvo-
o bekev-l- ij bZeku ykuk vkSj mldh rLnhd+ djuk Qt+Z gS blds ckn
[kqnk us vius cUnksa ij ftu t+kfgjh o ckfruh vkeky dks Qt+Z fd;k gS
mu ij vey djuk t+:jh gS vkSj t+kfgj vkSj ckfru esa tks gjke pht+sa
gSa muls btfrukc ¼ijgst+½ djuk pfkg;sA [kqnk us t+kfgj dks ckfru ds
lkFk vkSj ckfru dks t+kfgj ds lkFk gjke d+jkj fn;k gS [kqnk us vLy o
Qjkv nksuksa dks gjke fd;k gS il tks pht+ ckfru esa gjke gS oks vius
t+kfgj gh dh rjg gjke gS bu nksuksa esa ls fdlh ,d dks gyky o eqckg
ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj bl rjg reke rkvr ds t+kfgj o ckfru
ij vey djuk canksa ij Qt+Z gS ,slk ugha gS fd buesa ls t+kfgj ij rks
vey fd;k tk;s vkSj ckfru dks NksM+ fn;k tk;s ;k ckfru ij vey
fd;k tk;s vkSj t+kfgj dks NksM+ fn;k tk;s ckfruh uekt+ NksM+dj flQZ
t+kfgjh uekt+ tkbt+ ugha gS vkSj u t+kfgjh uekt+ dks NksM+dj ckfruh
uekt+ tkbt+ gS ;gh gky t+dkr] gt o mejk dk Hkh gS vkSj nwljs mu
reke Qjkbt+ vkSj gqjekr o “kvkb:Yykg dk gS ftudks [kqnk us vius
cUnksa ij Qt+Z fd;k gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vchrkfycv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius
,d erZck dqjvku dk rt+fdjk djrs gq, Qjek;k fd dqjvku ds t+kfgjh
vgdke ij vey djuk okftc gS vkSj dqjvku dk bYe ckfru iks”khnk
gS tks gekjs ikl ekywe o edrwc gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkids
vlgkc esa ls ,d “k[l us vkils ,sls yksxksa dk rt+fdjk fd;k tks vkids
f”k;ksa ds tq+ejk ¼fxjksg½ ls fudy x;s Fks vkSj mUgksus reke gjke pht+ksa
dks gyky dj fy;k Fkk ml “k[l us lkfnd++ vkys eksgEenv-l- dh
f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd mu yksxksa dk ;s vd+hnk gS fd nhu Qdr
ekvfjQr dk uke gS tc rqedks beke dh ekvfjQr gkfly gks tk;s rks
fQj tks pkgks lks djksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd
bUuk fyYykfg o bUuk bySfg jkftÅu mu dkfQjksa us ,slh pht+ ds
eqrkfYyd+ lj ekjk gS ftldks oks tkurs gh ugha gS njvly ;s dgk x;k
105
gS fd beke dh ekvfjQr djks mlds ckn rkvrksa esa ls tks pkgks rkvr
djks oks rqels d+cwy dh tk;sxh D;ksafd [kqnk cx+Sj ekfjQr ds dksbZ vey
d+cwy ugha djrk gS vxj ,d “k[l usdh ds reke dke djrk jgsA vkSj
t+ekus Hkj jkst+k j[krk jgs vkSj jkr Hkj uekt+ i<+rk jgs vkSj jkgs [kqnk
esa viuh nkSyr dks [kpZ djrk jgs vkSj [kqnk ds reke ,gdke ij vey
djrk jgs ysfdu mldks ml uch dh ekvfjQr gh gkfly u gks tks mu
Qjkbt+ dks ykrk gS rkfd oks ml ij bZeku yk;s vkSj mldh rLnhd+ djs
vkSj mldks vius beke&,&t+ekuk dk Hkh irk u gks ftldh brkvr
[kqnk us ml ij QtZ+ dh gS fd oks ml beke dh brkvr djs rks ,sls
“k[l dks [kqnk mlds fdlh vey dk Hkh t+jkZ cjkcj lokc u nsxkA tSlk
fd bl ckjs esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o d+fneuk byk ek vfeyw feu vefyu Qtvyukgks gckve eulwjk 0
19&25@23 rtqZek % vkSj mu yksxksa us ¼nqfu;k esa½ tks usd dke fd;s gSa
ge mldh rjQ rOotks djsaxs rks ge mldks ¼xks;k½ mM+rh gqbZ [kkd cuk
nsaxs ¼cckZn dj nsaxs½A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us rks ;gka rd Qjek;k fd vxj ,d
^^tkfgy** bcknr esa e”kxw+fy;r dh otg ls VqdM+s&VqdM+s gks tk;s fQj
Hkh og [kqnk ls nwj gh jgsxk vkSj bl fd+Le dh nwljh fjok;r vkSj
okfd+vkr tks gj beke ds t+ekus es is”k vk pqds vkSj ftudk geus [kqn
eq”kkfgnk fd;k gS vxj mu reke dks ge c;ku djus yxsa rks bl fdrkc
dks reke djus dk tks gekjk bjknk gS oks iwjk u gksxkA
,slk gh ,d okfd+vk beke esgnh fcYykgv-l- ds t+ekus esa is”k vk
pqdk gS gesa dqN ,sls yksxksa ds bf[rykQ dh [kcj igq¡ph Fkh tks nhu esa
clhjr j[krs Fks vkSj tyhyqy d+nj eqvfeuhu esa ls “kqekj gksrs Fks mUgksaus
bruh e”kD+d+r mBkbZ Fkh vkSj ,slk ftgkn fd;k Fkk ftldh xqft+”krk
t+ekus esa dksbZ felky ugha feyrh vkSj oks ,sls nqvkr Fks tks [kqnk vkSj
mlds oyh gh dh rjQ nkvor djrs Fks vkSj oks bYe ds ,sls cqyUn
ed+ke ij igq¡ps Fks tgk¡ muds flok dksbZ vkSj u igq¡pk Fkk ,sls yksxksa dks
“kSrku us mu yksxksa dh rjg xqejkg fd;k ftudk geus Åij ft+Ø fd;k
gS il “kSrku us mudks gok ijLrh dh jkg ij yxk fn;k vkSj mudks
106
igys jkLrs ls gVk fn;k vkSj mudks x+kjs gykdr esa Mky fn;k vkSj bl
rjg mudk [kkRek o vatke cgqr cqjk gqvk oks fuQkd+ o xqejkgh dh
gkyr esa d+Ry dj fn;s x;s oks nhu ls fcYdqy [kkfjt gks x;s Fks nykyr
¼xqejkgh½ o cnc[+rh ls [kqnk dh iukg! geus fdrus ,sls yksxksa dks Hkh
ns[kk gS tks nkvor ds nk;js esa Fks vkSj lkfgckus clhjr o oyk;r Fks vkSj
usd vey djrs Fks fQj oks cM+s&cM+s xqukg djus yxsA mUgksaus gjke pht+ksa
dks gyky dj fy;k vkSj Qjkbt+ dks rdZ dj fn;k nhu dks fgd+kjr dh
ut+j ls ns[kus yxs mudk gky Hkh ogh gks x;k ftudk ge Åij c;ku
dj pqds gSa beke esgnh fcYykgv-l- us bu yksxksa dks l[+r lt+k nh Fkh vkSj
gj ,d dks mlds dqÝ o f”kdZ ds eqrkfcd+ eqcfryk ,&vt+kc fd;k Fkk
vkius muesa ls dqN yksxksa dks rks ekj Mkyk vkSj dqN yksxksa dks lwyh ij
yVdk fn;k vkSj fdruksa dks csfM+;k igukdj dS+n[kkuksa esa Mky fn;k ;gk¡
rd fd oks lc ds lc gykd gks x;s vkius viuh nkvor dk njokt+k
cUn dj fy;k vkSj mu ij ls jger dks vjlk njkt+ rd ds fy;s e[+Qh
dj fn;k ;gka rd fd vkius eqvfeuhu dk bfErgku fy;k equkfQd+ksa vkSj
cs&nhuksa dks vyx dj fn;k bl flyflys esa vkius tks dqN fd;k Fkk oks
d+kSe ds gkykr fy[kus cSBsa rks t+[k+he ¼cM+h½ fdrkcsa fy[kh tk ldrh gSA
geus ,slk gh okfd+vk beke ealwj fcYykgv-l- ls Hkh lquk gS vki Qjekrs
gaS fd tc beke esgnh fcYykgv-l- dk bfUrd+ky gks x;k vkSj vkids ckn
vkids Qjt+Un beke d+kbe fc&vefjYykgv-l- r[+rs f[k+ykQr o beker
ij tyok vQjkst+ gq, mlds ckn vkius ,d jkst+ vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dk
ft+Ø fd;k vkSj mu yksxksa ds dqÝ o bygkn dk rt+fdjk Qjek;k
ftUgksaus vbEerqy gqnk dh “kku esa viuh t+cku ls dqÝ o bygkn ds
dfyekr fudkys Fks vkius ml oDr vkg! lnZ [khaph vpkud rch;r esa
jat ¼mnklh½ o eyky iSnk gks x;k vkSj vki ij [k+kSQs bykgh rkjh gks
x;k ge ml oDr vkids lkeus cSBs FksA geus vki ij [k+kSQs bykgh ds
vklkj ns[ks Fks vkius dqN nsj ds ckn Qjek;k fd %
bUuk fyYykfg o bUuk bySfg jkftÅuA
rtqZek % ge rks [kqnk gh ds gSa vkSj ge mlh dh rjQ ykSVdj tkus okys
gaS vkSj beke ealwj fcYykgv-l- us beke d+kbe fcvefjYykgv-l- ds dqN
107
dyke dk rt+fdjk fd;k Fkk tks gesa ;kn ugha gS exj bldk eQgwe o
ed+lwn yksxksa ds “kj ls vkSj mudh rkohykr vkSj eux<+r ckrksa ls iukg
ekaxuk Fkk mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd dy rd rks eSa bu yksxksa ds
ut+nhd eqlyekuksa dk oyh my vez Fkk vkSj vkt ;s gky gS fd buesa
ls dqN yksxksa us eq>s [kqnk cuk fn;k gS vkSj ckvt+ us eq>s uch cuk fn;k
gS vkSj ckvt+ ;s dgrs gS fd bYe x+Sc tkurk gw¡ vkSj fdruks us ;g dgk
fd eq> ij ogh ukft+y gksrh gS blds ckn beke ealwjfcYykgv-l- us gels
Qjek;k fd tSlk fd geus Åij c;ku fd;k gS mlh rjg rqe yksx Hkh
gekjh ckrsa yksxksa rd igq¡pk nks bruk dguk Fkk fd vkidh vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw
Hkj vk;s geus vki ij [kqnk dk [k+kSQ rkjh ns[kk fQj vkius Qjek;k fd
gekjh ;s ckrsa uksV djks vkSj yksxksa ds lkeus bldk rt+fdjk djks fd ge
vbEerqy gqnkv-l- cUnxkus [kqnk esa ls flQZ mlds cUns gaS vkSj mldh
e[k+ywd+ esa ls ge Hkh ,d e[+kywd+ gSa gk¡ bruk QdZ t+:j gS fd [kqnkoUns
rvkyk us gedks viuh rjQ ls erZck buk;r Qjek;k gS bl erZcs ls
gedks bT+t+r c[“kh gS oks erZck ;s gS fd [kqnk us gesa vius cUnksa dk beke
vkSj viuh e[k+ywd+ ij ^^gqTtr** cuk;k gS gekjs ikl bl fd+Le dh vkSj
cgqr lh ckrsa ekStwn gaS vxj ge mudks iwjk c;ku djus yxsa rks bl
fdrkc dk vly ed+ln QkSr gks tk;sxk fQj Hkh geus tks dqN c;ku
dj fn;k gS blls [kqnk vd+ayeanks dks Qk;nk gh igq¡pk;sxkA
bU”kk vYykgks o yk gksy% o yk dqOor% bYyk fcYykgA
vbEerqy gqnk dh olh;rksa dk c;kuvbEerqy gqnk dh olh;rksa dk c;kuvbEerqy gqnk dh olh;rksa dk c;kuvbEerqy gqnk dh olh;rksa dk c;kuvbEerqy gqnk dh olh;rksa dk c;ku
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh;qy eqrZt+kv-l- ls ejoh gS fd dqN yksx
nqfu;koh dkedkt ds flyflys esa vkids ikl vk;s vkSj ml nqfu;koh
ed+ln ds gqlwy ds fy;s viuh “khb;r dks vkyk dkj cukrs gq, vt+Z
djus yxs fd ,s veh:y eqvfeuhu ge vkids f”k;k gSa tukc vehjv-l-
us mudh rjQ dqN nsj ns[kus ds ckn Qjek;k fd eSa rqe yksxksa dks
igpku Hkh ugha ikrk gw¡ nj gd+hd+r gekjs f”k;k rks oks yksx gSa tks vYykg
108
o jlwy ij bZeku yk;s gSa tks [kqnk ds ,gdke ij vey djrs gaS vkSj
xqukgksa ls cprs gSa vkSj ftl ckr dk ge mudks gqDe nsrs gSa ml ij vey
djrs gSa gekjs f”k;k rks oks gSa tks vkSd+krs uekt+ ekywe djus ds fy;s lwjt]
pk¡n vkSj flrkjksa ij ut+j j[krs gaS gekjs f”k;k oks gaS ftuds gkasB [kq”d
vkSj isV vUnj dks /kals gq, gksrs gSa ftuds psgjksa ls njos”kkuk vklkj ut+j
vkrs gS oks “k[l gekjs f”k;ksa esa ls ugha gS tks nwljksa dk gd+ [kk tk;sa vkSj
tks yksxksa ij tqYe o tcj djs vkSj tks ml pht+ ij viuk d+Ct+k tek
ys tks mldk gd+ ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck f”k;ksa esa ls
dqN yksx dwQk ls vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j gq, ;s yksx tc rd muls
gks ldk enhuk esa eqd+he jgs vkSj lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- dh f[kner esa
vkrs tkrs jgs vkSj vkils vgknhl dk lekv djrs jgs vkSj mywe vkSj
evkfjQ gkfly djrs jgs tc dwQk tkus dk oDr vk;k rks oks vkidh
f[kner esa gkft+j gq, beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us mUgs fonk fd;k ml
oDr muesa ls ,d “k[l us vt+Z fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy vki gedks
dqN olh;r Qjekb;s vkius muls f[krkc djds Qjek;k fd eSa rqe
lcdks vYykg rvkyk ls Mjus dh olh;r djrk gw¡ vkSj ,gdkes bykgh
ij vey vkSj xqukgksa ls btfrukc ¼cpus dh½ dh olh;r djrk gw¡ vkSj
tks rqedks viuh vekur lkSai tk;s mldks vnk djus dh olh;r djrk
gw¡ ftudh lkSgcr esa jgks mlds lkFk gqLu lqywd dh eSa rqedks olh;r
djrk gw¡ vkSj bl ckr dh olh;r djrk gw¡ fd rqe gekjs [kkeks”k nqvkr
cuks ;s lqudj mu yksxksa us vt+Z fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy Hkyk ge yksx
[kkeks”k jgdj fdl rjg vki yksxksa dh rjQ nkvor djsaxs vkius
Qjek;k fd tc rqe mu ,gdkes bykgh ij vey djksxs ftu ij vey
djus dk geus rqedks gqDe fn;k gS vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk us ftu pht+ksa
dks gjke d+jkj fn;k gS mlds bjfrdkc ls ,d nwljs dks jksdrs jgksxs vkSj
yksxksa ds lkFk lPpkbZ o bUlkQ ls is”k vkvksxs vkSj vekurksa dks cjkcj
vnk djksxs usd dkeksa dk gqDe nksxs vkSj cndkfj;ksa ls euk djksxs vkSj
yksx rqEgkjh usdh gh usdh ls okfd+Q gksaxs rks ml oDr ;g dgsaxs fd ;s
Qyka beke ds vrckv gaS [kqnk dh jger Qyka ij mlus vius vlgkc
dks fdruh mEnk rkyhe vkSj fdrus vPNs vknkc fl[kk;s gaS ml oDr
mUgs gekjs QT+y o deky dk bYe gksxk vkSj fQj oks gekjs QT+y o
109
deky dh rjQ tYn ekby gksaxsA eSa bl ckr dk “kkfgn gw¡ fd eSaus vius
finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jv-l- dks ;s Qjekrs gq, lquk gS fd vxys
t+ekuksa esa gekjs tks f”k;k Fks oks vius t+ekus ds cgqr gh usd vkSj
ck&vey yksx Fks vxj d+chys dh efLtn esa dksbZ beke gksrk rks oks mUgha
esa ls gksrk Fkk vkSj vxj ml efLtn dk dksbZ eksvfT+t+u gksrk rks oks gekjs
gh f”k;ksa esa ls gksrk Fkk vkSj vxj muesa dksbZ ,slk vkfye gksrk ftlds
ikl yksx nhuh o nqfu;koh gktr jokkbZ ds okLrs vkrs rks og Hkh gekjs
gh f”k;ksa esa ls gksrk Fkk fygkt+k rqe yksx Hkh ,sls gh cuksA gesa yksxksa ds
ut+nhd egcwc o ilanhnk cukvks gesa muds ut+nhd uk ilanhnk vkSj
ecxwt+ u cukvksaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkidks
vius dqN f”k;ksa ds vey esa dksrkgh dh [kcj igq¡ph rks vkius mudks
ulhgr QjekbZ vkSj l[r ruchg ¼rkdhn½ dhA vkius muls Qjek;k fd
ns[kks tks “k[l Hkh [kqnk ds QtZ+ dh vnkbxh esa t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh dksrkgh
djsxk ml ij [kqnk dh jger u gksxh vkSj oks d+;ker ds fnu eksgEen
jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh “kQkvr dk gd+nkj Hkh u gksxk fygkt+k rqe ij tks
dqN [kqnk us QtZ+ fd;k gS oks gels lquks vkSj ml ij vey djks ge rqels
tks dqN dgrs gaS mldh eq[kkfyQr djds [kqnk o jlwy ds vkSj gekjs
vklh o ukQjeku u cuks [kqnk dh d+le vYykg ds flok dksbZ vkSj
ekvcwn ugha gS ;s dgdj vkius vius gkFk ls vkleku dh rjQ b”kkjk
fd;k vkSj fQj ;s Qjek;k fd vkSj ge gaS ml oDr vkius vius u¶l dh
rjQ gkFk ls b”kkjk fd;k fQj Qjek;k fd gekjs f”k;k ge esa ls gaS vkSj
nwljs reke yksx tgUue esa tk;saxsA gekjh gh t+kr ls [kqnk dh bcknr
gksrh gS vkSj gekjh gh t+kr ls [kqnk dh uk Qjekuh gksrh gS il ftlus
gekjh uk Qjekuh dh mlus [kqnk dh uk Qjekuh dh vkSj ftlus gekjh
brkvr dh mlus [kqnk dh brkvr dh gekjh brkvr [kqnk dk oks gqDe
gS tks mldh e[k+ywd+ dh rjQ lkfcr gks pqdk gS oks bl rjg dh [kqnk
fdlh cUns dk vey d+cwy ugha djrk exj gekjs t+fj;s ls vkSj u oks
fdlh ij jge Qjekrk gS exj gekjs gh t+fj;s ls fygkt+k ge [kqnk ds
^^ckc** vkSj mlds ^^gqTtr** gaS vkSj mldh e[kywd+ ds vehu gSa vkSj
mlds vljkj ds eqgkfQt+ gSa vkSj mlds mywe o evkfjQ ds vekurnkj
110
gaS tUur esa ml “k[l dk dksbZ fgLlk ugha gS tks vius eky esa ls gedks
gekjk gd+ uk nsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius gt+jr eqQT+t+yj-
t- ls Qjek;k fd ,s eqQT+t+y ! rqe gekjs f”k;ksa ls dg nks fd oks [kqnk
dh et+hZ ds rkcsv gksdj vkSj mlds eqgkfje o evklh ls cprs gq, yksxksa
dks gekjh rjQ nkvor djrs jgsa D;ksafd tc oks [kqn vey djsaxs rks yksx
[kqn c [kqn gekjh rjQ nkSM+dj vk;saxsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls ;s Hkh ejoh gS fd ,d erZck gt+jr
eqQT+t+y fcu me:j-v- vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j gq, ml oDr muds gkFk
esa dksbZ pht+ Fkh ftls mUgksaus lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- ds lkeus j[k fn;k
vkius gt+jr eqQT+t+y ls iwNk fd ;s D;k gS\ mUgksaus dgk fd esjh tku
vki ij dqckZu ;s vkids xqykeksa dh rjQ ls ^^flyk** ;kuh gfn;k gS
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s eqQT+t+y esa bls t+:j d+cwy
d:¡xk ysfdu fdlh eksgrktxh vkSj t+:jr dh otg ls ugha cfYd bl
gfn;s ls mudks flQZ ikdht+k cukus ds fy;s bls d+cwy d:¡xk ;s dgdj
vkius [k+kfnek dks vkokt+ nh tc [k+fnek vkidh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gqbZ
rks vkius mlls Qjek;k fd eSus xqft+”rk “kc rqedks tks isVh nh Fkh
mldks ys vkvks [k+kfnek us [ktwj dh cuh gqbZ ,d isVh vkids lkeus
ykdj j[k nh gt+jr eqQT+t+yj-v- Qjekrs gS fd eSaus ml isVh esa ,d ,slk
eksrh ns[kk ftlds feLy eSaus mlls igys dHkh dksbZ eksrh ugha ns[kk Fkk
oks csgn pednkj vkSj vkx ds vaxkjs dh rjg “kksvyk t+u Fkk beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s eqQT+t+y! D;k vkys eksgEenv-l- ds
fy;s flQZ ;s ,d eksrh dkQh ugha gS\ gt+jr eqQT+t+y dgrs gS fd eSaus
beke vkyh ed+ke dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd eSa vki ij dqckZu gks
tk¡Å gk¡ [kqnk dh d+le flQZ ;s ,d gh eksrh dkQh gS cfYd blls de
d+her dk Hkh gksrk rks oks dkQh Fkk bl xq¶rxq ds ckn beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us isVh dks <kad fn;k vkSj [k+kfnek dks ns fn;k fQj
vkius Qjek;k fd eSaus vius finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jv-l- ls lquk gS
vki Qjekrs Fks fd ftl “k[l us ,d lky xqt+j tkus ds ckn vius eky
esa ls gekjk gd+ pkgs oks de gks ;k T+;knk vxj u nsxk rks [kqnk d+;ker
ds jkst+ mldh rjQ ut+j Hkh ugha mBkdj ns[ksxk gkykafd oks ekQ dj
nsA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd ,s eqQT+t+y ^^flyk** oks Qjht+k gS
111
ftldks [kqnk us viuh fdrkc esa gekjs f”k;ksa ij Qt+Z fd;k gS blds ckjs
esa [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk ;s b”kkZn gS fd %
yu rukyqy fcjZ% gRrk rqufQdw feEek rqfgCcwu 4&3@92A
rtqZek % ¼yksxksa½ tc rd rqe viuh ilanhnk pht+ksa esa ls dqN jkgs [kqnk
esa [kpZ u djksxs gjfxt+ usdh ds ntsZ ij Qkbt+ u gksaxs il ;kn j[kks fd
ge vgys fcj o rdok gSa vkSj fgnk;r ds jkLrs gaS blds ckn vkius
Qjek;k fd ftlus gekjk jkt+ Qk”k dj fn;k mlus gekjs lkFk nq”euh
dh fQj vkius Qjek;k fd eSaus vius finj cqt+qxZokj beke ckfd+jv-l- ls
lquk gS vki Qjekrs Fks fd ftl “k[l us gekjk jkt+ Qk”k dj fn;k
mlds ckn pkgs oks gesa lksus dk igkM+ gh D;ksa u ykdj ns oks gels nwj
gh jgsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us ,d erZck gt+jr eqQT+t+y ls dwQk
esa vkckn vius vlgkc dh ckcr iwNk rks mUgksaus tokc fn;k fd oks cgqr
FkksM+s gSa tc gt+jr eqQT+t+y dqQk esa igq¡ps rks ogk¡ ds f”k;ksa us vkids lkFk
fugk;r ft+Yyr vkest+ lqywd fd;k vkSj mudks ekjus dk bjknk fd;k
vkSj mUgsa [kwc /kedh nh ;s [kcj beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dks Hkh igq¡ph
rks tc gt+jr eqQT+t+yj-v- dqQk ls okil vkidh f[k+ner esa enhuk
gkft+j gq, rks beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us muls nj;k¶+r fd;k fd ;s
dSlh [k+cj eq>s feyh gS\ gt+jr eqQT+t+y us vt+Z fd;k fd eSa vki ij
dqckZu gks tk¡Å dwQk okyksa dh ckrsa esjs fy;s ckbls ,sc ugha gaS vkius
Qjek;k fd gk¡ eqQT+t+y! mUgh yksxksa ij ,sc gS [kqnk dh d+le oks gekjs
f”k;k ugha gSa vxj oks gekjs f”k;k gksrs rks oks rqEgkjh ckrksa ls bl d+nj
xqLlk u gks tkrs vkSj u dchnkg [kkfrj gksrsA gekjs f”k;ksa ds vkSlkQ rks
[kqnkoUns rvkyk us mu dqQk okyksa ds vkSlkQ ds cj vDl c;ku fd;s
gSa tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dk f”k;k rks ogh gks ldrk gSa ftlus viuh t+cku
dks d+kcw esa j[kk gks vkSj ftlus vius [kkfyd+ ds fy;s vey fd;k gks vkSj
vius vkd+k ls mEehn j[kh gks vkSj [kqnk ls Mjrk gks ftruk fd mlls
Mjuk pkfg;s ;gka rd fd oks dljrs uekt+ ls deku dh rjg gks tk;s
vkSj [k+kSQs [kqnk ls ejht+ dh rjg nqcyk iryk gks tk;s vkSj [kq”kqv dh
otg ls va/ks dh ekfuUn gks tk;s vkSj jksts+ dh dljr ls ejht+ dh rjg
112
ykx+j gks tk;s vkSj eqlyly [kkeks”k jgus dh otg ls ekfuUn xwaxk gks
tk;s D;k gS dqQk ds mu f”k;ksa esa dksbZ ,slk ftlus uekt+ esa iwjh jkr
xqt+kj nh gks vkSj fnu Hkj jkst+k nkjh dks viuh vknr cuk fy;k gks ;k
[k+kSQs bykgh vkSj ge vgyscSrv-l- dh rjQ b”fr;kd+ j[kus dh [kkfrj
vius u¶l dks nqfu;k dh yT+t+rksa vkSj mldh usverksa ls nwj j[kk gks\
;s yksx dSls gekjs f”k;k gks ldrs gSa tcfd oks gekjs nq”euksa ls gekjs ckjs
esa [kqlwer ¼yM+kbZ½ fd;k djrs gS ;gk¡ rd fd mldks gekjk vkSj nq”eu
cuk nsrs gS ;s yksx rks tSls lnhZ yxus dh otg ls dqRrs dwa dwa djrs gS
oSls HkkSadrs gSa vkSj dOos dh rjg ykyph gSaA [kqnk dh d+le vxj rqEgkjs
vkSj muds njfe;ku et+hn ¼T+;knk½ vnkor iSnk gks tkus dk [k+kSQ u
gksrk rks eSa rqedks gqDe nsrk fd rqe vius ?kj esa cSB tkvks vkSj viuk
njokt+k cUn dj yks ;gka rd fd rqe rk&mez muesa ls fdlh dk psgjk
gh u ns[kks gkykafd oks rkSck djrs gq, rqEgkjs ikl vk;sa rks rqe mudh rkSck
d+cwy dj yks D;ksafd [kqnk us gedks viuk ,slk [k+yhQk cuk;k gS tks
mlds cUnksa ls rkSck d+cwy djrs gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ckvt+ vlgkc ls
Qjek;k fd rqe gekjk jkt+ Nqikvks mldks Qk”k u djks D;ksafd tks gekjk
jkt+ Nqik;sxk vkSj mldks Qk”k u djsxk [kqnk mldks nqfu;k o vkf[kjr
es bT+t+r vrk djsxk vkSj tks gekjs jkt+ dks ugha Nqik;sxk cfYd mldks
Qk”k djsxk rks [kqnk mldks nqfu;k o vkf[kjr esa t+yhy djsxk vkSj
mldh nksuksa vka[kksa ls jks”kuh dks t+kby dj nsxkA esjs finj cqtqZxokj
beke ckfd+jvl- Qjek;k djrs Fks fd rfd+ ;k esjk vkSj esjs vkckvks
vtnkn dk nhu gS tks rfd+ ;k ugha djrk mldk dksbZ nhu ugha gSA [kqnk
dks ;s ckr ilUn gS fd mldh bcknr e[Qh esa Hkh dh tk;s ftl rjg
fd oks ilUn djrk gS fd mldh bcknr ,sykfu;k t+kfgj esa dh tk;s vkSj
gekjs vez dks Qk”k djus okyk mlds equfdj ds cjkcj gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkids f”k;ksa
dh ,d tekvr vkids f[kner esa gkft+j gqbZ vkSj vkils viuh eqf”dykr
ds flyflys esa dqN ckrphr dh vkSj elkbc ls futkr ikus dk rt+fdjk
fd;k mUgksaus vkils dgk fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy ge dc dq”kknxh vkSj
veu o pSu dk fnu ns[ksaxs\ vkius muls Qjek;k fd D;k rqe ftl pht+
ds [kqokfg”kean gks vxj oks rqedks fey tk;s rks rqe [kq”k gks tkvksaxs
113
mUgksaus tokc fn;k fd gka [kqnk dh d+le rc vkius muls Qjek;k fd
D;k rqe yksx vius vgyks v;ky] vgckc o vd+kfjc ls fQjkd+ ¼tqnkbZ½
bf[r;kj djksxs vkSj ?kksM+ksa ij lokj gksaxs vkSj gfFk;kj iguksxs\ mUgksaus
dgk fd gk¡ vkius Qjek;k fd vPNk ;s crkvks fd D;k rqe vius nq”euksa
ls tax Hkh djksxs\ mUgksaus dgk fd gk¡] ml oDr beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl-
us muls dgk fd geus rks rqels blls cgqr gh ekewyh dke djus dk
loky fd;k Fkk exj rqe mls vUtke u ns lds ;s lqudj oks lc ds lc
[kkeks”k gks x;s ysfdu muesa ls ,d “k[l us vkils nj;k¶+r fd;k fd ,s
Qjt+Uns jlwy eSa vki ij dqckZu gks tkÅa oks dkSu&lk dke Fkk\ vkius
Qjek;k fd geus rqels flQZ bruk dgk Fkk fd [kkeks”kh bf[r;kj djks
D;ksafd tc rqe [kkeks”k jgksaxs vkSj dksbZ gjdr u djksxs rks ge [kq”k o
[kjZe jgsaxs vkSj vxj rqeus vius nq”euksa ls eq[kkfyQr dh rks gesa muls
vft+ ;r igq¡psxh il rqe bruk Hkh u dj ldsA
gt+jr lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkius
vius mu vlgkc ls Qjek;k fd tks vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j Fks vkSj oks
vkids lkeus bl ekStw+v ij cgl dj jgs Fks fd vkids ikl fdl ckr
dks ekStw+, dyke cuk;k tk;s ml oDr beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us
muls Qjek;k fd yksxksa ls bl ukSb¸;r dh ckr djks vkSj bl rjhd+s ls
djks tks muds ut+nhd ilanhnk vkSj ekv:Q gks vkSj tks mudks ukilan
gks mldks NksM+ nksA D;k rqe ;s pkgrs gks fd [kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy dks
xkfy;ka nh tk;as\ mUgksaus vtZ+ fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! [kqnk o jlwy
dks dSls xkfy;ka nh tk;sxh\ vkius Qjek;k fd oks bl rjg dh tc rqe
muls mudh ilUn ds f[kykQ ckr djksaxs rks oks ;g dgsaxs fd ,slh ckrsa
djus okys ij [kqnk dh ykvur gS gkykafd ml ckr dks [kqnk o jlwy us
dgk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d erZck vius
fdlh f”k;k ls Qjek;k fd rqEgkjh ;s ckr vkSj rqEgkjk ;s vez oks gS ftlls
tkfgykas ds fny jathnk vkSj dchnk gksrs gSa il rqEgkjh ;s ckr vkSj rqEgkjk
;s vez tks igpku ys mldks et+hn okfd+Q djks vkSj tks badkj djs
mldks NksM+ nks cs”kd vYykg rvkyk us ftl fnu vfEc;k&,&fdjke dk
ehlkd+ fy;k Fkk mlh fnu gekjk vkSj gekjs f”k;ksa dk Hkh ehlkd+ fy;k
Fkk il vc mu f”kvksa esa u dksbZ T+;knk gksxk vkSj u dksbZ f”k;k muesa ls
114
de gksxk vYykg rvkyk tc fdlh cans dks usd rkSQhd+ vrk djuk
pkgrk gS rks oks [kqn mldh pksVh idM+dj gekjh beker dk eksvrfd+n
¼ekuus okyk½ cuk nsrk gS pkgs oks bls ilUn djs ;k ukilUnA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
vYykg rvkyk us ,d d+kSe dks gels eksgCcr djus ds fy;s iSnk fd;k
gS vkSj ,d d+kSe dks gels cqx+t+ o vnkor djus ds fy;s iSnk fd;k gS
il vxj oks yksx ftudks [kqnk us gekjh eksgCcr ds fy;s iSnk fd;k gS
vxj oks gekjh nkvor o beker ls fudy dj fdlh vkSj dh rjQ pys
tk;sa rks [kqnk mudks gekjh nkvor o beker dh rjQ ykSVk nsxk pkgs
mUgas fdruk gh uk ilUn D;wa u gks vkSj [kqnk us ftl d+kSe dks gels cqx+t+
o vnkor djus ds fy;s iSnk fd;k gS oks gels dHkh&Hkh eksgCcr u djsaxsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ml cUns ij [kqnk
dh jger ftlus gedks yksxksa ds ut+nhd egcwc o ilanhnk cuk;k muds
ut+nhd ecxwt+ o xs+j&ilanhnk ugha cuk;kA [kqnk dh d+le vxj yksx
gekjh ckrksa dks lgh rkSj ij is”k djas mlesa viuh jk; ls fdlh fd+Le dh
rgjhQ o rCnhyh u djsa rks dksbZ “k[l fdlh ekeys esa Hkh muls my>us
dh tqvZr ugha dj ldrk ysfdu vQlksl rks bl ckr dk gS fd tc
muesa ls dksbZ “k[l gekjs vd+oky dks lqurk gS rks mlesa viuh rjQ ls
nl ckrsa feyk nsrk gS vkSj mlds vLy ed+ln ds cjvDl viuh gLcs
ea”kk mldh rkohy djrk gSA [kqnk ml cans ij jge djs tks gekjh jkt+
dh ckrsa lqurk gS vkSj fQj mldks vius lhus esa nQu dj nsrk gS] fQj
vkius Qjek;k fd [kqnk dh d+le bl nqfu;k ds flok fdlh vkSj txg
gekjs nksLrksa vkSj gekjs nq”euksa dks [kqnk ;dtk u djsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck ,d “k[l
dwQk ls vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j gqvk vkius mlls nj;k¶+r fd;k fd
dwQk esa gekjs f”k;ksa dk D;k gky gS\ tc oks “k[l dwQk ds f”kvksa dk gky
c;ku dj pqdk rks vkius Qjek;k fd flQZ d+cwy o rLnhd+ gh gekjs vez
dh ikcanh ugha gS cfYd gekjs vez dks Nqikuk vkSj xS+j&eqLrgd+ ls mldks
egQwt+ j[kuk Hkh vey gS il rqe mudks gekjk lyke dgks vkSj muls
;s ckr Hkh dg nks fd [kqnk ml “k[l ij jge djsxk ftlus gedks vkSj
vius vkidks yksxksa ds ut+nhd egcwc o ilanhnk cuk;k vkSj muds
evk:Q o ilanhnk rjhdk ls xq¶rxq dh vkSj muls bl ckr dks Nqik;k
115
tks mUgsa ukilUn gSA vkius et+hn Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ “k[l gekjs
f[kykQ tax djrk gS rks oks gekjs fy;s bruk et+jZr vkSj rdyhQng
ugha gksrk ftruk fd oks “k[l tks gekjh rjQ ls ,slh ckrsa djrk gS ftls
ge [kqn uk&ilan djrs gSa vxj oks ogh ckr dgs tks eSa dgrk gw¡ rks eSa
mudh ckrksa dh bruh ijokg Hkh u djrk vkSj oks yksx nj&gd+hd+r esjs
vlgkc gksrsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d jkst+ vius
vlgkc dks ulhgr djrs gq, Qjek;k fd vYykg ls Mjks vkSj ftldh
lksgcr esa jgks mlds lkFk gqLus lqywd ls is”k vkvks vkSj ftlds iM+ksl
esa jgks rks vius iM+kslh dk gd+ Hkh vnk djks vkSj rqEgkjs ikl vekuras gksa
rks muds gd+nkjksa dks igq¡pk nks vkSj vxj rqe gekjs f”k;k gks rks yksxksa dks
lqvj vkSj [kukt+hj ls f[krkc u djksA ogh ckr dgks tks ge dgrs gSa vkSj
mlh ij vey djks ftldk ge rqEgsa gqDe nsrs gaS rks ml oDr rqe gekjh
lgh ekvuksa esa f”k;k gksaxs vkSj ;kn j[kks gekjs eqrkfYyd+ ,slh ckrsa u dgks
tks [kqn ge vius ckjs esa ugha dgrs vxj rqe dgksaxs rks gekjs f”k;k u cu
ldksaxsA esjs finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jv-l- us eq>ls ;s Qjek;k gS fd
vxj gekjk dksbZ f”k;k fdlh d+chys esa gksrk gS rks mlds ikl yksxksa dh
vekursa vkSj olh;rsa egQwt+ jgrh gSa fygkt+k rqe yksx Hkh oSls gh cuksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS fd ,d erZck vkius vius vlgkc esa
ls ,d “k[l dks ftls vius f”k;ksa dh rjQ Hkst jgs Fks olh;r djrs gq,
Qjek;k fd rqe gekjs f”k;ksa dks gekjk lyke igq¡pk nks vkSj mUgs vYykg
ls Mjus dh olh;r djks vkSj mUgs bl ckr dh olh;r djks fd muesa tks
ekynkj gS oks vius xjhcksa vkSj eksgrktksa dh ns[k&Hkky djsa tks rUnq:Lr
gksa oks chekj dh fet+kt iqlhZ djsa vkSj gj “k[l e¸;r ds tukts+ esa “kjhd
gkas vkSj mudks bl ckr dh olh;r djks fd vius ?kjksa esa ,d nqljs ls
feyk&tqyk djsa D;ksafd ckge feyus tqyus ls gekjs vez dh cd+k vkSj
ftUnxh gS [kqnk jge djs ml “k[l ij ftlus gekjs vez dks ftank fd;k
vkSj usd vey fd;k rqe muls ;s Hkh dgks fd eSa [kqnk ds ut+nhd veys
lkysg ds flok t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh mudks Qk;nk u d:¡xk vkSj rd+ok o
t+ksgn ds cx+Sj gekjh oyk;r dks gjfxt+ ik ugha ldrs d+;ker ds jkst+
ml “k[l dks T+;knk gljr o vQlksl gksxk ftlus vey dh rkjhQ rks
dh exj fQj oks vey NksM+dj nwljh ckr dh rjQ pyk x;kA
116
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d erZck vius
vlgkc dks olh;r djrs gq, Qjek;k fd rqEgkjk vey [kqnk ds fy;s
gksuk pkfg;s] yksx fn[kkos ds fy;s ugha D;ksafd tks vey [kqnk ds fy;s
gksxk oks [kqnk rd igq¡psxk vkSj tks vey yksx fn[kkos ds fy;s gksxk oks
[kqnk rd u igq¡psxk rqe vius nhu ds fy;s yksxksa ds lkFk yM+kbZ&>xM+k
u djks D;ksafd yM+kbZ&>xM+s ls fny chekj gks tkrk gSA [kqnkoUns rvkyk
us vius iSx+Ecj eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ls f[krkc djds Qjek;k gS fd
%
bUud% yk rgnh eu vgccr% oyk fdUuYykg% ;gnh eU; ;”kkvks
20&28@56A
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy½ cs”kd rqe ftls pkgks eafty ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk
ldrs exj gk¡ [kqnk ftls pkgs eaft+ys ed+lwn rd igq¡pk, vkSj [kqnk us
;s Hkh b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd %
vQ% vUr% rqdfjgqu ukl% gRrk ;dquw eqvfeuhu 0 11&10@99A
rtqZek% D;k rqe yksxksa ij t+cjnLrh djuk pkgrs gks rkfd lcds lc
bZekunkj gks tk;saA rqe yksxksa dks muds gky ij NksM+ nks D;ksafd ;s yksx
rks ,d nwljs ls bYe gkfly djrs gaS vkSj rqe jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- vkSj vyh
eqrZt+kv-l- vkSj ge vgyscSrv-l- ls mywe gkfly djrs gks eSaus vius finj
cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ;s dgrs gq, lquk gS fd tc bl vez
^^oyk;r** esa fdlh cans dk nkf[ky gksuk dyecUn gks tkrk gS rks oks
ifjUnksa ds vius ?kkaslyksa dh rjQ ijokt+ djus ls rst+ j¶rkj gekjs vez
dh rjQ ijokt+ djds vk tkrk gSA mlds ckn beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl-
us Qjek;k fd rqe esa ls ftlus rd+ok vkSj veys lkysg dks viuk f“kvkj
¼rkSj rjhd+k½ cuk;k rks ge vgyscSrv-l- ds tq+ejs ls gaS vkils nj;k¶+r
fd;k x;k ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! D;k okd+bZ ,slk “k[l vki yksxksa esa ls gS\
vkius Qjek;k fd gk¡ oks t+:j geesa ls gS D;k rqeus [kqnk dk ;s b”kkZn
ugha lquk gS fd %
117
o eU; ;roYygqe feudqe QbUugw feugqe 6&5@51A
rtqZek % vkSj ¼;kn jgs fd½ rqeesa ls ftlus mudks viuk ljijLr cuk;k
rks fQj oks Hkh mUgh yksxksa esa gks x;kA vkSj dqjvku essa gt+jr bczkfgev-l-
dk ;s d+kSy gS fd %
Qeu rfcvuh QbUugw feUuh 13&14@36A
rtqZek % tks “k[l esjh iSjoh djs rks oks eq>ls gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl-
ls fjok;r gS vkius vius ckvt+ f”kvksa dks olh;r djrs gq, Qjek;k fd
[kqnk dh dle rqe lc vYykg vkSj mlds eykbdk ds nhu ds iS: gks
fygkt+k rqe vius t+ksgn o rd+ok vkSj btfrgkn ls bl nhu ds fy;s
gekjh enn djks vkSj ;kn j[kks [kqnk rqEgkjs gh nhu o vey dks d+cwy
djsxkA fygkt+k rqe vYykg ls Mjks vkSj viuh t+ckuksa ij d+kcw j[kks vkSj
viuh efLtnksa esa uekt+ i<+ks vius chekjksa dh b;knr djks tc yksx
rqels tqnk gks tk;sa rks rqe Hkh muls vyx gks tkvks [kqnk ml “k[l ij
jge djs ftlus gekjs vez dks ft+Unk fd;k vkidh f[kner esa vtZ+ fd;k
x;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! vki yksxksa ds vez dks ft+Unk djus ls D;k
eqjkn gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd nhunkjksa] vgys bYe vkSj vDyenksa ds
ut+nhd gekjs vez dk rt+fdjk djks fQj vkius Qjek;k fd d+le
c&[kqnk rqe lc fcyk “kqckg tUur esa nkf[ky gksaxsA ysfdu rqees ls oks
“k[l fdruk cqjk gS tks vkekys lkysg djus okyksa ds lkFk tUur esa rks
gksxk ysfdu ;g muds njfe;ku vey ds t+soj ls [kkyh gksxkA vkils
iwNk x;k fd ,slk “k[l Hkh ogk¡ gksxk\ vkius Qjek;k fd gk¡ ;g ml
“k[l dk gky gksxk tks vius f”kde viuh “keZxkg vkSj viuh t+cku ij
d+kcw u j[ksxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd rqe
gekjk ,slk dksbZ f”k;k u ikvksaxs ftlds nksuksa d+ne fQly tkrs gksa
vycÙkk tc mldk ,d ik¡o fQly tkrk gS rks oks nwljs ik¡o dk lgkjk
ysrk gS ;gk¡ rd dh fQlyk gqvk d+ne viuh vlyh gkyr ij vk tkrk
gSA
118
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkils ,d “k[l us fdlh ds
eqrkfYyd+ vt+Z fd;k fd Qyk¡ “k[l us viuk lRj [kksy fn;k gS vkSj
gjke dkeksa dk bjfrdkc fd;k gS vkSj Qjkbt+ dks g+dhj le>rk gS ;gka
rd fd mlus Qt+Z dks Hkh rdZ dj fn;k gS beke ckfd+jv-l- ml oDr Vsd
yxk;s cSBs Fks ;s lqudj vki lh/ks cSB x;s vkSj Qjek;k fd lqcgkuYykg
mlus QtZ+ uekt+ dks NksM+ fn;k gS fcyk “kqCgk QtZ+ uekt+ dks rdZ djuk
[kqnk ds ut+nhd xqukgs vt+he gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch rkfycv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius
Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk ftl cUnk&,&eqvfeu ds fny dks t+ksgn o
rd+ok ds fy;s ij[k ysrk gS rks oks t+:j gesa vius fny ls eqgCcr djus
yxrk gSA vkSj ftl cUns ls [kqnk ukjkt+ o uk[kq”k gksrk gS oks t+:j gesa
vius fny ls cqx+t+ o vnkor djrk gSa fygkt+k tks “k[l gels eqgCcr
djs rks mldks pkfg;s fd oks gels [kkfyl eqgCcr djs ml lksus dh rjg
ftlesa t+jk Hkh feykoV ugha gksrh vkSj ftlus gels cqx+t+ j[kk rks oks
cqx+t+ gh dh eaft+y ij gSA ge “kjhQ o uthc gSa gekjh vkSykn vkfEc;k
dh vkSykn gSa vkSj eSa reke vkSfl;k dk ljnkj gw¡ eSa vYykg vkSj mlds
jlwy ds “kqØ ls gw¡ vkSj ckd+h tekvr “kSrku ds y”dj esa ls gaS vkSj
“kSrku muesa ls gS il ftlus gekjs ckjs esa “kd fd;k vkSj gels vyx
gksdj gekjs nq”euksa esa tk feyk oks geesa ls ugha gS rqees ls vxj dksbZ ;s
tkuuk pkgs fd gels dkSu eqgCcr djrk gS vkSj dkSu vnkor djrk gS
rks igys mlds fny dks VVksyks vxj mlds fny esa gekjs fdlh nq”eu
dh eqgCcr gS rks ;s tku ysuk pkfg;s fd [kqnk o jlwy o eykbdk
ftczbZy o ehdkbZy mlds nq”eu gSa vkSj vYykg rks dkfQjksa dk nq”eu
gh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius vius ckvt+ f”k;ksa
dks olh;r djrs gq, Qjek;k fd ,d d+kSe us bl rjhd+s ls bYe gkfly
fd;k vkSj nwljh d+kSe us nwljs rjhd+s ls bYe gkfly fd;k vkius bldh
ik¡p fd+Lesa c;ku dh exj rqeus rks vius uch ds vgyscSrv-l- dk nkeu
idM+k gS fygkt+k rqe ij okftc gS fd t+ksgn o rd+ok ij ykft+e jgks
lp cksyks] vekurksa dks vnk djks D;ksafd [kqnk viuh brkvr ds cx+Sj dqN
Hkh lokc u nsxkA
119
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius vius ckvt+ f”kvksa dks
olh;r djrs gq, Qjek;k fd , fxjksgs f”kvk lquks! vkSj le>ks! gekjh
bu olh;rksa dks vkSj ml vgn dks tks ge vius eqfgCcksa ls ysrs gS rqe
lp cksyks vkSj viuh d+leksa dks iwjk djksA eky o nkSyr ls ckge ,d
nwljs dks enn djrs jgks vkSj vkil esa fny ls eqgCcr djks vius
eksgrktksa dks [kSjkr ckaVks vkSj bfÙkQkd+ o bfÙkgkn ij d+kbe jgks fdlh
ds lkFk edj o Qjsc tkylkt+h vkSj [k;kursa eqtfjekuk ls is”k u vkvks
;dhu ds ckn fny esa “kd u ykvks vkSj d+ne mBkus ds ckn cqt+fnyh ls
ihNs u gVks rqe esa ls dksbZ Hkh vius vgys eqgCcr dks ihB u fn[kk;s vkSj
x+Sj dh eqgCcr esa “kgor u gksuh pkfg;s vkSj rqEgkjh eon~nr rqEgkjs
flok;s u gks vkSj rqEgkjk vey x+Sj vYykg ds fy;s u gks vkSj rqEgkjk
bZeku o ed+lwn rqEgkjs uch ds flok dksbZ vkSj u gksA
o bLrbZuw fcYykfg ofLc: bUuy vjn% fyYykfg ;wfjlqgk eU; ;”kkvks
feu bckfngh oy vkfd+crks fyy eqRrd+hu 0 9&7@128
rtqZek % [kqnk ls enn ekaxksa vkSj lcz djks lkjh t+ehu rks [kqnk gh dh gS
oks vius cUnksa esa ls ftldks pkgs mldks okfjl ¼ekfyd½ cuk ns vkSj
[kkrek fcy [kSj rks cl ijgst+xkjksa gh dk gS fQj vkius Qjek;k fd
gekjs f”k;ksa esa ls vYykg o jlwy ds vkSfy;k o eqfgCchu ¼pkgus okys½ oks
gSa tks lp cksyrs gSa vkSj tc oknk djrs gSa rks oQk djrs gSa vkSj mudks
vekur nh xbZ gks rks vnk djrs gaS vkSj tc jkgs gd+ esa eqf”dykr dk
lkeuk gksrks lcz o t+Cr djrs gaS vkSj tc muls okftckr dk eqrkyck
¼ekax½ fd;k tkrk gS rks vnk dj nsrs gSa vkSj tc mudks gd+ ckr dk gqD+e
fn;k tkrk gS rks ml ij vey djrs gSa gekjs f”k;k oks gSa ftuds dkuksa
ls bYe ckgj ugha fudyrk gekjs f”k;k oks gaS tks ge ij ,sc yxkus okys
dh eng ugha djrs vkSj tks gels cqx+t+ j[krs gS muls oks rkvYyqd+ ugha
j[krs vkSj u gekjs Qt+kby esa rd+lhj djus okys vgys d+qyw dh lksgcr
bf[r;kj djrs gS vxj gekjs f”k;k fdlh eksfeu ls feyrs gSa rks mldh
bT+t+r djrs gSa vkSj vxj fdlh tkfgy ls eqykd+kr gks tkrh gS rks mlls
ijs gV tkrs gSa gekjs f”k;k oks gaS tks lnhZ dh otg ls HkkSadus okys dqÙkks
dh rjg ugha HkkSadrs vkSj u dOoksa dh rjg ykyp djrs gS vxj gekjs
120
f”k;k fdlh ls dqN ekaxrs gaS rks vius gh fdlh HkkbZ ls ekaxrs gaS [+okg oks
Hkw[k+ ls ej gh D;w¡ u tk;s gekjs f”k;k oks gSa tks gekjh gh ckr dgrs gSa
vkSj gekjh eqgCcr esa vius nksLrksa rd dks NksM+ nsrs gSa vkSj gekjs fy;s tks
nwj ds yksx gSa mudks vius ls d+jhc dj ysrs gaS vkSj tks d+jhc ds yksx
gSa mudks nwj dj nsrs gSa ml oDr gkft+jhu esa ls ,d “k[l us vt+Z fd;k
fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! eSa vki ij dqckZu gks tkÅa ,sls f”k;k dgk¡ feysaxs\
vkius Qjek;k fd t+ehu ds vrjkQ esa feysaxs oks cgqr gh raxnLr vkSj
x+jhc gksaxs exj mudh vka[ksa BaMh gksxh ¼g”kk”k o c”kk”k½ vxj mUgsa ns[kk
tk;s rks oks igpkus ugha tk ldrs vkSj vxj x+k;c gks tk;sa rks mUgsa <wa<+k
ugha tk ldrk vkSj chekj iM+ tk;sa rks mudh b;knr ugha dh tkrh vkSj
oks “kknh djuk pkgrs gaS rks muls “kknh o C;kg ugha fd;k tkrk gS vkSj
vxj fdlh jkg xqt+j ij vk x;s rks gV dj pyrs gaSA
o bt+k [kkrc%gqeqy tkfgywu% d+kyw lykeu oy yt+hu% ;chrwu% fyjfCcfge
lqTtno o fd+;kek 19&25@63&64A rtqZek % vkSj tc tkfgy muls
¼tgkyr½ dh ckrsa djrs gaS rks dgrs gSa fd lyke ¼rqe lyker jgks½ ml
“k[l us fQj vt+Z fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! mu yksxksa dk D;k gky
gksxk tks viuh t+ckuksa ls rks f”k;k gksus dk bd+jkj djrs gaS exj muds
fny r”khv ¼f”k;k mlwy½ ds cjf[kykQ gaS\ vkius Qjek;k fd mu ij
,d ,slk nkSj vk;sxk tks mUgsa Quk dj nsxk vkSj dhuk ckt+h ¼vnkor½
vkSj b[k+frykQ mUgas ekj Mkysxk [k+cjnkj! d+le gS ml t+kr dh ftlus
vius eykbdk ls gekjh benkn dh gS [kqnk mUgs vius gh gkFkksa ls d+Ry
djsxk il tc rqels dksbZ gnhl c;ku dh tk;s rks mldk bd+jkj djks
vkSj tc vka[k ls ns[kks rks rLnhd+ djks vkSj yM+uk&>xM+uk cUn djks
D;ksafd >xM+k rqedks vly eaft+ys ed+lwn ls nwj Mky nsxk [kqnk rqedks
d+;ker ls d+Cy mBkus ls cpk;s ojuk rqEgkjk [kwu t+kbv gks tk;sxk vkSj
rqEgkjh tkusa gykd gks tk;saxh vkSj rqEgkjs ckn tks yksx vk;saxs oks rqedks
cqjk&Hkyk dgsaxs vkSj rqe ns[kus okyksa ds fy;s bcjr cu tkvksxs oks “k[l
vey ds ,rckj ls cgqr csgrj gS tks vgys&nqfu;k vkSj vius ek¡&cki
vkSj Qjt+Unksa ls fQjkd+ b[kfr;kj djs vkSj [kqnk ds fy;s vius Hkkb;ksa ds
lkFk eqgCcr djsA ulhgr o rvkoqu djs [+okg oks gc”kh vkSj t+axh gh D;wa
121
u gks vxjps dksbZ cUnk eqvfeu viuh d+cz ls cjkst+ d+;ker fl;kg :g
ugha mBk;k tk;sxk cfYd oks cQZ dh ekfuan lQsn gksxk vkSj mldks
tUur ds ikuh ls xqLy fn;k x;k gksxkA oks ges”kk ckd+h jgus okyh
usver ik,¡xs mudks eykbdk eqd+jZchu vkSj vfEc;k eqjlyhu dh lksgcr
ulhc gksxh [kqnkoUns rvkyk ds ut+nhd ml cUns ls T+;knk dkbZ cank
eksvft+t+ ugha gS tks [kqnk ds fy;s “kgj cnj fd;k x;k gks ;gka rd fd
oks ftyk&oruh dh gkyr essa vius ijojfnxkj ls tk feys gekjs f”k;k
t+ehu ls eUt+j ;kfu d+;ker oxSjg ls Mjkus okys gSa vkSj rycxkjksa ds
fy;s fpjkxs jkg gaSA fu”kkukr vkSj uwj gSa vkSj vYykg dh brkvr djus
okyksa ds fy;s jguqek gSa vkSj ftu yksxksa us bekeksa ds eulc dk nkok
fd;k gS vkSj budh eq[kkfyQr dh gS rks mu ij gekjs f”k;k “kkfgn o
gqTtr gaS muds ikl tks vkrk gS lqdwu ikrk gS vkSj tks muls eqgCcr
djrk gS muds lkFk oks yqRQ vkSj esgjckuh ls is”k vkrs gSa gekjs f”k;k
l[k+h vkSj ekQ djus okys vkSj jge djus okys gaS rkSjkr o bathy vkSj
dqjvku esa gekjs f”k;ksa dh ;s flQ%rsa vkSj muds xq.k gSaA
gekjs f”k;ksa esa ls tks vkfye gksrk gS viuh t+cku dks d+kcw esa j[krk
gS vkSj vYykg o jlwy dh brkvr ls mldks [kq”kh gkfly gksrh gS vkSj
gekjs nq”euksa ds fy;s viuh rnchj dks vius fny esa Nqik;s j[krk gS vkSj
tc losjs fudyrk gS rks oks muds reke ,scksa ¼cqjkbZ½ ls okfd+Q gksrk gS
exj muds fy;s vius fny esa tks j[krk gS mldks t+kfgj ugha djrk
muds cqjs vkeky dks viuh vka[kksa ls ns[krk jgrk gS vkSj vius dkuksa ls
mudh cqjkb;ksa dks lqurk jgrk gS vkSj viuh t+cku ls muds fy;s cn~nqvk
djrk gS muls cqx+t+ j[kus okys mlds nksLr gksrs gSaA vkSj muls eqgCcr
j[kus okys mlds nq”eu gksrs gaS ml oDr beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ,d “k[l
us iwNk fd esjs ek¡&cki vki ij fQnk gks ,sls “k[l ds fy;s lokc gh D;k
gks ldrk gS tks lqcg vkSj “kke veu o pSu ds lkFk xqt+kjrk vkSj jkr
Hkh egQwt+ gkyr esa clj djrk gks mldk ntkZ gh D;k vkSj lokc D;k\
vkius Qjek;k fd vkleku dks ml ij lk;k djus dk gqDe fn;k tk;sxk
vkSj t+ehu dks mldh bT+t+r djus dk gqDe fn;k tk;sxk ml “k[+l us
vt++Z fd;k fd mldh nqfu;koh flQr D;k gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
loky djsxk rks ik;sxk vxj nqvk djsxk rks tokc feysxk vkSj ryc
djsxk rks ik;sxk fdlh et+ywe dh enn djsxk rks oks vt+ht+ gksxkA
122
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius vius ckvt++ f”k;ksa
dks olh;r djrs gq, Qjek;k fd rqe yksxksa ds mEnk v[kykd+ dks
viukvksa mudh efLtnksa esa uekt+ i<+ks muds chekjksa dh fet+kt iwjlh
djks vkSj muds tukt+ksa esa “kjhd gqvk djks vkSj rqe is”k beke vkSj
eqvfT+t+u cu ldrs gks rks cuks D;ksafd tc rqe bu ckrksa ij vey djksxs
rks yksx dgsaxs fd ;s Qyka ds iS: gS [kqnk Qyka ij jge djs blus vius
bfRrckv o vlgkc dks fdrus vPNs vknkc fl[kk;s gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius vius ckvt+ f”k;ksa
ls Qjek;k fd rqe t+ksgn o rd+ok vkSj btfrgkn ij ykft+e jgks] lp
cksyks] vekurksa dks vnk djks vkSj ftl jkLrs ij rqe gks ml ij d+kbe
jgks D;ksafd tc rqees ls fdlh dh tku gydwe rd vk igq¡prh gS rks ml
oDr [kq”k gksrk gSA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd vxj rqe ft+Unk jgs rks
oks pht+ ns[kksxs ftlls rqEgkjh vka[ks B.Mh gksaxh vkSj vxj rqe bUrsd+ky
dj x;s rks [kqnk dh d+le rqe csgrjhu lyQ+ ls tk feyksxsA [kqnk dh
d+le rqe vYykg ds nhu vkSj esjs vkck&vks&vtnkn ds nhu ij gks
[kqnk dh d+le vkck&vks&vtnkn ls eqjkn flQZ eqgEen fcu vyhv-l-
vkSj vyh fcu gqlSuv-l- gh ugha gS cfYd bu nksuksa gt+jkr ds lkFk&lkFk
gt+jr bczkfge o bLekbZy vkSj bLgkd+ o ;kdwcv-l- Hkh gaS bu lcdk ,d
gh nhu gS rqe [kqnk ls Mjks vkSj t+ksgn o rd+ok ls gekjh benkn djksA
[kqnk dh d+le uekt+] t+dkr vkSj gt flQZ rqEgh ls d+cwy fd;s tk;saxs
vkSj rqedksa [kqnk ekQ djsxk ysfdu bruk ;kn j[kks fd gekjs f”k;k ogha
gSa tks gekjh iSjoh djrs gSa gekjh eq[k+kfyQr ugha djrs tc ge Mjrs gSa
rks oks Hkh Mjrs gSa vkSj tc ge veu o veku esa jgrs gaS rks oks Hkh veu
o lqdwu esa jgrs gSa ;gh yksx gekjs f”k;k gaSA bcyhl tc yksxksa esa x;k
rks mUgksaus mldh brkvr dh vkSj tc oks gekjs f”k;ksa ds ikl vk;k rks
mUgksaus mldh brkvr djus ls badkj dj fn;k blfy;s bcyhl us yksxksa
dks f”k;ksa ds f[kykQ HkM+dk fn;k il ;gh lcc gS fd gekjs f”k;ksa dks
mudh rjQ ls elkbc igq¡prs gSaA
123
gqCcs vgyscSrgqCcs vgyscSrgqCcs vgyscSrgqCcs vgyscSrgqCcs vgyscSrv-l-v-l-v-l-v-l-v-l- dk c;ku dk c;ku dk c;ku dk c;ku dk c;ku
gqCc o oyk dh rjx+hcgqCc o oyk dh rjx+hcgqCc o oyk dh rjx+hcgqCc o oyk dh rjx+hcgqCc o oyk dh rjx+hc
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
dqy yk vlvyqdqe vySfg vtju bYyy eoÌr% fQy dqjck 25&42@23
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa bl ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr½ dk vius
d+jkcrnkjksa ¼vgyscSrv-l-½ dh eqgCcr ds flok rqels dksbZ flyk ugha
ekaxrkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkids
f”k;k dh ,d tekvr vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j gqbZ muds lkFk ,d vU/
kk “k[l Hkh Fkk muesa ls fdlh us dgk fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! ;s “k[l
vkils eqgCcr djrk gS ;s lquuk Fkk fd vki xt+cukd lwjr esa mldh
rjQ eqroTtk gq, vkSj Qjek;k fd csgrjhu eqgCcr oks gS tks vYykg o
jlwy ds fy;s dh tk;s mlds flok fdlh vkSj ls eqgCcr esa dksbZ [kS+j o
[kwch ugha gS bruk Qjekus ds ckn vkius nks ckj vius nLrs eqckjd dks
fgyk;k vkSj Qjek;k fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh f[kner esa valkj us
vkdj vtZ+ fd;k fd ,s jlwys [kqnklvo ge xqejkg Fks rks vYykg rvkyk
us gesa vkids t+fj;s fgnk;r nh ge eksgrkt Fks rks vYykg rvkyk us gesa
vkids t+fj;s x+uh cuk fn;k blfy;s vki gekjs eky o nkSyr esa ls tks
pkgsa ryc Qjek;sa oks ge vkidks ns nsaxs ml oD+r vYykg rvkyk us
vk;r eon~nr ukft+y QjekbZ fd %
dqy yk vlvyqdqe vySfg vtju bYyy eoÌr% fQy dqjck 25&42@23
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa bl ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr½ dk vius
d+jkcrnkjksa ¼vgyscSrv-l-½ dh eqgCcr ds flok rqels dksbZ flyk ugha
ekaxrkA bl vk;r eoÌr dks frykor djus ds ckn lkfnd+ vkys
eksgEenv-l- us vius nLrs eqckjd dks vkleku dh rjQ cqyUn fd;k vkSj
bruk jks, fd vkidh nk<+h vk¡lqvksa ls rj gks xbZ fQj vkius Qjek;k fd
[kqnk dk “kqØ gS fd mlus gedks Qt+hyr vrk QjekbZA
124
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkils vk;rs djhek %
dqy yk vlvyqdqe vySfg vtju bYyy eoÌr% fQy dqjck 25&42@23
ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k Fkk rks vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck vUlkj us
vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh f[k+ner es gkft+j gks dj vt+Z fd;k fd ,s jlwys
[kqnklvo- vki gekjs ikl ml oDr r”kjhQ yk;s tc ge xqejkg Fks rks
vYykg rvkyk us vkids t+fj;sa ls gedks fgnk;r nh vkSj ge eksgrkt
Fks rks vkids t+fj;sa vYykg rvkyk us gedks roaxj ¼vPNk gky½ cuk
fn;k ;s gekjh nkSyr gS vki blesa ls ftruk pkgs ys ysa ml oD+r vYykg
rvkyk us vk;r eoÌr ukft+y QjekbZ
Z dqy yk vlvyqdqe & & & 25&42@23
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkils vk;r eon~nr ds ckjs iwNk x;k
rks vkius Qjek;k fd eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds okLrs vkids vgyscSrvl-
dh eon~nr [kqnk dh tkfuc ls canksa ij Qt+Z gSA mEer esa vk;rs eon~nr
dh rkohy esa pkj fQjds+ gks x;s gSa muesa ls ,d fQjd+k bl vk;r dh
ogh rkvohy djrk gS tks geus Åij c;ku fd;k gS fd ;s vk;rs djhek
vgyscSr , jlwyv-l- ds ckjs esa ukft+y gqbZ gS voke us gt+jr bCus
vCckljv- ls fjok;r ud+y dh gS fd tc vk;rs eon~nr ukft+y gqbZ rks
yksxksa us jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh f[k+ner esa vtZ+ fd;k ,s iSx+Ecjs [kqnkl-v-o-
oks dkSu v”[kkl gSa ftuls ge eqgCcr djsa\ vkius Qjek;k fd vyhv-l-
o Qkfrekv-l- vkSj mudh vkSyknA
nwljk fQjd+k ;s dgrk gS fd vk;rs djhek eon~nrs vgyscSrs
jlwyv-l- ds flyflys esa t+:j ukft+y gqbZ Fkh exj oks bl vk;r ls
eulw[k gks pqdh gS %
dqy ek lvyrqdqe feu vtfju Qgqo% ydqe bu vtfj;% bYyk
vyYykfg 22&34@47A rtqZek % ¼, jlwy½ rqe ;g Hkh dg nks fd
¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr dh½ eSaus rqels dqN mtjr ekaxh gks rks og rqEgh dks
125
¼eqckjd½ gks esjh mtjr rks cl [kqnk ij gSA bu yksxks us viuh bl
rkohy ls vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- dh bl eoÌr dk badkj dj fn;k ftls [kqnk
us Qt+Z fd;k Fkk gkykafd oks vgyscSrv-l- ds Qt+y o deky vkSj jlwys
vdjel-v-o- ds ut+nhd mudk tks eqd+ke gS blesa mudks dksbZ “kd ugha
gSA mUgksaus vYykg rvkyk ds ,d ,sls Qt+Z dks lkfd+r dj fn;k gS ftls
mlus QtZ+ fd;k Fkk vkSj ,d ,slh vk;r dk gqDe lkfd+r dj fn;k ftl
gqDe dks [kqnk us viuh fdrkc esa okftc o ykft+e d+jkj fn;k Fkk mUgksaus
,slk vYykg rvkyk ds vkSfy;k&,&fdjke ls cqx+t+ o vnkor vkSj
fdrkcYykg ls tgkyr dh fcuk ij fd;k gSA il mUgsa ekywe gksuk
pkfg;s fd vk;rs djhek %
dqy ek lvyrqdqe feu vtfju & & & 22&34@47
nks ckrksa ls [kkyh ugha ;k rks ;s vk;r
dqy yk vlvyqdqe & & & 25&42@23 ls igys ukft+y gqbZ gS ;k
mlds ckn vxj ukft+y gqbZ gS rks vk;r eoÌr fQy dqjck dh rkd+hn
o rkslhd+ esa ukft+y gqbZ gS D;ksafd
dqy ek lvyrqdqe feu vtfju & & & 22&34@47 esa dksbZ ,slh ckr
ugha gS tks vtjs fjlkyr dks lkfd+r djs cfYd bl vk;rs djhek esa rks
ijojfnxkjs vkye us ;s crk;k gS fd eon~nr dk vtj mUgh dks feysxk
tc oks vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- ls eqgCcr djsa rks mudks vtj o lokc feysxk
,slk ugha gS fd eon~nr dk vtj jlwyYykgl-v-o- dks feysxk ;s rks cgqr
gh okt+sg vkSj lkQ ckr gS vxj e[kQh gS rks tkfgy gh ij e[k+Qh gS
vkSj bldk badkj flQZ cqx+t+ o bukn ¼nq”euh½ j[kus okyk gh dj ldrk
gS il ;s nksuksa vk;rsa lkfcr vkSj ckd+h gSa fc&gEnks fyYykg u rks buesa
ls dksbZ ukfl[k gS vkSj u eulw[k gS cfYd ;s nksuksa vk;rsa ,d&nwljs dh
rkd+hn o rkslhd+ djrh gSA
126
rhljk fQjd+k dgrk gS fd vk;rs eon~nr vjc ds reke yksxksa
ds eqrkfYyd+ gS mUgksaus bl vk;r dh ;s rkohy vkSj ekvuh egt+ vkys
jlwyv-l- ls cqx+t+ o vnkor dh otg ls dh gS mudh rkohy dk eryc
;s gS fd vk;rs eon~nr esa jlwys vdjel-v-o- us ;s loky fd;k gS fd rqe
yksx esjs vd+jck ls eqgCcr djds eq>ls eqgCcr dj ldrs gks oks dgrs
gaS fd bldh otg ;s gS fd vjc ds reke [kkunkuksa esa vkidh d+jkcr
ikbZ tkrh gSA ;s mUgksaus vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- ds Qt+y o deky ds badkj
esa fugk;r eqckfyx+k vkest+ ckr dgh gS mUgksaus uch djhel-v-o- dh d+jkcr
dks reke vjcksa esa ckaV dj QT+ys vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- ls badkj dk viuk
ekSfd+Q] et+cwr o egQwt+ cuk fn;k gS oks dgrs gSa fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
reke vjcksa ls ;s loky fd;k gS fd pwafd lc vjc vkidh d+jkcr esa gSa
blfy;s oks vkils eqgCcr djsaA ysfdu loky ;s iSnk gksrk gS fd vxj
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us vtjs fjlkyr dk loky eqvfeuhu ls fd;k gS rks oks
vki ij bZeku ykus vkSj vkidh rLnhd+ djus dh otg ls vkils eqgCcr
djsaxs vkSj vYykg rvkyk us mu ij vkids t+fj;s ls fgnk;r nsdj tks
,glku fd;k gS mldh otg ls oks eqgCcr djsaxs vkSj vxj muds dgus
ds eqrkfcd+ bl vk;r ds eq[kkfrc dq¶Qkj gSa rks vkagt+jrl-v-o- mu yksxksa
ls fdl rjg vtjs fjlkyr dk loky dj ldrs gaS ftUgksaus vkidh
rLnhd+ Hkh ugha dh gS xjt+ mu yksxksa us vk;rs eon~nr dks reke vjcksa
ds fy;s e[klwl djds viuh tgkyr vkSj cqx+t+ o vnkor dk lqcwr
fn;k gSA mUgksaus vk;rs eon~nr dh bl rkohy ls [kqnk dh fdrkc esa
rgjhQ vkSj mlds dyke esa rx+ ;qj o rcn~nqy fd;k gS tcfd b”kkZns
ckjh rvkyk bl rjg ls gS fd %
oYyt+hu% vkeuw o vfeyql lkfygkfr Qh jkst+kfry tUUkkfr ygqe ek
;”kkÅu% bUn% jfCcfge t+kfyd% gqoy Qt+yqy dchj 0 t+kfydy yt+h
127
;qcf””k:Yykgks bckngqy yt+hu% vkeuw o vfeyql lkfygkfr dqy yk
vlvyqdqe vySfg vtju bYyy eoÌr% fQy dqjck 25&42@22&23
rtqZek % vkSj ftUgksaus bZeku d+cwy fd;k vkSj vPNs&vPNs dke fd;s oks
cfg”r ds ckxksa esa gksaxs oks tks dqN pkgsaxs muds ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg
esa ¼ekStwn½ gS ¼;gh [kqnk dk½ cM+k Qt+y gS ;gh buke gS ftldh [kqnk
vius mu cUnksa dks [kq”k[kcjh nsrk gS tks bZeku yk;s vkSj usd dke djrs
jgs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa bl ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr½ dk vius
d+jkcrnkjksa ¼vgyscSrv-l-½ dh eqgCcr ds flok rqels dksbZ flyk ugha
ekaxrkA bl vk;r esa [kqnk us reke eqvfeuhu ls f[krkc djds Qjek;k
gS blesa vjc o vte ds reke eqvfeuhu “kkfey gaS tks vYykg vkSj
mlds jlwy eqgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ij bZeku yk;s gSa vYykg rvkyk us
mu ij okftc dj fn;k gS fd oks jlwys vdjel-v-o- ds d+jkcrnkjksa
¼vgyscSrv-l-½ ls eqgCcr o eon~nr djsaA ;s ckr blds fy;s cgqr gh
okt+sg vkSj jks”ku gS ftldks [kqnk us Qsge o clhjr dh rkSQhd+ vkSj
fgnk;r vrk dh gSA
pkSFkk fQjd+k ;s dgrk gS fd vk;rs eon~nr fQy dqjck ls eqjkn
vYykg ds ,gdke ij vey djds mldh dqjcr gkfly djuk gS ;s
cgqr cbZn ¼nwj½ ekvuh vkSj x+kfet+ rkohy gS bl vk;r ds t+kfgjh
vYQkt+ ls ;s evuh ugha fudyrs nj&gd+hd+r ;s rkohy glu cljh ls
eudwy gSA ftldk vd+hnk vkys eqgEenv-l- ds lkFk nq:Lr ugha Fkk
mldh cn&vd+hnxh ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk D;ksafd mlus vk;rs
eon~nr ds fugk;r Qkfln ekvuh c;ku fd;s gSa gkykafd eon~nr fQy
dqjck es c&t+kfgj dksbZ ,slh nyhy ugha gS fd dqjck ls eqjkn [kqnk dh
dqjcr yh tk;s vxj [kqnk ds dyke esa bl rgjhQ djus okys dh ;s ckr
eku yh tk;s rks fQj ;gk¡ ij ^^eon~nr** ds D;k ekvuh gksaxs vkSj
^^vtj** ds ft+Ø dk D;k eryc gksxk\ [kqnk ds dyke esa bl rgjhQ
djus okys us viuh rjQ ls ,d ,slh ckr is”k dh gS ftlls mlus [kqnk
dh fdrkc esa rgjhQ iSnk dj fn;k gSA
bl ekvuh ds lkFk&lkFk ;s gsj Qsj djus okys gt+jr bCus
vCcklj-v- dk oks d+kSy Hkh ud+y djrs gSa tks geus Åij c;ku dj fn;k
gS fd ,d erZck yksxksa us vkagt+jrlvo- ls vk;r eon~nr fQy dqjck ds
eqrkfYyd+ nj;k¶+r fd;k fd ,s vYykg ds jlwy! oks ^vgys dqjck** dkSu
128
yksx gSa ftuls ge vkids fy;s eqgCcr djsa\ vkius Qjek;k fd vyhvl-
o Qkfrekv-l- vkSj mudh vkSyknv-l- gSa il vkagt+jrl-v-o- us yksxksa dks mu
ikdht+k gfLr;ksa ls okfd+Q dj fn;k ftuls eqgCcr djus dk gqDe [kqnk
us fn;k Fkk vkSj vki ij tks gqDe ukft+y gqvk Fkk mldks vkius okt+sg
dj fn;k fd ckr fcYdqy okts+g vkSj e”kgwj o ev:Q gks tk;s vkSj fQj
gj oks “k[+l eqLrgd+s eon~nr gksus dk nkok u dj lds ftldks jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- ls t+jk Hkh d+jkcr gS vxj vkids vgys d+jkcr bldk nkok Hkh
djsa rks eon~nr dk bl~rsgd+kd+ mlh dks gkfly gksxk tks c&fygkts+
d+jkcr lcls T+;knk vkils vd+jc gS exj rkjh[k xokg gS fd vkids
vgyscSrv-l- ds flok fdlh vkSj d+jkcrnkj us bldk nkok ugha fd;k gSA
gt+jr bCus vCckl jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls rks ;s fjok;r ud+y djrs
gSa fd eon~nr fQy dqjck esa ckotwn ;s fd oks vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds d+jkcrnkj
gSa mudks dksbZ gt+ gkfly ugha gS cfYd ;s gt+ jlwys vdjel-v-o- ds c;ku
ds eqrkfcd+ vyhv-l- vkSj vbEek&,&rkfgjhuvl- ds fy;s e[klwl gS il
dykes bykgh esa bl rgjhQ djus okys us u rks fdrkcYykg ds t+kfgjh
c;ku dh iSjoh dh u rks jlwyYykgl-v-o- us ^vgys eon~nr** ds flyflys
esa viuh mEer ds fy;s tks ot+kgr QjekbZ Fkh mldh bd+frnk dh cfYd
ml eqgfjZQ us rks [kqnk o jlwy dh ljklj eq[kkfyQr dh vkSj ftu
vQjkn ls [kqnk us eqgCcr djus dk gqDe fn;k Fkk muls cqx+t+ o vnkor
dh fcuk ij ml eqgfjZQ us viuh jk; vkSj rch;r ls ,d ,slh ckr iSnk
dh tks mlds fy;s eksgfyd ¼?kkrd½ Fkh mlus rks [kqnk o jlwy ij tqvZr
dh gS [kqnk dh iukg xqejkgh vkSj tgkyr ls vkSj bl fd+Le dh Qkfln
rkohykr ls ;s gekjk ekst+wvs cgl ugha gS fd ge bl ij et+hn xq¶rxq
djsa ysfdu geus tks dqN c;ku dj fn;k gS oks bU”kk vYykg dkQh gksxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius vius f”k;ksa ls
f[krkc djds Qjek;k fd D;k eSa rqe yksxksa dks ml usdh ls eqRryv
¼vkxkg½ u d:¡ fd ftldk djus okyk d+;ker ds fnu [k+kSQ ls ekewu
jgsxk vkSj D;k eSa rqedks ml cnh ls [kcjnkj u d:¡ fd ftlds djus
okys dks [kqnk eq¡g ds cy tgUue es Mkysxk\ yksxksa us vt+Z fd;k fd gk¡
,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! vki t+:j gedks crkb;sA vkius Qjek;k fd oks usdh
gekjh eqgCcr gS vkSj oks cnh gels cqx+t+ o vnkor j[kuk gSA
129
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS fd ,d erZck [kqjklku ls dqN yksx
vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j gq, vkius muesa ,d ,sls “k[l dks ns[kk ftlds
nksuksa iSj t+[eh Fks mlls vkius iwNk fd ;s D;k gqvk\ ml “k[l us dgk
fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! lQj dh nwjh dh otg ls ,slk gqvk gS vkSj d+le
c&[kqnk eSa tgk¡ ls vk;k gw¡ ogk¡ ls eq>s flQZ vki vgyscSrs fdjkev-l- dh
eqgCcr [khap dj ykbZ gS beke ckfd+jv-l- us ml “k[l ls Qjek;k fd
d+le c&[kqnk eSa rqedks ;s c”kkjr nsrk gw¡ fd rqe d+;ker ds jkst+ gekjs
lkFk mBksaxs ml “k[l us vkils fQj vt+Z fd;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! D;k
vki yksxksa ds lkFk esjk g”kz gksxk\ vkius Qjek;k fd gk¡ tks cUnk&,&[kqnk
gels eqgCcr djsxk [kqnk mldks d+;ker ds jkst+ gekjs lkFk mBk;sxkA
nhu flQZ eqgCcr gS vYykg rvkyk us Hkh Qjek;k gS fd %
dqy bu dqurqe rqfgCcwuYykg% QRrfcÅuh ;qgfccdqeqYykgks 3&3@31
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwyl-v-o- bu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd rqe [kqnk dks nksLr j[krs
gks rks esjh iSjoh djks fd [kqnk Hkh rqe dks nksLr j[ksxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg
rvkyk us viuh [k+ykbd+ esa ,d e[k+ywd+ dks gekjh eqgCcr ds fy;s iSnk
fd;k gS vkSj ,d e[k+ywd+ dks gels cqx+t+ o vnkor djus ds fy;s iSnk
fd;k gSA vxj dksbZ ,slk “k[+l ftlus gels eqgCcr dh gS oks viuh bl
jk; ls fudy dj nwljh jk; dh rjQ ekby gks tk;s rks [kqnk mldks
igyh jk; dh rjQ ;kfu gekjh eqgCcr dh rjQ okil ykSVk nsxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc rqEgkjh tku
gYd+ rd vk igq¡ps rks ml oD+r vyh dh eqgCcr rqedks lcls T+;knk
uQv c[+”k gksxh vkSj vkils ;s Hkh fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck ft+;knqy
vlon tc vkidh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gq, rks vkidh ut+j muds iSjksa ij
iM+h vkius muls Qjek;k fd ,s ft+;kn ;s t+[+e dSls gSa\ mUgksaus dgk fd
,s esjs vkd+k eSa ,d det+ksj Å¡V ij lokj gqvk Fkk vkSj “kkgjkg ¼vke
jkLrk½ ij pyk Fkk esjs ikl eky ¼:i;s½ ugha Fks fd ftlls Qjck
¼ran:Lr½ Å¡V [kjhnrk vkSj ;s Å¡V Hkh eSaus rhu&pkj pht+ksa dks feykdj
[k+jhnk Fkk ;s lquuk Fkk fd beke ckfd+jv-l- ij fjDdr rkjh gks xbZ vkSj
vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw FkjFkjkus yxs ft+;knqy vlon us vtZ+ fd;k fd ,s vkd+k
130
vki ij esjh tku dqckZu d+le c&[kqnk eSa cgqr gh xqukgxkj vkSj viuh
tku ij bljkQ djus okyk gw¡A clk vkSd+kr rks eSa cksy mBrk gw¡ fd eSa
gykd gks x;kA fQj tc eSa vki vgyscSrs fdjkev-l- dh gqc o oyk ;kn
djrk gw¡ rks eSa ex+fQjr dh mEehn djus yxrk gw¡ ml oD+r beke
ckfd+jv-l- us ft+;knqy vlon dh tkfuc f[k+rkc djrs gq, Qjek;k fd
lqCgkuYykg nhu Qd+r eksgCcr gS vkSj [kqnkoUns rvkyk us Hkh viuh
fdrkc esa Qjek;k gS fd %
gCcc% bySdqeqy bZeku% o t+ ;ugw Qh dqywfcdqe 26&49@7
[kqnk us rqEgs bZeku dh eqgCcr nh gS vkSj mlh dks rqEgkjs fnyks esa mEnk
dj fn[kk;k gS vkSj [kqnk dk ;g Hkh b”kkZn gS %
dqy bu dqurqe rqfgCcquYykg% QRrfcÅuh ;qgfccdqeqYykgks 3&3@31
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy bu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd vxj rqe [kqnk dks nksLr j[krs
gks rks esjh iSjoh djks fd [kqnk Hkh rqedks nksLr j[ksxkA vkSj [kqnk us ;g
Hkh Qjek;k gS fd %
;qfgCcwu% eu gktj% bySfge 28&59@9
rtqZek % vkSj tks yksx mudh rjQ fgtjr djds vk;s muls eqgCcr djrs
gSaA fQj beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,d erZck ,d ,vjkch jlwyYykglvo-
dh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gqvk vkSj mlus dgk fd ,s jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- eSa
uekft+;ksa ls eqgCcr djrk gw¡ exj [kqn uekt+ ugha i<+rk vkSj jkst+knkjksa
ls eqgCcr djrk gw¡ exj [kqn jkst+k ugha j[krk gw¡ beke ckfd+jvl- us
Qjek;k fd ,vjkch us tks ;s dgk Fkk fd eSa uekt+ ugha i<+rk gw¡ vkSj u
jkst+k j[krk gw¡A mlls mldh eqjkn rrOoks ;kfu uQy uekt+ vkSj jkst+k
ls Fkh Qt+Z uekt+ o jkst+k ls ughaA jlwys vdjel-v-o- us ,vjkch ls tc
;s lquk rks vkius Qjek;k fd rqEgkjk g”kz muds lkFk gksxk ftuls rqe
eqgCcr djrs gks bl rt+fdjk ds ckn beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd rqe
yksx D;k pkgrs gks\ d+le c&[kqnk vxj dksbZ ,slk [kkSQukd vez okds
131
gks tk;s ftlls yksx ljklhek vkSj [k+kSQt+nk gks tk;sa rks ml oDr rqe
gekjh iukg esa gksaxs vkSj ge gekjs uch djhel-v-o- dh iukg esa gksaxsA eSa rqe
dks [kq”k[kcjh lqukrk gw¡ fd rqe d+;ker ds jkst+ fcyk&”kqckg gekjs lkFk
gksaxs [kqnk dh d+le rqedks vkSj rqEgkjs vx+;kj ¼x+Sjksa½ dks [kqnk dksbZ elkoh
¼cjkcj dk½ ntkZ u nsxk vkSj u muds fy;s dksbZ bT+t+r o djker gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS ,d erZck vkius vius
vlgkc ls Qjek;k fd ge rqe vkSj gekjs bfRrckv esa ls tc dksbZ “k[l
vius ?kj esa dqjvkus ikd dh frykor djrk gS rks oks vkleku okyksa ds
fy;s mlh rjg pedrk gS ftl rjg vkleku ds jks”ku flrkjs t+ehu
okyksa ds fy;s pedrs gaS vkils ;s Hkh fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck ,d “k[+l
us vkids ikl fdlh ds bafrd+ky dk rt+fdjk djrs gq, dgk fd ,s
Qjt+Uns jlwy! ejgwe vki yksxksa ds ckjs esa gqLus t+u ¼vPNk [;ky½ j[krk
Fkk vkSj vki yksxksa dk eqfgc Fkk ml “k[+l ls beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l-
us Qjek;k fd gels tks cUnk Hkh eqgCcr djsxk oks cjksts+ d+;ker gekjs
lkFk gksxk vkSj gekjs lk;s esa gksxk vkSj efUt+yr o njtkr esa Hkh gekjk
ge lksgcr gksxkA d+le c&[kqnk dksbZ cUnk gels ml oDr rd eqgCcr
ugha dj ldrk tc rd fd [kqnk mlds fny dks ikd u dj ns vkSj [kqnk
mlds fny dks ml oDr rd ikd u djsxk tc rd fd oks gekjh
beker dks rlyhe u djsxk tcfd oks gesa crkSj beke rlyhe djsxk rks
[kqnk mldks cjkst+ d+;ker fglkcs cn ls cpk;sxk vkSj oks [k+kSQs vt+he
ls egQwt+ jgsxkA gekjh beker dks rlyhe djus okys ml oDr [kq”k
gksrs gSa tc mudh tku ;gk¡ rd vk igq¡prh gS vkius vius nLr eqckjd
ls vius gYd+ dh rjQ b”kkjk djds crk;kA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d erZck vius
f”k;ksa ls Qjek;k fd rqe yksxksa us rks gekjh ekvfjQr Hkh dh exj nwljs
yksxksa us rks gesa lkQ badkj dj fn;k rqe yksxksa us gels eqgCcr dh vkSj
nwljs yksxksa us cqx+t+ o vnkor rqe yksxksa us ge ls rvYyqd+ iSnk fd;k
vkSj nwljksa us d+rv rvYyqd+ fd;k blfy;s [kqnk rqedks ljdkjs nks
vkye eqgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh jQkd+r ls uokt+sxk vkSj rqedks muds
gkSt+&,&dkSlj ls lSjkc djsxkA
132
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS ,d erZck vkids ikl fdlh us vcq
gqjsjk “kkbj ¼”kk;j½1 dk rt+fdjk fd;k vkius Qjek;k fd [kqnk vcq gqjsjk
“kkbj ij jge djs ml oDr gkft+jhu esa ls fdlh us vcq gqjsjk “kkbj ds
eqrkfYyd+ dqN ,slh ckr dgh ftlls oks vkidks vcq gqjsjk “kkbj et+dwj
dh tkfuc ls cnt+u djuk pkgrk Fkk exj vkius mldh ckr lquus ds
ckn Hkh ;gh Qjek;k fd [kqnk vcq gqjsjk “kkbj ij jge djs ,s “k[l ok,
¼vQlksl½ gks rq> ij D;k vyh ds f”k;k dks c[+“k nsuk [kqnk ds fy;s dksbZ
nq”okj ckr gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd oks enZ
eqfeu tks gekjh oyk;r o eqgCcr ij lkfcr d+ne gS vxj mldks bl
nqfu;k esa nj[rksa ds flok fdlh vkSj pht+ dk lk;k e;Llj u gks vkSj
mldh ifRr;ksa ds flok dksbZ vkSj fx+t+k u gksrks mlls mldks dksbZ t+jj
¼uqd+lku½ u igqapsxk yksxksa dk rks ;s gky gS fd oks gels nk,a&ck,a gks x;s
exj ,d rqe gks fd gels ykft+e o eqrkfYyd+ jgs ml oDr gkft+jhu esa
ls fdlh us vt+Z fd;k fd eSa vki ij dqckZu gks tk¡Å [kqnkoUns rvkyk ls
gesa bl ckr dh iwjh mEehn gS fd oks gedks vkSj voke dks elkoh ntkZ
u nsxkA vkius Qjek;k fd d+le c&[kqnk gjfxt+ ,slk ugha gks ldrk
muds fy;s rks dksbZ bT+t+r o djker ugha gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius vius f”k;ksa ls
f[krkc djds Qjek;k fd rqEgsa oks myqy vyckc ;kfu lkfgckus vD+y o
gks”k gks ftudk rt+fdjk [kqnk us viuh fdrkc esa bl rjg fd;k gS %
bUuek ;rt+Ddjks myqy vyckc 13&13@19A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
1 fdrkc “kjgqy&v[kckj ds lksygosa tq+t+ esa ;s fjok;r eSewuqy&v;knh
ls bl rjg eudwy gS fd beke ckfd+jv-l- ds ut+nhd vcq gqjsjk “kkbj dk
tc mlus rt+fdjk fd;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd [kqnk ml ij jge djsA
eSewu dgrs gS fd eSaus vt+Z fd;k fd oks rks “kjkch Fkk mlds tokc esa
vkius nksckjk Qjek;k fd [kqnk ml ij jge djs ok, gks rq> ij ,s eSewu
D;k vyh ds f”k;k dks c[+“k nsuk [kqnk ds fy, dksbZ nq”okj ckr gS\
133
rtqZek % blls rks cl dqN le>nkj yksx gh ulhgr gkfly djrs gSA
il rqedks c”kkjr gS fd rqedks ijojfnxkjs vkye dh tkfuc ls nks
glukr esa ls fdlh ,d ls t+:j uokt+k tk;sxkA ;k rks vYykg rvkyk
rqedks brus vjls rd ft+Unk j[ksxk fd rqe oks reke pht+sa viuh vk¡[kksa
ls ns[k yksxsa ftudh rjQ rqe viuh xnZus njkt+ djrs Fks il vYykg
ty “kkugw mlls rqEgkjs fnyksa dh I;kl vkSj rM+i dks nwj dj nsxk tSlk
fd [kqnkoUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o ;”kfQ lqnwj% d+kSfee eqfeuhu 0 o ;qt+fgc xSt+% dqywfcfge 10&9@14&15
rtqZek % vkSj bZekunkj yksxksa ds dysts B.Mk djsxk vkSj mu eqvfeuhu ds
fny dh ijs”kkfu;k¡ tks mlls ¼dq¶Qkj ls½ igq¡p jgh gS nQk ¼nwj½ djsxk
vkSj vxj rqe bl eat+j ds fn[kus ls igys bUrsd+ky dj x;s rks rqe
vYykg ds ml nhu ij oQkr ikvksxs ftls mlus vius iSx+Ecjl-v-o- ds
fy;s ilan Qjek fy;k gS vkSj fQj rqe mlh nhu ij ecÅl gksaxs [kqnk
dh d+le d+;ker ds jkst+ [kqnk cUnksa ls ogh nhu d+cwy djsxk ftl ij
rqe gks vkSj ;kn j[kks tc rqeesa ls fdlh cUnk , eqvfeu dh tku ;gk¡
rd vk igqapsxh rks ml oD+r oks ,sls eukft+j ns[ksxk ftlls mldh vk¡[ksa
B.Mh gks tk;sxh beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl us vius gkFk ls gydwe eqckjd
dh rjQ b”kkjk djds crk;k vkSj fQj [kwc jks;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vki
tcfd vius f”k;ksa dh tekvr esa r”kjhQ j[krs Fks vkius muls Qjek;k
fd rqe yksx eq>s ;s crkvks fd yksxksa ds ut+nhd lcls T+;knk cn gky
fQjd+k dkSu lk gS\ muesa ls ,d us dgk fd eSa vki ij dqckZu gks tk¡Å
yksxksa ds ut+nhd rks geh lcls T+;knk cngky fQjd+k gSa ml oDr vki
Vsd yxk;s cSBs Fks ;s lquuk Fkk fd mB cSBs vkSj Qjek;k fd d+le
c&[kqnk rqees ls uk nks ¼2½ tgUue esa gksaxs u ,d ¼;kfu rqees ls dksbZ Hkh
tgUue esa nkf[ky u gksxk½ vkSj lwuks ;s vk;rs djhek rqEgkjh gh ckcr
mrjh gS fd %
134
o d+kyw ek yuk yk ujk fjtkyu dqUuk umÌqgqe feuy v”kjkj 0
vRr[kt+ukgqe fl[kfj¸;u ve t+kxr vugqeqy vclkj 0 23&38@62&63A
rtqZek % vkSj fQj [kqn dks dgsaxs fd gesa D;k gks x;k gS fd ge ftu yksxksa
dks nqfu;k esa “kjhj ¼cnek”k½ “kqekj djrs FksA ge mudks ;gk¡ nkst+[k esa
ugh ns[krs D;k ge muls ¼ukgd+½ el[kjkiu djrs Fks ;k mudh rjQ ls
gekjh vka[ksa iyV xbZ gSa blds ckn beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k
fd D;k rqEgas dqN ekywe gS fd muds ut+nhd rqEgkjk gkys cn D;w¡ gS\
mUgksaus dgk fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! gedks bldk bYe ugha gSa vkius
Qjek;k fd rqEgsa cngky le>us dh vly otg ;s gS fd mUgksaus bcyhl
dh brkvr dh vkSj rqeus ukQjekuh dh blfy;s bcyhl us mudks
rqegkjs f[k+ykQ ojx+yk;k ¼HkM+dk;k½ gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd tUur vkys eqgEen
vkSj muds f”k;ksa dh eq”rkd+ gS vkSj mudh vken ls tUur dh jkSud
c<+rh gS vxj dksbZ cUn&,&[kqnk :Dus ;ekuh o ed+kes bczkfgev-l- ds
njfe;ku bruh bcknr djs fd mlds vvt+k VqdM+ss&VqdM+s gks tk;as nj
gkykafd oks ge vgyscSrv-l- dh oyk;r o eqgCcr ds lkFk [kqnk ds nhu
ij vey u djrk gks rks [kqnk mldh bcknr d+cwy u djsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkius vius
ckvt+ f”k;ksa ls Qjek;k fd rqe yksxksa us rks gels eqgCcr dh exj nwljs
yksxksa us gels cqx+t+ o vnkor fd;k vkSj rqeus gedks egcwc o ilanhnk
cuk;k exj nwljs yksxksa us gesa ecx+wt+ cuk;k rqe yksxksa us gekjh rLnhd+
dh vkSj nwljksa us gesa >qByk;k vkSj rqe yksxksa us gels rvYyqd+ j[kk exj
nwljs yksxksa us drv rvYyqd+ fd;k il blfy;s vYykg rvkyk us
rqEgkjh ft+Unxh dks gekjh ft+Unxh d+jkj ns fn;k gS vkSj rqEgkjh ekSr dks
gekjh ekSr cuk fn;k gSA d+le c&[kqnk rqeesa ls tc fdlh dh tku gYd+
rd vk igqapsxh rks ml oD+r ,sls eat+j ns[ksxk ftlls mldh vka[ksa B.Mh
gks tk;sxhA
135
D;k rqe ;s ugh ilUn djrs fd rqe Hkh uekt+ i<+rs gks vkSj oks
Hkh uekt+ i<+rs gaS exj rqEgkjh uekt+ ed+cwy gksxh vkSj mudh uekt+
ed+cwy uk gksxh vkSj rqe jkst+k j[krs gks oks Hkh jkst+k j[krs gSa exj rqEgkjs
jkst+s ed+cwy gksaxs muds jkst+s ed+cwy u gksaxs vkSj rqe gt djrs gks vkSj
oks Hkh gt djrs gSa exj rqEgkjk gt ed+cwy gksxk mudk gt ed+cwy u
gksxk d+le c&[kqnk uekt+] jkst+k] t+dkr] gt vkSj nwljs reke usd
vkeky flQZ rqEgha ls d+cwy fd;s tk;saxsA yksxksa us ;gk¡&ogk¡] nk,¡&ck,¡ ls
fy;k exj rqeus ogk¡ ls fy;k tgk¡ ls vYykg ds jlwy vkSj mlds
vkSfy;k&,&fdjke vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us fy;k Fkk vkSj vYykg rvkyk us
vius canksa esa ls eqgEenl-v-o- o vkys eqgEenv-l- dks equrf[k+c dj fy;k gS
il rqeus mudks eq[k+rkj cuk;k ftudks vYykg us eq[krkj cuk;k gS rqe
vYykg ls Mjks vkSj vekurksa dks L;kg o lQsn esa ls ftldh gks mldks
vnk dj nks [+okg oks gjojh “kkeh vkSj meoh gh D;w¡ u gksA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vyh ds f”k;k gh
dke;kc gksus okys vkSj Qykg ikus okys gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gSa vkius vius f”k;ksa ls Qjek;k fd tc
rqeesa ls fdlh dh tku ¼ne okilha½ gyd+ rd vk igq¡prh gS rks oks cM+k
[kq”k gksrk gS vkSj eydqy ekSr mlds ikl vkdj dgrk gS fd rq ftl
pht+ dk mEehnokj gS oks rq>s fey tk;sxh vkSj ftl pht+ ls rw Mjrk gS
mlls egQwt+ o ekewu jgsxk mlds fy;s ,d njokt+k [kksy fn;k tk;sxk
mlds ml edku dh rjQ tks tUur esa gSa eydqy ekSr mlls dgsxk yks
tUur esa rqe vius eldu dks ns[k yks oks jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- gS oks vyhvl-
o Qkfrekv-l- vkSj gluvl- o gqlSuv-l- gSa ;s lc rqEgkjs #Q+dk, gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vYykg rvkyk dk ;s b”kkZn gS fd
%
vy yt+hu% vkeuw o dkuw ;Rrdwu 0 ygqeqy cq”kjk fQy g;kfrÌqfu;k
o fQy vkf[kjfr 11&10@63&64
rtqZek % ;s oks yksx gSa tks bZeku yk;s vkSj [kqnk ls Mjrs Fks bUgh yksxksa ds
okLrs nqfu;oh ft+Unxh esa Hkh vkSj vkf[kjr esa Hkh [kq”k[k+cjh gS jlwys
vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tks “k[l ge vgyscSrv-l- ls
136
cqx+t+ o vnkor j[ksxk [kqnk mldks d+;ker ds fnu ;gwnh mBk;sxk
gt+jr tkfcjj-t- fcu vCnqYykg vy valkjh us iwNk fd ,s jlwys [kqnklvo-
D;k oks nksuks dyek&,&”kgknr i<+rs gksa rc vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd
gk¡ bruk t+:j gS fd mlus dyek&,&”kgknr i<+ dj viuk [kwu
egQwt+ dj fy;k gS vkSj lquks! esjs ijojfnxkj us eq>ls vyhv-l- vkSj
muds f”k;ksa ds fy;s ,d [kqlqfl;r dk oknk Qjek;k gS vtZ+ fd;k x;k
fd ,s jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- oks [kqlqfl;r D;k gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd muesa ls
tks eqvfeu vkSj eqRrd+h gaS [kqnk mlds reke NksVs&cM+s xqukgksa dks ekQ
djsxk vkSj mudh cqjkb;ksa dks glukr ¼vPNkbZ;ksa½ esa rcnhy dj nsxkA
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch rkfycv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius
Qjek;k fd gluvl- vkSj gqlSuv-l- dh eqgCcr esa usd o cn eqfeu o
dkfQj nksuksa gh cjkcj ds “kjhd gS ysfdu eq>s ;s [kqlqfl;r gkfly gS fd
eq>ls dHkh dksbZ dkfQj eqgCcr u djsxk vkSj u dksbZ eqvfeu cqx+t+ o
vnkor j[ksxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls [kqnk ds bl b”kkZn ds ckjs esa loky fd;k x;k
gS fd %
dqy ;k bckfn;y yt+hu% vLjQw vyk vuQqflfge yk rd+urw feUj
jgefrYykfg bUuYykg% ;xfQ:t+ t+quwc% tehvu bUugq gqoy xQw:j
jghe 0 24&39@53
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s esjs bZekunkj canks ftUgksaus ¼xqukg
djds½ viuh t+kuksa ij T+;knfr;k¡ dh gSa rqe yksx [kqnk dh jger ls
uk&mEehn u gksuk cs”kd [kqnk ¼rqEgkjs½ dqy xqukgksa dks c[+“k nsxk oks
cs”kd cM+k c[+“kus okyk esgjcku gS D;k ;s vk;rs djhek [kkl gS ;k vke
vkius Qjek;k fd ;s vk;r gekjs f”k;ksa ds fy;s e[klwl gS vkils ;s Hkh
eudwy gS fd vkius Qjek;k gS fd d+;ker ds jkst+ gekjs f”k;k vius ,scksa
vkSj xqukgksa lesr viuh d+czksa ls mBsxsa vkSj oks ckt+wnkj ¼ia[kksa okyh½
Å¡Vfu;ksa ij lokj gksaxs mudh tqfr;ksa ds rlesa uwj ds ekfuan pednkj
137
gksaxs muds fy;s ?kkVksa ij tkuk vklku gksxk muls elkbc nwj gks pwds
gksaxs yksx [k+kbQ gksaxs exj oks ughaA yksx gqT+u o eyky ¼nq[k nnZ½ esa
eqcfryk gksaxs exj oks ugha mudks v”ksZ bykgh ds lk;s esa ys tk;k tk;sxk
tgk¡ muds lkeus nLrj[+oku fcNk;s tk;saxs vkSj oks mlesa ls [kkuk
rukoqy djsaxs tcfd nwljs yksx fglkc o fdrkc esa eqcfryk gksaxsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d erZck vius
f”k;ksa ls Qjek;k fd ge d+;ker ds jkst+ vius iSx+Ecj eqgEen eqLrQklvo-
dk nkeu idM+s gksaxs vkSj rqe gekjs nkeu dks idM+s gksaxs il rqe fdl
rjQ tkvksxs\ muesa ls fdlh us dgk fd tUur dh rjQ bU”kk vYykg
vkius Qjek;k fd gka d+le ck&[kqnk tUur dh rjQ tk;saxs bU”kkvYykgA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d fnu vcq clhj
tks dkQh lu jlhnk ¼cqt+qZx½ Fks vkSj mudh vka[ksa Hkh tkrh jgh Fkh vkSj
mudks ru¶Qql dh f”kdk;r Hkh Fkh tc oks vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j gq,
rks vkius Qjek;k fd ,s vcq clhj bl ru¶Qql dh otg D;k gS\ mUgksaus
tokc fn;k fd esjh tku vki ij dqckZu ;s fdCjfluh vkSj cq<+kis dh otg
ls gS vkSj esjh vka[ksa Hkh t+k, gks xbZ gSa vkSj vc rks ekSr Hkh eq>ls d+jhc
vk pqdh gS ysfdu esjk vatke D;k gksxk bldh eq>s eqryd+ [k+cj ugha gS
lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s vcq eqgEen D;k ;s rqe dg jgs
gks\ D;k rqEgsa ;s ekywe ugha gS fd vYykg rvkyk rqeesa ls tks ukStoku
gaS mudks vt+kc nsdj bT+t+r o djker vrk djrk gS exj rqeesa tks cw<+s
gS muds fglkc o fdrkc rd ls oks “keZkrk gS vkSj tks cgqr cw<+s gks pwds
gSa mudks rks bT+t+r o djker ls uokt+rk gS vcw clhj us dgk fd ,
Qjt+ans jlwy! D;k ;g vki gekjs fy;s Qjek jgs gaS\ vkius Qjek;k fd
gka blls vkSj Hkh T+;knkA vcw clhj us vt+Z fd;k fd eSa vki ij dqckZu
gks tkš ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy! eq>ls vkSj c;ku dhft;sA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- us Qjek;k fd D;k rqeus [kqnk dk ;s b”kkZn ugha lquk
gS fd %
fjtkyqu lndw ek vkgnqYykg% vySfg Q feugqe eu d+t+k ugcgw o
feugqe eU; ;urft+jks 21&33@23 vcq clhj us dgk fd gk¡ ,s Qjt+Uns
jlwy! eSaus bl vk;r dks i<+k gS vkius Qjek;k fd d+le c&[kqnk
138
vYykg rvkyk us blls rqEgsa eqjkn fy;k gS rqEgh oks gks ftUgksaus vYykg
ls fd;s gq, vgn o iSeku dks iwjk fd;k gS vkSj rqEgh oks gks ftUgksaus ge
vgyscSrv-l- dks NksM+dj nwljksa dks viuk beke ugha cuk;k gSA ,s vcw
clhj D;k rqe [kq”k gq,\ mUgksus dgk fd gk¡ eSa vki ij dqjcku gks tkÅ¡
eq>ls vkSj c;ku dhft;sA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd yksxksa
us rks [k+sj dks NksM+k exj rqeus “kj dks NksM+k gS vkSj nwljs yksx fQjd+k
fQjd+k tekvr nj tekvr caV x;s exj rqe rks vgyscSrvl dh tekvr
esa gh jgsA il rqEgs c”kkjr gS c”kkjr d+le c&[kqnk vYykg ty “kkugw
rqe ij jge djsxk vkSj rqEgkjs usdks&dkj dk vey d+cwy djsxk vkSj
rqEgkjs cn dkj dks ekQ djsxk vkSj tks rqEgkjh jkg ij ugha gS muls [kqnk
dqN Hkh d+cwy u djsxk u mudh usdh dks d+cwy djsxk u muds xqukg
dks ekQ djsxkA , vcw clhj D;k rqe [kq”k gq,\ mUgksaus dgk gka eSa vki
ij dqjcku gks tkš vki eq>ls vkSj c;ku dhft;sA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl-
us Qjek;k lquks! vYykg rvkyk us vius Qfj”rksa esa ls pUn Qfj”rksa dks
bl dke ij eqd+jZj dj j[kk gS fd og gekjs f”k;ksa ds xqukgksa dks >kM+rs
jgas tSls ir>M+ ds ekSle esa nj[rksa ls iRrs >M+rs gSaA pqukaps blds
eqrkfYyd+ ijojfnxkj vkye dk ;g b”kkZn gS fd %
vy yt+hu% ;gfeywuy vj”k% o eu gksygw ;qlfCcgwu% fc gefn jfCcfge
o ;qvfeuwu% fcgh o ;lrxfQ:u% fyy yt+hu% vkeuw jCcuk o flvr%
dqYy% “kSbu jgero o bYeu QxfQj fyy yt+hu% rkcw oRrcÅ lchyd%
24&40@7
rtqZek % tks Qfj”rs v”kZ dks mBk;s gq, gaS vkSj tks mlds bnZ&fxnZ
¼vkl&ikl½ gSa lc vius ijojfnxkj dh rkjhQ ds lkFk rLchg djrs gSa
vkSj bl ij bZeku j[krs gSa vkSj eqvfeuksa ds fy;s cf[”k”k dh nqvk ekaxk
djrs gaS fd ijojfnxkj rsjh jger vkSj rsjk bYe gj pht+ ij vgkrk
fd;s gq, gSA rks ftu yksxksa us lPps fny ls rkSck dj yh vkSj rsjs jkLrs
ij pys mudks c[+“k nsA bl vk;rs djhek esa bfLrxQkjs eykbdk ds
eqrkfYyd+ lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd d+le c[kqnk ;g
139
Qfj”rs reke [k+ykbd+ dks NksM+dj flQZ rqEgkjs gh fy;s ex+fQjr ryc
djrs gSa , vcw clhj D;k rqe [kq”k gq,\ mUgksus dgk fd gk¡ eSa vki ij
fQnk gks tkš vki vkSj c;ku dhft;sA vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg
rvkyk us viuh fdrkc esa rqEgkjk bl rjg ft+Ø fd;k gS fd %
fjtkyqu lndw ek vkgnqYykg% vySfg Q feugqe eu dt+k ugcgw o
feugqe eU; ;urft+jks 21&33@23A
rtqZek % ;g og enZ gS ftUgksaus vYykg ls fd;k gqvk oknk lp dj
fn[kk;k gSA il muesa ls fdrus “kghn gks pqds vkSj fdrus “kgknr ds
bfUrt+kj esa gaSA
vkSj vYykg rvkyk us nwljs edke ij rqEgkjk bl rjg rt+fdjk
fd;k gS fd %
o d+kyw ek yuk yk ujk fjtkyu dqUuk umÌqgqe feuy v”kjkj 0
vRr[kt+ukgqe fl[kfj¸;u ve t+kxr vugqeqy vclkj 0 23&38@62&63A
rtqZek % vkSj fQj [kqn Hkh dgsaxs gesa D;k gks x;k gS fd ge ftu yksxksa
dks nqfu;k esa “kjhj ¼cnek”k½ “kqekj djrs Fks ge mudks nkst+[k esa ugha
ns[krsA D;k ge muls ukgd+ el[k+jkiu djrs Fks ;k mudh rjQ ls
gekjh vka[ksa iyV xbZ gaSA vkius Qjek;k fd , vcw clhj rqe tUur esa
[kq”k o [kqjZe gksaxs vkSj yksx rqedksa tgUue esa ryk”k djrs gksaxsA ,s vcw
clhj! D;k rqe [kq”k gq,\ mUgksaus dgk fd gka vki ij esjh tku fQnk
eq>ls vkSj c;ku dhft;sA vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk us viuh
fdrkc esa rqEgkjk bl rjg ft+Ø fd;k gS fd %
;kSe% yk ;qxuh ekSyu vUe ekSyu “kSvUo oyk gqe ;qul:u 0 bYyk eUj
jfgeYykgks 25&44@41&42A
rtqZek % ftl fnu dksbZ nksLr fdlh nksLr ds dke u vk;sxk vkSj u
mudh enn dh tk;sxh exj ftl ij [kqnk jge Qjek;sA
140
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd , vcw clhj bl vk;rs
djhek esa d+le c [kqnk vyhv-l- vkSj vkids vgyscSrv-l- vkSj muds f”k;ksa
ds flok fdlh vkSj dks eqLrluk ugha fd;k gS vkSj rqEgkjk rt+fdjk nwljs
ed+ke ij bl rjg ls fd;k gS fd %
Q mykbd% evy yt+hu% vuveYykgks vySfge feuu uch¸;hu% ol
flÌhdhu% o”k ”kksgnk, ol lkfyghu 5&4@69A
rtqZek % ,sls yksx mu ed+cwy canksa ds lkFk gksaxs ftUgas [kqnk us viuh
usversa nh gSa ;kfu vfEc;k vkSj fln~nhd+hu vkSj “kksgnk, o lkysghuA
;gka ij vfEc;k esa ls jlwys vdjel-v-o- eqjkn gaS vkSj fln~nhd+hu o
“kksgnkv esa ls ge gSa vkSj lkysghu esa ls rqe gksA , vcw clhj D;k rqe
[kq”k gq,\ mUgksaus dgk fd gka esjh tku vki ij dqjcku eq>ls vkSj c;ku
dhft;sA vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk us rqEgkjk ft+Ø viuh fdrkc
esa bl rjg ls fd;k gS fd %
dqy ;k bckfn;y yt+huk vljQw vyk vuQqflfge yk rd+urw feu
jgefrYykfg 24&39@53A
rtqZek % ¼, jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s esjs bZekunkj cUnks ftUgksaus ¼xqukg
djds½ viuh tkuksa ij T+;knfr;ka dh gaS rqe yksx [kqnk dh jger ls uk
mEehn u gksukA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd bl vk;r esa
bckn ls rqe yksx eqjkn gks] , vcw clhj D;k rqe [kq”k gq,\ mUgksaus dgk
fd gka vki ij eSa dqjcku gks tkš eq>ls vkSj c;ku dhft;sA vkius
Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk us viuh fdrkc esa rqEgkjk bl rjg rt+fdjk
fd;k gS fd
dqy gy ;lrfoy yt+hu% ;vyewu% oy yt+hu% yk ;vyewu% bUuek
;rt+Ddjks myqy vyckc 23&39@9A
rtqZek % ¼, jlwy½ rqe iwNks rks fd Hkyk dgha tkuus okys vkSj u tkuus
okys yksx cjkcj gks ldrs gSaA
141
, vcw clhj bl vk;r esa myqy vyckc ls rqe yksx eqjkn gks
D;k rqe [kq”k gq,\ mUgksaus dgk fd gka esjh tku vki ij fQnk eq>ls vkSj
c;ku dhft;sA vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk dk ;g b”kkZn gS fd
%
bUu% bcknh ySl% yd% vySfge lqYrku 14&15@42A
rtqZek % tks esjs eq[kfyl cans gSa mu ij rq>s fdlh rjg dh gqdwer u
gksaxhA
, vcw clhj bl vk;r esa ^bckn* ls rqe yksxks dks eqjkn fy;k
x;k gS ¼rqEgh og yksx gks ftu ij “kSrku dk dksbZ gjck dkjxj ugha
gksrk½ D;k rqe [kq”k gq,\ mUgksaus dgk fd gka eSa vki ij dqjcku tkÅ¡ vkSj
c;ku dhft;sA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd dqjvkus ikd dh
og reke vk;ras tks tUur dh rjQ “kkSd+ fnykrh gS vkSj usdh dh ;kn
fnykrh gaS og lc gekjs eqrkfYyd+ vkSj gekjs f”k;ksa ds eqrkfYyd+ gSa vkSj
og reke vk;rsa tks nkst+[k ls Mjkrh gSa vkSj ftuesa vgys nkst+[k dk
rt+fdjk gS og lc gekjs nq”euksa ds eqrkfYyd+ gaS vki ml oD+r ed+kes
^^ vcrg ** esa eqdhe Fks tc vkius lquk fd yksx gt ds fy;s tk jgs gSa
rks vki us Qjek;k fd “kksj o x+ksx+k rks cgqr T+;knk gS exj gkth cgqr
de gSa d+le c [kqnk , vcw clhj vYykg rvkyk rqels vkSj rqEgkjs
vlgkc ls vkeky dks d+cwy djsxkA bruk Qjekus ds ckn vki mB dj
vius ?kj dh rjQ r”kjhQ ys x;sA bl flyflys esa vkSj cgqr lh
fjok;rsa gSa vxj ge mudks c;ku djas rks ft+Ø rohy gks tk;sxk ge us
tks dqN c;ku dj fn;k gS ogh dkQh gSA il vYykg vkSj mlds
vksfy;kv vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dh tkfuc ls c”kkjr o [kq”k [k+cjh gSA
oygEnksfyYykfg jfCcy vkyehuA
142
bYe dh rjx+hc vkSj rkfyckus bYe ds Qt+kby dkbYe dh rjx+hc vkSj rkfyckus bYe ds Qt+kby dkbYe dh rjx+hc vkSj rkfyckus bYe ds Qt+kby dkbYe dh rjx+hc vkSj rkfyckus bYe ds Qt+kby dkbYe dh rjx+hc vkSj rkfyckus bYe ds Qt+kby dk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
^^Qlvyw vgyt+ ft+fØ bu dqUrqe yk rvyewu 0 14&16@43
rtqZek % vxj rqe ugha tkurs gks rks vgys ft+Ø ¼vkfyeksa ls½ iwNksA
vkSj ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd %
gy ;lrfoy yt+hu% ;vyewu% oy yt+hu% yk ;vyewu% bUuek ;rt+Ddjks
mywy vyckc 23&39@9
rtqZek % , jlwy rqe iqNks rks! fd Hkyk dgha tkuus okys vkSj u tkuus
okys yksx cjkcj gks ldrs gSaA exj ulhgr o bcjr rks cl vD+yean
yksx gh ekurs gSa vkSj vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
cy gqo% vk;krqe cf¸;ukrqu Qh lqnwfjy yt+hu% mrwy bYe% 21&29@49A
rtqZek % exj ftu yksxksa dks ¼[kqnk dh rjQ ls½ bYe vrk gqvk gS muds
fny esa ;g ¼dqjvku½ okts+g o jks”ku vk;rsa gSaA vkSj [kqnkoUnss vkye dk
;g Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
;jQbYykgqy yt+hu% vkeuw feudwe oy yt+hu% Årwy bYe% njtkfru
oYykgks fcek rveywu% [kchj 0 28&58@11A
rtqZek % tks yksx rqeesa ls bZekunkj gSa vkSj ftudks bYe vrk gqvk gS
muds ntsZ cqyan djsxk vkSj [kqnk rqEgkjs lc dkeksa ls ck [kcj gSA blls
d+Cy ge c;ku dj pqds gaS fd dqjvkus gdhe esa bl fd+Le dh ftruh
vk;rsa gSa muls vbEek vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- eqjkn gaS il ;gh og vgys bYe
gSa ftuds eqckjd lhuksa esa ijojfnxkjs vkye us reke mywe o evkfjQ
dks onhvr dj fn;k gS vkSj blh bYe o ekvfjQr dh fcuk ij mudks
143
[kykbd+ ij vQt+fy;r gkfly gS vkSj [kqnk us mudks vius uwj ls
e[klwl Qjek;k gS vkSj vYykg rvkyk us mudks bYe o ekvfjQr dk
eqgkfQt+ vkSj [kt+kuknkj cuk;k gSA og bYe dh b”kkvr o fgQkt+r ij
ekewj gSaA bYe o ekvfjQr ds ckjs esa vYykg rvkyk us bl mEer dks
vbEek vgyscSrv-l- dh rjQ eqroTtk fd;k gS vkSj ftl elvys dk bUgs
dksbZ bYe u gks mls bekeks dh f[kner esa is”k djus dk gqDe fn;k x;k
gS vkSj vYykg rvkyk us vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds ekuus okyksa dks mudh
oyk;r dh otg ls nwljksa ij Qt+hyr c[+“kh gS vkSj mu vbEek
vgyscSrv-l- ls bYe gkfly djus vkSj mudk gqDe ekuus vkSj mudh
brkvr dks viuk f“kvkj cukus dh otg ls mudks “kjQ o deky vrk
fd;k gSA bl flyflys esa geus xqft+”krk ckc esa dqN c;ku dj fn;k gSA
vc ge bl ckc esa vbEek vgyscSrv-l- ls bYe o ekvfjQr gkfly djus
dh Qt+hyr vkSj muds Qjeku ls bYeh f[k+ner djus okyksa ls bYe o
ekvfjQr gkfly djus dh Qt+hyr c;ku djsaxsA
vbEek vgyscSrv-l- us jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ;g fjok;r uD+y dh
gS fd vki us ,d erZck Qjek;k fd esjh mEer esa ls gj lkfgcs vDy ij
;g pkj ckrsa ykft+e vkSj okftcqy vey gaSA vt+Z fd;k x;k fd , jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- og pkj pht+s D;k gaS\ vkagt+jrl-v-o- us b”kkZn Qjek;k fd bYe
dk lquuk] mldks ;kn j[kuk] ml ij vey djuk vkSj mldks QSykukA
vbEek vgyscSrv-l- us vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls ;g gnhl uD+y dh gS fd
vkius Qjek;k fd cgqr ls vgys bYe ,sls gSa tks Qd+hg ugha vkSj cgqr
ls Qqd+gkv vius ls T+;knk ekfgj bYes fQd+kg ds eksgrkt gSa vkSj ;g
gnhl Hkh eudwy gS fd ,d erZck fjlkyr evkclvo- us efLtns [kS+Q esa
yksxksa dks f[krkc djds Qjek;k fd [kqnkoUnss vkye ml cans ij viuh
jger ukft+y djs ftlus esjh ckr dks lqudj mldks ;kn j[kk vkSj
ftlus ugha lquk Fkk mldks lquk;kA il rqedks ekywe gks fd cgqr ls
gkfeys fQd+kg Qd+hg ugha gksrs vkSj cgqr ls gkfeys Qqd+kg vius ls
T+;knk cqyan ik;k Qd+hg ds eksgrkt gSaA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd pkj pht+sa ,slh gaS
ftuds gqlwy ¼gkfly½ ds fy;s vxj lokfj;ka nkSM+kbZ tk;sa vkSj og mudh
ryc esa nqcyh gks tk;sa rks Hkh ;g cgqr de gksxkA igyh ckr rks ;g gS
fd cank fdlh ls mEehn u j[ks flQZ [kqnk gh ls mEehn j[ks] nwljh ckr
144
;g gS fd cUnk fdlh ls u Mjs flQZ Mjs rks vius xqukg ls MjsA rhljh
ckr ;g gS fd tkfgy bYe dks ryc djus esa “kekZ;s ugha vkSj pkSFkh ckr
;g gS fd tc fdlh vkfye ls dksbZ ,slk eLvyk iwNk tk;s ftlds
eqrkfYyd+ og u tkurk gks rks og ;g dgus ls u “kekZ;s fd eq>s bldk
bYe ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd bYe
gkfly djks exj bYe ds lkFk&lkFk cqnZckjh vkSj od+kj dks viuk f“kvkj
cukvks vkSj ftl rkfycs bYe dks rqe i<+kvks mlds lkFk rokt+ksv ls is”k
vkvksA myek&,&tckfcjk ;kfu l[+rh vkSj r”kÌqn ls dke ysus okys
vkfye u cuks ojuk rqEgkjk ckfry rqEgkjs gd+ dks Hkh ys MwcsxkA
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
gekjs f”k;ksa esa ls dksbZ ,slk ukStoku eq>s fey tkrk tks bYe fQd+g u
tkurk gks rks eSa mldks csgrjhu vnc ls vkjkLrk dj nsrkA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd esjs vgyscSrv-l- dk edke rqEgkjs njfe;ku fd”rh uwg dh
rjg gS fd tks mlesa lokj gks x;k mlus utkr ikbZ vkSj tks lokj u
gqvk og x+jd+ gks x;k vkSj vkius ;g Hkh b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd esjs
vgyscSrv-l- ds vkfye ls bYe gkfly dj fy;k fQj mlls ftlus [kqn
vkfyes vgyscSrvl- ls bYe gkfly fd;k gks rc rqe nkst+[k ls utkr
ikvksxsA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us gt+jr vyhv-l- ls vkSj vkius iSx+Ecjs [kqnklvo-
ls ;g fjok;r uD+y dh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd fta+nxh esa
fdlh ds fy;s dksbZ yqRQ o jkgr ugha gSA flok;s vkfyes ukfrd+ ;k ,sls
lquus okys ds tks lqudj ;kn j[krk gks vkSj ;g nks dekykr fdlh
equkfQd+ esa tek u gksaxs] ,d rks fQd+kgs bLykeh vkSj nwljs fdlh
equkfQd+ ds psgjs ij usdh ds vklkj u gksaxsA Qqd+gk tc rd nqfu;knkjh
esa ugh fxfjirkj gksrs ml oD+r rd og jlwyksa ds vehu gksrs gSaA vt+Z
fd;k x;k fd , iSx+Ecjs [kqnkl-v-o- muds nqfu;k esa iM+us ls D;k eqjkn gS\
vkius Qjek;k fd mlls lqYrku dh iSjoh o bfRrckv eqjkn gS ;kfu tc
Qqdgk lqYrku ds b”kkjksa ij pyus yxas rks rqe vius nhu ds eqvkeykr
esa muls cprs jgukA ;gka ij lqYrku ls vkagt+jrl-v-o- us vgys tksj o
cx+kor ds lqYrku ls eqjkn yh gS ysfdu og vbEek vny tks vYykg
145
rvkyk dh rjQ ls d+kbe fd;s x;s gSa ;k ftudks bUgksaus [kqn vius
fgnk;r ;k¶rg yksxksa esa ls eqd+jZj fd;k gks vkSj og vbEek vny ds
Qjeku ij vey djrs gksa rks mu reke dh bfRrckv djuk muds lkFk
rvkoqu djuk vkSj mudk dke djuk usdh vkSj Qt+hyr gSA vke
eqlyekuksa esa ls eSa fdlh ds eqrkfYyd+ ;g ugha tkurk fd mlus vbEek
vny dh bfRrckv ls jksdk gks ;k badkj fd;k gksA cfYd mUgksaus rks yksxksa
dks brck dh rjx+hc nh gSA il ;g bl ckr dh nyhy gS fd lqYrku
ls jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh eqjkn t+kfyehu ds lqYrku ls gSa vkSj og reke
yksx eqjkn gS ftudh bfRrckv vkSj iSjoh ls [kqnkoUnss vkye us euk
Qjek;k gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us fjlkyr evkcl-v-o- ls ;g gnhl uD+y dh gS
vkilvo- us Qjek;k fd ijojfnxkjs vkye ftl “k[l ds t+fj;s usd dke
vUtke nsus dk bjknk dj ysrk gS mldks nhu dk bYes fQd+g vrk dj
nsrk gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd [k+YQ esa ls
gj vkfny “k[+l bl bYe dk gkfey gksxkA og bl bYe dks tkfgyksa dh
rgjhQ vkSj vgys ckfry dh eu&x<+r ckrksa vkSj vgys x+qyw dh
rkohykr ls ikd j[kasxsA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd tc dksbZ “k[l
bYe dh ryk”k esa vius ?kj ls fudyrk gSA [kqnk mlds ihNs usfd;k¡
rgjhj Qjek nsrk gS vkSj tc og rkfycs bYe vkSj vkfye ,d nqljs ls
feyrs gaS vkSj vesz bykgh ds flyflys esa vkil es cgl djrs gSa rks
Qfj”rs mu ij lk;k djrs gaS vkSj nksuksa ds Åij ls ;g funk dh tkrh
gS fd rqe nksuksa dks ekQ dj fn;k x;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd cank
eqvfeu vius ?kj okyksa dks bYe vkSj lkysg vnc dh fojklr ns tkrk
gS ;gka rd fd og mu reke dks cfg”r esa nkf[k+y dj nsrk gS ;gka rd
fd muesa ls u rks dksbZ NksVk ckd+h jg tkrk gS u cM+kA u [kkfne ckd+h
jg tkrk gS u iM+kslh vkSj mlds cj&vDl cUnk vklh vius vgyks
v;ky dks vncs Qkfln fojklr esa ns tkrk gSA ;gka rd fd og mu
reke dks tgUue esa igq¡pk nsrk gS vkSj tgUue esa nkkf[ky gksus ls u rks
dksbZ NksVk cprk gS u cM+k u ukSdj cprk gS u iM+kslhA
146
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc
;g vk;rs djhek ukft+y gqbZ fd %
;k v¸;ksgy ythu% vkeuw dw vuQql%dqe o vgyhdqe ukju 28&66@6
rtqZek % ,s bZeku okyksa rqe viuh tkuks vkSj vius vgyks v;ky dks
tgUue ls cpkvksA yksxksa us jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd
, iSx+Ecjs [kqnklvo- ge yksx fdl rjhds ls viuh tkuksa vkSj vius vgyks
v;ky dks cpk;as\ ml oD+r jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us mudks tokc fn;k fd rqe
yksx usd vey djks vkSj vius vgyks v;ky dks bldh rkyhe nks vkSj
mudks brkvrs bykgh dk lcd+ nksA blds ckn beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl
us Qjek;k fd D;k rqEgsa ekywe ugha gS fd vYykg rvkyk us vius
iSx+Ecjl-v-o- ls Qjek;k gS fd %
oveqj vgyd% fcLlykfr oLlrfcj vySgk 16&20@132A
rtqZek % ¼, eksgEenl-v-o-½ rqe vius vgyscSrv-l- dks uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe
nks ml ij lcz o lqdwu ls ykft+e jgksA vkSj vYykg rvkyk us ;g Hkh
Qjek;k gS fd %
ot+dqj fQy fdrkfc bLekbZy% bUugw dku% d+kSey lkfnd+y ovfn o
dku% jlwyu uch¸;k 0 o dku% ;veqjks vgygw fcLlykfr oT+t+dkfr o
dku% bUn% jfCcgh ejt+h¸;k 0 16&19@54&55A
rtqZek % vkSj ¼, eksgEenl-v-o-½ ;kn j[kks bZLekby dks og oknk ds lPps
vkSj uch o jlwy Fks vkSj vius vgyscSr dks uekt+ o t+dkr vnk djus
dk gqDe nsrs Fks vkSj og vius ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd+ egcwc o ilanhnk
FksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- ls vkSj
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd igyk bYe [kkeks”kh gS
nwljk x+kSj ls lquuk vkSj rhljk bYe ml ij vey djuk vkSj pkSFkk bYe
mldh b”kkvr djuk gSA
147
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- vius vkck&,&fdjkev-l- ls vkSj jlwys
[kqnkl-vo- ls fjok;r uD+y djrs gSa fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd ftl
“k[+l us viuh tokuh esa bYe gkfly fd;k og bYe lhus esa vUuD+”k
fQy gtj ¼iRFkj ij ydhj½ cu tkrk gS vkSj ftl us cM+h mez esa bYe
gkfly fd;k rks mldk bYe ikuh ij rSjrh gqbZ fdrkc dh rjg gksrk gSA
blh rjg vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls ;g Hkh fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
ftlus nqfu;k ls eksgCcr dh mlds fny ls vf[kjr dk [kkSQ pyk tkrk
gS vkSj ftl cUns dks vYykg rvkyk us bYe vrk fd;k vkSj fQj og
nqfu;k dh ryc esa T+;knk ls T+;knk e”kxwy gks x;k rks [kqnk mlls ukjkt+
vkSj xqLlk gks tkrk gSA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd bZeku dk csgrjhu
ot+hj ¼eqgkfQt+½ bYe gSA vkSj bYe dk csgrjhu ot+hj fgYe gS vkSj fgYe
dk csgrjhu ot+hj dq”kknk fnyh vkSj dq”kknk fnyh dk csgrjhu ot+hj
ujeh gSA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vkfye ls lcls
T+;knk drjkus okys mlds [kqn vius Qjt+Un d+jkcrnkj vkSj iM+kslh gksrs
gSa og dgrs gSa fd vkfye rks gekjs ikl ¼?kj esa½ gSA tc ge pkgsaxs mlls
feydj bYe gkfly dj ysaxsA gkykafd vkfye dh felky ikuh ds ml
p”esa dh gS tgka yksx tkdj ikuh ls lsjkc gqvk djrs gS fQj vpkud
p”esa dk ikuh [kq”d gks tkrk gS rks og cgqr ukfne o i”ksek¡ gksrs gSaA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ukS pht+s cqjh gSa
tks ukS vQjkn esa ikbZ tkrh gS muesa ls ,d&,d ls c<+dj cnrj gS] tSls
ckn”kkgksa dh rax fnyh] ekynkjksa dk cq[+y ¼datwlh½ vkSj myekvksa dk
tYnh xqLlk gks tkuk vkSj cq<+ksa ls frQykuk ¼cPpksa tSlh½ ckrksa dk t+kfgj
gksuk vkSj ljnkjksa dh d+rv rvYyqd+h vkSj d+kft+;ksa dk >wB cksyuk vkSj
chekjksa dks rax djus okys gqdekv vkSj vkSjrksa dh Qg”k ckrsa vkSj lkfgcs
dqnjr o lqYrku dk rs”k esa vk tkukA
gt+jr vyhv-l- dh fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd pkiywlh vkSj
gln eqfeu dk fdjnkj ugha flok;s mlds fd og rycs bYe dh jkg esa
pkiywlh vkSj gln djrk gksA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd bYe dk ryc
djuk gj eqfLye ij Qt+Z gSA
148
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd gt+jr
yqd+ekuvl- us vius csVs ls dgk Fkk fd , esjs I;kjs csVs rqe bYe blfy;s
u i<+ks fd bYe i<+dj myekvksa ij QkSfd;r trkvks vkSj Q[k+j djks
vkSj u blfy;s fd rqe vius bYe ls vgedks ¼csodwQksa½ ds lkFk cgl o
eqckfglk djks ;k rqe bl bYe ls etfylksa esa t+hur dh uqekb”k djksA
bYe ls drjk dj tgkyr esa jx+cr j[k dj bYe ls eqag u eksM+ksA ,s esjs
I;kjs csVs cljks p”e! etfylksa esa tkvks vxj rqe yksxksa dks ft+Øs bykgh
esa e”kxwy ns[kks rks muesa “kkfey gks tkvks D;ksafd vxj rqe vkfye gks rks
rqEgkjk bYe Qk;nk nsxk vkSj rqEgkjh bfYe;r esa bt+kQk gksxk vkSj vxj
rqe tkfgy gks rks og rqEgsa bYe fl[kk;saxs vkSj “kk;n vYykg us mu ij
jge fd;k gks rks rqe Hkh ml jger esa muds “kjhd gksaxsA ,s esjs
y[k+rs&ftxj vxj rqe ,sls yksxksa dks ns[kks tks vYykg dk ft+Ø ugha
djrs rks muds lkFk u cSBks D;ksafd vxj rqe vkfye gks rks rqe dks rqEgkjk
bYe Qk;nk u djsxk vkSj vxj rqe tkfgy gks rks og yksx rqe dks vkSj
tkfgy cuk nsaxs vkSj “kk;n vYykg us mu ij viuk vt+kc ukft+y fd;k
gks rks rqe Hkh muds lkFk vt+kc esa eqcryk gks tkvksxsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkids ckvt+ vlgkc
us vkdj vt+Z fd;k fd yksx ;g dgrs gSa rqEgkjs lkgc ¼vkd+k½ ukStoku
gaS mudks fQd+gs dk bYe ugha gSA ml oD+r vkius viuk vlk mBk;k vkSj
dgk fd eq>s bl ckr ls [kq”kh u gksxh fd ;g mEer eq> ij bl rjg
ls bÙksQkd+ dj ys tSls fd bl vlk dk esjs gkFk ds lkFk rvYyqd+ gS
eq>ls yksxksa us gjke o gyky dh ckcr iwNk gh dc Fkk fd eSa ftldk
gy is”k ugha dj ldk\
fdlls bYe gkfly djuk vkSj fdlls u djuk vkSjfdlls bYe gkfly djuk vkSj fdlls u djuk vkSjfdlls bYe gkfly djuk vkSj fdlls u djuk vkSjfdlls bYe gkfly djuk vkSj fdlls u djuk vkSjfdlls bYe gkfly djuk vkSj fdlls u djuk vkSj
fdlds d+kSy ij vey u djuk pkfg;s bldk c;kufdlds d+kSy ij vey u djuk pkfg;s bldk c;kufdlds d+kSy ij vey u djuk pkfg;s bldk c;kufdlds d+kSy ij vey u djuk pkfg;s bldk c;kufdlds d+kSy ij vey u djuk pkfg;s bldk c;ku
geus xqft+”rk ckc esa bYe dh rjx+hc o rgjhl ¼pkgr½ dk ft+Ø
dj fn;k gS fygkt+k ge ij vc ;g t+:jh gks x;k gS fd geus ftl bYe
ds glwy dh rjQ b”kkjk fd;k gS vkSj ftldh rjx+hc fnykbZ gS mlls
Hkh c&[kcj dj nsa vkSj mu myekvksa dks Hkh crk nsa ftuds Qt+y o
149
deky dks geus c;ku fd;k gS vkSj ftuls mywe o evkfjQ gkfly
djuk okftc djkj fn;k gS vxjps bldk c;ku vkxs vk pqdk gSA ge
;g Hkh crk;saxs fd fdl dk d+kSy u ysuk pkfg;s vkSj bldh otg D;k
gS vkSj mlds Qkfln gksus dh nyhy D;k gS\ ;g lc c;ku djsaxsA
ge ¼l¸;nuk d+kft+y ukSekud-l-½ dgrs gSa fd ftl bYe dks d+cwy
djuk] mldks i<+uk vkSj uD+y djuk okftc gS og vbEek vgyscSrv-l- ls
eudwy bYe gS og bYe ugha fd tks bYe dh rjQ eulwc gksus okys
voke ds eqgnlhu ls igq¡pk gS ftudk “kSok fcnvr gSA ftUgksaus nhu dks
[ksy le> j[kk gSA
tks bl nqfu;k dh ftanxh ds Qjsc esa gS vkSj tks bl nqfu;k dh
fj;klr ij [kq”k gSa vkSj bl nqfu;k ds eky o nkSyr ij larks’kh gSaA ,slh
txg ij cSB x;s tgka mudks cSBuk ts+c ugha nsrkA og ,sls ?kkV ij
okfjn gq, gSa tgka mudks u vkuk pkfg;sA mUgksaus vkdj fj;klr dks
gd+nkjksa ls Nhu fy;k vkSj bl ckr ls bt+gkjs uQjr fd;k fd og muds
ikl ls bYe gkfly djsaA vius iSjksa ls py dj tk;as vkSj muls loky
djsa tSlk fd mudks vYykg rvkyk us bl ckr ds iqNus dk gqDe fn;k
gSA ftldk bUgs bYe ugha gS vkSj ;g fd og vkys eksgEenvl- ds vez dks
lqusa vkSj mldh brkvr djsa ¼ysfdu mUgksaus ,slk ugha fd;k½ cfYd mUgksaus
vYykg ds nhu esa vius d+;klkr vkSj jk;s dk bLrseky fd;k pqukaps
mEer ds tkfgy muds iS: cu x;sA mudh fcnvrksa dh rd+yhn djus
yxs rkfd mudks Hkh ogh fj;klr gkfly gks tk;s tks bUgs gkfly gqbZ gSA
buds beke tc tc bUgs tgkyrksa esa x+dZ djrs gSa rks og mls mudk
Qt+y o deky “kqekj djrs gSa mudh fcnvrksa esa ls pUn dk ge ;gka
ft+Ø djrs gSaA voke dh ;g fjok;r gS fd gt+jr mej fcu [kRrkc us
,d erZck yksxksa ls f[krkc djds dgk fd ,s yksxksa vkSjrksa dh esgjsa c<+k
p<+kdj u eqd+jZj djksA D;ksafd vxj ;g pht+ nqfu;k esa ckbls bT+t+r
vkSj [kqnk ds ut+nhd rdok esa “kqekj gksrh rks rqels igys mls jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- [kqn djrs gkykafd jlwyYykglvo- us viuh vkSjrksa esa ls fdlh
vkSjr dh esgj ckjg vkSfd+;k ls T+;knk ugha nh gSA
;g lqudj ,d vkSjr etesv ds vkf[k+jh fgLls ls mBh vkSj
mlus dgk fd , veh:y eqfeuhu vki gels gekjs ml gd+ dks D;ksa
150
Nhurs gS ftls vYykg us gekjs fy;s eqd+jZj fd;k gSA vYykg rvkyk dk
b”kkZn gS fd
o vkrsrqe bgnkgqUuk fdUrkju Qyk rv[kqtw feUgks ”kSvu 4&4@20A
rtqZek % vkSj vxj rqe viuh vkSjrksa esa ls fdlh dks ,d fdUrkj ¼rdjhcu
lkS jry lksuk ox+Sjg½ ns nks rks rqe mlesa ls t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh u yksA
¼gt+jr½ mej ;g lqudj [kkeks”k gks x;sA bldk tokc muls dqN Hkh u
cu iM+kA exj mUgksaus gkft+jhu ls dgk fd lqurs gks eSaus rqe yksxksa ls ,d
ckr dgh ftldh rqeus rks rjnhn ugha dhA exj ,d vkSjr tks vkSjrksa
esa dqN lc ls c<+dj vkfye Hkh ugha gS eq> ij ,rjkt+ djrh gSA voke
us bl ckr dks gt+jr mej dk Qt+y o deky rlOoqj fd;kA ysfdu
;g ckr le> esa ugha vkrh fd mUgksaus dSls okftc d+jkj ns fn;k fd og
“k[l jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dh fu;kcr djs tks bruk tkfgy gS fd ml ij
,d ,slh vkSjr ,rjkt+ djs tks vkSjrksa esa lcls T+;knk vkfye Hkh ugha gS
;k oks gd+ ckr ls T+;knk okfd+Q gSA
blh rjg ,d erZck gt+jr mej fcu [kRrkc us yksxksa ls eq[kkfrc
gks dj dgk fd gt+jr vcwcØ dh cSvr cx+Sj fdlh rnCcqj ds vpkud
gks xbZ FkhA [kqnk rvkyk bl cSvr ds “kj ls cpk;sA vxj dksbZ “k[l bl
fd+Le dh cSvr djs rks mldks ekj MkyksA xkS;k gt+jr mej us ;g
dgdj [kqn viuh tku dk d+Ry okftc dj fn;k vkSj mu reke yksxksa
dk d+Ry okftc dj fn;k ftUgksaus muds lkFk gt+jr vcw cØ dh cSvr
dh FkhA vkSj vius bl d+kSy ls [kqn f[kykQr ls nLr cjnkjh okftc dj
nhA D;ksafd gt+jr mej dks gt+jr vcw cØ gh us [kyhQk cuk;k FkkA
vkSj mUgksaus f[k+ykQr dh ckx Mksj vius gkFk esa ys yh FkhA u fd og
yksxksa dh jk; ls d+kbe gq, Fksa cfYd tc yksxksa us vesz f[kykQr ds
flyflys esa gt+jr vcw cØ ls dgk fd ge vkidks vYykg dh d+le nsrs
gS fd vki ge ij lax fny vkneh dks gkfde eqd+jZj u djsa rks ml oD+r
gt+jr vcw cØ us dgk fd D;k rqe yksx eq>s blls Mjkrs gksA gka tc eSa
vYykg ls tk feywaxk rks dgwaxk fd eSaus rsjs cUnksa esa ls csgrjhu “k[+l dks
rsjs cUnksa dk okyh o gkfde eqd+jZj fd;k gSA yksxksa us bu nksuksa gt+jkr
dh bu ckrksa dk badkj ugha fd;kA cfYd mUgksaus nksuksa ds eukfd+c o
151
Qt+kby esa ls bldks “kqekj fd;kA blh rjg voke us ;g fjok;r Hkh
uD+y dh gS fd ,d erZck gt+jr vcw cØ us yksxksa ls eq[kkfrc gksdj dgk
fd eSa rqe ij okyh o gkfde rks cu x;k gw¡ ysfdu rqe yksxksa ls T+;knk
vPNk ugha gw¡A vxj eq>s fdlh ckr dk bYe u gks rks rqe yksx eq>s jkg
jkLr crk nsukA voke us gt+jr vcw cØ dh bl ckr dks Hkh mudk ,d
Qt+y o deky rlOoqj fd;kA
voke dh fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck gt+jr mej us ,d vkSjr ij
ftlds isV ls N% ekg dk cPpk iSnk gqvk Fkk gn tkjh djus dk bjknk
fd;k rks mudks gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k fd ;g cPpk blds “kksgj dk
gS vkSj bl vkSjr ij dksbZ gn tkjh ugha dh tk ldrhA gt+jr mej us
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls dgk fd , vcqy gluv-l- ;g fdl nyhy dh fcuk ij
dgrs gksA
gtjr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k fd eSa ;g ckr [kqnk dh fdrkc ls
dgrk gw¡A vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS %
o geyqgw o fQlkyqgw lyklwu% “kgjk 26&46@15A
rtqZek % vkSj mldk isV ess jguk vkSj mldh nw/k fiykbZ ds rhl eghus
gq,A il cPps dk gey vkSj mlds nw/k NqMkus dh eqn~nr rhl eghus gSA
vkSj ;g Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
oy okfynkrks ;qjft+vu% vkSykngqUuk gkSysfu dkfeysfu 2&2@233
rtqZek % ¼vkSj rykd+ nsus ds ckn½ tks “k[l viuh vkSykn dks iwjh eqn~nr
rd nw/k fiyokuk pkgs rks mldh [kkfrj ls ek¡ viuh vkSykn dks nks lky
rd nw/k fiyk;s rks bl fglkc ls gey dh de&vt+&de eqn~nr N% ekg
dh gksrh gSA ;g lqudj gt+jr mej us ml vkSjr dks NksM+ fn;k vkSj
mlds cPps dks mlds cki ds lqiqnZ dj fn;k vkSj ml oD+r ;g dgk fd
vxj vkt vyh u gksrs rks mej gykd gks tkrkA voke us mudh bl
ckr dks Hkh dksbZ ,sc rlOowj ugha fd;kA cfYd mls Hkh Qt+hyr rlOowj
fd;kA
152
blh rjg ,d erZck gt+jr mej us ,d gkfeyk vkSjr dks
laxlkj djus dk bjknk fd;k rks gt+jr vyhv-l- us dgk fd bl vkSjr
ds isV esa tks cPpk gS blds ckjs esa rqeus D;k lkspk gSA ;g lqudj gt+jr
mej ml vkSjr dks laxlkj djus ls ckt+ vk x;sA voke esa ls ,d dkSe
dk ;g [;ky gS ;g ckr gt+jr mej ls evkt+ us dgh Fkh rks ml oD+r
gt+jr mej us ;g dgk Fkk fd vxj evkt+ u gksrs rks mej gykd gks
tkrkA t+jk lkspks rks vxj bl fd+Le dh gjdr fdlh dksroky ls
ljt+n gks tkrh rks yksx mlds f[k+ykQ gaxkek epk nsrs vkSj mldks
evt+wy djok dj gh ne ysrs rks fQj fdl rjg ls yksxksa us ml “k[+l
ds fy;s xokjk dj fy;k tks jlwys&[kqnkl-v-o- ds ed+ke esa tk cSBk gS vkSj
bl fd+Le dh tgkyrksa ds lkFk eqlyekuksa dh vekur dk nkosnkj gS vkSj
tks viuh tgkyr dk bd+jkj Hkh djrk gS rks mls mldk Qt+y o deky
o rokt+ksa le>k tkrk gSA [k+kdlkjh dk Hkh dksbZ ekSd+k gksrk gS vxj dksbZ
cj ekSd+k [k+kdlkjh fn[kk;s rks mldh rkjhQ dh tkrh gSA vxj ge
muds bekeksa dh bl fd+Le dh reke ckrksa dks d+ye cUn djsa rks ;g bl
fdrkc dh gn ls [k+kfjt gSA
eqlyekuksa ds mu nksuksa [kqyQkv ds ckn yksxksa us gt+jr mLeku
dh f[kykQr ij bÙksQkd+ dj fy;kA buesa vUlkj o eqgkftjhu nksuks
“kkfey FksA voke us gt+jr mLeku dh Hkh fcn~vrksa dk ft+Ø fd;k gS
ftldh QgfjLr cgqr rohy gSA mUgksaus mldks dksbZ ,sc [+;ky ugha fd;k
cfYd og muds ut+nhd beke gh jgs vkSj muds d+kSy ij vey fd;k
tkrk Fkk vkSj voke eqvkfo;k ds d+kSy ij Hkh vey djrs jgsA gkykafd
og vDlj voke ds ut+nhd xqejkg Fkk vkSj ckfx+;ksa esa ls FkkA vkSj bl
rjg voke ejoku fcu gde vkSj vez fcu vkl ds d+kSy ij Hkh vey
djrs gSaA vkSj tks muds ge feLy gaS muds vD+oky ij vey djrs gaS og
bl flyflys esa jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dk ;g b”kkZn crkSj lqcwr is”k djrs gS
fd muds t+ve ds eqrkfcd+ vkius ;g Qjek;k fd esjs vlgkc flrkjksa
ds ekfuan gaSA muesa ls ftldk Hkh nkeu idM+ yksxs fgnk;r ikvksxsA
gkykafd jlwys [kqnklvo- us ;aw ugha Qjek;k gS cfYd vkius ;g Qjek;k gS
fd esjs vgyscSrv-l- esa ls tks vbEek gksaxs og flrkjksa dh ekfuan gaS muesa
ls rqe ftldk Hkh nkeu idM+ yksxs fgnk;r ikvksxsA vxj voke ds
dgus ds eqrkfcd+ vkagt+jrlvo- us vlgkcksa dks vu&utwe Qjek;k gS vkSj
153
muds ut+nhd vlgkc oks gS ftUgksaus iSx+Ecjl-v-o- dks viuh vka[kksa ls ns[kk
Fkk vkSj vkidh lksgcr esa jgsA rks bl d+kSy ls rks reke vlgkc ds d+Ry
dh bt+ktr gksrh gS D;ksafd og reke ds reke vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds ckn
vkil esa yM+ iMs+ Fks vkSj mUgksaus vkil esa bf[+rykQ fd;k Fkk ;gak rd
fd ckvt+ us ckvt+ dks d+Ry fd;kA vxj dksbZ bdfrnkv djus okyk
muesa ls fdlh ,d dh iSjoh djs rks muds d+kSy ds eqrkfcd mlds fy;s
ml rkbQk dk d+Ry gyky gks tkrk gS ftlls oks lgkch tax djsaxsA
fQj mldh jk; cny xbZ vkSj mlus nwljs rkbQk esa ls fdlh dh iSjoh
dj yhA rks vc igys rkbQk dks d+Ry djuk mlds fy;s gyky o tkbt+
gksxk ftlesa og igys FkkA vYykg rvkyk vkSj mlds iSx+Ecj gjfxt+ ,sls
yksxksa dh bd+frnkv dk vez ugha djrs tks ckge bf[rykQ j[krs gksa vkSj
;g dSls eqefdu gS fd ftu yksxksa dh bd+frnkv djus dk gqDe [kqnk ns
rks ekewj dks bl ckr dk bYe rd u gks fd og muesa ls fdldh
bfRrckv vkSj iSjoh djsA bl d+kSy dk Qlkn fcYdqy okts+g gSA bl
fd+Le dk ,vfrd+kn j[kus okys ij gqTtr o nyhy dk;e djus dh dksbZ
t+:jr ugha gSA
vkSj blds ckn Qrok lkfnj djuk vcw guhQk] ekfyd vkSj
“kkQbZ ij equgflj gS ;g muds vdkfcj gSa ftuls mUgksaus bYe fy;k gS
¼;k ftuds et+gc ij voke gS½ muds bu vdkfcj esa muds fy;s fdrkcsa
fy[kh gSa vkSj cM+s&cM+s nQkfrj eqjfRrc fd;s gSa vkSj vius eq[k+kfyQhu ij
gqTtr o bfLrnyky fd;k gSA
vcw guhQk ds nks “kkfxZn vcw ;qlwQ vkSj glu fcu ft+;kn us muls
fjok;rsa d+yecan dh gSa vkSj voke ds ut+nhd ;g nksuksa vcw guhQk ds
cqyan ik;k “kkfxZnksa esa ls gaSA vcw ;qlqQ vkSj glu fcu ft+;kn dk d+kSy
gS fd vcw guhQk us dgk fd gekjk ;g bYe flQZ jk; ij equgflj gS
vkSj ;g lcls menk rjhdk gS ftl ij geus dkcw ik;k gSA vxj dksbZ
blls menkg rjhd+k crk;s rks ge mldks d+cwy djus dks rS;kj gSaA
jgs ekfyd rks muls muds “kkfxZn v”kgc fcu vCnqy vt+ht+ us
fjok;ras c;ku dh gSa vkSj ;g voke ds ut+nhd ekfyd ds cqyUn ik;k
“kkfxZnksa esa ls gSaA oks c;ku djrs gaS fd eSa ,d erZck ekfyd dh f[kner
esa gkft+j Fkk fd vkils rykd+ dk eLvyk iwNk x;k rks mUgksaus dgk fd
rykd+ rhu erZck gSA ;g lqudj eSaus bls fy[kus ds fy;s d+ye nokr
154
laHkkyh rks mUgksaus dgk fd ;g D;k dj jgs gks eSaus dgk fd vki us vHkh
vHkh tks dqN Qjek;k gS mldks fy[k jgk gw¡A mUgksaus dgk fd ,slk u
djksA D;ksafd cgqr eqefdu gS fd eSa “kke rd ;g dg nwa fd rykd+ flQZ
,d erZck esa okd+sv gks tkrh gSA
jgs “kkQbZ rks muls Hkh muds vlgkc us fjok;r c;ku dh gS fd
mUgksaus vius vkSj ge felyksa ¼;kfu eqQfr;ksa dh rd+yhn½ ls jksdk gSA
;g yksx vkSj muls igys muds tks blykQ xqt+j pqds gaS] muesa
ls dksbZ Hkh ,slk u Fkk tks vius d+kSy ls u fQj x;k gksA ;gka rd oks bl
vkye ls bfUrd+ky dj x;kA pqukaps blls ;g lkfcr gksrk gS fd vxj
oks vkSj ft+Unk jgrs rks u tkus oks viuh fdu&fdu ckrksa ls fQj tkrs
ftu ij oks bfUrd+ky dj x;sA tkfgy voke fQj Hkh mudk nkeu idM+s
gq, gSa vkSj mudh rd+yhn ¼iSjoh½ djrs gaSA muesa ls dksbZ ,slk ugha gS tks
¼vius bu bekeks vkSj eqQrh;ksa½ ds d+kSy ls fQjus dh ckr rd djs cfYd
muds d+kSy ds eq[kkfyQ dks xqejkg le>rs gSaA vkSj ;g tkfgy voke
ftuds bekeksa ds eqrkfYyd+ geus tks dqN c;ku fd;k gS mls mudk
Qt+y o deky le>rs gSaA gkykafd ;g muds m;wc gaSA dk”k mudks
m;wc ds ij[kus vkSj muds vd+oky dh cqjkbZ dks le>us dh rkSQhd+
gksrhA
;g yksx ¼voke½ beke ekfyd ls fjok;r djrs gSa fd mudk
vd+hnk [okfjt dk vd+hnk FkkA D;ksafd tc muls [okfjt ds ckjs esa
nj;k¶+r fd;k x;k rks mUgksaus dgk fd ;g eqefdu ugha gS fd ge ml
dkSe ds ckjs esa dqN dgsa tks ge ij gkfde gqbZ vkSj mlus gekjs lkFk
vny vkSj bUlkQ dk lqywd fd;k vkSj beke “kkQb oks gSa ftuls cgqr
lh fjok;rsa c;ku dh xbZ gS vkSj voke ds ut+nhd oks cqyan eqd+ke vkSj
lkfgcs ekvfjQr vkSj reht+ gaSA mUgksaus ;g dgk fd beke ekfyd ds
fy;s tkbt+ ugha gS fd oks dksbZ Qrok tkjh djs vkSj tc beke “kkQbZ
vkSj muds ge et+gc vius ut+nhd bu ckrksa ls egQwt+ jg x;s ftudk
Qlkn geus Åij c;ku dj fn;k gS] vkSj ml “k[+l dh rd+yhn dh fd
ftldh rd+yhn vYykg us okftc ugha dh gS rks oks mlls Hkh “kj esa Qal
x;s vkSj fQj mlls fudy uk lds vkSj mUgksaus ;g dgk fd ge fdlh
dh rd+yhn ugha djrs ysfdu ge rks gj ,d dgus okys dk d+kSy ysrs
gSa tks lkfcr gks vkSj tks Qkfln gksrk gS mldks NksM+ nsrs gSa vxj mUgksuas
155
“kkQb ls mudh rd+yhn djds tks dqN fy;k gks rc Hkh og rd+yhn ls
cp u ldsA vkSj ftlds d+kSy esa t+jk Hkh Qlkn gks rks okftc ugh gS fd
mlls dksbZ d+kSy fy;k tk;s [+okg oks t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh mldh rd+yhn uk
djrs gksa] mudk ;g dguk fd geus muds d+kSy esa ls tks lkfcr ik;k
mldks ys fy;kA bl rjg rks og xks;k vius u¶l dh rd+yhn esa
eqcfryk gks x;sA vkSj nwljksa ij okftc gS fd muls dksbZ u ys tSlk fd
mUgksaus rd+yhn u djuk okftc djkj fn;k gSA mudk reke rj ,vfrekn
mudh gok ijlfr;ksa ij gSA vxj bl jkg esa bruh dq”kknxh vkSj oqlvr
fdlh dks gkfly gksrh rks ;g oqlvr vfEc;k fdjke dks nh tkrhA
vYykg rvkyk us eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds ckjs esa Qjek;k gS fd %
o ek ;ufrd+ks vfuy gok 0 bu gqo% bYyk og;qu ;wgk 0 27&53@3&4
rtqZek % vkSj ¼eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o-½ viuh u¶lkuh [+okfg”k ls dksbZ
ckr ugha djrsA ;g rks ogh gS tks mudh rjQ dh tkrh gSA vkSj vYykg
rvkyk us nkÅnv-l- ls Qjek;k gS %
o yk rRrfcby gok Q ;qft+Yyd% vu lchfyYykfgA 23&38@26
rtqZek % ¼, nkÅnv-l½ viuh u¶lkuh [+okfg”k ds rkcsv u gks tkvksA ojuk
;g iSjoh rqEgs [kqnk dh jkg ls gVk nsxh vkSj ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd
vj,r% efur r[kt+% bykggw gokgks 19&25@43 D;k ns[kk rqeus ml
“k[l dks ftlus viuh u¶lkuh [okfg”k dks viuk ekcwn cuk j[kk gSA
il vYykg vkSj mlds jlwylvo us flQZ bfRrckv ¼iSjoh½ dk vez fd;k
gS vkSj gj “k[l dks ;g b[kfr;kj ugha fn;k gS fd og viuh jk; viuh
ilan vkSj viuh u¶lkuh [okfg”k ij ,frekn djsA bfRrckv ds ckjs esa
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd
oRr%fcÅ vglu% ek mufty% bySdqe feUj jfCcdqe 24&39@55A
156
rtqZek % vkSj tks vPNh ckrsa rqEgkjs jc dh tkfuc ls rqe ij ukft+y gqbZ
gSa mu ij pyksA vkSj jlwys vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd %
bRr rfcÅ oyk rcrfnÅ QdqYyks fcnvfru nykyrqu o dqYyks
nykyfru fQUukj iSjoh djks fcnvr u djks D;ksafd gj fcnvr xqejkgh
gS vkSj gj xqejkgh dk fBdkuk tgUue gSA vkius bl gnhl ls fcYdqy
;g okt+sg dj fn;k gS fd tks bfRrckv dk eq[k+kfyQ gS og fcnvrh gSA
blls dCy geus mu yksxksa dk ft+Ø dj fn;k gS ftudh bRrvkc djus
vkSj ftuls bYe gkfly djus dk vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy us gqDe fn;k
gSA vkSj og vbEerqy gqnkv-l- gSa ftudh brkvr dks vYykg rvkyk us
vius cUnksa ij Qt+Z dj fn;k gS vkSj ftuls iwNus dk gqDe fn;k gSA
c;ku fd;k tkrk gS fd ,d erZck vgys [kqjklku esa ls ,d
“k[+l gt ds fy;s fudyk vkSj mlus beke vcw guhQk ls eqykd+kr dh
vkSj muls dqN elkby d+yecan fd;sA fQj tc og nqljs lky ykSV dj
vk;k rks beke vcw guhQk ls feyk vkSj mUgh elkby dks nksckjk is”k
fd;k rks og mu reke elkby ls fQj x;sA ;g ns[kdj [kqjklkuh vius
flj ij [kkd mM+kus yxk vkSj “kksj epkus yxkA yksx mlds ikl tek
gks x;s rks mlus dgk fd , yksxks bl “k[l us xqft+”rk lky eq>s pan
Qros fn;s Fks tks bl fdrkc esa gSA eSa tc vius oru ykSVdj okil x;k
rks eSaus bl Qros ds eqrkfcd+ QtksZa dks gyky dj fy;k Fkk vkSj [kwu
cgk;k Fkk vkSj blh ds eqrkfcd eky dk ysu&nsu fd;k Fkk tc eSa bl
lky fQj buls feyk rks og reke ckrksa ls fQj x;sA ml oD+r beke vcw
guhQk us dgk fd ;g rks esjh jk; FkhA vc mlds f[k+ykQ o cjvDl
esjh jk; gSA [kqjklkuh us muls dgk fd ok, gks rqe ijA vxj eSa bl
lky Hkh rqe ls ogh elkby d+yecan dj ysrk ftlls rqe fQj x;s gks
rks mlls rqe vkbUnk Hkh fQj tkrsA vcw guhQk us dgk fd eq>s bldk
bYe ugha gSA [kqjklkuh us dgk fd] ysfdu eSa ;g tkurk gw¡ fd rqe ij
vYykg mlds Qfj”rksa vkSj reke yksxksa dh QVdkj gSA voke ds reke
eqQfr;ksa dk rd+jhcu ;gh gky gSA buesa ls tc dksbZ elvyk crkrk gS
rks ml ij vey Hkh fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mldk d+kSy fy;k tkrk gS vkSj
ml d+kSy dks ysus okys ml ij vey Hkh dj pqdrs gaSA fQj og vius
157
d+kSy ls fQj tkrk gSA oks mlh rjg cjkcj vius d+kSy ls fQjrk jgrk
gS ;gka rd fd mlls fQj iwNk tkrk gS rks mldks dksbZ ,slh nyhy ugha
feyrh tks mldks futkr fnyk;sA bl ekst+wv ds gqTtr o nyhy dk
flyflyk cgqr rohy gSA
ct+es [k+oh”k ¼igys nksa [kyhQk dh egfQy esa cSBus okys] muds
ekuus okys½ fQd+g dk bYe j[kus okys Qqd+gk us gt+jr vcw cØ vkSj
gt+jr mej ls ;g fjok;r c;ku dh gS fd nksuks “ks[k+su gt+jkr us
jlwyYykgl-v-o- ls ;g gnhl c;ku dh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd
dqjS”k dks vkxs djks rqe muds vkxs u jgksA mu ls bYe lh[kks mudks rqe
u fl[kkvks vkSj vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS beker dqjS”k dk gd+ gS bl
rjg ls dkSe [kqn bd+jkj dj jgh gS fd dqjS”k dks mu ij rdÌqe
¼cM+rjh½ gkfly gS vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds b”kkZn ds eqrkfcd+ gS vkSj bl
fjok;r ls rks mu yksxksa dk dqÝ lkfcr gksrk gS ftUgksaus mu cqrksa
¼Qqd+gkvkass½ dk d+kSy viuk;k gS vkSj ftlus mudk d+kSy fy;k gSA blls
;g ykft+e vkrk gS fd mlus vYykg ds d+kSy dks jn~n fd;k gS vkSj
jlwYykgl-v-o- ds d+kSy dks >qByk;k gS D;ksafd ;g yksx og ugha gaS ftu dks
Qt+hyr nh xbZ gS vkSj u ;g og yksx gSa ftudh u¶lkuh [+okfg”k vkSj
D+;kl vkSj jk; dh iSjoh dk yksxksa dks gqDe fn;k x;k gSA vkSj ;g yksx
dqN [kkunkus dqjS”k ls Hkh ugha gaSA mUgksaus bl fjok;r ls mEer dks “kqcg
¼”kd esa½ esa Mky fn;k tSlk fd “ks[k+ksa us fd;k Fkk vxj og vYykg dks
lPpk ekurs vkSj jlwyl-v-o- ds d+kSy dks rlyhe djrs rks t+:j og ml
ul dk bd+jkj djrs tks vkius vius olh gt+jr vyhv-l- ij QjekbZ FkhA
vkSj ftudh cSvr yksxksa ls yh Fkh vkSj yksxksa dks ftudh brkvr vkSj
bd+frnkv dh rkdhn dh FkhA vxj og ;g bd+jkj dj ysrs rks xks;k ;g
le>k tkrk fd mUgksaus fjok;r dks lgh c;ku fd;k gSA vkSj ;g le>k
tkrk fd mUgksaus mEer dks x+Qyr ls csnkj fd;k gS vkSj viuh tkuksa dks
vt+kcs tgUue ls cpk;k gSA ysfdu tc mUgksaus beke ekfyd vkSj vius
nwljs bekeksa ls elkby v[+t+ ¼ekywe½ djuk okftc Bgjk fy;k gS rks mu
ij mu yksxksa dh brkvr okftc gS ftUgksaus nhuh eqvkeykr esa Qrok nsus
ds fy;s vius vkidks eqRrd+h cuk fy;k gS vkSj mEer ds tkfgy vkSj
ukdkjg yksxksa dks xqejkg djus ds fy;s vius vki dks eq¶rh cuk fy;k
gS tc gkyr ,d gh gS vkSj d+;kl tkjh gS rks vYykg rvkyk us dqjvkus
158
ikd esa tks ;g d+kSy vius iSxacjl-v-o- ij ukft+y fd;k gS ckfry gks tkrk
gSA [kqnk dk b”kkZn gS fd
vy ;kSe% vdeyrks ydqe nhudqe o vreerks vySdqe usverh o
jt+hrks ydqeqy bLyke% nhuk 5&5@3A
rtqZek % vkt eSaus rqEgkjs nhu dks dkfey cuk fn;k gS vkSj rqe ij viuh
usversa iwjh dj nh gSaA vkSj rqEgkjs bl nhus bLyke dks ilan fd;k gSA
eSa bZeku ds ckn dqÝ ls iukg ekaxrk gw¡ vkSj “kSrku ds nksLrksa vkSj is:vksa
dh fpduh pqiM+h ckrksa dh rjQ ekby gksus ls iukg pkgrk gw¡ vkSj
vYykg ds d+kSy dks NksM+ nsus ls iukg pkgrk gw¡A [kqnk vius Qt+y o
dje ls ge lcdks bl fd+Le dh ckrksa ls cpk;s vkSj viuh jger ls
gekjh rykQh djsA vkSj gedks vYykg viuh brkvr ij lkfcr d+ne
jgus okyksa esa ls cuk;sA
vkSj jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds vgyscSrs rkfgjhuv-l- esa ls vYykg rvkyk
ds vez ds tks okyh gS muls bYe gkfly djus okyksa esa ls gedks cuk;sA
bl flyflys esa vxj nykby is”k fd;s tk;sa rks ;g ekst+wv cgl bl
fdrkc dh gn ls [kkfjt gksxkA exj geus “krZ yxk j[kh gS fd ge gj
ekst+wv ij b[k+frlkj ls dke ysaxsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius beke vcw guhQk
ls Qjek;k tcfd og vkidh f[kner esa gkft+j gq, FksA vkius muls dgk
fd , ukseku ftl elvys esa rqedks vYykg dh fdrkc vkSj jlwyYykglvo-
dh gnhl esa dksbZ nyhy vkSj gqTtr u feyrh gks rks ml oD+r rqe fdl
pht+ ij ,frekn djrs gksA mUgksaus tokc fn;k fd bl elvysa ds
flyfly esa tks dqN eq>s gnhls jlwyqYykgl-v-o- vkSj fdrkc esa feyrk gS
ml ij ls bl elvys dks d+;kl dj ysrk gw¡A beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl-
us ml oD+r muls Qjek;k fd lcls igys ftlus d+;kl fd;k Fkk og
bcyhl gSA mlus vius d+;kl esa [k+rk dh FkhA D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk us
mldks vknev-l- dks ltnk djus dk gqDe fn;k Fkk ysfdu mlus ¼vius
d+;kl ls½ ;g tokc fn;k fd %
159
vuk [kS:e feUgks [kyd+ruh feu ukfju o [kyd+rgw feu rhu 0
8&7@12A
rtqZek % eSa vkne ls csgrj gw¡A rqus eq>s vkx ls iSnk fd;k gS vkSj vkne
dks feV~Vh ls cuk;k gSA “kSrku us ;g jk; lksph fd vkx dk valqj feV~Vh
ls T+;knk v”kjQ o vQt+y gSA il mlds bl d+;kl us ges”kk ds fy;s
t+yhy&dqu vt+kc esa Mky fn;kA vPNk , ukseku ;g crkvks fd bu
nksuksa esa ls dkSu lh pht+ T+;knk ikd gS& euh ;k iS”kkcA ukseku us dgk
fd euhA vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk us iS”kkc djus ds ckn oqt+w
okftc fd;k gS ysfdu euh ds [kq:t ij xqLy ykft+e fd;k gSA vxj
bl elvys dks d+;kl dh ,sud ls ns[kk tk;s rks iS”kkc ij xqLy okftc
gksuk pkfg;sA vkSj ;g crkvksa dh [kqnk ds ut+nhd ft+uk lcls cM+k xqukg
gS ;k fdlh dks d+Ry djukA ukseku us dgk fd fdlh dks ekj Mkyuk
cM+k xqukg gSA vkius Qjek;k fd fdlh dks ekj Mkyus ds lqcwr esa nks
“kkfgn vYykg us j[ks gSaA vkSj ft+uk ds fy;s pkj “kkfgn gSaA vxj bl
elvys dks Hkh d+;kl dh ,sud ls ns[kk tk;s rks d+Ry esa pkj “kkfgn gksus
pkfg;sA D;ksafd ;g lcls cM+k xqukg gS vkSj ;g crkvksa fd [kqnk ds
ut+nhd uekt+ dk erZck cM+k gS ;k jkst+k dkA ukseku us dgk fd uekt+
dk] vki us Qjek;k fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us rks gkbt+ ¼gSt+ okyh½ vkSjr dks
jkst+k d+t+k djus dk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj uekt+ d+t+k u i<+us dk gqDe fn;k
gSA vxj bl dks Hkh d+;kl dh ,sud ls ns[kk tk;s rks gkbt+k dks uekt+
d+t+k i<+uk pkfg;sA rks , ukseku rqe vYykg ls Mjks vkSj d+;kl u djksA
D;ksafd ge vkSj rqe vkSj gekjs eq[kkfyQhu nksuksa d+;ker ds jkst+ vYykg
ds lkeus [kM+s gksaxs rks [kqnk ml oD+r gekjs vd+oky ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNsxk
vkSj rqe ls rqEgkjs vd+oky ds ckjs esa iwNsxk rks ge ml oD+r ;g tokc
nsaxs fd vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy us dgk gS vkSj rqe vkSj rqEgkjs lkFkh ;g
dgsaxs fd geus jk; vkSj d+;kl fd;k gS rks ml oD+r [kqnk gekjs vkSj
rqEgkjs lkFk tks pkgsxk og lywd djsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d jkst+ bCus vch
ySyk ls Qjek;k fd , vCnqy jgeku D;k rqe yksxksa ds njfe;ku QSlys
djrs gksA mUgksaus dgk fd gka , Qjt+Uns jlwy vkius Qjek;k fd rqe ,d
dk eky Nhu dj nwljs dks ns nsrs gks vkSj ,d dh vkSjr dks Nhu dj
nwljs dks ns nsrs gks ,d ij gn tkjh djrs gks vkSj nwljs dks d+Sn djrs
160
gksA mUgksaus dgk fd [kqnk dh fdrkc dh cqfu;kn ijA vkius Qjek;k fd
D;k rqe tks dqN Hkh QSlys djrs gks rks D;k mu reke dk gy [kqnk dh
fdrkc ls rqEgsa fey tkrk gSA mUgksaus dgk fd ughaA vki us Qjek;k fd
tc rqe vYykg dh fdrkc esa ugha ikrs rks ml oD+r D;k djrs gksa mUgksauas
dgk fd eSa jlwyYykgl-v-o- dk d+kSy ysrk gw¡A vki us Qjek;k rks D;k rqe
gj elvys dk tokc vYykg dh fdrkc vkSj jlwyYykglvo- dh gnhl esa
ikrs gks\ mUgksaus dgk fd eSa ftl pht+ dk gy vYykg dh fdrkc vkSj
jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh lqUur esa ugha ikrk rks vlgkcs jlwyYykg ds d+kSy o
Qvy ij vey djrk gw¡A vkius Qjek;k fd vlgkc esa fdu ds d+kSy o
Qvy ij vey djrs gksA mUgksaus dgk fd gt+jr vcw cØ] gt+jr mej]
gt+jr vyh] gt+jr mLeku vkSj gt+jr rygk o t+qcsj blh rjg vkSj
nhxj vlgkc ds uke crk;saA vkius Qjek;k fd rqe muls tks dqN Hkh
ysrs gks ml ij lc eqRrfQd+ gks tkrs gSaA mUgksaus dgk fd ughaA vkius
Qjek;k fd ;g rks crkvks fd tc og ,d nwljs ds cj&vDl gksrs gSa rks
muesa ls fdlds d+kSy ij vey djrs gksA mUgksaus dgk fd muesa ls
ftlds d+kSy ij vey djuk equkflc le>rk gw¡ mldk d+kSy ys ysrk gw¡A
vkius Qjek;k fd rqedks bl ckr dh dksbZ ijokg ugha gksrh fd rqe ml
oD+r ckdh nwljs vlgkc dh eq[k+kfyQr djrs gksA mUgksaus dgk fd ughaA
vkius Qjek;k fd D;k rqe vyhv-l- ds QSlys dh eq[k+kfyQr djksxs
ftlds eqrkfYyd+ rqEgas [kcj igq¡p pqdh gks fd vkius ,slk QSlyk fd;k
FkkA mUgksaus dgk fd vdlj eSa vkidh eq[k+kfyQr djds nwljs vlgkc ds
d+kSy ij vey djrk gw¡A ;g lqudj beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- FkksM+h nsj
ds fy;s [k+keks”k gks x;sA vki t+ehu dqjsnus yxsA fQj vkius viuk flj
eqckjd Å¡pk fd;k vkSj dgk fd , vCnqy jgeku rqe d+;ker ds jkst+
D;k tokc nksaxsA tc jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- rqEgkjk gkFk idM+dj vYykg
rvkyk ds lkeus [kM+k djsaxs vkSj Qjek;saxs , ijojfnxkj bl “k[+l rd
esjk d+kSy igq¡pk FkkA exj bl “k[l us esjs d+kSy ds f[ky+kQ vey fd;kA
mUgksaus dgk fd , Qjt+Uns jlwy dc eSaus jlwyYykgl-v-o- ds d+kSy dh
eq[k+kfyQr dh gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd D;k rqEgs jlwyYykglvo- dk ;g
d+kSy ugha igq¡pk fd ,d erZck vkius vius vlgkc ls f[k+rkc djds
Qjek;k Fkk fd vyh rqe esa lcls cM+s d+kt+h gSaA mUgksaus dgk fd gkaA
vkius Qjek;k fd tc rqeus vyh ds d+kSy dh eq[k+kfyQr dh rks D;k
161
rqeus [kqn jlwyqYykgl-v-o- dh eq[k+kfyQr uk dhA ;g lqudj bCus ySyk
dk psgjk t+nZ gks x;k vkSj muls dksbZ tokc u cu iM+kA
vk Sj me: fcu mts +;uk ls fjok;r gSA vki beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- ds vlgkc esa ls FksA me: fcu mts+;uk dgrs gSa fd
eSa ,d erZck vCnqy jgeku fcu vch ySyk ds ikl dwQk x;kA oks ogka
ds d+kt+h FksA eSaus dgk fd eSa vkils pan elkby ds ckjs esa iwNuk pkgrk
gw¡A [kqnk vkidks jkgs jkLr fn[kk;sA eSa ml t+ekus esa uksmez FkkA vCnqy
jgeku us dgk fd , fcjknjs eu iqNks tks iwNuk pkgrs gksA eSaus muls
dgk fd vki vius d+kft+;ksa ds rcds ¼Js.kh½ ds ckjs esa eq>s crkb;s fd
tc vki yksxksa ds ikl ehjkl fudkg o rykd+ vkSj d+Ry oxSjg ds
elkby vkrs gaS rks vki viuh jk; ls mudk QSlyk djrs gaSA fQj ;gh
d+ft+;k eDds ds d+kt+h ds ikl tkrk gS rks og vkids QSlys ds cjvDl
QSlyk nsrs gaSA vkSj ;gh d+ft+;k tc cljk vkSj enhuk vkSj ;eu ds
d+kft+;ksa ds ikl tkrk gS rks og lc rqEgkjs QSlys ds cjvDl QSlyk nsrs
gSaA fQj rqe lc vius [k+yhQk ds ikl gkft+j gksrs gksA ftlus rqels
QSlyk ryc fd;k Fkk rks rqe yksx mls vius b[k+frykQkr ls okfd+Q
djrs gks rks fQj og rqe esa ls gj ,d dh jk; dks Bhd dj nsrk gSA
gkykafd rqEgkjk [kqnk ,d gS rqEgkjk uch ,d gS] rqEgkjk nhu ,d gSA D;k
vYykg us rqedks b[k+frykQ djus dk gqDe fn;k gS fd rqe bldh iSjoh
djrs gksA ;k rqedks mlus b[k+frykQ ls jksdk gSA il rqe b[k+frykQ
djds mlds vklh cu x;s gksA ;k rqe vYykg ds gqDe esa mlds “kjhd
gks fd ftlls rqedks ;g etkt+ ¼bf[+r;kj½ gkfly gS fd tks pkgks rqe
dgks vkSj vYykg ij ;g okftc gS fd og mldks ilan dj ysA ;k fQj
vYykg us ukfd+l nhu mrkjk gSA ftldks reke djus ds fy;s rqels
mlus enn ekaxh gS ;k fQj vYykg us rks mldks dkfey mrkjk Fkk exj
jlwyYykgl-v-o- mlds vnk djus ls d+kflj jgsA ;k fQj rqe gh crkÅ fd
bl ckjs esa rqe D;k dgrs gksA vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd , ukStoku rqe
fdl “kgj ds ckf”kans gksA eSaus dgk fd eSa ckf”kanxkus cljk esa ls gw¡A
vCnqy jgeku us iwNk fd fdl d+chys ls gksA eSaus tokc fn;k fd dchyk
vCnqy d+Sl ls gq¡A vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd fdl [kkunku ls gksA eSaus
dgk fd cuh mts+;uk esa ls gw¡A mUgksaus dgk fd vCnqy jgeku fcu
mts+;uk rqEgkjk D;k yxkrk gS\ eSaus dgk fd og esjs nknk gksrs gaSA ;g
162
lqudj mUgksaus eq>s ejgck dgk vkSj vius ls d+jhc fd;kA vkSj dgk fd
, ukStoku rqeus loky esa l[+rh ls dke fy;kA vkSj [+okeks[+okg ds fy;s
my> x;sA eSa rqedks bu elkby dk tokc nsrk gw¡A lquks rqeus tks
QSlyksa ds b[k+frykQkr ds ckjs esa dgk rks gekjs ikl tc ,sls elkby
vkrs gS fd ftudk gy vYykg rvkyk dh fdrkc vkSj jlwyYykgl-v-o-
dh lqUur esa ekStwn gksrk gS rks gesa mldks fdrkcqYykg vkSj lqUurs
jlwyYykgl-v-o- ls rtkoqt+ djus dk etkt+ gkfly ugha gSA ysfdu tc
,sls elkby okfjn gks tkrs gSa ftudk gy uk rks [kqnk dh fdrkc esa
feyrk gS vkSj uk jlwy dh lqUur esa rks ml oD+r ge viuh jk; ij
vey djrs gSaA eSaus dgk fd rqeus dqN Hkh ugha fd;k D;ksafd vYykg rks
;g Qjekrk gS fd %
ek QjZruk fQy fdrkfc feu “kSbu 7&6@38A
rtqZek % geus fdrkc ¼dqjvku½ esa fdlh pht+ ¼ds fy[kus½ esa dksrkgh ugh
dh gSA vkSj ;g Hkh b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd %
o uT+t+yuk vySdy fdrkc% frc;kuy fydqfYy ”kSbu 14&16@89
rtqZek % vkSj geus rqe ij ¼,slh½ fdrkc ukft+y dh gS fd mlesa gj pht+
dk “kkQh ¼rQlhy ls½ c;ku ekStwn gSA bl ckjs esa vkidk D;k [;ky gS
fd ,d “k[+l us vYykg ds gqDe ij vey fd;k vkSj ftlls mlus euk
fd;k Fkk mlls ckt+ jgk rks dksbZ pht+ vYykg ds fy;s ckd+h jg xbZ gS
fd ftldks vxj u djs rks mlds fy;s mldks vt+kc djsaxs vkSj vxj
djs rks mldks lokc vrk djsaxsA vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd vYykg
rvkyk fdl rjg ls mldks ml vey dk lokc nsxkA ftlds djus dk
mlus gqDe ugha fn;k gSA ;k fdl rjg ls ml Qvy ds djus ij lt+k
djsxkA ftlls mlus jksdk ugha gS\ eSaus dgk fd rks vki ;g crkb;s fd
dSls vkids ikl ,sls elkby o vgdke vkrs gSa fd ftudk u rks
fdrkcqYykg esa c;ku gS vkSj u ftudh jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh lqUur esa dksbZ
[k+cj gS\ vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd , esjs HkkbZ ds Qjt+Un eSa rqEgs ,d
gnhl lqukrk gw¡ ftldks gekjs ckvt+ vlgkc us c;ku fd;k gSA vkSj ;g
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gnhl gt+jr mej fcu [k+Rrkc rd ejQqv gS fd mUgksaus ,d erZck nks
enksZa ds njfe;ku ,d QSlyk fd;kA ml oD+r muls tks “k[+l lcls
T+;knk ut+nhd Fkk mlus dgk fd vkius cjkcj QSlyk fd;k gSA ,
veh:y eqvfeuhu ml oD+r gt+jr mej us viuk MaMk ml ij cqyan
fd;k vkSj dgk fd rsjh ek¡ jks,A [kqnk dh d+le [kqn mej dks ekywe ugha
gS fd mlus Bhd QSlyk fd;k gS ;k x+yrh dh gSA ;g esjh jk; gS ftls
eSaus vius fnekx+ ls lkspk gSA fygkt+k rqe yksx gekjs gh lkeus gekjh
ikdh u c;ku djksA eSaus dgk fd , vCnqy jgeku D;k eSa vkils ,d
gnhl c;ku dj ldrk gw¡\ vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd og dkSu lh gnhl
gSA eSaus dgk fd esjs okfyn us vcqy vkfle vcnh ls vkSj mUgksaus vCcku
ls vkSj vCcku us veh:y eqvfeuhu vyh fcu vch rkfycv-l- ls ;g
fjok;r c;ku dh gS fd veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- us Qjek;k fd d+kft+;ksa dh
rhu fd+Lesa gSaA muesa ls ,d ukth gSa vkSj nks gykd gksus okys gaS tks nks
¼2½ d+kt+h gykd gksus okys gSa og t+kfye o tkfcj gSa vkSj venu tq+Ye
o tksj djus okys gSa vkSj btfrgkn esa [k+rk djus okys gaS vkSj ukth
¼futkr ikus okyk½ og gS tks vYykg ds gqDe ij vey djrk gS rks ,
ppk ;g gnhl vkidh gnhl ds cjvDl gSA vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd
gka [kqnk dh d+le , fcjknj t+kns vyhv-l- us ,slk dgk FkkA rks xks;k
rqEgkjs dgus dk eryc ;g gS fd gj “ks; dk ft+Ø [kqnk dh fdrkc
¼dqjvku½ esa ekStwn gSA eSaus dgk fd gka vYykg us [kqn gh Qjek;k gS fd
[kqnk dh fdrkc esa tks dqN Hkh gjke&gyky vez o ugf; gS og lc
ekStwn gS ftldks ekywe gS mldks ekywe gS vkSj tks cs[k+cj gSa lks og
cs[k+cj gSaA vkSj [kqnk us rks gedks viuh fdrkc esa ml pht+ dh Hkh [k+cj
nh gS ftlds ge t+:jrean ugha gSA fQj ;g dSls gks ldrk gS fd og
gesa ml pht+ dh [k+cj u djs ftlds ge eksgrkt gSaA vCnqy jgeku us
dgk fd ;g ckr rqe fdl cqfu;kn ij dgrs gks\ eSaus dgk fd vYykg
rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd%
Qvlcg% ;qd+fYycks d¶Qsfg vyk ek vuQd+% Qhgk 15&18@42A
rtqZek% rks mlus tks ckx+ ij lQZ fd;k Fkk ml ij vQlksl djus yxkA
vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd fQj bu ckrksa dk bYe fdlls gkfly gksrk gS\
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eSaus dgk fd rqe fdls igpkurs gks\ vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd vxj eSa
mudks igpku tkrk rks muds nksuks iSjksa dks /kksrk vkSj muls bYe gkfly
djrkA eSaus dgk fd rqEgs [kqnk dh d+le D;k rqe fdlh ,sls enZ dks
tkurs gks fd tc jlwyYykgl-v-o- ls fdlh pht+ dk loky djrs rks vki
mudks tokc buk;r Qjekrs vkSj tc og [kkeks”k jgrs rks muls vki
[kqn d+yke dh bfCrnk djrs FksA vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd gka og vyh
fcu vch rkfycv-l- FksA eSaus dgk fd D;k rqEgs ekywe gS fd vyhv-l- us
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds ckn gjke o gyky ds ckjs esa fdlh ls dHkh loky
fd;k gS\ vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd ughaA eSaus dgk fd D;k rqedks ;g
ekywe gS fd reke lgkck vkids eksgrkt Fks vkSj vkils ,sls elkby
iwNrs Fks\ vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd gkaA rks eSaus dgk fd lc bYe mUgh
ds ikl gSA vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd oks rks xqt+j pqds vc fdlls bYe
gkfly djsa\ eSaus dgk fd muds Qjt+Un ls iwNksA D;ksafd og bYe muds
Qjt+Unks esa ekStwn gSA vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd eSa muds Qjta+nksa dks
dgka ikšxk\ eSaus dgk fd D;k rqeus fdlh ,slh d+kSe dks ns[kk gS tks
t+ehu ds fdlh catj eSnku esa gSa vkSj muds gejkg jkLrk crkus okyksa dh
tekvr Hkh ekStwn gS vkSj mUgksaus mu jkLrk crkus okyksa ij gYyk cksy
fn;k gksA ;gka rd fd ckvt+ dks d+Ry dj fn;k vkSj ckvt+ ij tqYe
o flre <k;k il muesa ls tks ckd+h cps og muds Mj ls Nqi x;sA fQj
ml d+kSe dks ,sls yksx ugha feys tks mudh jguqekbZ djrs ftldh otg
ls og ml taxy esa HkVd dj gykd gks x;sA rqe ,slh d+kSe ds ckjs esa
D;k dgrs gks\ vCnqy jgeku us dgk fd og lc nkf[kys tgUue gksaxh
ml oD+r vCnqy jgeku dk psgjk t+nZ gks x;k vkSj mlds gkFk esa ,d
lQjty ¼,d Qy½ FkkA ftldks t+ehu ij ns ekjk vkSj og jst+k jst+k gks
x;kA fQj dgk fd bUuk fyYykfg o bUuk bysgs jkftÅuA
cvt+ vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vcw guhQk
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dh f[k+ner esa gkft+j gq,A vki vcw guhQk dh
rjQ ,d ydM+h ij Vsdk yxk;s ?kj ls ckgj fudys vcw guhQk us vkils
dgk fd vkius ;g vlk D;ks idM+ j[kk gS\ vki rks vHkh brus lu
jlhnk ugha gq, gS fd bl MaMs dh vkidks t+:jr gks\ beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k fd gka ysfdu tkurs gks ;g jlwyYykglvo-
dk vlk gS eSa bls rcj~:du vius gkFk esa j[krk gw¡A vcw guhQk us dgk
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fd vxj eq>s ekywe gksrk fd ;g jlwyYykgl-v-o- dk vlk gS rks eSa mBdj
bldks pwe ysrkA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- lqcgkuYykg lqCgkuYykg
dgrs gq, viuh vkLrhu dks Åij p<+k;k vkSj Qjek;k fd [kqnk dh
d+le , ukseku rqEgs ;g ekywe gS fd ;g cky jlwyqYykg dk cky gS vkSj
;g peM+h jlwyYykg dh peM+h gS fQj Hkh rqeus bldks ckslk ugha fn;kA
vcw guhQk >wds rkfd vkids nLr eqckjd dks pwe yas exj vkius viuh
vkLrhu dks mrkj fn;k vkSj gkFk [khap fy;kA vkSj ?kj esa okil r”kjhQ
ys x;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ds ckvt+ f“k;ksa ls ;g fjok;r gS fd
,d erZck ,d f”kvk vcw guhQk ds gYd+k , njl esa tkdj [kM+k gks
x;kA ml oD+r vcw guhQk Qrok ns jgs Fks mlus dgk fd , vcw guhQk
bl el~vys ds ckjs esa rqe D;k dgrs gks fd ,d “k[+l us viuh chch dks
,d gh etfyl esa rhu rykd+ ns nhA cx+Sj rksgj ¼ikdh½ ds ;k oks gkbt+
Fkh\ vcw guhQk us dgk fd oks mlls vykfgnk gks xbZ ¼;kuh eqrYyd+k
gks xbZ½ ml f”kvk us dgk fd D;k [kqnk us rykdqy&bn~nr dk gqDe ugha
fn;k gS vkSj rykd+ esa vYykg ds gqnwn ls rtkoqt+ djus ls euk ugha
Qjek;k gSA ;gh jlwyYykg dh lqUur Hkh Fkh vkSj vkius bldh rkdhn
dh gS vkSj bl ij t+ksj fn;k gSA vcw guhQk us dgk dh gka ysfdu ge
rks flQZ ;g dgrs gSa fd ml “k[+l us vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh
ukQjekuh t+:j dh gS ysfdu mldh choh mlls vykfgnk gks pqdh gSA
ml ensZ f”kvk us dgk fd rks ;g crkvksa fd vxj ,d “k[l viuh nks
choh;ksa dh rykd+ dk fdlh dks odhy cuk;s vkSj mldks ;g gqDe ns fd
og muesa ls ,d dks rykdqy&bÌr ns vkSj nwljs dks rykdqy fcnvr ns
nsA ysfdu mlus ,slk uk djrs gq, ml vkSjr dks rykdqy&bÌr ns fn;k
ftldks rykdqy&fcnvr nsus ds fy;s mlus dgk Fkk vkSj ftl vkSjr dks
rykdqy fcnvr nsuk Fkk mldks rykdqy bÌr ns fn;k\ vcw guhQk us
dgk fd mldh rykd tkbt+ ugha gSA loky djus okys enZ f”kvk us
dgk fd vkf[k+j D;ksa tkbt+ ugha gS\ vcw guhQk us dgk fd blfy;s fd
mldks ftl pht+ dk odhy cuk;k x;k Fkk mldh mlus eq[k+kfyQr
dhA lkby us dgk fd [kwc ftlus mldks odhy cuk;k mldh eq[k+kfyQr
ls ml “k[+l dh rykd+ tkbt++ ugha gS vkSj tks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy
dh eq[k+kfyQr djrk gks mldh rykd+ tkbt++ gSA vcw guhQk us ;g
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lqudj vius vlgkc dh rjQ eqroTtk gksdj dgk fd ;g jkQt+h dk
el~vyk gS vkSj oks bldk dksbZ tokc u ns ldsA
vxj ge bl fd+Le dh reke ckrsa ntZ djsa rks ;g flyflyk
njkt+ gks tk;sxkA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- vkSj vkids vlgkc vcw
guhQk vkSj muds bjkdh vlgkc ls cgl blfy;s fd;k djrs Fks fd og
r”k¸;qv ¼f”k;k fopkj/kkjk½ ls blfy;s d+jhc Fks fd mUgksaus vlgkcs vyhv-
l- ls bYe gkfly fd;k FkkA tcfd og bjkd esa ekStwn Fks il vki vkSj
vkids vlgkc gd+ dh rjQ muds ykSV tkus ds mEehnokj FksA
jgs beke ekfyd vkSj muds vlgkc rks vki vkSj vkids vlgkc
dks mu yksxksa ds et+gc vkSj vd+kbn dk iwjk bYe Fkk vkSj fQj beke
ekfyd dks lyrur esa Hkh FkksM+k cgqr n[ky Fkk blfy;s beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us muls eqvkjt+k ¼cgl o eqckfglk½ ugha fd;k vkSj
beke ekfyd tc fd beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- enhus esa ekStwn Fks rks
mUgksaus vkils lquk Fkk vkius beke ekfyd dks lquk;k FkkA ysfdu ekfyd
ij vkius dksbZ bfLrnyky ugha fd;kA D;skafd mUgksaus vkils eq¡g fQjk
fy;k Fkk vkils ekfyd dh nwjh vkSj ,sjkt+ fugk;r cqjh ckr FkhA ge
[kqnk ds vksfy;k fdjke ls eqag QSjus ls iukg ekaxrs gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg dqN
vke yksxksa ls bYe Nhu dj vius dCts+ esa ugha dj ysrk cfYd og
myekvksa dks d+Ct+ djds bYe dks vius dCt+s esa dj ysrk gSA ;gka rd
fd tc dksbZ vkfye ckd+h ugha jgrk rks yksx tkfgyksa dks viuk ljnkj
cuk ysrs gSaA tc muls elkby iwNs tkrs gSa rks cx+Sj bYe ds Qrok nsrs
gSa il og [kqn xqejkg gksrs gSa vkSj nwljksa dks xqejkg djrs gaSA
gtjr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd bYe ds jQv gks
tkus ls igys lh[k yks eSa bl rjg ls ugha dgrk gw¡ vkius viuk gkFk
mBkdj crk;k exj bYe bl rjg jQv gks tkrk gS fd vxj dksbZ
vkfye fdlh d+chysa esa gks vkSj og oQkr ik tk;s rks mlds lkFk gh bYe
Hkh pyk tkrk gSA blh rjg nwljs d+chys esa dksbZ vkfye gksrk gS rks
mldh Hkh oQkr ls bYe pyk tkrk gS tc ;g gky gks tkrk gS rks yksx
tkfgyksa dks viuk ljnkj cuk ysrs gSa tks viuh jk; ls Qrok nsrs gSa vkSj
vklkj dks NksM+ nsrs gSaA il og [kqn Hkh xqejkg gks tkrs gSa vkSj nwljksa dks
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Hkh xqejkg djrs gaSA exj tc ,slk gksxk rks ml oD+r ;g mEer gykd
gks tk;sxhA
gtjr vyhv-l- jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r djrs gS fd vkagt+jrlvo-
us Qjek;k fd tks cx+Sj fdlh bYe ds Qrok nsxk ml ij vkleku o
t+ehu ds Qfj”rs yvur HkstsaxsA
,d ,vjkch us jch;k fcu vCnqy jgeku ls ,d el~vyk iwNk
mUgksaus mldks tokc fn;k rks ,vjkch us dgk fd vxj eSaus bl ij vey
fd;k rks bldk brkc rsjh xnZu ij gksxkA jchvk [kkeks”k gks x;s ,vjkch
us dbZ ckj dgk ysfdu og [k+keks”k jgsA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- lqu
jgs FksA vkius Qjek;k fd , ,vjkch bldk brkc t+:j mldh xnZu ij
gksxkA oks bd+jkj djs ;k uk djsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftlus cx+Sj bYe
ds Qrok fn;k rks ml ij vkleku o t+ehu vkSj jger o vt+kc ds
Qfj”rksa dh yvur gSA vkSj mldk xqukg ml ij vk;n gksrk gS ftlds
Qros ij vey fd;k x;k gSA
veh:y eqfeuhu vyh fcu vch rkfycv-l- us ,d erZck vius
[kqrcs esa yksxksa ls eq[k+kfrc gksdj Qjek;k fd vEekckn! eSa vius d+kSy dk
ft+Eesnkj gw¡ vkSj tks dqN dgrk gw¡ mldh lPpkbZ dk t+kfeu gw¡A rd+ok
dh t+ehu esa fdlh d+kSe dh [ksrh cjckn ugha gks ldrh vkSj t+ehu dh
rg esa mrjh gqbZ tM+ I;klh ugha jg ldrh gS bl esa dksbZ “kqcg ugha gS
fd gd+ vkSj [k+Sj mUgh yksxksa esa gksrk gS tks mldh d+nz o eaftyr
igpkurs gSa vkSj vkneh dh tgkyr ds fy;s ;gh dkQh gS fd og vius
vki ¼viuh eaftyr½ dks ugha igpkurkA nqfu;k Hkj esa nks gh vkneh gaS
ftuls [kqnk lcls T+;knk nq”euh j[krk gS& ,d rks og “k[+l ftls
vYykg us ¼<+hy ns ds½ mlds gky ij NksM+ fn;k gSA lks og lh/ks jkLrs
ls gV ds pyrk gSA fcnvr dh ckrsa vkSj xqejkgh dh rjQ cqykus ij
rqyk gS vkSj ¼viuh fcnvrksa dks Qjksx+ nsus ds fy;s½ uekt+ jkst+k dk cM+k
ikcan gksrk gSA ,slk “k[l mu yksxksa ds fy;s ,d eqLrfd+y fQruk gS tks
mldh bcknr xqtk+jh ds Qjsc esa vk x;s gSa og vxys yksxksa dh lh/kh jkg
ls HkVdk gqvk gS vkSj vius is:vksa ¼ekuus okys½ dks thrs th vkSj ejus ds
ckn xqejkg djus okyk gSA mu yksxksa dh [k+rk;as vius lj yknus okyk
gS ftudks mlus viuh [k+rkdkjh ls xqejkg fd;k FkkA
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vkSj nwljk “k[+l og gS ftlus fujh tgkyr dks gj rjQ ls tksM+
cVksj dj bdV~Bk dj fy;k gSA ;g “k[+l xqejkgh QSykus ds fy, mEer
ds tkfgy ykxksa esa cM+h rsth ls nkSM+ /kwi dj jgk gS vkSj fQruk o Qlkn
dh va/ksfj;ksa esa fiNys igj cM+h QqrhZ ls nkSM+rk gSA uke ds vknfe;ksa us
mldk uke vkfye j[k fn;k gSA gkykafd [k+rkvksa vkSj yXk~ft+”kksa ls
mldk ,d fnu Hkh lyker ugha xqt+jrk gS mlus tYnh tYnh ¼tgkyrks
vkSj xqejkfg;ksa ls½ cgqr dqN tksM+ cVksj dj bdV~Bk dj fy;kA ftldh
deh T+;knrh ls dgha csgrj gSA ;gka rd fd tc og ¼tgkyr vkSj mywes
ckfryk½ lM+s gq, ikuh ls viuh I;kl cq>k pqdk vkSj csdkj vkSj cs Qk;nk
ckrksa ls vius [kt+kuk , fnekx dks Hkj pqdk rks yksxksa esa d+kt+h cu cSBk
vkSj mu el~vyksa ds lqy>kus dk t+ekurnkj cu x;k ftudh xqRFkh
nwljksa ds ut+nhd my>h gqbZ gSA lks vxj dksbZ eqf”dy el~vyk mlds
lkeus vkrk gS rks og viuh jk; ls csdkj dh iksp o ypj cksnh vkSj
egfey ckrsa vkSj nyhys is”k djrk gS vkSj mlds lgh gksus ij ;d+hu dj
ysrk gSA ¼nj gd+hd+r½ og mu “kqcgkas dh otg ls ftuds gy gksus esa
mldks [kqn “kd gS edM+h ds tkys ds rkus ckus esa Qalk gqvk gSA og [qkn
ugha tkurk fd mlus ¼ml elvys esa½ Bhd tokc fn;k ;k xyrA
bfRrQkd+u Bhd dgk ¼rks fny esa pksj gS½ Mjrk gS fd dgha x+yr u dgk
gks vkSj vxj x+yr tokc fn;k rks vkl yxk, gq, gS fd eqefdu gS lgh
dgk x;k gks ¼,slk vui<+½ fd mls oge Hkh ugha fd ftl pht+ ls og
badkj dj jgk gS nj gd+hd+r bYe mlesa equgflj gS vkSj u ;g tkurk
gS fd tgka rd mlds t+gu dh fjlkbZ gksrh gS mlds flok Hkh nwljksa ds
fy, dksbZ u dksbZ jkLrk gSA vxj ,d pht+ dks nwljh pht+ ls d+;kl
djrk gS rks ml ckjs esa viuh ut+j dks ugha >qBykrk vkSj tc dksbZ ckr
mldh le> esa ugha vkrh rks mls nwljksa ls fNik, j[krk gS fd mlds
bYe dk Hkze u [kqys vkSj mldh tgkyr u t+kfgj gks vkSj ;g u dgk
tk; fd mls bYe ugha gS vkSj cM+h tlkjr ds lkFk vez tkjh dj nsrk
gSA il og rkjhfd;ksa dh dqath gS og tkfgy gS vkSj tgkyr dh
rkjhfd;ksa esa gkFk ikao ekjus okyk gS vkSj “kd o “kqcgkr ij lokjh djus
okyk gSA ftl ckr dks ugha tkurk mlls evft+jr Hkh ugha djrk fd
[krk ls egQwt+ jgsA dHkh mlus bYe dh ydM+h dks nkar ls ugha dkVk
169
¼mlus bYe dks bYe dh rjg ugha gkfly fd;k½ ftlls og bYe dk
fgLlk ikrkA
gnhlksa vkSj fjok;rksa dks ;wa mM+krk gS tSls gok Hkwls vkSj lw[kh
?kkl dks frrj&fcrj dj nsrh gS blds QSlys ls ehjklsa okosyk epk jgh
gSaA vkSj mlds t+kfyekuk ukgd+ QSlyksa ls [kwus ukgd+ Qj;knh gSA mlds
ukgd+ QSlyksa ij gyky QtsZ ¼vkSjr dh “keZxkgsa½ gjke gks tkrh gS vkSj
gjke QtsZ gyky gks tkrh gS mlls vxj dqN iwNk tk;s rks c[+kqnk bldks
Bhd crk ugha ldrk vkSj u og bl vksgns ds d+kfcy gSA , yksxks! mu
yksxksa ds ,scksa dks [kwc x+ksj ls ij[kksA tks t+qYe o flre ds ekvfnu
¼[kt+kus½ gSA vkSj ml “k[l dh brkvr ij ykft+e jgks ftlds eqrkfYyd+
cs[k+cjh vkSj vne evfjQr ls rqe dks evT+kwj uk le>k tk;sxk il rqe
dks ekywe gks fd tks bYe vknev-l- ij mrkjk x;k Fkk vkSj og reke ckrsa
ftuls vfEc;kv-l- dks Qt+hyr nh xbZ Fkh og lc eksgEen [k+kfreqy
uch¸;hul-v-o- vkSj vki dh brjr ¼vbEek vgyscSrv-l-½ esa ekStwn gSA il
dgka rqedks HkVdk;k tk jgk gS cfYd lkspks fd rqe [kqn dgka tk jgs gks!
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki us Qjek;k fd ftl
“k[+l us blfy, bYe gkfly fd;k Fkk rkfd og ml bYe ls myekvksa
ij Q[k+j djs bYe ds t+fj, csodwQks ls cgl o eqckfglk djs ;k blls
yksxksa dk eqag viuh rjQ QSjs ;k ;g dgs fd eSa rqEgkjk ljnkj gw¡ rks ,sls
“k[+l dks pkfg, fd og viuk fBdkuk tgUue dks le>s jgh fj;klr rks
tks mldk vgy gS mlh dks t+sc nsrh gSa
vxj geus b[+kfrlkj dh “krZ u yxkbZ gksrh rks ge bl flyflys esa
nQrj ds nQrj Hkj nsrs geus bl flyflys esa tks dqN c;ku fd;k gS og ml
“k[+l ds fy, dkQh gS ftlds ikl bYe vkSj le> cw> gSA
geus Åij d+kSe ¼voke½ ds viuh tgkyrksa vkSj xqejkgh esa HkVdus dk
bd+jkj dk ft+Ø fd;k gS vkSj mudh rdyhn ls euk fd;k gS vkSj muls bYe
gkfly djus ls jksdk gS vkSj geus ;g Hkh c;ku dj fn;k gS fd og tks dqN
Hkh dgrs gS viuh jk;s vkSj d+;kl ls dgrs gSA fdrkcqYykg o lqUur vkSj
jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh fdlh gnhl ds cx+Sj vkSj u bl flyflys esa vkys eksgEenl-
v-o- ds fdlh ,sls beke dh fjok;r uD+y djrs gS ftldh brkvr QtZ+ o
okftc gS vkSj geus vkys eksgEenlv-o- ds bekeksa dk Hkh gky c;ku dj fn;k gS
vkSj vYykg rvkyk us mudh brkvr djus vkSj muls bYe gkfly djus vkSj
170
muds vez dks rLyhe djus dk tks gqDe fn;k gS mldks Hkh c;ku dj fn;k gS
vkSj bldk Hkh ft+Ø dj fn;k gS ftldks bekeksa us vius fy, okftc d+jkj ns
fy;k gSA il ;g nyhy o gqTtr ds fy, dkQh gSA
oygEnks fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehu o lyyYykgks vyk jlwfygh l¸;nuk
eksgEefnu [kkrfeu uch¸;hu o vyy vbEefr feu tqfjZ ;frr rf¸;chur
rkfgjhuA
171
rgkjr
172
fdrkcqr&rgkjrfdrkcqr&rgkjrfdrkcqr&rgkjrfdrkcqr&rgkjrfdrkcqr&rgkjr
fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe
vYykg rvkyk us vius cUnxku eqfeuhu dks rgkjr vkSj ikdht+xh
dk tks gqDe fn;k gS vkSj ml flyflys esa tks rjx+hch fjok;kr vkbZ gaS
mudk c;kuA
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw bt+k dqerqe byLlykfr Qxflyw oqtwgdqe
o ,fn;%dqe byy ejkfQfd+ oelgw fc:mfldqe o vjtqfydqe byy
dvcsu o bu dqurqe tquqcu QRrg~g: 6&5@6
rtqZek % , bZekuokyksa tc rqe uekt+ ds fy;s vkeknk gks rks vius eaqg vkSj
dksgfu;ksa rd gkFk /kks fy;k djks vkSj vius fljksa dks vkSj V[kuksa rd ikao
dk elkg dj fy;k djks vkSj vxj rqe gkyrs tukcr esa gksa rks rqe
rgkjr ¼ikd gks yks½ o X+kqLy ¼ugk yks½ djksA
vkSj vYykg rvkyk dk ;g Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
y elftnqu mfLll% vyRrd+ok feu vOofy ;kSfeu vgd+dks vu
rd+we% Qhfg Qhfg fjtkyqu ;qfgCcwu% vU; ;rrg~g: oYykgks ;qfgCcqy
eqRrg~fgjhu 11&9@108A
rtqZek % og efLtn ftldh cqfu;kn vOoy jkst+ ls ijgst+xkjh ij j[kh
xbZ gS og t+:j bldh T+;knk gd+nkj gS fd mlesa [kM+s gksdj uekt+ i<+ks
173
D;ksafd blesa og yksx gSa tks ikd o ikdht+k jgus dks ilan djrs gaS vkSj
[+kqnk Hkh ikd o ikdht+k jgus okyksa dks nksLr j[krk gSA
eudwy gS fd vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- vius vius t+ekuksa esa <+syksa vkSj
iRFkjksa ls bfLrUt+k djus ds ckn ikuh ls Hkh bfLrUt+k djrs Fks exj voke
Qd+r <+syks vkSj iRFkjks gh ls bfLrUt+k djrs FksA
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy eqnfLljks 0 dqe Q vfUt+j 0 o jCcd% QdfCcj 0 o
fl;kcd% Qrg~fgj 0 29&74@1&4A
rtqZek % , ¼esjs½ diM+k vks<+us okys ¼jlwy½ mBks vkSj ¼yksxksa dks vt+kc ls½
Mjkvks vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh cM+kbZ djks vkSj vius diM+s ikd j[kksA
vkSj vYykg rvkyk dk ;g Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
o ;qufT+t+yks vySdqe feul lekb ekvu fy;qrg~fgj%dqe fcgh o ;qt+fgc%
vudqe fjt t+””kSrkfu o fy ;jfcr% vyk dqywfcdqe o ;qlfCcr% fcfgy
vd+nke 0 9&8@11A
rtqZek % vkSj rqe ij vkleku ls ikuh cjlkrk gS rkfd mlls rqEgsa ikd
o ikdht+k dj ns vkSj rqe ls “kSrku dh xanxh nQk dj ns vkSj rqEgkjs
fny et+cwr dj nsA vkSj ikuh ls rqEgkjs d+ne vPNh rjg tek;s jgsA
gt+jr veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd ijojfnxkjs vkye d+;ker ds jkst+ reke mEerksa ds njfe;ku
esjh mEer dks ml gky esa mBk;sxk fd oqT+kw ds vljkr ls mudh
is”kkfu;ksa vkSj ikao lQsn gksaxs vkSj tukc vehjvl- ls ;g Hkh eudwy gS
fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd tc eq>s vkleku ij ys tk;k x;k rks
ml oD+r eq>ls iwNk x;k fd eykbdk eqd+jZchu fdl ckjs esa vkil esa
>xM+k djrs gSa eSus dgk eq>s ekywe ugha gS blfy;s ¼, ftczbZy½ rqe eq>s
;g crkvks fd ;g eykbdk fdl ckjs esa ckge >xM+rs gaSA gt+jr
ftczbZyv-l- us dgk fd l[+r lnhZ ds t+ekus esa vPNh rjg oqT+kw djus ds
174
ckjs esa vkSj tekvrksa esa “kkfey gksus ds okLrs rst+h ls d+ne mBkus dh
ckcr vkSj ,d oD+r dh uekt+ i<+ pqdus ds ckn nwljs oD+r dh uekt+
ds bfUrt+kj esa ckge [kqlwer ¼cgl½ djrs gaSA vkSj veh:y eqfeuhuv-l-
ls ;g Hkh fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd uekt+ dh
cqfu;kn bu pkj pht+ksa ij gS vOoy dkfey rkSj ls oqT+kw djuk] nksbe
¼nwljk½ :dwv lksbe ¼rhtk½ lqtwn] pgkje ¼pkSFkk½ [+kqtq+v o [+kq”kwv ¼iqjs
/;ku vkSj lPph Hkkouk ls½A gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
vdjelvo- us Qjek;k gS fd oqT+kw ds oD+r viuh vka[kksa dks ikuh ls [kwc
lsjkc djks rkfd og ¼d+;ker ds jkst+½ xehZ&vkfr”ks tgUue dks eglwl
u dj ldsA uksQs “kkeh ls eudwy gS og c;ku djrs gS fd eSus ,d erZck
gt+jr vyhv-l- dks bl gkyr esa oqT+kw djrs gq, ns[kk Fkk fd dkfey rkSj
ls oqT+kw djus dh otg ls vkids nks”k eqckjd ij ikuh ds NhaVs mM+ jgs
FksA
gt+jr veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dk
;g b”kkZn gS fd ftl “k[+l us eqdEey rkSj ij oqT+kw] :dw] lqtwn vkSj
[kq”kqv vnk u fd;k rks mldh uekt+ vdkjr ¼csdkj½ gSA veh:y
eqfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd rgkjr ;kfu ikdht+xh fuLQ
¼vk/kk½ bZeku gS vkSj vkidk ;g Hkh b”kkZn gS fd vxj dksbZ enZ eqfeu
vPNh rjg oqT+kw djds efLtn dh rjQ tk;s rks tc rd og dksbZ gnlks
¼iS”kkc] ik[kkuk x+kst+½ ugha djrk uekt+ dh gkyr esa gSA veh:y
eqfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gaS fd eSus jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dks ;g dgrs gq, lquk gS fd
, yksxksa! D;k eSa rqedks bl pht+ ls [+kcjnkj u dj nqa tks rqEgkjs xqukgksa
vkSj [krkvksa dks feVkus okyh gSA lquks! og ;g gS l[+r lnhZ vkSj ukxokjs
[+kkfrj ¼ukilan½ vkSd+kr o gkyr esa dkfey rkSj ls oqT+kw djuk vkSj ,d
oD+r dh uekt+ i<+us ds ckn nqljs oD+r dh uekt+ dk bafrt+kj djuk ;g
,d fd+Le dk ftgkn gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius b”kkZn Qjek;k fd uekt+
fcyk ¼fcuk½ oqT+kw tk;t+ ugha gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS
vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk ckoqT+kw uekt+ksa dks d+cwy djrk gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- gj uekt+ ds oD+r oqT+kw dh rtnhn ¼fQj ls½ egt+ gqlwys
¼gkfly gksuk½ QT+y o lokc dh [+kkfrj djrs FksA vki rtnhn oqT+kw
fdlh gnl dh otg ls ugh djrs Fks gka vxj dksbZ gnl gks tk;s rks ml
175
oD+r oqT+kw djuk okftc vkSj t+:jh gSA eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ls ;g
eudwy gS fd vki Hkh gj uekt+ ds oD+r oqT+kw dh rtnhn ¼fQj ls oqT+kw
djuk½ egt+ QT+y o lokc dh [kkfrj djrs Fks vkSj vkil-v-o- us
Qrg&eDdk ds fnu ,d gh oqT+kw ls reke uekt+s i<+h FkhA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS tc dksbZ gnl okd+s; gks
tk;s rks fQj ls oqT+kw djuk okftc gS vkSj ,d “k[+l tc rd dksbZ gnl
ugha djrk og ,d gh oqT+kw ls ftruh pkgs uekt+sa i<+ ldrk gSA ysfdu
vxj mlls dksbZ gnl gks tk;s ;k lks tk;s ;k ftekv ¼laHkksx½ djs ;k
csgks”k gks tk;s ;k dksbZ ,slh ckr gks tk;s ftlls oqT+kw dk bvknk okftc
gks rks ml ij fQj ls oqT+kw djuk okftc gSA ;g eqRrfQd+ vySgk elkbyk
¼;s elyk ,slk gS tks lc ekurs gS½ gaSA ba”kk&vYykg ge bldks vkbank
c;ku djsaxsA
mu vgnkl dk c;ku ftuls oqT+kw djuk okftc gksrk gSmu vgnkl dk c;ku ftuls oqT+kw djuk okftc gksrk gSmu vgnkl dk c;ku ftuls oqT+kw djuk okftc gksrk gSmu vgnkl dk c;ku ftuls oqT+kw djuk okftc gksrk gSmu vgnkl dk c;ku ftuls oqT+kw djuk okftc gksrk gS
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o-] gt+jr vyhv-l- vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- ls fjok;r gS vki reke gt+jkr Qjekrs gSa fd ftu
ckrksa ls oqT+kw VwV tkrh gS og vgnkl ;g gaS %
ik[kkuk] iS”kkc] gok dk [kkfjt gksuk vkSj et+h dk fudyukA et+h og
iryk ikuh gS tks cx+Sj tekv ds egt+ eqtkevr ¼ge fcLrjh½ dh “ksgor
ls vkyk&,&ruklqy ls [kkfjt gksrk gSA vxj mNyrk gqvk xk<+k ikuh
fudys rks og euh gSA blds fudyus ij X+kqLy djuk okftc gSA vxj
et+h dk ikuh can u gksrk gks rks ,sls “k[+l dks pkfg;s fd og gj uekt+
ds fy;s oqT+kw djs vkSj vkyk&,&ruklqy ij ,d FkSyh cka/ksA tc uekt+
i<+us ds fy;s mBs rks oqT+kw djs vkSj vkyk&,&ruklqy ds ed+ke ij ikuh
fNM+ds vkSj fQj bl ij FkSyh dks cka/kus ds ckn uekt+ i<+sA vxj mls
dqN ueh eglwl gksrh gks rks mls le>uk pkfg;s fd ;g ogh fNM+dk
gqvk ikuh gSA og uekt+ dks rdZ u djs vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuvl- us bl ij
Hkh oqT+kw okftc d+jkj fn;k gS fd vxj fdlh ij uhan dk bruk x+yck gks
tk;s fd mls viuh gkyr dk dqN bYe gh u gks rks mldks oqT+kw djuk
okftc gS ysfdu tks flQZ Åax jgk gks vkSj mls viuh gjdrksa dk bYe
176
gks vkSj og eglwl dj ldrk gks lqu ldrk gks rks blls ,sls “k[+l dk
oqT+kw ugha VwVrk vkSj blds vykok vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds ut+nhd fiNUuk
¼,uhek½ vkSj jx ¼ul½ [kqyokus vkSj dS ¼mYVh½ djus] [kwu cgus ;k fdlh
t[e ls [kkfyl ihi ;k [kwu vkest+ ¼feyk gqvk½ ihi ds fudyus ;k
iS”kkc o ik[kkuk ds vykok fdlh Hkh txg ls dksbZ pht+ [+kkfjt gks rks
ml lwjr esa oqT+kw okftc ugha gSA vycRrk bl txg dks /kks Mkyuk
pkfg;sA vxj fdlh dks dS gks tk;s vkSj og oqT+kw dj pqdk gks rks flQZ
dqYyh djds uekt+ i<+ ys vkSj iS”kkc o ik[kkuk ds ed+ke ls bu ckrksa
ds vykok ftudk ge Åij ft+Ø dj pqds gSa vxj mu nksuksa e[kkfjt ls
dhM+s ;k dsapq, ;k dn~nwnkuk [kwu ;k [kkfyl ihi ;k [+kwu vkeht+ ihi ;k
fdlh fd+Le dh rjh iSnk gks tk;s rks bu reke lwjrksa esa oqT+kw VwV tkrk
gS vkSj bu reke gkyr esa oqT+kw djuk okftc gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds ut+nhd vkSjr dks ckslk nsus vkSj gkFk
yxkus ;k vkyk&,&ruklqy vkSj Qjt dks Nqus ;k Qksrks dks gkFk yxkus
vkSj ftLe ls fdlh Hkh pht+ ds Nw tkus ls oqT+kw okftc ugha gksrk gS vkSj
u ÅaV ds xks”r dks gkFk yxkus ;k nw/k dks Nqus ;k vkx ij idh gqbZ
fdlh pht+ dks gkFk yxkus ls oqT+kw okftc ugh gksrk gS ysfdu bu pht+ksa
dks Nq ysus ds ckn gkFkks dks /kks fy;k tk;s rks csgrj gSA bldh rjx+hc
Hkh nh xbZ gS vkSj vxj fdlh us gkFkksa dks /kks;s cx+Sj gh uekt+ i<+ yh rks
bl lwjr esa mldh uekt+ t+k;s u gksxhA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls eudwy gS ,d erZck ,sls oD+r esa Hkqus gq, xkS”r dk
VqdM+k vkidh f[kner esa is”k fd;k x;k tcfd gt+jr fcykyj-v- vt+ku
dj pqds FksA vkil-v-o- us gt+jr fcykyj-v- dks FkksM+h nsj ds fy;s jksd fn;ka
;gka rd fd vkil-v-o- vkSj vkids vlgkc us ml Hkwus gq, xks”r dks
rukoqy fd;kA fQj vkius nw/k eaxk;k vkSj mlesa ikuh feyk;k x;k ftls
vkius vkSj vkids vlgkc us fi;k mlds ckn vkil-v-o- us mB dj uekt+
i<+hA ml oD+r vkius ikuh dks gkFk Hkh ugha yxk;k FkkA eqedhu gS fd
vkius vius bl Qvy ls viuh mEer dks ;g crkuk pkgk gks fd ,slk
djuk tk;t+ gS ;g fjok;r vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls uD+y
dh gSA
vbEekk rkfgjhuv-l- us jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls ;g Hkh fjok;r uD+y dh
gS fd vkagt+jrlvo- us [kkuk [kkus ls igys vkSj [kkuk [kk pqdus ds ckn
177
gkFk /kksus dk gqDe fn;k gSA ba”kk&vYykg ge bldk vkbUnk ft+Ø djsaxsA
vxj fdlh us oqT+kw ds ckn [kkuk [kk;k ;k dqN fi;k rks ;gka gkFkksa dk /
kksuk egt+ ikdht+xh vkSj rgkjr ds [+;ky ls gSA ;g dksbZ bruk okftc
;k t+:jh ugha gS fd blds cxS+j uekt+ gh tkbt+ u gksxhA ftl rjg ls
fd fdlh us gnl fd;k rks cx+Sj oqT+kw ds mldh uekt+ tkbt+ ugha gSA
vkx ij idh gqbZ pht+ dk [kkuk vkSj ÅaV dk nq/k ihuk gnl ugha gS fd
ftlls oqT+kw okftc gks tSlk fd dqN yksxksa dk xqeku gSA ;g el~vyk
eqRrfQd+ vySg gS fd [kkus ihus dh og reke phts+ tks gyky gaS ikd gaSA
fygkt+k ikdht+k pht+ ds Nqus ;k [kkus ihus ls oqT+kw ugha VwVrk vkSj vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- ds ut+nhd uk[kwu dkVus] ewaNks dks rj”kokus vkSj lj ds cky
eqaMokus ls oqT+kw okftc ugha gksrk gS vxj ikuh ls iksaN dj lkQ dj fy;k
tk;s rks csgrj gSA
vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds ut+nhd ftl “k[+l dks bl ckr dk
;d+hu gS fd mlus oqT+kw fd;k gS blds ckn ;g “kd iSnk gks x;k fd
mlus dksbZ gnl fd;k gS rks bl lwjr esa og ;d+huu rgkjr ij gSA tc
rd fd mls gnl dk ;dhu u gks tk;sA egt+ “kd ij oqT+kw okftc ugha
gksrkA gka vxj gnl dk ;d+hu gks tk;s rks ml oD+r vycÙkk oqT+kw djuk
okftc gS vkSj vxj fdlh us ;d+hu dj fy;k fd mlus gnl fd;k gS
vkSj blds ckn ;g “kd iSnk gqvk dh mlus oqT+kw fd;k gS rks bl lwjr
esa tc rd og nksckjk oqT+kw u djs mldh uekt+ tkbt+ u gksxh gkykafd
¼exj½ mldks vius oqT+kw dk iwjk ;d+hu gks rks mldh uekt+ tkbt+ gSA
geus Åij tks dqN c;ku fd;k gS ;g reke lkfcr fjok;rsa
jlwys vdjel-v-o- vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls eudwy gaS fdlh elvyk esa
mudk bf[rykQ ugha gSA ba”kk&vYykg gekjh bl fdrkc ds reke
vcokc blh lwjr ij gksaxsA D;ksafd geus viuh bl fdrkc dks bf[+rlkj
¼Vwd½ ds rkSj ij fy[kus dk d+Ln ¼bjknk½ fd;k gSA ojuk gesa yk;d+ Fkk
fd ge vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r djus okyksa ds bf[+rykQkr dks Hkh
d+yecan djrs vkSj muds eq[+krfyQ Qhfg ¼bf[+rykQh½ elkby esa ls tks
ckrsa lgh vkSj lkfcr gSa mudks nyhy o cqjgku ds lkFk is”k djrsA geus
bldk ft+Ø viuh bl fdrkc esa dj fn;k gS ftlds c&dljr vtt+k
¼cgqr lkjs VqdM+s½ gSa blesa nq”okjh Hkh cgqr gS vkSj rkfychu ¼ryc djus
178
okys½ ij bldk vez fugk;r eqf”dy gSA ;gk ij geus tks dqN c;ku
fd;k gS og bldk [kqyklk gS vkSj lgh o lkfcr fjok;rs gSA
geus tks dqN c;ku fd;k gS bl flyflys esa vxj rwy rohy
¼yEcku½ cgl fcyk Qk;nk u gksrh rks ge voke ds gj ml fQjd+s dk
d+kSy uD+y djrs tks gekjs d+kSy ds eqvkfQd+ ¼feyrk&tqyrk½ gksrk vkSj
tks blds eq[+kkfyQ gksrs mu ij gqTtr d+kbe djrsA vxj ge ,slk djas
rks ;g cgl cx+Sj fdlh Qk;ns ds rohy gks tk;sxhA vYykg rvkyk us
rks vius QT+y o dje ls vius vkSfy;k&fdjkev-l- ds vez dks x+kfyc
Qjek;k gS vkSj muds nhu o et+gc dks bT+t+r o lj cqyanh c[“kh gS
vkSj blus reke vgdke muds QSlyksa ds eqrkfcd+ cuk;s gSaA nhu ogh gS
ftldks mUgksaus le>k;k vkSj ftldk jkLrk crk;k gSA il vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- reke [+kykbd+ ij gqTtr o nyhy esa tks mudk rkcsv gqvk
mlus utkr ikbZ vkSj ftlus mudh eq[kkfyQr dh og xqejkg gqvkA ;gka
ij eq[kkfyQhu dh ckrksa dk ft+Ø fcYdqy cs&ekuh gSA vYykg rvkyk rks
t+kfyehu dks nwj gh j[krk gSA
oqT+kw ds vknkc dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vknkc dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vknkc dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vknkc dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vknkc dk c;ku
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd mUgksaus “keZxkg dk Nqikus dk
gqDe fn;k gS vkSj eqlyekuksa ds “keZxkgks dh rjQ ut+j mBkdj ns[kus ls
euk Qjek;k gSA enksZ dh “keZxkg xksBu ¼xqVus½ ls ysdj ukQ ¼MwaVh½ rd
gS vkSj vkSjrksa dh inkZ nkjh lj ls iSj rd gSA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us
eqvfeu dks viuh “keZxkg [kksyus ls euk Qjek;k gS [+okg og fdlh ,slh
txg esa D;ksa u gks tgka mldks dksbZ u ns[krk gks] ,d erZck dk okfd+vk
gS fd vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- esa ls ,d beke bt+kj igudj ikuh esa mrjsA
vkius bl bt+kj dks ftLe eqckjd ls mrkjk ugha FkkA vkidh f[kner esa
vtZ+ fd;k x;k fd vki rks ml oD+r ikuh ds vanj elrwj gks pqds gSa rks
fQj vkius ftLe eqckjd ls bt+kj D;ksa u mrkjh\ vkius Qjek;k fd
ikuh esa jgus okys tkuoj rks eq>s ns[krs Fks fQj eSa fdl rjg mrkjrk ;g
rks eSaus egt+ viuh “keZxkg dks Nqikus ds fy;s igu j[kk gSA vbEek vgys
179
cSrv-l- us iS”kkc vkSj ik[+kkuk djrs oD+r ckr&phr djus ls euk Qjek;k
gS bl gkyr esa vxj dksbZ lyke Hkh djs rks mldks tokc u nsuk pkfg;sA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc cSrqy
[kykv ¼ysVfju½ ds fy;s r”kjhQ ys tkrs rks lj eqckjd ij diM+k Mky
ysrs vkSj lj eqckjd dks bruk Nqik ysrs fd vki dks dksbZ u ns[k ikrk
vkSj tc dHkh vki lQj esa d+t+k&,&gktr ¼ysVfju ds fy;s½ dks
r”kjhQ ys tkrs rks cgqr nwj fudy tkrsA ;gka rd fd vki yksxksa dh
ut+jksa ls Nqi tkrsA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd enZ eqfeu dk ;g bYe fQd+g
gS og iS”kkc o ik[+kkuk vkSj cyxe Fkwdus dh equkflc txg ryk”k djsA
txg ryk”k djus dk ;g eryc gS og ;s lc ,slh txg ij u djs
tgka ls mldks yksx ns[k ldsA cvt+ vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd
muesa ls fdlh beke us vius ?kj esa cSrqy [+kykv cukus dk gqDe fn;k rks
yksxksa us cSrqy [+kykv ds fy;s ,slh txg dk bfUr[kkc fd;k tks [kqyh gqbZ
csinkZ txg FkhA vkius ml oD+r Qjek;k fd , yksxks! vYykg rvkyk
us tc balku dks iSnk fd;k rks mlds ftLe esa laMkl dk ed+ke lcls
T+;knk iks”khnk txg esa cuk;kA il blh rjg ?kj ds vUnj Hkh ik[kkuk
lcls T+;knk iks”khnk txg esa gksuk pkfg;sA ;g og gdhekuk dyke gS
ftlls vYykg rvkyk us vius vkSfy;k fdjkev-l- dks reke [+kykbd+ ij
Qt+hyr c[+“kh gS vkSj bl QT+y o deky dh otg ls mudks reke
e[+kywd+kr ls vykfgnk ¼vyx½ ed+ke vrk Qjek;k gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- dk b”kkZn gS fd Bgjs gq, ikuh esa iS”kkc djuk
,d fd+Le dk t+qYe gSA vkius Bgjs gq, lkfdu ikuh esa iS”kkc vkSj
ik[kkuk djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA unh vkSj unh ds fdukjs ;k ,sls dqavksa
ds fdukjs ftldk ikuh fi;k tkrk gS vkSj Qynkj nj[rksa ds uhps vkSj
d+czksa ds njfe;ku lM+dksa ij vkSj vkaxuksa esa iS”kkc djus ls euk Qjek;k
gS vkSj cqyan txg ls iS”kkc djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA vkSj iS”kkc o
ik[kkuk djrs oD+r fd+Cys dh rjQ eqag ;k ihB djus ls Hkh euk Qjek;k
gS vkSj [kM+s [kM+s iS”kkc djus ls jksdk gSA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us iS”kkc vkSj
nwljh reke utklrks ls cprs jgus dk gqDe fn;k gSA cjru esa iS”kkc
vkSj ik[+kkuk djus dh btkt+r nh gSA vkSj blh rjg crZu esa oqT+kw djus
dh Hkh btkt+r nh gSA
180
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tc vki d+t+k, gktr ds fy;s
cSrqy [kykv esa r”kjhQ ys tkrs rks ml oD+r vki ;g nqvk i<+rs Fks %
fcfLeYykfg vYykgqEe% bUuh vÅt+ks fcd% feufjZtflu utfly [kchfly
eq[kfcfl feu””kSrkfujZtheA
rtqZek % [+kqnk ds uke ls , ckjs bykgk! eSa ukikdh vkSj [+kcklr ls Hkjs gq,
jkank, ckjxkgs “kSrku ls rsjh iukg pkgrk gw¡A
vkSj tc vki cSrqy [kykv ls ckgj r”kjhQ ykrs rks ;g nqvk
i<+rs Fks %
vygEnks fyYyk&fgy yt+h vkQkuh Qh tl%nh oygEnks fyYyk&fgy
yt+h vekr% vfUu;y vt+kA
rtqZek % reke gEn o luk vYykg ds fy;s gS ftlus esjs ftLe dks
vkfQ;r c[“kh vkSj esjh rdyhQ dks nQk dj fn;kA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc
rqe cSrqy [+kykv esa nkf[+ky gks rks ;g nqvk i<+ks %
fcfLeYykfg o fcYykfg vÅt+ks fcYykfg feufjZtfly [kchfly eq[kfcfl
feu””kSrkfujZthe vYykgqEe% dek vr vEruhfg Qh vfQ;fru Qv[kfjtgks
feUuh Qh vkfQ;fruA
rtZqek % [+kqnk ds uke vkSj olhys ls eSa ukikdh vkSj [kchl o ukikd
cukus okys “kSrku jthe ls vYykg dh iukg pkgrk gw¡A ijojfnxkj rqus
ftl vkfQ;r ls eq>s ;s [kkuk f[kyk;k gS mlh vkfQ;r ds lkFk bls
ckgj fudky nsA
vkSj tc rqe ik[+kkuk ls Qkfjx+ gks pqdks rks ;g nqvk i<+ks %
181
vygEnks fyYykfgy yt+h vekr% vfUu;y vt+k o gUukuh elkx%
rvkeh o ”kjkchA
rtqZek % reke gEnks luk ml [+kqnk ds fy;s gS ftlus esjh rdyhQ dks
nQk Qjek;k vkSj esjs [kkus ihus dks vklku vkSj eqckjd vkSj [+kq”kxokj
cuk;kA
x+jt+ bu nqvkvksa esa dksbZ e[+klwl vkSj okftc nqvk ugha gS ;g rks
,d mEnk nqvk gSA vxj dksbZ u Hkh i<s+ rks blesa dksbZ gjt dh ckr ugha
gS vkSj dksbZ deh ;k T+;knrh dj ys rks Hkh dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us iS”kkc dj pqdus ds ckn vkyk&,&ruklqy
dks fupksM+us dk gqDe fn;k gS rkfd blds vanj tks iS”kkc cpk gqvk gS og
ckgj fudy tk;s vkSj blfy;s Hkh fd oqT+kw ls Qkfjx+ gks pqdus ds ckn
dgha og fQj cg u fudysA vxj blesa ls t+jk lk Hkh cg fudys vkSj
blds jksdus ij dqnjr u gks rks bldk Hkh ogh gqDe gS tks et+h ds
flyflys esa ge Åij c;ku dj pqds gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us gM~Mh] ehaxuh ¼Nkus½ vkSj [kkus dh pht+ksa ls
bfLratk djuk euk Qjek;k gSA iRFkj] <sys vkSj diM+s ds VqdMs vkSj :bZ
oxSjg ls bfLratk djus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA ysfdu bu pht+ksa ls bfLratk
dj pqdus ds ckn ikuh ls Hkh bfLratk dj ysuk pkfg;s rkfd vly
utklr vkSj mldh cncw fcYdqy t+kby ¼[kRe½ gks tk;sA
oqT+kw ds vkSlkQ dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vkSlkQ dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vkSlkQ dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vkSlkQ dk c;kuoqT+kw ds vkSlkQ dk c;ku
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r uD+y dh gS fd
vkius Qjek;k gS fd fu¸;r ds cx+Sj oqT+kw tkbt+ ugha gS vkSj vxj fdlh
us uekt+ i<+us dh xjt ls cx+Sj fu¸;r ds oqT+kw dj fy;k rks mldh
uekt+ tkbt+ ugha gSA tSls fd vxj dksbZ “k[+l pkj jdkvr uekt+ i<+s
vkSj uekt+s t+ksgj dh fu¸;r u djs rks mlus uekt+s t+ksgj vnk ugha dhA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dk b”kkZn gS fd dksbZ vey fu¸;r ds cx+Sj ed+cwy ugha
vkSj ;d+hu ds cx+Sj dksbZ bcknr ugha vkSj rd+ok ds cx+Sj dksbZ bT+t+r o
djker ugha gSA
182
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us oqT+kw djrs oD+r fcfLeYykg i<+us dk gqDe
fn;k gSA lkfnd+vl- vkys eksgEenv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tks “k[+l oqT+kw djrs
oD+r vYykg dk uke ysrk gS rks vYykg rvkyk mlls ml oqT+kw dks X+kqLy
dk ntkZ vrk djrk gS vkSj vxj dksbZ “k[+l oqT+kw djrs oD+r fcfLeYykg
i<+uk Hkwy tk;s rks mldk oqT+kw tkbt+ gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tks Hkh eqfLye
cank oqT+kw ls Qkfjx+ gksdj ;g nqvk i<+rk gS %
lqCgkud% vYykgqEe% o fcgfEnd% v”kgnks vu yk bykg% bYyk vUr%
vLrxfQ:d% o vrwcks bySd% vYykgqEet vyuh feuRrOokchu% otvyuh
feuy eqrrg~fgjhuA
rtqZek % ijojfnxkj rw ikd gS rsjh gEn o lrkb”k dh d+le! eSa xokgh
nsrk gw¡ fd rsjs flok dksbZ vkSj evcwn ugha gSA eSa rq>ls ex+fQjr dk
rkfyc gq¡ vkSj rsjh ckjxkg esa rkSck djrk gw¡ ckjs bykgk rw eq>s rkSck djus
okyksa vkSj ikdht+k yksxksa esa ls cuk nsA
bldh i<+h gqbZ bl nqvk dks ,d ojd ¼dkxt+½ ij fy[k dj
eksgjcan dj nh tkrh gS vkSj v”kZ ds uhps bls j[k fn;k tkrk gSA ;gka
rd fd d+;ker ds fnu bldks ;g ojd+ eksgjcan gkyr esa ns fn;k
tk;sxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc
rqe oqT+kw djks rks ;g nqvk i<+ks %
fcfLeYykfg o vyk feYyfr jlwy fYykfg v”kgnks vu yk bykg%
bYyYykgks ogngw yk “kjhd% ygw o v”kgnks vUu% eksgEenu vCnqgw o
jlwyqgw lYyYykgks vySfg o vkfyghA
183
rtqZek % vYykg rvkyk ds uke ls vkSj jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dh feYyr ij eSa
bl ckr dh “kgknr nsrk gw¡ fd vYykg ds flok dksbZ vkSj evcwn ugha
gS og ;drk ¼,d½ gSA mldk dksbZ “kjhd ugha gSA eksgEen jlwyYykglvo-
vYykg ds cans vkSj mlds jlwy gSaA vki ij vkidh vky ij nq:n o
lykeA
il ;g nqvk,a Hkh oSlh gh gS tSlh fd cSrqy [kykv esa nkf[ky gksrs
oD+r i<+h tkrh gaS ftudk fd geus Åij ft+Ø fd;k gSA buesa ls u rks
dksbZ nqvk e[klwl gS vkSj u dksbZ ykt+eh gSA vycÙkk i<+us esa lokc gS
vkSj bldh rjx+hc nh xbZ gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd crZu eas gkFk Mkyus ls igys
nkfgus gkFk dks /kks ysuk pkfg;sA vxj gkFkksa esa utklr yxh gqbZ gS rks
/kksuk okftc gS vkSj vxj ugha yxh gqbZ gS rks ;g vez egt+ rjx+hch gSA
vxj fdlh us nkfgus gkFk dks tks lkQ vkSj ikd gS crZu esa Mky
fn;k rks blls mldk oqT+kw Qkfln ¼x+yr½ u gksxkA bl flyflys esa
vgyscSrs jlwyv-l- ls c&dljr fjok;rsa vkbZ gSa ftudk ft+Ø rohy gSA
tks dqN geus ;gka fy[k fn;k gS il ogh lkfcr vkSj lgh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd bfLratk] ik[kkuk]
iS”kkc ds jkLrs & & & ls gok ds flok dksbZ vkSj pht+ [kkfjt gks rks
bfLratk okftc o ykft+e gSA gok NwVus ij bfLratk okftc ugha gSA vxj
gok [kkfjt gksus ij dksbZ bfLratk djs rks ;g rgkjr vkSj ikdht+xh dk
bfLratk gksxkA vxj dksbZ “k[+l egt+ QT+y o lokc ds fy;s gok [kkfjt
gksus ij bfLratk djs bl [+;ky ls ugha fd bfLratk djuk okftc gS rks
;g csgrj gSaA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k
fd iRFkj ;k <sys ls bfLratk dj pqdus ds ckn ikuh ls bfLratk djus dk
c;ku dqjku ikd esa ekStwn gSA vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuYykg% ;qfgCcqr rOokchu% o ;qfgCcqy eqrrg~fgjhu 0 2&2@222
rtqZek % vYykg rvkyk rkSck djus okyksa vkSj ikdht+k jgus okyksa dks
nksLr j[krk gSA ikdht+xh vkSj rgkjr gqLu lhjr o v[+kykd+ dh nyhy
184
gS utklr nwj djuk fugk;r t+:jh gSA utklr dks ckd+h j[kuk fdlh
ds fy;s Hkh tkbt+ vkSj nq:Lr ugha gSA
veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ,d erZck jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls
,d ,slh vkSjr ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k tks cSrqy [kykv esa nkf[ky gqbZ
vkSj mlus ikuh ds vykok fdlh vkSj pht+ ls bfLratk fd;kA vkius
Qjek;k fd ikuh ds flok fdlh vkSj pht+ ls ik[kkuk ds ckn bfLratk
djuk tkbt+ vkSj nq:Lr ugha gS gkykafd ikuh ekStwn u gks rks fdlh vkSj
pht+ ls bfLratk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ;g lqUur gS fd ikuh ls bfLratk
djrs oD+r Qjt ¼”keZxkg½ ls bfCrnk dh tk;s vkSj fupys fgLls rd
lkQ fd;k tk;sA nksuksa e[+kjt dks ,d lkFk tek u fd;k tk;s vkSj
nkfgus gkFk ls bfLratk djuk ed:g gS vycÙkk vxj dksbZ [+kkl otg
gks rks ,slk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS nksuks
gt+jkr us bfLratk dk ft+Ø djrs gq, Qjek;k gS fd tc rqe bfLratk ls
Qkfjax gks pqdks rks vius gkFk /kksvksa blds ckn vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us
dqYyh djus vkSj ukd esa ikuh Mkyus dk gqDe fn;k gS vaxwBs vkSj rLchg
dh maxyh ls nkarksa dks lkQ djuk pkfg;sA vbEek rkfgjhuvl- Qjekrs gSa
fd ,slk djuk feLokd dh txg ij dkQh gS bldh rjx+hc nh xbZ gSA
dqYyh djuk vkSj ukd esa ikuh Mkyuk buds ut+nhd oqT+kw ugha gSA
blfy;s fd bldk rt+fdjk vYykg rvkyk us ugha fd;k gS vycRrk
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us ;g dgk gS fygkt+k dqYyh djuk] ukd esa ikuh Mkyuk
nksuks lqUur gS mudks d+lnu rdZ u djuk pkfg;sA vkSj u budks ekewyh
le>uk pkfg;sA vxj Hkwy ;k yk&bYeh dh fcuk ij fdlh us NksM+ fn;k
rks ml ij oqT+kw dk bvknk bl rjg okftc ugha gS ftl rjg ls fd bu
pkj vvt+k ¼vaxksa½ gkFk] eqag] lj vkSj iSj ij ftuds /kksus vkSj elkg djus
dk gqDe vYykg rvkyk us fn;k gSA vxj fdlh us budks NksM+ fn;k rks
ml ij fQj ls oqT+kw djuk okftc gksrk gSA vxj fdlh us ,d gh erZck
dqYyh dh vkSj ukd esa ikuh Mkyk rks ;g tkbt+ o nq:Lr gSA vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- us dqYyh djus vkSj ukd esa ikuh Mkyus ds ckn eqag dks iS”kkuh
ls ysdj BqM~Mh rd psgjs ds nksuksa tkfuc /kksus dk gqDe fn;k gSA vka[kksa
eas [+kwc ikuh Mkyuk pkfg;s vkSj eqag dks vPNh rjg ikuh ls /kksuk pkfg;s
185
vkSj nksuksa gkFkksa ls psgjs dks [kwc elyuk pkfg;sA vxj rhu erZck /kks;k
tk;s rks ;g v¶t+y gS vkSj vxj mEnk rjhds ls ,d ;k nks erZck /kks
fy;k tk;s rks Hkh dkQh gksxkA vxj ,d erZck mEnxh ds lkFk u /kks;k
tk;s rks rhu erZck dk /kks ysuk dkQh u gksxkA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us
nk<+h esa f[+kyky djus dk Hkh gqDe fn;k gS nk<+h ds vanj maxfy;ksa dks
Mkydj f[kyky djuk pkfg;sA rkfd ikuh peM+h rd cjkcj igqap tk;sA
;g egt+ vesz rjx+hch gS vkSj blesa QT+y o lokc gSA vxj fdlh us nk<+h
esa f[+kyky ugha fd;k vkSj mldks flQZ ikuh ls rj dj fy;k rks bruk
gh dkQh gSA
oqT+kw djrs oD+r nkfgus gkFk /kksuk pkfg;s fQj ck;ka gkFk blh rjg
igys nkfgus iSj ij fQj ck;k iSj ij elkg djuk pkfg;sA vxj fdlh
us ck;ka gkFk /kks Mkyk fQj mlus nkfguk gkFk /kks;k rks bl lwjr esa mldks
ck;k gkFk fQj /kksuk pkfg;sA bldk gqDe fn;k x;k gSA venu oqT+kw dks
ck;sa gkFk ;k ck;sa iSj ls u “kq: djuk pkfg;sA vxj dksbZ u tkurk gks
;k Hkwy x;k gks vkSj mlus uekt+ Hkh i<+ yh gS rks bldh uekt+ Qkfln
u gksxhA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us nksuksa gkFkksa dks dksgfu;ksa rd rhu ;k nks
erZck /kksus dk gqDe fn;k gSA vxj fdlh us ,d gh erZck vPNh rjg ls
/kks fy;k rks tkbt+ gS vkSj rhu erZck dk /kks ysuk gh dkQh u gksxk tc
rd muesa ls ,d erZck vPNh rjg u /kks;k tk;s vkSj nksuksa gFksfy;ksa dks
nksuks gkFkksa ij dksgfu;ksa lesr elyuk pkfg;sA D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk us
byy ejkfQd dksgfu;ksa rd gkFkksa dks /kksus dk gqDe fn;k gSA ;gka ij
byk rd ds evuh esa ugha cfYd ev ;kfu lkFk ;k lesr ds evuh esa
bLrseky gqvk gS tSlk fd bl vk;r djhek esa byk fcevuh ev ds
bLrseky gqvk gSA
oyk rvdqyw veokygqe byk veokfydqe 4&4@2A
rtqZek % vkSj buds eky vius ekyksa esa feykdj u [kkvksA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us oqT+kw djrs oD+r vxj gkFk esa vaxwBh gks rks
mldks ?kqekus dk gqDe fn;k gS rkfd ikuh vaxwBh ds fupys fgLls rd
igq¡p tk;sA blds ckn lj ds vxys vkSj fiNys fgLlksa dks elkg djus
186
dk gqDe fn;k gSA elkg djrs oD+r igys lj ds chp ls “kq: fd;k tk;s
vkSj is”kkuh ds cky rd [kRe fd;k tk;sA fQj lj ds chp ls lj ds
fiNys fgLls rd elkg fd;k tk;sA blds ckn vanj vkSj ckgj ls nksuksa
dkuks dk elkg fd;k tk;sA vkSj fQj xnZu dk ,d erZck elkg fd;k
tk;sA vxj fdlh us egt+ QT+y o lokc dh fu¸;r ls rhu erZck elkg
dj fy;k ;g u le>rs gq, fd blds flok tkbt+ gh ugh gS rks fQj
rhu erZck djuk csgrj gSA
blds ckn vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us nksuksa iSjksa ij elkg djus dk
gqDe fn;k gS tSlk fd bl vk;r djhek esa vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS
%
Qxflyw oqtwgdqe o ,fn;%dqe byy ejkfQfd+ oelgw fc:Åfldqe o
vjtqfydqe byy dvcSu 6&5@6
rtqZek % vius eqag vkSj dksgfu;ksa rd gkFk /kks fy;k djks vkSj vius lj
dk vkSj V[kuksa rd iSjks dk elkg dj fy;k djks tks yksx bl vk;r esa
vjtqfydqe ds yke dk ts+j i<+rs gS og oelgw ij vrqQ ¼esgjckuh½
ekurs gSa vkSj ;gh vgys cSr jlwyv-l- dh Hkh fdjkvr gS vkSj voke esa ls
mu yksxksa dh Hkh ;gh fdjkvr gS tks bl elvys esa vgys cSrv-l- ds
eqokfQd+ o ge[;ky gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls tc nksuksa iSjksa ij elkg djus ds eqrkfYyd+
nj;k¶r fd;k x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd bldk gqDe dqjku ikd esa
ekStwn gSA og bl rjg ls gS fd vYykg rvkyk us ml “k[+l ij r;Eeqe
okftc d+jkj fn;k gS ftldks ikuh u feyrk gks vkSj r;Eeqe dk rjhd+k
;g gS fd eqag vkSj nksuksa gkFkksa ij elkg dj fy;k tk;sA bl lwjr esa
[+kqnk oUns rvkyk us elkg ds nksuksa vT+kw ;kfu lj vkSj iSj dks [+kkfjt
j[kk gSA oqT+kw vkSj r;Eeqe ds bl Qd+Z ls ekywe gqvk fd ikuh ls oqT+kw
djrs oD+r lj vkSj iSj dk elkg djuk pkfg;s vkSj r;Eeqe es budk
elkg tkbt+ ugha gSA vkiv-l- us bl elvys ij fugk;r ot+kgr ds lkFk
jks”kuh Mkyh FkhA ftls geus ;gka b[+kfrlkj ds lkFk is”k fd;k gSA vxj
fdlh us QT+y o lokc dh [+kkfrj nksuks iSjksa dks egt+ rgkjr dh xjt+
ls /kks Mkyk gS vkSj maxfy;ksa esa f[+kyky dj fy;k rks mlus cgqr
187
vPNk fd;kA ,slk djuk ikdht+xh vkSj rgkjr ds fy;s dkQh gS ysfdu
bls ,slk Qt+Z u le>uk pkfg;s fd ftlds cxS+j oqT+kw tkbt+ gh ugha
gksrkA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd iSjksa ij flQZ elkg dj ysuk
dkQh gS vkSj blh ij vYykg ds gqDe ds eqrkfcd+ oqT+kw dk [kkrek gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us ;g gqDe fn;k gS fd vYykg rvkyk us ftl vT+kw+
dks oqT+kw esa eqd+Ìe ¼igys½ j[kk gS mldks ckn esa u djuk pkfg;sA vkSj
ftl vT+kw dks ckn esa j[kk gS mldks eqd+Ìe u djuk pkfg;sA laMkl vkSj
iS”kkc ls bfLratk dj pqdus ds ckn oqT+kw dh bfCrnk ml vT+kw ls djuh
pkfg;s ftldk ft+Ø vYykg rvkyk us vk;rs djhek esa igys fd;k gSA
geus oqT+kw dh rjrhc dk ft+Ø igys dj fn;k gSA fygkt+k oqT+kw dh rjrhc
;g gS fd bfLratk ds ckn eqag vkSj nksuksa gkFkksa dks /kksuk pkfg;sA blds
ckn lj vkSj nksuksa iSjks ij elkg djuk pkfg;sA vxj fdlh us nksuksa iSjksa
dks /kks fy;k rks csgrj gS ysfdu flQZ nksuksa iSjksa dks /kks ysuk ;kfu mu ij
ikuh cgkuk gh dkQh ugha gSA cfYd nksuksa iSjksa ij vius gkFkksa ls elkg
Hkh djuk pkfg;sA vxj fdlh us mu vvt+k dks igys /kks fy;k ftudks
vYykg rvkyk us ckn esa fd;k Fkk fQj mlus mu vvt+k dks /kks;k
ftudks eqdÌe fd;k Fkk rks ml lwjr esa oqT+kw fQj ls djuk pkfg;sA
ysfdu fdlh us Hkwy vkSj yk&bYeh dh otg ls uekt+ i<+ yh rks ml
lwjr esa mldh uekt+ bl rjg ckfry u gksxh ftl rjg fd geus nkfgus
vvt+k ij ck;sa vvt+k dks eqd+Ìe djus ds c;ku esa fy[kk gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd jg jgdj oqT+kw u djuk
pkfg;s ¼;kfu gkFkksa dks rks /kks fy;k fQj ?kaVs vk/ks ?kaVs ds ckn eqag /kks;k½
cfYd oqT+kw rks ,d gh oD+r esa iwjk djuk pkfg;sA ,slk ugha fd dqN oqT+kw
rks vHkh dj fy;k vkSj dqN oqT+kw nwljs oD+r ij NksM+ fn;kA ,slk d+lnu
u djuk pkfg;sA vxj oqT+kw dh rdehy esa fdlh dks dksbZ n[ky is”k vk
x;k vkSj fQj mlus NksM+s gq, oqT+kw dks fQj iwjk djus dk bjknk fd;k rks
ml ij okftc gS fd fQj ls oqT+kw djsA vxj mldks bl ckr dk bYe
ugha Fkk vkSj mlus tgka ls oqT+kw NksM+k Fkk ogh ls oqT+kw iwjk djds uekt+ i<+
yh rks ml lwjr esa oqT+kw ds bvkns ¼okyuk½ dk gqDe ugha gSA mldh uekt+
dk ogh gky gS tks geus vvt+k dks eqd+Ìe o eqvf[[kj djus ds c;ku
esa fy[kk gSA ;kfu bldh uekt+ Qkfln u gksxhA
188
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us dkfey rkSj ls oqT+kw djus dh rjx+hc nh gS
vkSj oqT+kw dh [+kqlwfl;kr dh ekvfjQr ¼igpku½ ds cx+Sj dkfey oqT+kw dk
bufglkj ikuh dh dljr ij ugha gS cfYd ftldks vPNh rjg oqT+kw
djuk vkrk gS og FkksM+s ikuh ls Hkh vPNh rjg oqT+kw dj ysrk gS vkSj
ftldks vPNh rjg oqT+kw gh djuk ugha vkrk og T+;knk ikuh gksus ds
ckotwn vPNh rjg oqT+kw ugha dj ikrk gSA oqT+kw vkSj X+kqLy ds fy;s ikuh
dh dksbZ gn eqd+jZj ugha gSA ysfdu bruk t+:j gS tks vvt+k oqT+kw esa /
kks, tkrs gksa mu ij ikuh Mky dj gkFkksa dks Qsjuk vkSj elyuk pkfg;sA
vkSj ftu vvt+k ij elkg fd;k tkrk gS mu ij bl rjg elkg djuk
pkfg;s fd ftl d+nz eqefdu gS ikuh dk vlj igq¡p tk;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gaS fd elkg dk c;ku [+kqnk dh fdrkc
dqjku gdhe esa ekStwn gSA vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
oelgw fc:Åfldqe o vjtqfydqe byy dvcSu 6&5@6
rtqZek % vkSj vius ljks dk vkSj V[kuksa rd ikÅa dk elkg dj fy;k
djksA
fc:Åfldqe esa tks gjQ ^^cs** gS mlls ekywe gksrk gS fd elkg
lj ds cvt+ gh fgLls ij okftc gSA tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk us r;Eeqe
ds flyflys esa Qjek;k gS fd
Qelgw fcoqtwfgdqe o ,fn;%dqe feUgks 6&5@5 rtqZek % nksuks gkFk
ekjdj mlls ¼feV~Vh ls½ vius eqag vkSj gkFkksa dk elkg dj yksA r;Eeqe
esa psgjs vkSj gkFkksa ds cvt+ fgLls ij elkg djus dh dS+n vYykg rvkyk
us blfy;s yxkbZ gS fd mls ekywe Fkk fd feV~Vh dh xnZ iwjs psgjs vkSj
gkFkksa ij D;ksa dj yxkbZ tk ldrh gS blfy;s rks ijojfnxkjs vkye us
fcoqtwfgdqe o ,fn;%dqe feUgks Qjek;k gSA il Bhd blh rjg oqT+kw
djrs oD+r lj vkSj nksuks iSjksa ds dqN fgLls ij elg fd;k tkrk gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd ftldk gkFk dVk gqvk gks
mldks pkfg;s fd tgka ls gkFk dVk gqvk gS mls /kks,A vxj fdlh vT+kw
189
esa chekjh gS vkSj mldks /kksus ls et+jZr ¼rdyhQ½ igqapsxh rks og u /kks,A
vxj ml vT+kw ij diM+s ;k ydM+h dh iV~Vh cka/kh gqbZ gks rks ml ij
elg dj ysuk pkfg;sA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dk bl ckr ij iwjk bÙksQkd
gS fd okftc oqT+kw esa ekst+ksa ds Åij ls elg djuk tkbt+ ugha gS vYykg
rvkyk us rks iSjksa ds elkg dk gqDe fn;k gS u fd ekSt++ksa ij elg djus
dk fygkt+k iSjksa ij gh elg djuk pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd rfd+ ;% esjk vkSj esjs
cki nknk dk nhu o et+gc gSA ysfdu bu rhu ckrksa esa rfd+ ;% djuk
tkbt+ ugha gSA u”kk vkoj pht+ksa ds ihus esa vkSj ekst+ksa ij elg djus esa
vkSj uekt+ esa ^^fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe** cqyan vkokt+ ls i<+uk rdZ
dj nsus esaA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ftldk ;g vd+hnk gks fd
ekst+ksa ij elg dj ysuk tkbt+ gS rks mlds uhps uekt+ i<+uk nq:Lr ugha
gSA D;ksafd og cx+Sj rgkjr ¼;kfu cx+Sj oqT+kw½ ds uekt+ i<+k;sxk vkSj ;g
rks ,d dqfYy;k gS fd vxj fdlh us oqT+kw ds e[klwl vvt+k esa ls fdlh
,d Hkh vT+kw dks NksM+ fn;k rks mldk oqT+kw ugha gqvk vkSj ftldk oqT+kw gh
dkfey u gksxk mldh uekt+ Hkh u gksxhA fygkt+k ,sls “k[+l ds uhps tks
Hkh uekt+ i<+sxk mldh Hkh uekt+ u gksxhA vycÙkk ekst+ksa ij ml oD+r
elg tkbt+ gS tcfd iSjksa esa dksbZ ,slh chekjh gks fd ikuh yxus ls
ekusv gks ml lwjr esa cotg t+:jr ekst+ksa ij elg dj ysuk tkbt+ gSA
;g oSls gh gS tSls geus diM+s dh iV~Vh vkSj ydM+h ds iV~Vs ij elg
djuk tkbt+ fy[kk gS vkSj dksbZ ,slk “k[+l tks igys ls ck&oqT+kw gS vkSj
mlls dksbZ gnl ugha gqvk gS exj mlus QT+y o lokc ds fy;s oqT+kw dh
rtnhn dks ilan fd;k rks bl gky esa ml ij dksbZ oqT+kw okftc ugha gS
vxj og dqN vvt+k /kks, vkSj dqN u /kks, rks mlesa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
beke gqlSuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck vkils jkgs lQj esa
elg djus ds ckjs esa iwNk x;kA vkius ml oD+r rks dksbZ tokc ugha
fn;kA ysfdu tc nwljh eafty ij igq¡ps rks lkby Hkh gejkg FkkA ml
ed+ke ij ikuh Hkh ekStwn FkkA vki ogka mrjs vkSj oqT+kw Qjek;kA ml oD+r
vkius vekek vkSj nksuks ekst+ks ij elg fd;k vkSj Qjek;k fd ;g ml
“k[+l dk oqT+kw gSA ftlus dksbZ gnl u fd;k gks ¼;kfu ftldk oqT+kw u VwVk
gqvk gks og ,slk dj ldrk gSA½
190
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us vekek] nqiV~Vk] Vksih] ekSt+k] nLrkuk ¼vkSjrks
ds gkFkks vkSj iSjks dk ts+oj½ vkSj twrksa ij elkg djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA
vycÙkk vxj dksbZ ,slh pIiy gks fd ftlls nksuksa iSjksa ij elkg djus
esa dksbZ pht+ gkbZy u gks rks elg djuk tkbt+ gSA vkSj vxj fdlh vT+kw
esa dksbZ ,slh chekjh gks fd ml ij ikuh yxus ls et+jZr dk vans”kk gks
rks ml ij elkg djuk tkbt+ gSA mldh lwjr ogh gS tks geus VwVs gq,
gkFkksa ij diM+s ds iV~Vs o ydM+h ds iV~Vs ij elkg djus dk Åij ft+Ø
fd;k gSA
ikuh dk c;kuikuh dk c;kuikuh dk c;kuikuh dk c;kuikuh dk c;ku
dqjku ikd es vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o vUt+yuk feul lekb ekvu rgwjk 0 19&25@48
rtqZek % vkSj ge gh us rks vkleku ls cgqr ikd vkSj lkQ&lqFkjk ikuh
cjlk;k vkSj nwljs ed+ke ij b”kkZn gS fd %
o ;qufT+t+yks vySdqe feul lekb ekvUy fy;qrg~fgj%dqe 9&8@11
rtqZek % vkSj rqe ij ikuh cjlk jgk Fkk rkfd mlls rqEgs ikd vkSj
ikdht+k dj ns vkSj vYykg rvkyk us ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd %
Qye rftnw ekvu Qr;Eeew lbZnu r¸;Scu 6&5@6
rtqZek % vkSj rqedks ikuh u fey lds rks ikd feV~Vh ls r;Eeqe dj yksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj reke vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- vkSj
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls eudwy gS vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd ikuh [kqn
ikdht+k cukrk gS mldks ikd ugha fd;k tk ldrkA vkius leqnz dk
ft+Ø djrs gq, Qjek;k fd mldk ikuh ikd gS vkSj mldk eqjnkj gyky
gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftls nfj;k ikd u
dj lds og dHkh ikd ugha gks ldrkA vkius ml cgrs gq, ikuh ds
191
eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k ftlds vanj eqjnkj vkSj xykt+r vkSj [kwu cgrs gksaA
vkius Qjek;k fd blls oqT+kw fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj mldk ikuh fi;k
tk ldrk gS tc rd fd bl ikuh dk jax vkSj et+k vkSj cw u cny tk;s
mls dksbZ pht+ ukikd ugha dj ldrh gSA veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- us ;g Hkh
Qjek;k gS fd dksbZ pht+ ikuh dks ukikd ugha cukrh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkils efLtn ds ml
gkst+ ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k ftlesa gSt+nkj vkSjr vkSj ukckfyx+ cPps gkFk
Mkyrs gSa D;k ml ikuh ls oqT+kw fd;k tk ldrk gS\ vkiv-l- us Qjek;k
fd ml gkSt+ ds ikuh ls oqT+kw fd;k tk ldrk gS D;ksafd dksbZ pht+ ikuh
dks ukikd ugha cukrh gSA vkils ,sls rkykc ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k tks xkao
ds vklikl gksrs gSaA mlesa vkywnxh gksrh gS vkSj cPps iS”kkc djrs gaS
pkSik, Hkh cksy o cjkt+ djrs gSA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd
vxj mu lc ckrksa ls rqEgkjs vius fny esa [kVd ¼vans”kk½ gks rks bl
rjhds ls ikuh dks gjdr ns dj oqT+kw dj yksA vkius vius nLr eqckjd
ls b”kkjk Qjekdj crk;kA blds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd nhu rax ugha
gSA vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
oek tvy% vySdqe fQÌhfu feu gj%ftu 17&22@78A
rtqZek % vkSj mewjs nhu esa rqe ij fdlh rjg dh l[+rh ugha dhA vkils
iwNk x;k fd vxj rykc esa dksbZ pht+ ej tk;s rks\ vkius Qjek;k fd
vxj ikuh x+kfyc gks ;kfu mlds ikuh esa fdlh fd+Le dh cncw u iSnk
gks rks oqT+kw fd;k tk ldrk gSA
vkils ,sls rykc ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k ftlesa pkSik, iS”kkc djrs
gS vkSj dqRrsa mlesa eqag Mkyrs gSA tukcrnkj enZ vkSj vkSjrsa vkSj gSt+nkj
vkSjr X+kqLy djrs gSa\ vkius Qjek;k fd vxj bl rkykc dk ikuh ,d
dj ¼;kfu lkr lks chl lkv½ ¼,d fd+Le dk iSekuk½ dh fednkj esa gks
rks mls dksbZ pht+ ukikd ugha dj ldrh gSA
,d erZck beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,sls rkykc ds ckjs esa
iqNk x;k ftlesa pkSik, ckSy o cjkt+ djrs gSa vkSj tukcrnkj enZ vkSj
gSt+nkj vkSjr X+kqLy djrs gSaA D;k ml ikuh ls oqT+kw fd;k tk ldrk gS\
vkius Qjek;k fd ml rkykc ds ikuh ls oqT+kw djus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gS
192
D;ksafd ,d erZck jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vius vlgkc ds gejkg ,d lQj esa
,d rkykc ds ikl [kM+s Fks vkSj ml rkykc esa vkids vlgkc ds ?kksM+s
vkSj pkSik, cksy o cjkt+ djrs FksA mlds ckotwn vkids vlgkc mlesa
X+kqLy djrs Fks vkSj mlls oqT+kw Hkh djrs Fks vkSj mldk ikuh ihrs Hkh FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd tc ikuh nks
xt+ pkSM+k] nks xt+ yEck vkSj nks xt+ xgjk gks fQj nks xt+ yEckbZ vkSj
nks xt+ pkSM+kbZ ds lkFk t+cZ ¼xq.kk½ fn;k tk;s vkSj bldks nks xt+ xgjkbZ
ds lkFk t+cZ fn;k tk;s rks bl fglkc ls tc ikuh vkB ft+jkv gks rks og
fdlh pht+ ls ukikd ugha gksrk gSA blls eqjkn vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dh
dqy ikuh ls gS vkSj FkksM+s ikuh dh fed+nkj ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k gS fd
tc rd ikuh x+kfyc gks ;kuh mlesa utklr dk vlj uqek;k u gks rks
,sls ikuh dks og tkjh ikuh le>k tk;sxk ftls vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy
us rgkjr ds fy;s eqckg d+jkj fn;k gSA vxj ikuh ij utklr xkfyc gks
tk;s ;kfu jax vkSj ikuh dk et+k vkSj mldh cw esa Qd+Z iSnk gks tk;s rks
og ukikd gSA ml ikuh dks oSlk gh ikuh le>k tk;sxk ftl ij
utklr x+kfyc vk pqdh gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- ls fjok;r gS
vkius Qjek;k gS fd vxj tukcrnkj ,sls ikuh ds ikl ls xqt+js ftlesa
eqjnkj gS rks vxj ml ikuh dk jax] et+k vkSj cw esa Qd+Z iSnk gqvk gks rks
mlds ikuh dks u rks fi;sa u mlls oqT+kw djsa u X+kqLy djsaA
;g gqDe ml ikuh ds fy;s gS tks utklr dh otg ls cny x;k
gks ysfdu vxj T+;knk fnuksa dk gksus dh otg ls ;k mlesa ?kkl oxSjg
mx vkus dh otg ls fd tks utklr ugha gS ml ikuh dk jax ;k et+k
cny x;k rks og ikuh ikd gSA
ikuh rks egt+ utklr dh otg ls ukikd gksrk gS blh rjg vxj
dq, esa dksbZ tkuoj fxj dj ej tk;s vkSj ikuh dk jax] et+k vSj cw cny
tk;s rks ml dq, ls bruk ikuh fudky nsuk pkfg;s fd ikuh esa tks
rcnhyh gks xbZ Fkh og nwj gks tk;s vkSj ikuh viuh vly gkyr ij vk
tk;sA vkSj blesa utklr t+jk Hkh uqek;ka u gks rks ml oD+r og ikuh ikd
gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS
vkius Qjek;k fd blh rjg ls og ikuh Hkh gS ftlesa dqRrsa vkSj nfjans
vkSj pkSik, nkf[+ky gksrs gSA
193
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- ls eudwy
gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd vkils ,sls ikuh ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk
x;k ftlesa dqRrsa] nfjans vkSj pkSik, nkf[+ky gksrs gSaA rks vkius Qjek;k
fd mu tkuojksa us tks dqN vius eqag esa mBk fy;k og mudk gks x;kA
rqEgkjs fy;s rks og ikuh gS tks ckd+h jg x;k gSA ;g bl lwjr esa gks
ldrk gS tcfd ikuh dh vlfy;r x+kfyc gks ysfdu vxj tkuojksa dk
yqvkc ¼Fkwd½ ikuh ij x+kfyc vk tk;s vkSj og ikuh esa uqek;k gks rks og
ikuh ukikd gS vkSj og ml ikuh dh rjg gS ftlesa utklr x+kfyc vk
pqdh gSA
blh rjg vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd fcYyh] pwgs vkSj
;gwnh o ulkjk vkSj etwlh ds eqag dk >wBk ml ikuh dh rjg gS ftlesa
tkuojksa] dqRrksa vkSj cgkbe us fi;k gS] gSt+nkj vkSjr o tukcrnkj enZ
ds eqag vkSj gkFk yxkbZ gqbZ pht+ ds [kkus esa :[klr nh xbZ gS vkSj ,sls
dqa, ftuls eqRrly ¼lkFk½ eksjh ¼X+kqLy[kkuk½ gks ;k ik[kkuk dh ukyh gks
vkSj mldk ikuh dq, esa tk fxjus ls jax oxSjg cny tkrk gks rks ikuh
xank gks tkrk gSA vxj ml dqa, ls mruh fed+nkj esa ikuh ckgj fudky
fn;k tk;s fd ftlls ikuh dk rx+ ;qj nwj gks tk;s rks og ikd gS vkSj
tc fQj mlesa ukikd ikuh pyk tk;s rks fQj ukikd gks tkrk gSA bu
reke lwjrksa esa ,d gh gqDe gS vkSj mudh ,d gh vly gSA ikuh ikd
gS tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk us Qjek;k gS ysfdu vxj blesa utklr iM+
tk;s rks mldk gqDe ogh gS tks ml ikuh dk gS ftlesa utklr x+kfyc
gSA vxj og utklr nwj gks tk;s rks og ikuh ikd gSA ikuh ds elvys
esa mu ckrksa ds flok dksbZ nwljh ckr lgh ugha gSA ikuh ds ckjs esa
equkft+jk gks fd og ikuh ftlesa utklr gS mlls gj og pht+ ukikd gks
tkrh gS ftlls og utklrnkj ikuh yx tkrk gSA rks ekywe gksuk pkfg;s
fd geus tks Åij dgk gS og gh lgh gSA bl ckjs esa cdljr nykby
o felkysa gSa ftls geusa eq[rlj djus ds fygkt+ ls gt+Q dj fn;k gSA
194
X+kqLy dk c;kuX+kqLy dk c;kuX+kqLy dk c;kuX+kqLy dk c;kuX+kqLy dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o bu dqurqe tquqcu QRrg~g: 6&5@6A
rtqZek % vxj rqe gkyr tukcr esa gks rks X+kqLy dj yksA [+kqnk dh fdrkc
ls ;g ckr lkfcr gS fd tukcr dk X+kqLy okftc gS vkSj bl ij reke
eqlyekuksa dk bÙksQkd+ gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd vxj dksbZ
tukcrnkj tukcr dk X+kqLy djrs oD+r tukcr ds X+kqLy dh fu¸;r u
djs rks nlks erZck Hkh X+kqLy djsxk rks ;g X+kqLy mlds fy;s dkQh u
gksxkA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS tukcr ds X+kqLy ds eqrkfYyd+
Qjekrs gS fd lcls igys oqT+kw djuk pkfg;s tSlk fd geus igys fy[kk
gS vkSj Qjt ¼”keZxkg½ ij yxh gqbZ ukikdh dks nwj djuk pkfg;sA fQj
iwjs ftLe ij ikuh Mkyk tk;sA vkSj tgka rd nksuksa gkFk igq¡p ldrs gksa
igq¡pk;k tk;sA ftLe esa dksbZ ,slh txg u jg tk;s tgka ikuh u igq¡pk
gksA lkFk gh lkFk gkFk dks Hkh ftLe ij Qsjk tk;sA ckyksa dks fHkxkS;k tk;s
vkSj cnu dks lkQ dj fy;k tk;sA X+kqLy ds fy;s dksbZ ikuh dh fed+nkj
eqd+jj ugha gS tSlkfd geus oqT+kw ds ckc esa fy[kk gSA ysfdu vxj fdlh
us reke cnu ij ikuh Mky fy;k vkSj ml ij gkFk Qsjk vkSj eSy dks
lkQ fd;k ckyksa dks rj fd;kA ;gka rd dh ikuh peM+h dks yx x;k
vkSj mlls d+Cy mlus oqT+kw Hkh dj fy;k rks ml lwjr esa og ikd o lkQ
gSA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls ;aw rks X+kqLy ds eqrkfYyd+ cgqr lh fjok;r vkbZ
gSA ysfdu ;g fjok;r vly ed+lwn o eqjkn gSA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us
ml tukcrnkj ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k gS tks ikuh esa x+ksrs yxkrk gS vkSj
mldh fu¸;r X+kqLy dh gS lkFk gh lkFk mlus X+kqLy ds reke et+dwjk
ckrksa dks vatke Hkh fn;k gS rks ml gky esa og ikd o lkQ gksxkA
195
QtZ+ vkSj lqUur ds X+kqLy dk c;kuQtZ+ vkSj lqUur ds X+kqLy dk c;kuQtZ+ vkSj lqUur ds X+kqLy dk c;kuQtZ+ vkSj lqUur ds X+kqLy dk c;kuQtZ+ vkSj lqUur ds X+kqLy dk c;ku
QtZ+ o okftc X+kqLy ;g gS %
1-tukcr dk X+kqLy 2- gSt dk X+kqLy 3- uQkl ¼tPpk&cPpk½ dk
X+kqLy 4- dkfQj dk X+kqLy tc og bLyke d+cwy djs] 5- ikxy vkSj
csgks”k vkneh dk X+kqLy tc og gks”k esa vk tk;s] 6- utklr esa yksV&iksV
gks tkus dk X+kqLy 7- e¸;r dk X+kqLyA
lqUur ds X+kqLy ;g gS %
¼1½ tqEekv ds fnu X+kqLy djuk] ¼2½ bZn&my&fQrj dk X+kqLy
¼3½ bZn&my&vngk dk X+kqLy ¼4½ vgjke cka/kus dk X+kqLy ¼5½ gje “kjhQ
¼6½ dkck vkSj ¼7½ enhus esa nkf[ky gksus dk X+kqLy ¼8½ vjQk ds fnu dk
X+kqLy ¼9½ jet+ku dh mUuhloh ¼10½ bDdhloh ¼11½ rsbloh jkr X+kqLyA
bu jkrksa esa exfjc dh uekt i<+us ds ckn X+kqLy djuk pkfg;sA ;g
eqLrfgc gS vkSj bl dh rjx+hc nh xbZ gS fd bu rhuksa jkrksa dks bcknr
esa xqt+kjk tk;s] ¼12½ e¸;r dks ugykus okyk ugykus ds ckn [+kqn X+kqLy
djsA
veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck
dqN vkSjrsa jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh t+kstk ¼choh½ ds ikl vkbZ vkSj muls
dqN vius ckjs esa c;ku fd;kA mu t+kstk us jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh f[kner
esa bl ckr dks is”k fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ;g vkSjrsa vkils dqN ,slh
ckrsa nj;k¶r djuk pkgrh gS ftuds c;ku djus ls bUgs “keZ vkrh gSA
vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd og tks pkgs iwN ldrh gSaA D;ksafd vYykg dks
gd+ ckr dgus esa dksbZ “keZ o fgtkc ugha gSA mUgksaus dgk fd ;g vkSjrsa
dgrh gS fd vxj dksbZ vkSjr [+okc esa ogh ns[ks tks fd ,d enZ ns[krk
gSA ;kuh ,gryke djrk gS rks D;k ml vkSjr ij Hkh X+kqLy djuk okftc
gSA vkius Qjek;k fd gka ml ij X+kqLy okftc gSA vkSjr dks Hkh enZ dh
gh rjg ikuh fudyrk gS ysfdu vYykg rvkyk us vkSjr ds ikuh dks
iksf”knk j[kk vkSj enZ ds ikuh dks v;ka ¼t+kfgj½ dj fn;k gSA tc vkSjr
dk ikuh ¼coD+r ftekv½ enZ ds ikuh ij x+kfyc vk tkrk gS rks cPpk eka
ls eq”kkck gksrk gS vkSj tc enZ dk ikuh vkSjr ds ikuh ij x+kfyc gksrk
gS rks cPpk cki ds eq”kkck gksrk gS vkSj tc nksuksa ikuh eqvrfny ;kfu
196
cjkcj gksrs gS rks cPpk nksuksa ds eq”kkck gksrk gSA fygkt+k tc vkSjr ls og
pht+ fudys tks enZ ls fudyrh gS rks ml ij X+kqLy okftc gS vkSj ;g
ckr flQZ “kjhj vkSj cndqek”k ¼cqjs [+;ky okyh½ vkSjrksa gh esa ik;h tkrh
gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dk ;g gqDe gS fd fdlh us ftekv fd;k ;k
,gryke fd;k vkSj mlus X+kqLy djuk pkgk rks mls X+kqLy ls d+Cy iS”kkc
djuk pkfg;s rkfd iS”kkc vkyk&,&ruklqy esa :dh gqbZ euh dks ckgj
fudky nsA vxj fdlh us ,slk u fd;k vkSj X+kqLy djus ds ckn
vkyk&,&ruklqy esa :dh gqbZ euh ckgj fudy vkbZ rks ml ij X+kqLy
fQj ls okftc gksxkA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tks “k[+l
ftekv djs rks ml ij okftc gS fd tc rd og X+kqLy u dj ys mldks
u lksuk pkfg;s u [kkuk pkfg;s u ikuh ihuk pkfg;sA gka vxj og fQj
ftekv djus dh fu¸;r j[krk gks rks vkSj ckr gSA blesa dksbZ gjt ugha
vxj og nksckjk ftekv dk bjknk j[krk gks rks X+kqLy u djsA gkykafd
uekt+ dk oD+r vk tk;s rks tc uekt+ dk oD+r gks tk;s rks X+kqLy esa
rk[+khj u djuk pkfg;sA vxj mlus X+kqLy ls d+Cy fQj ftekv fd;k rks
mlesa dksbZ gjt dh ckr ugha gSA vkSj mUgksaus tukcrnkj vkSj gkbt+k
vkSjr ds lkFk eqckf”kjr ¼;kuh ckslk o fdukj½ djus dh :[+klr nh gS
vkSj tukcrnkj ds fy;s efLtn esa cSBuk ukilan d+jkj fn;k gSA
vycÙkk efLtn esa jkgh dh rjg xqt+j ldrk gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj fdlh us tukcr ds X+kqLy
esa oqT+kw u fd;k rks mldk ;g X+kqLy dkQh gS c”krsZ fd mlus vius gkFkksa
ls oqT+kw dh fu¸;r ls oqT+kw ds reke vvt+k ij ikuh Mky fy;k gksA vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- us FkksM+k FkksM+k X+kqLy djuk ukilan fd;k gSA vxj fdlh us
FkksM+k X+kqLy dj fy;k gks rks mls fQj ls X+kqLy djuk pkfg;sA rkfd ,d
gh oD+r esa iwjk X+kqLy gks tk;saA
fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck jlwys vdjel-v-o- us tukcr dk X+kqLy
Qjek;kA tc vius bl X+kqLy ls Qkfjx gks pqds rks vkidh ut+j ftLe
eqckjd esa ,d ,slh txg iM+h tgka ikuh ugha igq¡pk FkkA rks ml oD+r
vkius vius ckyksa esa yxs gq, ikuh ls ml txg ij elkg dj fn;k FkkA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,slk “k[+l ftlds ftLe ij
t+[e yxs gq, gaS ;k QksM+k&QqUlh ;k pspd fudyh gqbZ gS vkSj mldks
197
X+kqLy dh t+:jr gSA rks vxj mls ikuh ls fdlh fd+Le dh rdyhQ o
[krjs dk [+kkSQ u gks rks X+kqLy dj ysA vxj og ftLe ij gkFk fQjk lds
rks Bhd gS ojuk vfgLrk&vfgLrk gkFk j[ks vkSj ;g Hkh u gks lds rks
ftLe ij ikuh dk cgk ysuk gh mldks dkQh gS vkSj vxj ikuh cnkZ”r
u dj lds rks ikd feV~Vh ls r;Eeqe dj ysA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us bfYrd+kmy&[krkusu ij X+kqLy okftc d+jkj
fn;k gS pkgs but+ky ¼L[kyu½ gks fd u gksA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls
fj;kor gS fd bfYrd+kmy&[krkusu ls eryc ;s gS fd g”kQk ¼fyax½
Qjt ¼”keZxkg½ esa nkf[ky gks tk;s tc ,slk gks tk;s rks enZ o vkSjr nksuksa
ij X+kqLy okftc gks tkrk gSA [okg but+ky gks fd u gksA vxj fdlh us
Qjt ¼”keZxkg½ ds vykok ftekv fd;k vkSj but+ky u gqvk gks rks ml
ij X+kqLy okftc ugh gSA vxj fdlh dks [okc esa ekywe gqvk fd mlus
,gfryke fd;k gS vkSj tc mBk rks mlus dksbZ rjh ¼ueh½ u ikbZ rks ml
ij X+kqLy okftc ugh gSA ysfdu vxj euh ut+j vk tk;s rks X+kqLy djuk
okftc gSA vxj et+h dh rjg flQZ rjh gh gks rks X+kqLy okftc ugh gS
ysfdu ml rjh vkSj uhan dh otg ls ml ij oqT+kw t+:j okftc gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vxj csnkjh ds vkye esa vkSjr
;k enZ us ftekv ;k cxSj ftekv ds bUt+ky fd;k rks ml ij X+kqLy
okftc gSA enZ dh rjg vkSjr dks Hkh [kokc esa ,gfryke gks tk;s rks ml
ij X+kqLy okftc gSA
ml vkSjr ds ckjs esa vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us Qjek;k ftldk “kksgj
mlds lkFk gefcLrj gksrk gS vkSj og [+kqn tukcrnkj gksrh gSA fQj og
X+kqLy ls igys gSt+nkj gks tkrh gS rks ml lwjr eas tc og gSt+ ls ikd
gks tk;s rks ml dks ,d gh X+kqLy dkQh gS vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us
Qjek;k gS fd tc vkSjr X+kqLy djs rks vius ckyksa dks [kksy MkysA gka ml
oD+r u [kksys tc mldks ;g ekywe gks fd cxS+j cky [kksys ikuh mlds
lj dh [kky rd igq¡p tk;sxk vkSj reke cky ikuh ls rj gks tk;saxsA
ysfdu ;g ml lwjr esa eqefdu gS tcfd ckyksa dh fxjgsa f<yh gksaA
vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd tc t+fe;k
vkSjr ¼;kuh enZ ;k vkSjr mudks dgrs gS tks tft+;k nsdj nk:y
bLyke esa jgrs gSaA½ fdlh eqfLye dh choh gks rks ml ij ls ;g vez
ejQwv ¼ykxw ugh½ gSA vxj og X+kqLy u djs vkSj mlls badkj djs rks
198
mldks tukcr ds X+kqLy ds fy;s etcwj ugha fd;k tk ldrk D;ksafd
mlds vanj tks f”kdZ iksf”knk gS og rks tukcr ls Hkh c<+ dj xqukg gSA
vycÙkk gSt+ ds X+kqLy ij etcwj dh tk ldrh gS rkfd eqfLye enZ ds
fy;s mlds lkFk eqtkevr ¼gefcLrjh½ djuk gyky gks tk;s vkSj rkfd
og mldks viuh t+kr ls nwj u j[k ldsA
X+kqLy ds oD+r ckt+wcan vkSj vaxwBh dks ?kqekuk pkfg;s rkfd ikuh
muds uhps fgLls rd igq¡p ldsA vkSj muds Åij Hkh ikuh Mkyuk
pkfg;sA oqT+kw ds oD+r tks nqvk;sa i<+h tkrh gS og nqvk;sa X+kqLy ds oD+r Hkh
i<+h tk;asA X+kqLy djus ds ckn :eky ;k rkSfy;k ls ftLe iksNus dh
:[+klr nh xbZ gSA
ftLe] fyckl] t+ehu vkSj fcNksus dh rgkjr dk c;kuftLe] fyckl] t+ehu vkSj fcNksus dh rgkjr dk c;kuftLe] fyckl] t+ehu vkSj fcNksus dh rgkjr dk c;kuftLe] fyckl] t+ehu vkSj fcNksus dh rgkjr dk c;kuftLe] fyckl] t+ehu vkSj fcNksus dh rgkjr dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd gt+jr vyhv-l- us
Qjek;k fd iS”kkc vxj diM+s esa yx tk;s rks mldks nks erZck /kks Mkyuk
pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd vxj cPps dk iS”kkc
diM+s esa yx tk;s rks ml ij bl rjg ls ikuh cgk;k tk;s fd nwljh
rjQ ls fudy tk;sA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj euh diM+s
esa yx tk;s rks ml txg dks /kks Mkyk tk;sA vkSj vxj ;g u ekywe gks
lds fd euh fdl txg yxh gS ysfdu bruk ;d+huh bYe gks fd dgha
euh t+:j yxh gqbZ gS rks rhu erZck iwjk fyckl /kksuk pkfg;sA vkSj gj
erZck ikuh esa Mwcks dj fupksM+uk pkfg;sA vkSj vxj et+h ¼iryk ikuh½
diM+ksa esa yx tk;s rks Hkh ,slk gh djuk pkfg;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd
diM+s esa vxj [+kwu yx tk;s rks mldks nwljh utklrksa dh rjg gh /kksuk
pkfg;s vkSj mUgksaus ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd vxj [+kwu dk NhaVk vkSj mlds
vykok nwljh utklrksa dk NhaVk tSls fiLlw dk [+kwu yx tk;s rks mlesa
:[+klr gS ysfdu vxj cgqr T+;knk uqek;ka gks rks /kksuk t+:jh gSA blh
199
rjg vxj eNyh dk [+kwu uqek;ka rkSj ls gks rks /kksuk pkfg;sA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- ls eq”kfjdhu ds cuk;s gq, fyckl ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk
x;k fd D;k mudks igu dj uekt+ vnk dh tk ldrh gS\ vkius
Qjek;k fd ughA vki ls diM+s esa “kjkc yxus ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k rks
vkius Qjek;k fd /kksuk pkfg;sA tukcrnkj vkSj gSt+nkj dk ilhuk
diM+s esa yx tk;s rks dksbZ gjt ugha gSA blh rjg ls vxj Hkhxk gqvk
diM+k fdlh tukcrnkj ;k gkbt+k ds ftLe ls yx tk;s rks vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- us blesa Hkh :[+klr nh gSA blh rjg lw[kh utklr diM+s ;k
ftLe ls yx tk;s ysfdu muesa ls t+jk Hkh yxh u jg tk;s tSls lw[kk
ik[kkuk] dqRrs lwvj vkSj eqjnkj ;g vxj diM+s ;k ftLe ls Hkh el gks
tk;as rks dksbZ gjt ugha gSA ifjUnksa esa ls eqxZsa vkSj rhrj fd ftudk xks”r
[kk;k tkrk gSA vxj mldk chV ;k iS”kkc yx tk;s rks dksbZ gjt ugha
gSA ftu ukikfd;ks ds yx tkus dh otg ls og diM+k /kks;k tkrk gS
vxj ftLe esa yx tk;s rks ftLe dks Hkh /kksuk pkfg;s vkSj vxj ckfj”k
dk dhpM+ diM+s esa yx tk;s vkSj mldh utklr x+kfyc u gks vkSj diM+s
dh jax :i cny u ns tSlk fd geus ikuh ds c;ku esa fy[kk gS rks mlesa
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us :[+klr nh gS ysfdu dhpM+ dh utklr diM+s ij
x+kfyc gks tk;s vkSj jax :i cny tk;s rks og utklr ds gqDe esa gS
vxj dksbZ “k[+l X+kqLy djds igys rks ukikd t+ehu ij pys fQj og
ikd t+ehu ij pys rks bl ds nksuks iSj ikdht+k gks tkrs gSaA vkSj vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd vxj fdlh t+ehu ij utklr gks rks ml
txg uekt+ u i<+h tk;s ysfdu vxj og lw[k tk;s vkSj utklr dh
cncw nwj gks tk;s vkSj ,su utklr dk vlj ckd+h u jgs rks uekt+ i<+uk
tkbt+ gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us ¼1½ d+czLrku] ¼2½ [ktwjksa ds >M+ vkSj ¼3½
geke esa uekt+ i<+us ls euk Qjek;k gSA HksM+ksa cdfj;ksa ds ckM+s esa uekt+
i<+us dh :[klr nh gSA tgka uekt+ i<+h tk;s ogka >kMw djds vkSj ikuh
fNM+d dj uekt+ i<+h tk;sA blh rjg ls fxjtkvksa vkSj eq”kjsdhu ds
?kjksa esa >kMw ekjdj vkSj ikuh fNM+d dj uekt+ i<+uh pkfg;sA vkSj ftu
diM+ksa dks eq”kjsdhu us cuk;k gS vkSj mldks mUgksaus bfLreky ugha fd;k
gS vkSj muesa fdlh fd+Le dh utklr Hkh uqek;ka ugh gS rks ,sls diM+ksa esa
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us uekt+ i<+us dh :[klr nh gSA
200
feLokd ¼nkrqu½ dk c;kufeLokd ¼nkrqu½ dk c;kufeLokd ¼nkrqu½ dk c;kufeLokd ¼nkrqu½ dk c;kufeLokd ¼nkrqu½ dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tc jlwys vdjelvo-
uhan ls csnkj gksrs rks feLokd djrs Fks vkSj tc lQj ij tkrs rks vkids
lkFk ;g N% phts t+:j gksrh Fkh ¼1½ b= dh “kh”kh ¼2½ dSaph ¼3½
lwjeknkuh ¼4½ vkbuk ¼5½ da?kh ¼6½ feLokdA jlwys [+kqnklvo- us b”kkZn
Qjek;k gS fd feLokd eqag dh [kq”kcw gS vkSj blesa jCcqy bT+t+r dh [+kq”kh
gSA tc dHkh esjs ikl ftczkbZy vkrs rks eq>s feLokd dh olh;r djrsA
;gka rd fd eSa rks Mj x;k fd vius eqag ds vxys nkarksa dks Nqik;s j[kwaA
vkius Qjek;k fd vafc;k fdjke dks rhu phtsa+ nh xbZ gS b=] vtokt+]
feLokd vxj yksxksa dks feLokd ds Qk;ns dk bYe gks tk;s rks gj “k[+l
mls vius fygkQ ¼pknj½ esa j[kdj lks;k djsA jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
Qjek;k gS fd dqjku ds jkLrs dks ¼;kuh eqag dks½ lkQ j[kksA vt+Z fd;k
x;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dqjku dk jkLrk D;k gS\ vkius Qjek;k rqEgkjs
eaqg gSaA vkidk ed+ln feLokd ls eqag dks lkQ djuk gSA
vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd vxj esjh mEer ij ckj u gks tkrk
rks eSa mu ij feLokd dks oqT+kw ds lkFk Qt+Z d+jkj ns nsrkA vxj fdlh
ls gks lds rks og dHkh feLokd u rdZ djsA vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd ,d
erZck rhu fnu bufd+rk&,&ogh ds ckn ftczbZyvl- esjs ikl vk;s rks eSaus
muls dgk fd vkidh rk[khj ¼nsjh½ dh otg D;k gS , esjs gchc
ftczbZyv-l- mUgksaus dgk fd , eksgEenl-v-o- eykbdk rqe ij D;ksa dj
ukft+y gksa ldrs gSa tcfd rqe lc feLokd ugha djrs gks vkSj ikuh ls
bfLratk ugha djrs vkSj X+kqLy ugha djrs vkSj vius eqQkfly ¼ey}kj½ dks
ugha /kksrsA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd feLokd oqT+kw dk fuLQ fgLlk gS
vkSj oqT+kw bZeku dk fuLQ fgLlk gSA vkius ,d erZck Qjek;k fd tks cank
eqfeu fuLQ jkr dks mBdj feLokd djrk gks vkSj fQj X+kqLy djrk gks
rks mldk X+kqLy fugk;r mEnk gksrk gSA fQj tc og efLtn esa nkf[+ky
gksrk gS rks ,d Qfj”rk mlds ikl vkdj mlds eqag ij viuk eqag j[k
nsrk gS rks mlds eqag esa ls tks Hkh fudyrk gS og Qfj”rk ds eqag esa pyk
tkrk gS ogh Qfj”rk d+;ker ds jkst+ mldk “kQhv vkSj xokg cudj
vk;sxkA vkius Qjek;k fd feLokd vjt+ esa ¼pkSM+kbZ esa½ djks yEckbZ esa u
201
djksA vkius Qjek;k fd vaxwBs vkSj rLchg dh Åaxyh oqT+kw djrs oD+r
nkarksa ij fQjk ysuk Hkh feLokd gSA vkius ckal dh ydM+h] Qwynkj nj[+r
¼isM+½ vkSj vukj dh ydM+h ls feLokd djuk euk Qjek;k gSA D;ksafd
mlls tqt+ke ¼dks<+½ iSnk gksus dk bEdku gSA
r;Eeqe dk c;kur;Eeqe dk c;kur;Eeqe dk c;kur;Eeqe dk c;kur;Eeqe dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw bt+k dqerqe byl lykfr Qxflyw oqtqgdqe
byy & & & Qye rftnw ekvu Qr;Eeew lbZnu rf¸;cu Qelgw
fcoqtqfgdqe o ,nhdqe feUgks 6&5@6A
rtqZek % , bZeku okyksa tc rqe uekt+ ds fy;s vkeknk gks rks vius eqag
dks /kks yksA vxj rqe dks ikuh u feys rks ikd feV~Vh ls r;Eeqe dj yksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftl “k[+l dks
ikuh u feys rks mls r;Eeqe vkf[+kjh oD+r esa djuk pkfg;sA vkius ;g Hkh
Qjek;k gS fd tks “k[+l r;Eeqe dj pqds rks tc rd og dksbZ gnl ugha
djrk ;k mldks xks;k ikuh ugha fey tkrk ml oD+r rd og ftruh
uekt+s i<+uk pkgs i<+ ldrk gSA vxj mldk xqt+j ikuh ds ikl ls gks
tk;s ;k mls ikuh fey tk;s rks ml lwjr esa mldk r;Eeqe VwV tk;sxk
ysfdu mlds fQj ikuh u feys rks r¸;qee dj ysA vxj fdlh us r;Eeqe
djds vOoy oD+r esa uekt+ i<+ yh fQj mldks ikuh fey x;kA vkSj
bruk oD+r vHkh ckdh gks fd ftlesa og oqT+kw djds uekt+ i<+ ldrk gks
rks og oqT+kw djds fQj ls uekt+ i<+sA ikuh feyus ds ckn tcfd uekt+
i<+us dk oD+r vHkh ckd+h gks rks mldh uekt+ fdlh gkyr esa r;Eeqe ls
tkbt+ u gksxhA vkius Qjek;k fd bl rjg vxj fdlh us r;Eeqe dj
fy;k vkSj vHkh mlus uekt+ ugha i<+h gS] brus esa mldks ikuh fey x;k
rks mldk r;Eeqe VwV tk;sxkA ml ij okftc gS fd og oqT+kw djds fQj
202
ls uekt+ i<+sA vxj r;Eeqe djds uekt+ i<+us yxk fQj mlh oD+r ikuh
fey x;k rks ml lwjr esa vxj og :dw esa uk x;k gks rks fQj ls oqT+kw
djds uekt+ i<+s vxj :dw dj pqdk gks rks uekt+ iwjh djsA vxj r;Eeqe
ls uekt+ i<+us ds ckn Hkh uekt+ dk oD+r gS rks ikuh ls oqT+kw djds fQj
ls uekt+ i<+sA vxj oD+r xqt+j pqdk gks rks fQj r;Eeqe ls i<+h gqbZ
uekt+ mlds fy;s dkQh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius r;Eeqe dh
rjrhc crkrs gq, Qjek;k fd r;Eeqe c&oD+rs t+:jr ,d fd+Le dk oqT+kw
gS fygkt+k r;Eeqe djus okyk tc r;Eeqe djus dk bjknk djs rks igys
viuh nksuks gFksfy;ksa dks ,d erZck t+ehu ij ekjs mlds ckn ,d dks
nwljs ij ekjdj >kM+s ¼[kudkM+s½A fQj vius gkFkksa dh maxfy;k¡ ls vius
eqag ij ,d gh erZck Hkksvksa ls ysdj eqag ds fupys fgLls rd elkg djsA
blds ckn viuh ck;sa maxwfy;ksa dks nkfguh maxfy;ksa ij gFksyh ds Åij
j[kdj vkxs fgLls rd ys tk;sA blh rjg ls nkfguh maxfy;ksa dks ck;sa
maxfy;ksa ij QSjs tSlkfd mlus igys fd;k FkkA flQZ ,d erZck djs ;g
gS r;Eeqe vkSj dkfey oqT+kw vkSj tukcr dk X+kqLy] blds ckn beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd ,d erZck gt+jr vEekj fcu ;kfljjv-
tukcrnkj gq, rks mUgksaus viuk diM+k mrkjk vkSj ikd feV~Vh esa yksVus
yxsA tc ;g [+kcj jlwyYykgl-v-o- dks igq¡ph rks vkius Qjek;k fd ,
vEekjj-v- D;k rqe x/ks dh rjg yksVrs Fks rqedks rks bruk gh dkQh Fkk fd
rqe feV~Vh ls vius gkFk vkSj eqag ij elkg dj ysrs tSlkfd vYykg
rvkyk us Qjek;k gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- us jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r uD+y dh gS fd
vkius Qjek;k eq>s rhu pht+sa vrk dh xbZ gS tks eq>ls d+Cy fdlh uch
dks ugha nh xbZ gSaA jksvc ds tjh;s esjh enn dh xbZ gS vkSj ekys&x+uher
esjs fy;s gyky fd;k x;k gS vkSj t+ehu dks esjs okLrs efLtn vkSj mldh
[kkd dks t+jhvk&,&rgkjr d+jkj fn;k x;k gsA gt+jr vyhv-l- us
Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ tukcrnkj gks tk;s vkSj ml oD+r t+ehu esa ueh
gks rks vius ?kksM+s ds ik;nku dks >kM+dj mlds X+kqCckj ¼ckjhd feV~Vh½ ls
r;Eeqe djs vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Hkh
203
Qjekrs gS fd og “k[+l ftldks ikd feV~Vh u fey ldrh gks rks ,slh
lwjr esa vius diM+s vkSj ikyku11111 dks >kM+dj r;Eeqe djs vkSj ycknk
¼Åuh diM+k½ ij t+ksj ls gkFk ekjdj ;k >kM+dj r;Eeqe djsA vkSj
r;Eeqe djus okys ds fy;s t+ehu ij ,d gh erZck gkFk ekjuk dkQh gSA
og nksuksa gkFkksa ls gkFk vkSj eqag ij elkg djsA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us
Qjek;k gS fd xp] jk[k] vcjd+ ls r;Eeqe djuk tkbt+ ugha gSA ysfdu
tks iRFkj t+ehu ls fudyk gqvk gks vkSj ml ij X+kqCckj yxh gqbZ gks rks
r;Eeqe mlls gks ldrk gSA ysfdu vxj og Hkhxk gqvk gS rks r;Eeqe ugha
gks ldrk gSA gkyrs gt+j esa ¼lQj esa u gks½ fdlh chekjh dh otg ls
gh r;Eeqe djuk pkfg;s vkSj vxj dksbZ “k[+l HkhM+ esa iM+ x;k vkSj og
mlls ugha fudy ik;ka ;gka rd fd uekt+ dk oD+r vk x;k rks og
r;Eeqe djds uekt+ i<+s vkSj fQj ckn esa bvknk djs vkSj og tukcrnkj
tks dq,a ds ikl rks gS ysfdu mlds ikl ikuh fudkyus dk lkeku ugha
gS rks og r;Eeqe dj ys vkSj og tukcrnkj “k[+l ftlds ftLe esa QksM+s
;k t+[e ;k dksbZ ,slh chekjh gks fd vxj og X+kqLy djrk gS rks mldh
tku dk [+kkSQ gS rks og r;Eeqe djds uekt+ i<+s vkSj tks tukcrnkj
“k[+l BaMd ds [+kkSQ ls Mjrk gS fd og vxj X+kqLy dj ys rks gykd gks
tk;sxka og r;Eeqe djds uekt+ i<+s vkSj ,slk [+kkSQ u gks rks X+kqLy dj
ys bl lwjr esa vxj og ej x;k rks “kghn gSA vxj fdlh “k[+l ds ikl
bruk FkksM+k lk ikuh gS fd vxj og ml ikuh ls oqT+kw ;k X+kqLy djrk gS
rks I;kl dh otg ls gykd gks tk;sxkA rks og r;Eeqe djds uekt+ i<+s
vkSj ikuh dks viuh tku ds fy;s cpk;s j[ksA mldh gykdr dk leku
u djsA vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o yk rd+rqyw vuQql%dqe bUuYykg% dku% fcdqe jghek 5&4@29A
rtqZek % vkSj rqe viuk xyk ?kksaVdj viuh tku u ns nksA D;ksafd [+kqnk
rks t+:j rqEgkjs tku ij esgjcku gSA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us ml eqlkfQj ds ckjs esa Qjek;k gS ftls
ikuh ,slh txg ij feyrk gSA tgka tkus ls mldks viuh tku dk [+kkSQ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
11111ikyku % og xksnjh o diM+k tks ÅaV ;k x/ks dh ihB ij ihB dh fgQkt+r ds
fy;s j[kk tkrk gSA
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gSA tSls Mkdw ;k nfjans ;k nwljh dksbZ ,slh pht+ gS ftlls mldks viuh
tku dk [+kkSQ gS rks ml gkyr esa og r;Eeqe djds uekt+ i<+sA vxj
eqlkfQj dks cgqr T+;knk dher ls ikuh eksy feyrk gS vkSj mlds ikl
d+her gks rks r;Eeqe u djsA D;ksafd tc mlds ikl ikuh dh dher
ekStwn gS rks xks;k ikuh ekStwn gS ysfdu vxj mldks :i;s [+kpZ djus dh
otg ls viuh gykdr dk Mj gks rks ikuh u [+kjhns vkSj r;Eeqe djds
uekt+ i<+sA
gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd lQj esa tcfd ikuh u feyrk
gks rks viuh vkSjr ds lkFk ge fcLrjh gksus esa dksbZ gjt ugha gSA og
r;Eeqe djds uekt+ i<+sA jlwys [+kqnklvo- ls bl elvys ds ckjs esa
nj;k¶r fd;k x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd viuh vkSjr ls feyks vkSj
r;Eeqe dj ds uekt+ i<+ksA rqedks bldk vtz feysxkA lkby us vt+Z
fd;k fd , jlwyYykgl-v-o- eSa fyT+t+r Hkh mBkaÅxk vkSj eq>s vtz Hkh
feysxk\ vkius Qjek;k fd gkaA tc rqe gyky dke djksxs rks rqe dks
t+:j vtz feysxk Bhd mlh rjg tSls fd rqe gjkedkjh djksxs rks
xqukgxkj BgjksxsA
[kkus ihus dh pht+ksa dh rgkjrksa dk c;ku[kkus ihus dh pht+ksa dh rgkjrksa dk c;ku[kkus ihus dh pht+ksa dh rgkjrksa dk c;ku[kkus ihus dh pht+ksa dh rgkjrksa dk c;ku[kkus ihus dh pht+ksa dh rgkjrksa dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkils ,sls lQjk ;k
nLrj[+oku ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k ftlesa “kjkc yxh gqbZ gS rks D;k ml ij
[kkuk [kk;k tk ldrk gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd vxj lw[k xbZ gks rks dksbZ
gjt ugha gSA pwgksa dh ysaMh tks vkVs esa ikbZ tkrh gSa mlds ckjs esa loky
fd;k x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd vxj ekywe gks tk;s rks mls fudky
nsuk pkfg;s vkSj vxj ekywe u gks rks dksbZ gjt ugha gSA vkSj vkils iwNk
x;k fd dqÙks vkSj pwgsa tks jksVh [kk tkrs ;k lwa?krs gS mlds eqrkfYyd+ D;k
gqDe gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd ftl txg ls mUgksaus [kk;k gS ;k lwa?kk gS
mldks dkV fn;k tk;s vkSj ckd+h [kk;k tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki us gj ml pht+ ds
[kkus vkSj ihus dh :[+klr nh gS ftlesa ls fcYyh us [kk;k ih;k gksA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls pwgs ds ?kh esa fxj iM+us ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k rks
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vkius Qjek;k fd vxj ?kh tek gqvk gks rks pwgs ds vklikl ds ?kh dks
fudky fn;k tk;s vkSj ckd+h dks [kk;k tk;sA vxj fi?kyk gqvk gks rks
lcdk lc [kjkc gks x;k gSA mldks flQZ fpjkx tykus ds dke esa yk;k
tk;sA vkius Qjek;k fd veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- ls dhM+s&edksM+s ds ckjs esa
iqNk x;k tks ?kh] “kgn] nw/k vkSj rsy esa fxjdj ej tkrs gSa rks vkius
Qjek;k fd vxj dhM+s&edksM+s fi?ky x;s gksa rks nw/k dks cgk fn;k tk;s
vkSj ?kh o rsy dks fpjkx tykus ds dke esa fy;k tk;s vkSj laMkfl;k
¼dksdjksp½] fcPNw] e[[kh vkSj f>axM+ vkSj muds vykok ftuesa [+kwu u gks
vkSj og [kkus esa fxjdj ej tk;sa rks mlls [kkuk [kjkc ugha gksrk gSA
vkius rsy ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ pkgs rks mlls lkcwu cuk
ldrk gSA vxj dhM+s&edksM+s “kksjcs esa fxjdj tc rd ejs u gksa vkSj
mudks ftank fudky fy;k tk;s rks og utl ugha gksrk gSA mldks [kk;k
tk ldrk gS vkSj vxj fxjdj ej tk;s rks mls u [kk;k tk ldrk gS]
u cspk tk ldrk gS] u [+kjhnk tk ldrk gSA jlwys [+kqnklvo- ds ml d+kSy
ls Hkh ;gh irk pyrk gS fd mldk [+kjhnuk&cspuk eeuwv ¼euk½ gS
D;ksafd vkius Qejk;k gS fd ;gwfn;ksa ij [+kqnk dh ekj ckotwn ;s fd mu
ij pchZ gjke dh xbZ Fkh fQj Hkh mldks mUgksaus Qjks[+r djds mldh
d+her dks [kk;kA vycÙkk ml pchZ ls eqjnkj dh [kky dh rjg Qk;nk
mBk;k tk ldrk gSA ysfdu mldk [+kjhnuk&cspuk tkbt+ ugh gSaA vkSj
tks “k[+l blh pchZ ls fpjkx+ tyk;s ;k lkcqu cuk;s rks mls bl ckr ls
cpuk pkfg;s fd dgha og diM+s esa u yx tk;sA vxj ftLe vkSj diM+s
esa yx tk;s rks mruk fgLlk /kksuk pkfg;sA ftl rjg utklr /kksbZ tkrh
gsA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dh
f[+kner esa “kksjck dk I;kyk vk;k ftlesa e[[kh FkhA vkius mldks ckgj
fudkyus dk gqDe Qjek;kA blds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd bl ij
fcfLeYykg i<+ dj [kkvksA D;ksafd blls dksbZ pht+ gjke ugha gks tkrh
gSA ge blls igys fy[k vk;s gSa fd ftlesa [+kwu u gks vkSj u¶ls lkbyk
u gks vkSj og [kkus&ihus dh pht+ksa esa fxjdj ej tk;s rks mlls [kkuk
[kjkc ugha gksrk gSA blh rjg e[[kh fxjdj ej tk;s rks [kkuk gjke ugha
gksrk gSA vycÙkk u¶l dks mu reke pht+ksa ls ,d fd+Le dh djkfg;r
gks tkrh gS tks [kkus ;k ihus dh pht+ksa esa fxj tkrh gS ysfdu ml pht+
dks gjke ugha d+jkj nsuk pkfg;sA ftldks vYykg rvkyk us gyky fd;k
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gSA ftldks ilan vk;s rks og [kk;s vkSj ftldks ukilan gks og u [kk;s
ysfdu mldks gjke d+jkj u nsA
lQkbZ vkSj fQrjh ¼izdfrd½ rgkjrksa dk c;kulQkbZ vkSj fQrjh ¼izdfrd½ rgkjrksa dk c;kulQkbZ vkSj fQrjh ¼izdfrd½ rgkjrksa dk c;kulQkbZ vkSj fQrjh ¼izdfrd½ rgkjrksa dk c;kulQkbZ vkSj fQrjh ¼izdfrd½ rgkjrksa dk c;ku
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ukikd “k[+l
cgqr cqjk cank gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qejk;k fd rqedks
viuh choh ds fy;s mlh rjg ls vkjkLrk gksuk pkfg;s ftl rjg ls fd
rqe pkgrs gks fd og rqEgkjs fy;s vkjkLrk gksA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k
gS fd vius cPpksa ds >wBs gkFkksa dks /kks Mkyks D;ksafd “kSrku mldks lw?kark
gSA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd tks “k[+l vius ?kj esa cjdr ns[kuk
pgrk gS mldks pkfg;s fd [kkrs oD+r gkFk /kks fy;k djsA vkius Qjek;k
gS fd ftlus [kkus ls igys gkFk /kksfy;s og ,s”k o vkjke vkSj lsgrean
ft+Unxh clj djsxkA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki jksVh vkSj
lw[kh [ktwj vkSj vkVs ls gkFk /kksus dks ukilan djrs FksA vkius Qjek;k
fd blls usversa pyh tkrh gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd [kkus ls igys
vkSj [kkus ds ckn gkFk /kksuk rvke ¼[kkus½ esa cjdr dk ckbl ¼otg½ gSA
mUgksaus dgk fd veh:y eqfeuhuvl- us Hkh ,slk gh Qjek;k gS vkSj ;g Hkh
Qjek;k gS fd “kSrku xkS”r oxSjg dh fpdukgV dk vkf”kd gSA rqe esa
ls tc dksbZ vius fcLrj ij tk;s rks viuk gkFk /kks ys rkfd xkS”r oxSjg
dh tks fpdukgV yxh gqbZ gks og nwj gks tk;sA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us r”r
¼gkFk /kqykus dk crZu½ Hkj tkus ls igys mBkus ls euk Qjek;k gSA beke
ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd ?kj dk ekfyd lc ls vkf[kj esa gkFk /kks,aA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d jkst+ jlwys
vdjel-v-o- vius vlgkc dh tkfuc fudys rks vkius muls eq[+kkfrc gks
dj Qjek;k fd f[kyky djus okyksa dks c”kkjr gSA ml oD+r vt+Z fd;k
x;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ;g f[+kyky D;k pht+ gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd
maxfy;ksa vkSj uk[kwu ds njfe;ku oqT+kw djrs oD+r f[+kyky djuk pkfg;s
vkSj [kkus ds ckn f[+kyky djuk pkfg;s D;ksafd ewfeu ds nkfgus vkSj ck;sa
nksuksa Qfj”rksa ij dksbZ pht+ mlls T+;knk “kkd vkSj rdyhQng ugha
xqt+jrh fd og uekt+ i<+rs oD+r eqfeu ds eqag esa t+jk lk Hkh yxk gqvk
207
[kkuk ns[ksaA ekSYkkuk vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd rvke ls
Qkfjx gksus ds ckn f[+kyky dj yks D;ksafd mlls vxys nkarksa vkSj vanj
ds nkarksa dh lsgr gS vkSj ;g cans ds fjT+d dk ckbl gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ckal] Qwynkj nj[+r vkSj vukj
dh ydM+h ls f[kyky djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k
gS fd f[+kyky jkst+h dh otg gSA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd [+kruk djuk
fQrjr gSA vkius Qjek;k fd bLyke esa dksbZ “k[+l cxSj [kruk ds u
jgus ik;sA mldk [+kruk t+:j gksuk pkfg;s [+okg og vLlh lky ¼80½
dk D;ksa u gks tk;sA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
vLlh ¼80½ lky dh mez esa lcls igys ftudk [kruk gqvk og gt+jr
bczkfgev-l- gSA vYykg rvkyk us gt+jr bczkghev-l- ij tc ogh ukft+y
dh fd ikd cu tkvksa rks vkius viuh ewaNksa ds cky rj”kok;sA blds ckn
fQj dgk x;k fd ikd cu tkvks rks vkius uk[kwuksa dks rjk”kkA blds
ckn fQj ;gh gqDe gqvk rks vkius cxy ds cky m[kkM+s mlds ckn fQj
;gh gqDe gqvk rks vkius t+sjs ukQ ¼”keZxkg½ ds ckyks dks lkQ fd;k
mlds ckn tc fQj ;gh gqDe gqvk rks vkius ml oD+r [+kruk fd;kA
gt+jr vyhvl- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd , fxjksgs&t+uku ¼vkSjrksa
dh tekvr½ tc rqe viuh nq[+krjku ¼csfV;ksa½ dk [+kruk djks rks FkksM+k
lk fgLlk ckd+h j[kks D;ksafd mlls muds jax o :i dh T+;knk lQkbZ gS
vkSj og vius “kkSgjksa ds ut+nhd mlls T+;knk gt+ ¼yqRQ½ mBk ldrh gSA
vkius Qjek;k fd vius cPpksa dh [krukvksa esa tYnh djks D;ksafd ;g
mudh lcls cM+h ikdh vkSj rgkjr gS vkSj ;kn j[kks fd lkr lky ls
igys fdlh Hkh yM+dh dk [kruk u gksuk pkfg;sA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd duiV~Vh vkSj
nk<+h ds nksuksa rjQ ds ckyksa dks rj”kokuk pkfg;s vkSj nk<+h esa da?kh djuk
pkfg;s vkSj fdQk ;kfu xnZu ds fiNys fgLls vkSj fupys gksaB ds
njfe;ku ds cky eqaMokvksA “okfjc dks rj”kokvks vkSj ewaNks dks t+jk lk
drjks vkSj uk[kwuksa dks drjks vkSj vgys fdrkc ¼;gqn] ulkjk½ ls eq”kkck
¼mu tSls½ u cuksA dksbZ “k[+l “okfjc ¼ewaNksa ds vkxs ds cky½] t+sjs&ukQ
ds cky vkSj cxy ds cky u c<+k;s D;ksafd “kSrku mu txgksa dks viuk
vM~Mk cuk ysrk gSA tgka og :iks”k ¼Nqi tkuk½ gks tk;k djrk gSA tks
208
“k[+l [+kqnk vkSj d+;ker ds fnu ij bZeku j[krk gS og vius t+sjs&ukQ
ds ckyksa dks pkyhl ¼40½ fnu ls T+;knk u jgus nsA
vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd nksuks duiV~Vh
ds ckyksa] nk<+h ds nksuks tkfuc ds ckyksa vkSj BqM~Mh vkSj fupys gksaB ds
njfe;ku ds ckyksa dks rj”kokvksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd rqe eaqNksa ds c<+s
gq, ckyksa dks rj”kokvks D;ksafd cuh me¸;k eqNksa ds c<+s gq, ckyksa dks ugha
rj”kokrs FksA jlwys [+kqnkl-vo- dk b”kkZn gS fd ftl “k[+l us cjkst+s tqevk
vius uk[kwuksa dks rjk”kk rks [+kqnk oUnss rckjd o rvkyk mldh mxafy;ks
dh chekjh dks nwj dj nsrk gSA vkSj mudks f”kQk vrk Qjekrk gS vkSj
vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd , yksxks! vius uk[kwuksa dks rj”kokvks vkSj
vkSjrksa ls vkius Qjek;k fd vius uk[kwuksa dks c<+kvks D;ksafd mlesa rqEgkjs
fy;s t+hur gSA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd tks “k[+l cky j[ks mldks
pkfg;s fd og laokjrk jgsA vkius vcw d+rknkjv- ls Qjek;k fd , vcw
d+rknk rqe viuh t+qYQksa dks vyx&vyx djks vkSj mudks [+kwc laokjksA
vkius ;g Hkh b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd [+kwclwjr cky vYykg dh
tkfuc ls ,d fd+Le dk fyckl gS fygkt+k mldks laokjrs jgks vkSj ftl
“k[+l us cky j[ks ysfdu mlus ekax ugha fudkyh rks [+kqnk oUns rvkyk
cjksts+ d+;ker vkx dh dhy ls mldh ekax QkM+sxkA vkius Qjek;k fd
ftlus vius lQsn ckyksa ds QT+y o deky dks tkudj mldh rkSd+hj
¼bT+t+r½ dh rks [+kqnk mldks d+;ker ds [+kkSQ ls ekewu o egQwt+ j[ksxkA
lQsn cky [+kqnk dk uwj gS fygkt+k mldks m[kkM+ er QsadksA veh:y
eqfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l- lQsn ckyksa dks drjokus esa dksbZ gjt eglwl
u djrs FksA vycÙkk muds m[kkM+us dks ukilan djrs FksA jlwys [+kqnkl-vo-
dk b”kkZn gS fd rhu phtsa+ cans dk uwj cq>k nsrh gSA vius finj ¼cki½ ds
fj”rk , eksgCcr dks d+rv dj nsuk vkSj vius lQsn ckyksa dks fl;kg dj
nsuk vkSj [+kkuxh dejksa esa rkd&>kad djukA fdlh beke us ,sls “k[+l
dks ns[kk ftlus viuh nk<+h ij fl;kg jax yxk j[kk FkkA mUgksaus Qjek;k
fd mlus vius psgjksa dks cnlwjr cuk fy;k gSA
209
[kky gM~Mh cky vkSj Åu dh ikdht+xh o rgkjr dk[kky gM~Mh cky vkSj Åu dh ikdht+xh o rgkjr dk[kky gM~Mh cky vkSj Åu dh ikdht+xh o rgkjr dk[kky gM~Mh cky vkSj Åu dh ikdht+xh o rgkjr dk[kky gM~Mh cky vkSj Åu dh ikdht+xh o rgkjr dk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
ckjh lqCgkuk rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
gqfjZer vySdqeqy eSrrks oÌeks o ygeqy f[kut+hfj 6&5@3A
rtqZek % rqe ij eqnkZ tkuoj] [kwu] lwvj dk xkS”r gjke gSA
bl vk;r ds t+kfgjh vYQkt+ ls okts+g gS fd eqnkZ tkuoj dh u [kky]
u cky] u Åu u gM~Mh ] u dksbZ tksM+ xjt+ eqnkZj dh FkksM+h ;k T+;knk
dksbZ pht+ Hkh gyky ugha gSA ckjh lqCgkugw rvkyk us tcfd lqvj dk
xkS”r fcy dqfy;k ¼gj gky esa½ gjke d+jkj ns fn;k gSA rks fQj mldh
gj pht+ gjke gSA bl ij tqeyk eqlyekuksa dk bÙksQkd+ gSA ;gh gky
eqnkZ tkuoj dk Hkh gSA vgys cSrv-l- fdjke ls ejoh gS fd eqnkZ tkuoj
dh t+jk lh Hkh pht+ Qjks[+r djuk ;k [kjhnuk ;k ml ij uekt+ i<+uk
gjke gSA
vycÙkk vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us eqnkZ tkuojksa ds fdlh vvt+k ls
mlh rjg Qk;nk mBkus dh :[+klr nh gS tSlk fd ukikd diM+s ls
vks<+us vkSj fcNkSus dk dke fy;k tkrk gS vkSj ml ij uekt+ ugha i<+h
tkrhA eqnkZ tkuoj dh dksbZ pht+ nckx+r ;kfu fl/kkus ¼jaxokus½ ls vkSj
/kksus ls ikdht+k ugha gksrh gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids
vkck&,&fdjke vkSj ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us
eqnkZ tkuoj dh fl/kkbZ gqbZ [kky ij uekt+ i<+us ls euk Qjek;k gSA
vkius b”kkZn Qjek;k gS fd eqjnkj rks utl o ukikd gh gSA [+okg
mldh [kky fl/kkbZ gh D;ksa u xbZ gksA beke ckfd+jvl- ls fjok;r gS
vkius Qjek;k fd eqnkZj dh [kky ij uekt+ i<+h ugha tk ldrh mldks
70 flRrj ckj D;ksa u fl/kk;k x;k gksA vgys cSrv-l- eqnkZj dh [kky ij
uekt+ ugha i<+rsA [+okg og fl/kkbZ gh D;ks u xbZ gksA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls
HksM+ksa dh [kkyksa dh ckcr iwNk x;k tks t+chgk dh [kkysa vkSj eqnkZj dh
[kkyksa ds lkFk e[kywr ¼fey½ gks tkrh gS vkSj fQj mu [kkyksa ls tqCck
¼dqrkZ½ cuk;k tkrk gSA vkius Qjek;k fd rqe mls igu rks ldrs gks
210
ysfdu blesa uekt+ ugha i<+ ldrs vkSj vxj rqedks ekywe gks fd ;g
eqnkZ tkuoj dh [kky ls cuk gS rks rqe mldh [+kjhn o Qjks[+r u djksA
ysfdu vxj rqedks bldk bYe u gks rks [+kjhn o Qjks[+r dj ldrs gksA
vkius lkFk gh lkFk ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd beke t+suqy vkfcnhuv-l- ds ikl
,slk gh ,d bjkd+h tqCck Fkk ftls vki t+scsru Qjek;k djrs FksA ysfdu
tc uekt+ dk oD+r gks tkrk rks vki mls mrkj nsrs FksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd eSaus jlwys vdjel-v-o- dks ;g
Qjekrs gq, lquk gS fd eqnkZ tkuoj dh [kky u gM~Mh vkSj u fdlh
vvt+k ls dksbZ Qk;nk mBk;k tk ldrk gSA nwljs jkst+ tc eSa vkagjtrlvo-
ds gejkg ckgj fudyk rks cdjh dk ,d cPpk ejk gqvk jkLrs esa iM+k
FkkA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us mls ns[kdj Qjek;k fd bl eqnkZj cPps ds ekfyd
us blls dksbZ Qk;nk ugha mBk;kA eSaus vt+Z fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o-
vkius dy gh rks Qjek;k Fkk fd eqnkZ tkuoj ls dksbZ Qk;nk ugha fy;k
tk ldrk gSA vkagt+jr us Qjek;k fd mlls fygkQ dk dke fy;k tk
ldrk gS tks ftLe ls fpidrk ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ykseM+h fcYyh] lewj] latkc] Qud]
d+kd+e ¼fl;kj] taxyh pwgsa tSls tkuoj ftudh [kkysa eqyk;e jks;s&nkj
gksrh gS½ oxSjg dh [kkyksa ls cus gq, fyckl ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k rks vkius
Qjek;k fd mldks iguk rks tk ldrk gS exj mlesa uekt+ ugha i<+h tk
ldrh vkSj nfjanksa dh fdlh Hkh [kkyksa dks igu dj u rks ml ij uekt+
i<+h tk ldrh gS vkSj u ml ij ltnk fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;gh gky
mu reke tkuojksa dh [kkyksa dk gS ftudk xkS”r [kkuk gjke gSA gt+jr
vyhv-l- us Qjek;k fd nfjank tkuojksa dh [kkyks dh d+her ¼lqgr½ gjke
gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us balku ds cky dks ed:g d+jkj fn;k gSA
vki Qjekrs gS fd balku ds cnu ls fxjh gqbZ pht+ eqnkZj gS blh rjg
ftank gSokuksa ds vvt+k esa ls fudyh gqbZ gj pht+ eqnkZj gSA bldks [kk;k
ugha tk ldrk gS ysfdu gyky tkuojksa ds drjs gq, cky tks /kks, x;s
gksa elyu Åu oxSjg dks iguus vkSj ml ij uekt+ i<+us dh :[+klr
gSA c”krsZ og ikdht+k gks balkuksa ds ckyksa ds cj f[kykQ vYykg rvkyk
dk b”kkZn gS fd %
211
o feu vLokfQgk o vockfjgk o v”kvkfjgk vlklUo o erkvu byk
ghu 0 14&16@80A
rtqZek % vkSj mu tkuojks ds Åu vkSj jksvks vkSj ckyks ls ,d oD+rs [+kkl
rd ds fy;s vlckc vkSj dkj vken phts+a vYykg rvkyk us rqEgkjs fy;s
cuk;sA
gSt+ dk c;kugSt+ dk c;kugSt+ dk c;kugSt+ dk c;kugSt+ dk c;ku
vgyscSrs vrgkjv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkSjr tcfd gSt+ ;k fuQkl11111
dh gkyr esa gks rks ml ij jkst+k vkSj uekt+ gjke gS vkSj mlds “kkSgj
ds fy;s ge fcLrj Hkh gksuk gjke gSA ;gka rd fd og ikd gks tk;s vkSj
ikuh ls X+kqLy dj ys ;k ikuh u feys rks r;Eeqe dj ysA tc og ikd
gks tk;s rks jkst+k d+t+k djs vkSj uekt+ d+t+k u i<+sA vkSj vc og vius
“kkSgj ds fy;s gyky gks xbZA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius gSt+nkj vkSjr ds
lkFk eqckf”kjr ¼ckslk o fdukj½ dh :[+klr nh gSA vki Qjekrs gaS fd
gSt+nkj vkSjr ukQ ls ysdj nksuks ?kqVuksa rd ,d diM+k igus jgsA bl
lwjr esa bt+kj ls Åij dk tks fgLlk gS og mlds “kkSgj ds fy;s gyky
gSA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd ftl “k[+l us gSt+nkj vkSjr ds
lkFk gefcLrjh dh mlus ,slk fd;k tks mlds fy;s gyky u Fkk vkSj
mlus ,slk Qvy ¼dke½ fd;k tks mlds fy;s okftc Hkh u FkkA ml ij
okftc gS fd og vYykg rvkyk ls ex+fQjr ryc djs vkSj mlds
ut+nhd vius xqukg ls rkSck djsA vxj og lnd+k djs rks mlds fy;s
cgqr gh vPNk gSA fdlh vkSjr dks eqLrfd+y ¼yxkrkj½ [+kwu vkrk gks rks
og vkSjr eqLrgkt+k22222 gSA
gSt+ vkSj bfLrgkt+k ds [+kwu esa QdZ gksrk gSA gSt+ dk [kwu xank
cncwnkj vkSj xk<+k gksrk gS vkSj bLrgkt+k dk [+kwu iryk gksrk gSA tc
gSt+ dk [kwu tkjh gks rks eqLrgkt+k vkSjr dks ogh djuk pkfg;s tks ,d
gSt+nkj vkSjr djrh gSA tc bfLrgkt+k dk [+kwu can gks tk;s rks og ikd
o lkQ gks xbZA vc mldks flQZ diM+s dk ,d VqdM+k ;k :bZ j[kuk
pkfg;s vkSj gj oD+r dh uekt+ ds fy;s oqT+kw djuk pkfg;s vkSj og vius11111fuQkl % og [+kwu tks vkSjr dks cPpk tuus ds ckn pkyhl fnu rd fudyrk gSA22222eqLrgkt+k % gSt+ dh eqÌr ls T+;knk [+kwu cgukA
212
“kkSgj ds fy;s gyky gks pqdhA ;g vgyscSrv-l- ls fugk;r lkfcr o
eqLrgde fjok;r gS vkSj mUgksaus eqLrgkt+k ds fy;s ;g eqLrgc d+jkj
fn;k gS fd og gj nks uekt+ ds ckn X+kqLy dj fy;k djsA og bl rjg
gS fd t+ksgj ds oD+r X+kqLy djds t+ksgj o vlz dh uekt+ i<+s fQj X+kqLy
djs rks exfjc o b”kk dh uekt+ i<+s blds ckn fQj X+kqLy djds Qtz dh
uekt+ i<+sA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ eqLrgkt+k vkSjr
lokc dh [kkfrj bl ij vey djs rks [+kqnk mldh bLrgkt+k dh chekjh
dks nwj dj nsxkA blh rjg vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- Qjekrs gS ml vkSjr ds
ckjs esa tks ikdht+xh vkSj rgkjr ds v¸;ke esa [+kwu ns[krh gks vxj og
gSt+ dk [+kwu gks rks og gSt+nkj vkSjr ds ntsZ esa gSA ml ij bl [+kwu ds
can gksus ij X+kqLy okftc gS vkSj vxj iryk [kwu gS rks ;g “kSrku dh ,d
gjdr vkSj ololk gSA ,slh gkyr esa ml vkSjr dk oqT+kw djds uekt+
i<+uh pkfg;s vkSj og vius “kkSgj ds fy;s gyky gSA ;gh lwjr ml
gkfeyk vkSjr dh gS tks gey ds v¸;ke esa [+kwu ns[krh gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ge gekjh
gSt+nkj vkSjrksa dks gqDe nsrs gS fd og gj uekt+ ds oD+r dkfey rkSj ls
oqT+kw djsa vkSj :bZ ;k diM+k j[k ys fQj fd+cyk :[k gksdj flQZ rLchg
o rdchj o rgyhy dj fy;k djsaA vkSj fdlh efLtn ds d+jhc u gksA
vkSj dqjvku ikd u i<+saA vkidh f[+kner esa ;g vtZ+ fd;k x;k fd
eqx+hjk dk ;g [;ky gS fd vkius Qjek;k gS fd gSt+nkj vkSjras d+t+k
uekt+ i<a+sA vkius Qjek;k fd eqx+hjk >wBk gSA jlwyYykglvo- dh vtokt+s
eqrggjkr esa ls fdlh tkst+k , eqrggjk ¼ikd½ vkSj gekjh vkSjrksa esa ls
fdlh vkSjr us cgkyrs gSt+ dHkh dksbZ uekt+ ugha i<+h gSA tSlk fd geus
Åij c;ku fd;k gSA egt+ rycs QT+y ds fy;s flQZ mudks ftØs bykgh
dk vez fd;k x;k gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd gSt+nkj vkSjr u
dqjvku i<+s u efLtn esa nkf[ky gksaA u uekt+ ls d+jhc gks vkSj u
gefcLrj gksaA ;gka rd fd og gSt+ ls ikd gks tk;asA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd tc efLtn esa
,vfrdkQ cka/kus okyh vkSjr dks gSt+ dk [+kwu vk tk;s rks og efLtn ls
QkSju ckgj fudy tk;sA ;gka rd fd ikd o lkQ gks tk;sA vkius ;g
Hkh Qjek;k fd tc gSt+nkj vkSjr uekt+ ds vkSd+kr esa ikd gks tk;s vkSj
X+kqLy u djds uekt+ dk oD+r t+k;s dj ns rks ml ij ml oD+r dh uekt+
213
dks d+t+k i<+uk vkSj mlds ckn tks uekt+sa mlus t+k;s dh gSa mudks d+t+k
i<+uk okftc gSA vkSj gSt+nkj vkSjr dh rgkjr vkSj mlds ikd gksus dh
;g vyker gS fd tc og :bZ van:us Qjt ¼”keZxkg ds vanj½ nkf[ky
djs rks mlesa dksbZ pht+ u yxh gksA tc ,slk gks rks fQj og ikd gks
pqdhA ml ij ml oD+r X+kqLy djuk okftc gSA il og X+kqLy djs vkSj
uekt+ i<+sA gt+jr vyhv-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd gSt+ o uQkl dk X+kqLy
tukcr ds X+kqLy ds ekfuan gSA vxj tukcr dh gkyr esa dksbZ vkSjr
gSt+nkj gks tk;s rks mldks ,d gh X+kqLy djuk dkQh gSA
bLrcjk dk c;kubLrcjk dk c;kubLrcjk dk c;kubLrcjk dk c;kubLrcjk dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke vkSj ekSykuk
vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd ,d erZck jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dks ,d “k[+l us [kkus
dh nkor nhA vkagt+jrlvo- us ml ekSds ij ,d yM+dh dks ns[kk tks [kkuk
ysdj vkrh tkrh Fkh vkSj mldk isV cM+k&lk FkkA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ml
“k[+l ls iwNk fd ;g dkSu gS\ ml “k[+l us vt+Z fd;k fd , jlwys
[+kqnklv-o- ;g ykSaM+h gSA bldks eSaus [kjhnk gSA vkius iwNk fd vkSj ;g
yM+dh ml oD+r gkfeyk Fkh\ ml “k[+l us dgk fd gkaA vkius iwNk fd
rks ;g crkvks fd rqe bl vkSjr ls d+jhc Hkh gq, gks\ ml “k[+l us dgk
fd gkaA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj rqEgkjs bl [kkus dh gqjer u gksrh rks
eSa rqe ij ,slh yvur djrk tks rqe ij rqEgkjh d+cz esa Hkh gksrh jgrhA
ml vkSjr ds isV esa tks cPpk gS mldks vkt+kn dj nksA ml “k[+l us
iwNk fd og vkt+kn gksus dk D;ksadj gd+nkj gS , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o-\
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd blfy;s fd rqEgkjs uqRQs us bl ds dku]
vka[k] [+kwu] cky vkSj [kky dks fx+t+k igq¡pkbZ gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd tc dksbZ “k[+l ,slh yM+dh
[kjhns tks gkfeyk gks rks mlds d+jhc u tk;sA ;gka rd fd og cPpk tu
pqdsA blh rjg eSnkus tax esa fxj¶rkj “kqnk vkSjrksa ls Hkh d+jhc u gksuk
pkfg;sA ;gka rd fd og cPpk tu nsA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd
tc ykSaMh ds lkFk dksbZ “k[+l gefcLrj gks pqdk gks rks mlds bLrcjk dh
eqn~nr ,d gSt+ gSA
214
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd Qjks[+r djus okys ij
bLrcjk okftc gSA vxj fdlh “k[+l us dksbZ ykSaM+h fdlh vkSjr ls [+kjhnh
rks og vxj pkgs rks gefcLrj gks ldrk gSA ysfdu [+kjhnus okys dks
blfy;s ,gfr;kru cpuk pkfg;s fd eqefdu gS fd og ykSaMh bfLrcjk
dh gkyr esa u gksA ;k ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd og fdlh vkSj ls gkfeyk
gksa vkSj cPpk [+okgeks[+kokg mldh rjQ eulwc gks tk;sA fygkt+k
[+kjhnus okys ds fy;s bfLrcjk csgrj gSA bfLrcjk dh eqn~nr ,d gSt+ gS
tks [+kjhnus vkSj cspus okys nksuksa ds fy;s dkQh gSA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k
gS fd vxj fdlh us ukckfyx+ ykSaM+h [+kjhnh gS ;k cM+h mez dh ykSaMh
[+kjhnh gS tks gSt+ ls ek;wl gks pqdh gS rks ml ij bfLrcjk okftc ugha
gSA blh rjg fdlh us ,sls “k[+l ls dksbZ ykSaM+h [kjhnh gS ftl ij mldks
Hkjkslk gS vkSj og Qjks[+r djus okyk ;g dgrk gS fd mlus bl ykSaM+h
ls bfLrcjk fd;k gS rks vxj ml “k[+l ij Hkjkslk gS rks [+kjhnus okyk
mlds lkFk vxj gefcLrj gks rks dksbZ gjt ugha gS c”krsZ fd og “k[+l
;g Hkh dgrk gks fd mlus ml vkSjr ds lkFk gefcLrjh ugha dh gSA vkSj
;g vkSjr bfLrcjk dh gkyr esa gSA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd vxj
dksbZ “k[+l viuh gh ykSaMh dks vkt+kn djds mlls C;kg djs rks cxS+j
bLrcjk ds mlds lkFk ge fcLrj gksus esa dksbZ gjt ugha gS ysfdu vxj
og fdlh vkSj ds lkFk mldh “kknh dj nsus dk bjknk j[krk gks rks ml
lwjr esa bLrcjk t+:jh gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd vxj fdlh “k[+l us dksbZ ykSaM+h
[+kjhnh gks rks og bLrcjk ds d+Cy ckslk o fdukj dj ldrk gSA vkius
,slh ykSaM+h ds ckjs esa Qjek;k tks [+kjhnh xbZ gSA ysfdu bl ckr dk [+kkSQ
gS fd dgha og gkfeyk u gks rks mlls 45 jkrksa rd fdukjk&d”k jguk
pkfg;s gt+jr vyhv-l- vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ykSaM+h us
vxj cndkjh dh rks mlls bLrcjk t+:jh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd fdlh “k[+l us fdlh
d+kSe dh yM+dh ds lkFk gjkedkjh ds lkFk gefcLrjh dh vkSj mldks
[+kjhn fy;k rks mlls tks cPpk iSnk gksxk og bldh fdlh pht+ dk
okfjl u gksxkA jlwys vdjel-v-o- dk b”kkZn gS fd
215
vyoynks fyy Qjk”k ofyy vkfgfjy gtj oynqy&Qjk”k gh ehjkl
dk ekfyd gS Qkftj ds fy;s iRFkj ;kfu dqN ugha gSA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds b”kkZn ds eqrkfcd+ okftc gS fd mlls bLrcjk
fd;k tk;sA rkfd og ,sls cPps dh eka u cus tks ehjkl dk gd+nkj u
gks ldsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ
“k[+l ,slh ykSaM+h [+kjhns tks gSt+nkj gks rks mlds fy;s tkbt+ gS fd og gSt+ can
gksus ds ckn mlds lkFk gefcLrjh djs vkSj vkius nks eeywdk cguksa ds ckjs
esa Qjek;k fd muds ekfyd dks yk;d ugha fd og nksuks ds lkFk&ftekv djs]
vxj muesa ls ,d ds lkFk gefcLrj gqvk gks rks nwljh ds lkFk gefcLrj u
gks tc rd igyh eeywdk mldh feyfd;r ls fudy u tk;s vkSj vxj
nwljh ds lkFk Hkh ge fcLrj gqvk ml gky esa fd nksuksa mldh feyfd;r esa
Fkh rks ml ij igyh eeywdk gjke gS ;gka rd fd ftlds lkFk mlus
gefcLrjh dh gS og fdlh t+:jr dh fcuk ij Qjks[+r gks dj u fudy tk;sA
ysfdu nwljh eeywdk dks igyh eeywdk ds lkFk vius fnyh yxko dh otg
ls Qjks[r u djsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,slh vkSjr tks d+Sn
djds X+kqyke cuk yh xbZ gS vkSj mldk “kkSgj ekStwn gS rks mlds lkFk ,d gSt+
rd dk bLrcjk djuk ykt+eh gSA ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck
gt+jr mej us vkils ,slh vkSjr ds ckjs esa iwNk ftldks xqaMks us x+t+c dj
fy;k FkkA vkius Qjek;k fd ftl ij t+cjnLrh vkSj tcj fd;k x;k gks ml
ij dksbZ gn tkjh ugha dh tk ldrh gSA vycÙkk mldks fdlh lkfgcs&vny
eqlyeku ds gokys dj nksA ;gka rd fd og ,d gSt+ ls bLrcjk djs vkSj
mlds ckn ml vkSjr dks mlds “kkSgj ds ikl Hkst nsuk pkfg;sA pqaukps gt+jr
mej us ,slk gh fd;k FkkA
216
lykr
217
fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghefcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghefcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghefcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghefcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe
fdrkcql lykrfdrkcql lykrfdrkcql lykrfdrkcql lykrfdrkcql lykr
uekt+sa Qt+Z gksus dk C;kuuekt+sa Qt+Z gksus dk C;kuuekt+sa Qt+Z gksus dk C;kuuekt+sa Qt+Z gksus dk C;kuuekt+sa Qt+Z gksus dk C;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUul lykr% dkur vyy eqfeuhu% fdrkce eksdwrk 5&4@103 rtqZek
% uekt+ rks bZekunkjksa ij oD+rs eqv¸;u djds ¼r; oD+r ij½ Qt+Z dh xbZ
gSA beke tkQ:Llkfnd++vl- us [kqnk oUns rvkyk ds b”kkZn ekSdwru ds ckjs
esa Qjek;k gS fd blls eqjkn eQ:t ;kfu uekt+ i<+uk Qt+Z gSA vkius
vk;rs djhek %
Qvfd+e otgd% fyíhfu guhQk 21&30@30 rtqZek % ¼, jlwyl-v-o-½ rqe
ckfry ls drjkrs gq, viuk :[k nhu dh rjQ fd;s jgks ds ckjs esa
Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk us jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dks gqDe fn;k Fkk fd gj
rjQ ls eq¡g eksM+dj fd+Cyk :[k [kM+s gks tkvks bl [kqywl ds lkFk fd
mlesa cqr ijLrh dk “kk,ck ¼vU”k½ rd u gksA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls mu
uekt+ksa ds ckjs eas iwNk x;k tks vYykg rvkyk dh rjQ ls Qt+Z dh xbZ
gSa vkius tokc fn;k fd vYykg rvkyk us “kcks jkst+ esa dqy ikap uekt+sa
Qt+Z dh gSA budk ft+Ø ijojfnxkjs vkye us viuh fdrkc dqjvku&ikd
esa fd;k gS vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd ,s Qjt+Uns jlwy D;k
bu uekt+ksa dk rt+fdjk vYYkkg ty “kku&gq us fd;k gS\ vkius Qjek;k
fd gk¡ vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
vfd+fel lykr% fynqyqfd”k “kfEl byk xl%fdy ySfy 15&17@78
rtqZek % ¼,s jlwylvo½ lwjt ds <yus ls jkr ds va/ksjs rd uekt+ ¼t+ksgj
o vlz ex+fjc o bZ”kk½ i<+k djksA il nqyqfd”k “kEl ls ;gk¡ eqjkn lwjt
218
dk t+oky ¼t+ksgj o vlz dk oD+r½ eqjkn gSA vkSj vYykg rvkyk us bl
vk;rs djhek esa t+oky ds oD+r ls ysdj jkr dh rkfjdh gksus rd ds
njfe;ku dh uekt+ksa ¼t+ksgj] vlz] ekxfjc o bZ”kk½ dk ft+Ø dj fn;k gSA
xl%fdy ySy ls vk/kh jkr rd ¼;kuh exjhc o bZ”kk dh uekt+½ eqjkn
gSA blds ckn vYykg rvkyk us Qjek;k gS %
o dqjvkuy Qftz bUu% dqjvkuy Qftz dku% e”kgwnk 15&17@78
rtqZek % vkSj uektsa+ lqcg Hkh D;ksafd lqcg dks uekt+ ij fnu vkSj jkr ds
nksuksa Qfj”rksa dh xokgh gksrh gSA il bl vk;r esa ikapoh uekt+ lqcg
dk rt+fdjk gSA blds vykok nwljs ed+ke ij b”kkZns ckjh gS fd %
o vfd+fel lykr% rj% Qf;u ugkfj 12&11@114 rtqZek % ¼vkSj ,s
jlwyl-v-o-½ fnu ds nksuksa fdukjs uekt+ i<+k djksA bl vk;rs djhek esa
fnu ds nksuksa fdukjksa ls Qtz vkSj ex+fjc dh uekt+ eqjkn gS vkSj t+qyQe
feuy ySy ;kfu dqN jkr xbZ uekt+ i<+k djksA blls uekt+s bZ”kk edlwn
gS vkSj vYykg rvkyk dk ;s Hkh b”kkZn gS fd %
gkfQt+w vyl lyokfr oLlykfry oqLrk 2&2@238 rtqZek % ¼eqlyekuksa½
rqe reke uekt+ksa dh ¼vkSj [kqlwlu½ chp okyh uekt+ ¼lqcg ;k t+kSgj ;k
vlz½ dh ikcUnh djksA ;w¡ rks lykfr oqLrk chp okyh uekt+ ls uekt+s
tqeqvk eqjkn gS exj tqeqvk ds vykok nwljs fnuksa esa lykfr oqLrk chp
okyh uekt+s tkSgj eqjkn gSA bLyke esa uekt+s t+ksgj lcls igyh uekt+
gS ftls jlwyYykgl-v-o- us i<+h Fkh ;s fnu esa i<+h tkus okyh uekt+ksa ;kuh
lqcg vkSj vlz dh uekt+ ds njfe;ku ¼t+ksgj dh uekt+ ;kfu lykrs
oqLrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l-- ls fjok;r gS fd vYykg rvkyk us
igys rks “kcks jkst+ esa dqy ipkl uekts+ QtZ+ dh Fkh ysfdu ckn esa
vYykg rvkyk us viuh e[+kywd+ ij jge Qjekdj mu ipkl uekt+ksa dks
i¡pxkuk uekt+ esa rCnhy dj fn;kA okfd+vk ;w¡ c;ku fd;k tkrk gS fd
vYykg rvkyk us tc vius iSxEcj ljdkjs nks vkyel-v-o- dks esvjkt dk
219
“kjQ c[“kk Fkk ml oD+r vki reke vfEc;kv-l- ds ikl ls xqt+js Fks exj
muesa ls fdlh uch us dqN u iwNk ysfdu tc vkil-v-o- gt+jr ewlkv-l- ds
ikl ls xqt+js rks mUgksaus Qjkbt+ ds ckj esa vkils iwNk vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
mudks lc dqN crk fn;kA gt+jr ewlkvl- us Qjek;k fd ,s eqgEenl-v-o-
vius jc dh ckjxkg esa okil tkvks vkSj vt+Z djks fd ckjs bykgk! rw esjh
mEer ij bu Qjkbt+ esa ls r[kQhQ ¼deh½ Qjek nsA ,s eqgEenlvo-! ;s
blfy;s fd eSa cuh bLjkbZy dh brkvr ls vPNh rjg okfd+Q gw¡ D;ksafd
eq> ij Hkh tc Qjkbt+ ukft+y gq, Fks rks mu Qjkbt+ us cuh bLjkbZy
dks equdj cuk fn;k Fkk vkSj mUgksaus rkvr ls badkj fd;k FkkA ;s lqudj
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- okil ykSVs vkSj ijojfnxkjs vkye ls vt+Z fd;k rks
vYykg rvkyk us ik¡p uekt+ dks vkSj de dj fn;kA tc ewlkvl- dks
bldh [kcj nh xbZ rks mUgksaus dgk fd fQj okil tkvks pqukaps fQj ik¡p
uekt+sa de gks xbZ] blh rjg gt+jr ewlkv-l- vkidks okil djrs jgs ;gk¡
rd fd tc flQZ ik¡p uekts+ ckd+h jg xbZ rks ml oD+r jlwys [kqnkl-v-
o- dks ckjxkgs bykgh es tkdj vt+Z djus ls “keZ o g;k eglwl gqbZA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us bl okfdvk dks c;ku djus ds ckn Qjek;k
fd vYykg rvkyk gt+jr ewlkv-l- dks bl mEer dh rjQ ls tt+k, [kSj
vrk djsaA
bu ik¡p uekt+ksa esa dqN lrjkg jdvkr uekts+s rks Qt+Z gSa t+ksgj dh
uekt+ pkj jdvkr gSa ftlesa vk;rs dqjvkuh dh fdjkvr e[kQh i<+h
tkrh gS vkSj gj nks jdvkr ds ckn r”kkgqn ds fy;s nks erZck cSBk tkrk
gS vkSj gj tqyql ds oD+r ¼cSBrs½ nqvk&,&r”kkgqn i<+h tkrh gS vlz dh
uekt+ Hkh blh rjg ls gSA vkSj ex+fjc dh uekt+ dqy rhu jdvkr gS
igyh nks jdvkrksa esa fdjkvr cqyUn vkokt+ ls i<+h tkrh gSA nks jdvkr
ds ckn cSBrs oD+r r”kkgqn i<+k tkrk gS blds ckn mBdj ,d jdvkr
uekt+ e[kQh fdjkvr ds lkFk i<+h tkrh gS blds ckn uekt+ i<+us okyk
cSBdj r”kkgqn i<+rk gS vkSj lyke QSjrk gSA bZ”kk dh uekt+ Hkh t+ksgj
gh dh uekt+ dh rjg ls gSA vycÙkk bZ”kk dh uekt+ esa “kq: dh nks
jdvkrksa esa fdjkvr cqyUn vkokt+ ls i<+h tkrh gS vkSj Qtz dh uekt+
nks jdvkr gS ftles fdjkvr cqyUn vkokt+ ls i<+h tkrh gS vkSj nwljh
jdkvr esa :dwv ls igys nqvk&,&dquwr i<+h tkrh gSA il ;s iapxkuk
uekt+ksa dh jdvkrks dh rknkn gSA tks Qt+Z gS bl ij reke eqlyekuksa
220
dk bÙksQkd+ gS] vkSj lqUurs Qjkbt+ ls nks xquh ;kuh 34 jdvkrs gSa]
bU”kkvYykg ge mudh rknkn dk ft+Ø vkbUnk djsaxsA
uekt+ dh rjxhc vkSj blds reke djus dk gqDe vkSjuekt+ dh rjxhc vkSj blds reke djus dk gqDe vkSjuekt+ dh rjxhc vkSj blds reke djus dk gqDe vkSjuekt+ dh rjxhc vkSj blds reke djus dk gqDe vkSjuekt+ dh rjxhc vkSj blds reke djus dk gqDe vkSj
lokc dk c;kulokc dk c;kulokc dk c;kulokc dk c;kulokc dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- ls ejoh
gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd viuh tkuksa dks futkr fnykvksA
vey djksA rqEgkjk lcls csgrj vey uekt+ gS vkSj vkius ;s Hkh Qjek;k
gS fd uekt+ gj eqRrd+h ds fy;s dqjcrs byYykg dk t+fj;k gSaA vkSj
tcfd gj pht+ ds eq¡g gksrs gSa rks rqEgkjs nhu dk eq¡g uekt+ gSaA
gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd eSa rqe yksxksa dks ml uekt+ dh
olh;r djrk gw¡ tks nhu dk [kack gS] vkSj ftl ij bLyke dh cqfu;kn
gSA fygkt+k rqe yksx uekt+ ls dHkh xkfQy u jgukA
beke ckfd+jv-l us vius fdlh f”kvk ls Qjek;k Fkk fd rqe gekjs
ftu nksLrksa ls Hkh feyks mudks gekjk lyke igq¡pk nks vkSj muls dgks fd
eSa [kqnk ds ut+nhd rqedks t+ksgn o rd+ok ds cxSj dksbZ Qk;nk ugha
igq¡pk ldrk fygkt+k rqe viuh t+ckuksa ij d+kcw j[kks vkSj vius gkFkksa dks
x+yr dkeksa ls jksdks] vkSj lcz o uekt+ ij ykft+e jgks ^bUuYykg evl
lkfcjhu cs”kd vYykg rvkyk lcz djus okyksa ds lkFk gS*A beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++vl dk b”kkZn gS fd eSa ekvfjQrs bykgh ds ckn uekt+ ds
flok fdlh vkSj pht+ dks T+;knk vQt+y ugha le>rk gw¡A
gt+jr vyhv-l dk b”kkZn gS fd uekt+ nhu dk mewn ¼[kack½ gS]
vYykg rvkyk d+;ker ds jkst+ tc bCus vkne ds vkeky ij ut+j
Mkysxk rks lcls igys uekt+ ij ut+j MkysxkA vxj uekt+ nq:Lr
fudyh rks fQj ckd+h vey ij ut+j djsxk vkSj vxj uekt+ nq:Lr uk
fudyh rks fQj fdlh vey dh rjQ fuxkg u djsxkA ftl “k[l us
uekt+ dks rdZ fd;k mlds fy;s nhu o bLyke esa dksbZ fgLlk ulhc ugha
gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k gS
fd “kSrku ml eqvfeu cUns ls ges”kk Mjrk gSA tks i¡pxkuk uekt+ ij
221
ykft+e jgrk gS vkSj tc oks uekt+s ugha i<+rk gS rks ml ij tqjZvr djds
mldks cM+s&cM+s xqukgksa esa eqcfryk dj nsrk gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l dk b”kkZn gS fd tc cUnk uekt+ dh gkyr esa gksrk
gS rks oks ml oD+r vYykg ty lqCgkugq ls cgqr T+;knk d+jhc gksrk gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd ftl
“k[l us dkfey rkSj ls oqtqv fd;k vkSj c&gqLu o [kqch uekt+ vnk dh
vkSj vius veoky dh t+dkr vnk dh vkSj vius xqLls dks jksdk vkSj
viuh t+cku dks cn&dykeh ls cUn j[kk vkSj dkjs&[kSj fd;k vkSj vius
jc ls ekQh ekaxh vkSj esjs vgys cSrv-l dh [kSj [okgh dh rks mlus bZeku
dh gd+hd+rksa dks ik fy;k] mlds fy;s tUur ds njokts+ [kqys gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l vdlj Qjek;k djrs Fks fd ,s bYe ds ryk”k
djus okys uekt+ i<+ks blls d+Cy ds rq>s ¼ekSr ekSd+k u ns½ bl ckr ij
dqnjr gkfly gks fd rw jkr vkSj fnu esa dksbZ uekt+ i<+ ldsA uekt+ dh
felky uekt+ i<+us okys ds fy;s oSlh gh gS tSls fd ,d “k[l tc fdlh
ckn”kkg ds njckj esa gkft+j gksrk gS rks fugk;r [kkeks”k vkSj vnc ds
lkFk [kM+k jgrk gSA ;gka rd fd oks viuh t+:jr ls Qkfjx+ gks tkrk gSA
;gh gky eqlyeku dk gS tcfd oks uekt+ dh gkyr esa ckjxkgs bykgh
es is”k gksrk gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd
tUur esa ,d nj[r gS ftldh tM+ ls fpr dczsa ?kksM+s fudysaxs tks ey
ew= ls ikd gksaxs mu ij t+hu vkSj yxke gksxh ;s yxkesa lksus dh gksaxh
vkSj t+hu eksrh vkSj ;kdwr dh gksxh mu ?kksM+ksa ij vgys bYyh;hu ¼tUur
esa ,d njtk gS½ lokj gksaxs tc oks lokj gksdj vius ls uhps njts ds
yksxksa ds ikl ls gksdj xqt+jsxs rks ml oD+r ml tUur ds yksx dgsaxs fd
ijojfnxkj! rwus vius bu cUnksa dks fdl otg ls bT+t+r o djker vrk
dh gS\ rks mudks tokc fn;k tk;sxk fd ;s yksx fnu esa jkst+k j[krs Fks
vkSj rqe yksx [kwc [kkrs&ihrs Fks ;s yksx jkr dks mBdj uekt+s i<+rs Fks
vkSj rqe yksx [kwc vkjke ls lksrs Fks] ;s yksx lndk o [kSjkr djrs Fks vkSj
rqe c[kkyr vkSj datwlhiuk djrs Fks] vkSj ;s yksx [kqnk dh jkg esa ftgkn
djrs Fks vkSj rqe cqt+fnyh dk eqt+kfgjkg djrs FksA jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us ;s
Hkh Qjek;k gS fd tc dksbZ “k[l ,slk xqukg djs ftlls [kkSQt+nk gks rks
mldks vPNh rjg oqtqv djds eSnku esa ,sls edku ij pys tkuk pkfg;s
222
tgka mldks dksbZ Hkh u ns[k lds ogk¡ nks 2 jdvkr uekt+ i<+s fQj nqvk
djs fd ijojfnxkj esjs Qqyka&Qqyka xqukg ekQ dj ns ;s uekt+ mlds
fy;s crkSj d¶Qkjk gS vkSj ;s d¶Qkjk [kqnk csgrj tkurk gS mu xqukgksa
ds fy;s gS tks mlds vkSj cUnksa ds njfe;ku gksrs gSA ysfdu tks xqukg
e[kywd+ ds lkFk gksrs gS mu xqukgksa dh rkSck ed+cwy ugha flok, blds fd
yksx [kqn ekQ dj nsa ;k fQj mudh yh gqbZ phtsa+ muds gkFkks dks ykSVk
nh tk;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k b”kkZn ckjh gSa fd %
oy yt+hu% gqe vyk lyokfrfge ;qgkfQt+wu 18&23@9 rtqZek & vkSj
oks yksx tks viuh uekt+ksa dh ikcUnh fd;k djrs gSA bl vk;rs djhek
ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd blls Qt+Z uekt+ eqjkn gSA ;kfu ftl “k[l us
mudks oD+r eqd+jZj ij vnk fd;k vkSj muds gqdqd+ dks igpkuk vkSj mu
ij fdlh vkSj pht+ dks rjthg u nh rks vYykg rvkyk mldks nkst+[k
ls cjkvr dk ijokuk fy[k nsxk vkSj mldks vt+kc esa eqcfryk uk
djsxkA vkSj ftlus oD+r ij uekt+ u i<+h vkSj mlds gqdqd+ dks u
igpkuk ml ij nwljh pht+ dks rjthg nh rks vc mldk ekeyk [kqnk
oUns rvkyk ds b[kfr;kj esa gksxk pkgs rks oks mldks ekQ dj nsxk ;k
vt+kc es eqfCryk dj nsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd ,d erZck ,d “k[l us
vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gksdj vt+Z fd;k fd ,s jlwys [kqnkl-
v-o-- vki vYykg ls nqvk djsa fd oks eq>s nkf[kys tUur dj ns vkius
mlls Qjek;k fd ns[kks eSa rks rqEgkjs fy;s nqvk d:¡xk ysfdu rqe
cdljr ltnksa ls ¼;kfu uekt+ ls½ esjh enn djksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd iapxkuk uekt+ mu
xqukgksa dk d¶Qkjk gS tks bu uekt+ksa ds njfe;ku NksVs&NksVs xqukg gksrs
gS tc rd fd rqe cM+s&cM+s xqukg ds dke u djksxs vkSj uekt+ gh ds
eqrkfYyd+ vYykg rvkyk us ;s Hkh Qjek;k gS fd %
223
bUuy gl%ufr ;qt+fgc&ul&lf;~;vkfr t+kfyd% ft+djk fyT+t+kfdjhu
12&11@114 rtqZek % ¼uekt+s i<+k djks½ D;ksafd usdh;ka ;d+huu xqukg dks
nwj dj nsrh gS vkSj gekjh ;kn djus okyksa ds fy;s ;s ckrs ulhgr vkSj
bcjr gSA
jlwyl-v-o- dk b”kkZn gS fd lcls cM+k pksj oks gS tks viuh uekt+
dh pksjh djrk gS ;kfu Qjkbt+ dks cjkcj vnk ugha djrk gSA vkil-v-o-
us ;s Hkh Qjek;k gS fd ftl “k[l us viuk oqtqv] :dwv] lqtqn vkSj
[kq”kqv iwjh rjg ls vnk u fd;k rks mldh uekt+ cs urhtk ;kfu ukfd+l
vkSj uk eqdfEey gksxhA vkSj veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd
uekt+ ,d eht+ku gS ftlus iwjh rjg ls vnk fd;k mldks iwjk&iwjk
cnyk feysxkA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd vxj reDdqu ¼bfReuku½ ds lkFk
gh nks 2 jdvkr uekt+ i<+ yh tk;s rks jkr Hkj dh jkr Hkj tkxus ls
csgrj gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd tks “k[l viuh uekt+ dks
vPNh rjg ls vnk ugha djrk gS mldh felky ml gkfeyk vkSjr dh
gS tks gkfeyk rks gksrh gS ysfdu tc tuus dk oD+r d+jhc gksrk gS rks
viuk gey fxjk nsrh gSA il u rks oks gkfeyk jgh vkSj u mldks dksbZ
vkSykn gqbZA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd tc dksbZ eqlYyh
uekt+ i<+rk gS rc vkleku dh cqyfUn;ksa ls ml ij jger ukft+y gksrh
gS vkSj eykbd+k mldks vius gyd+s esa ys ysrs gSa vkSj ,d Qfj”rk funk
djrk gS fd vxj uekt+ i<+us okyk ;s tku tk;s fd mlds fy;s uekt+
esa D;k vtjks lokc gS rks oks dHkh mlls eq¡g u fQjk,xkA
vkius ;s Hkh Qjek;k gS fd [kqnk ds ut+nhd lcls T+;knk ilanhnk
vey uekt+ gS uekt+ vafc;k&,&fdjke dh vkf[kjh olh;r gSA blls
T+;knk dksbZ dke vPNk ugha gS fd ,d “k[l xqLy djus ds ckn eqdfEey
rkSj ls oqtqv djs fQj oks eSnku esa ,slh txg pyk tk;s tgk¡ dksbZ mldk
vuhl u gks rks vYykg rvkyk cgkyr :dwv o lqtqn mldh rjQ
eqroTtk gksrk gS vkSj tc dksbZ cUnk ltnk djrk gS rks bCyhl vkokt+
nsrk gS fd ,s ok, vQlksl bl “k[l us rks brkvr dh vkSj eSus
ukQjekuh dh] bl “k[l us ltnk fd;k vkSj eSus ltnk ls bUdkj fd;k]
tc cUnk ltnk djrk gS rks ml oD+r vYykg ls T+;knk d+jhc gksrk gSA
224
beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd tc cUnk eqfLye viuh uekt+
esa rdchj&rqy&,gjke djrk gS rks vYykg rvkyk mldh rjQ eqroTtk
gks tkrk gS vkSj ml ij ,d Qfj”rs dks eqd+jZj Qjek nsrk gS tks mlds
eq¡g ls dqjvku dks pqu ysrk gSA vkSj tc uekt+ ls eq¡g fQjk ysrk gS rks
vYykg rvkyk Hkh mlls eq¡g Qsj ysrk gS vkSj mldks Qfj”rs ds gokys
dj nsrk gSA
uekt+ ds vkSd+kr ¼oD+r½ dk c;kuuekt+ ds vkSd+kr ¼oD+r½ dk c;kuuekt+ ds vkSd+kr ¼oD+r½ dk c;kuuekt+ ds vkSd+kr ¼oD+r½ dk c;kuuekt+ ds vkSd+kr ¼oD+r½ dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd gj
uekt+ ds fy;s nks oD+r gSA ,d vOoy oD+r gS vkSj nwljk vkf[kj oD+r
gSA ysfdu vOoy oD+r vQt+y gSA fdlh dks bl ckr dk bf[r;kj ugha
gS fd oks nksuks oD+rksa esa ls vkf[kj oD+r dks gh viuk oD+r cuk ysA vkf[kj
oD+r rks egt chekj vkSj ekvT+kwj ds fy;s j[kk x;k gSA vOoy oD+r esa
vYykg rvkyk dh [kq”kuqnh gkfly gksrh gS vkSj vkf[kjh oD+r esa rks
vYykg ex+fQjr djrk gS vkSj ex+fQjr fdlh rd+lhj dh fcuk ij gksrh
gS rd+lhj ;gh gS fd ,d “k[l vkf[kj oD+r esa uekt+ i<+rk gS mldk
tks oD+r mlls QkSr gks x;k gS oks mlds vgyks v;ky vkSj eky o t+j
ls vQt+y FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd fdlh lk;knkj pht+
dks eqvrfny ¼mi;qDr½ vkSj lh/kh txg esa fnu ds vkxkt esa ulc dj
fn;k tk;s rks mldk lk;k /khjs&/khjs ex+fjc dh rjQ c<+rk tk;sxk fQj
,d gn rd igq¡pus ds ckn fldqM+uk vkSj de gksuk “kq: dj nsxk ;gk¡
rd fd oks fcYdqy Bgj tk;sxk ;s ml oD+r gksrk gS tcfd lwjt
e”kfjd o ex+fjc ds njfe;ku vkleku ds chpks&chp es vk tkrk gSA
fQj mlds ckn lwjt dk t+oky gksrk gS vkSj mldh e”kh;r ds eqrkfcd+
oks pyrk gSA lk;k rks cjd+jkj jgrk gS ysfdu mldh gjdr ekywe ugha
gksrhA fQj mlds ckn oks lk;k T+;knrh dh rjQ gjdr djrk gS
fygkt+k tc mldh gjdr ekywe gks tk;s rks mlh dks t+ksgj dk igyk
oD+r le>uk pkfg;sA yksxksa us t+ksgj vkSj vlj vkSj fnu ds vkSd+kr dh
225
cgqr lh fu”kkfu;k¡ vkSj vuqeku cuk fy;s gS ftudk foLrkj ds lkFk
c;ku djuk bl fdrkc dh gn ls ckgj gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd tc
lwjt dk t+oky gks tk;s rks t+kSgj o vlj nksuksa uekt+ksa dk oD+r gks tkrk
gSA t+ksgj dh uekt+ i<+ pqdus ds ckn uekt+s vlj i<+us esa dksbZ pht+
vjpu ugha flok, ml ukfQyk ;k rlchg ds tks t+ksgj ds ckn vkSj
vlj ds igys i<+h tkrh gSA vxj pkgs rks mldks bruk yEck dj ns fd
dqN vjlk xqt+j tk;s ;k fQj b[kfrlkj ls dke ysA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ,d erZck vius ,d lgkch ds lkFk e”kfjcrs
bczkfge ¼enhuk esa ,d Vsdjh dk uke gS½ dh tkfuc fudy iM+s vkSj fQj
ml Vsdjh ij p<+dj uhps mrj vk, vkSj ml “k[l ls iwNk fd crkvks
rks lwjt dk t+oky gks pqdk gS\ ml “k[l us vt+Z fd;k fd ekSyk vki
ij eSa dqjckZu gks tkÅ eq>ls T+;knk vkidks bldk bYe gS ;s lqudj
vkius ut+j mBkdj ns[kk vkSj Qjek;k fd t+oky dk oD+r gks pqdk gS
vkius vt+ku nh vkSj ,d [ktwj ds ikl tkdj t+oky dh uekt+ ;kfu
t+ksgj dh uekt+ ls igys lqUur dh uekt+ vnk dh mlds ckn vkius
bd+ker dgh vkSj ,d nwljh [ktwjh ds ikl r”kjhQ ys x;s ogka ij vkius
ml “k[l dks vius nk;sa rjQ [kM+k fd;k vkSj t+ksgj dh pkj jdvkr
uekt+ i<+hA blds ckn nwljh [ktwjh ds ikl t+ksgj ds ckn dh pkj
jdvkr lqUur vnk dh mlds ckn vkius vt+ku nsdj pkj jdvkr
lqUur uekt+ i<+hA blds ckn bd+ker dgdj vkius vlj dh uekt+
i<+hA bu nksuksa uekt+ksa ds njfe;ku Qd+r rLchg dk gh oD+Qk FkkA t+ksgj
o vlj dh uekt+ksa ds bu vkSd+kr ij bÙksQkd+ gS vkSj fQj bu nksuksa
uekt+ks ds vkSd+kr esa dq”kknxh ¼yEck oD+r½ gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls ejoh gS vki Qjekrs gS fd vlj dh
uekt+ dk vkf[kjh oD+r ;s gS fd lwjt ihyk iM+ tk;sA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd vlj dh uekt+
ml oD+r i<+ks tcfd lwjt lkQ o f”kQkQ ¼pedhyk½ gks ;kfu blls
igys fd lwjt dk jax cny tk;s ;k oks ihyk iM+ tk;sA tSlk fd tkfgy
voke ml oD+r vlj dh uekt+ i<+rs gSA oks bl ckjs esa jlwys [kqnkl-v-
o- dh gnhl Hkh is”k djrs gS ysfdu tc ;s yksx bl ckjs esa vbEek vkys
eqgEen lyokrqYykg vysfge ds bl d+kSy ls okfd+Q gq, ftldk ft+Ø
226
geus budh rjQ bufrlkc ¼b”kkjk½ djrs gq, fd;k gS fd tc lwjt dk
t+oky gks tkrk gS rks lkFk gh lkFk t+ksgj vkSj vlj dh uekt+ dk oD+r
Hkh gks tkrk gS rks voke esa ls dqN yksx Hkh blds d+kby gks x;s fQj Hkh
bu yksxksa us vlj ds oD+r esa gn ls T+;knk nsjh djus dh jhr j[kh egt+
vkSfy;k mYykg dh eq[kkfyQr dh xjt+ ls vYykg rvkyk mUgs vkSfy;k
mYykg dh eq[kkfyQr djus dh otg ls vt+kc es eqfCryk dj nsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke ls ejoh gS
fd ex+fjc dh uekt+ dk igyk oD+r ;s gS fd lwjt Mwc tk;s vkSj lwjt
ds Mwcus dk eryc ;s gS fd lwjt dk xksyk if”peh f{kfrt esa bl rjg
ls Mwc tk;s fd f{kfrt ds njfe;ku dksbZ pht+ ,slh :dkoV u gks tSls
igkM+ ;k nhokj oxS+jkg tc xksyk xk;c gks tk;s rks oks uekts+ ex+fjc dk
igyk oD+r gS bl ij lcdk bÙksQkd+ gS vkSj vxj dksbZ pht+ lwjt vkSj
f{kfrt ds njfe;ku :dkoV gks tk;s ml oD+r lwjt dk xksyk Mwcus dh
fu”kkuh ;g gS fd iqoZ esa f{kfrt ij dkyd Nk tk;sA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- dk ;gh b”kkZn gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ;gka ls jkr fudys
rks ex+fjc dk oD+r gks tkrk gS vkSj ml oD+r vkius e”kfjd+ dh tkfuc
b”kkjk Qjek;k FkkA vcqy [kRRkkc us beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dks Qjekrs
gq, lquk fd tc lq[khZ ;gk¡ ls xk;c gks tk;s rks ml oD+r ex+fjc dk
oD+r gksrk gS vkSj vkius e”kfjd+ dh tkfuc b”kkjk Qjek;k FkkA ysfdu
tc vcqy [kRrkc us cgqr lh fcnvrks dks tkjh fd;k rks ml oD+r mlus
vius vlgkc ls dgk fd ex+fjc dh uekt+ dk vOoy oD+r mQ+qds ex+fjc
ls lq[khZ dk xk;c gks tkuk gSA vcqy [kRrkc us bruk gh ugha dgk cfYd
;gk¡ rd dgk fd ex+fjc dh uekt+ rqe ml oD+r rd u i<+ks tc rd
fd flrkjs vkleku ij fc[kj u tk;s tc beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- dks
bldh [kcj gqbZ rks vkius ml ij ykvur Hksth vkSj Qjek;k fd tks
“k[l flrkjksa ds fudyus rd tku cw>dj uekt+s ex+fjc NksM+ nsxk rks
eSa mlls cjh gw¡A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd b”kk dh uekt+ dk
vOoy oD+r “kQd+ ¼ykfyek½ dk xk;c gks tkuk gSA “kQd+ ml lq[khZ dks
dgrs gS tks lwjt ds xq:c ds ckn mQq+d+s ex+fjc esa fn[kkbZ nsrh gS vkSj
b”kk dh uekt+ dk vkf[kjh oD+r fuLQqyySy ;kuh vk/kh jkr rd gSA
227
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd
lykrqy ySy ¼;kuh rgTtqn dh uekt+½ uekt+s b”kk i<+us ds ckn vOoy
“kc ls ysdj vkf[kjh jkr rd tc rqe pkgksa i<+ ldrs gks vkSj lykrqy
ySy ¼rgTtqn½ ds ckn uekt+ orz i<+uh pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- Qjekrs gS fd Qtz dh nks 2 jdvkr
uekt+ dk oD+r Qtz ds QSy tkus ds ckn gSA vkils ;s Hkh ejoh gS fd
Qtz gksus ls d+Cy bu nks jdvkrksa ds i<+us esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gS blesa cM+h
dq”kknxh gSA D;ksafd Qtz dh ;s nks jdvkr uekt+ mu Qjkbt+ esa nkf[ky
ugha gS ftudk geus ft+Ø fd;k gS ;s rks lqUur dh nks jdvkr uekt+ gSA
oD+r dh rtnhn ¼gn½ vkSj ikcUnh rks Qt+Z uekt+ esa ykt+eh gSA ysfdu
Qtz dh ;s nks jdvkr uekt+ rqyqv Qtz ds ckn i<+uk pkfg;s D;ksafd ;s
nksukssa jdvkrsa Qtz dh rjQ eulwc gSa fd ftl rjg ls fd rqe gj uekt+
dh lqUur mlds oD+r esa i<+rs gks mlds oD+r ls igys ugha i<+rsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd uekt+s
Qtz dk vOoy oD+r e”kfjd ds mQqd+ ¼{kfrt½ esa lQsnh dk uewnkj
¼t+kfgj½ gksuk gS vkSj bldk vkf[kjh oD+r ;s gS fd ex+fjc dh tkfuc
lq[khZ QSy tk;s d+Cy blds fd e”kfjd+ ds mQqd+ ls lwjt dk nk;jk t+jkZ
cjkcj Hkh uewnkj gks ml oD+r rd uekt+ esa nsjh uk djuh pkfg;s c”krsZa
fd rk[khj dk dksbZ otg vkSj dksbZ lcc gks ysfdu vOoy oD+r esa uekt+
i<+uk vQt+y gSA geus mQqd+s e”kfjd esa ftl lQsnh ¼Qtz½ ds QSyus
dk ft+Ø fd;k gS rks ekywe gksuk pfkg, fd vjc Qtz vOoy dks
tucql&ljgku ¼>qBh Qtz½ dgrs gS fd blls eqjkn oks jks”kuh gS tks
lwjt ds rqyqv gksus ds eqd+ke ls tjk&tjk uewnkj gksrh gS tSls fpjkx
dh jks”kuh rks ml oD+r u uekt+ i<+uk okftc gS vkSj u jkst+knkj ij
[kkuk&ihuk gjke gksrk gS fQj ;s jks”kuh mQqd+ ds nk,a&ck,a rjQ QSy
tkrh gS tc ,slk gks rks mlh dks Qtzs lkuh le>uk pkfg;s vkSj ;gh
uekts+ Qtz dk vOoy oD+r gS bl oD+r jkst+knkj ij [kkuk&ihuk ftekv
djuk gjke gks tkrk gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls ejoh gS nksuksa
bekeSu vd+nlSu Qjekrs gSa fd vxj rqe ij Qt+Z uekt+ tks QkSr gks xbZ
gS rks i<+uk pkgks rks tc rd ml QtZ+ dks vnk u dj yks ukfQyr dh
uekt+ u i<+ks beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ijojfnxkjs vkye Qjht+k
228
dh vnk,xh ds ckn gh ukfQyr dks d+cwy Qjekrk gSA ,d “k[l us
vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k ;s fdl rjg ls gS eSa vki ij dqckZu tkÅ\
vkius Qjek;k fd rqe [kqn lkspks fd vxj rqe ij ekgs jet+ku dk ,d
Hkh jkst+k ckd+h gks rks D;k rqe mldks d+t+k j[kus ls igys dksbZ rRroksv
dk jkst+k j[k ldrs gks\ ml “k[l us vt+Z fd;k fd ugha vkius Qjek;k
fd ;gh gky uekt+ dk gS fd ,sls gh QkSr “kqnk uekt+s Hkh eqefdu gS
tcfd vk[kjh oD+r esa dksbZ eqlYyh uQy uekt+ i<+uk “kq: djs vkSj
Qt+Z uekt+ dk oD+r xqt+j tkrk gks rks ml ij okftc gS fd oks igys
QtZ+ uekt+ i<+s vkSj vxj uekt+ dk vOoy oD+r gks vkSj oks uQy uekt+
i<+us ds ckn oD+r xqt+jus ls igys Qt+Z uekt+ vnk i<+ ldrk gks rks fQj
oks uQy uekt+ i<+ ldrk gSA ge bU”kkYYkkg vkbUnk Qt+Z vkSj lqUur
uekt+ i<+us dh dSfQ;r c;ku djsaxsA
beke tkQj fcu eqgEenv-l- ls fjok;r gS vki l[r xehZ ds fnuksa
ess t+ksgj dh uekt+ essa bcjkn xjeh dh f”kn~nr esa deh gksus rd ;kfu
t+oky ds ckn tjk rk[khj ls uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe Qjekrs FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke vkSj gt+jr
vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd tqevk dh uekt+ t+oky ds oD+r gh i<+uh pkfg;sA
blh rjg vkils ;s Hkh fjok;r gS fd vkius lQj esa t+ksgj o vlz
vkSj ex+fjc o b”kk dks ,d lkFk i<+us dh btkt+r nh gS vkSj ftu
efLtnksa esa tekvr ds lkFk uekt+ gksrh gks rks mues gtj ¼?kj½ dh gkyr
esa vxj dksbZ [kkl mt+j elyu ckfj”k gks ;k l[r lnhZ gks ;k gok
pyrh gks ;k vU/ksjk gks rks ,d vt+ku vkSj nks bd+ker ls nks uekt+s ,d
lkFk i<+h tk ldrh gSA bldh lwjr ;s gS fd vt+ku o bd+ker dg dj
igyh uekt+ i<+ yh tk;s fQj lyke QSjus ds ckn mBdj bd+ker dgus
ds ckn nwljh uekt+ i<+ yh tk;sA bl lwjr esa igyh uekt+ vk[kjh oD+r
esa i<+uk eqLrfgc gSA vkSj nwljh uekt+ vOoy oD+r esa eqLrfgc gSA vxj
nksuksa uekts+ igys oD+r ds vUnj gh i<+ yh tk;s rks dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
;s lwjr egt ex+fjc o b”kk dh uekt+ esa eqefdu gSA jgh t+ksgj o vlz
dh uekt+ rks geus Åij ft+Ø dj fn;k gS fd tc lwjt dk toky gks
tk;s rks tksgj o vlz nksukas uekt+ksa dk oD+r gks tkrk gS vxj fdlh “k[l
dh dksbZ uekt+ QkSr gks xbZ gks rks tc ;kn vk, rks mldks d+t+k i<+ ysuh
pkfg;sA
229
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck jlwys
[kqnklvo- vius lQj ds njfe;ku ,d oknh esa Bgjs tgka vkil-v-o- us jkr
clj dhA vkius vius vlgkc ls Qjek;k fd vkt dh “kc dkSu gekjh
fuxjkuh djsxk\ gt+jr fcykyj t us dgk fd eSa ;s f[kner vutke
nwaxkA pwukaps vkagt+jrl-v-o- vkSj vkids reke vlgkc lks x;s vkSj ml
oD+r mBs tc lwjt dh jks”kuh cgqr rst gks xbZ FkhA jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
fcyky ls nj;k¶r Qjek;k fd ,s fcyky ;s D;k ckr gS\ mUgksaus vt+Z
fd;k fd ftl rjg ls vki yksxksa ij uhan dk x+yck gks x;k Fkk mlh
rjg eq> ij Hkh uhan dk x+yck gks x;k FkkA jlwys vdjel-v-o- us ;s
lqudj b”kkZn Qjek;k fd ,slh oknh ls tYn fudy tkvks tgka rqe ij
uhan dk x+yck gks x;k gS D;ksafd rqeus vkt dh jkr “kSrku dh oknh esa
xqt+kjh gS vkius bruk Qjekus ds ckn oqtq+ fd;k vkSj yksxksa us oqtq+ fd;k
vkSj fcykyj-t- dks vt+ku dk gqDe fn;kA mugksaus vt+ku nh vkius Qtz
dh nks jdvkr lqUur i<+h fQj bd+ker dgus ds ckn nks 2 jdvkr Qt+Z
uekt+ i<+hA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd ftl
“k[l dh uekt+ QkSr gks xbZ gks vkSj nqljh uekt+ dk oD+r gks pqdk gks
rks vxj oD+r dq”kknkg gks rks igys d+t+k uekt+ i<+s] fQj nwljh uekt+
i<+s vkSj vxj oD+r bruk gh gks fd oks flQZ ogha uekt+ i<+ ldrk gS
ftldk oD+r gqvk gS rks igys mls i<+s fQj mlds ckn QkSr “kqnk uekt+
dks d+t+k i<+sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls ejoh gS fd ,d erZck ,d “k[l us
vkils iwNk fd ,s QjtUns jlwyl-v-o- vki ml “k[l ds ckjs esa D;k
Qjekrs gS tks t+ksgj dh uekt+ dks Hkwy x;k vkSj mlus vlz dh nks
jdvkr uekt+ i<+ yh vkius Qjek;k fd ml “k[l ij ykft+e gS fd mu
nks jdvkrksa dks t+ksgj dh uekt+ d+jkj ns mlds ckn vlz dh uekt+ fQj
ls “kq: djsA ml “k[l us vt+Z fd;k fd vxj ex+fjc dh uekt+ Hkwy x;k
vkSj mlus b”kk dh nks jdvkr uekt+ i<+ yh rks D;k djsA vkius Qjek;k
fd mldks reke djs vkSj fQj ls ex+fjc dh uekt+ i<+s ml “k[l us vt+Z
fd;k fd eSa vki ij dqckZu tkš bu nksuksa esa D;k Qd+Z gS\ vkius Qjek;k
fd vlz ds ckn dksbZ uekt+ ugha gS ;kfu dksbZ uQy uekt+ ugha i<h
230
tkrh vkSj b”kk dh uekt+ ds ckn tks Hkh u¶y uekt+ pkgks i<+h tk
ldrh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls ,d erZck ,d ,sls “k[l ds ckjs esa
iqNk x;k tks t+ksgj dh uekt+ rks Hkwy x;k gks vkSj mlus vlz dh uekt+
i<+ MkyhA vkius Qkek;k fd tks uekt+ og i<+ pqdk gS mldks t+ksgj dh
uekt+ d+jkj ns vkSj vlz dh uekt+ fQj ls i<+sA vt+Z fd;k x;k fd vxj
og ex+fjc dh uekt+ Hkwy x;k vkSj b”kk dh uekt+ i<+ yh rks D;k djsa\
vkius Qjek;k fd oks igys ex+fjc dh uekt+ i<+sA fQj b”kk dh uekt+
i<+sA
gt+jr vyhv-l- vSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vxj
fdlh “k[l us d+Cy&vt+&oD+r uekt+ i<+ yh rks ml ij bvknk ¼okfil
i<+uk½ ykfte gSA oD+r ls igys uekt+ tk;t+ ugha gS ftl rjg ls fd
;s tk;t+ ugha gS fd dksbZ “k[l jet+ku dk jkst+k “kvcku esa j[ksA
vt+ku o bd+ker dk c;kuvt+ku o bd+ker dk c;kuvt+ku o bd+ker dk c;kuvt+ku o bd+ker dk c;kuvt+ku o bd+ker dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS
fd ,d erZck beke gqlSuv-l- ls vt+ku ds eqrkfYyd+ voke ds ml d+kSYk
ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k fd vt+ku dk lcc vCnqYykg fcu tS+n dk ;g [okc
gS ftldks mlus ns[kk Fkk mlus vius bl [okc dk ft+Ø jlwys vdjelvo-
- ds ikl fd;k vkSj vkius mlds ckn vt+ku nsus dk gqDe tkjh fd;k\
beke gqlSuv-l- us Qjek;k fd ^ogh* rks rqEgkjs uchl-v-o- ij ukft+y gksrh
Fkh] blds ckotwn rqe yksx bl fd+Le dk xqeku djrs gks fd vkius
vt+ku dk rjhd+k vCnqYykg fcu tS+n ls lh[kk gS tcfd vt+ku rqEgkjs
nhu dk psgjk gSA bruk Qjekus ds ckn vki xt+cukd+ gq, vkSj Qjek;k
fd eSaus blds cjvDl ¼f[kykQ½ vius finj ctqZxokj gt+jr vyh fcu
vch rkyhcv-l- ls ;s dgrs gq, lquk gS fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us ,d
Qfj”rk t+ehu ij Hkstk vkSj oks ftczbZyv-l- Fks tks jlwys vdjel-v-o- dks
vkleku dh rjQ ys x;s mlds ckn vkius ckd+h fdLlk , esvjkt c;ku
fd;k ftldks geus ;gk¡ ij eq[krlj dj fn;k gS vkius ft+Øs esvjkt esas
c;ku fd;k fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us ,d Qfj”rk Hkstk ftldks vkleku
231
ij u mlls igys ns[kk x;k vkSj u ckn esa ml Qfj”rs us nks&nks erZck
vtku o bd+ker dh vkius vt+ku dh dSfQ;r dk ft+Ø fd;kA ftczbZyv-
l- us jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls dgk ,s eqgEenl-v-o- bl rjg uekt+ ds fy;s
vt+ku fn;k djksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vgns fjlkyr
esa g;;k vyk [kSfjy vey ds lkFk vt+ku dgh tkrh Fkh vkSj vgns
gt+jr vcqcØ vkSj gt+jr mej ds bcfrnkbZ t+ekus es mlh rjg vt+ku
nh tkrh Fkh exj ckn esa gt+jr mej us vt+ku o bd+ker ls bu
vyQkt+ dks gt+Q djus ¼gVkus½ dk gqDe ns fn;kA tc gt+jr mej ls
bl flyflys esa dqN dgk x;k rks mUgksaus dgk fd yksx tc ;s lqusaxs fd
uekt+ [kS:y vey gS rks ftgkn esa lqLrh djsaxs vkSj blls ihNs gV
tk;saxsA beke tvQ:Llkfnd++vl- ls Hkh ;gh fjok;r vkbZ gS voke Hkh
;gh fjok;r c;ku djrs gS exj vkt rd oks bl elys esa gt+jr mej
dh iSjoh gh djrs gS vkSj lqUurs jlwyl-v-o- dks NksM+us ds vjksih gksrs gS
vkSj gt+jr mej ds bl d+kSy dks gqTtr cukrs gSA ;s ckr bruh lkQ
gS fd bl ckjs esa gqTtrks nyhy djus dh dksbZ t+:jr ugha gS D;ksafd
vYykg rvkyk us rks vius jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls gh lc dqN ysus dk gqDe
fn;k gSA tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
oek vrkdqeq:j jlwyks Q[kqt+wgks oek ugkdqe vugks QURrgw 28&59@7
rtqZek % tks rqedks iSxEcj ns ns mldks ys fy;k djks vkSj ftlls euk djs
mlls ckt+ vk tkvksA nqljh txg b”kkZn gS fd %
Qy ;gt+fjy yt+hu% ;q[kkfyQwu% vu vefjgh vu rqlhcgqe fQrurqu
vo ;qlhcgqe vt+kcqu vyhe 0 18&24@63 rtqZek % tks yksx jlwyl-v-o-
ds vez ls bf[rykQ djrs gS mldks bl ckr ls Mjrs jguk ;s fd
¼eqcknk½ mu ij eqlhcr u vk iM+s ;k mu ij dksbZ nnZukd vt+kc ukft+y
gks tk;s vkSj nwljh txg b”kkZn gS fd %
232
oek dku% fy eqvfefuo oyk eqvfeufru bt+k dt+Yykgks o jlwyqgq
veju vU; ;dqu% ygqeqy f[k;jrks feu vefjfge oeU; ;vflYykg% o
jlwygq Qd+n nYy% nykye eqchuk 22&33@36 rtqZek % fdlh eqfeu
vkSj eqfeuk dks badkj dk bf[r;kj ugha gS tcfd vYykg vkSj mlds
jlwyl-v-o- fdlh vez dk QSlyk dj nsa tks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyl-v-o-
ds Qjeku ls ljrkch djsxk og [kqyh xqejkgh esa gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- dk b”kkZn gS fd brckv djks fcnvr u djks
D;ksafd gj fcnvr xqejkgh gS vkSj gj xqejkgh dk fBdkuk tgUuqe gSA
D;k vke eqlyekuksa ds ut+nhd gt+jr mej dks nhu vkSj eqlyekuksa ds
elvyksa dk bYe T+;knk Fkk ;k vYykg o jlwyl-v-o- dks T+;knk bYe Fkk\
ijojfnxkjs vkye us viuh fdrkc dqjvku ethn esa uekt+ o
ftgkn vkSj nhxj [kSj ds dkeksa dh rjx+hc nh gS vkSj mudks Qt+Z d+jkj
fn;k gS rks D;k fdlh “k[l dks bl ckr dk bf[r;kj gS fd oks [kqnk dh
fdrkc esa ls fdlh ,sls Qt+Z dks lkfd+r dj ns ftldks djus dh mlus
rjx+hc nh gS ;k fdlh dks bruk olhv bf[r;kj gkfly gS fd oks fdlh
Qt+Z dks bl fcuk ij rdZ dj ns fd blls T+;knk fdlh nwljs Qt+Z esa
rjx+hc ekStwn gS\ ;s ,d ,slh cs&cqfu;kn ckr gS fd ftldk d+kby u
dksbZ tkfgy gks ldrk gS u vkfyeA gedks rks bruk Hkh ekywe ugha gS fd
fdlh us bldk xqeku rd Hkh fd;k gks ;k bldh rjQ b”kkjk Hkh fd;k
gks fd ftlls gt+jr mej vkSj muds rkfcbZu dk d+kSy nq:Lr lkfcr gks
vkSj vxj tkfgyks us ,slk oge dj fy;k Fkk tSlk fd gt+jr mej us
t+ve fd;k gS rks D;k tkfgyksa ds t+ve dh fcuk ij ftl pht+ dks
vYykg vkSj jlwyl-v-o- us lkfcr j[kk gS vkSj “kc o jkst+ nl erZck
ftldh funk dk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj gj efLtn esa vkSj gj tekvr esa vkSj
gj Qjn ds fy;s funk djuk okftc gS mldks tkfgyksa ds xqeku vkSj
voke ds fd+;kl ij rdZ dj fn;k tk;s\
vxj bruh NwV mudks ns nh xbZ rks bldk eryc ;s gS fd
tkfgyksa ds fnekx esa bLyke ds vgdke esa ls tks Hkh gqDe mudks [kjkc
233
ut+j vk, mldks lkfd+r dj nsuk pkfg;sA tkfgy rks bLyke ds vdlj
,gdke ls cs[kcj gS mudh vD+ysa bLyke dh vdlj ckrksa dk budkj
djrh gSA vkSj ;s Hkh ,d ekuh gqbZ ckr gS fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us
tkfgyksa dh iSjoh dk gqDe ugha fn;k gS mlus rks mu yksxksa dks fl[kkus
dk gqDe fn;k gS tks ;kn j[krs vkSj d+cwy djrs gS vkSj ml “k[l ls
:gfxjkuh ¼nwj jgus½ dk gqDe fn;k gS tks d+cwy ugh djrsA vkSj tks dqÝ
o rdt+hc ij mrj vk, gS rks muds lkFk ftgkn djus dk gqDe gS
gt+jr mej vkSj brckv gt+jr mej dh ;s jk; dh tkfgy tc ;s lqusaxs
fd uekt+ reke vkekys gluk ls csgrj gS rks oks ftgkn rdZ dj nsaxs rks
bl jk; ls ;s okftc gksrk gS fd oks tc u lqusaxs rks uekt+ dks NksM+
ldrs gS! [kqnk bu yksxksa ls vPNh rjg okfd+Q gS vkSj ml pht+ ls vPNh
rjg okfd+Q gS ftldh brkvr ij mudks gt+jr mej oxSjkg dh tkfuc
ls mHkkjk tkrk gS blls [kqnk Hkh vPNh rjg okfd+Q gS bl d+kSy dk
Qlkn bruk okt+sg gS fd blds eqÙkkfyd fdlh gqTtr dh t+:jr ugha
gS vkSj u mlds d+kbyhu ¼ekuus okyksa½ ij gqTtr d+k;e djus dh
t+:jr gS] ge rks [kqnk ds nhu ls fQj tkus ls mldh iukg ekaxrs gSaA
[kqnk vkSj mlds vkSfy;k&,&fdjke dh brkvr ij lkfcr d+neh dh
nqvk djrs gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj vkSj
vbEek&rkfgjhu vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwyYygl-v-o- us
Qjek;k dh rhu phtsa ,slh gS fd vxj esjh mEer mlds lokc ls tks
[kqnk dh rjQ ls rhuks dkeksa ij feyus okyk gS okfd+Q gks tk;s rks fQj
rhj py tk;s ¼1½ vt+ku ¼2½ tqevk dh rjQ t+oky ds oD+r tkuk ¼3½
igyh lQA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd d+;ker ds fnu eqvfT+t+u bl
gky esa mBk, tk;sxs fd mudh xnZus reke yksxksa ls yach gksxh og yk
bykgk bYyYykg dh funk djrs gksaxsA vkagt+jrl-v-o- dk ;s b”kkZn fd
mudh xnZus reke yksxksa ls yach gksxh ;kfu oks vYykg dh jger ls
T+;knk d+jhc gksaxs bu yksxksa ds cjvDl ftudh cngkyh dk ft+Ø [kqnk
us bl vk;r esa fd;k gS fd %
234
oyks rjk bft+y eqtfjequ% ukfdlw :mflfge bUn% jfCcfge 21&32@12
rtqZek % vkSj ,s jlwyl-v-o- rqedks cgqr vQlksl gksxk tc rqe ns[kksxs fd
eqtfjehu vius ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa ¼fglkc ds oD+r½ vius flj dks
>qdk, [kM+s gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS fd vkil-v-o- us yksxksa dks vt+ku dh
[kwc rjx+hc nh vkSj vkius yksxksa ls vt+ku ds Qt+kby c;ku fd;s ml
oD+r ,d “k[l us vt+Z fd;k fd ,s iSxEcjs [kqnkl-v-o- vkius rks gedks
vt+ku dh rjx+hc nh gRrk fd gesa ;s [kkSQ yk gd+ gks x;k fd dgha
vt+ku ds ckjs esa vkidh mEer vkil esa rsxt+uh ¼ekj&dkV½ u dj cSBs]
ml oD+r vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd vt+ku rqEgkjs t+bZQ yksxksa ls rtkoqt+
u djsxhA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd eq>s fdlh “ksv
dk blds flok jat o eyky u Fkk fd eSa pkgrk Fkk ¼dk”k½ fd
jlwyYykglvo- ls vt+ku dk “kjQ gluv-l- o gqlSuv-l- ds fy;s ekax fy;k
gksrkA
beke vcw vCnqYykg tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k
fd vt+ku o bd+ker nks&nks erZck dguk pkfg;sA vkSj bd+ker esa
dyek&,&”kgknr ,d gh erZck i<+uk pkfg;s ;kfu yk bykgk bYyYykg
,d eRkZck dguk pkfg;sA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd eqvfT+t+u dks
pkfg;s dh oks vt+ku o bd+ker ds oD+r fd+Cyk dh rjQ eq¡g djs vkSj tc
g;;k vyl lykr vkSj g;;k vyy Qykg dgs rks viuk eq¡g nk,a vkSj
ck,a Qsj ysA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vt+ku
rjrhy ¼:d&:d dj] ;kfu vkjke½ ls dguk pkfg;s vkSj bd+ker tYnh
ls dguk pkfg;sA vkSj vt+ku o bd+ker ds njfe;ku uQy uekt+ ;k
nqvk ls QdZ+ djuk pkfg;s [kqlwlu ex+fjc dh uekt+ esa D;ksafd mlls
igys dksbZ uQy uekt+ ugha gS de ls de bruk rks djuk pkfg;s fd
eqvfT+t+u vt+ku o bd+ker ds njfe;ku FkksM+h nsj cSBdj vius gkFk
t+ehu dks yxk nsA
beke vyh bfCuy gqlSuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
jlwys vdjel-v-o- tc eqvfT+t+u dks vt+ku dgrs gq, lqurs Fks rks oks tks
235
dgrk vki Hkh ogh dgrs vkSj tc eqvfT+t+u g;;k vyl lykr g;;k
vyy Qykg vkSj g;;k vyk [kSfjy vey dgrk Fkk rks vki ykgksy%
oyk dqOor% bYyk fcYykg i<+rs Fks tc bd+ker iwjh gks tkrh rks vki ;s
nqvk i<+k djrs Fks %
vYykgqEe% jCc% gkft+fgn nvofrr rkEefr ol lykfry d+kbefr vvfr
eksgEenu jlwygq ;kSey fd+;kefr o cyfyx gqn njtry olhyr%
feuy tUufr o rd+Ccy “kQkvr%gq Qh mEefrgh rtqZek % ,s nkors
rvEek vkSj lykrs d+kbek ds jc vius jlwy eqgEenl-v-o- dks cjkst+s
d+;ker mudk loky iwjk dj vkSj tUur ds ntkZ olhyk rd mudks
igq¡pk vkSj vkidh “kQkvr vkidh mEer ds fy;s ed+cwy QjekA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd rhu pht+s ,slh gS
ftudks vkftt+ ds flok vkSj dksbZ rdZ u djsxk ,d oks “k[l ftlus
eqvfT+t+u dks vt+ku dgrs gq, lquk rks oks Hkh ogh dysek nksgjk,xk tks
eqvfT+t+u dgrk gS vkSj ,d oks “k[l ftldks jkLrs esa dgha tukt+k feys
rks vgys tukt+k ij lyke u i<+sxk cfYd oks tukt+k dk ik;k idM+sxkA
vkSj ,d oks “k[l tks beke ls lqtwn es feys ml gkyr esa fd mlus vHkh
rdchjk ugha dgh gS rks oks Hkh ltnk djsxk ysfdu mldks uekt+ esa “kqekj
u djsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc
eqvfT+t+u vYykgks vdcj dgs rks rqe Hkh vYykgks vdcj dgks vkSj tc
oks v”kgnks vu yk bykgk bYyYykg dgs rks rqe Hkh v”kgnks vu yk
bykgk bYyYykg dgks vkSj tc v”kgnks vUu% eqgEenu jlwyYykg dgs
rks rqe Hkh v”kgnks vUu% eqgEenu jlwyYykg dgks vkSj tc d+nd+k
efrLlykr dgs rks rqe
vYykgqEe% vfd+egk o vfnegk otvyuh feu [kSfj lkfygh vgfygk
veyu dgksA rtqZek % ijojfnxkjk rw uekt+ ij d+kbZe o nkbZe j[k vkSj
236
eq>s usd vey djus okyksa esa ls cuk vkSj tc eqvfT+t+u d+nd+k efrLlykr
dgus yxs rks [kkeks”kh ds lkFk mBuk okftc gSA gkykafd tc mudk dksbZ
beke u gks rks vkxs ihNs gksdj uekt+ i<+ ysA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd yg.k ls
vt+ku nsus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha c”krsZ fd vt+ku ls vfyQ vkSj gkv dh iwjh
ot+kgr dh tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tks “k[l vt+ku o bd+ker
dgdj uekt+ i<+rk gS rks mlds ihNs Qfj”rksa dh nks lQ uekt+ i<+rh
gSA vkSj vt+ku dgs cxSj egt+ bd+ker dgdj tks uekt+ i<+rk gS rks
mlds ihNs Qfj”rksa dh ,d gh lQ uekt+ i<+rh gSA ex+fjc vkSj Qtz dh
uekt+ pkgs oru esa gks ;k lQj esa gks vt+ku o bd+ker ds cx+Sj ugha
i<+uh pkfg;s D;ksafd bu nksuksa uekt+ksa esa dlj ugha gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ “k[l
cx+Sj bd+ker o vt+ku ds vdsyk uekt+ i<+rk gks rks mlesa dksbZ gtZ ugha
gSA blls ;s irk pyrk gS fd vt+ku o bd+ker dgus esa “kjQ o lokc
gSA vkSj blls de rj “kjQ vt+ku ds cxSj bd+ker dgus esa gS vkSj vxj
dksbZ “k[l vt+ku vkSj bd+ker u dgs rks blesa dksbZ gtZ ugha gS vki
Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ ds oD+r gh ij vt+ku nsuh pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd++v-l- Qjekrs gS fd rqyqv , Qtz ls igys
vt+ku nsus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gS vkSj tc rd uekt+ dk oD+r u gks vt+ku
u nsuh pkfg;sA Qtz dh uekt+ vkSj nwljh uekt+ksa ds fy;s cjoD+r vt+ku
nsuh vQt+y gSA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd gt+jr fcykyj-t- vt+ku ds ckn
jlwyYykgl-v-o- dks vt+ku dh bfRrykv djrs Fks rkfd vki ckgj r”kjhQ
ykdj yksxksa dks uekt+ i<+k, pqukps mlh ds eqrkfcd+ vt+ku ds ckn is”k
beke dks uekt+ dh bfÙkykv nh tkrh gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vki vt+ku o bd+ker ds
njfe;ku ckrphr djus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha le>rs Fks] beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl-
ls Hkh ;s fjok;r gS exj vkius bd+ker dks blls vyx d+jkj fn;k gS
vki Qjekrs gS fd tc eqvfT+t+u d+nd+k efrLlykr dgrk gS rks ml
oD+r ckrphr djuk gjke gS vkSj reke vgys efLtn ij Hkh gjke gSA
flok, blds fd mudk dksbZ beke u gks vkSj oks vyx vyx uekt+ i<+us
237
ds fy;s tek gq,s gks vkSj vt+ku esa d+lnu dyke ugh dgus pkfg;s
D;ksafd vt+ku usfd;ksa ds njokt+ksa esa ls ,d njokt+k gSA fygkt+k ml
“k[l dks yk;d+ ugha fd fdlh usd dke dks djrk gks vkSj fQj mls rdZ
dj nsA gkykafd oks mlh ds fely nwljh usdh dh rjQ ekby gks tk;s
exj dksbZ “k[l etcwju fdlh gktr ds lcc ckr djs rks dksbZ gtZ ugha
gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd cx+Sj oqT+kq ds vt+ku nsus esa
dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA vxj eqvfT+t+u ikd vkSj ck&oqT+kq+ gks rks vQt+y gSA
exj oqT+kq ds cxSj bd+ker u dguh pkfg;s vkSj chekj vkSj ?kksM+s ds lokj
ds flok dksbZ cSBdj vt+ku u dgs vkSj bd+ker t+ehu ij [kM+s jgdj
dguh pkfg;s ysfdu vxj dksbZ chekjh ds lcc [kM+k gksdj bd+ker u
dg ldrk gks rks dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS vkSjrksa ij vt+ku o
bd+ker dguk ykft+e ugha gSA vki ls ;s Hkh fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k
fd vt+ku rks eqvfT+t+u dgs vkSj bd+ker dksbZ vkSj dgs rks blesa dksbZ
gtZ ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls iwNk x;k fd D;k vkSjr vt+ku o
bd+ker dg ldrh gS rks blds tokc esa vkius Qjek;k fd gk¡ vxj
vkSjr pkgs rks dg ldrh gS vkSj “kgj dh vt+ku vius dkuksa ls lquys
rks mlds fy;s dkQh gS vkSj vxj u lqus rks v”kgnks vu yk bykgk
bYyYykg o v”kgnks vUu% eksgEenu jlwyqYykg dgs rks cgqr gSA lkfnd+
vkys eqgEenl-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd xq+yke vkSj uk&ckfyx+ cPps vt+ku dgs
rks blesa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd eqvfT+t+u dh
mtjr ¼esgurkuk½ gjke dekbZ gS tcfd d+kSe mldks vt+ku nsus ds fy;s
mtjr ij j[ks] ysfdu vxj cSrqy eky esa ls dqN jde eqdjZj dj nh
tk;s rks blesa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA vki Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ “k[l
efLtn esa vt+ku dh funk lquus ds ckn ckgj pyk tk;s rks oks equkfQd+
gSA exj oks “k[l ugha tks okil vkus dk bjknk j[krk gS ;k ,slk “k[l
tks ck&oqT+kw ugh Fkk vkSj og oqT+kq djus ds fy;s ckgj x;k gksA vki
Qjekrs gS fd rqe es tks “k[l lcls Qlhg gks oks vt+ku ns vkSj tks lcls
T;knk bYes fQd+g dk ekfgj gks oks beker djsA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl-
238
Qjekrs gS fd u¶y uekt+ esa vt+ku dh t+:jr ugha gSA vU/ks vkneh dks
vxj vt+ku nsus ds fy;s lh/kk fd+cyk :[k [kM+k dj fn;k tk;s rks mlesa
dksbZ gtZ ugha gS vgns fjlkyr esa bCus mEes edrwej-t- vt+ku fn;k djrs
FksA
veh:y eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck
vkius ,d Å¡ph lh vt+kuxkg ns[kh rks vkius mldks fxjkus dk gqDe
Qjek;k vkSj ;s Qjek;k fd lrg efLtn ls T+;knk cqyUn txg ls
vt+ku u nh tk;sA [kqnk csgrj tkurk gS fd ;s gqDe ,slh vt+kuxkgksa ds
eqrkfYyd+ gS ftlls yksxksa ds ?kjksa dh cs inZxh gksrh gSA vkSj tgk¡ ls p<+us
okys dks ?kj dh gj pht+ ut+j vkrh gSA blls yksxksa dks t+jj ¼uqdlku½
igq¡prk gS vkSj inkZ u”khu [okrhu dh csinZxh gksrh gSA fygkt+k ,slh
vt+kuxkgksa ls vt+ku nsuk tk;t+ ugha gSaA
ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us b”kkZn Qjek;k
fd ftlds ?kj esa dksbZ QjtUn iSnk gks rks mldks ykft+e gS fd oks cPps
ds nkfgus dku esa vt+ku vkSj ck¡, dku esa bd+ker dgs D;ksafd ;s mlds
fy;s “kSrku ls fgQkt+r dk lcc gSA eq>dks jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us gluv-l-
o gqlSuv-l- dh foyknr ds oD+r bldk gqDe fn;k Fkk vkSj lkFk gh lkFk
;s Hkh Qjek;k Fkk fd muds dkuksa esa lwjk% vygEn] vk;rqy dqlhZ vkSj
lwjrqy g”kz dk vk[kjh fgLlk lqjv% dqy gqoYykgks vgn vkSj dqy
vÅt+ks fc jfCcu ukl vkSj dqy vÅt+ks fc jfCcy Qyd+ i<+h tk;sA jlwys
vdjel-v-o- us ;s Hkh Qjek;k gS fd tc rqeesa ls fdlh dks vklsc yx
tk;s ;k cnlwjr [kchl tSls ftUukr jkLrks ls HkVdk ns arks vt+ku dgksA
elkftn dk c;kuelkftn dk c;kuelkftn dk c;kuelkftn dk c;kuelkftn dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke vkSj ekSykuk
vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd efLtn ds iM+kslh ds fy;s t+:jh
gS fd oks efLtn gh esa uekt+ i<+s vycÙkk vxj dksbZ mtz ;k chekjh gks
rks vkSj ckr gSA vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd ,s veh:y
eqehuhuv-l- efLtn dk iM+kslh dkSu gks ldrk gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd gj
oks “k[l ftlds dkuksa esa vt+ku dh vkokt+ igq¡psA
239
ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k
efLtns gjke ¼dkck½ esa uekt+ i<+us dk lokc ,d yk[k jdvkr gS vkSj
efLtnqu uch ¼enhuk½ esa uekt+ i<+us dk lokc nl gt+kj jdvkr gS vkSj
cS;rqy eqd+n~nl esa ,d gt+kj uekt+ dk lokc gS vkSj efLtns vkt+e esa
,d lkS ¼100½ uekt+ dk lokc gS vkSj d+chyk dh efLtn esa 25 uekt+
dk lokc gS vkSj efLtnqy lwd+ ¼ckt+kj dh efLtn½ esa ckjg 12 uekt+
dk lokc gS vkSj vius ?kj esa vdsys uekt+ i<+us esa ,d gh uekt+ dk
lokc gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r djrs gq, Qjekrs gSa
fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd efLtn esa cSBdj uekt+ dk bart+kj
djuk Hkh bcknr gS ftl “k[l dh ckrphr dk ekSt+wv ges”kk dqjvku gks
vkSj efLtn mldk ?kj gks rks [kqnk mlds fy;s tUur esa ?kj cuk nsxk
vkSj ntkZ , oqLrk ls mldk ntkZ cqyUn djsxkA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ,d uekt+ ds
ckn nwljh uekt+ dk bart+kj djuk ftgkn dh rS;kjh ls vQt+y gS vkSj
efLtn esa fd+cyk :[k gksdj cSBuk lqUur gSA efLtn vius ijojfnxkj
ds ut+nhd viuh ohjkuh dh f”kdk;r djrh gS vkSj efLtn dh vkcknh
dh jkSud+ c<+kus okyk “k[l tc xk;c gks tkus ds ckn okil vkrk gS rks
efLtn fugk;r [kq”k fet+kth vkSj [kq”kvkenhn ds lkFk mldk bfLrd+cky
djrh gSA ftl rjg rqees ls dksbZ “k[l fdlh “k[l ds xk;c jgus ds
ckn mlds okil vkus ij xeZ&tks”kh ls bfLrd+cky djrk gSA vki
Qjekrs gS efLtn esa cSBuk vjcks dh jgckuh;r gSA eqehu ds cSBus dh
txg mldh efLtn gS vkSj mldk ?kj mldh dqfV;k gSA vki Qjekrs
gS fd ,s yksxksa ! viuh efLtnksa dks “kksjxqy ls cpkvks] mlesa [kjhn o
Qjks[r u djks vkSj gfFk;kj u ys tkvks vkSj g¶rk ds jkst+ mles c[kwj
tykvks vkSj mlesa oqT+kw ds lkeku oxSjkg j[kksA vki Qjekrs gS fd ftl
“k[l us viuh ukd dh xanxh ls efLtn dks ikd j[kk oks d+;ker ds
jkst+ vYykg ls lq[kZ: feysxkA D;ksafd mldk ukek&,&vkeky mlds
nkfgus gkFk esa gksxkA efLtn ukd dh vykb”k ¼xanxh½ ls bl rjg yjt+
mBrh gS tSls fd rqeesa ls dksbZ csr ¼ydM+h½ dh ekj ls ytZ+ mBrk gSA
240
veh:y eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd jlwys vdjelvo-
us efLtn esa eqtfjeksa dks lt+k nsus ls euk Qjek;k gS ¼;kfu gn tkjh u
dh tk;s½A
vkSj vkius efLtn esa t+ksj ls vkokt+ djus ls ¼fpYYkkus ls½ euk
Qjek;k gS vkSj mlesa xqe”kqnk pht+ dh ryk”k djus ls euk Qjek;k gS
vkSj ryokj dks fe;ku ls u fudkyk tk;s vkSj rhj u pyk;k tk;s vkSj
[kjhn o Qjks[r u fd;k tk;sA fd+cyk esa gfFk;kj u yVdk;k tk;sA
veh:y eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd efLtnksa dks
rqEgsa t+:j vius ;gwn o ulkjk] vius cPpksa vkSj ikxyksa ls cpkuk pkfg;s
ojuk [kqnk rqedks cUnjksa vkSj lwvjks dh “kDy esa :dwv o lqtwn dh
gkyr esa okil dj nsxk tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
bUuey eq”kfjdwu% utlqu Qyk ;d+jcqy efLtny gjke% 10&9@28
rtqZek % eq”kfjdhu rks cM+s ukikd gS oks vc rks dkck ds ikl fQj u
QVdus ik,A efLtn esa ukikd “k[l dks nkf[ky u djus ij lcdk
bÙksQkd+ gS blh rjg tukcrnkj eqfLye dks Hkh efLtn esa nkf[ky gksus
ls euk fd;k x;k gS gkykafd eqfLye pkgs oks tukcrnkj gks ;k uk gks
uftl ¼ukikd½ ugha gksrkA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us euk Qjek;k gS fd dksbZ
tukcrnkj “k[l efLtn esa uk cSBus ik,a
veh:y eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l- bl vk;rs djhek ds ckjs esa
b”kkZn Qjekrs gSa fd %
oyk tquqcu bYyk vkfcjh lchfyu 5&4@43 rtqZek % vkSj u tukcr
dh gkyr esa exj jkgnkjh esaA vki Qjekrs gS fd ;gka ij tukcrnkj ls
,slk “k[l eqjkn gS tks efLtn ls flQZ xqt+j tkuk pkgrk gks vkSj cSBus
dk bjknk u j[krk gksA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us yglqu [kkdj efLtn es tkus ls euk Qjek;k gS
rkfd mldh cw ls vgys efLtn dks bZt+k u igq¡ps vki Qjekrs gS fd
ftl “k[l us yglqu [kk;k gks oks efLtn ds djhc u gksA
241
veh:y eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l- tc efLtn esa nkf[ky gksrs
rks vki ;s nqvk i<+rs Fks
fcfLeYykfg o fcYykfg vLlykeks vysd% vb;~;qgu uch¸;ks o jgerqYykfg
o cjdkrgw vLlykeks vySuk o vyk bckfnYykfgLlkfyghuA rtqZek %
vYykg ds uke ls vYykg ds roLlqy ls ,s iSxEcj vki ij lyke vkSj
[kqnk dh jger o cjdr ukft+y gks vkSj ge ij vkSj [kqnk ds usd cUnksa
ij lyke gksA
vki Qjekrs gS efLtn dk ;s gd+ gS fd tc rqe mles nkf[ky gks
rks nks jdvkr ¼rgh;~;rqy efLtn dh½ uekt+ i<+ks vkSj bu nks jdvkr
dk ;s gd+ gS fd mues lqjv% Qkrsgk i<+ks vkSj dqjvku dk gd+ ;s gS fd
tks dqN mlesa gS ml ij vey djksA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd ftlus [kqnk ds fy;s ,d efLtn cukbZ
;k d+rkr ifjans ds t+ehu esa ?kj cukus ds cjkcj efLtn dk dqN fgLlk
cuk;k gS rks [kqnk mlds fy;s tUur esa ,d ?kj rS;kj djsxkA vki
Qjekrs gS fd cx+Sj fdlh vkM+ ds uekt+ i<+uk ,d fd+Le dk t+qYe gS]
vxj dksbZ “k[l fdlh eSnku es uekt+ i<+s rks mldks yk;d+ gS fd dtkos
dk fiNyk fgLlk vius lkeus j[k ys ¼dqN Hkh fu”kku dj ys½A
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- Å¡V dh rjQ eq¡g djds uekt+ i<+uk
ed:g le>rs Fks vkSj vki Qjekrs Fks fd gj Å¡V ij ,d “kSrku cSBk
jgrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls ejoh gS fd vki bl ckr dks
ukilan djrs Fks fd dksbZ “k[l uekt+ i<+s vkSj mlds lkeus nwljk lks;k
gks vkSj dksbZ “k[l bl gky esa uekt+ u i<+s fd mlds nks”k cnks”k
¼fcYdqy lkFk lkFk½ dksbZ vkSjr gks gkykafd oks ml vkSjr ls FkksM+k vkxs
gks tk;sA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd tc rqe esa
ls dksbZ “k[l fdlh insZ vkSj vksV dh rjQ eqag djds uekt+ i<+s rks
mldks yk;d+ gS fd oks mlls d+jhc gks tk;s D;ksafd “kSrku mlds vkSj
242
vksV ds chp ls xqt+jrk jgrk gS vkius bl flyflys esa cSy ds ckM+s dh
felky is”k dhA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls ejoh gS fd vkius fd+cyk esa rLohjksa
dh ekStwnxh ls bt+gkjs uQjr fd;k gSA vkils ml efLtn ds eqrkfYyd+
iwNk x;k tks ?kj ds vanj cuk yh xbZ gks vkSj ckn esa ekfyd edku dh
;s jk; gqbZ fd mldks fQj edku esa “kkfey dj fn;k tk;s ;k mldh
txg cny nh tk;s rks vkius Qjek;k fd mlesa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
beker dk c;kubeker dk c;kubeker dk c;kubeker dk c;kubeker dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls vkids finj cqtqxZokj vkSj
vkck&,&fdjke vkSj ekSykuk vyhv-l ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd
fdlh d+kSe dk beke d+kSe dks vYykg dh rjQ ys tkus okyk gksrk gSA
fygkt+k viuh uekt+ks esa rqe mlh dks vkxs djks tks rqees lcls vQt+y
gSA
ekSykuk vyhv-l Qjekrs gS fd viuh uekt+ksa dk is”k beke vged+ksa
¼tkfgyksa½ dks u cukvks vkSj u mudks vius tukt+ksa ij eqd+n~ne djks
D;ksafd is”k beke rqedks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds ikl igq¡pkus okys gksrs gSA
vkSj chekj rUn:Lr dks uekt+ u i<+k,A ;g [klwfl;r rks flQZ jlwys
vdjel-v-o- ds fy;s gh FkhA
beke eksgEenqy ckfd+jv-l Qjekrs gSa fd vxj xq+yke Qd+hg gks
rks mlds ihNs uekt+ i<+us esa dksbZ gt+Z ugh gS c”krsZ ;g fd ml oD+r
dksbZ mlls T+;knk bYe fQd+g dk ekfgj ekStwn u gks fd tks yksxks dks
uekt+ i<+k,a vkSj vkius vU/ks dh beker esa :[klr nh gS c”krsZ ;g fd
mldks fd+cyk :[k [kM+k dj fn;k tk;s vkSj og reke gkt+jhu ls
vQt+y Hkh gksA
ekSykuk vyhv-l ls fjok;r gS fd vkius tqt+keh] vcjlh ¼dksf<+;ksa½
etuwu ¼ikxy½ egnwn ftldks “kjbZ lt+k nh xbZ gks] ft+uk ls iSnk gqvk
gks ds ihNs uekt+ i<+us ls euk Qjek;k gS vkSj ,vjkch ¼xkao okyk½
eqgkftjhu dks uekt+ u i<+k,A d+Snh vkt+kn dks] r;Eeqe okyk oqT+kw+ okys
243
dks] [klh ¼uk enZ½ Qgqy dks] vkSjr enZ dks] fgtM+k enksZ dks] xwaxk cksyus
okyks dks] eqlkfQj eqd+he dks uekt+ uk i<+k,A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gS fd gjojh vkSj uklch ¼vgys
cSr ds nq”eu½ ds ihNs tc rqe uekt+ i<+ks rks ml uekt+ dks uekt+ u
“kqekj djks vkSj g:jh ;k uklch tks Hkh is”k beke gks mldks efLtn ds
[kEcksa esa ls ,d [kEck le>ks vkSj rlOoqj djks fd xks;k rqe rUgk uekt+
i<+ jgs gksA ,slk rd+ ;ru nq”euksa ls [kkSQ ds oD+r fd;k tk ldrk gS
ojuk tc [kqnk ds Qt+y o dje ls dksbZ [kkSQ o fQruk dk eqd+ke u
gks vkSj [kqnk dk vez t+kfgj gks vkSj mlds vkSfy;k xkfyc gksa rks ml
oD+r fdlh nq”eus vgys cSrv-l ds ihNs uekt+ i<+uk tk;t+ ugha D;ksafd
mudks dksbZ bT+t+r o djker gkfly ugha gSA
beke eqgEenqy ckfd+jv-l Qjekrs gSa fd fdlh uklch ¼nq”eus
vgyscSr½ ds ihNs uekt+ u i<+ks D;ksafd muds fy;s dksbZ bT+t+r o djker
ugha gS gkykafd tc rqedks viuh tkuks dk [kkSQ gks vkSj ;g fd rqedks
e”kgwj dj fn;k tk;sxk vkSj rqEgkjh tkfuc mxafy;ka mBkbZ tk;saxh
fygkt+k ml oD+r igys rqe vius ?kjksa esa uekt+ i<+ fy;k djks vkSj fQj
muds lkFk Hkh uekt+ i<+ yks ysfdu muds lkFk tks uekt+ i<+ks mldks
u¶y le>dj i<+ksA vc rks [kqnk ds Qt+y vkSj dje ls [kkSQ tkrk jgk
vkSj gekjs bl t+ekus esa rd+ ;k lkfd+r gks x;k gS fygkt+k rqe fdlh
uklch ;kfu ¼nq”eus vgys cSr½ ds ihNs uekt+ u i<+ks [kqnk fdlh uklch
dh vka[k dks BaMk u djsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ,d erZck gt+jr mej us yksxksa dks
lqcg dh uekt+ i<+kbZ tc uekt+ [kRe gks xbZ rks mUgksaus yksxksa ls f[krkc
djds Qjek;k fd ,s yksxksa Qtz dh uekt+ rqedks mej us tukcr dh
gkyr esa i<+kbZ Fkh yksxksa us vt+Z fd;k fd fQj vki D;k pkgrs gSaA gt+jr
mej us dgk fd eq>s nksckjk uekt+ i<+uk pkfg;s ysfdu rqedks ugha ml
oD+r gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k fd ,s mej rqe ij vkSj mu yksxksa ij
fQj ls uekt+ i<+uk okftc gS D;ksafd d+kSe rks vius beke gh ds
lkFk&lkFk gksrh gSA og ml beke gh ds :dqv vkSj lqtqn ds lkFk viuk
:dwv vkSj lqtwn djrs gSA blfy;s tc beke dh uekt+ Qkfln gks xbZ
rks mlds ihNs uekt+ i<+usokyksa dh Hkh uekt+ Qkfln gks xbZA
244
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd rqedks
beker djkus dk ogh “k[l T+;knk eqLrfgd+ gS ftldk uwj T+;knk gS
;kfu tks rqees T+;knk dqjvku dk gkfQt+ gSA vgys efLtn T+;knk
gd+nkj gS fd og viuh&viuh efLtnksa esa [kqn uekt+ i<+k,a gkykafd tc
fdlh efLtn esa mudk vehj vk tk;s rks og vgys efLtn ls T+;knk
uekt+ i<+kus dk gd+nkj gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd ogh “k[l beker ls
uekt+ i<+k, tks rqees lcls T+;knk fgtjr ds ,rckj ls d+nhe gSA vxj
mlesa lc ds lc cjkcj gks rks tks muesa lcls T+;knk cM+k dkjh ¼frykor
djus okyk½ gks og uekt+ i<+k, vxj mlesa Hkh lc cjkcj gks rks tks
lcls cM+k bYe fQd+g dk ekfgj gks og uekt+ i<+k, vkSj vxj mlesa Hkh
lc cjkcj gks rks tks mez esa T+;knk cM+k gks og uekt+ i<+k, vkSj lkfgcs
efLtn T+;knk gd+nkj gS fd og viuh efLtn esa [kqn uekt+ i<+k,A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd tc
dksbZ “k[l fdlh ,d “k[l dks beker ls uekt+ i<+kuk pkgs rks mldks
vius nkfguh tkfuc [kM+k djs vkSj vxj nks ;k nks ls T+;knk gks rks og
beke ds ihNs [kM+s gks tk;sA veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls
fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd yksx vxj efLtn ds vykok fdlh vkSj
txg beker ls uekt+ i<+uk pkgs rks blesa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe uekt+ rugk i<+ks rks mldks
rwy dj ldrs gks ;g bcknr gS vkSj tc rqe yksxksa dks uekt+ i<+kvks rks
rwy uk nks cfYd bl rjg ls uekt+ i<+kvks tSls rqees dksbZ det+ksj
vkneh uekt+ i<+rk gSA jlwys vdjel-v-o- menxh vkSj rekfe;r ds lkFk
cgqr gh [kQhQ ¼tYnh½ uekt+ i<+krs FksA
beke tkQ::Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkSjrsa enksZa dks uekt+ u
i<+k, ysfdu og vkSjrksa dks bl rjg uekt+ i<+k ldrh gS fd og muls
vkxs u gks cfYd muds chp esa [kM+h gks tk;s vkSj nwljh [okrhu mldh
uekt+ ds eqrkfcd+ uekt+ i<+sA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius beke dks
dqjvku dh ryd+hu ¼ulhgr½ dh btkt+r nh gSA tcfd og Fkd tk;s
;k :d tk;s vkSj vxj ,d vk;r ;k ,d ls T+;knk NksM+ ns ;k ,d
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lwjv% dks NksM+dj nwljh lwjv% i<+us yxs vkSj fd+jkvr esa e”kxqy jgs ml
oD+r ryd+hu ¼yqdek o chp esa cksyuk½ u djuk pkfg;sA
tekvr vkSj lQ dk c;kutekvr vkSj lQ dk c;kutekvr vkSj lQ dk c;kutekvr vkSj lQ dk c;kutekvr vkSj lQ dk c;ku
beke tkvQ::Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj vkSj vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwy vdjel-v-o- us bj”kkn Qjek;k fd tks
“k[l tekvr ls uekt+ i<+rk gS mlds ckjs esa ;g gqLukst+u ¼vPNs fopkj½
j[kks fd og usdh djsxk vkSj mldh “kgknr dks tk;t+ d+jkj nksA
beke tkvQ::Llfndv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
c&tekvr uekt+ i<+uk rUgk uekt+ i<+us ls vQt+y gSA rUgk uekt+
i<+us esa ,d gh uekt+ dk lokc gS vkSj tekvr ls uekt+ i<+us esa pkSchl
uekt+ dk lokc feyrk gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls uekt+ c&tekvr dh ckcr iwNk x;k fd vk;k
og Qt+Z gS rks vkius tokc esa Qjek;k fd uekt+ Qt+Z gSa uekt+ esa bdV~Bk
gksuk dksbZ Qt+Z ugha gS vycRrk ;g lqUur gSA vxj fdlh us bl lqUur
dks NksM+k vkSj eqfeuhu dh tekvr ls fcyk fdlh mt+j ;k chekjh ds
vyx uekt+ i<+h rks mldh uekt+ u gksxhA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ftl “k[l us uekt+s Qtz c&tekvr
vnk fd;k rks mldh ;g uekt+ lkysghu o vcjkj dh uekt+ksa esa “kqekj
gksxh vkSj ml fnu mldk uke eqRrd+hu ;kfu vgys rd+ok ds tqejs esa
fy[k fn;k tk;sxkA
beke eksgEeqny ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ,d erZck veh:y
eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhvl- us reke jkr lqtwn o d+;ke esa xqt+kj nh vkSj
tc lqcg dk >Vdk ueqnkj gqvk rks vkius Qtz dh uekt+ i<+h vkSj
vkidks >ksadk vk x;k b/kj tc efLtn esa jlwys vdjel-v-o- us lqcg dh
uekt+ i<+us ds ckn vyhv-l- dks uk ik;k rks l¸;nk&,&vkye Qkfrek
ts+gjkv-l- ds ikl r”kjhQ yk, vkSj dgk fd , ftxj xks”kk&,&jlwy
rqEgkjs bCus ve dk D;k gky gS og uekt+ esa lqcg gekjs lkFk ekStwn u
FksA tukcs Qkfrek ts+gjkvl- us jlwys vdjel-v-o- dks iwjk okfd+vk lquk
fn;kA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd vkt ds fnu vyhv-l- ls lqcg dh
246
uekt+ tks QkSr gks xbZ gS og lkjh jkr bcknr esa xqt+kjus ls vQt+y FkhA
vyhv-l- us tc jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh vkokt+ lquh rks csnkj gks x;sA jlwys
vdjel-v-o- us muls Qjek;k fd , vyh ftl “k[l us lqcg dh uekt+
c&tekvr vnk dh rks xks;k mlus jkr Hkj d+;ke o lqtwn fd;k gS vkSj
, vyh D;k rqedks ekywe ugha gS fd rqyw&,&vkQrkc ls igys vxj
vkfye lks tk;s rks t+ehu ckjxkgs bykgh esa Qfj;kn djrh gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vki gt+jr vcw
njnkvj v ds ikl vyl lqcg r”kjhQ ys x;s rks mUgs lksrk gqvk ns[kdj
Qjek;k fd , vcw njnkv D;k ckr gS\ mUgksaus dgk fd vkt dh “kc
dqN ,slh gh ckr gks xbZ Fkh ftldh otg ls eSa lks;k jgk gt+jr vyhv-
l- us Qjek;k fd D;k rqeus vkt uekt+s lqcg cktekvr ugha i<+h gS\ vcw
njnvk us dgk fd gkaA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us Qjek;k fd , vcw
njnkvj-v eq>s uekt+s b”kk vkSj uekt+s Qtz cktekvr i<+uk bu nksuksa ds
njfe;ku jkr Hkj bcknr djus ls T+;knk ilan gSA D;k rqeus vkagt+jrlvo-
dks ;g dgrs gq, ugha lquk gS fd yksxksa dks vxj uektsa+ b”kk o Qtz dk
lokc ekywe gks tkrk rks yksx ?kqVuksa ds cy vkrs vkSj uekt+ i<+rsA
D;ksafd bu nksuksa uekt+ksa ds njfe;ku tks Hkh xqukg gksrs gS og mudh
cnkSyr feV tkrs gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck
d+chyk&,&tghuk dk ,d enZ vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gqvk
mlus njckjs fjlkyrl-v-o- esa vt+Z fd;k fd , iSx+Ecj [kqnkl-v-o- eSa vius
cky cPpksa vkSj xqykeksa ds lkFk nsgkr esa jgrk gw¡ vkSj uekt+ ds oD+r [kqn
eSa vt+ku vkSj bd+ker dgrk gwa vkSj mudks uekt+ i<+krk gw¡ rks D;k ge
yksx tekvr gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd gkaA ml enZ tghuh us fQj vt+Z
fd;k fd clk vkSd+kr esjs xqyke ÅaVksa ds ihNs ihNs nwj fudy tkrs gSA
ml oD+r eSa vkSj esjs vgyks v;ky ckd+h jg tkrs gSA ml oD+r eSa vt+ku
vkSj bd+ker ds ckn mudks uekt+ i<+krk gwA rks D;k ge ,d tekvr gS\
vkius Qjek;k fd gkaA mlus fQj vt+Z fd;k fd dHkh esjs QtZUn ikuh
dh ryk”k esa nwj fudy tkrs gS vkSj eSa vkSj esjh choh jg tkrs gSA eSa
vt+ku o bd+ker dgdj uekt+ i<+krk gw¡ rks D;k ge nksuksa feydj Hkh
,d tevkr gS \ vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd gka! mlus fQj vt+Z fd;k fd
dHkh esjh choh Hkh viuh fdlh dke ls dgh pyh tkrh gS vkSj eS fcYdqy
247
rUgk jgk tkrk gw¡ tc uekt+ dk oD+r gksrk gS rks vt+ku o bd+ker
dgdj uekt+ i<+rk gw¡ rks D;k eSa rUgk ,d tekvr gw¡\ jlwys vdjelvo-
us Qjek;k fd eqfeu rUgk ,d tekvr gSA ge vkxs c;ku dj pqds gS
fd tc ,d eqfeu vt+ku o bd+ker dgdj uekt+ i<+rk gS rks mlds
ihNs Qfj”rksa dh nks lQs uekt+ i<+rh gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd d+;ker ds fnu
tcfd v”ksZ bykgh ds lk;s ds flok dksbZ vkSj lk;k u feysxk ml lk;s
ds uhps ,d og “k[l cSBsxk tks vius ?kj ls fudyk vkSj vPNh rjg ls
oqT+kw+ djds fdlh efLtn dh rjQ x;k rkfd Qjkbt+ esa ls fdlh ,d
QtZ dks vnk djs brus esa og gykd gks x;k vkSj nwljk og “k[l v”ksZ
bykgh ds lk;s esa cSBsxk tks vk/kh jkr dks ml oD+r mBrk gS tc lkjh
d+k;ukr lks tkrh gS fQj oks dkfey rkSj ij oqT+kw+ djds fdlh efLtn dh
rjQ uekt+ i<+us ds fy;s pyk tkrk gS vkSj bl gky esa gykd gks tkrk
gSA jlwys vdjel-v-o- dk b”kkZn gS fd uk ilanhnk vkSd+kr vkSj gkyr esa
vPNh rjg ls oqT+kw djuk vkSj efLtnksa dh rjQ tkuk vkSj ,d oD+r dh
uekt+ i<+us ds ckn nwljs oD+r dh uekt+ dk bartkj djus ls reke
xqukg ekQ gks tkrs gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k fd uekt+ dh csgrjhu lQ igyh
lQ gS ysfdu uekt+s tukt+k esa csgrjhu lQ vkf[kjh lQ gSA vkidh
f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ;g dSls\ rks vkius
Qjek;k fd ;g blfy;s fd vk[kjh lQ esa [okrhu dk inkZ ckdh jgrk
gSA fygkt+k enksZa dh lcls menkg lQ igyh gS vkSj [okrhu dh vk[kjh
lQ csgrjhu lQ gSA vkSj vxj yksxksa dks igyh lQ dk lokc ekywe gks
tkrk rks dksbZ “k[l Hkh ogka rd rhjks ds flok uk igq¡p ldrk FkkA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
csgrjhu lQ igyh lQ gS vkSj ;g lQ Qfj”rksa dh lQ gS vkSj igyh
lQ esa vQt+y txg beke ds nkfgus ckt+q eas gSA vkius Qjek;k gS fd
lQks esa tgka dgh Hkh [kkyh txg jg tk;s mldks Hkh iwjk djks tks “k[l
igyh lQ dks eqdEey dj ldrk gS ;k ,slk “k[l tks igyh lQ ls
d+jhc gks rks mldks igyh lQ eqdEey djuh pkfg;s D;ksafd ;g ckr
rqEgkjs iSxEcj dks T+;knk ilan Fkh fygkt+k rqe yksx lQksa dks eqdEey
248
fd;k djks D;ksfd [kqnk vkSj Qfj”rsa mu yksxksa ij nq:n Hkstrs gS tks lQksa
dks reke djrs gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd lQksa dks reke djks
vxj rqees ls fdlh “k[l dks igyh lQ esa txg dh raxh eglwl gks rks
fiNyh lQ es vkus esa dksbZ gtZ ughaA mldks vius ihNs dh lQ reke
djuh pkfg;s vkSj vxj rqEgkjs vkxs dh lQ esa [kyy ¼[kkyh txg½ ut+j
vk, rks uekt+ dh gkyr esa drjkrs gq, tk dj ml txg dkss iwjk djus
esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd viuh lQks ds njfe;ku oLy
¼tksM+s gq,½ j[kks vkSj vius da/kks dks eqd+kfcy esa j[kks ,d nwljs ls vkxs
ihNs u j[kks ojuk rqEgkjs njfe;ku bf[rykQ iSnk gks tk;sxkA vkSj rqEgkjs
njfe;ku “kSrku [kyy vankt gks tk;sxk ftl rjg ls fd eSeus HksM+ksa dh
Vkaxksa ds njfe;ku ?kql tkrs gS tSls gt+Q+ dh vkSykn HkhM+ esa ?kql dj [kks
tkrh gSA gt+Q+ HksM+ksa ds NksVs dkys cPpksa dks dgrs gSA mldh okfgn
gt+Qk gSA jlwys vdjel-v-o- us lQks+ esa [kkyh txg gksus dh otg ls
“kSrku ds nkf[ky gksus dh r”kch;k ¼mnkgj.k½ HksM+ksa ds mu eseuksa ls nh
gS tks cM+h HksM+ksa ds njfe;ku ?kql tkrs gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us
eq>ls Qjek;k fd ,s vyhv-l- dHkh vldy dh gkyr esa [kM+s uk gksukA
eSaus vt+Z fd;k fd ,s jlwys [kqnklvo- ;s vlDy dk eryc D;k gS\ vkius
Qjek;k fd vldy ls ;g eqjkn gS fd rqe lQksa ds ihNs rUgk uekt+
i<+ksA ;kfu tc vkxs dh lQksa esa txg gks fiNyh lQ esa rUgk uekt+ u
i<+uk pkfg;sA ysfdu vxj txg gh uk gks rks fQj lQks ds ihNs rugk
uekt+ i<+us esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gS D;ksafd beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls
fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkils ,d ,sls “k[l dh ckcr iwNk x;k tks
,d d+kSe ds lkFk tekvr esa “kjhd gqvk vkSj og rugk bl gkyr ds
[kM+k gks x;k fd lQ es mlds flok vkSj dksbZ uk Fkk vkSj mlds vkxs dh
lQ esa txg rax Fkh rks vkius Qjek;k fd bl lwjr esa vxj mlus rUgk
uekt+ i<+ yh gS rks og tekvr ds lkFk “kqekj gksxkA
veh:y eqehuhu vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tgka rd gks lds rqe
lQ esa jgdj uekt+ i<+ks ysfdu tc txg gh rax gks tk;s rks vkxs vkSj
ihNs gksus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
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gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc dksbZ “k[l efLtn esa uekt+
i<+us ds fy;s vk, vkSj oks lQ esa nkf[ky u gks lds rks mldks ;s fd
Bhd beke ds eqdkfcy esa [kM+k gks tk;s ;g mlds fy;s dkQh gksxk
vycRrk lQ ds ckgj u fudy tk;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd lQksa dks eqdEey
gksuk pkfg;sA vkSj mudks ,d nwljs ls lkFk yxs gq, gksuk pkfg;sA vkSj
gj nks lQksa ds njfe;ku ,d vkneh ds /kM+ ds cjkcj Qklyk gksuk
pkfg;s ftl lQ ds njfe;ku blls de Qklyk gksxk rks mldh uekt+
tk;t+ uk gksxhA vki Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ esa beke ds djhc vD+yeUn
vkSj lkfgcs clhjr yksxks dks [kM+k gksuk pkfg;s rkfd beke vxj fd+jkvr
esa dqN [krk djs rks og mldks ryd+hu dj ldsA vki Qjekrs gS fd tc
[okrhu enksZ ds lkFk uekt+ c tekvr i<+s rks mudks vkf[kjh lQ esa
[kM+k gksuk pkfg;sA og u enksZ ds vkxs gks vkSj uk muds eqd+kfcy gksA
gkykafd tc enksZ vkSj vkSjrksa ds chp inkZ yxk gqvk gksA
uekt+ dh dSfQ;r dk c;kuuekt+ dh dSfQ;r dk c;kuuekt+ dh dSfQ;r dk c;kuuekt+ dh dSfQ;r dk c;kuuekt+ dh dSfQ;r dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gSa fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd reke vkeky uh¸;rks ls gksrs gS ftldh tSlh fu¸;r mldks
ogh feysxk A
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd fu¸;r ds cx+Sj uekt+ u i<+uh
pkfg;s vkSj vxj fdlh us uekt+ dh fu¸;r j[kdj uekt+ vnk dh vkSj
og uekt+ esa fdlh vkSj rjQ e”kxqy u gqvk rks mldh uekt+ ed+cwy
gS c”krsZa mlus t+kfgjh vkSj ckfruh nksuks uekt+ i<+h gksA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- bl vk;rs djhek %
QlfYy fy jfCcd% ougj 30&108@2 ds eqrkfcd+ Qjekrs gS fd blls
eqjkn uekt+ i<+rs oD+r nksuks gkFkksa dks eq¡g dh rjQ mBkuk gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tc rqe uekt+ i<+uk “kq: djks rks
igys nksuks gFksfy;ksa dks dkuksa ds eqd+kfcy Åapk djks vkSj mudks dkuks
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ls vkxs u ys tkvks vkSj nksuks gFksfy;ksa dks [kqyk j[kksa blds ckn rdchj
dgksA vki Qjekrs gs fd rdch:y ,gjke ls uekt+ dh bcfrnk gksrh
gS fygkt+k tks “k[l bldks rdZ dj ns oks fQj ls uekt+ i<+s rdchjk
dgus ds ckn uekt+ i<+rs oD+r gj Qvy ¼dke½ gjke gks tkrk gS vkSj
lyke QSjus ds ckn gj pht+ eqckg gks tkrh gS A
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gs fd tc rqe uekt+ i<+uk “kq: djks rks
;g nqvk i<+ks %
vYykgks vdcj oTtgrks otgh fyy yt+h Qrjl lekokfr oy vjn%
guhQu eqlfyeu oek vuk feuy eq”kfjdhu% bUul lykrh o uqlqdh o
eg;k;% o eekrh fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehu% ogngq yk “kjhd% ygw o
fct+kfyd% mfejrks o vuk feuy eqlfyehu rtqZek % vYykg lcls cM+k
gS eS t+ehu o vkleku ds [kkfyd+ dh rjQ lkjs tgk¡ ls drjkdj viuk
eq¡g djrk gq¡ eqlyeku gksus dh gkyr es eSa eq”kfjdksa es ls ugha g¡w] esjh
uekt+] esjh bcknr esjh ftanxh vkSj ekSr lc dqN jfCcy vkyehu ds
fy;s gS tks vdsyk gS mldk dksbZ “kjhd ugha gS eq>s blh ckr dk gqDe
fn;k x;k gS vkSj eSa eqlyekuksa esa ls gq¡A
rdchjrqy ,gjke ds ckn vbEek&,&rkfgfju ls cgqqr lh nqvk,a
ejoh gS ftudk ft+Ø geus bl fdrkc esa eq[rflj dj fn;k gS D;ksafd
bles dksbZ nqvk e[klql ugha gSA geus Åij gt+jr vyhv-l- ls tks nqvk
ud+y dh gS oks csgrj vkSj dkQh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS ^^fd oTtgrks otgh i<+us
ds ckn “kSrku ls iukg ekaxus ds fy;s vmt+ks fcYykfg feu””kSrkfuj~jthe
i<+uk pkfg;sA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ i<+rs oD+r viuh ut+j
ltns dh txg ij j[kuh pkfg;s vkSj uekt+ i<+rs oD+r vkleku dh
251
rjQ vk¡[k mBkdj u ns[kuk pkfg;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ i<+rs oD+r fd+Cyk ls eqg¡
Qsjuk ugh pkfg;s ojuk uekt+ Qkfln gks tk;sxh D;kasfd b”kkZns ckjh
rvkyk gS fd %
QofYy otgd% “krjy efLtfny gjkfe o gslks ek dqurqe QoYyw
oqtqgdqe “krjgw 2&2@150A vk¡[kksa ls [kkSQs bykgh dk bt+gkj djks vkSj
vkleku dh rjQ vk¡[k mBkdj u ns[kks] viuh ut+j lqtwn djus dh
txg ij j[kksA
,d erZck jlwys vdjel-v-o- efLtn es r”kjhQ yk, vkius vUl
fcu ekfyd dks ns[kk fd oks uekt+ es pkS ¼pkj½ rjQ ns[k jgs gSaA vkius
Qjek;k fd ,s vUl rqe bl rjg ls uekt+ i<+ks tSls rqe fonkv gks jgs
gks vkSj fQj mlds ckn dHkh uekt+ i<+us dk ekSd+k gkFk u vk,xkA rqe
viuh ut+j lqtqn nsus dh txg ij bl rjg j[kks dh ;g irk rd u
pys fd nka, cka, dkSu gS] vkSj bl ckr dk ;d+hu j[kks fd vYykg ds
lkeus [kM+s gks] oks rqe dks ns[k jgk gSa ysfdu rqe mldks ugha ns[k ldrsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS b”kkZn ckjh gSa fd %
vYyt+hu% gqe Qh lykfrfge [kkf”kÅu 18&23@2
ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd [kq”kqv ls eqjkn uekt+ es viuh vk¡[kksa dks uhps
j[kuk gSA vkius ;s Hkh Qjek;k fd vxj fdlh us fcYdqy viuk eq¡g
fd+Cyk ls fQjk fn;k rks mldh uekt+ d+rv ¼VwV xbZ½ gks xbZA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ dh cqfu;kn pkj pht+ksa ij
gS ¼1½ dkfey rkSj ls oqT+kw djuk ¼2½ :dqv djuk ¼3½ ltnk djuk ¼4½
[kq”kqv djukA jlwyYykglvo- dh f[kner es vt+Z fd;k Fkk fd , iSx+Ecjs
[kqnkl-v-o- [kq”kqv ls D;k eqjkn gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd uekt+ es rokt+ksv
o [kkdlkjh dk bf[r;kj djuk vkSj ;s fd cUnk fnyks tku ls vius
ijojfnxkj dh rjQ eqRroTtk gks bl rjg tc uekt+ i<+us okyk bu
pkjksa ckrksa dks vUtke ns nsrk gS rks mldh uekt+ vkleku dh tkfuc
bl gky es p<+rh gS fd mlesa ls uwj fudyrk gS ,slh uekt+ ds fy;s
252
vkleku ds njokt+s [kksy fn, tkrs gS ,slh uekt+ iqdkj dj dgrh gS fd
¼, uekt+ i<+us okys½ rqeus esjs reke vjdku dh fgQkt+r dh [kqnk
rqEgkjh fgQkt+r djsA vkSj Qfj”rs dgrs gS fd nw:n gks ,sls uekt+h ij
vkSj tc uekt+h uekt+ dh bu pkjksa ckrksa dks vPNh rjg vnk ugha djrk
rks ,slh uekt+ bl gky es jQv gksrh gS mleas ls tqYer fudyrh gS vkSj
mlds fy;s vkleku ds njokts+ cUn dj fn, tkrs gs vkSj oks uekt+
dgrh gS fd ¼,s uekt+h½ rqus eq>dks t+k,v dj fn;k [kqnk rq>dks t+k;sv
¼cjckn½ djs vkSj d+;ker ds fnu ,slh uekt+ mlds eq¡g ij Qsad nh
tk;sxhA
beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vki uekt+
i<+ jgs Fks fd vkids nks”k eqckjd ls pknj fxj iM+hA fQj Hkh vki uekt+
esa e'kxwy jgsA cvt+ vlgkc us vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z+ fd;k fd ,s
Qjt+Uns jlwyl-v-o- vkids nks'k eqckjd ls pknj fxj iM+h Fkh fQj Hkh vki
uekt+ esa e'kxwy jgs gkykafd vki gh us gesa blls jksdk FkkA vkius ml
'k[l ls Qjek;k fd rqEgsa dqN [kcj gS dh eSa fdlds lkeus [kM+k Fkk\
d+le c&[kqnk ft+Øs bykgh esa e'kx+wy gksus dh otg ls eSa blls xkfQy
gks x;k FkkA D;k rqedks ekywe gS fd cUns dh bruh gh uekt+ ed+cwys
ckjxkg gksrh gS ftruk dh oks uekt+ esa e'kx+wy jgrk gSA ml 'k[l us
vt+Z fd;k fd rc rks ge ,s Qjt+Uns jlwyv-l- gykd gks x;s ¼D;ksasfd
gedks bruh e'kxwfy;r ugha gksrhA½ beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- us Qjek;k
fd ,slk ugha gS cfYd [kqnk bl Qt+Z uekt+ dh deh dks u¶y uekt+ ls
iwjh dj nsrk gSA
beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- tc uekt+ ds fy;s oqT+kw djrs vkSj uekt+
i<+us dk vkxkt+ djrs rks ml oD+r vkidk psgjk eqckjd t+nZ gks tkrk
vkSj jax cny tkrk FkkA bl flyflys esa ,d nQk vkidh f[kner es
vt+Z fd;k x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd ,slk blfy;s gksrk gS fd ml oD+r
eSa ,d cgqr cM+s ckn'kkg ds njckj es tkus dk bjknk j[krk gq¡A
gt+jr beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k
gSa fd cUns dks uekt+ es bruk gh lokc feyrk gS ftruk fd oks uekt+
es e'kxwy jgrk gS vkSj tgk¡ uekt+ esa oge o xqeku iSnk gks x;k rks iwjh
uekt+ yisVdj muds eqg¡ ij Qsad nh tkrh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tc rqe rdchjrqy ,gjke
253
cksy pqdks rks uekt+ es e'kxwy gks tkvks D;ksafd tc rqe uekt+ es e'kxqy
jgksxs rks vYykg rvkyk rqEgkjh rjQ eqRroTtk gksxk vkSj tc uekt+ ls
eqg¡ Qsj yksxs rks vYykg rvkyk viuk eqg¡ Qsj ysxk vdlj ,slk gksrk
gS fd uekt+ dk vk/kk fgLlk vkleku rd igqaprk gS ;k rhljk fgLlk
;k pkSFkk ;k NV~Vk fgLlk ftl d+nz uekt+ i<+us okyk viuh uekt+ esa
e”kxwy jgrk gS vkSj [kqnk dh ckjxkg es ,slk fny ysdj ugha vkrk tks
tjkZ cjkcj Hkh mldh ;kn ls x+kfQy jgrk gksA vkSj vYykg rvkyk
x+kfQy cUns dks dqN Hkh ugha nsrkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS tc
nksuks gt+jkr uekt+ i<+us ds fy;s [kM+s gksrs Fks rks nksuks gt+jkr dk psgjk
vd+nl dHkh lq[kZ rks dHkh tnZ gks tkrk Fkk ,slk ekywe gksrk Fkk fd
xks;k nksuks gt+jkr fdlh ,slh t+kr ls eq[kkfrc gSa ftls oks [kqn ns[k jgs
gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- tc uekt+ i<+rs Fks rks ,slk
ekywe gksrk Fkk fd vki ,d teh gqbZ nhokj ;k [kM+k gqvk lqrqu gSA vki
t+jk Hkh fgyrs u Fks tc dHkh :dqv o lqtwn es tkrs rks vkids Åij
ifjUns cSB tkrs FksA veh:y eqehuhuv-l- vkSj beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l- ds
flok dksbZ nqljk 'k[l jlwy vdjev-l- dh uD+y ugha dj ldrk FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,d ,sls 'k[l ds eqRrkfyd+ iwNk
x;k tks uekt+ dh gkyr es dHkh ,d iSj ij vkSj dHkh nwljs iSj ij
vkjke dh x+tZ+ ls [kM+k gksrk gSA ;k fdlh lcc ds cx+Sj vkxs ihNs djrk
gSA D;k oks uekt+ dh gkyr esa ,slk dj ldrk gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd
vxj ;s uqek;ka rkSj ij u ekywe gks lds rks ,slk djus es dksbZ gtZ ugha
gS vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us uekt+ dh gkyr esa nksuks
iSjks ds njfe;ku QdZ+ djus ls euk Qjek;k gS vkSj ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS
fd nksuksa iSjksa ds njfe;ku Qklyk j[kuk ;gwn dk dke gS ysfdu T;knk
ls T;knk nks iSjks ds njfe;ku ,d ckfy'r dk Qklyk gksuk pkfg;s ;k
mlls de gks ysfdu nksuks dks bdVBk j[kk tk;s rks ;s vQt+y gS
gkykafd dksbZ et+Z gksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd tc rqe uekt+ i<+ks rks vius nkfgus gkFk dks ck,a gkFk ij
cka/k dj uekt+ u i<+ks vkSj u ck,a gkFk dks nkfgus gkFk ij cka/k dj
254
uekt+ i<+ks D;ksfd ;s dke vgys fdrkc ds dqQZ ds dke esa ls gS ysfdu
nksuks gkFkksa dks uhps dh rjQ fcYkdqy NksM+dj uekt+ i<+uk pkfg;s vkSj
;s T+;knk csgrj gS rkfd rqe viuh tku dks uekt+ es fdlh dke ds lkFk
e'kx+wy u j[k ldksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vius finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jv-l- us
gt+jr tkfcj fcu vCnqYykg vulkjhj-t- ls fjok;r uD+y dh gS fd ,d
erZck eq>ls jlwys vdjel-vo- us Qjek;k fd rqe uekt+ fdl rjg ls
i<+ksxsA eSaus vt+Z dh fd igys lwjv% Qkrsgk ¼vygEnks fyYykfg jfCcy
vkyehu½ i<+waxkk vkius Qjek;k fd ugha igys fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe
i<+ks fQj lwjv% vygEnks fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehu i<+ksA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- vkSj beke gluv-l- vkSj
beke gqlSuv-l- vkSj beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l-] beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ;s reke gt+jkr fcfLeYykfg
jZgekfu jZghe bfCrnkbZ nks jdvkr esa lwjv% Qkrsgk vkSj dksbZ nqljh lwjr
ls igys cqyUn vkokt+ ls i<+rs Fks ftu uekt+ksa esa fdz=jkvr cqyUn
vkokt+ ls i<+h tkrh gSaA vkSj ftu uekt+ksa esa fd+jkvr e[kQh i<+h tkrh
gS muesa fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe e[kQh ¼eu gh eu esa½ i<+rs FksA beke
t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ge reke vgys Qkfrekv-l- dk bl ij
bRrQkd+ gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd rd+ ;k esjk vkSj esjs
vkck&,&fdjke dk nhu gS exj bu rhu phtksa es rd+ ;k ugha gSA ¼1½
'kjkc ihus ¼2½ ekSts ij elkg djus ls ¼3½ vkSj fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe
dh fdjkvr tku cw>dj u i<+us esaA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd
fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe i<+us ds ckn gj ,d jdvkr es vygEnks
fyYykg ¼lwjv% Qkfrgk½ i<+uk pkfg;sA vkSj “kq: dh nks jdvkrks esa
vygEn i<+us ds ckn dksbZ nqljh lqjv% t+:j i<+uh pkfg;sA
lwjv% Qkrsgk i<+us ds ckn ml rjg vkehu dguk vbEek rkfgjhuvl-
ds ut+nhd ed:g gS tSlk dh vkokeqUukl dk bl ij vey gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vkehu dguk uljkfu;ksa
dk Qvy gS vki vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke vkSj jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls
fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd esjh mEer ges”kk 'kjhvrs gqLuk ij
d+k;e jgsxh tc rd fd oks fd+Cyk dks vius dneksa ls u jkSansxh vkSj
255
c&oD+r d+;ke ihB u Qsjsxh tSlk fd vgys fdrkc djrs gS vkSj tc
rd fd oks cqyUn vkokt+ ls vkehu u dgsaxsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
t+ksgj vkSj b'kk dh uekt+ es lwjv% eqjflykr vkSj o bt”'kElksa dqfOojr
tSlh lwjrsa i<+uk pkfg;s vkSj vlz dh uekt+ esa lwjv% oy vkfn;kr vkSj
vy d+kfjv% tSlh lwjrsa i<+uh pkfg;s vkSj ex+fjc dh uekt+ eas dqy
gqoyYykgks] bt+k tkv% tSlh lwjrsa i<+uh pkfg;s vkSj Qtz dh uekt+ esa
bu reke lwjrksa ls cM+h lwjrsa i<+uh pkfg;sA mles dksbZ e[klwl lwjv%
ugha gSA ge blls igys c;ku dj vk, gSa fd c&tekvr uekt+ esa
r[kQhQ djuk pkfg;s vkSj bl rjg uekt+ i<+uh pkfg;s tSls dksbZ
det+ksj o ukroka 'k[l uekt+ i<+rk gS D;ksfd uekt+ c&tekvr es cgqr
ls gktrean] chekj vkSj det+ksj yksx Hkh gksrs gSA vxj dksbZ rugk
uekt+ i<+rk gks vkSj oks nsj rd :dqv o lqtwn ij d+kfnj gks rks mlds
fy;s bles Qt+y o lokc gS vkSj uekt+s Qtz esa yEch lwjrsa i<+us esa dksbZ
gtZ ugh gSA vkSj t+ksgj o b'kk dh uekt+ esa njfe;kuh vkSj ex+fjc o
vlz eas NksVh lwjrs i<+uh pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki us Qjek;k fd
vxj fdlh 'k[l us uekt+ esa ,d lwjv% i<+uk 'kq: dj fn;k fQj mlus
mldks NksM+dj nwljh lwjv% i<+uk 'kw: dj fn;k rks ,slk djuk tk;t+
gSA vycRrk oks fuLQ lwjv% u i<+ pqdk gksA ysfdu vxj oks lwjv% dqy
gqoYykgks vgn mlus 'kw: dj fn;k gks rks mldks u NksM+s vkSj lwjrqy
tqEvk] lwjrqy equkfQd+hu uekt+s t+qEvk esa [kkl rkSj ls i<+uk pkfg;sA
mudks NksM+dj nqljh lwjv% u i<+uk pkfg;sA vkSj vxj lwjv% dqy
gqoYykgks vgn “kq: dj fn;k gks rks mldks NksM+dj lwjrqy tqEvk]
lwjrqy equkfQd+hu [kqlwlu uekt+sa tqEvk esa i<+uk pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj vkSj vkids
vkck&,&fdjke ls fjok;r gS vkagt+jrl-v-o-- us Qt+Z uekt+ esa ,d lwjv%
ls de i<+us ls euk Qjek;k vkSj Qt+Z uekt+ es rcbZt+qLlwjr ;kfu ,d
lwjv% esa ls dqN i<+k fQj nwljh esa ls dqN i<+kA blls euk Qjek;k gSA
bl rjg Qt+Z uekt+ esa lwjv% Qkrsgk ds ckn nks lwjrs u i<+uk pkfg;s
;kfu vygEn ds ckn ,d gh lwjv% pkgs cM+h gks ;k NksVh i<+uk pkfg;sA
u¶y uekt+ esa rcbZt+ ¼;kfu ,d lwjv% eas ls dqN fQj nwljh es ls dqN
256
i<+us½ dh :[klr gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls vk;rs djhek %
o jfRrfyy dqjvku% rjrhyk 29&73@4 dh ckcr iwNk x;k rks vkius
Qjek;k fd bldk eryc ;s gS fd iwjh otkgr ds lkFk fd+jkvr i<+uk
pkfg;sA jíh [ktwj dh rjg QSaduk u pkfg;s vkSj 'kvj o v'kvkj dh
rjg u i<+uk pkfg;s dqjvku ds edke vtkbc o x+jkbc ij :d tkvks
vkSj vius fny dks mlls eqrkflj djks vkSj rqees ls fdlh dk ;s bjknk
u gks fd oks tYn ls tYn vkf[kjh lwjv% rd igqap tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls uekt+ esa is'k&beke ds eqrkfYyd+
iwNk x;k fd tc oks lwjv% i<+s rks D;k mldks vius eqd+rnh;ksa ¼ihNs
uekt+ i<+us okyksa½ dks [okg fdrus gh T+;knk D;ks u gks fd+jkvr dks
lqukuk gh pkfg;s vkius Qjek;k fd njfe;kuh fd+jkvr djuh pkfg;s u
T+;knk cqyUn vkokt+ ls u T;knk /kheh vkokt+ lsA bldk c;ku [kqnk
oUns djhe us viuh fdrkc esa bl vk;rs djhek esa dj fn;k gSa %
oyk rtgj fclykfrd% oyk rq[kkfQr fcgk 15&17@110 rtZqek % ¼,s
jlwyl-v-o½ u rks viuh uekt+ cgqr fpYykdj i<+ks u fcydqy pqids lsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ esa fd+jkvr lqUur
gSa ;s dksbZ uekt+ ds Qjkbt+ esa ls ugh gSa vxj dksbZ 'k[l fd+jkvr Hkwy
x;k rks ml ij uekt+ dk bvknk ykt+eh ugh gSa ysfdu ftlus d+lnu
NksM+ nh gks rks mldh uekt+ tk;t+ ugh gksxh D;ksafd tku cq> dj
lqUUkr dk rdZ djuk jok ugh gSaA vkius Qjek;k fd de ls de uekt+
esa tks pht okftc gS oks rdchjrqy ,gjke :dq o lqqtqn gS ysfdu gqnqn
uekt+ es ls tks Qvy okftc gSa mldks NksM+s cxSj vnk djuk pkfg;s
vxj fdlh us venu ¼bjkns ls½ fd+jkvr dks NksM+ fn;k rks ml ij
bvknk ¼fQj ls i<+uk½ ykft+e gS vkSj vxj Hkwy x;k gks rks ml ij
bvknk okftc ugh gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj vkSj
vkck&,&fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o-
257
rdchjk rqy ,gjke ds ckn vki nksuksa gkFkks dks dkuksa ds eqd+kfcy mBkrs
Fks vkSj :dqv djrs oD+r vkSj :dqv ls lj mBkrs oD+r Hkh ,slk gh djrs
FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe :dqv esa tkvks rks
viuh nksuksa gFksfy;ksa dks vius xqVuksa ij j[kks vkSj viuh ihB QSyk, j[kks
vkSj lj dks uhpk Åapk u j[kksA jlwys vdjel-v-o- tc :dqv eas tkrs Fks
rks ml oD+r vkidh gkyr ;s gksrh Fkh fd vxj vkidh iq”r eqckjd ij
ikuh Hkh fxjk;k tk;s rks oks Bgj tkrk vkSj :dqv esa tc rqe tkvks rks
viuh vaxqfy;ksa dks nksuksa xqVuksa ij QSyk dj j[kks vkSj vaxqfy;ksa ds fljksa
dks xqVuksa ds fdukjs rd igq¡pkvksaA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd :dwv esa rhu ckj lqCgkuk jfCc;y vt+he i<+ksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- ls :dqv o
lqtwn dh nqvk,a cgqr fd+Le dh c&dljr ejoh gS ftudks geus yEckbZ
dh otg ls eq[rflj dj fn;k gSA rhu erZck dguk dkQh gS vkSj vxj
dksbZ rUgk uekt+ i<+rk gks rks vkSj dbZ ckj i<+s vkSj [kwc rwy ns rks mlds
fy;s T+;knk lokc gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ds fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd :dqv
esa ;s nqvk Hkh i<+h tkrh gS %
vYykgqEe% yd% jdvrks o yd% [k”kvrks o fcd% vkeUrks o vySd%
roDdyrks o vUr% jCch [k”kv yd% lEbZ o cljh o “kvjh o c”kjh o
ygeh o neh o eq[[kh o vlch o bt+keh oek vdYyr dnek;% xSj%
eqLrufdfQu oyk eqLrdfcfju oyk eqLrgflfju vu bcknfrd% oy
[kq”kqb yd% oRrT+kYyks fc rkvfrd%A
258
rtqZek&ckjs bykgk! eSaus rsjs fy;s :dwv o [kq”kqv fd;k gS vkSj rq> ij
bZeku yk;k gw¡A vkSj eSaus rq> ij Hkjkslk fd;k gSA cs”kd rw gh esjk jc gSA
ijojfnxkj! esjs dku esjh vka[k] esjs cky] esjh [kky] esjk xks”r] esjk [kwu
vkSj gfM~M;k¡ vkSj xqnkg vkSj iqB~Bksa us rsjs fy;s [kq”kqv fd;k gSA fdlh
fd+Le dh uk ilanxh vkSj bfLrdckj vkSj rsjh bcknr ls FkdkoV ds cx+Sj
vkSj eSaus rsjs fy;s [kqtqv fd;k vkSj rsjh brkvr ds okLrs t+yhy gqvk]
esjk jc vt+he ikd gS vkSj gEn o luk dk gd+nkj gSA mlds ckn lqCgku%
jfCc;y vt+he rhu erZck i<+ks vkSj tc :dwv ls flj mBkvks rks
lfevYykgks fyeu gfenk dgks blds ckn jCcuk ydy gEnks dgksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- ls :dwv
ds ckn cgqr lh nqvk,a ejoh gS muesa ls ,d ;s gS %
vYykgqEek jCcuk ydy gEnks &&& vygEnks fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehu
vgfyy tc:fr oy fdcfj;kb fcy vt+%efr oy tykfy oy dqnjfr
vYykgqEex fQjyh ojgeuh otcqjuh ojQvuh QbUuh fyek vUt+yr%
by¸;% feu [kSfju Qd+h:uA
rtqZek% ckjs bykgk! rw gh gEn o luk dk lt+kokj gSA reke lrkbZ”k ml
[kkfyds d+k;ukr ds fy;s lt+kokj gS tks lkfgc o fdcjh;k vkSj vt+er
o tyky vkSj dqnjr dk ekfyd gSA ijojfnxkj! rw eq>s c[“k ns vkSj
esjh bLykg dj ns vkSj cqyUn dj ns D;ksafd rwus [kSj esa ls tks [kSj esjh
rjQ ukft+y Qjek;k gS mldk eSa eksgrkt gw¡A
vxj dksbZ rUgk uekt+ i<+rk gks rks bl fd+Le dh nqvk,a i<+s
ysfdu uekt+ c&tekvr esa lfevYykgks fyeu gfenk i<+uk dkQh gSA ;s
cqyUn vkokt+ ls dguk pkfg;s vkSj jCcuk ydy gEnks vius fny esa
dguk pkfg;s blds ckn rdchjk cksy dj ltnk fd;k tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe :dwv ls ltns
esa tkus ds fy;s lh/ks [kM+s gks tkvks vkSj ltns esa tkus ds fy;s >qdks rks
xqBus Vsdus ls igys vius nksuksa gkFkksa dks t+ehu ij j[kks vkSj tc rqe
ltnk djks rks rqEgkjh nksuksa gFksfy;k¡ t+ehu ij QSyh gqbZ gks vkSj
259
vaxqfy;ksa ds fljs nksuksa dkuksa ds eqd+kfcy gks tSls fd rdchjk&rqy&vgjke
ds oD+r djrs gks vkSj viuh nksuksa dksgfu;ka Åij dks mBk, j[kks nksuksa
cktqvksa dks t+ehu ij u fcNkvks vkSj viuh iS”kkuh vkSj ukd t+ehu ij
yxk;s j[kks vkSj nksuksa vklrhuksa ls vius gkFkksa dks ckgj fudkydj t+ehu
ls yxkvks ;k ml eqlYys ij ftl ij rqe uekt+ i<+rs gks] vekek ds
fdukjs ij ltnk u djksA mldks viuh iS”kkuh ls gVk nks iS”kkuh dks de
ls de ,d fnjge ¼flDdk½ ds cjkcj t+ehu ls yxkuk ;s ltnk esa
lqCgku% jfCc;y vkvyk o rvkyk rhu ckj dguk pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke ls bl
flyflys esa c&dljr nqvk,a eudwy gS ysfdu is”k beke ds fy;s ;gh
vQt+y gS fd oks rhu erZck lqCgku% jfCc;y vkvyk o rvkyk dgs vkSj
vxj dksbZ rUgk uekt+ i<+rk gks rks ltns esa ;s nqvk i<+ ldrk gS %
vYykgqEe% yd% ltnrks o fcd% vkeUrks o vySd% roDdyrks o vUr%
jCch o bykgh ltn% otgh fyYyt+h [kyd+gw o lOojgw o “kD+d+% levgw
o cljgw vYykgks jCcqy vkyehuA
rtqZek% ckjs bykgk! eSaus rsjs fy;s ltnk fd;k vkSj eSa rq> ij bZeku yk;k
vkSj Hkjkslk j[kk] cs”kd rw gh esjk jc vkSj esjk [kqnk gSA esjs psgjs us ml
t+kr ds fy;s ltnk fd;k ftlus bldks iSnk fd;k vkSj lwjr cukbZ vkSj
dku o vk¡[k cuk;k fQj lqCgku% jfCc;y vkvyk o rvkyk rhu erZck
i<+sA
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls nks ltnksa ds njfe;ku cdljr nqvk,a
eudwy gS ftudk ft+Ø cgqr gh rwy rohy gS ysfdu muesa ls rqe bl
nqvk dks i<+ks %
vYykgqEex fQjyh ojgeuh otcqjuh ojQvuhA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe ltns ls mBus
dk bjknk djks rks vius nksuksa gkFkksa dks cUn u dj yks ;kfu bl gky esa
260
nksuks dk lgkjk u yks fd oks cUn gks cfYd nksuksa gkFkksa dks [kqyk j[krs gq,
mudk lgkjk yks vkSj [kM+s gks tkvksA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- tc ltns ls mBrs rks ;s nqvk
i<+rs Fks %
vYykgqEe% fcgksfyd% odqOofrd% vdweks o vd+mnksA
rtqZek % ckjs bykgk rsjh gh nh gqbZ dqnjr o dqOor ls eSa mBrk cSBrk gw¡A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- “kq: dh nks jdkvr i<+us ds ckn
t+ksgj] vlz vkSj ex+fjc o bZ”kk dh uekt+ esa r”kggqn dh igyh nqvk bl
rjg ls i<+rs Fks %
fcfLeYykfg o fcYykfg oy vlek my gqLuk dqYyqgk fyYykfg o
v”kgnks vu yk bykgk bYyYykgks ogngw yk “kjhd% ygw o v”kgnks vUu%
eksgEenu vCnqgw o jlwyqgw vYykgqEe% lfYy vyk eksgEefnu uchf¸;d% o
rdCcy “kQkvrgq Qh mEergh o lYys vyk vgys cSfrghA
rtqZek % [kqnk ds uke vkSj okLrs ls eSa “kq: djrk gw¡] reke vLek&,&gqLuk
mlds fy;s lt+kokj gS ]eSa bl ckr dh xokgh nsrk gw¡ fd vYykg rvkyk
ds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha gS vkSj mldk dksbZ “kjhd ugha gS vkSj eSa bl ckr
dh Hkh xokgh nsrk gw¡ fd eqgEenl-v-o- vYykg ds cUns vkSj mlds jlwy gSa
ijojfnxkj! rq vius iSxEcj eqgEenl-v-o- ij nq:n Hkst vkSj mEer ds
fy;s mudh “kQkvr dks dqcwy djuk vkSj muds vgys cSr ij nq:n vksj
lyke HkstA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke ls r”kggqn
dh cgqr lh nqvk,a eudwy gSa ysfdu r”kggqn dh csgrjhu nqvk dksbZ
e[klwl nqvk ugha gS fd ftlds flok nwljh nqvk uk i<+h tk ldsA
261
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki nwljs r”kggqn esa
;s nqvk i<+rs Fks %
fcfLeYykfg o fcYykfg vRrfg¸;krks fyYykfg vrf¸;ckrks rfgjkrql
lyokrqT+t+kfd;krqy glukrqy xkfn;krqj jkbgkrqu ukbekrql lfcxkr
fyYykfg ekrkc% o [kyql% o lyqg% o t+dk QfyYykfg v”kgnks vu yk
bykg% bYyYykgks ogngw yk “kjhd% ygw o v”kgnks vUu% eksgEenu vCngw
o jlwygw vjlygw fcygqnk o nhfuy gfD+d+ c”khjao o ut+hju cSu%
;nf;l lkvfr v”kgnks vUuYykg% usvej jCcks o vUu% eksgEenu usvej
jlwyks o v”kgnks vUu% vyh;u usvey oyh;ksA rtqZek & ^^eSa [kqnk ds
uke vkSj olhys ls “kq: djrk gw¡A rfg¸;kr ¼eqYd½ vYykg ds fy;s gS
ikdht+k phtsa] ikdht+k uekt+s] lqcg vkSj “kke esa dh tkus okyh usfd;ka
vkSj reke usversa vYykg ds fy;s gS vkSj ftruh Hkh r¸;c ¼ikd½ vkSj
[kkfyl ¼vPNh½ o lkysg ¼usd½ pht+sa gSa oks lc vYykg ds fy;s gSa] eSa
xokgh nsrk gw¡ fd vYykg ds flok dksbZ ekcwn vkSj mldk dksbZ “kjhd
ugha gSa vkSj eSa bl ckr dh xokgh nsrk gw¡ fd eqgEenl-v-o- vYykg ds cUns
vkSj mlds Hksts gq, iSx+Ecj gSa mudks vYykg rvkyk us fgnk;r vkSj nhus
gd nsdj Hkstk gS vkSj mudks d;ker ls igys tUur dh c”kkjr nsus
okyk vkSj tgUue ls Mjkus okyk cukdj Hkstk gSA eSa bl ckr dh “kgknr
nsrk gw¡ fd vYykg rvkyk csgrjhu jc gS vkSj eqgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o--
csgrjhu jlwy gS vkSj vyhv-l- csgrjhu oyh gSA
262
bl nqvk ds ckn ftl d+nz pkgksa rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh
csgrjhu ls csgrjhu gEnks lukv dj ldrs gks vkSj eqgEenl-v-o- o vkys
eqgEenvl- ij lyokr HkstksA fQj viuh tku ds fy;s dqN ekaxksa vkSj tks
nqvk pkgks djks tc blls Qkfjx+ gks pqdks rks uchl-v-o- ij lyke i<+ks oks
bl rjg ls fd %
vLlykeks vySd% v¸;qgu uch¸;ks o jgerqYykfg o cjdkrqgq vLlykeks
vyk eksgEefnfCu vfCnYykfg vLlykeks vyk eksgEenu jlwfyYykfg
vLlykeks vySuk o vyk bckfnYykfgl lkfyghu
rtqZek % ,s iSxEcjl-v-o- vki ij lyke gks vkSj [kqnk dh jger o cjdr
ukfty gks lyke gks eqgEen bCus vCnqYykg ij lyke gks eqgEen
jlwyYykgl-v-o- ij lyke gks ge ij vkSj vYykg ds usd cUnksa ijA
bl flyflys esa vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls cgqr lh nqvk,a eudwy gS
ftlls irk pyrk gS fd blesa dksbZ ,slh nqvk [kkl ugha dh xbZ gS fd
ftldks NksM+dj dksbZ nwljh nqvk uk i<+h tk ldsA ysfdu ge tks nqvk
uD+y dj jgs gSa oks csgrjhu nqvk gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tc rqe uekt+ i<+ pqdks
rks nkfgus tkfuc lyke QSjrs oD+r bl rjg ls dgks % vLlykeks vySdqe
o jgerqYykfg o cjdkrqgq fQj ck,a rjQ Hkh eqag QSj dj dgks %
vLlykeks vySdqe o jgerqYykfg o cjdkrqgq
uekt+ i<+us ds ckn nqvk ek¡axus dk c;kuuekt+ i<+us ds ckn nqvk ek¡axus dk c;kuuekt+ i<+us ds ckn nqvk ek¡axus dk c;kuuekt+ i<+us ds ckn nqvk ek¡axus dk c;kuuekt+ i<+us ds ckn nqvk ek¡axus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkck&,&rkfgjhu vkSj veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r
gS fd jlwys vdjelv-o- us Qjek;k gS fd tks “k[l vius elYys ij
nks&t+kuw ij cSBdj ft+Øs bykgh esa e”kxwy jgrk gSA [kqnk oUns rvkyk
ml ij ,d ,slk Qfj”rk eqd+jZj dj nsrk gS tks ;s dgrk jgrk gS fd ,s
263
Qqyka “k[l rsjk “kjQ T+;knk gks] rsjs vkeky&ukes esa usfd;ka d+yecUn dh
tkrh gS vkSj cqjkbZ;ka feVkbZ tkrh gS vkSj rsjs okLrs njtkr eqd+jZj fd;s
tkrs gS ;s ml oD+r rd dgrk gS tc rd oks “k[l vius eqlYys ls
mBdj ugha pyk tkrkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ ls igys vkSj uekt+ ds ckn
nqvk ekaxh tk ldrh gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vk;rs djhek
^^ Qbt+k QjXr% QfUlc o byk jfCcd% Qjxc ** ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs gS
fd QtZ+ uekt+ vnk djus ds ckn nqvk djuk pkfg;s mldks rqe rdZ u
djuk D;ksafd Qt+Z uekt+ ds ckn mldk Qt+y o lokc oSlk gh gS tSls
fd Qt+Z uekt+ dk Qt+y o lokc u¶y uekt+ ij gSA blds ckn vkius
Qjek;k fd ijojfnxkjs vkye dk b”kkZn gS fd %
mnÅuh vLrftc ydqe bUuy yt+hu% ;Lrdfc:u% vu bcknrh
l&;n[kqywu% tgUue% nkf[kjhu
rtqZek % eq>s iqdkjks eSa rqedks tokc nwaxk cs”kd tks yksx esjh bcknr ls
bfLrdckj ¼nwj Hkkxrs gS½ djrs gSa oks vud+jhc tgUue esa t+yhy o [okj
gkyr esa nkf[ky gksaxsA
vQt+y rjhu bcknr nqvk gS vkSj bl vk;rs djhek esa mlh ls
eqjkn gSA vk;rs djhek
^^ bUu% bczkghe% y gyhequ vOokgqe equhc ** ds eqrkfcd+ vkils iwNk x;k
rks vkius Qjek;k fd vOokgqe ls eqjkn gS cgqr nqvk djus okykA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrsa gS fd Qt+Z uekt+ vnk djus d ckn nqvk
djuk u¶y uekt+ ls vQt+y gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls nks ,sls
“k[lksa ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k tks nksuksa ,d oD+r ltns esa x;s vkSj nksuksa us
,d gh oD+r esa uekt+ i<+uk “kq: fd;kA ,d us T+;knk nqvk dh nwljs us
dqjvku T+;knk i<k+ rks muesa vQt+y dkSu gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd gj ,d
“k[l ds fy;s Qt+y o lokc gS vkSj gj ,d esa csgrjh gSA vt+Z fd;k
264
x;k fd gesa ;s rks ekywe gS ysfdu ge ;s tkuuk pkgrs gSa fd nksuksa esa
vQt+y dkSu gqvk\ vkius Qjek;k fd nqvk vQt+y gSaA D;k rqedksa [kqnk
dk ;g b”kkZn ekywe ugha gS %
mnÅuh vLrftc ydqe bUuy yt+hu% ;Lrdfc:u% vu bcknrh
l&;n[kqywu% tgUue% nkf[kjhuA
rtqZek ^^eq>s iqdkjks eSa rqedks tokc nwaxk cs”kd tks yksx esjh bcknr ls
bfLrdckj djrs gSa oks vudjhc tgUue esa t+yhy o [okj gkyr esa
nkf[ky gksaxs**A [kqnk dh d+le ;s vQt+y gS] [kqnk dh d+le ;gh
vQt+y gSa] [kqnk dh d+le ;gh vQt+y gSA D;k ;s bcknr ugha] [kqnk dh
d+le ;s bcknr gSA [kqnk dh d+le ;s bcknr gSA [kqnk dh d+le ;s
bcknr gSA D;k ;s nq”kokj ¼eqf”dy½ dke ughaA [kqnk dh d+le ;s nq”okj
gS] [kqnk dh d+le ;s nq”okj gS] [kqnk dh d+le ;s nq”okj gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- tc Qtz dh nks jdkvr i<+ pqdrs
ftls vki rqyqv Qtz ds ckn i<+rs Fks rks ml oD+r vki nkfgus igyq ij
Vsd yxkdj viuk nkfguk gkFk nkfgus xky ds uhps j[krs vkSj fQj
fd+cyk :[k gksdj ;s nqvk i<+rs Fks %
265
bLreldrks fc&mjofrYykfgy oqLdy yrh yu fQlke% ygk ovrlErks
fc gcfyYykfgy erhfu vÅt+ks fcYykfg feu “kj~fj “k;krhfuy bfUl oy
ftfUu vÅt+ks fcYykfg feu “kj~fj Qldfry vjfc oy vtfe gfLc;Yykgks
roDdyrks vyYykfg vy tkvrks t+gjh byYykfg rycrks gktrh
feuYykfg ykgksy% oyk dqOofr bYyk fcYykfgy vyhf;y vt+he
vYykgqEet vy yh uwju Qh d+Ych o uwju Qh lebZ o uwju Qh cljh
o uwju Qh fylkuh o uwju Qh “kvjh o uwju Qh c”kjh o uwju Qh ygeh
o uwju Qh neh o uwju Qh bt+keh o uwju Qh vlch o uwju fee cS;fu
;n¸;% o uwju feu [kyQh o uwju vU; ;ehuh o uwju vu f“kekyh o
uwju feu Qksd+h o uwju feu rgrh o uwju Qh d+cjh vYykgqEe% vfT+t+e
yh uwju o fuveru o lw:jkA
rtqZek % ^^ eSus vYykg rvkyk ds bl etcwr nLrs dks idM+k gS tks dHkh
VwVus okyk ugha gS vkSj vYykg rvkyk dh etcwr jLlh dks idM+k gS eSa
ftUuksa vkSj bUlkuksa ds “kj ls [kqnk dh iukg ekaxrk gw¡A vjc vkSj vte
ds Qkfld+ksa ls [kqnk dh iukg ekaxrk gw¡A [kqnk esjs fy;s dkQh gSA eSaus ml
266
ij ,vfrekn ¼Hkjkslk½ fd;k gS eSaus vYykg gh dh rjQ vkljk fy;k gSa
eSaus vYykg ls viuh gktr ekaxh gSA vYykg ds flok dksbZ rkd+r o
dqnjr ugha gSA ckjs bykgk! esjs fny] vk¡[k] dku] t+cku] cky] [kky] [kwu]
xks”r] gM~Mh vkSj jxksa esa uwj tkjh dj ns vkSj esjs vkxs&ihNs] nk,&ck,a
Åij&uhps uwj tkjh dj nsA ijojfnxkj! rw esjs fy;s uwj vkSj usver o
lq:j dks T+;knk dj nsA**
blds ckn vkSj lwjv% vkys&bejku dh vk[kjh ik¡p vk;rsa i<+rs
Fks %
bUu% Qh [kyfdLlekokfr oy vjfn & & & & bUud% yk rq[kfyQqy
ehvkn 4&3@190&194 rd nqvk i<+rs FksA
blds ckn ;g nqvk i<+rs Fks %
lqCgku% jfCcLl lckfg o Qkfyfd+y bLckfg o tkbfyy ySfy lduo
o””kefl oy d+efj gqLckuk rhu ckj vYYkgqEet vy vOoy% ;kseh gkt+k
lykgu o volrgw Qykgu o vkf[kjgw utkgu vYYkkgqEe% eu vLcg% o
gktrgw o rfycrgw byk e[kywfdu Q bUu% gktrh o rfycrh bySd%
ognd% yk “kjhd% yd%A rtqZek % ijojfnxkj ! rw esjs vkt ds bcfrnkbZ
fgLls dks esjs fy;s csgrj cuk vkSj chp ds fgLls dks dke;kc cuk vkSj
vkf[kjh fgLls dks utkr cukA ijojfnxkj! vxj dksbZ “k[l lqcg
mBdj fdlh e[kywd+ ls viuh eqjkn ekaxrk gS rks eSa viuh gktr vkSj
eqjkn rsjs lkeus is”k djrk gw¡ rw okfgn gS vkSj rsjk dksbZ “kjhd ugha gSA
blds ckn vk;rqy dqlhZ vkSj dqy vÅt+ks cs jfCcy Qyd+ vkSj
dqy vÅt+ks cs jfCcu ukl i<+rs Fks blds ckn vki ,d lkS ¼100½ erZck
i<+rs Fks % lqCgku% jfCc;y vt+hfe o fcgfEngh vLrxfQ:Yykg o vrqcks
267
bySfgA vki Qjekrs Fks tks “k[l bl rjg ls nqvk ekaxsxk rks [kqnk mlds
fy;s tUur esa ,d ?kj cuk nsxkA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- dk b”kkZn gS fd d+le gS ml ijojfnxkj dh
ftlds d+Ct+s esa eqgEenl-v-o- dh tku gS vxj dksbZ “k[l rqyq&,&Qtz ds
ckn rqyq&,&vkQrkc rd nqvk djs rks gktr cjkjh ds fy;s ml “k[l
ls T;knk dke;kc nqvk gS tks vius eky o vlckc dks mBk, “kgj
nj&”kgj cxjts+ frtkjr lQj djrk gSA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- Qjekrs gS rqees ls vxj dksbZ “k[l uekt+s Qtz vnk
djus ds ckn rqyqv&,&vkQrkc rd ft+Øs bykgh esa e”kxwy jgs rks
mldks gt dk lokc feysxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe uekt+ i<+us
[kM+s gks rks ;s nqvk i<+ks %
fcfLeYykfg o fcYykfg o feuYykfg o byYykfg o dek”kkvYykgks
oyk dqOor% bYyk fcYykfg vYykgqEet vyuh feu tqOokfjd% o mEekfj
elkftfnd% oQrg yh ckc% jgefrd% o vxfyd% vUuh ckc% evfl;frd%
vygEnks fyYykfgy yt+h tvyuh feEeu ;qukthfg vYykgqEe% vd+fcy
vy¸;% fc otfgd% tYy% lukmd%A rtqZek % [kqnk ds uke vkSj roLly
ls [kqnk dh rjQ ls vkSj [kqnk dh rjQ vkSj mldh ef”k¸;r ds
eqrkfYyd+ vYykg ds flok dksbZ rkd+r ugha gS ijojfnxkj! rw eq>s viuh
ft+;kjr djus okyksa vkSj rsjh efLtnksa ds vkckn djus okyksa esa ls cuk ns
vkSj eq> ij viuh jger dk njokt+k [kksy vkSj eq> ij rsjh ekvfl;r
dk njoktk cUn dj ns reke gEn ml vYykg ds fy;s gS ftlus eq>dks
vius equktkr djus okyksa esa ls cuk;kA ijojfnxkj rw esjh rjQ eqroTtk
gksA rsjh gEnks lukv vt+he gS reke lrkb”k vYykg ds fy;s gSA bl
nqvk ds ckn uekt+ “kq: djksA veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs
268
gS fd vxj dksbZ “k[l bl ckr ls [kq”k gksrk gS fd mldks iwjk&iwjk
lokc feys rks uekt+ i<+us ds ckn ;s nqvk i<+s %
lqCgku% jfCcd% jfCcy bT+t+fr vEek ;flQwu o lykequ vyy eqjlyhu
oy gEnks fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehuA
vki Qjekrs gS fd vxj uekt+s Qtz ds ckn dksbZ “k[l vius eqlYys ij
cSBdj rqyqv vkQrkc rd nl erZck dqy gqoy ykgks vgn i<+s rks oks
“kSrku ds gln djus ds ckotwn ml fnu fdlh xqukg dk eqjrdc u
gksxkA vki Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd ,s vyhv-l- gj
uekt+ ds ckn vk;rqy dqlhZ i<+ks D;ksafd bldh ikcUnh uch] vkSj
fln~nhd+ vkSj “kghn ds flok nwljk dksbZ ugha dj ldrkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ “k[l uekt+
i<+dj eqlYys ls gVus ls igys rLchg&Qkfrek djs rks [kqnk mlds
xqukgksa dks ekQ dj nsxkA rLchgs Qkfrek ds eqrkfYyd+ veh:y eqvfeuhu
vyhv-l- ls ;s fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck “kkgkus vte esa ls ,d ckn”kkg
us jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh f[kner esa ,d xqyke Hkstk FkkA ml oD+r eSaus
Qkfrekv-l- ls dgk rqe vius fy;s jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls ,d [kkfne ekax yksA
Qkfrekv-l- vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh f[kner esa vkbZ vkSj muls [kkfne dk loky
fd;kA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us ;s iwjk okfd+vk lquk;k FkkA ftldks geus
eq[rlj dj fn;k gSA tc gt+jr Qkfrekv-l- us [kkfne ekaxk rks vkius
Qjek;k fd ,s Qkfrek eSa rqedks ,d ,slh pht+ nw¡xk tks blls csgrj gS
oks ;g fd rqe gj uekt+ ds ckn 33 erZck vYykgks vdcj dgks vkSj 33
erZck vygEnks fyYykg vkSj 33 erZck lqCgkuYykg vkSj fQj vkf[kj esa
Ykk bykg% byYykgA ;g rLchg nqfu;k oek Qhgk ¼nqfu;k dh reke
gktrsa½ ls vkSj tks [kkfne rqeus ryc fd;k gS mlls csgrj gSA pqukaps
gt+jr l¸;nk Qkfrekv-l- gj uekt+ ds ckn ;s rLchg djrh FkhA fygkt+k
;s rLchg] rLchgs Qkfrekv-l- ds uke ls e”kgwj gks xbZA
rLchgs Qkfrekv-l- ij tks “k[l ykft+e jgsxk rks mls lkS ¼100½
usfd;ksa dk lokc feysxk vkSj ,d usdh [kqnk ds ut+nhd nl xquk usfd;ksa
ds cjkcj gS vkSj ml “k[l ds ukek&,&vkeky esa gj uekt+ ds ckn ,d
269
gtkj usfd;k¡ fy[kh tk;sxhA bl ckr dk rks ogh “k[l badkj dj ldrk
gS tks [kqnk ds lokc ls ukokfd+Q gSA
[kqnk oUns rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
Qt+dq:uh vt+dqjdqe 2&2@152A
rtqZek% rqe gekjh ;kn j[kks rks eSa Hkh rqEgkjk ft+Ø [kSj d:¡xkA il vxj
fdlh us vYykg ds b”kkZn ds eqrkfcd+ mldk ft+Ø fd;k [kqlqlu
brkvr ds oD+r [kqnk dks ;kn fd;k gS rks [kqnk mldks viuh jger o
fjt+oku ls uokt+sxkA ysfdu yksxksa dks bldk dksbZ bYe ugha gSA cvt+
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l ls fjok;r gS fd yksx ed+kes xQyr esa gSA vey rks
djrs gS ysfdu mudks bldk bYe ugha gS D;ksafd bdfrlkc ¼gkfly½
bYe ,slh txg ls djrs gS ftldk mUgsa dksbZ bYe ugha gSA tc oks nkjs
vkf[kjr dh rjQ equrfd+y gks tk;sxs rks ;d+hu dh nqfu;k esa igq¡p
tk;saxs tgk¡ mudks lc pht+ dk bYe rks gks tk;sxk ysfdu oks vey u
dj ldsaxsA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d nQk vki csx;kg ¼ohjku½
ed+ke esa mrjs vkSj vkius vius vlgkc ls Qjek;k fd tkvks gekjs okLrs
ydfM+;k pqudj ykvks yksxksa us vt+Z fd;k fd ,s [kqnk ds lPps jlwyl-v-
o- vki rks tkurs gSa fd ge bl oD+r pVSy eSnku esa gSa vkil-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd ydM+h dh ryk”k esa rqe esa ls gj ,d e”kxwy gks tkvks vkSj
gj ,d viuh rkd+r ds eqrkfcd+ ryk”k djsA pqukaps glcs Qjeku muesa
ls gj ,d&,d nks ¼2½ nks ¼2½ fruds ykus yxsA ;gk¡ rd dh vkids ikl
ydfM+;ksa dk ,d cgqr cM+k vEckj yx x;kA ;s ns[kdj vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd esjk ed+ln blls ;s Fkk fd eSa rqe yksxksa ds okLrs ,d felky
is”k d:¡ fd bl rjg ls usfd;k¡ tek gksrh gS vkSj cqjkb;ka Hkh blh rjg
tek gksrh gSA il [kqnk dh jger gks ml “k[l ij ftlus vius u¶l
ds eqvkeys ij x+kSj fd;kA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ,d erZck eq>ls jlwys
vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k fd rqeesa ls dksbZ ekewyh lh Hkh usdh djs rks mldks
gd+hj [;ky u djuk pkfg;sA [okg oks vius Mksy ls nwljs ds crZu esa
ikuh dk d+rjk mlh dks D;ksa u Mkyrk gksA bl flyflys esa nwljh
270
cdljr vk;rsa okfjn gqbZ gSA bU”kk&vYykg ge mudk ft+Ø muds
ed+ke ij djsaxsA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- tc uekt+ ls Qkfjx+ gksrs rks nkfguh
rjQ iyV dj eqlYys ls mBrs blds ckn lQks dks phj dj ckgj fudy
tkrsA
vki QtZ+ uekt+ ds ckn ;s nqvk i<+rs Fks %
rEe% uw:d% QgnSr% Qydy gEnks o vt+qe% fgYeqd% QvQksr% Qydy
gEnks o clr~r% ;nd% QvvrSr% Qydy gEnks jCcuk otgqd% vdjeqy
oqtwfg o tkgqd% [kS:ytkfg o vfr¸;rqd% vuQmy vrh¸;kfr o vgumgk
rqrkvks jCcuk Qr”kdqjks o rqvlk jCcuk QrxfQjks rqthcks nqvkvy
eqLrfjZ o r”kfQl ldhe% o rqUth feuy djfcy vt+he o rd+Ccyqr
rkScr% o rxfQ:t+ t+quwc% yk ;tt+h fc vkykbd% vgnqu oyk ;qglh
usvefrd% dk+Syks d+kbfyuA
rtqZek % ^^ckjs bykgk! rsjk uwj uwj reke gS rwus fgnk;r nh gS il reke
gEnks lrkb”k rsjs gh fy;s gS vkSj rsjs fgYe o cqjnckjh dk nk;jk cgqr
olhv gS il rwus ekQ dj fn;k gSA il reke gEnks lukv rsjs fy;s gS
rwus viuk gkFk [kksy fn;k gS il rwus vfr;k fn;k] il rw gh gEnks lukv
dk lt+kokj gSA ijojfnxkj! rsjk psgjk reke pht+ksa ls T+;knk ck&bT+t+r
gS vkSj rsjk erZck reke ejrcksa ls cqyUn o cM+rj gS vkSj rsjk vfr;k
reke vfr;kr ls T;knk uQkv c[“k vkSj [kq”kxokj gSA ijojfnxkj! rsjh
brkvr dh tkrh gS rks rw “kqØ djrk gS vkSj tc rsjh ukQjekuh dh tkrh
271
gS rks rw c[“k nsrk gS] ijojfnxkj! rw etcwj o csdl dh nqvk lqurk gS
vkSj rw gh chekjksa dks f”kQkv nsrk gSA vkSj nnksZa rdyhQ ls futkr nsrk
gSA vkSj rw gh rkSck dqcwy djrk gS vkSj xqukgksa dks ekQ djrk gS] rsjs
,sglkukr dk dksbZ cnyk ugha ns ldrk vkSj u dksbZ rsjh usverksa dks
“kqekj dj ldrk gSA**
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe uekt+ i<+ pqdks
rks gj uekt+ ds ckn ;s nqvk i<+ks %
vYykgqEe% yd% lYySr% o fcd% vkeUrks o b¸;kd% nvorks o b¸;kd%
jtksrks Qvlvyqd% vu rtvy yh Qh lykrh o nqvkbZ cjdru
rqdQfQjks fcgk lf¸;vkrh o rqcf¸;t+ks fcgk otgh o rqdfjZeks fcgk
ed+keh o rgqRrks fcgk vUuh fot+jh vYykgqEe% vgrqr vUuh fot+jh
otvy ek bUnd% [kSju yh vygEnks fyYykfgy yt+h dt+k vUuh
lykru dkur vy¸;% o vyy eqvfeuhu% fdrkcu ekSdqrkA
rtqZek% ckjs bykgk! rsjs fy;s eSaus uekt+ i<+h vkSj eSa rq> ij bZeku yk;k
vkSj eSaus rq>s iqdkjk vkSj rq>ls mEehn cka/khA il eSa rq>ls bruk loky
djrk gw¡ fd rw esjh uekt+ vkSj nqvk esa cjdr Qjek vkSj blls esjs xqukgksa
dks feVk ns vkSj esjs psgjs dks jks”ku Qjek vkSj blls esjs edku dks ck
bT+t+r cuk ns vkSj bl uekt+ vkSj nqvk ls esjs xqukgksa dks ekQ Qjek vkSj
rsjs ikl tks [kSjks cjdr gS oks eq>s vrk Qjek reke gEnks lukv ml
[kqnk ds fy;s lt+kokj gS ftlus bl uekt+ dks eq>ls iqjk djk;k tks eq>
ij vkSj eqvfeuhu ij Qt+Z dh xbZ gSa
vkSj vki lyke ds ckn ;s nqvk Hkh i<+rs Fks %
272
vYykgqEex fQjyh ek d+n~nerks oek v[[kjrks o ek vljjrks o ek
vvyurks o ek vur% vvyeks fcgh feUuh vUry eqd+fn~neks o vUry
eqvf[[kjks yk bykgk bYyk vUr%A
rtqZek % ckjs bykgk! tks eSa vkxs dj pqdk gw¡ vkSj vkbUnk tks d:¡xk] vkSj
tks dqN eSus Nqidj fd;k gS ;k ,ykfu;ka fd;k gS rw eq>ls T+;knk tkurk
gS mu reke xqukgksa dks ekQ dj nsA rd+nhe o rk[khj dk rw gh ekfyd
gS] rsjs flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha gSA **
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd QtZ+ uekt+ ds ckn de ls de
bruh nqvk i<+ ysuk dkQh gS fd %
vYykgqEe% bUuh vlvyqd% feu dqfYy [kSfju vgkr% fcgh bYeqd% o
vmt+ks fcd% feu dqfYy “kfj~ju vgkr% fcgh bYeqd% vYykgqEe% bUuh
vlvyqd% vkfQ;rd% Qh mewjh dqfYygk o vÅt+ks fcd% feu f[kt+f;n
nqfu;k o feu vt+kfcy vkf[kjfrA
rtqZek % ckjs bykgk! eSa rq>ls gj ml usdh dk loky djrk gw¡ ftl ij
rsjk bYe ewghr gS vkSj eSa gj ml “kj ls iukg ek¡xrk gw¡ ftl ij rsjk
bYe eqghr gSA ckjs bykgk! rq eq>s esjs reke dkeksa esa lgwfy;r vkSj
vkfQ;r vrk dj vkSj nqfu;k o vkf[kjr dh ft+Yyr ls rsjh iukg
ekaxrk gw¡A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+s Qtz i<+us ds ckn
nqvk djuk rycs fjT+d+ ds fy;s lQj djus okys ls T+;knk Qk;nsean vkSj
vljnkj gSA
273
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd eSaus jlwys
vdjelvo- dks dgrs lquk gS fd tks “k[l Qt+Z uekt+ ds ckn lkS ¼100½
erZck dqy gqoYykgks vgn i<+sxk rks d+;ker ds fnu iqys fljkr ls xqt+j
tk;sxk] bl gky esa fd mlds nkfguh tkfuc vkB xt+ vkSj ckbZ tkfuc
vkB xt+ dk Qklyk gksxk vkSj ftczbZyv-l- mldk nkeu idM+s gq, gksaxs
oks nkfgus vkSj ck,a tkfuc vgys tgUuqe ij fuxkg djsxk mlesa fdlh
,sls “k[l dks ns[ksxk ftldks oks igpkurk gS vkSj oks f”kdZ ds flok fdlh
vkSj xqukg dh otg ls nkf[kys tgUuqe gqvk gS rks mldks oks vius gkFk
ls ckgj fudky ysxk vkSj fQj [kqnk mldh “kQkvr ls mldks nkf[kys
tUur Qjek,xkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe uekt+ ls Qkfjx
gksdj lyke Qsjks rks rhu erZck vYykgks vdcj dgks vkSj ;s nqvk i<+ks
%
yk bykgk bYyYykgks ogngq yk “kjhd% ygq ygqy eqydks o ygqy gEnks
fc ;fnfgy [kSjks o gqok vyk dqfYy “kSbu d+nhj yk bykgk bYyYykgks
ogngq vu&tt+ ovngq o ulj% vCngq o x+ycy vgt+kc% ogngw
Q&ygqy eqYdks o ygqy gEnks vygEnks fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehuA
rtqZek % vYykg ds flok dksbZ ekvcwn ugha gS vkSj mldk dksbZ “kjhd ugha
eqYd vkSj lrkbZ”k ¼rkjhQ½ [kqnk ds fy;s gSA dkjs [kSj mlh ds gkFkksa esa
gSA oks gj “kS, ij d+kfnj gS vYykg ds flok dksbZ ekvcwn ugha gS mlus
oknk dks iwjk fd;k vkSj vius cans ¼eqgEenlvo-½ dh enn dh vkSj rugk
vgt+kc dks exywc fd;k il eqYd o gEn [kqnk ds fy;s gSA reke gEnks
lukv vYykg jCcqy vkyehu ds fy;s gSA bl nqvk ds ckn nl erZck yk
bykgk bYyYykgks oYykgks vdcj o lqCgkuYYkkg oy gEnks fyYykg i<+ks
D;ksafd ;s eqLrgc gSA
274
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd gj
uekt+ ds ckn 33 erZck rLchg djuk pkfg;sA vxj rLchg o rgehn lkS
erZck i<+s rks ;s vQt+y gSA uekt+ ds ckn nqvk o rLchg ds eqrkfYyd+
vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls cgqr&lh fjok;rsa okfjn gSA geus ;gk¡ tks dqN
c;ku fd;k gS oks dkQh gS blesa dksbZ nqvk o rLchg okftc o e[klwl
ugha gS cfYd nqvk o rLchg djus ls Qt+y o lokc gkfly gksrk gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k
fd jlwys [kqnkl-vo- ;s dgk djrs Fks fd esjh mEer esa ls tks “k[l Hkh
uekt+ i<+us ds ckn vius nkfgus gkFk ls psgjs ij elkg djsxk vkSj ;s
nqvk i<+sxk] rks [kqnk mldh gj eqjkn iwjh djsxk oks nqvk ;g gS %
vYykgqEe% ydygEnks yk bykgk bYyk vUr% vkfyeqy x+Sfc o””kgknfr
vYYkkgqEe% vt+fgc vUuh vYykgqEe% oy gt+u% oy fQru% ek t+gj%
feUgk o ek cru%A
rtqZek % ckjs bykgk! reke gEnks luk rsjs fy;s gS vkSj rsjs flok dksbZ vkSj
ekcwn ugha gS rw gkft+j o xk;c dk tkuus okyk gSA ijojfnxkj! rw esjs
t+kfgj o ckfru nksuks fd+Le ds gqT+u o eyky vkSj fQruksa dks nwj dj nsA
vbEek rkfgjhu lyokrqYykfg vySfge vtebZu us gj Qt+Z
uekt+ ds ckn rd:Zc dh nqvk i<+us dk gqDe Qjek;k gSA oks bl rjg
dh tc uekt+ i<+us okyk lyke Qsj pqds rks vius nksuks gkFk Åij
mBkdj ;s nqvk i<+s %
275
vYykgqEe% bUuh vrdj~jcks bySd% fceqgEefnu jlwfyd% o uchf¸;d% o
fc oflf¸;fg vyhf¸;u oyh¸;d% o fcy vkbEefr feu oyfnghr rkfgjhuy
glfu oy gqlSfu o vyh bfCuy gqlSfu o eqgEen bfCu vyhf¸;u o
tvQj bfCu eqgEenA
rtqZek % ckjs bykgk! eSa rsjh ckjxkg esa rsjs jlwy eqgEenl-v-o- dk vkSj rsjs
uch ds olh vkSj oyh vyhv-l- dk olhyk vkSj mudh vkSykns vrgkj
beke gluv-l- o beke gqlSuv-l- vkSj beke vyh t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l- beke
eqgEen ckfd+jv-l- o beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l-- dk olhyk ysrk gw¡ A vkSj
mlds ckn nwljs reke bekeksa dk ;gka rd fd bekes t+ekuk dk uke
fy;k tk;s blds ckn ;s nqvk i<+h tk;s %
vYykgqEe% vRrdj~jcks bySd% fcfge oroykgqe o vcjm bySd% feu
vvnkbfge o v”kgnks vYykgqEe% fc gdkbfdy b[kykfl o flnfd+y
;d+hfu vUugqe [kqyQkmd% Qh vjft+d% o gqt%tqd+% vyk [kyfd+d+% oy
276
olkbyks bySd% o vcokcks jgefrd% vYykgqEeg “kqjuh evgqe o yk rq[k
fjtuh feu tqeyfrgh vkSfy;kbfge o lfCcruh vyk vgfnfge vYykgqEet
vyuh fcfge bUnd% othgu Qhn~nqfu;k oy vkf[kjfr o feuy eqdj~jchu
vYykgqEe% lfCcfry ;d+hu% Qh d+Ych o ft+nuh gqnu o uwju vYykgqEe%
lfYy vyk eqgEefnu o vyk vkfy eqgEefnu o vvfruh feu gt+hfy ek
vvrSr% bckndy eqvfeuhu% ek vkeuks fcgh bd+kfcd+% o vlrksftcks
fcgh fjt+kd% o jgerd% ogfnuh byk e[krqfyQ% Qhfg feuy gfD+d+
fcbt+fud% bUud% rgnh eu r”kkvks byk fljkfru eqlrd+he o vlmyd%
;k jfCc Qhn~nqfu;k gluru o fQy vkf[kjfr gluru o vlvyqd% vu
rfd+;uh vt+kcu ukj A
rtqZek% ijojfnxkjk! eSa rsjh ckjxkg esa bu reke vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- dk
olhyk ysdj vk;k gw¡ eSa buls eqgCcr djrk gaq vkSj buds nq”euksa ls
bt+gkjs cjkr djrk gw¡A ckjs bykgk! eSa iwjs b[kykl vkSj ;d+hu dh
lPpkbZ ds lkFk “kgknr nsrk gw¡A reke vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- rsjh t+ehu ij
rsjs [kqyqQk vkSj rsjh e[kywd+ ij rsjh gqTtr gSa vkSj rsjh ckjxkg ds fy;s
olhyk gSa vkSj rsjh jger ds njokt+s gSaA ijojfnxkj! rw buds lkFk esjk
g”kz dj vkSj rw eq>s bu vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds nksLrksa ds t+ejkg ls
[kkfjt u dj] vkSj rw eq>s buds vgn o iSeku ij lkfcr d+ne j[kA
ijojfnxkj! rw eq>s buds olhys ls nqfu;k o vkf[kjr esa vius ut+nhd
ckbT+t+r vkSj eqd+jZchu esa ls cukA ckjs bykgk! rw esjs fny esa ;d+hu dks
lkfcr Qjek vkSj fgnk;r o uwj dks T+;knk djA ijojfnxkj! rw eqgEenlvo-
o vkys eqgEenv-l- ij nq:n Hkst vkSj eq>s oks lokc vrkdj tks rwus vius
eqvfeu cUnksa dks fn;k gS rkfd blls eSa rsjs vt+kc ls egQwt+ jgw¡ vkSj rsjh
jt+k vkSj jger dk eqLrfgd+ cuwa vkSj ftu ckrksa esa b[kfrykQ gks muesa
eq>s fgnk;r vrkdj cs”kd rw gh ftls pkgrk gS fljkr&,&eqLrd+he dh
fgnk;r nsrk gS vkSj ,s ijojfnxkj! eSa rq>ls nqfu;k o vkf[kjr esa usdh
dk loky djrk gw¡ vkSj ;s loky djrk gw¡ fd rw eq>s vt+kcs tgUuqe ls
cpkA**
277
uekt+ dh gkyr esa dyke vkSj vey djus dk c;kuuekt+ dh gkyr esa dyke vkSj vey djus dk c;kuuekt+ dh gkyr esa dyke vkSj vey djus dk c;kuuekt+ dh gkyr esa dyke vkSj vey djus dk c;kuuekt+ dh gkyr esa dyke vkSj vey djus dk c;ku
uekt+ dh gkyr esa rdchj] fd+jkvr] rLchg] rgehn] r”kkgqn
vkSj nqvk oxSjg ftudk i<+uk tk;t+ gS geus mudk Åij rt+fdjk dj
fn;k gS ;s reke feu&tqeyk dyke ds gS vkSj gnhl “kjhQ esa gS fd
uekt+ dh gkyr esa ckrphr djus ls uekt+ d+rv gks tkrh gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd vxj dksbZ “k[l
uekt+ dh gkyr esa dyke djs rks oks fQj ls uekt+ i<+s vkidk ;s eqtey
b”kkZn gS exj tks dyke ¼nqvk½ uekt+ esa eqckg gS vkSj ftldk gqDe fn;k
x;k gS mlls uekt+ d+rv ugha gksrhA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd uekt+
dh gkyr esa cUnk vius jc ls tks dqN dyke djrk gS oks njvly
dyke ¼ckrphr½ ugha gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc
vki vius igys mejkg esa e”kxwy Fks ,d enZ vk;k vkSj gkyrs uekt+ esa
vkil-v-o- ij lyke i<+k ftldk vkil-v-o- us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;kA tc
uekt+ ls Qkfjx gks pqds rks vkius Qjek;k fd vHkh&vHkh ftl “k[l us
eq> ij lyke i<+k Fkk oks dgka gS\ eSa tc uekt+ esa e”kxwy Fkk fd ml
oD+r gt+jr ftczbZyv-l- vk, vkSj mUgksaus dgk fd viuh mEer dks jksdks
fd oks uekt+ dh gkyr esa lyke dk tokc u nsaA vxj fdlh dks uekt+
dh gkyr esa “knhn t+:jr is”k vk tk;s rks vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us rLchg
ds t+fj, vius ed+ln dh rjQ b”kkjk djus dh :[klr nh gSA ;kfu
lqcgkuYykg dgsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gaS fd eSa tc jlwys
vdjel-v-o- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gksrk rks igys btkt+r ryc djrk Fkk
vxj vki uekt+ dh gkyr esa gksrs rks lqCgkuYykg i<+ nsrs vkSj eSa vkidk
eryc le> tkrk vkSj vanj nkf[ky gks tkrk vkSj vki uekt+ dh gkyr
esa u gksrs rks vki eq>s cqyk ysrs vkSj eSa cS;rqy “kjQ esa nkf[ky gks tkrkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gS fd vxj
dksbZ “k[l uekt+ dh gkyr esa viuh fdlh gktr dks iwjk djuk pkgrk
gks rks oks lqcgkuYykg dgsaA
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vki Qjekrs gSa fd uekt+ i<+rs oD+r vxj g¡lh vk tk;s rks
uekt+ VwV tkrh gS ysfdu eqLdqjkgV ls uekt+ ugha VwVrh] cUns dks pkfg;s
fd oks uekt+ ds od+kj dks eqLdqjkgV vkSj b/kj&m/kj ns[kus vkSj fdlh
dke esa e”kx+wy gksus ls egQwt+ j[ks bles vQt+fy;r vkSj lykerh gSA
geus blls igys uekt+ esa iwjh roTtkg j[kus dk c;ku dj fn;k gS
ysfdu vxj uekt+ i<+us okys dks dksbZ ,slk ekeyk njis”k vk tk;s fd
oks cx+Sj eq¡g fQjk, flQZ b”kkjs ds t+fj, vius ed+ln dks ugha c;ku dj
ldrk rks ml oD+r fd+cyk ls eq¡g Qsjs cxSj vius dke dks vUtke ns rks
dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vxj dksbZ “k[l uekt+
dh gkyr esa fdlh gktr dks iwjk djuk pkgs rks lqcgkuYykg dgs ;k
Åaxyh ls b”kkjk djs ;k vius lj ls b”kkjk djs vkSj vxj dksbZ vkSjr
uekt+ dh gkyr esa fdlh edln dks iwjk djuk pkgs rks gkFk ij gkFk
¼rkyh ls½ ekjsA jlwys vdjel-v-o- us uekt+ i<+rs oD+r cs&ekvuh yfX+o;kr
¼csdkj dh gjdrsa½ djus ls euk Qjek;k gS vkSj eq¡g ls Qwadus ls Hkh euk
Qjek;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius uekt+ dh gkyr
esa ekStw+, lqtwn ¼ltns djus dh txg½ ij Qwad ekjus ls euk Qjek;k gS
flQZ bl gjdr ls euk fd;k x;k gS ysfdu blls uekt+ d+rv ugha
gksrhA uekt+ esa ukd lkQ djus dh btkt+r gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ dh gkyr esa
vxj dksbZ “k[l ukd lkQ djs rks mldks vxj txg gks rks ck, tkfuc
lkQ djs vkSj xM~Mk u gks rks xM~Mk [kksn dj vius iSjks ds uhps nck ns
;kfu tcfd oks dadM+ ij ;k jsr ¼dPph t+ehu½ ij i<+rk gks rks ,slk
djsA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- us fd+cyk esa ukd lkQ djus ls euk Qjek;k
gS ,d erZck tc vkius efLtn ds fd+cyk esa ukd dh xanxh dks ns[kk rks
vkius ukd lkQ djus okys ij ykvur Hksth tc ;s [kcj ukd lkQ
djus okys dh choh dks igq¡ph ml oD+r mldk “kkSgj xk;c Fkk rks ml
“k[l dh vkSjr vkbZ vkSj mlus fd+cyk ls ukd dh xanxh dks lkQ fd;k
vkSj mldh txg t+kQjku vkSj vacj ls cuh gqbZ [kq”kcw dk ySi p<+k
fn;kA jlwys vdjel-v-o- us tc ;s ns[kk rks Qjek;k fd ;s fdlus fd;k
279
gS\ vkidks ml vkSjr us tks dqN fd;k Fkk mldh [kcj dh xbZA vkius
ml vkSjr dh rkjhQ dhA D;ksafd mlus vius “kkSgj dk dke vUtke
fn;k FkkA pqukaps voke egt+ d+;kl dh fcuk ¼vUnkt+½ ij efLtnksa esa bl
fd+Le dk [kq”kcwnkj ySi bLrseky djus yxs gkykafd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us
,slk ugha fd;k FkkA cgqr ls yksx blls jksdrs vkSj uk ilUn djrs gS vkSj
cgqr ls yksx geus tks okfd+vk c;ku fd;k gS mldh otg ls bl ckr
dks eqLrfgc ¼vPNk½ [;ky djrs gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius uekt+ dh gkyr esa
,sls “k[l dks [kqtyh djus dh btkt+r nh gS ftldks [kqtyh gqbZ gS] vkSj
uekt+ esa mxfy;k¡ rksM+us ls euk Qjek;k gS ;kfu ,d mxayh ij nwljh
maxyh j[kdj pV[kkuk ugha pkfg;s vxj fdlh “k[l dh ut+j fdrkc]
;k vaxwBh ds uD+”k ij tk iM+s rks mldh uekt+ VwV tk;sxh pqaukps blh
elys ds is”k ut+j ;s ilUn fd;k x;k gS fd fd+cyk esa dksbZ ,slh pht+
u gks ftlls eqlYyh dh ut+j ml rjQ tk;s ;k dksbZ fdrkc j[kh gqbZ
u gks fd oks i<+s blls eqlYyh dh uekt+ VwV tkrh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ml eqlYyh ds
eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k ftldks uekt+ dh gkyr esa dhM+s&edksM+s us dkVk gks
ml “k[l dks ;s fd dhM+s&edksM+s dks nwj dj ns ;k dadMksa esa nQu dj
nsA vki ls tc iwNk x;k fd vxj fdlh “k[l dks uekt+ dh gkyr esa
fcPNw vkSj lkai ut+j vk, rks D;k djsa\ vkius Qjek;k fd ekj MkysA
,d erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ,d “k[l dks ns[kk tks uekt+ dh
gkyr esa viuh Mk<+h ls [ksy jgk FkkA vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k Hkyk ns[kks rks
vxj ml “k[l ds fny esa [kkSQs bykgh gksrk rks mlds reke vkt+k
[kq”kqv esa x+d+Z jgrsA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk us N% ckrsa rqEgkjs fy;s
uk ilUn dh gaSA ¼1½ uekt+ esa [ksyuk ¼2½ vkSj lnd+k djds ,glku
trkuk ¼3½ vkSj jkst+k j[kdj cqjk dke djuk ¼4½ vkSj d+czksa ds ikl g¡luk
¼5½ vkSj cx+Sj btkt+r ds ?kj esa >k¡duk vkSj ¼6½ tukcr dh gkyr esa
efLtn esa cSBukA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd eq>s jlwys [kqnklvo-
us bu pkj ckrksa ls euk Qjek;k gS ¼1½ uekt+ dh gkyr esa dadMksa dks
myVuk&iyVuk ¼2½ uekt+ dh gkyr esa ckyksa dks ihNs ls pksVh ck¡/kuk
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¼3½ vkSj jksts+ dh gkyr esa fiNauk ¼,uhek½ yxkuk ¼4½ vkSj tqevk ds fnu
e[klwl rksj ls jkst+k j[kukA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,sls “k[l ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k tks
uekt+ dh gkyr esa vk;rsa fxurk gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd dqjvku dh
vk;rsa fxuus esa dksbZ gt+Z ugha gSaA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwyYykgl-v-o- us
Qjek;k gS fd rqe yksx uekt+ dh gkyr esa tEgkbZ ¼mcklh½ ysus ls cpks]
D;ksafd ;s “kSrku dh vkokt+ gSA [kqnk Nhaduk rks ilUn djrk gS exj
uekt+ dh gkyr esa tEgkbZ ysuk ilUn ugha djrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd uekt+ dh gkyr esa
tEgkbZ ysuk vkSj ftLe rksM+uk ed:g gS ;s nkuska ckrsa lqLrh dh otg ls
iSnk gksrh gSA
pqaukps blh otg ls ;s eeuwv ¼euk½ gSA ,slk venu djuk Hkh
eeuwv gS ysfdu tEgkbZ rks cx+Sj d+ln ds gksrh gS fygkt+k vxj fdlh
dks ,slh tEgkbZ vk, fd oks ml ij d+kcw u j[k lds rks viuk gkFk eq¡g
ij j[kdj ykSVk ns mldks u rks eksM+s u yEck djsaA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tc jlwys vdjelvo-
dks uekt+ dh gkyr esa tEgkbZ vkrh rks vki mldks nkfgus gkFk ls ykSVk
nsrs Fks vkSj Nhad rks fu”kkr ds oD+r gh vkrh gS blfy;s oks eqLrfgc gS]
tc Nhad vk, rks ml oD+r okftc gS fd mldks /khes ls fy;k tk;s tgk¡
rd gks lds t+ksj ls u fy;k tk;sA
vki Qjekrs gSa tc rqe esa ls fdlh dks uekt+ dh gkyr esa Nhad
vk, rks mls fcYyh dh rjg vkfgLrk Nhaduk pkfg;s a beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- Qjekrs gSa fd tc rqe esa ls fdlh dks Nhad vk, rks
vygEnks fyYykg dgs vkSj vius fny esa lyokr i<+sA
vkius uekt+ i<+rs oD+r iS”kkuh dks feV~Vh ls el djus dh
btkt+r nh gSA vkSj uekt+ dh gkyr esa vka[ksa cUn djus ls euk Qjek;k
gS vkSj pkSrM+ ¼dwYgs½ ij gkFk j[kdj uekt+ i<+us ls euk Qjek;k gS vkSj
cxSj fdlh bYyr ds eq¡g <kad dj uekt+ i<+uk Hkh ed:g gSA
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uekt+ esa fyckl dk c;kuuekt+ esa fyckl dk c;kuuekt+ esa fyckl dk c;kuuekt+ esa fyckl dk c;kuuekt+ esa fyckl dk c;ku
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftl “k[l us
beke gqlSuv-l- dks uekt+ i<+rs gq, viuh vka[k ls ns[kk gS mlus eq>ls
c;ku fd;k gS fd vki ,d gh fyckl esa uekt+ i<+rs Fks vkSj mlh “k[l
us ;s Hkh c;ku fd;k gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- Hkh ,d gh fyckl esa uekt+
i<+rs FksA
vki Qjekrs gS gt+jr tkfcjj-t- fcu vCnqYykg vulkjh us eq>ls
c;ku fd;k fd mUgksaus jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dks ,d gh fyckl esa uekt+ i<+rs
gq, ns[kk gS vkSj [kqn gt+jr tkfcjj-t- fcu vCnqYykg vulkjh us vius ?kj
esa ,d gh diM+s esa uekt+ i<+kbZ FkhA gkykafd ml oD+r vkids ikl gh ,d
[kwaVh ij dqN diM+s Vaxs gq, FksA vxj vki iguuk pkgrs rks muesa ls
ysdj igu ysrsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd beke ckfd+jv-l- us gedks
,d gh fyckl esa uekt+ i<+kbZ gS vkius mldks ftLe ij yisV j[kk FkkA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ,d gh fyckl esa uekt+ i<+krs Fks vxj diM+k olhv
¼T+;knk½ gksrk rks mldks yisV ysrs vkSj vxj NksVk gksrk rks mldks bt+kj
cuk ysrsA
vcqy tk:n us beke ckfd+jv-l- ls dgk fd ,s QjtUns jlwyv-l-
eqx+hjk dgrk gS fd dksbZ “k[l pkgs rks oks flQZ ,d bt+kj ;k iVdk cka/
kdj uekt+ i<+ ldrk gSA vkius Qjek;k fd ,s vcqy tk:n ,slk rks
;gwnh yksx djrs gSA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj eksVs diM+s
dk deht+ gks vkSj ml ij bt+kj Hkh igu yh tk;s rks uekt+ i<+us esa dksbZ
gtZ+ ugha gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd flQZ
bt+kj ls uekt+ i<+us esa dksbZ gt+Z ugha gSA
vkSj flQZ rgcan igu dj uekt+ i<+us esa dksbZ gt+Z ugha gSA ysfdu
nksuksa dka/kksa ij NksVk lk diM+k Mky ysuk pkfg;s] ;s ml oD+r tk;t+ gS
tcfd mlds flok vkSj pkjk u gks vxj diM+k fey ldrk gks rks uekt+
ds lkFk bl fd+Le dk et+kd+ u djuk pkfg;sA D;ksafd uekt+h vius
ijojfnxkj ls equktkr djrk gS vkSj mlds lkeus [kM+k gksrk gSA
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jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd tks “k[l vius diM+s dks uekt+ esa
iguus ls cpkrk gks rks mldk oks diM+k iguuk [kqnk ds fy;s ugha gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us lEekv
djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA lEekv ,d diM+s dks vius ftLe ij bl rjg
yisVuk fd mlds nksuksa fljs ,d gh rjQ gks tk;as tSlk fd vktdy
cjcj d+kSe dk rjhd+k gS bl fyckl esa uekt+ i<+uk tk;t+ ugha gS ysfdu
vxj dksbZ ,d gh diM+s dks bl rjg yisVdj uekt+ i<+s fd mlds nksuksa
fljs gkFk ij gks fQj nksuksa ds njfe;ku bl rjg ls Qklyk dj ns fd
nk,a tkfuc dk fljk ck,a da/ks ij Mky ns vkSj ck,a rjQ dk fljk nkfguh
tkfuc Mky ns vkSj fQj chp ls vius nksuks gkFkksa dks ckgj fudkydj
uekt+ i<+sA
beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l- cjUl ¼dEcy½ esa uekt+ i<+k djrs Fks
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- Qjekrs gS fd cjUl pknj ds ekfuUn gksrk gSA
,d erZck veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- efLtn es r”kjhQ ys
x;s rks ml oD+r yksx [kM+s gksdj viuh pknjksa dks yVdk, gq, uekt+ i<+
jgs FksA vkius Qjek;k fd rqEgsa D;k gks x;k gS fd rqe yksxksa us viuh
pknjksa dks yVdk fn;k xks;k rqe ;gwfn;ksa ds fxjtk esa ;gwnh cu x;s gksA
rqe yksx pknj yVdkus ls cpksA yVdkus dk eryc ;s gS fd pknj ds
chp ds fgLls dks vius flj ij j[kk tk;s ;k da/ks ij vkSj mlds nksuksa
fljksa dks lhus ls yisV fn;k tk;s vkSj pknj dks t+ehu ij yVdrk NksM+
fn;k tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ryokj ysdj uekt+ i<+us ds eqrkfYyd+
iwNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd ryokj ds lkFk uekt+ i<+uk ekfuUn
pknj ds gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj rqe
pkgks rks vius ekStksa vkSj twrksa ds lkFk uekt+ i<+ ldrs gksA jlwys
vdjel-v-o- us ;gwn] ulkjk vkSj etwl ds igus gq, fylkc esa uekt+ i<+us
ls euk Qjek;k gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj vkSjr t+jv vkSj
vks<+uh igudj uekt+ i<+uk pkgs c”krsZ fd nksuks dlhQ ¼eksVk½ gks rks
uekt+ i<+ ldrh gS ysfdu blds lkFk bt+kj vkSj fygkQ gks rks vkSjr
ds fy;s T+;knk csgrj vkSj vQt+y gS gqjjk ¼vkt+kn½ vkSjr ds fy;s ;s
tk;t+ ugha fd oks cxSj vks<+uh vkSj eqd+ukv ds uekt+ i<+sA
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oks gqjkZ ¼vktkn½ yM+dh tks ckfyx gks pqdh cxSj vks<+uh ds mldh
uekt+ ed+cwy ugha gS ysfdu oks eeywdk ¼ckUnh½ gS rks mlds fy;s nqiV~Vk
vks<+uk okftc ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls yksaMh ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k fd vk;k
ml ij okftCk gS fd oks uekt+ dh gkyr esa flj ij eqd+ukv ¼lj ij iguus
okyk ,d diM+k½ igus\ vkius Qjek;k fd ugha esjs finj cqtqxZokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- tc fdlh yksUMh dks flj ij eqd+ukv j[ks gq, uekt+ i<+rs ns[krs rks
vki mldks ekjrs vkSj Qjekrs fd ydv] gqjkZ ¼vkt+kn½ vkSjrksa ds lkFk
eq”kkcgr ¼cjkcjh½ u djs rkfd yksUMh vkSj gqjkZ ds njfe;ku Qd+Z o bfEr;kt+
jgsA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius bl ckr dks uk ilUn Qjek;k
gS fd vkSjr cx+Sj ts+oj ds uekt+ i<+sA vkius Qjek;k gS fd vkSjr tc uekt+
i<+s rks mlds ftLe ij t+soj t+:j gksuk pkfg;s de ls de NYyk rks gksuk
gh pkfg;s vkSj esgUnh yxk;s vxj esgUnh u yxk;s rks maxfy;ksa dks [kq”kcwnkj
djsaA ;s ml oD+r djs tc t+soj ekStwn gks tc ekStwn u gks rks xys esa gkj igu
ys ;k vkSj dksbZ pht+ ¼tsoj½ rkfd enZ&vkSjr esa Qd+Z jgs vxj t+soj ekStwn
gks rks vkSjr ftruk Hkh T+;knk t+soj igudj uekt+ i<+sxh ;g mlds fy;s
mruk gh T+;knk vQt+y gSA ge vud+jhc fyckl dh ckcr tks enksZa vkSj
vkSjrksa dks iguuk pkfg;s bldk c;ku djsaxs bU”kkvYykgA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us eq>dks
gqDe fn;k Fkk fd ,s vyhv-l- viuh [okrhu dks gqDe djks fd oks cx+Sj t+soj
ds uekt+ u i<+sA vxj t+soj ekStwn u gks rks ,d gkj gh lgh vkSj mudks gqDe
nks fd oks viuh gFksfy;ksa dks fguk ls jax ysa oks enksZa dh rjg lknh u j[ksaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-
v-o- us Qjek;k fd t+ehu rqe ij fdl d+nj jghe gS fd rqe blls r;Eeqe
djrs gks vkSj nqfu;k dh ftanxh esa bl ij uekt+ i<+rs gks oks ekSr ds oD+r
rqEgkjs dke vkrh gS vkSj ;s [kqnk dh cgqr cM+h usver gS fygkt+k [kqnk gEnks
lukv ds yk;d+ gS uekt+ i<+us okyk vQt+y esa vQt+y ftl pht+ ij
ltnk djrk gS oks ikd o lkQ t+ehu gh rks gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ i<+us okyk viuh
iS”kkuh dks t+ehu ls yxk ns vkSj eq¡g dks feV~Vh esa ykSVk ns D;ksafd ;s [kqnk ds
284
lkeus ,d fd+Le dk bt+gkjs rt+Yyqy gS vkSj blls [kqnk dh rkvt+he gksrh
gS vki Qjekrs gS fd x+Yys ¼vukt½ ds vykok t+ehu ls mxus okyh ?kkl
elyu tM+h&cwVh ij ltnk djus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- glhj ¼pVkbZ½ ij uekt+ i<+rs FksA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd [ktwj dh iÙkks ls cuh gqbZ tk;s uekt+
¼elYYkk½ ij uekt+ i<+us esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA [kqejkg [ktwj dh cuh gqbZ oks
pVkbZ tks /kkxsa vkSj [ktwj dh iRrh ls cukbZ tkrh gS ml ij uekt+ i<+us esa
dksbZ gt+Z ugha gS ;s pVkbZ bruh NksVh gksrh gS fd ml ij uekt+ esa flQZ
ltnk fd;k tk ldrk gS ;k mlls t+jk cM+h gksrh gS vkSj tc mlls T+;knk
cM+h gks fd uekt+h ml ij ltnk dj lds vkSj ltnk djrs oD+r mldk iwjk
ftLe ml pVkbZ ij vk tk;s rks ;s glhj gS [kqejkg ugha gSA
beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l- dacy ;k Åu ls cus gq, diM+s ij uekt+
i<+rs Fks beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Åu ¼dacy½ ls cus gq, diM+s ij uekt+
i<+us dh :[klr nh gS vkSj gj ml diM+s ij uekt+ i<+us dh :[klr nh
gS tks iguus ds dke vkrk gS vkSj ftldks igudj uekt+ i<+h tkrh gSA ml
ij lqtwn tk;t+ gS gkFk] iSj] xqBusa ltnk djus okys vkt+kv gSaA ml diM+s
ij ltnk Hkh djuk tk;t+ gS D;ksafd tc Åu ox+Sjkg ls cuk gqvk diM+k
iguk tk ldrk gS rks mldks igudj uekt+ Hkh i<+h tk ldrh gS rks ml
ij ltnk Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius vkLrhu ij ltnk
djus ls euk Qjek;k gS vkSj nksuksa gkFkksa dks vkLrhu ls ckgj fudkyus vkSj
mudks t+ehu ij ;k ftl eqlYys ij uekt+ i<+h tkrh gS ml ij ltnk djrs
oD+r QSykus dk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj vkids finj cqqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj
vkck&,&fdjke ls ejoh gS fd jlwys [kqnklvo- us uekt+h dks vius vekes
¼ixM+h½ dh dkSM+ vkSj vkLrhu ij ltnk djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tc vkils xsgwa dh dVh
gqbZ [ksrh ds <+sj ij uekt+ i<+us dh ckcr iwNk x;k rks vkius ml ij uekt+
i<+us ls euk Qjek;k fQj tc vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k vxj mldks
t+ehu ij cjkcj fcNk fn;k tk;s rks\ vkius Qjek;k fd [kkus dh fdlh Hkh pht+
ij uekt+ u i<+uk pkfg;s D;ksafd ;s [kqnk dh rjQ ls cUnksa ds fy;s jkst+h dk lkeku
gS vkSj cUnksa ij ,d fd+Le dh usver gS fygkt+k rqedks pkfg;s fd mldh usver
dh rkvt+he djks vius d+neksa ls mldks jkSan dj usver dh rkSghu u djks D;ksafd
285
rqels igys ,d ,slh mEer xqt+jh gS ftl ij [kqnk us jkst+h dk njoktk [kksay fn;k
Fkk oks lkQ o ikd jksVh ds VqdM+ksa ls bfratk djrs Fks pqukaps vYykg rvkyk us mudks
vdky o Hkw[k esa bruk eqcfryk dj fn;k fd bfLratk dh gqbZ jksfV;ksa dks ryk”k
djds [kkus yxsA mUgha ds eqrkfYyd+ dqjvkus ikd esa ;s vk;r ukft+y gbZ gS fd %
o t+jcYykgks elyu d+j;ru dkur vkfeuru eqrebUurU; ;vrhgk fjt+dqgk
jxne feu dqfYy edkfuu QdQjr fcvu mfeYykfg Qvt+k d+gYykgks fyckly
twb oy [kkSfQ fcek dkuw ;luÅu 14&16@112A
rtqZek % [kqnk us ,d xkao dh fely c;ku QjekbZ ftlds jgusokys gj rjg ds psau
vkSj brfeuku esa FksA gj rjg ls ck&Qjkxr ¼vklkuh ls½ mudh jkst+h muds ikl
pyh vkrh Fkh fQj mu yksxksa us [kqnk dh usverksa dh uk”kqØh dh rks [kqnk us Hkh muds
djrqrksa dh cnkSyr mudks et+k p[kk fn;k fd Hkw[k vkSj [kkSQ dks vks<+uk fcNkSuk cuk
fn;kA
uekt+s tqevk dk c;kuuekt+s tqevk dk c;kuuekt+s tqevk dk c;kuuekt+s tqevk dk c;kuuekt+s tqevk dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd pkj fd+Le ds vknfe;ksa ij fQj ls vey djuk
okftc gS ¼1½ ejht+ tc f”kQk ik tk;s ¼2½ eq”kfjd tc bLyke dqcqy dj ys
¼3½ vkSj oks “k[l tks tqevk dh uekt+ ls ykSV vk, bZeku o vgfrlkc dh
[kkfrj ¼4½ vkSj gt djus okyk tc vius gt dks iwjk dj ysA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd tqevk ds fnu eq> ij cdljr
nq:n o lyke Hkstk djks D;ksafd tqevk ds jkst+ vey dk nksxquk lokc
feyrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd ijojfnxkjs vkye tqevk
dh “kc esa Qfj”rksa dks t+ehu dh rjQ Hkstrk gS tc Qtz rqyqv gksrh gS rks
286
oks lqcg ls “kke rd vkekyukes esa eqgEenl-v-o- o vkys eqgEenv-l- ij nq:nks
lyke gh fy[kk djrs gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- dk b”kkZn gS fd tqevk ds jkst+ vkeky dk lokc
nksxquk feyrk gS vkSj bl fnu rqe lyokr vkSj lnd+k T+;knk djksA vkius
Qjek;k fd tqevk dh “kc jks”ku “kc gS vkSj fnu jkst+&,&jks”ku gS tqevk dh
“kc tks eqehu cUnk ;k eqehuk vkSjr bfUrd+ky dj tk;s rks oks vt+kcs d+cz ls
egQwt jgrs gS vkSj tks tqevk ds jkst+ bfUrd+ky dj tkrk gS oks tgUuqe ds
vt+kc ls egQwt+ jgrk gSaA tqevk ds jkst+ fnu Hkj uekt+ i<+rs jgus esa dksbZ
gt+Z ugha gS D;ksafd bl jkst+ nkst+[k dh vkx ugha lqyxrhA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS nksuks
gt+jkr Qjekrs gaS fd tc tqevk dh “kc vkrh gS rks [kqnk ,d Qfj”rs dks
gqDe nsrk gS tks bfCrnk&,&“kc ls bafrgk rd fuank djrk gS vkSj “kcs tqevk
ds vyok gj jkst+ jkr ds frgkbZ fgLls ls funk djrk gS fd dksbZ lkby gS
ftldks esa dqN nw¡ vkSj dksbZ rkSck djus okyk gS ftldh rkSck eSa d+cwy d:¡]
dksbZ ex+fQjr ryc djus okyk gS ftldks eSa ekQ dj nw¡ ,s rkfycs [kSj
eqroTtk gks , rkfycs “kj ckt+ vk tkA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd eqefdu gS fd rqe esa ls
dksbZ “k[l tks nsgkr esa jgrk gks vkSj flQZ tqevk ds jkst+ efLtn esa gkft+j
gksrk gks vkSj fQj dHkh tqevk esa vkrk gks vkSj dHkh u vkrk gks vkSj fQj dHkh
fcYdqy gh vkuk cUn dj nsrk gks rks vYykg rvkyk mlds fny ij eksgj
yxk nsrk gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tqevk dh uekt+ Qt+Z gS vkSj tqevk
ds jkst+ bekes vkfny ds lkFk tev gksuk Qt+Z gS vxj fdlh us eqlyly rhu
tqevk NksM+ fn;k rks Xkks;k mlus rhu Qjkbt+ dks NksM+ fn;k vkSj fcyk vtz
o bYyr equkfQd+ ds flok rhu Qjkbt+ nwljk dksbZ ugha NksM+ ldrk gSA
geus blh fdrkc esa ¼xq+ly ds c;ku esa½ ft+Ø dj fn;k gS fd tqevk
ds jkst+ xq+ly djuk lqUur gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gaS vki Qjekrs gSa fd rqe tqevk ds jkst+
xq+ly djuk rdZ u djksA D;ksafd ;s lqUur gS vkSj t+oky ls igys x+qly djksA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tqevk ds jkst+ rqees ls gj
,d dks [kq”kcw yxkuk pkfg;s vxj u gks rks viuh choh dh “kh”kh ls [kq”kcq
yxk ysuk pkfg;sA
287
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tqevk ds jkst+ [kq”kcw vkSj vPNk
fyckl iguuk pkfg;sA vki Qjekrs gaS fd tqevk ds jkst+ ,d ,slh ?kM+h
vkrh gS fd ftlesa cUnk eqfeu tks t+:jr Hkh ckjxkgsa bykgh esa is”k djrk
gS oks iwjh gksrh gSA oks oD+rs t+oky ls ysdj funk&,&uekt+ rd gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gaS fd eqlkfQj ij uekt+s tqevk vkSj
tekvr esa f”kjdr vkSj bZn dh uekt+ i<+uk okftc ugha gS gkykafd oks
“kgj ds vanj ekStwn gksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- g¶rk Hkj
esa dqN 35 uekt+s ysdj vk, Fks mu 35 uekt+ksa esa ls ,d uekt+ ,slh gS
ftldks flok, bu ik¡p v”k[kkl ds fdlh dks NksM+uk u pkfg;s ¼1½ vkSjr
¼gst+ dh gkyr esa½ ¼2½ cPpk ¼3½ eqlkfQj ¼4½ chekj ¼5½ eeywd bl
uekt+ ls eqjkn tqevk dh uekt++ gS tks bekes vkfny ds lkFk i<+uk
pkfg;sA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tc vkSjr vkSj eeywd tqevk dh
uekt+ esa gkft+j gks rks t+ksgj dh uekt+ ds fy;s oks dkQh gSA beke
ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd bekes vkfny ekStwn gks rks tqevk dh uekt+ gj
ml “k[l ij okftc gS tks nks&Qjl[k ¼6 ehy½ dh nwjh ij gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tqevk ds jkst+ ik¡p ;k ik¡p ls T+;knk
yksx gksa rks tqevk dh uekt+ i<+uk pkfg;s vxj de gks rks tqevk dh
uekt+ mu ij okftc ugha gSaA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd nksigj ds oD+r
tqevk dh uekt+ esa f”kjdr djuk esjh mEer ds eksgrkt+ks dk gt gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls bl vk;rs djhek ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k fd %
;k v¸;ksgy yt+hu% vkeuw bt+k uwfn;% fyLlykfr feu ;kSfey tqeqvfr
Qlvks byk ft+dfjYykfg 28&62@9A vkius Qjek;k fd Qlvks ls eqjkn
tYnh ls tkuk eqjkn ugha gS cfYd njfe;kuh pky ls tkuk gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- tqevk dh rkvt+he dh [kkfrj
uaxs iSj pydj tqevk dh uekt+ esa f”kjdr djrs Fks vki viuh nksuksa
tqfr;ksa dks ck,a gkFk ls mBk ysrs Fks vkSj ;s Qjekrs Fks fd ;s vYykg dh
bcknr dk ed+ke o jkLrk gSA ;s ckjxkgs bykgh esa egt+ vkidh
288
bufdlkjh Fkh vkSj blls egt+ Qt+y dk glwy ed+lwn Fkk vki ,slk
blfy;s ugha djrs Fks fd ,slk djuk gh okftc gS vkSj mlds flok tk;t+
ugha gS] tqfr;ka igudj vkSj lokj gksdj tqevk dh uekt+ esa f”kjdr
djus ds fy;s tkuk eeuwv ugha gS] blesa dksbZ gtZ+ ugha gSA
beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l- vbEek , tksj ds lkFk tqevk dh uekt+
esa gkft+j gksrs Fks ysfdu mls tqevk dh uekt+ “kqekj ugha djrs Fks vkSj
mlds ckn vki rugk t+ksgj dh uekt+ vnk djrs FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd
tqevk dh uekt+ tk;t+ ugha gS exj bekes vkfny vkSj rd+ok “kqvkj ds
lkFkA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd gqDe nsuk vkSj gqnqn
tkjh djuk vkSj tqevk dh uekt+ i<+uk cx+Sj beke ds nq:Lr ugha gSA
vki Qjekrs gS fd tqevk dh uekt+ esa rhu fd+Le ds yksx “kjhd gksrs gS
¼1½ ,d rks oks “k[l gS tks tqevk esa fj;kdkjh vkSj ygoks&yvc ¼jksc½ ds
fy;s “kjhd gksrk gS uekt+s tqevk esa ls mldk cl bruk gh fgLlk gSA
¼2½ vkSj ,d oks “k[l tks ml oD+r vk, tc beke [kqrck i<+rk gS vkSj
fQj mlds lkFk uekt+s tqevk i<+rk gSA [kqnk ,sls “k[l dks pkgs rks vrk
djs pkgs rks eg:e j[ks ¼3½ ,d oks “k[l tks beke ds fudyus ls igys
efLtn esa vkrk gS vkSj uekt+ i<+rk gS fQj [kkeks”kh vkSj lqdqu ds lkFk
cSB tkrk gS mlds ckn tc beke vkrk gS vkSj uekt+ [kRe gks tkrh gS
il ;s uekt+ mlds vkSj vkbZUnk tqevk dh uekt+ ds njfe;ku tks xqukg
djrk gS mlds fy;s crkSj d¶Qkjk ds gS vkSj rhu fnu T+;knk D;ksafd
[kqnk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
eu tkv% fcy glufr Qygw v”kjks vElkfygk 8&6@161A tks “k[l
usdh djsxk rks mldks bldk nl xquk lokc gksxkA
vki Qjekrs gS fd tc beke cSB tk;s rks eSa yksxksa ds fljksa ij
ls xqt+j dj vk¡ÅA blls csgrj rks ;g gS fd eSa tqevk dh uekt+ i<+us
ls :d tkšA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- Qjekrs gS fd tc beke [kqrck
nsrk gks rks yksxksa ij okftc gS fd oks [kkeks”k jgsaA gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs
gS fd beke tc [kqrck i<rk gks rks ckrphr u djuk pkfg;s vkSj u
289
b/kj m/kj ns[kuk pkfg;s gkykafd oks vey tks uekt+ esa jok gS fd;k
tk;sA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Hkh ;gh Qjekrs gS fd beke tc [kqrck
ns rks fdlh dks xq¶rxw ¼ckrphr½ u djuk pkfg;s ;gka rd fd oks [kqrck
ls Qkfjx+ gks tk;s tc Qkfjx+ gks tk;s rks uekt+ ds chp tks oD+r gks
mlds njfe;ku ckrphr djus esa dksbZ gtZ+ ugha gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd yksx beke ds lkeus
fd+cyk&:[k gksdj cSBas vkSj iwjh roTtkg ds lkFk [kqRck ¼rdjhj½ lqus
tqevk ds fnu dk [kqRck nks jdkvr uekt+ ds ,ot+ gS tks t+ksgj dh
uekt+ ls lkfd+r dj nh xbZ gSA ¼bekes t+ekuk ds lkFk½ fygkt+k [kqrck
uekt+ gh ds ekfuUn gS [kqrck esa ogh tk;t+ gS tks uekt+ ds vanj tk;t+
gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd uekt+ ls igys nks [kqrck nsuk
pkfg;sA beke tc feEcj ij p<+s rks igys cSB tk;s vkSj mlds vkxs
vt+ku nsus okyk vt+ku nsA tc oks vt+ku ls Qkfjx+ gks tk;s rks beke
[kqrck i<+s vkSj okvt+ djs mlds ckn FkksM+h nsj rd cSB tk;sA fQj nwljk
[kqrck ns ftlesa nqvk,a djs mlds ckn eqvfT+t+u bd+ker dgs vkSj beke
feEcj ls mrjdj uekt+s tqevk i<+k, nksuks jdkvr esa fd+jkvr t+ksj
¼cqyUn vkokt+½ ls i<s+A
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- tc feEcj ij r”kjhQ ys tkrs rks vki
yksxksa ij lyke i<+rs FksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tqevk
ds jkst+ beke dks yk;d+ gS fd oks [kq”kcw yxk;s csgrjhu fyckl t+Scs ru
djs vkSj vekek igusA vki Qjekrs gS fd tqevk dh uekt+ esa igyh
jdkvr ds vUnj lwjr% tqevk i<+uk lqUur gSA vkSj nwljh jdkvr esa
lwjrqy equkfQd+hu i<+sA nwljh jdkvr esa tc beke fd+jkvr ls Qkfjx+
gks rks :dwv ls igys nqvk&,&dquwr i<+sA
vkokequ&ukl jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls ;s fjok;r uD+y djrs gSa fd jlwys
vdjel-v-o- tqevk dh uekt+ esa lwjrs tqevk vkSj lwjrs equkfQd+hu i<+rs
Fks vkSj nqvk&,&dquwr i<+rs FksA oks ;s Hkh dgrs gS fd tqevk dh uekt+
esa nqvk&,&d+quwr dh jLe cuh&vCckl ds te+kus ls “kq: gqbZ gSA tc ;gh
fjok;r vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls mu rd igq¡ph rks egt+ vbEek rkfgjhuvl-
dh eq[kkfyQr esa mUgksaus bldk bUdkj dj fn;kA ge uchl-v-o- dh lqUur
ls bUdkj vkSj vkSfy;k vYykgv-l- dh eq[kkfyQr ls iukg pkgrs gSaA
290
beke tc [kqrck ns oks feEcj ij vius nkfgus gkFk dk lgkjk ys
vkSj ck,a gkFk ls ryokj dk dCt+k ¼eqfB;k½ idM+s ryokj dks gekbZy
fd;s gq, gks bl gky esa uekt+ i<+sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tks “k[l tqevk dh ,d
jdkvr uekt+ esa Hkh “kjhd gks x;kA mldks tqevk fey x;kA beke tc
lyke Qsj ns rks mBdj nwljh jdkvr i<+ ysA vxj nksuksa jdkvrsa QkSr
gks tk;s rks rugk pkj jdkvr t+ksgj dh uekt+ i<+sA
uekts+ bnSu ¼bZnqy fQrj vkSj bZnqy vngk½ dk c;kuuekts+ bnSu ¼bZnqy fQrj vkSj bZnqy vngk½ dk c;kuuekts+ bnSu ¼bZnqy fQrj vkSj bZnqy vngk½ dk c;kuuekts+ bnSu ¼bZnqy fQrj vkSj bZnqy vngk½ dk c;kuuekts+ bnSu ¼bZnqy fQrj vkSj bZnqy vngk½ dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vki
Qjekrs Fks fd eq>s ;s ilUn gS fd vkneh bu pkj jkrksa esa ft+Øs bykgh
vkSj bcknr ds fy;s vius vkidks fcYdqy Qkfjxq+y cky ¼iq[rk bjknk
djs½ j[ksA ¼1½ “kcs bZnqj fQrj ¼2½ “kcs bZnqy vngk ¼3½ ianjkg “kkcku ¼4½
jtc dh vOoy “kcA gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd eSaus
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dks bZns dqjcka ds jkst+ [kqrck esa ;s dgrs gq, lquk gS fd
vkt lt o vt dk fnu gS ;kfu ÅaVksa ds ft+Cgk djus vkSj nqvk djus
dk fnu gSA il ftl “k[l dh fu¸;r lgh gksxh rks mldh dqjckuh dk
igyk d+rjkg mlds gj xqukg dk d¶Qkjk gksxk vkSj vt ls eqjkn nqvk
gSA fygkt+k rqe lc ckjxkgs bykgh esa [kwc nqvk djks il [kqnk dh d+le
ftlds dCt+s esa eqgEenl-v-o- dh tku gS tks “k[l Hkh bl ed+ke ls okil
gksxk mlds reke xqukg ekQ gks pqds gksaxs flok,a ml “k[l ds tks xqukgs
dchjk ¼cM+s xqukgksa½ dk eqjrdc gqvk gSA vkSj mlh ft+n ij gS mldk
t+ehj ml xqukg dks rdZ djuk ¼NksM+uk½ ugha pkgrk gSA ge blls igys
fy[k pqds gS fd bZnSu dk xqly lqUur gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc jlwys [kqnkl-v-o-
bZn&my&fQrj ds ekSd+s ij bZnxkg dh rjQ tkus dk d+ln Qjekrs rks
ckgj fudyus ls igys pUn vaxqjksa ;k [ktwjksa ls b¶rkj Qjek ysrs Fks vkSj
vki ;kSeqy vngk ds ekSd+s ij bZnxkg ls okil ykSVus ls igys t+jk&lk
Hkh [kkuk u ilan Qjekrs FksA
291
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj fdlh “k[l dks bl ckr dk
bedku gks fd oks bZnqy fQrj ds jkst+ bZnxkg eas tkus ls d+Cy [kk&ih
ldrk gS rks oks ,slk djs ysfdu bZny vngk ds jkst+ tc rd dqjckuh
u dj pqds dqN u [kk,A vki bZnsu vkSj tqevk ds fnu bl rjg nqvk
djrs Fks %
vYykgqEe% eu rg¸;v o rvCcv o vvn~n% oLrvn~n% fcfjQknfru
vyk e[kywfd+u jtkv% fjQfngh o tkbt+frgh Q bySd% ;k lf¸;nh
dku% rg¸;ksbZ o bvnknh o bLfrvnknh jtkv fjQfnd% o tkbt+%rd% o
uokfQfyd% Q bUuh yek frd% fc vefyu lkfyfgu dn~nerqgw oyk
“kQkvfr e[kywfd+u jtksrqgw cy vrSrqd% eqfdj~ju fcT+t+quwfc oy blkvfr
vyk uQlh ;k vt+heks ;k vt+heks ;k vt+heks bxfQj fy;T+t+Ecy
vt+he% Q bUugw yk ;xfQ:T+t+Ecy vt+he% bYyk vUr% ;k vt+heks yk
bykg% bYyk vUr%A
rqtZek % ckjs bykgk! vkt ds fnu fdlh “k[l us vxj fdlh cUns ds ikl
tkdj buke gkfly djus dh mEehn esa vius dks rS;kj fd;k gqok vkSj
vck iguh gksrks ,s esjs vkd+k eSaus rq>ls feyus dh mEehn esa vkSj rsjs
bukekr gkfly djus dh xjt+ ls vkt ds fnu ;s rS;kjh dh gS D;ksafd
vkt u rks eSa rsjs ikl ls igys ls dksbZ vey lkysg djds vk;k gw¡A vkSj
u fdlh e[kywd+ dh flQkfj”k ysdj vk;k gw¡A cfYd vius xqukgksa dk
bd+jkj djrs gq, rsjs ikl vk;k gw¡ vkSj bl ckr dk bd+jkj djrk gw¡ fd
eSaus viuh tku ds lkFk cgqr cqjk lywd fd;k gSA ,s cqyUn o cM+rj
292
[kqnkA ,s cqyUn o cM+rj [kqnk] ,s cqyUn o cM+rj [kqnk] ,s cqyUn o cM+rj
[kqnk rw esjs cM+s xqukgksa dks ekQ Qjek ns D;ksafd rsjs flok dksbZ Hkh esjk
xqukg ekQ djus okyk ugha gSA ijojfnxkj rsjs flok dksbZ vkSj ekvcwn
ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
bZnSu dh uekt+ i<+us ds fy;s bZnxkg dh rjQ tkus ls igys vPNk
fyckl vkSj csgrjhu [kq”kcw yxkuk pkfg;sA vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS
fd %
;k cuh vkne% [kqt+w t+hurdqe bUn% dqfYy efLtfnu o dqyw o”kjcw o
yk rqlfjQw bUugw yk ;qfgCcqy eqlfjQhu% 8&7@31A
rtqZek % ,s vkSykns vkne gj uekt+ ds oD+r cu laoj ds fu[kj tk;k djks
[kkvks vkSj fivks vkSj Qqt+wy [kphZ u djks D;ksafd [kqnk Qqtw+y [kphZ djus
okyksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk] vkius Qjek;k fd blls ;s eqjkn gS fd bZnSu
vkSj tqevk ds fnu t+hur djuk vkSj [kq”kcw yxkuk pkfg;sA beke dks
yk;d+ gS fd oks lnhZ dk ekSle gks ;k xehZ dk ekSle rks ,d pknj vks<+s
vkSj vkekek lj ij j[ksA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd bZnSu ds ekSd+s ij
vxj nq”euksa ls [krjk gks rks gfFk;kj ckgj fudkyk tk;sA gt+jr
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- bu ik¡p ekSds+ ij uaxs iSj r”kjhQ ys tkrs Fks vkSj
nksuks twrksa dks vius ck,a gkFk esa yVdk ysrs Fks vkSj ;s Qjekrs Fks fd ;s
ik¡p ed+kekrs bykfg¸;k gSaA tgka eSa uaxs iSj py dj tkuk T+;knk ilUn
djrk gw¡A ¼1½ ;kSeqy fQrj ¼bZn ds fnu½ ¼2½ ;kSeqy ugj ¼bZnqy vngk
ds fnu½ ¼3½ tqevk ds fnu ¼4½ chekj dh b;knr ds oD+r ¼5½ tukt+k esa
f”kjdr ds oD+rA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd bZnSu dh uekt+ Nr
okyh txgksa ij ?kjksa esa u i<+uk pkfg;sA D;ksafd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- nwj eSnku
esa fudy tkrs Fks vkSj ogk¡ t+ehu ij viuh iS”kkuh >qdkrs FksA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls dgk x;k fd vki fdlh “k[l
dks gqDe nsa fd oks det+ksj vkSj ukrok¡ yksxksa dks bZn dh uekt+ efLtn
esa i<+k, vkius Qjek;k fd eSa bls ed:g le>rk gw¡ fd dksbZ ,slh lqUur
293
tkjh d:¡ tks jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us tkjh ugha QjekbZ gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd
bZnSu dh uekt+ esa mez jlhnk vkSjrksa dks gkft+j gksus dh :[lr gS rkfd
oks nqvk dj lds fd [kqnk mudks fjT+d ;kfu fudkg e;Llj djsA
lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd bZn ds fnu tc beke [kqrck “kq:
djs rks yksxksa dks [kkeks”kh ds lkFk fd+cyk&:[k cSB tkuk pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd bZnSu dh uekt+ esa
vt+ku vkSj bd+ker vkSj dksbZ uQy uekt+ ugha gS beke tqevk ds
cjvDl [kqrck ls igys uekt+ i<+k, vkSj bZnSu dh uekt+ flQZ nks
jdkvr gS ftuesa fd+jkvr cqyUn vkokt+ ls i<+uk pkfg;sA vki Qjekrs
gS fd bZnSu dh uekt+ esa rdchjk bl rjg dguk pkfg;sA igys
rdchjk&,&,gjke ds ckn fd+jkvr “kq: djds lwjr% Qkrsgk vkSj lwjr%
o”“kEl o nqgkgk i<+s fQj ik¡p rdchjsa dgs vkSj blds ckn :dwv ds
fy;s rdchjk dgs vkSj :dwv o lqtwn djs fQj [kM+s gksdj lwjr% Qkrsgk
vkSj gy vrkd% gnhlqy x+kf”k;k i<+s fQj pkj rdchjk dgs vkSj :dwv
dk rdchjk cksydj :dqv o lqtn djs vkSj fQj r”kkgqn i<+dj lyke
Qsjs vkSj gj nks rdchjk ds njfe;ku ;s nqvk,a dquwr i<+s %
vYykgqEex fQjyh ojgeuh o vkfQuh ovQks vUuh fQn~nhfu on+nqfu;k
oy vkf[kjfr bUud% vyk dqfYy “kSbu d+nhjA jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls
eudwy gS fd vki bZn ds fnu bZnxkg ls ykSVrs rks ml jkLrs ls r”kjhQ
u ykrs ftl jkLrs ls r”kjhQ ys x;s FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls iwNk x;k fd D;k oks “k[l vius
?kj esa uekt+ i<+ ldrk gS tks bZn dh uekt+ esa gkft+j ugha gqvk gS\ vkius
Qjek;k fd gk¡ oks i<+ ldrk gS vkSj bZn dh uekt+ ugha i<+uh pkfg;s
exj bekes vkfny ds lkFk vkSj tks bZn dh uekt+ esa gkft+j u gks ldk
gks pkgs vkSjr gks ;k enZ vius ?kj esa pkj jdkvr uekt+ i<+s nks jdkvr
bZn dh uekt+ vkSj nks jdkvr [kqrck dh uekt+ blh rjg xkao ds oks
yksx tks bZn dh uekt+ esa “kjhd u gq, gksa oks vius fy;s pkj jdkvr
uekt+ i<+sA
294
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius mu xkao okyksa ds eqrkfYyd+
Qjek;k tks bZn dh uekt+ esa “kjhd u gks lds Fks fd oks “kgj esa beke
ds lkFk uekt+ u i<+ ldrs gks rks mu ij pkj jdkvr uekt+ i<+uk
okftc gSA vkius Qjek;k gS fd eqlkfQj ij bZn vkSj tqevk dh uekt+
esa f”kjdr okftc ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius bZnSu dh uekt+ ds
eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k fd vxj “kgj esa beke ds lkFk ik¡p ;k ik¡p ls T+;knk
yksx gksa rks mu ij tqevk vkSj bZnSu dh uekt+ i<+uk okftc gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ds vgns f[kykQr esa ,d erZck nks
bZnSu ;kfu ;kSeqy tqevk vkSj bZnqy fQrj bdV~Bk gks x;s ml oD+r vkius
igys rks uekt+s bZn i<+kbZ blds ckn Qjek;k fd xkao okyksa esa ls ftudk
?kj nwj gS mudks pys tkus dh btkt+r gS fQj vkius efLtn esa yksxksa dks
tqevk dh uekt+ i<+kbZA vkius mu yksxksa ds eqrkfYyd+ b”kkZn Qjek;k
ftUgksausa bZn dk pkan ugh ns[kk vkSj cgkyrs jkst+k lqcg dh ;gka rd fd
bZn dh uekt+ dk oD+r xqt+j x;k blds ckn pan vkfny “kkfgnksa us
“kgknr nh fd mUgksaus xqft+”rk “kc bZn dk pkan ns[kk FkkA vkius Qjek;k
fd oks yksx jkst+k b¶rkj dj ysa vkSj nwljs fnu] fnu ds vOoy fgLls esa
bZn dh uekt+ i<+us ds fy;s ckgj fudysaA vkius Qjek;k fd bZns dqjck¡
ds fnuksa esa vjQk ds fnu uekts+ Qtz ls ysdj vlj dh uekt+ rd
dqjckuh ds vk[kjh fnu rd rdchj dgh tk;saA
beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd v¸;kesa r”kjhd+ ¼bZns dqckZa ds fnuksa½
esa enZ vkSj gj vkSjr ij rdchjk cksyuk okftc gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd v¸;kesa
r”kjhd+ esa ¼dqckZuh ds fnuksa esa½ gj QtZ+ uekt+ ds ckn bl rjg rdchjk
dguk pkfg;s%
vYykgks vdcj vYykgks vdcj yk bykg% bYyYykgks oYykgks vdcj
vYykgks vdcj ofyYykfgy gEnks vYykgks vdcj vyk ek gnkuk
oYykgks vdcj vyk ek jt+d+uk feu cghefry vUvke vkSj beke tc
295
uekt+ i<+krk gks rks rdchjk cksys vkSj tc cksydj [kkeks”k gks tk;s rks
tks yksx mlds ihNs gSa oks Hkh cqyUn vkokt+ ls rdchjk cksysa vkSj vxj
dksbZ rUgk uekt+ i<+rk gks rks oks Hkh rdchj cksys vkSj beke ds lkFk
ftldh uekt+ QkSr gks pqdh gksA oks tc rd ckd+h uekt+ iwjh u dj ys
vkSj lyke u QSj ys rdchj u dgsA
uekt+ esa lgo ¼Hkwy½ dk c;kuuekt+ esa lgo ¼Hkwy½ dk c;kuuekt+ esa lgo ¼Hkwy½ dk c;kuuekt+ esa lgo ¼Hkwy½ dk c;kuuekt+ esa lgo ¼Hkwy½ dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- ls vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjkev-l- ls eudwy gS vki Qjekrs gSa
fd vxj dksbZ “k[l rdchjk&rqy&vgjke Hkwy tk;s rks fQj ls uekt+
i<+sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ml “k[l ds
eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k tks uekt+ i<+rk gS vkSj mldks vius :dwv esa “kd gS
vkius Qjek;k fd oks :dwv djs vkSj fQj lgo ds nks ltns djs vkSj
ml “k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ vkius Qjek;k ftldks ;s “kd gS fd mlus ,d
jdkvr uekt+ i<+h gS ;k nks jdkvr i<+ jgk gS rks vkius Qjek;k fd
vxj oks cSB pqdk gS vkSj r”kg~gqn Hkh i<+ pqdk gS oks fQj r”kg~gqn gkbZy
gS ysfdu mldks bl ckr dk ;d+hu gS fd mlus ,d gh jdvkr uekt+
i<+h gS rks mBdj nwljh jdvkr uekt+ i<+s vkSj vxj r”kg~gqn ds fy;s
ugha cSBk gS rks ftl ij ;d+hu gks oks vey djs vkSj ltnk lgo
cgjgky djs vkSj vxj bl ckr dk “kd gS fd nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+h
gS ;k rhu jdkvr i<+h gS bl lwjr esa Hkh ;d+hu ij vey djs vkSj vxj
bl ckr esa “kd gS fd rhu jdkvr i<+h gS ;k pkj jdkvr i<+h gS il
bl lwjr esa lyke QSjus ds ckn cSBdj nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+s vxj rhu
jdkvr i<+h gksxh rks mlus cSBdj tks nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+h gS oks
c&efUtyk ,d jdkvr ds gS blls pkj jdkvr uekt+ iwjh gks tk;sxhA
vkSj vxj eqlYyh dks bles “kd gks fd mlus nks jdkvr uekt+
i<+h gS ;k pkj jdkvr rks fQj oks lyke QSjus ds ckn nks jdkvr uekt+
i<+s vxj mldh uekt+ iwjh gks xbZ gksxh rks ;s nks jdkvr uekt+ uQy
gksxh vkSj vxj mlus nks gh jdkvr i<+h gS rks bu nks jdkvrksa ls mldh
296
iwjh uekt+ gks tk;sxh bu nksuks jdkvrksa esa flQZ lwjv% Qkrsgk i<+sA bu
reke lwjrksa esa lyke ds ckn lgo ds nks ltns djs vkSj fQj NksVk
r”kkgqn bl rjg i<+s %
fcfLeYykfg o fcYykfg o v”kgnks vu yk bykg% bYyYykgks o
ly&yYykgks vyk eqgEefnu o vyk vkfygh vkSj vxj eqlYyh :dwv
Hkwy x;k gks vkSj ltnk esa pyk x;k gks] rks fQj ls uekt+ i<+s vkSj vxj
eqlYyh ltnk Hkwy x;k gks rks ;kn vkus ds ckn tc lyke Qsj pqds rks
ltnk dj ysA vkSj vxj eqlYyh r”kg~gqn Hkwy tk;s rks ltnk lgo djs
vkSj vxj eqlYyh lyke Qsjuk Hkwy x;k gS rks r”kg~gqn esa mlus tks
lyke i<+k gS oks dkQh gS fd %
vLlykeks vySd% v¸;ksgu uch¸;ks o jgerqYykfg o cjdkrqgw vLlykeks
vySuk o vyk bckfnYykfgl lkfyghu%A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
eqlYyh uekt+ dh cvt+ jdkvr esa fdjkvr Hkwy x;k gS rks tks jdkvr
ckd+h gS muesa fdjkvr i<+s ;s mlds fy;s dkQh gS vkSj vxj reke esa
fd+jkvr Hkwy x;k gS vkSj mlus :dwv o lqtqn o rdchjk cjkcj vnk
fd;k gS rks mls fQj uekt+ i<+uk okftc ugha gSA ysfdu vxj mlus
venu fd+jkvr rdZ fd;k gS rks mldks fQj ls uekt+ i<+uk okftc gSA
vkSj vxj dksbZ “k[l igyk r”kg~gqn i<+uk Hkwy tk;s vkSj rhljh
jdkvr i<+us ds fy;s [kM+k gks tk;s rks fQj mldks vpkud :dwv es
;kn vk, fd oks r”kg~gqn ds fy;s cSBk ugh Fkk rks cSBdj r”kg~gqn i<+ys
vkSj tc lyke QSjs rks ltnk lgo djs vkSj vxj :dqv ds ckn ;kn
vk, rks uekt+ i<+dj lyke ds ckn ltnk lgo djsA
vkils ,sls eqlYyh ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k ftlus Hkwy dj nks
jdkvr ds ckn lyke QSj fn;k vkSj mlus ;s le>k fd iwjh uekt+ i<+
yh gSA vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us yksxksa dks uekt+
i<+kbZ vkSj nks jdkvr ij lyke QSj fn;kA tc vki eqlYys ij ls mBs
rks ml oD+r vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh f[kner esa tqy;s n;u us vt+Z fd;k fd
297
,s jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- D;k uekt+ de dj nh xbZ ;k vki Hkwy x;s FksA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us iwNk fd rqe D;k le>rs gks] tqy;nsu us dgk fd vkius
rks nks gh jdkvr uekt+ i<+kbZ gS fQj vkagt+jrl-v-o- us yksxksa ls iwNk fd
tqy;nsu dh ckr lp gS\ yksxksa us dgk fd gka ;k jlwyYykgl-v-o- bl
rgd+hd+ ds ckn vkius fQj nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+h vkSj lyke ds ckn
ltnk&,&lgo fd;k vkSj NksVk r”kg~gqn i<+dj lyke QSj fn;kA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us ,sls “k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k gS
ftlus Hkwy dj T+;knk uekt+ i<+ yh gS vxj eqlYyh pkSFkh jdkvr esa cSB
pqdk gS vkSj mlus r”kg~gqn i<+ fy;k gS rks mldh uekt+ reke gks pqdh
ysfdu lgo ds nks ltns djs vkSj vxj pkSFkh jdkvr esa ugha cSBk gS rks
fQj ls uekt+ i<+sA
vkius ml “k[l ds ckjs esa Qjek;k tks ;s Hkwy x;k gS fd mlus
vk;k T+;knk uekt+ i<+ Mkyh gS ;k de] rks ltnk lgo djs vkSj tc
fdlh dks viuh uekt+ ls tjkZ cjkcj Hkh “kd gks vkSj oks vkxs i<+ pqdk
gS rks uekt+ iwjh dj ns vkSj :dwv ds ckn vxj rdchjk esa “kd gqvk gS
rks uekt+ tkjh j[ks vkSj vxj lqtqn ds ckn “kd gks rks uekt+ tkjh j[ks
vkSj [kM+s gksus ds ckn ;k r”kg~gqn ds okLrs cSB tkus ds ckn lqtqn es “kd
gks rks uekt+ tkjh j[ks blh rjg lyke ds ckn uekt+ esa t+jk Hkh “kd
gks rks ml ij bvknk ¼fQj ls i<+uk½ ykft+e ugha gS ;s reke “kd dh
lwjr esa djsA ;d+hu dh gkyr esa ugha ysfdu tc ;d+hu gks rks [krk ij
uekt+ dks tkjh u j[ksA
vkils ,sls “k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k rks beke ds ihNs uekt+
i<+rk gS vkSj dqN Hkwy x;k rks D;k djsaA vkius Qjek;k fd ml ij dqN
Hkh okftc ugha gSA beke mldk cks>k mBk,xk vkSj vxj dksbZ u¶y esa
Hkwy gks tk;s rks mlds eqrkfYyd+ vki ls tc iwNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k
fd ml ij dqN okftc ugha gS ukfQyk pkgs ,d gks ;k ,d ls T+;knk]
ftl d+nz pkgs i<+sA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck ,d vulkjh
jlwyYykgl-v-o- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gqvk mlus dgk fd ,s jlwys [kqnklvo-
eq>dks uekt+ es tks ololk iSnk gksrk gS eSa mldh vkids ikl f”kdk;r
ysdj vk;k gw¡A ololk dHkh&dHkh rks bruk gks tkrk gS fd eq>s [kcj
rd ugha gksrh fd vk;k eSaus T+;knk uekt+ i<+h gS ;k de jlwys [kqnkl-vo-
298
us Qjek;k fd tc rqe uekt+ i<+us ds fy;s [kM+s gks rks viuh nkfgus gkFk
dh rLchg okyh vaxqyh ls ck,a jku ¼tka?k½ esa nckdj ;s nqvk i<+ks %
fcfLeYykfg o fcYykfg o roDdyrks vyYykfg vÅt+ks fcYykfgLlehby
vyhe feu””kSrkfuj~jthe%A ,slk djus ls rqEgkjk ololk nwj gks tk;k
djsxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ,sls “k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k ftldks
viuh uekt+ esa “kd iSnk gksrk FkkA vkius Qjek;k fd fQj ls uekt+ i<+sA
vtZ+ fd;k x;k fd “kd vkSj c<+rk tkrk gS ;gk¡ rd fd ftruh ckj
bvknk djrk gS “kd fQj gks tkrk gS vkius Qjek;k fd viuh uekt+
tkjh j[ksA ysfdu rqe yksx uekt+ rksM+us dh cqjh vknr viuh tkfuc ls
u iSnk djks ojuk rqEgs mldh ckj&ckj rev ¼ykyp½ gksxh vxj ,slk
fd;k tk;s tSlk fd eSaus dgk gS rks ;s vknr ckd+h u jgsxhA
uekt+ d+rv djus dk c;kuuekt+ d+rv djus dk c;kuuekt+ d+rv djus dk c;kuuekt+ d+rv djus dk c;kuuekt+ d+rv djus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkck&,&fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
,slk “k[l tks uekt+ dh gkyr esa fdlh cPps dks vkx dh rjQ pyrs
gq, ns[ks vkSj ;s [krjk gks fd oks vkx esa ty tk;sxk ;k Nr ij p<+ jgk
gS vkSj ogka ls fxj tk;sxk ;k cdjh dks ?kj esa nkf[ky gksrs ns[ks tks ?kj
esa tkdj phtksa dks uqd+lku igq¡pk,xh ;k bl fd+Le dh dksbZ vkSj ckr gks
rks blesa dksbZ gt+Z ugha gS fd eqlYyh drjkdj fd+Cys ls eq¡g u fQjkrs
gq, ogk¡ tk;s vkSj ml pht+ dh fgQkt+r djs vkSj fQj tgka ls uekt+
NksM+h gS ogka ls uekt+ dks iwjh djsa viuh ml uekt+ dks rksM+s ugha ysfdu
vxj ,slh lwjrs gky gks fd oks flok, uekt+ d+rv djus ¼NksM+us½ ds dqN
ugha dj ldrk gS rks ,sls oD+r esa uekt+ d+rv djs vkSj fQj ls uekt+
i<+sA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tks “k[l
viuh uekt+ esa gnl ¼i[kkuk] iS”kkc] ikn½ djs rks oks fQj ls oqtq djds
299
uekt+ i<+sA ysfdu oks “k[l ftldks ;s [;ky gks mlus gok [kkfjt dh
gS rks oks ,slk u djs gkykafd cncw eglwl djs ;k mldh vkokt+ lqus ;k
fQj mls gnl dk iwjk ;d+hu gks rks eqUgfjQ ¼vyx½ gksdj fQj ls oqt+q
djds uekt+ i<+sA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ,d erZck yksxksa dks uekt+ i<+k jgs
Fks fd vkidh udlhj ¼ukd ls [kwu dk fudyuk½ QwV xbZ ml oD+r
vkius viuh txg ij ,d “k[l dk gkFk idM+dj vkxs dj fn;k vkSj
fQj [kwu lkQ djds vkius rugk uekt+ i<+hA vki Qjekrs gSa vxj
uekt+ dh gkyr esa dksbZ ckrphr djs rks ml ij fQj ls uekt+ i<+uk
okftc gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eqlYyh ds vkxs ls xqt+jus ds
eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd uekt+ dks dksbZ pht+ d+rv
ugha djrh exj fdlh “k[l dks vius vkxs ls xqt+jus u nksA [okg rqedks
tax D;wa u djuh iM+sA vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck tc vkagt+jrl-v-o-
uekt+ i<+ jgs Fks rks vkids vkxs ls ,d dqRrk xqt+jk fQj x/kk xqt+jkA
fQj ,d vkSjr xqt+jh vki uekt+ esa e”kxqy Fks tc uekt+ ls Qkfjx+ gq,
rks vkius yksxksa ls Qjek;k fd eSaus tks dqN ns[kk gS ogh rqeus Hkh ns[kk
gS ysfdu eqfeu dh uekt+ dks dksbZ pht+ d+rv ugha dj ldrhA vycRrk
rqe yksx tgk¡ rd gks lds fgQkt+r j[kksA
elcwd+ ¼ckn esa vkus okys½ dh uekt+ dk c;kuelcwd+ ¼ckn esa vkus okys½ dh uekt+ dk c;kuelcwd+ ¼ckn esa vkus okys½ dh uekt+ dk c;kuelcwd+ ¼ckn esa vkus okys½ dh uekt+ dk c;kuelcwd+ ¼ckn esa vkus okys½ dh uekt+ dk c;ku
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k
fd tc beke uekt+ ls rqels lkfcd+ gks tk;s rks beke ds lkFk uekt+
dk tks Hkh fgLlk rqedks feys mls rqe viuh vOoy uekt+ d+jkj nks vxj
beke ekSd+k ns rks vius fny esa fd+jkvr i<+ks vxj bldk bedku u gks
rks tks jdkvr d+t+k i<+ks mlesa fd+jkvr i<+ yksA vxj dksbZ “k[l bZ”kk
dh uekt+ esa “kjhd gqvk gS vkSj beke ,d jdkvr i<+ pqdk gS rks tc
beke rhljh jdkvr esa [kM+k gks rks elcwd vius fny esa fd+jkvr i<+s
vkSj mls vius eu esa nwljh jdkvr le>s vkSj tc beke lyke QSj ns
300
rks elcwd lyke u Qsjs mBdj ,d jdkvr i<+s vkSj mles lwjr Qkrsgk
i<+s D;ksafd ml ij ,d gh jdkvr i<+uk okftc gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls iwNk x;k fd vxj dksbZ “k[l
tekvr dh uekt+ esa ml oD+r “kjhd gks tcfd mldh ,d jdkvr
tkrh jgh gS rks oks D;k djsa\ vkius Qjek;k fd oks muds lkFk nwljh
jdkvr esa “kkfey gksA tc lc yksx cSBs rks oks Hkh x+Sjs eqrefdu cSBs
¼vius iSjks ij cSBs½ vkSj tc oks rhljh jdkvr esa [kM+s gks rks ;s mldh
nwljh jdkvr gksxh rks oks mlesa fd+jkvr i<+s vkSj tc ltns ls viuk
lj mBk, rks ml oD+r NksVk r”kg~gqn i<+us ds fy;s cSBs blds ckn tc
lQ cjkcj gks tk;s vkSj vHkh yksx :dwv esa u x;s gksa blls igys mB
[kM+k gks fQj yksx pkSFkh jdkvr esa cSB tk;s rks oks Hkh x+Sj eqrefdu cSBsA
beke tc lyke QSjs ns rks mBdj ,d jdkvr uekt+ i<+s fQj r”kg~gqn
i<+dj lyke QSj nsA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftldh
ex+fjc dh uekt+ ,d jdkvr QkSr gks xbZ gks vkSj beke lkfcd+ gks ml
oD+r uekt+ esa “kjhd gksus okyk “k[l gj jdkvr ds ckn cSBs ;kfu tc
beke nwljh jdkvr esa cSBs rks elcwd+ Hkh x+Sj&eqrefdu cSBs ;s mldh
igyh jdkvr gksxh blds ckn beke mBdj rhljh jdkvr esa e[Qh
fdj+kvr i<+s rks oks viuh nwljh jdkvr esa fny esa fdj+kvr i<+s ¼beke us
nwljh jdkvr esa tks lwjr Qkfrgk ds ckn tks lwjr i<+h gks mlds ckn
dh NksVh lwjr tYnh ls i<+s½ mlds ckn cSBs ;s elcwd+ dh nwljh jdkvr
gksxhA elcwd+ beke ds lkFk viuk igyk r”kg~gqn i<+s vkSj beke tc
lyke QSj ys rks elcwd+ [kM+k gksdj viuh rhljh jdkvr esa lwjr%
Qkfrgk i<+s o :dqv lqtwn ds ckn r”kg~gwn i<+dj lyke QSj ysA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tc beke nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+
pqdk gks vkSj fQj eqd+rnh tekvr esa “kjhd gqvk rks ftl jdkvr esa
“kjhd gqvk gS ogha ls viuh uekt+ “kq: le>sa vkSj vius fny esa lwjr%
Qkrsgk vkSj dksbZ ,d lwjr i<+s vxj beke rqedksa bldk ekSd+k ns vkSj
vxj rqe ,slh jdkvr esa “kkfey gq, gks ftlesa fd+jkvr dk bedku gS
rks rqe mldks viuh igyh jdkvr “kqekj djks vkSj tc beke nwljk
r”kg~gqn i<+us ds fy;s cSBs rks rqe Hkh cSBksA ysfdu rqe ml r”kg~gqn dks
igyk r”kg~gqn le>ks vkSj ogh nqvk i<+ks tks igys r”kg~gqn esa i<+h tkrh
301
gSA tc beke lyke QSj ns rks rqe mBdj vxj t+ksgj] vlz] bZ”kk dh
uekt+ gks rks nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+ks vkSj vxj ex+fjc dh uekt+ gks rks
,d jdkvr i<+ks gj jdkvr esa lwjr Qkrsgk i<+ksA fQj nwljk r”kg~gqn
i<+dj lyke Qsjks vkSj vxj rqedks beke ds lkFk flQZ ,d gh jdkvr
feyh gks rks mldks viuh uekt+ dh vOoy jdkvr le>ks vkSj tc beke
r”kg~gqn ds fy;s cSBs rks rqe Hkh x+Sj eqrefdu cSBks vkSj rqe r”kg~gqn u
i<+ks tc beke lyke QSjs rks rqe mBks vkSj tks jdkvr rqe i<+ pqds gks
mls igyh jdkvr d+jkj nsdj ckd+h jdkvrksa dks iwjk dj yksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj
dksbZ “k[l uekt+ esa beke ds :dwv ls igys ;k :dwv dh gkyr esa
“kjhd gqvk gks vkSj mldks rdchjk cksyus dk ekSd+k feyk gks vkSj :dwv
dj ldrk gks beke ds :dwv ls flj mBkus ls igys rks mldh ,d
jdkvr uekt+ gks xbZ vkSj beke ds lkFk :dwv esa “kjhd u gks ldk vkSj
beke us :dwv ls flj mBk fy;k rks beke ds lkFk “kkfey rks gks tk;s
ysfdu mldks jdkvr u “kqekj djsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ “k[l
ml oD+r uekt+ esa “kkfey gks tcfd beke :dwv dh gkyr esa gks rks ,d
gh rdchjk cksydj :dwv djs ml oD+r ,d gh rdchjk dkQh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh “k[l dh
beke ds lkFk ,d jdkvr uekt+ pyh xbZ gks vkSj beke us lyke QSj
fn;k ysfdu oks ,d jdkvr i<+uk Hkwy x;k vkSj mlus Hkh yksxksa ds lkFk
lyke Qsj fn;k rks ml ij okftc gS fd oks rUgk QkSr “kqnk jdkvr i<+s
vkSj r”kg~gqn i<+dj lyke Qsjs vkSj vxj beke uekt+ dh jdkvr esa
lkfcd+ gS vkSj uekt+ dh gkyr esa gnl ykgd+ gks tk;s vkSj beke ml
elcwd+ dks vkxs dj ns rks tc oks “k[l beke dh uekt+ dks reke dj
ys rks vius ihNs okys yksxksa dks b”kkjk dj ns fd oks lyke QSj nsa vkSj
pys tk;sa fQj oks [kqn mBdj viuh uekt+ iwjh djsA vkSj t+ksj ls rdchjk
u djsA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd beke dks yk;d+ gS fd oks tc lyke QSj pqds
rks viuh txg ij bruh nsj rd cSBs fd ftldh uekt+ pyh xbZ gks oks
iwjh dj ysA beke nsj rd bu uekt+ksa esa cSBk jgs ftlesa uekt+ ds ckn
302
nqvk oxSjkg i<+h tkrh gks rkfd beke ds viuh txg ls mBus ls igys
ftldh uekt+ QkSr gqbZ gks oks iwjh djs vkSj beke ml njfe;ku esa viuh
txg ij cSBdj nqvk vkSj rd+:Zc i<+k djsA
fdl mez esa cPpksa dks uekt+ i<+us dh rkdhn djuhfdl mez esa cPpksa dks uekt+ i<+us dh rkdhn djuhfdl mez esa cPpksa dks uekt+ i<+us dh rkdhn djuhfdl mez esa cPpksa dks uekt+ i<+us dh rkdhn djuhfdl mez esa cPpksa dks uekt+ i<+us dh rkdhn djuh
pkfg;spkfg;spkfg;spkfg;spkfg;s
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tc
cPpk le>us yxs rks mldks uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe djuk pkfg;s vkSj vxj
oks jkst+k j[k lds rks jkst+k j[kus dk Hkh gqDe fd;k tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tc cPpk le>nkj gks
tk;s vkSj oks FkksM+k dqjvku i<+us yxs rks mldks uekt+ fl[kkuk pkfg;sA
beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l- ds ikl tks cPps gkft+j gksrss Fks mudks idM+rs
vkSj gqDe nsrs fd oks t+ksgj o vlz dh uekt+ ,d oD+r esa i<+ ysa vkSj
ex+fjc o b”kk dh uekt+ ,d oD+r esa i<+ ysA bl flyflys esa tc vkils
vt+Z fd;k x;k rks vkius tokc esa Qjek;k fd ;s mu ij fugk;r vklku
gksxk rkfd oks uekt+ i<+us dh rjQ ekby gks vkSj uekt+ i<+uk rdZ u
djsa vkSj uekt+ i<+s cx+Sj lks u tk;s vkSj blls x+kfQy u gks tk;sa vki
QtZ+ uekt+ ds vykok fdlh vkSj uekt+ ds fy;s mudks etcwj ugha djrs
Fks vki Qjekrs Fks fd vxj cPps uekt+ i<+ ldrs gks rks mudks Qt+Z
uekt+ t+:j i<+kuk pkfg;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs Fks fd tc cPpksa esa uekt+ dks le>us dk
ekn~nk iSnk gks tk;s rks mudks uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe djuk pkfg;s vkSj
jkst+k j[k ldrs gksa rks mudks jkst+k j[kus dk gqDe djuk pkfg;sA vkils
vtZ+ fd;k x;k fd mudks fdl mez esa uekt+ vkSj jkst+k dk gqDe nsuk
pkfg;s vkius Qjek;k fd cPps tc N% lky ds gks tk;s rks mudks uekt+
i<+us dk gqDe fn;k tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ge vgyscSrv-l- vius
cPpksa dks tc fd lkr lky ds gks tkrs gSa rks uekt+ i<+us vkSj vxj jkst+k
j[k ldrs gks rks jkst+k j[kus dk gqDe djrs gSa vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj
303
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj vkck&,&fdjke ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us
Qjek;k gS fd tc cPps lkr lky ds gks rks mudks uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe
djks vkSj tc ukS lky ds gks vkSj uekt+ i<+uk NksM+ ns rks mudks ekjks vkSj
tc nl lky ds gks rks mudk fcNksuk vyx djks ;s reke ckrs ,d nwljs
ds d+jhc&d+jhc gSa cPpks dh rkd+r vkSj vD+y ds vgoky eq[krfyQ gksrs
gS eryc ;s gS fd mlh vUnkt+s ds eqrkfcd+ mudks nhuh rkyhe nsuk
pkfg;sA ;wa rks cPps x+Sj&eqdfYyQ ¼cs tokcnkj½ gSaA vbEek rkfgjhuv-l-
dk ;s vez rks egt rknhc ¼bYe o rkyhe o v[ykd½ dh fcuk ij gS
rkfd cpiu gh ls cPpksa dks uekt+ o jkst+k j[kus dh vknr gks tk;s vkSj
tc mu ij Qt+Z i<+us dk t+ekuk vk tk;s rks oks ml oD+r rd
rtqjck&dkj gks pqds gksaxs vkSj vknh cu pqds gksaxs fQj oks uekt+ dks rdZ
djus ds eqjrdc u gksaxsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- cPpksa dks ekgs&jet+ku esa fnu ds dqN
fgLls rd jkst+k j[kus dk gqDe djrs Fks tc vki ns[krs fd cPpksa ij Hkw[k
vkSj I;kl dk x+yck gks pqdk gS rks b¶rkj djk nsrs FksA vki ,slk egt+
mudks rnjhtu vknh cukus dh xjt+ ls djrs Fks ojuk jkst+k vkSj uekt+
crkSj Qt+Z rks gj enZ vkSj gj vkSjr ij ckfyax gksus ds ckn gh okftc
gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd rhu
vknfe;ksa ls gqDe ejQwv gSA lksus okyk tc rd tkx u tk;s] etuwu
tc rd gks”k esa u vk tk;s] cPpk tc rd fd ckfyx u gks tk;sA
eqlkfQj dh uekt+ dk c;kueqlkfQj dh uekt+ dk c;kueqlkfQj dh uekt+ dk c;kueqlkfQj dh uekt+ dk c;kueqlkfQj dh uekt+ dk c;ku
eqlkfQj tc ,slk lQj djs ftlesa d+lj uekt+ i<++h tkrh gS rks
[okg nfj;k esa lQj djs ;k [kq'dh esa t+ksgj] vlj vkSj b'kk dh uekt+
d+lj i<+++sA bu rhuks uekt+ksa esa pkj jdkvr dh ctk; nks jdkvr Qjt
uekt+ i<+++sA eXkfjc vkSj Qtj dh uekt+ esa d+lj ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd&
vYykg rvkyk us esjh mEer dks ,slk gfn;k vrk Qjek;k gS fd tSlk
gfn;k fdlh vkSj mEer dks ugha c['kk gS ;g egt+ [kqnk dh rjQ ls esjh
304
mEer dh bT+t+r vQt+kbZ gSA yksxks us vt+Z fd;k fd ;k jlwys [kqnkl-vo-
og gfn;k D;k gS\ gt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd lQj esa b¶rkj djuk vkSj
lQj esa d+lz uekt+ i<+++uk [kqnk dh rjQ ls ,d fd+Le dk vfr;k gS vxj
fdlh us vey u fd;k rks xks;k mlus [kqnk ds gfn;k dks okfil ykSVk
fn;kA
veh#y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ftlus lQj esa d+lz uekt+
i<+++h vkSj b¶rkj fd;k rks xks;k mlus [kqnk dh ml r[QhQ dks dqcwy
dj fy;k mldh uekt+ eqdEey gks xbZ beke ckfd+jv-l- ls lQj dh
gkyr esa uekt+ dh dSfQ;r ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k fd fdl rjg gS\
vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd [kqnk oUns rvkyk us Qjek;k gS fd %
ßo bt+k t+jcrqe fQy vjfn QySl% vySdqe tqukgqu vurd+lq:
feuLlykfr ¼5&4@100½Þ ßtc rqe :,s t+ehu ij lQj djks rks rqe ij
d+lz uekt+ i<+++us eas dksbZ gtZ ugha gSAÞ
beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd lQj esa d+lz uekt+ i<++uk mlh
rjg okftc gS tSls eqd+he dks iwjh uekt+ i<++uk okftc gSA vt+Z fd;k
x;k fd Qjt+Uns jlwyqYykgl-v-o- bl vk;r esa rks [kqnk rvkyk us ;g
Qjek;k gS fd rqe ij dksbZ gtZ ugha gS cl bruk gh Qjek;k gS] ,slk ugha
Qjek;k gS fd rqe yksx d+lz uekt+ i<+++ks fygkt+k d+lz uekt+ i<+++uk iwjh
uekt+ i<+++us ds ekfuUn dSls okftc gks ldrh gS vki us Qjek;k fd [kqnk
oUns rvkyk us ,d nwljh vk;r esa blh rjg Qjek;k gS fd %
ßbUuLlQk oy ejor% feu 'kvk bfjYykfg Qeu gTty cSr% vfovrej%
Qyk tqukg% vySfg vU¸;RrOoQ% fcfgek ¼2&2@157½Þ cs'kd dksg&lQkg
dksg&eokZ [kqnk dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls gS cl tks 'k[l gt ;k mejk djs
ml ij mu nksuksa ds njfe;ku rokQ djus dk dqN xqukg ugha gS ¼cfYd
lokc gS½ D;k rqe dks ekywe gS fd lQk o ejokg dk rokQ okftc vkSj
QtZ+ gS\ D;ksafd [kqnk oUns rvkyk us blh rjg viuh fdrkc dqjvku
ethn esa bldk ft+Ø dj fn;k gS vkSj jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us ml ij vey
Qjek;k gS cl mlh rjg [kqnk us d+lz uekt+ dk ft+dz viuh fdrkc esa
305
dj fn;k gS vkSj jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us ml ij vey dj fn[kk;k gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhu-v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us lQj esa iwjh uekt+ i<+++us ls euk Qjek;k gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd eSa ml 'k[l ls cjh gw¡ tks eqlkfQj
gksdj iwjh uekt+ i<++rk gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd vxj lQj esa
pkj jdkvr uekt+ Qt+Z i<++h gS rks ml ij bvknk ¼okil i<+++uk½ okftc
gS tcfd mlus jdkvr d+lz u i<++h gks vkSj mldks ekywe u gks rks ml
ij bvknk okftc ugha gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+ v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius
Qjek;k fd lQj dh gkyr esa eqlkfQj ij nks gh jdkvr uekt+ QtZ+ gS
flok; ex+fjc vkSj Qtz dh uekt+ ds D;ksafd mlesa d+lz ugha gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd lQj esa eqlkfQj
ij fnu esa QtZ+ uekt+ ds flok vkSj dksbZ uekt+ okftc ugha gSA ysfdu
vxj rqe jkrHkj uekt+ i<+++uk pkgks rks i<++ ldrs gksA vkSj fnu dh u¶y
uekt+ jkr esa dt+k i<+++uk Hkwyuk u pkfg;sA vkius Qjek;k fd tc
eqlkfQj vius 'kgj ;k xkao ls ,sls lQj ij fudys ftlesa uekt+ d+lz
i<++h tkrh gS rks uekt+ dks d+lz i<+++s vkSj ekg jetku gksrks jkst+k b¶rkj
djsA vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd vkus vkSj tkus esa 24 ehy dk Qklyk gks
rks eqlkfQj dks uekt+ d+lz i<+++uk pkfg;s ;kfu eqlkfQj vxj lQj ds
fy;s fudys ¼1 cqjhn½ 12 ehy dh eqlkQr ij vkSj fQj og okil gksuk
pkgrk gS rks uekt+ d+lz i<+++s vkSj vxj bd+ker ¼Bgjus½ dk bjknk j[krk
gks rks d+lz uekt+ u i<+++s ;gka rd fd eqlkQr 24 ehy gks tk;sA
gt+jr veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd eSus jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls
lquk gS fd lkr fd+Le ds vkneh d+lz uekt+ u i<+++sA vehj tks vius
bykdksa esa x'r ij gks] vkSj yxku olwy djus okyk tc og yxku olwy
djus tk;s] rkftj tks frtkjr dh xt+Z ls xkao xkao ?kwerk gks vkSj
f'kdkjh] vkSj eqgkfjc ;kfu dksroky tks pksjksa vkSj yqVsjksa ds f[kykQ tax
djrk gks] vkSj nsgkrh tks ikuh dh ryk'k esa ;gka ogka fQjrk gks] vkSj
fdlkuA ;g reke yksx vxj ,d xkao ls nwljs xkao esa nkSjk djrs gks vkSj
lQj esa rst+ : uk gks rks d+lz uekt+ u i<+++sA blh rjg beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us tkuojks dks fdjk;s ij nsus okys vkSj eYykg ¼fd”rh pykus okys½
ds ckjs esa Qjek;k gS fd ;g nksuks Hkh d+lz uekt+ u i<+++s D;ksafd ;g mudh
vknr gS mlh rjg ls og eqlkfQj ftldh t+ehus d+jhc d+jhc gS ;kfu
306
,d jkst+ bl xkao esa] vkSj ,d jkst+ nwljs xkao esa jgrk gks rks uekt+ d+lz
u i<+++sA bl rjg ls og eqlkfQj tks dgha lQj ds nkSjku vkius vgyks
v;ky ¼fj'rsnkjks½ esgjenkj ds ikl Bgjs rks d+lz uekt+ u i<+++sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc
dksbZ eqlkfQj fdlh ed+ke ij nl fnu Bgjus dh fu;~;r djs rks ogka
oks jkst+k Hkh j[ks vkSj iwjh uekt+ Hkh i<+++s vkSj vxj mlls de Bgjus dh
fu;~;r gks rks jkst+k b¶rkj djs vkSj uekt+ d+lz i<+++s D;kasfd og eqlkfQj
dh gkyr esa gS vkSj vxj nksuks esa ls dqN Hkh fu¸;r u j[krk gks vkSj og
;g dgrk gks fd vkt fudywaxk dy fudywaxk rks rd+jhcu ,d ekg ds
vanj rd d+lz uekt+ i<+++sA fQj mlds ckn iwjh uekt+ i<+++sA vkil-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd eqlkfQj dks yk;d+ ugha gS fd og fdlh eqd+he dks uekt+
i<+++k;s vkSj u eqd+he ds ihNs uekt+ i<++sA vxj ,slk djs fd eqd+hehu dks
beker ls uekt+ i<+k;s rks nkss jdkvr uekt+ i<++us ds ckn lyke Qsj ns
vkSj fQj eqd+hehu ls dgs fd og iwjh uekt+ i<++ ys vkSj vxj fdlh
eqd+he ds ihNs uekt+ i<++s rks nks jdkvr i<++dj lyke Qsj nsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj lQj dh gkyr esa
dksbZ uekt+ Hkwy tk;sA fQj mldks gt+j ¼?kj½ esa ;kn vk;s rks eqlkfQj
dh rjg d+lz djds d+t+k uekt+ i<++s vkSj gt+j esa uekt+ Hkwy tk;s vkSj
lQj esa ;kn vk;s rks iwjh uekt+ d+t+k i<++sA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj
tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- ls fjok;r gS fd eqlkfQj dks u¶y uekt+ i<++us dh
:[klr gS fd og vius cks> mBkus okys tkuoj ;k vius ÅaV ij b'kkjs
ls uekt+ i<++s pkgs og fd+Cyk dh rjQ gks ;k fdlh vkSj flEr gks tc
ltns esa tk;s rks :dw ls T+;knk lj dks >qdk;s vkSj tc Qt+Z uekt+ dk
oD+r gks rks fd+Cyk : gksdj t+ehu ij uekt+ i<++sA voke dk Hkh mlh ij
vey gS] og m+lds lcwr esa ;g vk;r is'k djrs gS fd %
ßQ ,uek rqoYyq QlEe% otgqYykfg ¼1&2@115½ ßcl tgka dgha fd+Cyk
dh rjQ :[k djks ogha [kqnk dk lkeuk gSÞA ;g vk;r lokjh ij u¶y
uekt+ i<+us ds flyflys esa mrjh gS og ftl flEr dks Hkh tk;s u¶y
307
uekt+ i<++h tk ldrh gSA
vgyscSrv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l fd'rh esa uekt+
i<++rk gks vkSj fd'rh pDdj [kkrh gks rks rdchjrqy ,sgjke ds oD+r
fd+Cyk : gksus dk d+Ln ¼bjknk½ djs vxj fd'rh ?kwerh jgs rks mlds
lkFk&lkFk og Hkh ftruk eqefdu gks lds ?kwes vxj [kM+k u jg lds rks
cSB dj uekt+ i<++s vkSj vxj pkgs rks rkjdksy ij ltnk djsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius euk Qjek;k gS fd
dksbZ 'k[l vke jkLrs ij uekt+ u i<++sA vius ikuh dh rg esa ¼Mqcd+h
yxkus okys½ vkSj x+jhd+ ¼M+wcus okyk½ ds ckjs esa Qjek;k gS fd nksuks b'kkjss
ls uekt+ i<++s blh rjg vxj uaxs 'k[l dks diM++k u feys rks cSBdj
b'kkjs ls uekt+ i<++sA
chekj dh uekt+ dk c;kuchekj dh uekt+ dk c;kuchekj dh uekt+ dk c;kuchekj dh uekt+ dk c;kuchekj dh uekt+ dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck, fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyh eqrZtkv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls chekj ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k fd og fdl rjg ls
uekt+ i<++s vkius Qjek;k fd og [kM++s gksdj uekt+ i<++s vkSj vxj rkd+r
u gks rks fQj og cSBdj uekt+ i<++sA vt+Z fd;k x;k fd , jlwys [kqnklvo-
dc og cSBdj uekt+ i<++s\ vkius Qjek;k fd tc og [kM++k gksdj lwjv%
Qkrsgk vkSj rhu vk;rsas Hkh u i<++ lds vkSj vxj ltnk u dj lds rks
vius lj ls b'kkjk djds uekt+ i<++s vkSj lqtwn dk b'kkjk #dq ds
eqd+kfcy esa T+;knk >qdk gqvk gks vkSj vxj cSBdj u i<++ lds rks nkfgus
ckt+w ij ysVdj uekt+ i<++s bl rjg fd mldk psgjk fd+Cyk dh rjQ gks]
vxj mldh Hkh bfLrrkvr ¼rkd+r½ u gks rks fpÙk ysVdj uekt+ i<++s ml
gky esa fd mlds nksuks iSj fd+Cyk dh tkfuc gks vkSj og b'kkjk djsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj fdlh dh udlhj
py iM++s vkSj og can u gksrh gks rks og b'kkjs ls uekt+ i<++sA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd ejht+ tc T+;knk chekj gks vkSj pan
fnuks rd uekt+ i<++uk NksM++ ns rks tc m+ldks uekt+ i<++us dh bfLrrkvr
gks ml oD+r tks uekt+s NksM++h gS mudk bvknk djsA vkils ,sls 'k[l ds
308
eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k ftlus engks'kh dh gkyr esa uekt+ i<++h gS vkius
Qjek;k fd og fQj ls uekt+ i<++sA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd cSBdj uekt+ i<++us
okyk d+;ke dh lwjr esa ikyrh ekjdj cSBs vkSj gkyrs #dq o lqtwn o
tqywl esa vxj mlls gks lds rks vius nksuksa iSjksa dks nksgjk djsA vkius
Qjek;k fd ejht+ ds fy;s Qt+Z uekt+ esa flQZ lwjv% Qkrsgk i<++uk dkQh
gS vkSj #dq o lqtwn esa ,d gh erZck rLchg djuk dkQh gSA vkius
Qjek;k fd csgks'k vkneh dks tc gks'k vk;s rks ftruh uekt+s QkSr gqbZ
gks mudks d+t+k i<++sA
lykrqy [kkSQ dk c;kulykrqy [kkSQ dk c;kulykrqy [kkSQ dk c;kulykrqy [kkSQ dk c;kulykrqy [kkSQ dk c;ku
[kqnk oUns rvkyk us dqjvkus gdhe esa lykrqy [kkSQ d+lz i<++us
dk ft+Ø Qjek;k vkSj mldh dSfQ;r Hkh blesa c;ku dj nh gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls lykrqy [kkSQ vkSj lykrqy lQj ds eqrkfYyd+
iwNk x;k fd D;k ;g nksuksa uekt+sa d+lz i<++h tk;s ? vkius Qjek;k fd
nksuksa gkyr esa d+lz uekt+ i<++uk pkfg;s vkSj lykrqy lQj ls T+;knk
t:jh gS fd lykrqy [kkSQ dks d+lz i<++k tk;s D;ksafd lQj dh uekt+ esa
fdlh fd+Le dk [kkSQ njis'k ugha gksrkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck, fdjkev-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us
x+t+ok&t+krqy&#d+kv esa lykrqy [kkSQ i<++kbZ Fkh og bl rjg fd
vkilv-o- us vius vlgkcs fdjke dks nks VqdfM++;ksa esa ckaV fn;k] ,d VqdM++h
dks vkius nq'euksa ds lkeus [kM++k dj fn;k vkSj nwljh VqdM++h dks vius
ihNs j[kk vkil-v-o- us rdchj dgh rks vlgkc us Hkh rdchj dgh vkSj
vkil-v-o- us fd+jkvr 'kq: dh rks og [kkeks'k [kM++s jgsA vkil-v-o- us #dw
fd;k] rks mUgksusa Hkh #dw fd;k vkSj vkil-v-o- us ltnk fd;k rks mUgksus
Hkh ltnk fd;k] mlds ckn vkil-v-o- [kM++s gks x;s vkSj tks yksx vkids
ihNs Fks mUgksus nwljh jdkvr uekt+ i<++ yh vkSj uekt+ i<++ dj pys x;s
vkSj mu vlgkc dh txg ij tk igqaps tks nq'eu ds eqd+kfcy esa [kM++s Fks
vkSj og jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ds ihNs vkdj [kM++s gks x;sA vkil-v-o- us rdchj
309
dgh rks mUgkus Hkh rdchj dgh vkSj tc gqT+kwjl-v-o- us fdjkvr i<++h rks og
[kkeks'k [kM++s lqurs jgs tc #dw fd;k rks vlgkc us Hkh #dw fd;k vkSj
tc vkius ltnk fd;k rks mUgksusa Hkh ltnk fd;k fQj vki gt+jrl-vo-
us cSBdj r'kkgqn i<++k rks og vkids lkFk cSBs fQj vkil-v-o- us lyke Qsjk
rks og [kM++s gks x;s vkSj nwljh jdkvr uekt+ i<++h vkSj lyke QsjkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us lykrqy [kkSQ dh dSfQ;r bl rjg
ls c;ku dh fd vxj ex+fjc ds oD+r lykrqy [kkSQ beke i<++k;s rks
igys fxjksg dks ,d jdkvr i<++k;s vkSj nwljs fxjksg dks nks jdkvrA
rkfd gj ,d VqdM++h dks fdjkvr fey tk;sA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls iwNk x;k
fd ,sls l[r [kkSQ ds ed+ke vkSj rSxt+uh ds ekSds ij D;k fd;k tk;s
tgka #dqv o lqtwn dk Hkh bEdku u gks vkius Qjek;k fd viuh lokfj;ksa
ij ;k vius dneksa ij [kM++s jgdj b'kkjs ls uekt+ i<++uk pkfg;sA
vkius ;g vk;rs&djhek frykor QjekbZ %
ßQbu f[kQrqe Q fjtkyu vo #dckuk ¼2&2@239½Þ fQj vxj rqe
[kkSQ dh gkyr esa gks vkSj iwjh uekt+ u i<++ ldks rks lokj ;k iSny ftl
rjg cu iM++s i<++ yksAß vkSj vxj b'kkjs dk Hkh bEdku u gks rks gj
jdkvr dh txg ij ,d rdchjk cksyksA
lykrqy dqlwQ ¼xzg.k dh uekt+½ dk c;kulykrqy dqlwQ ¼xzg.k dh uekt+½ dk c;kulykrqy dqlwQ ¼xzg.k dh uekt+½ dk c;kulykrqy dqlwQ ¼xzg.k dh uekt+½ dk c;kulykrqy dqlwQ ¼xzg.k dh uekt+½ dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jv-l-
vkids vkck, fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyh eqrZtkv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkiuss
Qjek;k fd& ,d erZck ,sgns fjlkyr esa pkan dks xzg.k yx x;k +ml
oD+r vki ds ikl ftczbZyv-l- ekStwn Fks vki gt+jrl-v-o- us ftczbZyv-l- ls
iwNk fd ;g D;k ckr gS\ ftczbZyv-l- us Qjek;k fd ;g pkan rqe lc ls
T+;knk [kqnk dk eqrhv o Qjekacjnkj gSA mlus dHkh Hkh tc ls og iSnk
gqvk gS vius jc dh ukQjekuh ugha dh gS ;g rks egt+ ,d bcjr vkSj
fu'kkuh gS vki gt+jrlv-o- us dgk fd tc ,slk gks rks D;k vey djuk
pkfg;sA ftczbZyv-l- us dgk fd uekt+ vkSj frykors dqjvku esa e'kxwy
jguk pkfg;sA
310
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc dHkh lwjt vkSj pkan
dks xzg.k yxrk gS rks jlwyqYykgl-v-o- yksxks ls Qjekrs fd tYnh ls
efLtnksa dh rjQ tkvksA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenl-v-o- Qjekrs gS fd lwjt
;k pkan ds xzg.k yxus ds oD+r ;k [+kqnkbZ vk;rksa ¼fu”kkfu;ksa½ ds t+qgwj ds
oD+r lykrqy dqlwQ ,d gh fd+Le dh gS cl lykrqy dqlwQ nl
jdkvr vkSj pkj ltnksa ij eq'rfey gSA
rdchjrqy ,gjke ls uekt+ 'kq: djsA mlesa lwjv% Qkfrgk vkSj
cqyUn vkokt+ ls dksbZ rohy lwjv% i<++sA mlds ckn #dqv djs vkSj ftl
d+nz fd+jkvr ds oD+r Bgjk Fkk mlh d+nz #dqv esa #dk jgsA fQj lj
mBk dj vYykgks vdcj dgs mlh rjg fQj lwjv% Qkrsgk vkSj dksbZ
rohy lwjv i<++s tc fd+jkvr ls Qkfjx+ gks rks nqvk,s dquwr i<++dj
rdchjk dgs vkSj fQj nwljs #dqv esa tk;s vkSj fd+jkvr esa ftruh nsj
rd Fkk mruh nsj rd #dqv esa Bgjk jgs mlds ckn lj mBkrs gq,
vYykgks vdcj dgs fQj lqjv% Qkfrgk vkSj dksbZ rohy lwjv% i<++s vkSj
rdchjk ¼vYykgks vdcj½ dgdj & rhljk #dqv esa bruh nsj djs ftl
d+nz fd+jkvr esa nsj dh Fkh] fQj #dqv ls flj mBk;s vkSj vYykgks vdcj
dgs fQj lwjv% Qkfrgk vkSj dksbZ rohy lwjv% i<+sA tc mlls Qkfjx+ gks
tk;s rks nqvk, dquwr i<++s vkSj rdchjk cksydj pkSFks #dqv esa tk;s vkSj
fd+jkvr ds eqrkfcd+ #dqv esa [kM++k jgsA fQj lj mBk;s vkSj vYykgks
vdcj dgs vkSj lwjv% Qkrsgk ds lkFk dksbZ yEch lwjv% i<++s tc mlls
Qkfjx+ gks tk;s rks rdchjk dgs vkSj ikapok #dqv djssa fd+jkvr ds
eqrkfcd+ #dqv esa jgsA tc lj mBk;s rks lesv vYykg fyeu gfenk
dgsA m+lds ckn rdchjk dgdj ltns esa tk;s vkSj ltns esa fd+jkvr ds
eqrkfcd+ :dk jgsA m+lds ckn rdchjk cksydj lj mBk;s vkSj nks ltns
ds njfe;ku FkksM++h nsj cSBdj nqvk djs m+lds ckn rdchjk cksy dj
nwljk ltnk djsA vkSj fd+jkvr ds eqrkfcd+ ltns esa Bgjs mlds ckn
rdchjk cksydj mB tk;s mlh rjg nwljh jdkvr i<++s mles ikap ckj
#dqv djs vkSj ltnk djs vkSj ,d ckj rohy r'kgqn i<++s fQj lyke
Qsj ns vkSj nqvk, dquwr rks gj nks jdkvr ds ckn nwljs pkSFks NBs vkBosa
nlos #dqv esa t:j i<++s vkSj lesv vYykg fyeu gfenk mlh jdkvr
esa i<++s ftlds ckn og ltnk djus okyk gS vkSj mlds flok tSlk fd
geus ft+dz fd;k gS flQZ rdchjk cksyrk jgs cl ;g beke
311
tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- dk b'kkZn gS geus cgqr lh fjok;r dks egt+ bf[rlkj
ds [;ky ls de dj fn;k gS vxj lykrqy dqlwQ esa yEch lwjv% rjrhy
ds lkFk i<++h tk;s rks ;g cgqr mEnk ckr gS vxj rjrhy ds cx+Sj Hkh
lwjv% i<++h tk;s rks cgqr dkQh gSA vkSj vxj lwjv% elkuh ;k mlls Hkh
NksVh lwjv% i<++s rks Hkh dkQh gS lqjv% elkuh lqjv% cØ ls ysdj lqjv%
cjkvr rd gSA lykrqy dqlwQ esa vt+ku vkSj bd+ker ugha gSA ysfdu
lykrqy tkfevk dgdj yksxksa dks cqykuk pkfg;sA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us ,d erZck lykrqy dqlwQ esa ,d
lwjrqy elkuh esa ls fQj lwjg&,&dgQ lwjv :e lwjv ;klhu o lwjv
o''kEl i<++h Fkh blesa dksbZ lwjv% e[lwl ugha gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd
lykrqy dqlwQ esa lwjrksa ds vanj rcbZt+ dh :[klr gS ;kfu FkksM++h lwjv%
i<++dj #dqv djs fQj tgka ls NksM++k gS ogka ls 'kq: djsA vxj lykrqy
dqlwQ esa fdlh lwjv% dks rcbZt+ ds lkFk i<++rk gS rks fQj igyh jdkvr
esa lwjv% Qkfrgk i<++sA ysfdu gj jdkvr esa ,d lwjv% i<++uk vQt+y gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us ,d erZck lykrqy dqlwQ i<++us
ds ckn dqlwQ ¼xzg.k½ [kRe gksus ls igys vius eqlYys ij cSBs jgs vkSj
nqvk o ft+Øs bykgh esa el:Q gks x;s mlh rjg nwljs yksx Hkh cSBdj
nqvk djrs jgs ;gka rd fd xzg.k [kRe gks x;kA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l lykrqy
dqlwQ i<++ jgk gks vkSj Qt+Z uekt+ dk oD+r gks tk;s rks og e'kxwy jgs
;gka rd fd Qt+Z uekt+ dk vkf[kjh oD+r gks tk;s ysfdu vxj uekt+
QkSr gksus dk vans'kk gks rks lykrqy dqlwQ d+rv dj ns vkSj Qt+Z uekt+
i<++s mlh rjg ls vxj Qt+Z uekt+ ds oD+r esa lwjt ;k pkan dk xzg.k yx
tk;s rks lykrqy dqlwQ ls igys Qt+Z uekt+ i<++sA
vkils iwNk x;k fd vxj dqlwQ vlz ds ckn ;k fdlh ,sls oD+r
esa gks ftles uekt+ i<++uk ed:g gS rks D;k fd;k tk;s\ vkius Qjek;k
fd tc Hkh xzg.k yxs lykrqy dqlwQ i<++uk pkfg;sA
vkils iwNk x;k fd dqN yksx lQj dh gkyr esa gks vkSj xzg.k
yx x;k ysfdu mUgksus uekt+ ugha i<++h rks vkius Qjek;k fd mudks
lykrqy dqlwQ i<++uh pkfg;s Fkh vkius Qjek;k fd lwjt ;k pkan dks
312
xzg.k yx tk;s rks nksuks dh uekt+ ,d gh gS ysfdu lwjt dks xzg.k yx
tk;s rks mldh uekt+ dks nsj rd i<++uk pkfg;sA vkius Qjek;k fd
t+yt+yk] rst+ vka/kh o l[r rkjhdh Nk tk;s rks ml oD+r lykrqy
dqlwQ i<++uk pkfg;sA vkils iwNk x;k fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l lks x;k gks
;k mldks xzg.k dh bfRrykv u gks ;k xzg.k ds oD+r e'kX+k+wfy;r ds lcc
uekt+ u i<++ ldk gks rks D;k og d+t+k uekt+ i<++s \ vkius Qjek;k fd
mlesa d+t+k i<++uk okftc ugha gSA ;g uekt+ rks mlh oD+r i<++uk pkfg;s
tc xzg.k yxs vkSj [kRe gks tk;s rks fQj dksbZ uekt+ okftc ugha gS
vkils iwNk x;k fd lykrqy dqlwQ dgka i<++uk pkfg;sA vkius Qjek;k
fd eSnku esa i<++uk T+;knk vPNk gS rkfd xzg.k ds eqrkfcd+ eqlYyh uekt+
i<++ ldsA lqUur rks ;g gS fd vxj lykrqy dqlwQ c&tekvr i<++uk
gksrks efLtn esa i<++uk pkfg;sA
lykrqy bfLrLd+kvlykrqy bfLrLd+kvlykrqy bfLrLd+kvlykrqy bfLrLd+kvlykrqy bfLrLd+kv
[+kqnk oUns rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
ßo bft+&LrLd+kv ewlk fy d+kSfeghÞ 1&2@60 vkSj og oD+r ;kn djks
tc ewlk us viuh d+kSe ds okLrs ikuh ekaxk FkkA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl-
vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj vkids vkck, fdjkev-l-
ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck jlwys[kqnkl-v-o- bZnxkg dh rjQ uekt+
bfLrLd+kv ds fy;s r'kjhQ ys x;s FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
[kqys eSnku esa gh bfLrLd+kv dh uekt+ i<+uh pkfg;s beke fugk;r odkj
vkSj [kq'kqv vkSj lokyh cudj fudys vkSj yksx Hkh mlds gejkg gksA
beke muds fy;s ikuh ryc djsA
vkius Qjek;k fd bfLrLd+kv dh uekt+ bZnSu dh rjg gSA beke
nks jdkvr uekt+ i<++s tSls bZn dh uekt+ esa rdchjs cksyh tkrh gS mlh
rjg blesa Hkh rdchjs cksys vkSj mlds ckn feEcj ij p<++s tc ml ij
reDdqu ds lkFk cSB tk;s rks FkksM++h nsj cSBus ds ckn mBs vkSj viuh
313
pknj ds nkfgus fljs dks ck;sa rjQ vkSj ck;sa fljs dks nkfgus rjQ fQjk
ysA mlh rjg jlwyqYykgl-v-o- vkSj gt+jr vyh eqrZtkv-l- us fd;k Fkk vkSj
;gh lqUur gS mlds ckn cqyan vkokt+ ls vYykgks vdcj dgs vkSj gEn
o luk vkSj rLchg o nqvk esa e'kx+wy jgsA rLchg o rsgyhy o rdchj
bZnSu dh uekt+ dh rjg djrs jgsa vkSj [+kqnk ls mlds canks ds fy;s ikuh
ekaxs vkSj dqN rdchjk fd+Cyk dh rjQ eqag djds dgs fQj nkfgus o ck;sa
rjQ eqag Qsjs vkSj [kqRck ns yksxksa dks okvt+ o gEn lquk;sA
vkius Qjek;k fd lkseokj ds fnu bfLrLd+kv ds fy;s ckgj
fudyuk eqLrfgc gSA yksx ckgj fudys vkSj feEcj Hkh ckgj ys tkuk
pkfg;s tSlk fd bZnSu ds ekSds+ ij fd;k tkrk gS lykrqy bfLrLd+kv esa
vt+ku o bd+ker ugha gSA
orz vkSj Qtz dh nks jdkvr uekt+ vkSj dquwr dkorz vkSj Qtz dh nks jdkvr uekt+ vkSj dquwr dkorz vkSj Qtz dh nks jdkvr uekt+ vkSj dquwr dkorz vkSj Qtz dh nks jdkvr uekt+ vkSj dquwr dkorz vkSj Qtz dh nks jdkvr uekt+ vkSj dquwr dk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- o vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jv+l
+ vkSj vkck, fdjkev-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us uekt+ orz i<++us
dk gqDe fn;k gS veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- orz ds flyflys esa l[rh ls is'k
vkrs Fks vkSj fdlh dks mls rdZ djus dh :[klr u nsrs FksA vki Qjekrs
Fks fd lqcg gks xbZ vkSj fdlh us orz dh uekt+ u i<++h gks ;kfu QkSr gks
xbZ gks rks tc lqcg gks mldks d+t+k i<++uh pkfg;sA beke ckfd+jv-l- us
egfey ¼Å¡V dk dtkok½ ds vanj orz dh uekt+ i<++us dh #[lr nh gSA
veh#y eqvfeuhuv+l + us lQj o eqd+he nksuksa gkyr esa Qtz+ dh nks
jdkvr uekt+ i<++us dk gqDe fn;k gS vkius Qjek;k fd& ßo vnck:y
uqtweÞ ;kfu flrkjksa ds M+wc tkus ds ckn mlls nks jdkvr uekt+s&Qtz
eqjkn gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls vk;rs djhek %
o dqjvkuy Qtzs +bUu% dqjvkuy Qt+zs dku% e'kgwnk0 15&17@78 ds
eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd Qtz ds d+Cy tks nks jdkvr
314
uekt+ i<+h tkrh gS mlls eqjkn gS geus jlwys[+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r uD+y
dh gS fd tc vki vkSj vkids vlgkc ¼,d oknh esa½ lks x;s Fks vkSj Qtz
dh uekt+ u i<++ lds rks vkius ml oD+r igys nks jdkvr uekt+ i<++h
fQj vkius Qtz dh uekt+ i<++hA bl rjg vkius nksuks QkSr 'kqnk uekt+ks
dks d+t+k i<++k FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkiv-l- ds finj cqtqxZokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd
vkius Qjek;k fd vxj fdlh ls Qtz dh nks jdkvr uekt+ ¼lqUur½
QkSr gks xbZ gks rks ml ij d+t+k okftc ugh] mlls ekyqe gksrk gS fd
jlwys[kqnkl-v-o- us tks nks jdkvr uekt+ d+t+k i<++h Fkh og oD+r QkSr gksus
dh otg ls i<++h FkhA mlh rjg tSls fd vkil-v-o- lqUur dks d+t+k i<++rs
Fks vkSj ;g nks jdkvr Qtz dh lqUur uekt+ gSA mu nks jdkvrks dks
Hkqyus ;k NksM++us okys ij D;k okftc gS mldk ge vud+jhc c;ku djasxsA
;g okftc o ykft+e Qtz dh rjg ugh gSA vycRrk bruk t+:j gS fd
mudks d+lnu uk NksM++uk pkfg;s tSlk fd geus uekt+ dh lqUurks ds
NksM++us ds ckjs esa c;ku fd;k gSA ;kfu fd+jkvr vkSj #dqv o lqtwn dh
rLchg ox+SjgA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd vk;rs djhek
o feuy ySfy Q lfCcggks o bnCkkju uqtwe ¼27&52@49½Þ ls jkr ds
vkf[kjh fgLls esa orz dh uekt+ i<++us ls eqjkn gSA
vkils ,d 'k[l ds eqrfYyd+ iqNk x;k fd tks vkids uSd
eqfgCcks esa ls Fks mUgksus vkidh f[kner esa ;g f'kdk;r dh fd mu ij
uhan dk x+Yck gks tk;k djrk gSA og dgrs gS fd eSa jkr esa lykrqy ySy
i<++us ds fy;s mBus dk bZjknk j[krk gq¡ rks eq> ij uhan dk bruk x+Yck
rkjh gks tkrk gS fd eSa lqcg rd lksrk jgrk gqaA bl otg ls vdlj
,slk gksrk gS fd eSa lykrqy ySy eqlyly fnu esa jkst+ d+t+k i<+rk gq¡A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- us Qjek;k fd d+le [+kqnk fd ;g mlds fy;s
vka[k dh BaM+d gS vkius mldks jkr ds 'kq: fgLls esa orz i<+us dh
:[klr ugh nh vkSj Qjek;k fd orz dh uekt+ Qtz ls igys i<+uh
315
pkfg;s orz dh uekt+ i<+us dk ;gh ejX+kwc vkSj ilanhnk oD+r gS vkSj orz
lykrqy ySy ds ckn i<++h tkrh gSA ge vud+jhc lykrqy ySy ds oD+r
ds eqrkfYyd+ c;ku djasxsA ejX+kwc ;g gS fd tc lksdj jkr ds vkf[kjh
fgLls esa mBk tk;s rks ml oD+r orz dh uekt+ i<++uk pkfg;s D;kasfd
mldk lokc e'kD+d+r ds eqrkfcd+ gh gkfly gksrk gSA geus mldk ft+dz
bl ckc esa dj fn;k gS ftlesa vkSd+kr dh :[klr dk c;ku gS fd orz
b”kk dh uekt+ ds ckn jkr ds igys fgLls esa i<++us dh :[klr gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls vk;rs djhek o''kQ,s s s s s oy orzs s s s s ds
eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd o''kQ,s nks jdkvr gS vkSj
orz ,d jdkvr gS ftlesa nqvk&,&d+quwr i<++h tkrh gSA vkius Qjek;k
fd ;g nks jdvrsa i<++us ds ckn lyke Qsjs vkSj vxj pkgs rks t+:jr ds
eqrkfcd ckrphr dj ldrk gS mlds ckn ,d jdkvr orz dh uekt+ i<++s
:dq ds ckn nqvk d+quwr i<++s] fQj cSB dj r'kkgqn i<++s vkSj lyke Qsjs
mlds ckn nks jdkvr tqywl dh uekt+ i<++s] mlds ckn rqyqv Qtz rd
dksbZ uekt+ u i<++s tc Qtz rqyq gks tk;s rks Qtz dh nks jdkvr lqUur
i<++sA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- orz dh igyh jdkvr esa lCcsg bZLe,
jfCcdyvkyk vkSj nwljh jdkvr esa dqy ;k v¸;ksgy dkfQ:u i<+rs FksA
vkSj rhljh jdkvr ftlesa nqvk d+quwr i<++h tkrh gS mlesa vki lqjv%
Qkrsgk ds ckn dqy gq oYYkkgks vgn i<++rs FksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd Qtz dh nks jdkvr esa lqjv%
Qkfrgk ds ckn dqy ;k v¸;ksgy dkfQ:u vkSj dqy gqoYYkkgks vgn
i<++uk pkfg;sA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- orz esa #dqv ds ckn nqvk, d+quwr
i<++us ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs gS fd rqe vius nksuks gkFkks dks mij mBkvks
vkSj mudks vius eqag ds eqd+kfcy [kqyk j[kks fQj nqvk, dquwr i<++ksA
vgys cSr fdjke ls cgqr lh nqvk,a eudwy gS mlesa dksbZ nqvk
e[klwl ugh gSA vgys cSr ls tks nqvk eudqy gS og T;knk csgrj gS vkSj
og ;g nqvk gS %
316
vYykgqEek bUud% rjk oyk rqjk ok vUr% fcy eUt+fjy vkvyk o bySd%
:fQvfry vclkjks o uqfd+yfry vd+nkeks o eqn~nfry vvukd+ks o
cqflrfry ,snh o nqbZr% fcy vy lqfu o rqgw fde% bySd% fcy vvekfy
Q;keu bySfgy ,snh cqflrr o ;k eu bysfgy dqywcks d+lnr o ;k eu
bySfgy vclkjks [k'kvr o ;k eu bysfgj fjdkcks [kt+vr u'kdw bySd%
f'kn~nrt+ t+ekfu o rt+kgq:y vvnk, o fd+Yyry vn~fn o[kfrykfQy
dqywfc o u'kdqjks bySdu usver% fc oyhf;~;uk o bekfeuk o uchf;uk
(bekes t+ekuk dk uke fy;k tk;s) o gknhuk bySd% oÌyhy% yuk vysd%
o ulvyksd% vu rqlfYy;% vysfg o vyk vkckbgh o vu rqo;~;sngw
317
fculfju o rqbT+T+kks fcgh nhusd% o rulqjks fcgh vkSfy;kvd% oteb
vYykgqEey dqywc% vyk rkvfrd% o rkvfrgh oRrn¸;qfu fcbekefrgh
oulqjgks vyk vvnkbfgy ekfjd+hu ;k bykgy [k+yd+s ;k jCcy vkyehu
vYykgqEEk% lfCcry ;d+hfu Qh d+Ych o ft+nuh gqnu o uwju o ex+fQjru
ogfnuh byk fljkfrdy eqLrd+he vkehu vkehu o vlvyksd% ;k jCcs
fQn~nqfu;k gluru o fQy vkf[kjrs gluru o vl vyksd% vurfd+&;uh
vt+kcu ukjA
rtZqek%& ckjs bykgk! rq lc dqN ns[k jgk gS exj [kqn ut+j ugh vkrk
vkSj rq eatj vkvyk ij gSA ckjs bykgk! fuxkgs rsjh rjQ mBh gqbZ gS vkSj
d+ne rsjh rjQ c<++ jgs gS vkSj xnZus rsjh rjQ njkt+ dh xbZ gS vkSj gkFk
[kqys gq, gSA vkSj t+qckuksa ls rsjh ckjxkg esa nqvk ekaxh tk jgh gS vkSj
vkeky dk QSlyk rsjh ckjxkg ls erywc gSA il , oks t+kr&,&ikd
ftldh ckjxkg esa gkFk QSyk;s x;s gS vkSj og t+kr ftldh rjQ fny
:tqv gq, gS vkSj fuxkgks esa [kq'kqv vkSj xjnuks us [kqtq+v fd;k gSA ge
rsjs njckj esa t+ekus dh l[rh dh vkSj nq'euks ds rxYyqc vkSj gekjh
rknkn dh deh dh vkSj fnyks ds bf[rykQkr dh f'kdk;r ysdj vk;s
gS vkSj rqus gekjs beke vkSj gekjs oyh vkSj gekjs iSXecjl-v-o- ds Qjtan
gekjs gknh ¼bekeeqt+eku dk uke fy;k tk;s½ ds t+jh;s ge ij tks dje
Qjek;k gS mldk ge 'kqfØ;k vnk djrs gSA vkSj ge rq>ls ;g loky
djrs gS fd rq mu ij vkSj muds vkck&,&fdjke ij nq:n Hkst vkSj rq
mudh ml uqljr o enn ls rkbZn Qjek ftlls rq vius nhu dks bT+t+r
c['krk gS vkSj ftlls rq vius vkSfy;k dh enn djrk gSA ckjs bykgk!
rq fnyks dks viuh vkSj bekeqt+t+ekuv-l- dh brkvr vkSj mudh beker
ds ,frd+kn ij eqRrgn dj ns vkSj bekeqt+t+eku dks muds nq'euks ij
x+kfyc Qjek tks nhu ls fudy x;s gSA ,s [kykbd+ ds [kqnk! ,s nksuks
tgka ds ijojfnxkj ckjs bykgk! rq ;d+hu dks esjs fny esa tek ns vkSj esjh
fgnk;r vkSj esjh uwjs ekvfjQr dks T+;knk dj ns vkSj vius fljkrs
eqfLrd+he dh rjQ esjh jsguqekbZ djrk jgA vkehu lqEek vkehuA
,s ijojfnxkjs vkye eSa nqfu;k o vkf[kjr esa rw>ls usdh dk
loky djrk gqa vkSj ;g loky djrk gq¡ fd rq eq>s vt+kc , tgUue ls
cpk ysA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gs fd Qtz dh uekt+ esa nqvk,
318
d+quwr nqljh jdkvr esa fd+jkvr ds ckn :dq ls d+Cy i<++uk pkfg;sA
vgys cSr fdjke ls c&dljr nqvk , dquwr ejoh gS ysfdu ;g nqvk
lcls csgrj gSA ;q rks lHkh nqvk, csgrj gSA
vYykgqEe% bUuk ulrbuqd% o ulrxfQ#d% o uqvfeuks fcd% o u
rOodyks vySd% o uqluh vySdy [kSj% oyk udQq#d% o u[k'kvks yd%
o u[krfyvks feEeU; ;dQks#d% vYykgqEe% b;~;kd% uvcqnks o yd%
319
uqlYyh o ult+qnks o bySd% ulvk o ugQnks o ujtw jgerd% o u[k'kk
vt+kcd% bUu% vt+kcd% fcy dkfQjhu% eqygdqu vYykgqEe% vfT+t+fcy
dkfQjhu% oy equkfQd+hu% oy tkfgnhu% fy vkSfy;kbdy vbEefr feu
vgys cSr uch;~f;dr rkfgjhu% o vuft+y vySfge fjt&t+d% o ckvld%
o xt+cd% o vt+kcd% vYykgqEe% vt+ft+c dQjr% vgfyy fdrkfc oy
eq'kfjdhu% vYykgqEex+fQj fyyeqvfeuhu% oy eqvfeukfr o vfLyg ;k
jCcs t+kr% csfufge o vyfyQ dfyergqe o lfCcr Qh dqywfcfgfey
bzZeku% oy fgder% o lfCcrgqe vyk feYyfr uch;~f;d% oulqjgqe vyk
vnqfOod% o vnqfOofge vYykgqEegfnuh Qh eu gnSr% o roYyuh Qh eu
roYySr% o ckfjdyh Qh ek vvrSr% o vkfQuh Qh eu vkQSr% o fd+uh
'kjj% ek d+t+Sr% bUud% rd+t+h oyk ;qd+t+k vySd% oyk ;ft+Yyks eu
okysr% oyk ;bT+t+ks eu vknSr% rckjdr% o rvkySr% yk bykg% bYyk
vUr% vLrxfQ#d% o vrwcks bySd% o vlvyksd% ;k jCcs fQn~nqfu;k
gluru o fQy vkf[kjfr gluru o vlvyksd% o vu rfd+;uk
fcjgefrd% vt+kcu ukjA
rtqZek % ckjs bykgk! ge rq>h ls uqljr o exfQjr ds rycxkj gaS vkSj
rsjs [kSj dh lrkb'k djrs gSA rsjk dqQj ugh djrs tcfd rsjs fy;s [kq'kwv
djrs gaS vkSj tks rsjk dqQj djrs gSa muls ge nwj jgrs gSa ckjs bykgk! ge
rsjh gh ijfLr'k djrs gSa vkSj rsjs gh fy;s uekt+ i<++rs gSa vkSj rq>h dks
ltnk djrs gaS vkSj rsjs gh njckj esa nkSM++ dj vkrs gSa vkSj rsjs gh
jgeksdje dh mEehn j[krs gaS] vkSj rsjs vt+kc ls Mjrs gaSA cs'kd rsjk
vt+kc dkfQjks dks igqapus okyk gS ckjs bykgk! rq dkfQjks] equkfQd+ks vkSj
rsjs vkSfy;k fdjke ;kfu vbEers vgys cSr ds equfdjks dks vt+kc esa
eqcfryk dj vkSj mu ij viuk xt+c vkSj vt+kc vkSj viuh l[rh
ukft+y QjekA ckjs bykgk! vgys fdrkc es ls ftrus dkfQj vkSj
eq'kfjd gS mudks vt+kc esa eqcfryk dj ijojfnxkj! eqvfeuhu vkSj
eqvfeukr ds xqukgksa dks evkQ dj ns vkSj muds njfe;ku lqyg vkSj
bfRrgkn ¼esy&tksy½ d+kbe dj vkSj mudks ckge eqRrfgn dj ns vkSj
muds fnyks esa bZeku o fgder dks d+kbe dj ns vkSj vius uch dh
feYyr ij lkfcr d+ne j[k vkSj vius vkSj muds nq'euks ds f[kykQ
eqvfeuhu dh enn QjekA ckjs bykgk! eq>s yksxks ds lkFk fgnk;r ns
ftudks fgnk;r ns pqdk gS vkSj eq>dks mu yksxks ds lkFk viuk nksLr
320
cuk ftudks rq viuk nksLr cuk pqdk gS vkSj rqus eq>s tks vrk fd;k gS
mlesa cjdr vrk dj vkSj rq ftl ckr dk QSlyk dj pqdk gsS mlds 'kj
ls eq>s esgQqt+ j[k cs'kd rqgh gj ckr dk QSlyk djrk gS vkSj rsjs
f[kykQ dksbZ QSlyk ugh fd;k tkrk gS ijojfnxkj ftlls rqus eksgCcr
fd;k og dHkh t+yhy u gksxk vkSj ftlls rqus vnkor dh og dHkh
ckbT+t+r u gksxkA ijojfnxkj rq cqyan vkSj ck&cjdr gSA rsjs flok vkSj
dksbZ ekvcwn ugh gSA eSa rq>ls ex+fQjr ryc djrk gqa vkSj rsjs ut+nhd
rkSck djrk gqa vkSj ,s ijojfnxkj nqfu;k o vkf[kjr esa uSdh dk loky
djrk gqa vkSj rq eq>s viuh jsger ls vt+kcs tgUuqe ls cpk ysA
vxj bu nksuksa nqvk, d+quwr esa ls dksbZ dqN de djuk pkgs rks
dj ldrk gS mlesa dksbZ gtZ ugh gS ysfdu de ls de nqvk, dquwr ;g
gS fd rhu erZck lqCgkuYykg vkSj rhu erZck vYykgks vdcj dgk tk;sA
vgys cSrv-l- ls tqeqvk dh uekt+ esa eq[rfyQ nqvk, d+quwr ejoh gSa
vkSj og lc nqvk, csgrj gSaA nwljh jdkvr esa lwjv% equkfQdwu i<++us ds ckn
:dqv ls igys ;g nqvk dquwr i<++uk pkfg;s %
yk bykg% bYyYykgks gyheqy djheks yk bykg% bYyYykgqy vyh;qy
vt+heks lqCgku% jfCcl lekokfrl lCkb oek QhfgUu% oek cSugqUu% o
321
jCcy vjt+hul lcb oek QhfgUu% oek cSugqUu% o jCcy vjf'ky vt+hfe
oy gEnks fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehu ;k vYykgqy yt+h ySl% d+fel&fygh
'kSmu lYys vyk eksgEefnu o vyk vkys eksgEefnu vbEefry eqvfeuhu%
vOofyfge o vkf[kfjfge o lfCcr d+Ych vyk nhfud% o nhus uch;f~;d%
o yk rqft+x d+Ych cvn% bt+ gnSruh o gcyh feu ynqud% jgeru
bUud% vUry ogkcqr rOokcqj jghe vYykgqEetvyuh fEkEeu [kyd+rgw
fy tUufrd% o[krjrgw fy nhfud% o lYys vyk eksgEefnu o vyk vkys
eksgEefnu o fcek vUr% vgyqgw o gqe fcd% vgyqgw lyokrqYykfg
vySfge vtebZu
rtqZek % ml vYykg ds flok dksbZ ekvcwn ugh gS tks lkfgcs fgYe
¼ujekbZ½ o dje gS cqyan o cM+rj vYykg ds flok dksbZ nqljk ekvcwn
ugh gS ikd gS lkr vklekuks dk jc vkSj mu reke pht+ks dk tks mu
vklekuks vkSj muds njfe;ku ekStwn gSa vkSj ikd gSa lkr t+ehuksa dk jc
vkSj mu reke pht+ks dk jc tks mu t+ehuks esa vkSj muds njfe;ku
ekStwn gS vkSj ikd gS v'kZ vt+he dk jc reke gEn o lrkb'k ml
vYykg ds fy;s gS tks reke vkye dk ijojfnxkj gS ftlds ekfuUn
dksbZ pht+ ugh gS ijojfnxkj rq eksgEenl-v-o- vkSj mu vkys eksgEenl-v-o-
ds vOoy o vkf[kj ij nq:n Hkst tks eqvfeuhu ds beke gaS vkSj vius
nhu ij vius uch ds nhu ij esjs fny dks lkfcr j[kA vkSj tcfd rqus
eq>s fgnk;r nh gS rks fQj esjs fny dks fgnk;r ls u QSj vkSj ijojfnxkj
viuh ckjxkg ls eq> ij jger dh ut+j dj fcyk 'kd rq cM++k c['kus
okyk vkSj rkSck d+cwy djus okyk jghe gSA ckjs bykgk! rq eq>s mu ykxks
es ls cuk ftudks rqus viuh tUur ds fy;s iSnk fd;k gS vkSj vius nhu
ds fy;s equrf[kc dj fy;k gSaA vkSj ijojfnxkj rq eksgEenlv+o vkSj vkys
eksgEenl-v +o + ij nq:n Hkst ftldk rq vgy gS vkSj og rsjs nq:n ds
vgy gSa [kqnk dh lyokr vbEek vkys eksgEEnl-v +o + ijA
lqUur vkSj u¶y uekt+ dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y uekt+ dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y uekt+ dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y uekt+ dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y uekt+ dk c;ku
lqUur uekt+ mldks dgrs gS ftldks jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- gj QtZ+
uekt+ ds lkFk ykft+eu i<++k djrs Fks vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- us Hkh bldks
322
vius fy;s ykft+e d+jkj ns fy;k Fkk vkSj og vius ekuus okyksa dks ml
ij ykft+e jgus dk gqDe djrs FksA lqUur uekt+ QtZ+ ls nqxuh gSa vkSj
u¶y uekt+ rks ;g rrOoksv gS vkSj rrOoqvkr dh dksbZ gn eqd+jZj ugh
gSA 'kc o jkst+ uekt+ ds vkSd+kr esa dksbZ 'k[l ftl rjg pkgs rrOoksv
uekt+ i<++ ldrk gS og u¶y uekt+ ftruh Hkh i<++sxk mlds eqrkfcd+ mls
vtz o lokc feysxkA
beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vki gj 'kc o jkst+ esa ,d
gt+kj jdkvr u¶y uekt+ i<++k djrs FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS ,d erZck vkius 'kc o jkst+
dh dqy lRrjkg ¼17½ jdkvr Qt+Z uekt+ dk rt+fdjk fd;k vkSj
Qjek;k fd lqUur QtZ+ ls nks xquh gS vkSj og blfy;s gS fd cans ls vxj
QtZ+ uekt+ esa Hkh dqN deh jg xbZ gks ;k Hkqy pqd gks xbZ gks rks mldh
d+lj iwjh gks tk;s vkSj nwljh otg ;g gS fd tc dksbZ eqlYYkh uekt+
i<++us ds fy;s mBrk gS rks uekt+ ds eqrkfYyd+ og ;g lksprk gS fd
uekt+ Qt+Z Hkh gS vkSj Qt+Z ds vykok Hkh gS rks og ml oD+r og reke
rj Qt+Z gh ds fy;s tn~nks tgn djrk gS cl vxj Qt+Z ds vykok uekt+
u gksrh rks Qt+Z uekt+ eas yksx dksrkgh vkSj csijokgh djrsA lqUur ds
vykok u¶y uekt+ i<++us dh flQZ rjx+hc nh xbZ gSA vki ls fdlh
lkby us lqUur uekt+ dh ckcr iqNk rks vkius lkby dks tokc fn;k fd
'kk;n rqe ;g le> cSBs gks fd lqUur uekt+ Qt+Z gS] lkby us vt+Z fd;k
eSa vki ij dqjcku tkÅ vkius tSlk Qjek;k gS ogh esjk [;ky FkkA
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEen us Qjek;k fd lquks beke ts+uqyvkfcnhuv +l + us bl
uekt+ dks blfy;s ykft+eu i<++rs Fks rkfd 'kc o jkst+ dh uekt+ esa tks
deh jg xbZ gks og iwjh gks tk;s vkSj lquks! lqUUr uekt+ Qt+Z ls nqxuh
gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vEekj lkckrh dh tkfuc
ls vki dks ;g [kcj igqaph ds vEekj us vki ds blukn ls ;g fjok;r
c;ku dh gS fd lqUur uekt+ QtZ+ gS il vkius ml ckr ls bUdkj fd;k
vkSj Qjek;k fd vEekj dgka pyk x;k eaSus mldks bl rjg ls gnhl
c;ku ugh dh Fkh eaSus rks mldks flQZ ;g dgk Fkk fd tc dksbZ eqlYyh
viuh uekt+ esa iwjh rjg e'kx+wy eqroTtk jgrk gS vkSj cvkt+ vkSd+kr
vk/kh uekt+ vkleku dh rjQ p<++rh gS ;k rhu fgLlk ;k pkj fgLlk ;k
323
ikapok fgLlk p<++rh gS pqukaps lqUur uekt+ i<++us dk gqDe egt+ blh fy;s
fn;k x;k gS fd QtZ+ uekt+ esa tks deh jg xbZ gks og lqUur ls iwjh gks
tk;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd eSa 'kc
o jkst+ eas bZD;kou ¼51½ jdkvr esa ls dqN Hkh de djuk ilan ugh djrk
gqa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd ;g fdl rjg ls gS vkius Qjek;k fd t+ksgj dh
uekt+ ls igys N% ¼6½ jdkvr lqUur uekt+ tks lykrqy t+oky vkSj
lykrqy vOokchu gS tc lwjt dk t+oky gks tk;s rks t+ksgj ds QtZ+ ls
igys i<++uk pkfg;s vkSj pkj jdkvr t+ksgj ds QtZ+ ds ckn vkSj pkj
jdkvr vlz ds Qt+Z ls igys i<++uk pkfg;s D;ksafd fQj x+q:cs vkQrkc
rd dksbZ uekt+ ugh gS vkSj ex+fjc dh uekt+ QtZ+ ls 'kq: dh tk;s
mlds ckn N% ¼6½ jdkvr lqUur i<++uk pkfg;s vkSj uekts+ b'kk ls igys
pkj jdkvr lqUur uekt+ i<++uk pkfg;s vkSj uekts+ b'kk dh Qt+Z ds ckn
pkj jdkvr lykrqy ySy ds ckn rhu jdkvr orz dh uekt+ i<++uk
pkfg;s vkSj mlds ckn nks jdkvr lykrqy tqywl i<++uk pkfg;sA tqywl
dh nks jdkvr ,d gh jdvr ds cjkcj gSA D;kasfd vkagt+jrl-v +o + ls
ejoh gS fd vkil-v +o + us Qjek;k gS fd cxSj fdlh lcc ds cSBdj uekt+
i<++h tk;s rks og [kM++s gksdj i<++us okys dh uekt+ ds eqd+kfcy esa vk/kh
uekt+ ds cjkcj gS vkSj fQj Qtz+ dh uekt+ ls igys nks jdkvr uekt+
i<+uh pkfg;sA il ;g dqy pkSrhl ¼34½ jdkvr uekt+s gqbZ tks QtZ+
uekt+ ls nks xquh gqbZ vkSj QtZ+ uekt+ lRrjkg ¼17½ jdkvr gS ;g reke
feydj 'kc o jkst+ esa dqy bDdkou ¼51½ jdkvr uekt+s gqbZ gSA
bu uekt+ksa esa beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ftuds ckjs esa rjx+hc
vkbZ gS og ;g gS vki lykrqt+ t+oky ;kfu t+ksgj dh uekt+ ls igys N%
¼6½ jdkvr lqUur ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k djrs Fks fd ;g lykrqy
vOokchu gS ;g ml oD+r i<++uh pkfg;s tc lqjt <+y tk;s vkSj rst+ gok
pyrh gks rks ml oD+r vkleku ds njokt+s [kqy tkrs gS vkSj nqvk ed+cwy
gksrh gS vkSj cM++h cM++h gktrsa iwjh gks tkrh gSA tc vki lykrqy t+oky
ls Qkfjx gks tkrs rks nksusk gkFk mBk dj ;g nqvk i<+rs Fks %
324
vYykgqEek bUuh vrdZ+jcks bySd% fctwfnd% odjfed% o vrd+j~jcks
bySd% fceksgEefnu vCnqd% o jlwfyd% o vrd+Zjcks bySd% fceyk,dfrd%
o vefc;kbd% o fcd% vYykgqEey x+uh;k vUuh o fc;y Qkd+rks bySd%
vUry xuh;~;ks o vuyQd+hjks bySd% vd+yruh vljrh o lrjr% vyk
t+quwch Qdft+&fy;y ;kSe% gktrh o yk rqvt+ft+cuh fc&d+chfg ek
rvyeks feUuh QbUu% vQod% otwnd% ;lmuh
fQj eqlYyh ltns es tk;s vkSj ;g nqvk i<++s %
;k vgyy rd+ok o ;k vgyy ex+fQjr% ;k cj~jks ;k jgheks vUr%
vcj~:ch feu vch o mEeh ou ukfl vtebZu Q&vd+fycfu;y ;kSe%
fc&d+t+k, gktrh eqlrtkcu nqvkbZ ejgweu lksrh o d+n dQQr%
vuokvy cyk, vUuh
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkils vYykg
rvkyk ds b'kkZn %
o vnckjl&lqtwn (26&51@40) rtqZek! vkSj uekt+ ds ckn Hkh mldh
rLchg fd;k djks fd eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd mlls
og lqUur eqjkn gS tks ex+fjc dh uekt+ ds ckn i<++h tkrh gSa lQj vkSj
325
eqd+he esa mldks rdZ u djuk pkfg;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk
dh ckjxkg esa eqxZ dh 'kDy dk ,d Qfj'rk gS ftlds iatsa t+ehu dh rg
esa gS vkSj mlds nksuksa ckT+kw gok esa gSa vkSj mldh xnZu v'kZ ds uhps eqM+h
gqbZ gS tc vk/kh jkr xqt+j tkrh gS rks og Qfj'krk viuh xnZu dks mij
mBk dj ;g nqvk i<+rk gS %
lqCcqgqu dqn~nqlqu jCcqy eyk,dfr oj:fg jCcquj jgekuks yk bykg%
x+S:gw fy;dqfey eqrgfTtnwu ml oD+r eqxZ ckax yxkrs gSa fQj og
Qfj'krs [kqnk dh ef'k;~;r ds eqrkfcd+ FkksM++h nsj ds fy;s [kkeks'k gks tkrs
gS fQj ;g nqqvk i<++rs gS %
lqCcqgqu dqn~nqlqu jCcqy eyk,dfr oj:fg jCcquj jgekuks yk bykg%
xS:gw fy;dqfey d+kfurwu fQj vYykg rvkyk dh ef'k;~;r ds eqrkfcd+
[kkeks'k jgrk gS fQj og ;g nqqvk i<++rk gS %
lqCcqgqu dqn~nqlqu jCcqy eyk,dfr oj:fg jCcquj jgekuks yk bykg%
xS:gw fy;dqfet+ t+kfd:u fQj rqyw Qtz ds ckn ;g dgrk gS %
jCcquj jgekuks yk bykg% x+S:gw fy;dqfey x+kfQywuA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc frgkbZ jkr
xqt+j tkrh gS rks ,d equknh ;g funk djrk gS %
;k ckfx;y [kSjs vd+fcy ;k rkfyc'k 'kj~js md+lqj gy feu rkbfcu
;qrkcks vySfg gy feu eqlrxfQfju ;qxQjks ygw gy feu lkbfyu
326
Q&;wvrkA
rtZqek % , [kSj ds pkgus okys vkxs vk vkSj , 'kj ds pkgus okys ihNs tkA
gs dksbZ rkSck djus okyk ftldh rkSck d+cwy dh tk;s gS dksbZ ex+fQjr
ryc djus okyk ftldks c['k fn;k tk;sA gs! dksbZ ekaxus okyk ftldks
fn;k tk;s \ bl rjg rqywv vkQrkc rd iqdkjrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd eSa ml
'k[l ls cqXkt+ j[krk gaq ftlus dqjvku i<+k fQj jkr esa mBk vkSj lks x;k
tc lqcg gqbZ rks mBdj tYnh tYnh uekt+ i<+hA vkius vk;rs djhek
%
o lfCcg fcgfEn jfCcd% ghu% rdwe 0 o feuy ySfy QlfCcggks o
bnckju&uqtwe 0 27&52@48&49
ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k fd bl vk;r esa vYykg rvkyk us vkagt+jrl-v-o-
dks jkr esa mB dj uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe fn;k gSA vkSj vkius
o feuy ySfy Qltqn ygq o lfCcggks ySyu rohyk 29&76@26 ds
eqrkfcd+ Qjek;k fd vYykg rkvkyk us bl vk;r esa Hkh vkagt+jrl-v-o-
dks ;g gqDe fn;k gS fd vki jkr esa mBdj uekt+ i<+s il vkius ml
ij vEky fd;k FkkA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd jlwys djel-v-o- us
Qjek;k gS fd dksbZ 'k[l jkr Hkj eqjnkj dh rjg u iM+k jgs vkius jkr
esa mBdj rgTtqn dh uekt+ i<+us dk gqDe fn;k gSA vki gt+jrl-v-o- us
Qjek;k gS fd lyke dks v¶'kkv ¼cqyUn vkokt+ ls lyke½ djks vkSj
[kkuk f[kykvks vkSj tc yksx jkr esa lks jgs gks rks mBdj uekt+ i<+ks rks
rqe ;d+huu lykerh ds lkFk nkf[kys cfg'r ¼tUur½ gksaxsAbeke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd jlwys
vdjel-v-o- jkr esa dbZ ckj mBrs Fks vkil-v-o- dk bl rjg mBuk cM+k
l[r dke FkkA vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc b'kk dh uekt+ ls Qkfjx+ gks tkrs rks
vius fljgkus felokd ¼nkrqu½ vkSj oqt+w dk ikuh <+d dj j[kus dk gqDe
nsrsA fQj ef'¸;r bykgh ds eqrkfcd+ lks tkrsA fQj mBrs vkSj felokd
327
vkSj oqt+w djds pkj jdkvr uekt+ i<+rs] ,slk dbZ ckj djrs FksA ;gka rd
fd tc lqcg d+jhc gks tkrh rks orz dh rhu jdkvr uekt+ i<+rs vkSj
fQj nks jdkvr cSBdj uekt+ i<+rsA vki tc Hkh mBrs rks vkleku ij
ut+j MkyrsA fQj vkys bejku dh pan vk;rs i<+rs
bUu% Qh [kyfd+l lekokfr oy vjfn ls yk rq[kfyQqy ehvkn
4&3@192&194 rd fQj tc Qtz rqywv gks tkrh rks oqtw+ vkSj felokd
djds efLtn esa r'kjhQ ys tkrs vkSj Qtz dh nks jdkvr ¼lqUur½ uekt+
i<+rs vkSj dqN nsj cSBdj Qtz dh QtZ+ uekt+ i<+rs FksA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o-
us Qjek;k gS fd tc rqe esa ls dksbZ 'k[l jkr esa mBs rks nks jdkvr
uekt+ ls blfrQrkg djs vkSj lyke QSj ns vkSj tks uekt+s ¼rrovkr½
i<+uk gks i<+sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd finj
cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jv-l- tc jkr esa mBrs rks nsj rd [kM+s jgrs vkSj tc
#dw vkSj ltns esa tkrs rks nsj rd jgrsA yksxks dks ;g ekywe gksrk fd
vki lks x;s gSA fQj vpkud vki ;g nqvk i<+us yxrs %
yk bykg% bYyYykgks gD+d+u gD+d+u ltnrks yd% ;k jfCc rvCcqnu o
fjD+d+u ;k vt+heks bUu% veyh t+bQqu Qt+kbQqgks yh ;k djheks ;k
tCckjks bxfQj t+quwch o tqjeh o rdC+cy feUuh veyh ;k tCckjks ;k
djheks bUuh vÅt+ks fcd% vu v[khc% vkso vgfey% tqjeuA
beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd tc vki jkr esa uekt+
i<++rs rks ;g nqvk djrs Fks %
328
bykgh xkjr uqtweks lekokfrd% o uker m;wuks [kyfQd% o gnkvr
vlokrks bckfnd% o x+Yyd+r eqywdks cuh me;~;r% vySgk vcokcgk o
rkQ% vySgk o gqTtkcqgk ogrtcw vEeu ;lvyqgqe gktru vkso ;crx+h
feugqe Qkbnru o vUr% bykgh g;~;ks d+;~;weks yk rk [kt+qd% flurqu o
yk uksequ o yk ;'kxqyqd% 'kSmu vu 'kSbu vcokcks lekokfrd% fyeu
nvkd% eqQRrkgkrqu o [kt+kbuqd% x+Sjks eqxYykdk+fru o jgerqd% x+Sjks
329
egt+qcfru o Qokbnqd% x+Sjks egtw+jfru o vUr% bykfg;y djheqy yt+h
yk r:n~nwl lkvbyu feuy eqvfeuhu% lvyd% oyk rgrftcks vu
rkfyfcu feugqe vjknd% oyk o bT+t+frd% ek r[krft+yks gokbtqgqe
nwud% oyk ;d+th+gk vgnqu x+Sjd% vYykgqEe% od+n&rjk o dwQh t+qfYy
ed+keh cSu% ;nSd% o&rvyeks ljhjrh o rr rfyvks vyk ek Qh dYch
o ek ;qlfygquh fy vkf[kjrh o nqu;k;% bykgh rjD+d+qcqy ekSfr o gksyqy
eqrryb oy oqdwQks cSu% ;nSd% uXxluh erveh o e'kfjch o xLluh
fcfjd+h o vd+yduh vu folknh o vgtvuh o euvuh vu :d+knh
bykgh o dSQ% ;ukeks eU;[kkQks cxrkfr eyfdy ekSfr Qh rokfjfd+y
ySfy o rokfjfd+u ugkfj cy dSQ% ;ukeqy vkfd+yks o eydqy ekSfr yk
;ukeks fcyyS;fy oyk fcUugkfj ;ryqcks dC+t+% :fggh glhlu fcyc;kfr
vksoQh vf¸;Lk lkvfrA
beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- tc bl nqvk dks i<+rs rks QwV&QwV dj
jksrs ;gka rd fd vkids vgyks v;ky vkSj xqyke [kkSQt+nk gks tkrs vkSj
tc vkids ikl ls mB dj tkrs rks vkidks bl gky esa ikrs fd vkius
vius :[lkj eqckjd dks t+ehu ij yxk fn;k gS vkSj ;g nqvk i<+ jgs
gS %
jfCc vlvyqdj jkgr% oj:g% bUny ekSfr oyelhj% byjjgefr ojfjt+okuA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o -us Qjek;k gS fd
vxj dksbZ 'k[l jkr esa mBdj uekt+ i<+us dk bjknk djs rks tc fcLrj
ij tk;s rks ;g nqvk i<+s
%
vYykgqEe% yk rw euh eqdjd% oyk rqufluh ft+djd% oyk rtvyuh
feuy xkfQyhu% ba'kk vYykgks Qyka ¼oD+r dk uke ys½ Qyka oD+r eas
mBq¡xkA il vYykg rvkyk ml ij ,d Qfj'rk eqd+jZj dj nsrk gS tks
mldks ml lkvr ¼ml oD+r esa½ esa mBk nsrk gSA vkSj fdlh us vxj jkr
esa mBus dk bjknk fd;k exj mldh vka[ks yx xbZ ;gka rd fd lqcg
gks xbZ rks mldh ;g uhan [kqnk dh rjQ ls lnd+k gS fQj [kqnk mldks
jkrHkj d+;ke djus dk lokc vrk djsxkA
330
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck vki efLtns ucoh
esa r'kjhQ ys x;s ml oD+r bCus g''kkke ekg jet+ku esa tqevk dk [kqrck
i<+ jgk FkkA mlus dgk fd ;g og eghuk gS ftldk jkst+k j[kuk QtZ+
gSA vkSj jkr esa mBuk jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- dh lqUur gS] beke ckfd+jv-l- us
Qjek;k fd bCus g''kkke us >wB dgk ekg jet+ku esa jlwys [kqnklvo- dk
mB dj uekt+ i<+uk bl rjg Fkk tSlk fd vki nwljs eghukas esa mB dj
uekt+ i<+rs FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd ekgs
jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gS vkSj jkr esa tekvr ds lkFk rjkohg uekt+
i<+uk fcnvr gSA jlwyqYykgl-v-o- us ,slh uekt+ ugh i<+h gS vkSj vxj
mlesa [kSj gksrh rks vki mldks rdZ u djrs vycRrk ,d erZck ,slk gqvk
gS fd vki jet+ku eqckjd ds eghus esa ,d jkr tcfd vki rUgk uekt+
esa e'kxwy Fks ml oD+r dqN yksx vkids ihNs [kM+s gks x;sA vkidks tc
bldk ,glkl gqvk rks ?kj ds vnaj r'kjhQ ys x;s vkius eqlyly rhu
jkr rd ,slk gh fd;k rhu jkr ds ckn tc lqcg gqbZ rks vki feEcj ij
r'jhQ ys x;s vkSj vYykg dh gEn luk ds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd ,
yksxks! ekgs jet+ku vkSj fdlh nwljs eghus esa QtZ+ uekt+ ds flok tekvr
ls dksbZ vkSj uekt+ u i<+ksA rqe yksxks us tks fd;k Fkk og fcnvr gS vkSj
pk'r ¼lqcg lwjt fudyus ds ckn jks'ku oD+r½ ds oD+r uekt+ u i<+ks
D;kasfd pk'r ds oD+r uekt+ i<+uk fcnvr gS vkSj gj fcnvr xqejkgh gS
vkSj gj xqejkgh dk jkLrk nkst+[k dh rjQ tkrk gSA mlds ckn feEcj
ls mrjrs gq, Qjek;k fd lqUur ds eqrkfcd+ FkksM+k lk vEky fcnvr ds
cdljr ¼T+;knk½ vEky ls csgrj gSA
voke us Hkh jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls ;gh fjok;r uD+y dh gS fd vgns
fjlkyr esa ekgs jet+ku dh jkrks esa ck tekvr u¶y uekt+ ugh i<+h
tkrh Fkh vkSj u gt+jr vcq cØ ds vgns f[kykQr esa bldk fjokt+ Fkk
vkSj u gt+jr mej ds bfCrnkbZ nksjs f[kykQr esa bldk fjokt+ Fkk exj
ckn esa gt+jr mej us jet+ku dh jkrks esa u¶y ¼rjkohg½ ck tekvr dks
fjokt+ dj fn;k vkSj yksxks us mudh isjoh dh gkykafd [kqn voke us ;g
fjok;r uD+y dh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us jet+ku dh jkrksa esa u¶y uekt+
dks c&tekvr i<+us ls euk Qjek;k FkkA ge [kqnk ds nhu esa fcnvr
331
djus vkSj mlds jlwyl-v-o- ds euk djus ij Hkh fdlh vEky ds bjfrdkc
ls vYykg dh iukg ekaxrs gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck vkils ,d enZ
valkjh us pk'r ds oD+r uekt+ i<+us dh ckcr loky fd;k rks vkius
Qjek;k fd pk'r ds oD+r uekt+ i<+us dh fcnvr lc ls igys ftu
yksxks us tkjh dh Fkh og rqEgkjh gh d+kSe valkj gSA okfd+vk ;g gS fd
mUgksus ,d erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks ;g dgrs gq, lquk gS fd esjh efLtn
esa uekt+ i<+uk gt+kj jdkvr uekt+ ds cjkcj gSA il og tc vius
[ksrks ls pk'r ds oD+r vkrs vkSj efLtns ucoh esa nkf[ky gksdj uekt+
i<+rs tc bldh bfRryv vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks gqbZ rks vkius mudks ,slk
djus ls euk Qjek;kA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gSs vkius vk;rs djhek %
vYyt+hu% gqe vyk lykfrfge nkbewu 29&70@23 ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k
fd ;g muds ckjs esa dgk x;k gS tks u¶y uekt+ dh ikcanh djrs gSa vkSj
blesa ls tks uekt+ QkSr gks tkrh gS mldks dt+k i<+rs gS] vkius Qjek;k
fd beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- ,slk djrs Fks fd tks u¶y uekt+ jkr esa ckdh
jg tkrh mldks vki fnu esa d+t+k i<+rs Fks vkSj tks uQ~y uekt+ ckd+h
jg tkrh mldks jkr esa d+t+k i<+rs FksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v +l + Qjekrs
gSa fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l [kSj dk dksbZ dke djs rks mldks ,d lky rd
djrs jguk pkfg;s chp esa NksM+ u nsuk pkfg;s eSa ;g xqeku Hkh ugh dj
ldrk fd vkids dgus dk ;g ed+ln gS fd ,d lky ds ckn dkjs [kSj
dks NksM+ nsuk pkfg;s cfYd vkids bl b'kkZn dk ;g eryc gS fd yksx
dkjs [kSj ds vknh cu tk;sa D;ksafd tks 'k[l lky Hkj fdlh vey ij
ikcanh ds lkFk ykft+e jgsxk rks fdlh gkyr esa Hkh oks mldks rdZ u
djsxk D;ksafd og vey mldh vknr cu tk;sxkA pqukaps geus cgqr ls
vey dk rtqZck fd;k rks geus mldks viuh tku ds lkFk ykft+e ik;k
gSA
332
dqjvku esa ltnksa dk c;kudqjvku esa ltnksa dk c;kudqjvku esa ltnksa dk c;kudqjvku esa ltnksa dk c;kudqjvku esa ltnksa dk c;ku
dqjvkus ikd esa iUnzg eqdkekr ij ltnksa dk ft+Ø gSA
1]lwjrqy vvjkQ 2]lwjrjZvn jvn 3]lwjrUugy 4]lqjv% cuh bLjkbZy
5]lqjv% efj;e ¼dkQ gk ;k ,su lkn½ 6]lwjrqy gt 7]lwjrqy gt
8]lwjrqy Qqjdku 9]lwjv% uey 10]lqjv% ltnk 11]lqjv% lvn
12]lqjv% gk ehe ltnk 13]lwjv% uTEk 14]lwjrqy baf'kdkd 15]lwjrqy
vyd
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd dqjvkus ikd esa pkj
eqd+kekr rks ,sls gS tgak ij t+:j ltnk djuk pkfg;s 1]lqjv% vfyQ
yke ehe ltnk 2]lqjv% gke ehe ltnk 3]lwjv% uTe 4]lwjrqy
vyd vkSj ckd+h txgks esa bf[r;kj gS] pkgks ltnk djks ;k u djksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- ltnk dh
vk;rks ij ltnk djuk ilan djrs FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftlus
ltnk dh vk;r i<+h ;k fdlh dkjh ¼i<+us okys½s dks i<+rs gq, lquk ml
gkyr esa fd og mldks dqjvku i<+rs gq, lqu jgk Fkk rks og ltnk djs
vkSj Qt+Z uekt+ i<+ jgk gks vkSj beke ds vykok fdlh ls ltnk dh
vk;r lqus rks vius lj ls b'kkjk djsA vkSj vxj [kqn beke gks vkSj
uekt+ dh gkyr esa ltnk dh vk;r i<+s rks ltnk djs vkSj nwljs yksx
Hkh mlds lkFk ltnk djsA ysfdu beke dks yk;d+ ugh gS fd d+lnu
¼tku cw>dj½ og Qt+Z uekt+ esa fdlh ,slh lwjv% dks i<+s ftlesa ltnk
dh vk;r gks] vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd fdlh oD+r Hkh dksbZ 'k[l
ltnk dh vk;r i<+s ;k fdlh ls lqus rks pkgs og ,slk oD+r gh D;ksa u
gks ftles uekt+ i<+uk tk;t+ ugh gS og ltnk djs vkSj rqywv vkQrkc
ds oD+r vkSj xq:cs vkQrkc ds oD+r Hkh ltnk djs pkgs og ikdht+xh dh
gkyr esa u gks rc Hkh ltnk djsA vkSj tc dksbZ ltnk djs rks vYykgks
vdcj u dgs vkSj u mBrs oD+r lyke QSjs blesa ltnk ds flok vkSj
dqN Hkh okftc ugh gS ysfdu ftl d+nz gks lds ltnk esa rlchg o nqvk
djs vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd tc eqlYyh ltnk dh vk;r i<+s rks
fxj iM+s vkSj ltnk djs fQj mBdj ogka ls uekt+ i<+s tgak ls :d x;k
Fkk vkSj vxj ltnk dh vk;r lwjv% ds vkf[kj esa gks rks igys ltnk
djs fQj mBdj lwjv% Qkfrgk ¼vygEnks½ i<+s vkSj #dwv o lqtwn djsA
333
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc rqe cSBs gks
vkSj ltnk dh vk;r i<+ks rks fdcyk :[k gksdj ltnk djks vkSj vxj
ml oD+r i<+ks tc rqe ?kksM+s ij lokj gks rks ft/kj Hkh rqEgkjk :[k gks
ltnk dj yks D;ksafd vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc eDdk ls ykSVrs vkSj enhuk dk
:[k djrs rks vki viuh lokjh gh ij uQ~y uekt+ i<+rs Fks vkSj mlh
ds eqrkfcd+ [kqnk oUns rvkyk dk ;g b'kkZn Hkh gS fd %
Q% ,uek rqoYyw QlEe% otgqyYykfg rtZqek % tgak dgh Hkh ¼fd+Cyk dh
rjQ½ :[k djks ogha [kqnk dk lkeuk gSA
334
tukbt+
335
fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe
fdrkcqy tukbt+fdrkcqy tukbt+fdrkcqy tukbt+fdrkcqy tukbt+fdrkcqy tukbt+
chekjh] b;knr] vkSj vkyes & ldjkr ¼ekSr dh ?kM+h½chekjh] b;knr] vkSj vkyes & ldjkr ¼ekSr dh ?kM+h½chekjh] b;knr] vkSj vkyes & ldjkr ¼ekSr dh ?kM+h½chekjh] b;knr] vkSj vkyes & ldjkr ¼ekSr dh ?kM+h½chekjh] b;knr] vkSj vkyes & ldjkr ¼ekSr dh ?kM+h½
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l-ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o- ,d erZck ,d enZ valkjh dh b;knr dks r'jhQ ys x;s mlus
vkils cq[kkj dh rdyhQ dh f'kdk;r dh vkius Qjek;k dh cq[kkj
ijojfnxkjs vkye dh rjQ ls ,d rgkjr gSA ml 'k[l us dgk fd ugh
cfYd cq[kkj t+bZQ vkneh dks Hkwu Mkyrk gS ;gak rd fd mldks dcz esa
igqapk nsrk gSA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ;g lqudj xqLlk gks x;s vkSj Qjek;k fd
,slk gh rqEgkjs lkFk gksuk pkfg, pqukapk og 'k[l mlh cq[kkj esa ej x;kA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l-ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
ejht+ dk lcz ds lkFk djkguk vkg vkg djuk glukr esa 'kqekj gksrk gS
vkSj tt+v ¼cspSuh½ ds lkFk djkgus ls cslcz fxuk tk,xk vkSj mlds fy;s
dksbZ vtz ugh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d fnu dk cq[kkj ,d lky dk
dQ~Qkjk gSA tc fdlh rchc ¼gdhe½ us lquk vkSj mldks ml gnhl dh
[kcj dh xbZ rks mlus dgk fd ;g rchcksa ds ml d+kSy dh rLnhd+ gS
fd ,d jkst+ dk cq[kkj ,d lky rd ftLe ds fy;s rdyhQng gksrk gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS] vkius Qjek;k fd chekj [+kqnk ds
dS+n[kkus esa gksrk gS tc rd og viuh b;knr djus okykas ls dksbZ
f'kdk;r ugh djrk mlds xqukg feVk;s tkrs gS vkSj tks eqvfeu cank
chekjh dh gkyr es bfUrd+ky dj tkrk gS og 'kghn gksrk gS vkSj ;aq rks
gj eqvfeu 'kghn gS vkSj gj eqvfeuk gwj&,&fl;kg p'e gksrh gSA
eqvfeu ftl ekSr ls Hkh ejs og 'kghn gSA vkius ;g vk;rs djhek
frykor QjekbZ %
336
oYyt+hu% vkeuw fcYykfg o #lqfygh mykbd% gqeql fln~nhdwu% o'k
'kksgknkvks bUn% jfCcfge rtqZek % vkSj tks yksx bZeku yk;s [+kqnk vkSj
mlds jlwy ij ;gh yksx vius ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd flfn~ndqu vkSj
'kghnks ds nt+sZ esa gksaxsA
vkius Qjek;k fd tc [+kqnk fdlh cans dks fdlh et+Z esa eqfCryk
Qjekrk gS rks mldh chekjh ds eqrkfcd+ mldh [krk,a ekQ dj nsrk gSA
vkius Qjek;k fd ejht+ dh b;knr rhu fnu ds ckn djuh pkfg;s
ejht+ dh b;knr vkSjrkas ij QtZ+ ugh gS vkius Qjek;k fd jlwys
[+kqnklvo- us Qjek;k gS fd b;knr djus okyk ejht+ ds ikl dksbZ pht+
u [kk;s ojuk mldh b;knr dk mls dksbZ lokc u feysxkA
gt+jr beke gqlSuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki ,d erZck tc chekj
gq, rks me:&fcu gkfjl c&xjt+ v;knr dks vk;s FksA veh:y
eqvfeuhuv]l] us muls Qjek;k fd , me:! rqe gqlSuv-l- dh v;knr dks
vk, gks exj fny esa dqN vkSj ckr gS\ eq>s bl oD+r rqedks vPNh [kcj
lqukus ls dksbZ pht+ ekus ugh gks ldrh D;ksafd eSus [+kqn jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o-
ls lquk gS fd tks Hkh eqfLye enZ fdlh chekj dh v;knr dks tkrk gS rks
flRrj gtkj ¼70000½ Qfj'rs] vxj fnu gks rks X+kq:cs vkQrkc rd vkSj
jkr gks rks rqyw , Qtz rd ml ij lyokr Hkstrs gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki ,d erZck tSn&fcu
vjde dh v;knr dks r'kjhQ ys x;sA tSn us dgk fd ejgck , v;knr
dks vkus okys veh:y eqvfeuhu ! gkykafd vki rks gels cgqr ukjkt+ FksaA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l us Qjek;k fd eSa mlls dqN rqEgkjh v;knr ls
:d tkus okyk ugh FkkA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd tks 'k[l fdlh
ejht+ dh v;knr dks tkrk gS vkSj vYykg rvkyk ls oknk iwjk djus dh
bfYrekl djrk gS rks og tUur es QLy [kjhQ ds ekSle es nkf[ky
gksxkA tc rd fd og ejht+ ds ikl cSBk jgs ;gak rd fd tc ejht+ ds
ikl ls mBdj tkrk gS rks ml jkst+ flRrj gtkj Qfj'rs ml ij jkrHkj
nq:n Hkstrs gS vkSj vxj 'kke dks b;knr djs rks og tUur esa ekSles
[kjhQ ess gksxk og tc rd fd mlds ikl cSBk jgsxkA tc mlds ikl
ls pyk tkrk gS rks flRrj gt+kj Qfj'krs lqcg rd nq:n Hkstrs gS
337
blfy;s eSaus bl lokc dks gkfly djus esa mt~yr ¼tYnh½ dh gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- [kkunkus
vCnqy eqRrfyc esa ls ,d 'k[l ds edku ij ml oD+r r'kjhQ ys x;s
tcfd og gkyrs ut+v ¼vkf[kjh oD+r½ esa Fkk vkSj ml dk eqag fd+Cyk dh
rjQ u FkkA vkius Qjek;k fd bldks fd+Cyk :[k ysVk nks D;kasfd tc
rqe bldks fd+Cyk dh rjQ ysVkvksxs rks [+kqnk vkSj Qfj'rs bl ij
eqroTtk gks tk;saxs pqukapk ml 'k[l dk psgjk fd+Cyk dh rjQ Fkk vkSj
og mlh gkyr esa bfUrd+ky dj x;kA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ;g fQrjh ckr gS fd tc ejht+
ut+v ds vkye esa gks rks mldks fd+Cyk dh rjQ fyVk nsuk pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l- Qjekrs gS fd tc rqe fdlh eqfLye eS;r ds
ikl mldh ekSr ls igys tkvks rks dfYkek %
v'kgnks vu yk bykg% bYyYykgks ogngq yk 'kjhd% ygw o v”kgnks
vUu% eksgEEknu vCnqgw o jlwyqgw dh mldks ryd+hu djksA vkSj ejht+ ds
ljgkus ut+v ds oD+r vk;rqy dqlhZ i<+uk eqlrfgc ¼csgrj½ gS vkSj
mlds ckn dh nks vk;rsa vkSj fQj vk;r %
bUu% jCc%dqeqYykgqy yt+h [kyd+l lekokfr oy vjn% Qh flRrfr
v;~;ke vkf[kj rd mlds ckn lqjrqy cdj% dh rhu vk;rs fQj mlds
ckn ;g nqvk i<+ks
vYykgqEe% v[kfjtgk feUgks byk fjt+u feUd% o fjt+okfuu vYykgqEe%
yfD+d+fgy cq'kjk vYykgqEexfQjygw t+Ecgw oj gegksA
vcqt+j xQ~Qkjhj-v- us Qjek;k fd eaS jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ds ikl ml
chekjh ds oD+r ekStwn FkkA ftlesa vkius oQkr ikbZ FkhA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
eq>ls Qjek;k fd , vcqt+j esjs d+jhc vkvks rkfd eaS rqEgkjk lgkjk ysdj
338
cSBw pqukapk eSa vkids d+jhc gqvk rks vkius esjs lhus dk lgkjk fy;kA
ysfdu tc veh:y eqvfeuhu r'kjhQ yk;s rks vkius Qjek;k dh ,
vcqt+jj] v] vyhv-l- blds T+;knk gd+nkj gaS] il vyhv-l- vkids d+jhc cSB
x;s vkSj mUgksus vkidks viuh Nkrh ls yxk fy;k mlds ckn eq>ls
Qjek;k fd ;gak esjs lkeus cSBks tc eaS vkids lkeus cSB x;k rks vki us
Qjek;k fd ;g fxjg cka/k yks fd ftldk [kkRek dfyerq''kgknr yk
bykgk bYyYykg ij gksxk rks og tUur esa nkf[+ky gksxk vkSj ftldk
[+kkRek fdlh feLdhu dks [kkuk f[kykus dh gkyr esa gksxks rks og tUur
esa nkf[+ky gksxk vkSj ftldk [+kkRek gt dh jkg esa gksxk og tUur esa
nkf[ky gksxk vkSj ftldk [+kkRek mEkjkg dh gkyr es gksxk og tUUkr esa
nkf[ky gksxkA vkSj ftldk [+kkRek jkgs [+kqnk es ftgkn djrs oD+r gksxk
pkgs FkksM+h gh nsj rd D;kas u mlus ftgkn fd;k gks] tUur esa nkf[+ky
gksxkA vkius ckd+h gnhl c;ku dh ftldks eSaus eq[+krlj rkSj ij iS'k
fd;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc
ekSr ds oD+r eqvfeu dh t+cku can gks tkrh gS rks ml oD+r jlwys
[+kqnklvo- mlds nkfgus rjQ r'kjhQ ykrs gS vkSj ck;s rjQ veh:y
eqvfeuhuv-l- gksrs gaSA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- mldks Qjekrs gS fd ,s enZ eqvfeu
rqe ftlds mEehnokj Fks og rqEgkjs lkeus ekStwn gSA vkSj rqedks ftldk
[kkSQ Fkk mlls esgQwt+ gksA mlds ckn tUur dk njokt+k [kksy fn;k
tk;sxkA fQj mldks fn[kk;k tk;sxk dh og rqEgkjh txg gS tUUkr esa
vxj rqe nqfu;k esa okfil tkuk pkgrs gks rks ogak Hkh rqEgkjs fy;s lksuk
vkSj pkanh ds <+sj gaSA ml oD+r enZ eqvfeu dgsxk dh eq>s nqfu;k dh dksbZ
t+:jr ugh gS ml oD+r mldk psgjk lQsn gks tk;sxkA vkSj is'kkuh ls
ilhuk cg jgk gksxk mlds nksuks gkasB lw[k tk,axs vkSj nksuks ukd ds uFkus
Qwy tk,axs vkSj ck;s vka[k ls vkalq vk tk,xkA tc rqe ;g vykers ns[kks
rks ;dhu djks fd mlds bfUrd+ky dk oD+r vk x;k gSA vkius ckd+h
gnhl c;ku dh FkhA fQj Qjek;k dh [+kqnkoan rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd
%
ygqeqy cq'kjk fQy g;kfrn nqfu;k muds fy;s nqfu;k gh esa ¼tUur½ dh
339
c'kkjr gSA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o-ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd ftl cans ds
fy, tUur esa txg gS og t+jk lh vkt+ekb'k ls ogak rd u igqapsxk tc
rd mldks ekSr u vk tk, vkSj tc rd bl ntkZ dks u igqapsxk ml
oD+r rd ml ij ekSr l[rh djsxh ;gak rd fd og bl ntkZ rd igqap
tk,A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v]l] us Qjek;k fd ijojfnxkjs vkye lHkh
eydqy ekSr dks gqDe nsrk gS fd og eqvfeu dh tku dks rjn~nqn esa
Mkydj fQj mldks vklkuh ds lkFk fudky ns ysfdu yksx ;g le>rs
gS fd eydqy ekSr us ml ij cM+h l[rh dh gS vkSj clk vkSd+kr [+kqnk
eydqy ekSr dks dkfQjks ds lkFk l[rh djus dk gqDe nsrk gS rks mldh
tku og ,d gh >Vds esa [khap ysrk gS ftl rjg ls fd yksgs ls rkj
[khapk tkrk gS ysfdu yksx ;g le>rs gS dh dkfQj dh tku vklkuh ds
lkFk fudkyh xbZ gSA
ekSr dks ;kn djus dk c;kuekSr dks ;kn djus dk c;kuekSr dks ;kn djus dk c;kuekSr dks ;kn djus dk c;kuekSr dks ;kn djus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tc
rqedks tukt+k dh rjQ cqyk;k tk;s rks tYnh ls tkvks D;ksafd tukt+k
rqedksa vkf[kjr dh ;kn fnykrk gSA beke ckfd+jv]l] ls iqNk x;k fd
vxj ,d 'k[l dks ,d gh oD+r esa tukt+k vkSj oyhek ¼'kknh dk [kkuk½
dh nkor gks rks bu nksuks esa ls fdldks d+cwy djsA vkius Qjek;k fd
tukt+k esa f'kjdr djsA D;ksafd tukt+k esa f'kjdr ls ekSr vkSj vkf[kjr
nksuks dh ;kn rkt+k gksrh gS vkSj nkors oyhek esa f'kjdr ekSr vkSj
vkf[kjr ls xkfQy cuk nsrh gSA
jlwys [+kqnkl]v]o] us valkfj;ksa esa ls ,d 'k[l dks olh;r djrs gq,
Qjek;k fd eSa rqEgs ekSr dks ;kn djus dh olh;r djrk gqaA D;ksafd
blls rqedks nqfu;k ds vez es rlYyh gksxh vkius Qjek;k fd gkfneqy
yTt+kr ¼ekSr½ dks vDlj ;kn djrs jgksA vt+Z fd;k x;k fd ,
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- gkfneqy yTt+kr ls D;k eqjkn gS \ jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us
340
Qjek;k fd gkfneqy yTt+kr ¼fyT+t+rs [kRe djus okyk½ ls eqjkn ekSr gSA
pkykd vkSj gksf';kj enZ eqvfeu og gS tks ekSr dks T+;knk ;kn djrk gS
vkSj mlds okLrs [kwc rS;kjh djrk gSA
,d erZck vkius vius vlgkc dh ,d tekvr ls iqNk fd
pkykd 'k[l dkSu gS\ yksxks us dgk fd vYykg o jlwyl-v-o- dks T+;knk
ekywe gSA vkius Qjek;k fd tks ekSr dks T+;knk ;kn djs vkSj mldh [kwc
rS;kjh djsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- us vius cvt+ vlgkc dks olh;r djrs gq, dgk
fd ekSr dks [kwc ;kn fd;k djks] D;ksafd tks 'k[l ekSr dks ftruk T+;knk
;kn djrk gS og nqfu;knkjh ls mruk gh T+;knk fdukjk d'k jgrk gSA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ekSr eqvfeu ds
fy;s ekfuUns Qwy ds gSA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd ekSr ls nks vkneh
jkgr ikrs gS ,d rks ekSr ls jkgr ysus okyk gS vkSj nwljs ls jkgr yh
tkrh gSA jkgr ikus okyk og vCns lkysg gSA ftldks nqfu;k ds x+e ls
vkSj bcknr ds dkeksa ls jkgr fey tkrh gS vkSj og vkf[kjr dh usverksa
rd tk igqaprk gS vkSj ftlls jkgr fey tkrh gS rks og Qkftj ¼cqjk½
'k[l gSA ftlls nksuks Qfj'krksa dks jkgr fey tkrh gSA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vdlj Qjek;k djrs Fks fd cgqr ls el:j o
QjSc [+kqjnk fdLe ds yksxks dks dqN 'kÅj ugh gksrkA [kkus ihus vkSj
galus esa e'kxwy jgrs gS gkykafd [+kqnk us mudk fBdkuk tgUuqe cuk;k
gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuv]l] Qjekrs gS fd vxj vYykg rvkyk us
bCus vkne dks ,ged u cuk;k gksrk rks og ftank u jgrkA vkSj vxj
tkuojks dks bldk bYe gksrk fd og ejus okys gSa tSlk fd rqe bUlkuks
dks ekSr dk bYe gS rks og Hkh rqEgkjs fy;s eksVs rkt+s u gksrsA vki Qjekrs
gS fd eSaus ,slk bZeku ugh ns[kk tks ;d+hu ds lkFk 'kd ls T+;knk eq'kkck
gks cnys ml bUlku ds tks gj jkst+ eqnkZs dks fonk djrk gS vkSj d+czks rd
mudks igqapkrk gS fQj Hkh nqfu;k ds QjSc esa e'kxwy gks tkrk gSA 'ksgorksa
vkSj fyT+t+rksa dks ugh NksM+rkA vxj bCus vkne feLdhu fdlh xqukg dk
eqjrfdc gh u gksrkA vkSj u dksbZ fglkc gksrk gkykafd ekSr mlds 'khjkt+s
dks fc[ksj nsrh vkSj mldh vkSykn dks ;rhe cuk nsrh rks mldks T+;knk
lt+kokj Fkk fd og ml pht+ ls cprk ftleas T+;knk rdyhQ gSA ge rks
341
ekSr ls x+kfQy jgrs gaS ml d+kSe dh rjg ftldks xkS;k ekSr vkus okyh
gh ugh gSA vkSj nqfu;koh 'ksgorks dh rjQ ml d+kSe dh rjg ekby jgrs
gS ftldks u fglkc dh mEehn gS vkSj u vt+kc dk Mj gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv] l] us Qjek;k fd ,d ejrck jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o- ls iqNk x;k fd dkSuls eqvfeuhu T+;knk pkykd gSa rks vkius
Qjek;k dh tks ekSr dks T+;knk ;kn djrs gS vkSj mlds fy;s [kwc rS;kjh
djrs gS ,sls gh eqvfeuhu T+;knk gksf'k;kj vkSj pkykd gSA
rvft+;r lcz vkSj jksus dh :[klr dk c;kurvft+;r lcz vkSj jksus dh :[klr dk c;kurvft+;r lcz vkSj jksus dh :[klr dk c;kurvft+;r lcz vkSj jksus dh :[klr dk c;kurvft+;r lcz vkSj jksus dh :[klr dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l- ls fjok;r gS dh vki us Qjek;k dh
tc jlwys [+kqnklvo- dk folky gks x;k rks ,gys cSr fdjke ds ikl ,d
vkus okyk vk;kA og mldh vkokt+ dks lqu jgs Fks ysfdu mldk ftLe
ut+j u vkrk Fkk mlus dgk dh lyke gks rqe ij , ,sgyscsr] vkSj [+kqnk
dh jsger o cjdkr gks
dqYyks uQflu t+kbd+rqy ekSr o bUuek rqoQ~Qksu% mtwjdqe ;kSey
fd+;kefr Qeu t+qgft+g% vfuUukfj o mn f[kYky tUur% Qd+n Qkt+%
oEky g;kfrn nqfu;k bYyk erkmy xq:j gj eqlhcr ds oD+r [+kqnk ds
fy;s lcz ls dke ysuk pkfg;s D;kasfd gj ejus okyk vius ihNs tku'khu
NksM+ tkrk gS fygkt+k [+kqnk ls mEehn j[kks vkSj mldh bcknr djks vkSj
bl ckr dk ;d+hu j[kks dh eqlhcr t+nk njvly og gS tks lokc ls
esg:e gS rqe ij [+kqnk dk lyke vkSj jsger o cjdr gksA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls iqNk x;k fd , Qjtans jlwy ,gys cSr ds
ut+nhd ;g ckr djus okyk dkSu FkkA vkius Qjek;k dh ge ,gys cSr
ds ut+nhd og ftczbZyv-l- FksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke
ckfd+jv]l] vkSj vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
342
[+kqnkl-v-o- ,d vkSjr ds ut+nhd ls gksdj xqtjs og ,d d+cz ds ut+nhd
jks jgh Fkh vkius mlls Qjek;k fd ,s vkSjr rqe lcz djks ml vkSjr us
vkils dgk dh , enZ rqe viuh jkg yks] D;ksafd ;g esjk Qjtan gs vkSj
esjh vka[kksa dh BaM+d gSA jlwys [+kqnkl] v] o ml vkSjr dks NksM+dj vkxs
r'kjhQ ys x;s ysfdu gqvk ;g dh ml vkSjr us vkidks igapkuk ugh Fkk
tc ml vkSjr dks crk;k x;k dh og jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- gS rks ;g lqu dj
vakgt+jrl-v-o- dh ryk'k esa fudyh vkSj vkids ikl tk igqaph mlus vtZ+
fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- eSus ml oD+r vkidks igpkuk ugh FkkA vki
Qjekb;s fd vxj eS lcz d:a rks D;k eq>s bldk vtz feysxk\ vkius
Qjek;k dh lcz igys lnes ds oD+r fd;k tk;s rks vtz feyrk gSA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k dh ftl 'k[l esa ;g pkj phts+ gksaxh
og tUur esa t+:j nkf[ky gksxkA ftldk [kkRek dfyerq''gknr yk
bykg% bYyYykg ij gks vkSj ftl ij [+kqnk ,glku djs rks vygEnksfyYykg
dgs vkSj tks xqukg djs rks vLrxfQ:Yykg dgs vkSj ftldks eqlhcr
igqaph gks rks bUuk fyYykfg o bUuk bysfg jkftmu dgs A
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv] l] Qjekrs gS fd tt+v ls cpks D;ksafd
blls vkl VwV tkrh gSA vkSj vey esa det+ksjh iSnk gks tkrh gS vkSj
fQØks x+e essa bUlku eqfCryk gks tkrk gSA ;d+hu tkuks fd vxj ekeys nks
fd+Le ds gSa rks cpus dh lwjr flQZ ;g gS fd ftl ekeys es dksbZ rnchj
dke vk ldrh gks rks rnchj djks vkSj ftles dksbZ rnchj dke u vk
lds rks lcz ij ykft+e jgksA vkius Qjek;k fd lcz dk ntkZ bZeku esa
bl rjg ls gS tSls fd ftLe esa lj dk ntkZ gS jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k
gS fd ftl 'k[l ds rhu Qjtan bfUrd+ky dj tk;sa mudk vtz [+kqnk
ds ut+nhd mldks feysxkA mlds ;g Qjtan mldks vkx ls cpk,asxsA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd vxj nks cPps
bfUrd+ky dj tk;sa rks\ vkius Qjek;k fd mudk Hkh vtz o lokc
feysxkA
,d erZck jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ,d ,sls ?kj ds ikl ls xqt+js ftlesa dqN
valkj cSBs gq, Fks vkius mudks lyke fd;k vkSj [kM+s gksdj muls
nfj;kQ~r fd;k fd rqe yksx fdl gky esa gks\ mUgksus tokc fn;k fd ,
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ge lc vgys bZeku gSA vkagt+jrlvo- us Qjek;k fd D;k
rqEgkjs ikl lkfgcs bZeku gksus dh dksbZ fu'kkuh gS\ mUgksus dagk fd gkaA
343
vkius Qjek;k fd mldks is'k djksA valkj us dgk fd ge jkgr ds oD+r
[+kqnk dk 'kqØ vnk djrs gSa vkSj eqlhcr ij lcz djrs gSa vkSj d+t+k&dnz
ij jkt+h gSaA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us mudks Qjek;k fd rc rks rqe Bhd dgrs
gks ;d+huu rqe eqvfeu gksA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS] vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk
us vius canks dks ;g nqfu;k crkSj dt+Z nh gSA il ftlus bl nqfu;k ls
eq[rflj gt+ ¼yqRQ½ mBk;k vkSj ml ij lcz fd;k rks [+kqnk oans rvkyk
mldks mlds ,ot+ rhu pht+s vrk djsaxk fd muesa ls vxj ,d pht+ Hkh
[+kqnk vius Qfj'rks dks nsrk og [kq'k gks tkrs og rhu pht+s ;g gS% nq:n]
jger] fgnk;rA vYykg ty 'kkugw dk b'kkZn gS fd %
o cf''kfjl lkfcjhuy yt+hu% bt+k vlkcrgqe eqlhcrqu d+kyw bUuk
fyYykfg o bUuk bySfg jkftÅu 0 mykbd% vySfge lyokrqe feu
jfCcfge o jgerqu o mykbd% gqeqy eqgrnwu ¼2&2@155½ rtqZek % ¼,
jlwy½ ,sls lcz djus okyks dks fd tc mu ij dksbZ eqlhcr vk iM+s rks
og ¼cslk[rk½ cksy mBsa ge rks [+kqnk gh ds gSa vkSj ge mlh dh rjQ ykSV
dj tkus okys gSa [kq'k[kcjh ns nks fd mUgh yksxksa ij muds ijojfnxkj
dh rjQ ls buk;rsa jgas vkSj jger vkSj ;g gh yksx fgnk;r ;kQrk gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS] vkius Qjek;k fd tc
vcq lyek fcu vCnqy vln dk bfUrd+ky gks x;k rks mudh choh mEes
lyek us mu ij tt+v ¼cspSuh½ o Qt+v fd;k ml oD+r vkagt+jrl-v-o-
us muls Qjek;k fd , mEes lyekj-v- rqe bl rjg ls nqvk djks %
vYykgqEek vvft+eyh vtjh Qh eqlhcrh o vfOot+uh [kSju feUgk
rtqZek % ckjs bykgk! rq eq>s bl eqlhcr dk cgqr cM+k vtz o lokc vrk
QjekA vkSj blls csgrj eq>s ,ot+ vrk QjekA mEes lyek us vkagt+jrlvo-
dh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vcq lyek ds fely esjs
344
fy, vkSj dkSu gks ldrk gS\ ysfdu vkagt+jrl-v-o- us fQj ogh Qjek;k
tks vkius igys dgk Fkk mEes lyek us Hkh viuh ogh igyh ckr dghA
vkius fQj viuh igyh ckr nkSgjkbZA ml oD+r mEes lyek us vius th
esa dgk fd eaSus jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dh ckr rhu erZck jn~n dj nh gSA fQj
mUgksaus ogh dgk tks jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us muls dgk FkkA il ijojfnxkjs
vkye us mudks vcq lyek ls csgrj 'kkSgj vrk fd;k ;kfu vkagt+jrlvo-
ds vD+n esa vk xbZA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd esjs ckn rqe
eas ls vxj dksbZ 'k[l fdlh eqlhcr esa eqfCryk gks rks ml oD+r tks
eqlhcr esjh oQkr ls igqaph gS mldks ;kn djs D;kasfd mldks esjh oQkr
ls tks eqlhcr igqaph gS og lcls cM+h eqlhcr gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc eqfLye fdlh
eqfLye dks ml oD+r rkft+;r ns tcfd mlds d+jhc ft+Eeh ¼nk:Llyke
esa tft+;k nsdj jgus okyk xSj eqfLye½ ekStwn gks rks %
bUuk fyYykfg o bUuk bySfg jkftÅu i<+sA vkSj ekSr o vkf[kjr oxSjg
dk rt+fdjk djksA vkius Qjek;k fd blh rjg rqEgkjk dksbZ ft+Eeh
iM+kslh fdlh eqlhcr esa eqfCryk gks tk, rks mlds ut+nhd Hkh ;gh dgks
vkSj vxj og ft+Eeh ¼xS+j eqfLye½ rqe dks fdlh e¸;r dh rkft+;r ns rks
mldks gnkdYykg ¼[+kqnk rq>s fgnk;r ns½ dgksA
gt+jr vyhv-l-ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc jlwys vdjelvo-
ds Qjtan tukc bczkghej]v] dk folky gks x;k rks vkagt+jrl-v-o- us eq>s
x+qLy o dQu dk gqDe fn;kA il eSaus mudks ugyk;k vkSj vkagt+jrlvo-
us mudks dQu iguk;k vkSj gquqr ¼[kq”kcw½ yxk;kA mlds ckn vkius
Qjek;k fd , vyh! eS;r dks mBk dj ys pyksA il eS tUurqy cd+hv
dh rjQ ys vk;k vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- us uekt+s tukt+k i<+kbZ fQj vkius
tukt+s dks d+cz ls ut+nhd fd;k vkSj eq>ls Qjek;k fd , vyh! rqe d+cz
es mrjks tc eSa d+cz esa mrjk rks vkius tukt+s dks d+cz esa >qdk fn;k tc
vkius tukt+s dks d+cz esa mrjrs ns[kk rks vki jks iM+s vkSj reke eqlyeku
jlwyqYykgl-v-o- dks ns[k dj jksus yxs gRrk fd enksZ dh vkokt+ vkSjrks dh
vkokt+ ls Hkh cqyan gks xbZA ml oD+r jlwyqYykgl-v-o- us mudks l[rh ds
345
lkFk jksus ls euk Qjek;k vkSj dgk fd vka[ks vkalw cgk, vkSj fny jathnk
o exewe gks ysfdu ,slh ckr ge u dgsa ftlls ijojfnxkj uk[kq'k gks]
, bczkghe ge rqEgkjh oQkr ls eqlhcr esa iM+ x, vkSj ge rqe ij x+e
o eyky djrs gSaA fQj vkius d+cz dks cjkcj dj fn;k vkSj viuk gkFk
fljgkus j[k dj vaxwBs dks vanj /kalk fn;k vkSj ;g nqvk i<+h %
fclfeYykfg [krerqd% feu'k 'kSrkfuZ jthe vU; ;n [kqyd+% rtqZek %
[+kqnk ds uke ls eSaus bl ckr dh eksgj yxk nh gS fd 'kSrku rqEgkjs ikl
nkf[ky u gksA vkius ckd+h gnhl rQlhy ds lkFk c;ku dh Fkh ftls
geus gt+Q dj fn;k ¼NksM+ fn;k½ gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc
vkagt+jrl-v-o ij utv+ ¼vkf[kjh oD+r½ dk oD+r vk;k vki ij x'kh rkjh
gks xbZA ml oD+r tukcs Qkfrek t+sgjkv l jksus yxhA tc vkidks gks'k
vk;k rks ml oD+r ftxj&xks'kk&,&jlwy viuh t+cku vD+nl ls ;g
Qjek jgh Fkh fd , jlwyqYykgl-v-o vkids ckn gekjk dkSu iqjlkus gky
gksxk\ vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd d+le c[+kqnk esjs ckn rqe yksxks dks
det+ksj o ukroka le>k tk,xkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck
vkagt+jrl-v]o] vius fdlh Qjtan ds bfUrd+ky ij jks iM+s] yksxks u vtZ+
fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vki [kqn jks jgs gS gkykafd vki gedks jksus
ls euk djrs gS\ vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd eaSus rqedks jksus ls dHkh euk
ugh fd;k gS eaSus rks rqedks lj ihVus vkSj okosyk djus ls euk fd;k gS
;g jksuk rks ,d fd+Le dh fjD+d+r vkSj jger gSA [+kqnk oans rckjdYykgks
o rvkyk ftlds fny esa pkgrk gS iSnk dj nsrk gS vkSj [+kqnk ftl cans
ij pkgrk gS jge djrk gS vkSj ;d+hu j[kks fd [+kqnk flQZ vius ueZ fny
vkSj jghe canks ij gh jge djrk gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us eqlhcr ds
oD+r jksus dh :[klr nh gS vkSj ;g bj'kkn Qjek;k gS fd tku dks
eqlhcr igqaprh gS vkSj vka[k ls vkalw cgrs gSa okns dh ?kM+h djhc gS il
rqe vius eqag ls ,slh ckr dgks ftlls [+kqnk [kq'k gks vkSj csgwnk dfyekr
346
eqag ls u fudkyks veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd vkg dk ukjk
ekjuk vkSj ukd ls [kjkZVs Hkjuk 'kSrku dk dke gSA
tukcs veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrlvo-
dh f[kner es vt+Z fd;k x;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vCnqYykg fcu jokgk
chekjh dh ot+g ls fxjkackj gks pys gSA vki mBs vkSj ge Hkh vkids lkFk
mB iM+s ;gk rd dh ge vkSj vki vCnqYykg fcu jokgk ds ikl x;sA
vkagt+jrl v o us mudks csgks'kh ds vkye esa ik;k og dqN le> u ldrs
FksA vkSjrsa jks dj 'kksj dj jgh Fkh vkagt+jrl-v-o- us mudks rhu erZck
vkokt+ nh mUgksus dksbZ tokc u fn;k rks vkius ;g nqvk dh %
vYykgqEe% vCnqd% bu dku% dn d+t+k vtygw o fjt+d+gq o vljgq Q
byk tUufrd% o jgefrd% o bu ye ;d+ft+ vtygw o fjt+d+gw o
vljgw QvfTty f'kQkvr% o vkfQ;rgw rtqZek% ckjs bykgk! vxj rsjs
bl cUns dh ekSr dk oD+r vk pqdk gS vkSj vkcks nkuk mB pqdk gS rks rq
bldks viuh tUUkr vkSj lk;k , jger dh rjQ ys tk vkSj vxj ekSr
dk oD+r ugh gqvk gS vkSj u bldk vkcksnkuk nqfu;k ls mBk gS rks fQj
mldks tYn f'kQk vrk dj nsA ml oD+r fdlh us vt+Z fd;k dh , jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o vCnqYykg fcu jokgk ds fy;s ;g cM+s rkvTtqc dh ckr gS fd
bUgksus vdlj ft+gkn esa cxjt+ 'kgknr vius dks is'k fd;k Fkk exj
mudks 'kgknr dk nt+kZ ulhc u gqvkA vkSj vkt og vkius fcLrj ij
bfUrd+ky dj jgs gS vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd esjh mEer esa dkSu yksx
'kghn gS\ yksxks us vt+Z fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- 'kghn rks og gS tks
eSnkus tax esa cx+Sj ihB fn[kk, d+Ry gks tk,aA vkius Qjek;k fd fQj rks
esjh mEEr ds 'kghn cgqr FkksM+s gSA ;d+huu 'kghn rks ogh gS ftldk rqeus
rt+fdjk fd;k gS ysfdu 'kghn og Hkh gS tks Iysx esa ejk gksA vkSj 'kghn
og Hkh gS tks d+kSyat ;kfu nnZs f'kde ¼isV nnZ½ esa eqfCryk gksdj ej
tk,A vkSj 'kghn og Hkh gS tks nhokj esa nc dj ej tk, vkSj 'kghn og
Hkh gS tks ikuh esa Mwc dj ej tk, vkSj og vkSjr Hkh 'kghn gS ftlds isV
esa cPpk ej x;k vkSj og mldh ot+g ls [kqn Hkh ej xbZ gksA vkSj og
347
vkSjr Hkh 'kghn gS tks dqokajh bfUrdky dj xbZ gSA yksxks us vt+Z fd;k
fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dksbZ vkSjr vius cPps ds ej tkus dh ot+g ls dSls
bfUrd+ky dj ldrh gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd tc cPpk isV esa Vs<+k gks
tkrk gS rks og vkSjr ej ldrh gSA mlds ckn vkagt+jrl-v-o ogka ls pys
vk, brus esa vCnqYykg fcu jokgk dks tc dqN bQkd+k ¼vkjke½ gqvk rks
vkagt+jrl-v-o dks [kcj nh xbZ vki fQj Bgj x, vkSj vkius vCnqYykg
fcu jokgk ls Qjek;k fd vCnqYykg vHkh vHkh tks dqN rqeus ns[kk gS
c;ku djksA D;ksafd rqeus cM+s vt+kbc ns[ks gS vCnqYykg fcu jokgk us
dgk fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- eaSus ,d ,slk Qfj'krk ns[kk Fkk ftlds gkFk esa
yksgs dh ,d d+eph Fkh ftlesa ls 'kksys HkM+d jgs FksA tc tc ph[kus
okyh ph[k dj ß;k tqCykÞ dgrh rks og Qfj'rk d+eph ls esjs flj dh
rjQ b'kkjk djrk vkSj dgrk fd rq gh bldk vkljk gS eSa dgrk fd ugh
cfYd vYYkkg rvkyk gS il og d+eph dks gVk nsrk vkSj ph[kus okyh
ph[k dj ß;k fxjkÞ dgrh rks og Qfj'rk esjs flj dh rjQ b'kkjk djrk
vkSj dgrk fd rq gh bldks bT+t+r nsus okyk gS eaS dgrk fd ugh cfYd
vYykg rvkyk bT+t+r nsus okyk gS il og Qfj'rk d+eph dks gVk nsrkA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd vCnqYykg us lp dgk gS , yksxks rqEgkjs mu
eqnkZs dk D;k gky gksxk tks rqEgkjs ftank yksxks ds vd+oky ls gScr ¼[kkSQ½
esa eqfCryk fd, tkrs gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkius viuh oQkr ds
oD+r ;g Qjek;k fd esjs bfUrd+ky ds ckn :[klkjks ij rekpk u ekjk
tk, vkSj u fxjscku pkd fd;k tk, vxj dksbZ vkSjr viuk fxjscku
QkM+sxh rks tgUuqe eas mlds fy, ,d [kM~Mk rS;kj fd;k tk,xk og
ftruk T+;knk fxjscku pkd djsxh mruk gh T+;knk cM+k [kìk [kksnk
tk,xkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k vkagt+jrl-v-o- us vkSjrkas
ls ;g cSvr yh Fkh fd og gjfxt+ gjfxt+ uksgk u djsxh vkSj u vius
:[klkjks dks ukspsaxh vkSj u [kyor esa ukesgjeks ds lkFk cSBsxh vkSj
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ;g Hkh Qjek;k Fkk fd t+ekuk tkfgfy;r ds ;g rhu
dke d+;ker rd ckd+h jgsaxsA
1-flrkjks ls ikuh ekaxuk 2-vkSj ulc ¼cki&nknk dk [kkunku½ eas rkukt+uh
djuk 3- vkSj eqnkZs ij uksgk djukA
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gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius fjQkvk fcu 'kn~nkn dks
tks 'kgjs ,gokt+ esa vkids d+kt+h Fks mudks ,d [kr esa ;g fy[kk dh ,
jQkvk [kcjnkj rqe ftl 'kgj ds Hkh lqyrku gks ogka fdlh eS;r ij
uksgk u gksuk pkfg,A
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius Qjek;k nks vkokt+s eymu gSa
muls [+kqnk cqx+t+ o vnkor j[krk gSA eqlhcr ds oD+r okosyk djuk vkSj
[+kqnk tc usverksa ls uokt+s rks ml oD+r ukp xkus esa e'kxwy gks tkukA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v]l] ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd beke
gqlSuv-l- ij iwjs ,d lky rd 'kc o jkst+ ekre fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj ftl
fnu ls vki eqfCryk] elkbc gq, Fks ml fnu ls rhu lky rd vkiv]l]
ij fxfj;k o uksgk fd;k x;k FkkA ml et+fyl&,&fxjh;k&uksgk esa
gt+jr eqlOoj fcu eq[knek vkSj gt+jr vcw gqjsjk vdkfcj lgkck
fjlkyr evkcl-v-o- e[Qh rkSj ls vius psgjks dks <+kads gq, vk;s FksA vkSj
vxj ;g uksgk dh vkokt+ lqudj og vlgkcs jlwy jks, FksA geus ;g
ns[kk gS fd ckvt+ vbEek vrgkj ij uksgk fd;k x;k gS vkSj cvt+ ij
ugh fd;k x;k gS il ftu ij fxfj;k o uksgk fd;k x;k Fkk mudh
vt+he eqlhcr dh otg ls fd;k x;k FkkA D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk us
viuh e[kywd+ esa ls fdlh 'k[l dks mudk geiYYkg ugh cuk;k gS
blfy;s vkSj yksxks ls vbEEr rkfgjhuv-l- blds T+;knk eqLrfgd+ gS fd
mu ij fxfj;k o uksgk fd;k tk, vkSj ftu vbEEkr rkfgjhuv-l- ij
fxfj;k o uksgk ugh fd;k x;k rks mldh nks otg gS ;k rks mUgksus
fxfj;k o uksgk u djus dh olh;r dh Fkh tSlk fd beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl-
us ckjxgs bykgh esa bTk+gkjs rokt+ks vkSj bufdlkjh ds fy;s ,slk fd;k Fkk
;k rks fQj vkus okys beke us bfUrd+ky dj tkus okys beke dh vt+he
eqlhcr ij lcz dks rjthg nh gksxhA vkSj lokcs vt+he ds fgLlksa dh
[kkfrj gqT+u o eyky ds dMos ?kqaV ih fy;s gksaxs vkSj lcz ij [kqn ykft+e
jgsa vkSj nqljks dks lcz djus dk gqDe fn;k rkfd vkfd+cr esa lvknr o
lq:j ulhc gks tSlk dh ijojfnxkjs vkye us elkbc ij lcz djus okyks
ls oknk Qjek;k gSA geus tSlk fd mldk FkksM+k lk ft+dz bl ckc esa dj
fn;k gSA
349
eS;r dks x+qLy nsus dk c;kueS;r dks x+qLy nsus dk c;kueS;r dks x+qLy nsus dk c;kueS;r dks x+qLy nsus dk c;kueS;r dks x+qLy nsus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius
Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us eq>dks ;g olh;r dh Fkh fd eaS vkids x+qLy
dh roYyh d:aA il vki gh us jlwyqYykgl-v-o- dks x+qLy fn;k Fkk gt+jr
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- x+qLy jlwyqYYkkg dh dSfQ;r c;ku djrs gq,
Qjekrs gS fd tc vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks x+qLy nsus yxk rks eSus cSrq”'kjQ ds
,d tkfuc ls fdlh dgus okys dks ;g dgrs gq, lquk fd , vyhv-l-
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds ftLes vrgj ls d+eht+ u mrkjks il eSaus vkidks d+eht+
ds lkFk x+qLy fn;kA vkSj tc eaS x+qLy ns jgk Fkk rks eSaus vius gkFk ds
lkFk ,d vkSj gkFk dks eglwl fd;k tks vkids ftLe eqckjd ij vk tk
jgk FkkA vkSj tc eSaus vkidks iyVk;k rks mlesa esjh enn dh xbZA vkSj
tc eaSus vkidks eqag ds cy fyVkuk pkgk rkfd vkids iq'r eqckjd dks
x+qLy nqa ml oD+r vkokt+ vkbZ fd , vyh eqag ds cy u fyVkvksA il
eaSus vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks igyq ij fyVk dj iq'r eqckjd dks x+qLy fn;k
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc vkagt+jrl-v-o- us eq>s bl
vez dh olh;r QjekbZ fd eS vkidks x+qLy naq vkSj esjs lkFk dksbZ nqljk
x+qLy u ns rks eaSus ml oD+r jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh f[knre es vt+Z fd;k
fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vkidk ftLe eqckjd Hkkjh gS eSa vkidks rUgk ugh
myV ldrk gqa vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd ftczkbZyv-l- vkids lkFk esjs
x+qLy es 'kjhd gksaxs eSus vtZ+ fd;k dh eq>dks ikuh dkSu nsxk\ vkius
Qjek;k fd Qt+y ¼bCus vCckl½ rqedks ikuh nsaxs ysfdu rqe muls bruk
t+:j dg nsuk fd og viuh nksukas vka[kks ij iêh cka/k ysA D;ksafd rqEgkjs
flok tks Hkh esjs lrj dh rjQ ns[ksxk og va/kk gks tk;sxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS mUgksus dgk fd Qt+y ¼bCus vCckl½
vka[kks ij iêh cka/ks veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dks ikuh nsrs Fks vkSj vyhv-l- o
ftczbZyv-l- nksukas gh fjlkyrs evkcl-v-o- dks x+qLy ns jgs FksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd gt+jr vyhv-l- us vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks
rhu erZck x+qLy fn;k FkkA ,d x+qLy gtZ ¼cSj½ ds ikuh ls ¼gtZ v'uku
?kkl dks dgrs gS vjc ftlls [kkus ds ckn gkFk /kksrs gS½ vkSj nwljk x+qLy
350
tks [kq'kcwnkj dkQqj feys gq, ikuh ls vkSj rhljk x+qLy lkns vkSj lkQ
ikuh lsA vkSj ;g vkf[kjh x+qLy FkkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-vo- us Qjek;k
fd og cank eqvfeu ftlus vius fdlh eqfLye HkkbZ dks cx+Sj fdlh
djkfg;r ds x+qLy fn;k vkSj mldh 'keZxkg ij ut+j u Mkyh vkSj u
mldh fdlh cqjkbZ dk ft+dz fd;k vkSj mlds tukt+s ds lkFk pyk vkSj
ml ij uekt+ i<+h vkSj fQj cSBdj mldks dcz esa Nqik fn;k ,slk
eqlyeku cank tc ogka ls pysxk rks og xqukgks ls [kkyh gksxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l- Qjekrs gS fd tukcrnkj o gSt+nkj
vkSjr nksuks fdlh Hkh e¸;r dks x+qLy u nsA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS
vkius Qjek;k fd gt+jr vyhvl- us tukc Qkfrek t+sgjkv]l] dh olh;r
ds eqrkfcd+ vkidks x+qLy fn;k Fkk vkSj veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ;g
fjok;r gS fd tukcs Qkfrek t+sgjkv-l- us mudks bl ckr dh olh;r dh
Fkh fd mudks esjs flok dksbZ vkSj x+qLy u ns vlek fcUrs mesl eq> ij
ikuh MkysA
beke tvQ:Llfndv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkils iqNk x;k fd D;k
dksbZ enZ viuh vkSjr dks x+qLy ns ldrk gS \ vkius Qjek;k dh blesa
dksbZ gt+z ugh gSA vycRrk diM+ksa ds mij ls x+qLy ns vkSj vkius ;g Hkh
Qjek;k fd tc fdlh vkSjr dk 'kkSgj bfUrd+ky dj tk;s rks og mldks
x+qLy ns exj d+lnu mldh “keZxkg dks u ns[ksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl-
ls fjok;r gS fd tc beke tSuqyvkfcnhuv-l- dk bfUrd+ky gks x;k rks
ml oD+r esjs finj cqtZqxokj beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd eSa tc
vkidh fta+nxh eas vkidh 'keZxkg dh rjQ ut+j mBk dj ns[kuk ukilan
djrk Fkk rks vc vkids bfUrd+ky ds ckn fdl rjg eaS bldh rjQ ut+j
mBk dj ns[k ldrk gqa\ il vkius diM+s ds uhps gkFk Mkydj vkidks
x+qLy fn;kA vkSj vkidh mEes oyn dks cqyk;k mUgksus vHkh vkids gkFk
ds lkFk viuk gkFk 'kjhd dj fn;k vkSj vkidks x+qLy fn;kA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- Qjekrs gS fd mlh rjg ls eSaus Hkh vius finj
cqtqZxokj ckfd+jv-l- dks x+qLy fn;k FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
vkSjrks ds njfe;ku dksbZ ,slk 'k[l bfUrd+ky dj tk;s ftldks muls
dksbZ esgje u gks vkSj mlh rjg dksbZ ,slh vkSjr ,sls enksZa ds njfe;ku
351
bfUrd+ky dj tk;s ftuls mldks dksbZ esgje u gks vkSj ml oD+r dksbZ
,slk 'k[l ekStwn u gks tks mudks x+qLy ns lds rks vkius Qjek;k fd mu
nksuks dks cx+Sj x+qLy ds nQu dj fn;k tk;sA xks;k vkidh ;g jk; gqbZ
fd x+qLy rks okftc Fkk ysfdu tc x+qLy dk bedku xS+j okftc ds t+fj,
ls gks rks ml lwjr es vt+ [kwn okftc lkfd+r gks x;kA vkius Qjek;k
fd 'kghn tks viuh txg ij gh d+Ry dj fn;k x;k rks mldks mlds
diM+ksa esa gh nQu dj fn;k tk;s vkSj x+qLy u fn;k tk;s ysfdu vxj
FkksM+h lh tku ckd+h jgh gks vkSj mldks 'kgknr xkg ls equrfd+y dj
fn;k x;k fQj og bfUrd+ky dj x;k rks mldks x+qLy fn;k tk, vkSj
dQu iguk;k tk, fQj nQu fd;k tk,A vkius Qjek;k fd jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o- us gt+jr gEkt+kv-l- dks vkids diM+ks esa gh nQu fd;k FkkA vkSj
,d pknj dk bt+kQk fd;k FkkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd taxs cnz esa tks
eqlyeku 'kghn gq, gS vkagt+jrl-v-o- us muds ftLekas ls tqCcksa dks mrkj
fy;k Fkk vkSj mudks mUgh diM+kas eas nQu dj fn;k Fkk vkSj mu ij
uekt+ i<+h FkhA vkSj veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd 'kghn ds
ftLe ls tqCck tqrk Vksih vkSj vekek dejcan vkSj bt+kj mrkj nh tk,
c'krsZ fd mu ij [kwu u yxk gks vkSj vxj [kwu yxk gks rks u mrkjk
tk,A vxj fxjkg gks rks mldks [kksy fn;k tk,A
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd og 'k[l tks M+wc
dj ej x;k gks mldks x+qLy fn;k tk,A vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r
gS vkius Qjek;k fd og 'k[l tks ty dj ej x;k tc mldks x+qLy
fn;k tk, rks mij ls flQZ ikuh mUM+sy fn;k tk, veh:y eqvfeuhuvl-
ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l M+wc dj
ej tk, rks mldks ,d fnu vkSj ,d jkr j[k dj nQu fd;k tk,A
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd og 'k[l ftl ij
fctyh fxj iM+h gks mldks rhu fnu ls igys nQu u fd;k tk, exj
;g fd mldh ekSr dk iwjk ;d+hu gks pqdk gks vkSj ekSr ds vklkj okt+sg
gksa rks fQj nQu dj fn;k tk,A
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k
gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l fnu ds vOoy fgLls es bfUrd+ky dj tk, rks
mldks d+;ywyk ¼nksigj esa vkjke dk oD+r½ mldh d+cz eas gksuk pkfg;s
352
vkSj vxj fnu ds vkf[kjh fgLls esa bfUrd+ky dj tk, rks mldh jkr d+cz
eas gksuh pkfg;sA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd
vxj dksbZ 'k[l tukcr dh gkyr esa bfUrdky dj tk, rks mldks ,d
gh x+qLy dkQh gS vkSj gkbt+ ¼gSt+ okyh vkSjr½ ds fy;s Hkh ,d gh x+qLy
dkQh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd eS;r
dks rhu erZck x+qLy nsuk pkfg;sA ,d x+qLy rks ikuh vkSj cSj ds iRrksa ls
x+qLy fn;k tk, vkSj nwljk x+qLy dkQqj ds ikuh ls fn;k tk, vkSj rhljk
x+qLy lkns ikuh ls fn;k tk, vkSj gj x+qLy tukcr ds x+qLy dh rjg
gksuk pkfg;sA igys eS;r dks mlh rjg oqt+w djk;k tk;s ftl rjg uekt+
ds fy;s oqt+w fd;k tkrk gSA fQj eS;r ds lkjs cnu ij gkFk fQjk;k
tk,A vkSj mldks igyq ij fyVk;k tk, exj cSBk;k u tk, vkSj u eqag
ds cy fxjk;k tk, D;kasfd vxj eS;r dks fcBk;k x;k rks mldh dej
VwV tk,xhA blfy;s eS;r dks igyw ij fyVk dj mldh ihB dks /kksuk
pkfg,A vkSj blh gky esa lkjs cnu ij gkFk fQjkuk pkfg;sA Bhd mlh
rjg ftl rjg fd ,d tukcrnkj 'k[l vius lkjs ftLe ij gkFk
fQjkrk gSA vkius Qjek;k fd tc eS;r dks x+qLy fn;k tk, rks mlds
xqVusa ls ukQ rd ,d diM+k Mky fn;k tk;s vkSj mlds uhps ls ikuh
Mkyk tk;s vkSj x+qLy nsus okyk vius gkFk eas ,d diM+k yisV dj mldks
bt+kj ds uhps nkf[ky djsA vkSj mldh Qjt ;k 'keZxkg dks tks bt+kj
ds uhps gS /kks,] vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd vxj eS;r ds cnu ls cky]
xks'r] o gìh oxSjg dqN Hkh fudy tk, rks mldks mlds dQu es j[k
dj nQu dj nsuk pkfg;sA
gquqr vkSj dQu dk c;kugquqr vkSj dQu dk c;kugquqr vkSj dQu dk c;kugquqr vkSj dQu dk c;kugquqr vkSj dQu dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd tc
eS;r dks x+qLy nsus okyk x+qLy ls Qkfjx+ gks tk, rks mldks ,d diM+s
ls iksaNs vkSj mlds lwtqn ds vkt+k ;kfu is'kkuh] ukd nksuksa gkFk] nksukas
xqVusa vkSj nksuska iSjkas ij dkQqj vkSj gquqr yxk, vkSj mlesa ls dqN vka[k
dku eqag nk<+h vkSj lhus ij yxk nsA vkSjr vkSj enZ nksuksa dk gquqr ,d
353
lk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jv]l]
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vki
gquqr eas eq'd dh vkest+'k ¼nksuks dks feykdj½ esa dksbZ gt+Z u le>rs Fks
vkSj vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd fdlh eS;r dks t+kQjku vkSj ojd+ ¼,d
fd+Le dh xkl fry ds ekfuan gS ftlls jaxkbZ dk dke ysrs gS½ ls gquqr
u yxk,A vki eS;r dks /kquh nsus eas Hkh dksbZ gt+Z u le>rs FksA vkSj eS;r
ds dQu dks vkSj ml txg dks tgka mldks x+qLy o dQu fn;k tk,
/kquh nsuh pkfg;sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l- ls eudwy gS fd vki eS;r ds ihNs ihNs
/kquh ysdj pyus dks ed:g le>rs FksA vycRrk dQu dks /kquh nsuh
pkfg;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkils ml 'k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk
x;k tks ,gjke cka/ks gq, bfUrd+ky dj x;k vkius Qjek;k fd mlds
[kqys gq, lj dks <kad fn;k tk, vkSj mlds lkFk og reke vey fd;k
tk, tks ,d cx+Sj ,gjke dh eS;r ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA exj [kq'kcw
dks mlds d+jhc u fd;k tk,A
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkius vkagt+jrl-v]o- dks rhu diM+s
es dQu fn;k Fkk d+Lck veku ¼veku uke dk xkao½ ds cus gq, nks diM+s
vkSj ,d ;euh pknj ,d bt+kj vkSj ,d vekek iguk;k FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd eS;r
dks rhu dQu gh nsuk csgrj gSA ,d cxSj flyk gqvk dqjrk vkSj ,d
pknj vkSj ,d rsgcan] lkfnd+v-l- vkys eksgEenv-l- Qjekrs gS fd esjs finj
cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jv-l- us eq>s ;g olh;r dh Fkh fd eSa mUkdks rhu
diM+ks esa dQu nqaA ,d rks ml pknj esa ftles vki tqEkvk dh uekt+
i<+k djrs Fks vkSj ,d d+eht+ vkSj ,d nqljk diM+kA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd eS;r dks rsgcan vkSj
vekek igukuk t+:jh gS ysfdu mu nksuksa dks dQu es 'kqekj u fd;k
tk,A vkSj eS;r dks rhu dQu igukuk eqLrfgc gS blesa dksbZ pht+
e[klwl vkSj QtZ+ ugh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck ,d 'k[l
tks eS;rksa dks x+qLy nsrk FkkA mlus vki ls iqNk fd eS;r dks fdl rjg
354
vekek iguk;k tk, vkius Qjek;k fd nsgkrh ds vekek dh rjg ls
eS;r dks vekek igukvksA ysfdu bl rjg ls igukvksA rqe vekek dks
njfe;ku ls idM+dj eS;r ds lj ij QSyk nks vkSj eS;r dh nk<+h ds
uhps ls mldks fudky dj vekek igukvks vkSj vekek ds nksuksa fdukjksa
dks eS;r ds lhus ij Mky nks vkSj mldh nksukas dks[k ij rgscan ds
ekfuUn ,d diM+k cka/k yksA mldks gYds gkFk ls cka/kksA vkSj ed+vn
¼<qaxk½ ds uhps :bZ j[k nks rkfd mlesa ls dksbZ pht+ ckgj u fudys vkSj
vekek o dks[k ls ca/kk gqvk diM+k dQu esa nkf[ky ugh gSa dQu rks ogh
gS ftlesa eS;r ds ftLe dks dQuk;k x;kA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us eS;r dks js'keh
diM+s es dQukus ls euk Qjek;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd eS;r
dh ed+vn ij :bZ j[kk djks rkfd mlesa ls dksbZ pht+ ckgj u vk;sA
Qjt vkSj nksukas iSjkas ij Hkh :bZ j[kh tk;a vkSj eS;r vkSjr gks rks mlds
flj ij ,d vkS<+uh vks<+kbZ tk;sA vkSj enZ gks rks mlds lj ij vekek
cka/kk tk,A vbEEkr rkfgjhuv-l- us ,sls diM+ks esa Hkh eS;r dks dQu nsus
dh :[klr nh gS ftues dksbZ rx;~;j ¼cnyko½ ekStwn u gks vkSj gt+jr
vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us gt+jr gEkt+kv-l- dks Åu dh
fl;kg o /kkjhnkj pknj eas dQuk;k FkkA
beke gqlSuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius mlkek fcu t+Sn dks lq[kZ
pknj eas dQu fn;k Fkk vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius
Qjek;k fd eS;r ds eky esa ls lcls igys dQu [kjhnk tk,] fQj d+t+Z
vnk fd;k tk,A fQj mldh olh;r iwjh dh tk, mlds ckn fojklr
rd+lhe dh tk,A
tukt+k mBkus dk c;kutukt+k mBkus dk c;kutukt+k mBkus dk c;kutukt+k mBkus dk c;kutukt+k mBkus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj vkSj vkids
vkck , fdjke ls ejoh gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us tukc Qkfrek t+sgjkvl-
ls ljxks'h ds vankt+ esa dgk fd esjs ,gys cSr esa ls rqe lcls igys eq>s
feyksxhA tc vkagt+jrl-v-o- dk bfUrd+ky gks x;k vkSj yksx eqfCryk&,&x+e
355
gks x, vkSj lS;nk&vkye QkfrerqT+ts+gjkv-l- fcLrj ls yx xbZ mudk
ftLe ughQ o t+kj¼cgqr T+;knk nqcyk½ gks x;k vkSj vki ekfuUns lk;k
ds gks xbZ vkSj jlwyqYYkkgl-v-o- dh oQkr ds ckn vki flQZ flRrj fnu
rd ftank jgh tc bfUrd+ky dk oD+r d+jhc gqvk rks mUgkasus mEeqy
eqvfeuhu vlek fcUrs meslj-v- ls dgk fd eSa enkZs ds da/kks ij ed'kwQ
¼t+kfgj½ gkyr esa fdl rjg mBkbZ tkÅ¡xhA esjk [;ky rks bl oD+r ;g
gS fd ftLe ij flQZ [kky ckd+h jg xbZ gS tc eaS tukt+k esa j[k dj
mBkbZ tkÅ¡xh rks fdl rjg ls yksx esjs tqLlk ¼ftLe½ dks ns[ksaxs\ mEes
eqvfeuhuv]l] vlek fcUrs mesl us dgk fd , ftxj xkS'k&,&jlwy vxj
rqe ij d+t+k , bykgh lkfnj gks xbZ rks eaS rqEgkjs fy;s ,d ,slh pht+
cukmxh ftls eSus 'kgjs gC'kk es ns[kkh Fkh gt+jr QkfrerqTt+sgjkv-l] us
Qjek;k fd og D;k gS\ tukc vlek fcUrs mesl us dgk fd og uv'k
¼rkcwr½ gS ftls tukts+ ds mij j[k dj eS;r dks <+kai fn;k tkrk gSA il
tukt+k dh dksbZ pht+ utj ugh vk,xhA ftxj xks'k&,&jlwyv-l- us dgk
dh esjs fy;s Hkh uv'k ¼rkcwr½ gh cuok nsukA tc vkidk bfUrd+ky gks
x;k rks vlek fcUrs mesl us muds fy, uv'k ¼rkcwr½ cuk;k FkkA il
;g igyk rkcwr Fkk tks bLyke es mBk;k x;k FkkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us uv'k ij gquqr
yxkus ls eukv Qjek;k gSA vkius ,d erZck ,d ,sls rkcwr dks ns[kk
ftldks jax fcjaxs ds nqiêks ls vkjkLrk fd;k x;k FkkA vkius mudks
mrkjus dk gqDe fn;k Fkk gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vki Qjekrs gS fd
eSaus jlwyqYYkkgl-v-o- dks ;g dgrs gq, lquk gS fd vkf[kjr dk igyk vny
d+czsa gS D;kasfd mu d+czksa eas lksus okykas ds eqrkfYyd+ dksbZ irk ugh pyrk
fd 'kjhQ dkSu gSA vkSj jt+hy dkSu gSA ,d erZck vkius ,d d+kSe dks
ns[kk ftuds ikl ls tukt+k xqt+j jgk Fkk og yksx vius vius iSjks ij
[kM+s gksa x;s vkius mudks b'kkjk fd;k fd og cSB tk, ;g gqDe mu
yksxks ds fy;s gS tks tukt+k ds gejkg pyus dk bjknk u j[krs gSA
ysfdu tks tukt+k ds lkFk tkus dk bjknk j[krsa gks rks og mB dj
tukt+s ds gejkg pysa vkSj tc rd tukt+k t+ehu ij u j[kk tk, ml
oD+r rd u cSBsaA
beke gqlSuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vki ,d erZck tukt+k ds gejkg
,d d+kSe ds ikl ls xqt+js og yksx mBus yxs vkius mudks euk Qjek;k
356
vkSj pyrs jgs tc d+cz ds ikl igqaps rks vki ogka :d x;s vkSj gt+jr
vcw gqjsjk vkSj bCus t+qcsj ds lkFk ckrphr djus yxsA ;gka rd fd
tukt+k tehu ij j[kk x;k ml oD+r vki cSB x;s vkSj nwljs yksx Hkh
cSB x;sA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l-- ls ejoh gS fd vkius tukt+k ds
eqrkfYyd+ jlwys vdjel-v-o- dks ;g dgrs gq, lquk gS fd eq>s ekywe ugh
fd bu yksxks eass ls dkSu lcls cM+k xqukgxkj gS v;k og 'k[l tks
tukt+k ds lkFk cxS+j pknj ds pyrk gS ;k og 'k[l tks ;g dgrk gS
fd jge djks vYYkkg rqe ij jge djsxk ;k og 'k[l tks ;g dgrk gS
fd eS;r fd fy;s ex+fQjr ryc djks [+kqnk rqEgkjh ex+fQjr djsxk \
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vki vDlj Qjek;k djrs Fks
fd tukt+s dks rSt+ jQrkjh ls ys tkvks vkfgLrk vkfgLrk u ys tkvksA
vki ls iqNk x;k fd D;k gj ml 'k[l dks tukt+s dks da/kk nsuk okftc
gS tks tukt+k ds lkFk lkFk gS \ vkius Qjek;k fd ugha exj da/kk nsuk
csgrj gS vxj pkgs rks tukt+s dks idM+s pkgs rks u idM+sA vkius lokjh
ds tkuoj ij tukt+k mBkus dh btkt+r nh gSA ,slk ml oD+r fd;k
tk, tc fd dksbZ tukt+k mBkus okyk u gks ;k dksbZ mt+j gks exj lqUur
vkSj gqDe ;gh gS dh tukt+ks dks yksx gh mBk;s vki blds fy;s ;g
vey eqLrfgc le>rs Fks tks tukt+s dks mBkus esa enn djuk pkgrk gS
fd og ck;as tkfuc ls bfCrnk djs vkSj ftlds nksuks gkFkks esa tukt+k dk
ik;k gks mlls vius nk;sa gkFkks esa ys ys fQj pkjks rjQ pDdj djsA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv]l]- ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS
fd rqe yksx tukt+k ds ihNs ihNs pyks ,slk u gks fd tukt+k rqEgkjs ihNs
gks vkSj rqe vkxs vkxs pyksA vgys fdrkc ds fcYdqy cjvDl vey
djksA ,d 'k[l us veh:y eqvfeuhuv]l]- ls iqNk fd lqcg dSlh xqt+jh
vkius Qjek;k fd ml 'k[l ls csgrj xqt+jh tks u fdlh tukt+s ds ihNs
pyk u rks fdlh chekj dh b;knr dh] vkils ,d erZck vcw lbZn vy
gt+jhjv- us tukt+s ds gejkg pyus dh ckcr iqNk fd tukt+s ds vkxs
pyuk vQt+y gS ;k ihNs\ vkius mu ls Qjek;k fd , vcw lbZn! rqe
tSlk bUlku bl fd+Le dh ckr iqNrk gS! mUgksus dgk fd gka c[+kqnk eq>
tSlk vkneh bl ckjs esa iqNrk gS rks vkius Qjek;k fd tukt+s ds ihNs
pyus okys dks vkxs vkxs pyus okys ij ogh Qth+yr gkfly gS tSlk
357
QtZ+ uekt+ dks u¶y uekt+ ij gSA vcw lbZnj-v- us dgk fd ;g vki
vkiuh rjQ ls Qjek jgs gS ;k bl ckjs eas vkius [kqn jlwysl-v-o- ls Hkh
lquk gSA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us mlls dgk fd eSaus vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks
;gh dgrs gq, lquk gS tks eSaus rqels vHkh dgk gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- gqlwys QT+y o lokc dh [kkfrj tukt+s ds ihNs uaxs
ikao pyk djrs FksA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o-
,d tukt+k ds gejkg r'kjhQ ys tk jgs Fks fd vkidh ut+j ,d vkSjr
ij iM+h tks tukt+s ds ihNs ihNs pyh vk jgh Fkh vki Bgj x;s vkSj
Qjek;k fd ml vkSjr dks ykSVk nks il og ykSVk nh xbZ] vki Bgjs jgs]
;gka rd fd vkils ;g dgk x;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- og vkSjr enhuk
dh nhokjks esa Nqi xbZ gSA fQj vki pysA
uekt+s tukt+k dk c;kuuekt+s tukt+k dk c;kuuekt+s tukt+k dk c;kuuekt+s tukt+k dk c;kuuekt+s tukt+k dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v -l- ls eudwy gS vkius vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh
oQkr dk rt+fdjk djrs gq, Qjek;k fd tc veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l-
fjlkyr evkcl-v-o- dks x+qLy o dQu ns pqds rks ml oD+r vCcklj-v- fcu
vCnqy eqRrfyc vkids ikl vk;s vkSj muls ;g dgk fd , vyhv-l- yksx
jlwyqYykgl-v-o- ij uekts+ tukt+k i<+us ds fy;s tek gks x, gSA vkSj
mudh ;g jk; gS fd vkil-v-o- dks tUurqy cd+hv esa nQu fd;k tk,
vkSj mudh ;g Hkh jk; gS fd muesa ls ,d 'k[l jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ij
uekt+s tukt+k dh beker djk, ;g lqu dj veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us
Qjek;k fd , yksxks! jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- fta+nxh vkSj ekSr nksukas gkyr eas
beke Fks vkSj tks uch tgka oQkr ikrk gS mldks ogh nQu fd;k tkrk
gSA yksxks us vt+Z fd;k fd vki dh tSlh jk;A pqukapk veh:y eqvfeuhuvl-
cSrqy&'kjQ ds njokt+s ij [kM+s gks x;s vkSj jlwyqYykgl-v-o- ij uekt+s
tukt+k i<+h vkSj vki nl nl vkneh;ks dks vkxs djrs tks uekt+ i<+dj
okil vk tkrsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vkQrkc ds x+q:c
vkSj rqywv ds oD+r vkSj gj oD+r esa uekts+ tukt+k i<+us esa dksbZ gt+Z ugh
358
gSA D;ksafd ;g rks egt+ bfLrx+Qkj gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkidks uekts+
tukt+k i<+kus ds fy;s cqyk;k x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd ge rks uekts+
tukt+k i<+rs gS ysfdu njvly eS;r dk vey gh ml ij uekt+ i<+rk
gS ¼;kfu eS;r dks mldk vey gh dke vk;sxkA½
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc eqvfeu
ij pkyhl eqvfeuhu uekts+ tukt+k i<+rs gS vkSj mlds fy;s [kwc nqvk
djrs gS rks mudh nqvk eS;r ds gd+ esa ed+cwy gksrh gS vkius Qjek;k fd
tukt+k esa [kqn lqyrku 'kjhd gks rks og eS;r ds oyh ls T+;knk uekts+
tukt+k i<+kus dk gd+nkj gSA
vkils iqNk x;k fd vxj fdlh dh choh bfUrd+ky dj tk;s rks
D;k og [kqn ml ij uekt+s tukt+k i<+kus dk gdnkj gSA
vkils iwNk x;k fd vxj fdlh dh choh bfUrd+ky dj tk;s rks
D;k og [kqn ml ij uekts+ tukt+k i<+k ldrk gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd
vkSjr ds [kkunku okyksa dks uekts+ tukt+k i<+kus dk 'kkSgj ls T+;knk gd+
gkfly gS vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd vxj cPpk foyknr ds oD+r t+ksj
ls fpYyk, vkSj fQj ej tk, rks ml ij uekt+s tukt+k i<+uk pkfg;sA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ,d
,slh vkSjr vkSj mlds cPps dh uekt+s tukt+k i<+kbZ Fkh tks t+kfu;k
¼cndkj½ Fkh vkSj cgkyrs fuQkl bfUrd+ky dj xbZ FkhA vkius usd ;k
cn dksbZ Hkh eqLyeku gks ml ij uekt+s tukt+k i<+us dk gqDe fn;k gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd bUlku dh gj ml pht+
ij uekt+s tukt+k i<+uh pkfg;s ftlds eqrkfYyd+ ekywe gks fd vxj og
bUlku ds ftLe ls vyx gks xbZ rks og ej tk,xkA vkSj tc ,d oD+r
esa dbZ tukt+s tek gks tkrs rks vki mu reke ij ,d gh erZck uekt+s
tukt+k i<+rs Fks ml oD+r enksZ dk tukt+k vius ls d+jhc j[krs Fks vkSj
vkSjrks dk tukt+k fd+Cyk ds d+jhc j[krs FksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc fdlh enZ ds
tukt+s ij uekt+ i<+kus ds fy;s [kM+s gksrs rks vki mldh Nkrh ds
eqd+kfcy [kM+s gksrs Fks vkSj tc tukt+k fdlh vkSjr dk gksrk rks vki
mlds lj ds eqd+kfcy [kM+s gksrs FksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- ls eudwy
gS fd vkils ,sls 'k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k tks tukt+s esa cx+Sj oqt+w
359
ds 'kjhd gqvk gks vkSj ikuh Hkh u feyrk gks\ vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
uekts+ tukt+k ds QkSr gksus dk [krjk gks rks r;Eeqe djds uekts+ tukt+k
i<+sA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS fd vki tc tukt+k ij
rdchjk cksyrs rks vius nksuksa gkFkksa dks mij mBkrs Fks vkSj tukt+k ij
ikap erZck rdchjk dgrs FksA vkils ,d erZck rdchjk ds ckjs esa iqNk
x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd tukt+k ij ikap erZck rdchjk dgh tk;sA ;g
ikap oD+r dh uekt+ks ls ,d ,d rdchjk ek[kwt+ ¼fy;k x;k½ gSA vkius
Qjek;k gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l ,d Hkh rdchjk esa ihNs jg tk;s rks og
tukt+s esa 'kkfey rks gks exj tc yksx lyke QSj ns rks viuk ckd+h
rdchjk iwjk djs vkSj fQj lyke QSjs vkSj tc yksxks ds lkFk 'kjhd gks
rks ml oD+r rdchjk dgs vkSj mls viuh vOoy uekt+ rlOoqj djsA
vgys cSrs vrgkjv-l- ls ;qa rks uekts+ tukt+k dh cdljr nqvk,a
eudwy gaS ftlls irk pyrk gS fd dksbZ nqvk e[klwl ugh gSA gkfly
dyke ;g gS fd eqlYyh rdchjk cksys fQj [+kqnk ftl gEn o luk ds
yk;d+ gS gEn o luk djsA vkSj mldh rkvt+he djs tks rkvt+he djus
dk gd+ gSA fQj rdchjk cksys vkSj jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vkSj vkidh vky ij
nq:n HkstsA fQj rdchjk cksys vkSj vxj eS;r eqvfeu gks rks mlds gd+
es nqvk djs mlds ckn fQj rdchjk cksys vkSj reke eqvfeuhu vkSj
eqvfeukr ds gd+ esa nqvk djsA fQj rdchjk cksydj jlqyqYykgl-v-o- vkSj
vkidh vky ij nq:n Hksts vxj gj erZck rdchjk esa gEn o luk] nqvk
o nq:n Hkst ldrk gks rks ;g djuk csgrj gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj eS;r ds ckjs
esa rqedks dksbZ ekywekr gkfly u gks rks ml oD+r ;g nqvk i<+ks %
vYykgqEe% yk uvyeks bYyk [kSju o vUr% vvyeks fcgh QofYygh ek
roYyk og'kqjgks ev% eu vgCc%
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
eqlr&t+vQ ¼mldks dgrs gS ftldks det+ksj le>k tk,½ ij uekt+s
tukt+k i<+h tk, rks mldh uekt+ esa ;g vk;r i<+h tk, %
360
jCcuk o flvr% dqYy% 'kSbu jgeru o bYeu gqoy Qkst+qy vt+he
,gys cSrs vrgkjv-l- us vkSfy;k vYykg ds nq'eu ij uekts+
tukt+k i<+us ds ckjs esa Qjek;k gS fd mlds gd+ esa cn~nqvk dh tk, vkSj
nq'eus vgys cSr ds gd+ esa cn~nqvk djus dh cgqr lh fd+Lesa gS ftlls
ekywe gksrk gS fd muesa dksbZ cn~nqvk e[klwl ugh gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vki cPpksa dh uekt+s
tukt+k esa ;g i<+rs Fks %
vYykgqEet vygks yuk ly%Qu o Qj%ru o vtju vkius ;g Hkh
Qjek;k gS fd tc rqe uekt+s tukt+k ls Qkfjx gksa tkvks rks lyke QsjksA
nQu vkSj d+cz dk c;kunQu vkSj d+cz dk c;kunQu vkSj d+cz dk c;kunQu vkSj d+cz dk c;kunQu vkSj d+cz dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkidss finj cqtqxZokj ls vkSj
vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkius
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds fy;s ygn [kksnh Fkh ygn ml txg dks dgrs gS tks
d+cz ds vUnj eS;r ds fy, fd+Cyk dh nhokj esa cukbZ tkrh gS vkSj t+jhg
ml txg dks dgrs gS tks eS;r ds fy, d+cz ds chp esa [kksnh tkrh gSA
beke TkkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius vius finj cqtqxZokj
beke ckfd+jvl- ds fy;s cj&cuk, ,gfr;kt ¼lko/kkuh ls t+:jr eqrkfcd+½
t+jhg cukbZ Fkh D;kasfd vki tlhe ¼Hkkjh½ FksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k dh jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dh
d+cz eqckjd esa blfy, ?kkl fcNkbZ xbZ Fkh fd d+cz esa rjh vkSj t+ehu 'kksjs
okyh FkhA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj eS;r vkSjr gks rks mldks d+cz eas ogh
mrkjs tks mldh ft+anxh esa viuh vka[kksa ls mldks ns[krk Fkk vkSj ogh
'k[l nwljs reke 'k[lksa esa myk ¼csgrj½ gS vkSj fd og mlds fiNys
fgLls dks idM+ dj mrkjsA vkSj vxj eS;r enZ gks rks mldk d+jhc rjhu
fj'rsnkj d+cz esa mrkjsA ;g blfy, fd mlds vxys fgLls dks idM+ dj
361
mrkjsA enZ ds fy, ed:g gS fd og vius Qjt+Un dks [kqn d+cz esa mrkjs]
;g blfy, fd ml ij fjD+d+r rkjh u gks tk,A veh:y eqvfeuhuv]l]
ls fjok;r gS jlwys [+kqnkl]v]o] us Qjek;k fd gj ?kj dk ,d njokt+k gS
il d+cz dk njokt+k eS;r ds nksuks iSjks dh rjQ gSA fygkt+k mlh rjQ
ls d+cz esa mrjuk vkSj p<+uk pkfg;s A
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o- ,d
tukt+s esa 'kjhd gq, vkius yksxks dks eS;r dks fd+Cyk dh flEr j[kus dk
gqDe fn;k vkSj d+cz esa mrjus ds fy, Qjek;k vkSj dgk fd fd+Cyk :[k
gksdj eS;r dks mrkjks vkSj mldks ygn ds vanj j[kks blds ckn vkius
Qjek;k fd i<+ks %
vyk feYyfrYykfg o feYyfr jlwfyYykfg vkius mleku fcu et+mu
dh d+cz ij diM+k Mkyus dk gqDe fn;k vkSj dgk fd ;g igyh dcz Fkh
ftl ij diM+k M+kyk x;k FkkA
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- us Qjek;k fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- ,d
erZck cuh vCnqy eqRrfyc esa ls ,d 'k[l ds tukt+s esa 'kjhd gq, tc
yksxks us eS;r dks d+cz esa mrkjk rks ml oD+r vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd
bldks nkfgus igyq ij fd+Cyk dh tkfuc eqag djds ygn esa j[kksA eqag ds
cy vkSj lj ds cy eS;r dks ygn esa u j[kks fQj vkil-v-o- us ml 'k[l
ls Qjek;k fd tks d+cz esa mrjk Fkk fd rqe viuk gkFk eS;r dh ukd ij
j[kks rkfd rqe ij jks'u gks tk, fd eS;r fd+Cyk :[k gS fQj vkius yksxks
ls Qjek;k fd vc ;g nqvk i<+ks %
vYykgqEe% yfDdugks gqTt%rgw o lvbn :&ggw o yfDdgh feUd%
fjt+okukA
vgys cSr vrgkjv-l- ls eS;r dks d+cz esa j[krs oD+r cgqr lh
nqvk, eudwy gS blls ekywe gksrk gS bl oD+r ds fy;s dksbZ nqvk e[klwl
ugh gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc
fdlh eS;r dks nQu djus fd fy;s r'kjhQ ys tkrs rks d+cz esa rhu erZck
feêh Mkyrs FksA
362
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd tc vki d+cz esa feêh Mkyrs rks ;g
nqvk i<+rs Fks %
vYykgqEe% bZekuu fcd% o rlnhd+u fyjlwfyd% o bZd+kuu fc cvfld%
gkt+k ek ovnYykgks o :lwyqgq o lnd+Yykgks o jlwyqgw vki Qjekrs Fks
tks 'k[l bl ij vey djsxk rks [+kkd dk gj t+jkZ mlds fy;s usdh cu
tk,xkA ,d erZck vkidh f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd dwQk ls pan
ehy ds Qklys ij nsgkr esa ,d 'k[l bfUrd+ky dj x;k il yksx mls
mBkdj dwQk ys vk, vkius mudks l[r lt+k nh vkSj Qjek;k fd eS;rksa
dks ogh nQu dj nks tgka mudk bfUrd+ky gqvk gks] ;gqfn;ks dh rjg
tSlk fd og vius eqnkZs dks cSrqy&eqd+n~nl ys tkrs gS rqe ,slk u djksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd taxs vksgn esa tc valkj vius 'kghnksa
dks vius ?kj dh rjQ mBkdj ys tkus ds fy, vk, rks ml oD+r
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ,d equknh dks ;g funk djus dk gqDe fn;k fd vtlke
¼ftLeks½ dks mlds ed+ry esa nQu dj nks veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh
gS fd vki tc jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dks nQu dj pqds rks vkius d+cz eqckjd
dks eqjCcv ;kfu pkSdksj cuk fn;k FkkA vkils ;g Hkh fjok;r gS fd
vkagt+jrlvo- tc mLeku fcu et+mu dks nQu dj pqds rks vkius ,d
iRFkj eaxokdj mlds fljgkus j[k fn;k vkSj Qjek;k fd ;g ,d
vyker ds rkSj ij gS rkfd eSa vius vgys d+jkcr dks ;gh nQu dj
ldwaA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vki rhu gkFk ls T+;knk xgjh d+cz
[kksnuk ed:g le>rs Fks vkSj d+cz ds vanj ls fudyh gqbZ feêh ds
vykok nqljh feêh d+cz ij j[kuk ed:g le>rs FksA vkils ;g Hkh
fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- tc mLeku fcu et+mu dh d+cz ij feêh
cjkcj dj pqds rks vkius ml ij ikuh fNM+dk FkkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us d+czkas dh ft+;kjr
dh :[klr nh gS vkius Qjek;k fd d+czks dh ft+;kjr ls vkf[kjr dh
;kn rkt+k gksrh gSA beke ckfd+jvl- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd
363
lS;nk&,&vkye tukcs QkfrerqT+t+sgjkv-l- gt+jr gEkt+kvl- dh d+cz dh
ft+;kjr djrh FkhA d+cz ds ikl [kM+h jgrh Fkh vkSj vki gj lky
[Okkrhu ds lkFk 'kghnksa dh d+czks ij gkft+j gksrh Fkh vkSj nqvk o
bfLrxQkj djrh FkhA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd tc vki d+czks ds ikl ls xqtjrs Fks
rks bl rjg ls rhu erZck lyke i<+rs Fks %
vLlykeks vySdqe ;k vgyn&nkfj QbUuk fcdqe ykfgdwu A
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS fd vkiv-l-o us d+czks ij p<+us ls vkSj
muds ikl galus ls euk Qjek;k gS vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd
vkius d+cz ds ikl efLt+n cukus dks ed:g Qjek;k gS] vkils ;g Hkh
fjok;r gS fd tc tvQj fcu vchrkfycj-t- dh [kcjs oQkr igqaph rks
vkagt+jrl-v]o- us vius ,gys cSr ls Qjek;k fd [kkuk idkvks vkSj gt+jr
tkvQj ds ?kj okyks ds ikl ys tkvks tc rd fd og gt+jr tkvQj
ds x+e esa eqfCryk jgs vkSj muds lkFk rqe Hkh [kkuk [kkvks D;kasfd mu ij
,slh eqlhcr ukft+y gqbZ gS fd ftldh otg ls oks viuk [kkuk [kqn ugh
idk ldrsA
364
t+dkr
365
fdrkcqy t+dkrfdrkcqy t+dkrfdrkcqy t+dkrfdrkcqy t+dkrfdrkcqy t+dkr
¼4½¼4½¼4½¼4½¼4½
t+dkrt+dkrt+dkrt+dkrt+dkr o lnd+k nsus dh rjx+hckr dk c;kuo lnd+k nsus dh rjx+hckr dk c;kuo lnd+k nsus dh rjx+hckr dk c;kuo lnd+k nsus dh rjx+hckr dk c;kuo lnd+k nsus dh rjx+hckr dk c;ku
b'kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
d+n vQyg eu rt+Ddk o t+djle% jfCcgh QlYyk A
nqljs eqd+ke ij b'kkZn gS fd %
d+n vQygy eqvfeuwuy yt+hu% gqe Qh lYkfrfge [kkf'kmu% oy
yt+hu% gqe vfuy yxfo eqvfjt+wu% oy yt+hu% gqe fyt+ t+dkfr Qkbywu%
& & &mykbd% gqeqy okfjlwuy yt+hu% ;fjlwuy fQjnkSl% gqe Qhgk
[kkfynwu 18&23@1&11
rtqZek % vycRrk og bZeku ykus okys dke;kc gq, tks viuh uekt+ksa esa
¼[+kqnk ds lkeus½ fxjfxjkrss gS vkSj tks csgwnk ckrksa ls eqag Qsjrs jgrs gaS vkSj
tks t+dkr vnk fd;k djrs gSA ;gh yksx lPps okfjl gS tks cfg'r , cjh
ds okfjl gksaxs vkSj ;gh yksx mlesa ges'kk ft+ank jgsaxsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkids finj cqtqZxokj vkSj vkids
vkck , fdjke vkSj ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd [+kqnk oUn rvkyk tc fdlh cUns ds lkFk [kSj dk bjknk
djrk gS rks mlds ikl tUur ds [kt+kuknkjksa ¼igjsnkjksa½ esa ls ,d
Qfj'rk Hkstrk gS tks mlds lhus ij elkg djrk gSA il mudk u¶l
t+dkr nsus ds fy;s l[kh gks tkrk gS ;kfu og t+dkr dks vnk djrk gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
366
enZ vkfcn dh rhu vykersa gS & uekt+] jkst+k] t+dkrA vkius viuh
olh;r esa Qjek;k fd eSa vius vgyks v;ky dks vkSj reke eqvfeuks dks
[+kqnk ls Mjus dh olh;r djrk gqaA rqe t+dkr ds ckjs esa [+kqnk ls MjksA
D;ksafd t+dkr rqEgkjs jc ds xqLls dh vkx dks BaMk djrh gSA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls ejoh gS fd vkius t+dkr ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k
gS fd tks 'k[l t+dkr nsrk gS og ml eky esa ls flQZ ,d gh tqt+
¼fgLlk½ nsrk gS tks [+kqnk us mldks vrk fd;k gSA fygkt+k mldks
c&r¸;c [kkfrj ¼[kq'kh&[kq'kh½ t+dkr nsuk pkfg;sA vxj fdlh us vius
eky dh t+dkr vnk dj fn;k rks mlds eky ls 'kj nwj gks x;kA vkius
Qjek;k fd [kq'dh ;k rjh esa tks eky t+k;sv gks tkrk gS og t+dkr ds
u vnk djus dh otg ls t+k;k gksrk gSA fygkt+k rqe t+dkr nsdj vius
eky o nkSyr dks esgQwt+ dj nks vkSj lnd+k ls vius chekjks dk bZykt
djks vkSj nqvk ls cyk o eqlhcr dks nQk djksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkr nsus ls
dHkh eky de ugh gksrk vkSj ftl eky dh t+dkr nh tkrh gS og eky
dHkh [kq'dh ;k rjh esa t+k;sv ugh gksrkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd tks
cank [+kqnk ds ut+nhd ftruk eksvfTt+t+ gksrk gS ml ij cyk,a Hkh mruh
gh T+;knk ukft+y gksrh gS vkSj tks 'k[l vius eky dh t+dkr vnk djrk
gS rks mlls mldk eky de ugh gksrk vkSj u t+dkr jksdus ls eky esa
bt+kQk gksrk gS vkSj pksj tks dqN pqjkrk gS rks og mlds fjT+d+ gh ds
fgLls esa 'kqekj gksrk gSA
beke gluv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkr ls eky de
ugh gksrkA beke ckfd+jv-l- us Qje;k gS fd tc og vius finj cqtqZxokj
beke vyh tS+uqyvkfcnhuvl- dks x+qLy ns pqds rks yksxks us ns[kk dh vkids
xqBusa vkSj iSj dk Åijh fgLlk xks;k ÅaV ds xksBu dh rjg gS vkSj tc
nks'k eqckjd dks ns[kk rks og Hkh ,slk gh FkkA yksxks us beke ckfd+jv-l- ls
iqNk dh , Qjt+ans jlwyl-v-o- is'kkuh vkSj xkSBu ij tks xìs iM+s gq, gS og
rks ges ekywe gS fd vdlj uekt+ vkSj rwy ¼yEck½ lqtwn dh fcuk ij
gS ysfdu ;g vkids da/ks ij dSlk xì+k iM+k gqvk gS vkius Qjek;k fd
lquks! vxj esjs finj cqtqZxokj beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- ftank gksrs rks eSa
367
muds eqrkfYyd+ rqels dqN u dgrk ysfdu lquks! beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuvl
dh gj jkst+ ;g vknr 'kjhQ ¼vPNh vknr½ Fkh dh vki ,d ls T+;knk
feLdhu dks [kkuk f[kykrs Fks vkSj tc jkr vkrh rks vius vgyks v;ky
ls fnu dk cpk gqvk Qkft+y [kkuk ,d FkSys esa Hkj ysrsA tc gj rjQ
lUUkkVk Nk tkrk rks vki bldks vius da/ks ij mBk dj enhus dh xfy;kas
esa ys tkrs vkSj og cpk gqvk [kkuk ,sls yksxks ds ikl ys tkrs Fks tks 'keZ
ds ekjs yksxks ls loky u djrs Fks vki muesa bl rjg ls rd+lhe djrs
Fks fd ;g irk rd u pyrk Fkk fd nsus okyk dkSu gSA gRrk dh ?kj okyks
esa ls Hkh esjs flok bl ckr dks dksbZ u tkurk Fkk ysfdu eaS gh fdlh rjg
ls okfd+Q gks x;k FkkA beke tS+uqyvkfcnhuv-l- dk blls ed+ln ;g Fkk
fd ikS'khnk rkSj ij vius gkFk ls lnd+k nsus dk tks lokc gS og gkfly
dj ysaA vki vDlj Qjekrs Fks fd ikS'khnk rkSj ls lnd+k djuk [+kqnk ds
xqLls dks BaM+k dj nsrk gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd eaSus jlwys [+kqnklvo-
dks dgrs gq, lquk gS fd eqvfeu ds gkFk ls vHkh lnd+k fudyk ugh fd
blls flRrj 'kSrkuks ds tcM+s dqpy tkrs gSA e[+Qh rkSj ls lnd+k djuk
jc dh vkfr'k o xt+c dks cq>k nsrk gS tSls fd vkx ikuh dks cq>k nsrh
gSA rqe es ls vxj dksbZ lnd+k djuk pkgs rks vius nkfgus gkFk ls bl
rjg ls nsa fd ck;sa gkFk dks Hkh [kcj rd u gksus ik;sA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
lnd+k] uekt+] jkst+k vkSj nqljs uSdh ds dke tks QtZ+ ugh gSa ftrus Hkh
e[+Qh rkSj ij gks T+;knk vQt+y gaS fd iks'khnk rkSj ls fd;k tk, vkSj
tks okftc vkSj QtZ+ gS mudks ,ykfuvk ¼t+kfgj½ fd;k tk,A veh:y
eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS
fd [kSjkr ls chekjh] isV dk nnZ] M+qcuk] ty tkuk] nhokj VqVus ls nc
tkuk vkSj tquwu ox+Sjg xt+Z dqy flRrj cyk,a nQk gks tkrh gSaA beke
ckfd+jv-l- us Qjek;k fd cuh bLjkbZy esa ,d nkSyrean 'k[l Fkk vkSj
mldk ,d gh bdykSrk Qjtan Fkk ftlls og cgqr eksgCcr djrk Fkk
tc og toku gks x;k rks mlus vius HkkbZ dh yM+dh ls mldk fudkg
dj fn;k tc jkr gqbZ rks [okc esa mldks fdlh us dgk fd rqEgkjk ;g
yM+dk vkt dh jkr tc og viuh choh ds ikl tk,xk rks ej tk,xkA
bl [+kcj ls ml 'k[+l dks 'knhn x+e gqvk mlus ml [+okc dks Nqik;k
368
vkSj ft+QkQ ¼igyh jkr dh eqykd+kr½ ds eqrkfYyd+ Vky eVksy djus
yxkA gRrk fd [kqn mldh vkSjr vkSj [kqn yM+dk vkSj yM+dh ds eka cki
us f'kn~nr ¼l[rh½ ls bljkj ¼ft+n½ fd;k tc mlds fy;s dksbZ pkjk u
jgk rks mlus bfLr[kkjk ¼Qky fudkyuk½ fd;k vkSj vius fny esa dgk
fd 'kk;n ;g 'kSrku dh gjdr gS mlus ;g le>dj vius yM+ds dks
mldh choh ds ikl Hkst fn;k vkSj ml jkr [kqn uekt+ o nqvk esa e'kx+wy
gks x;k vkSj bfUrt+kj djus yxk dh mlds yM+ds dk vatke D;k gksrk
gS\ ;gka rd fd tc lqcg gks xbZ rks og vius yM+ds ds ikl x;k rks
mldks fugk;r mEnk gky esa ik;k mlus [+kqnk dk 'kqØ vnk fd;k tc
jkr gqbZ rks mldks [okc esa dgus okys us dgk fd rqEgkjs yM+ds us lkby
ds lkFk tks usdh dh Fkh mldh otg ls vYykg rvkyk us mldh cyk
o ekSr dks Vky fn;k gS tc lqcg gqbZ rks og fQj vius yM+ds ds ikl
x;k vkSj mlls dgk fd tkus finj D;k rqus fdlh lkby ds lkFk ml
jkr dks ftlesa rq igyh ckj viuh choh ls feyk Fkk dksbZ usd dke fd;k
Fkk\ yM+ds us dgk fd ml loky ls vkidks D;k ed+ln gS mlus dgk
fd eq>s rqe crkvksA mlus yM+ds ls bljkj fd;k vkSj mldks dgk fd
rqedks vly fd+Llk crkuk gh iM+sxkA yM+ds us dgk fd vPNk rks lqfu,
& tc ge yksxks dks [kkuk f[kykus ls Qkfjx gks pqds rks ml oD+r cgqr
lk Qkft+y [kkuk cpk gqvk Fkk tc esjh choh esjs ikl vkbZ vkSj eSa mlds
lkFk rf[y;k ¼rUgkbZ½ esa gqvk vkSj mlls d+jhc gqvk fd brus esa ,d
lkby us njokt+s ij vkokt+ nh fd , ,gys edku! [+kqnk us rqedks jkst+h
nh gS mlls gekjh enn djksA il eaS ml lkby ds ikl x;k vkSj mldk
gkFk idM+ dj vanj ys vk;k vkSj [kkuk is'k fd;k vkSj eSaus mlls dgk
fd th Hkj dj [kkvks og [kkdj lsjkc gks x;k rks eSaus mlls iqNk fd D;k
rqEgkjs choh cPps Hkh gS mlus dgk fd gka rks eSaus dgk fd blesa ls ftruk
pkgks rqe ys tk ldrs gksA pqukapk og viuh rkd+r ds eqrkfcd+ [kkuk ys
x;k vkSj og vius ?kj pyk x;k vkSj eaS viuh choh ds ikl okfil
vk;kA cki us tc ;g fd+Llk lquk rks [+kqnk dh gEn o luk dh vkSj vius
yM+ds dks iwjk [okc dg lquk;k A
beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius ,d erZck eDdk
eqvT+t+ek ds dcwrjks ij ut+j Mky dj Qjek;k fd , yksxks! rqe dks
[kcj gS fd ;g dcwrj gje ikd esa D;kas vkckn gq, gaS yksxks us dgk fd
369
, Qjtans jlwys D;k lcc gS\ vki us Qjek;k fd vxys t+ekus esa ,d
'k[l ds ?kj esa ,d [ktwj dk nj[r Fkk ftlds rus esa ,d dcwrj us
?kksalyk cuk j[kk Fkk tc ml dcwrj ds cPps iSnk gksrs rks og 'k[l ml
nj[r ij p<+dj mu cPpks dks idM+rk vkSj ft+Cgk dj MkyrkA ,d
t+ekus rd ,slk gh djrk jgkA ml dcwrj dh dksbZ uLy ckd+h u jghA
ml dcwrj us ml 'k[l dh bl gjdr dh ckjxkgs bykgh esa f'kdk;r
dh rks mldks ;g tokc feyk fd vxj bl lky ;g 'k[l nj[r ij
p<+sxk vkSj cPPkks dks idM+sxk rks fxj dj ej tk,xkA pqukapk tc cPps
cM+s gks x;s vkSj og 'k[l cPpks dks idM+us ds fy;s nj[kr ij p<+k rks
dcwrj ns[kus yxk fd vc bl 'k[l ds lkFk D;k gksrk gS tc og vk/
ks rus rd igqap x;k rks ,d lkby njokts ij [kM+k gks x;k vkSj mlus
mrj dj ml lkby dks dqN fn;kA fQj p<+k vkSj cPpks dks idM+dj
yk;k vkSj ftCgk dj Mkyk vkSj mldks dqN Hkh ugh gqvkA dcwrj us fQj
ckjxkgs bykgh esa vtZ+ fd;k fd ijojfnxkj ;g D;k bUlkQ gS \ mldks
tokc fn;k x;k fd ml 'k[l us [kSjkr nsdj vius u¶l dks cpk fy;k
mldh eqlhcr nQk gks xbZA jgk rq rks rsjh uLy dks Hkh [+kqnk oan rvkyk
T+;knk iSnk djsxk vkSj rsjh uLy dks ,sls 'kgj esa vkckn djsxk fd tgka
d+;ker rd dksbZ rdyhQ u gksxh pqukapk ml dcwrj dks gje esa ykdj
vkckn dj fn;k x;k vkSj ;g mldh uLy gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd
lkby [+kqnk dk d+kfln gksrk gSA vxj fdlh us mldks dqN fn;k rks xks;k
mlus [+kqnk dks fn;k gS vkSj vxj okil ykSVk fn;k rks xks;k mlus [+kqnk
dks ykSVk fn;k gSA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd lkby vk;s rks
mldks ,d [ktwj gh nsdj okil dj nksA [kkyh gkFk okil u djks vkSj
?kksM+s ij Hkh p<+ vk;s rks lkby dks nks vkSj [kkl dj jkr ds oD+r lkby
vkSjr gks ;k enZ mldks fcYdqy [kkyh gkFk u tkus nks D;ksafd dHkh og
'k[l ekaxrk gS tks u rks ftUuks esa ls gS u bUlkuks eas ls cfYd [+kqnk rks
mlds t+jh;s rqEgkjh nkSyr T+;knk djuk pkgrk gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- us ,d erZck vkius cSrqy'kjQ dh ,d ykSaMh ls
Qjek;k fd rqe yksx dHkh fdlh lkby dks okil u djukA ml oD+r
vkidh f[kner eas tks yksx gkft+j Fks muesa ls fdlh us vt+Z fd;k fd ,
Qjtans jlwy cvt+ oD+r ,sls yksx Hkh loky djrs gS tks mlds ,gy
370
¼yk;d+½ ugh gksrs vkius Qjek;k fd vxj ge viuh le> ds eqrkfcd+
dHkh ,sls 'k[l dks okfil Hkh dj nsa tks eqLrgd+ ugh gS rks gedks bldk
[kkSQ jgrk gS fd dgha geus eqLrgd+ dks rks okil ugh dj fn;k gSA ,slk
vxj geus fd;k rks tks gky gt+jr ;kdwcv-l- dk gqvk Fkk ogh gky gekjk
Hkh gksxkA vkils iqNk x;k fd , Qjt+Uns jlwy ;kdwcv]l] dk D;k gky
gqvk Fkk c;ku Qjekb;s vkius Qjek;k fd ,d uch ;kdwcvl- ds njokt+s
ij [kM+s gq, tks vius gky dks Nqikrs Fks og nqfu;k dekus dh dksf'k'k ugh
djrs Fks exj tc mudks l[r Hkw[k yxrh Fkh rks og vfEc;k o lkysghu
ds njokts ij vkdj muls loky djrs Fks tc mudks viuh tku cpkus
ftruk [kkus dks fey tkrk rks fQj T+;knk loky u djrsA pqukapk viuh
vknr ds eqrkfcd+ ,d jkr ;kdwcv-l- ds njokts ij og lkby cudj
vk;s vkSj nsj rd [kM+s [kM+s loky djrs jgs exj ?kj ds yksx bruk
x+kfQy gks x, fd u dqN nsrs Fks u mudks okil djrs FksA ;gka rd dh
Hkw[k dh f'kn~nr ds ekjs mudks bruk t+vQ ¼det+ksj½ gks x;k fd og
t+ehu ij x+'k [kkdj fxj x;s fdlh xqt+jus okys us mudks bl gky esa
ns[kk rks mudks dqN f[kyk fiykdj gksf'k;kj fd;k vkSj fQj og uch
okil pys x,A blh jkr dks [okc esa fdlh vkus okys us dgk fd ,
;kdwcvl- [+kqnk dk lkfgcs bT+t+r o djker uch rqEgkjs njokts ij vkdj
loky djrk gS rks rqe vkSj rqEgkjs ?kj okys mlls eqag fQjkrs gksA gkykafd
rqe ij [+kqnk dk Qt+y o dje cs&bfUrgk gS , ;kdwcv-l- rqedks [+kqnk
,slh lt+k nsxk fd rqe vkus okyh uLyks ds fy;s ;knxkj cu tkvksxsA
tc lqcg gqbZ rks ;kdwcv-l- cgqr ?kcjk, pqukapk mlh fnu ;kdwcvl- ds
Qjtan vk, vkSj ;wlqQv-l- dks vius gejkg ys tkus dh [kqOkkfg'k t+kfgj
dh ;wlqQvl- gt+jr ;kdwcv-l- ds cgqr pgsrs Fks pqukapk mudks [+kqnk ds
vt+kc dk [kVdk gqvk] vkSj og le> x;s fd [+kqnk dk oknk ;wlqQ ds
t+fj;s iwjk gksxk mUgksus ;wlqQv-l- vkSj muds HkkbZ;ks ls tks dqN dgk og
ekywe o e'kgwj gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- us ;wlqQv-l- dk iwjk fd+Llk lquk;kA
ftldks ge us ;gka eq[rflj dj fn;k gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ds ikl rhu fd+Le ds yksx vk;s muesa ls ,d us dgk
fd [+kqnk ds jlwy esjs ikl lkS vksfd+;k lksuk gS ftlesa ls nl vksfd+;k
crkSj lnd+k vkidh f[kner esa yk;k gqaA nwljs 'k[l us dgk fd , [+kqnk
371
ds jlwy esjs ikl lkaS nhukj gSa mleas ls chl nhukj lnd+k djrk gqaA
rhljk vk;k mlus dgk fd , jlwy esjs ikl flQZ nl gh nhukj gS muesa
ls esa ,d nhukj lnd+k djrk gqaA vkius mu rhuks dh rjQ ns[kdj
Qjek;k fd rqe eas ls gj ,d dks cjkcj lokc feysxkA D;kasfd rqe esa ls
gj ,d us vius vius eky dk nloka fgLlk lnd+k fd;k gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius vk;rs djhek %
;k v;~;qgy yt+hu% vkeuw vufQdw feu r;~f;ckfr ek dlcrqe o
feEek v[kjtuk ydqe feuy vjfn oyk r;Eeeqy [kchl% feugks rqufQdwu
(3&2@267)vkius Qjek;k fd tc yksx 'kq: esa bLyke yk;s rks muds ikl lwn ds
dkQh :i;s Fks vkSj [kjkc nkSyr Hkh Fkh yksx ml eky o nkSyr esa ls
lnd+k djrs Fks pqukaps [+kqnk oan rvkyk us et+dwjk vk;rs djhek esa mudks
bl gjdr ls euk Qjek;k gSA
beke gqlSuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkids ut+nhd tc cuh me;~;k
ls ,d 'k[l dk rt+fdjk fd;k x;k fd mlus dkQh eky [kSjkr fd;k
gS rks vkius Qjek;k fd mldh felky ml 'k[l dh lh gS ftlus fdlh
gt djus okys dh jde ekj yh gS vkSj ml pksjh ds eky esa ls lnd+k
djrk gS lnd+k rks vius ilhus dh dekbZ ds eky ls gksrk gSA vkSj ftl
dekbZ ls mldk psgjk fxnZ vkywn gks tk, rks ml dekbZ ls lnd+k djuk
gd+hd+r esa lnd+k gS tSlk fd vyhv-l- lnd+k djrs Fks vkSj vki gh dh
rjg tks nwljs yksx lnd+k djrs FksA
eqLrgd+ t+dkr dks t+dkr u nsus dh ckcr rxyht+ oeqLrgd+ t+dkr dks t+dkr u nsus dh ckcr rxyht+ oeqLrgd+ t+dkr dks t+dkr u nsus dh ckcr rxyht+ oeqLrgd+ t+dkr dks t+dkr u nsus dh ckcr rxyht+ oeqLrgd+ t+dkr dks t+dkr u nsus dh ckcr rxyht+ o
r'knnqn ¼Hkwy vkSj l[rh½r'knnqn ¼Hkwy vkSj l[rh½r'knnqn ¼Hkwy vkSj l[rh½r'knnqn ¼Hkwy vkSj l[rh½r'knnqn ¼Hkwy vkSj l[rh½
beke TkkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj veh:y eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls
372
fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-vo- us Qjek;k fd d+;ker ml oD+r vk,xh
tc uekt+ crkSj ,glku trkus ds fy, i<+h tk,xhA vkSj vekur dks
ekys x+uher le>k tk,xk vkSj t+dkr dks crkSj tqZekuk vnk fd;k
tk,xkA vkius ckd+h gnhl dks rwy ¼foLrkj½ ds lkFk c;ku Qjek;kA
blh vLukn ¼lcwr½ ls ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
ijojfnxkj us yksxks esa tks ekynkj gS mu ij mruh gh t+dkr QtZ+ dh
gS fd tks muds Qd+hjksa vkSj eksgrktksa dks dkQh gks tk, vkSj Qqd+jkv]
gykd vkSj uaxs Hkw[ks jgrs gSa rks mu ekynkjksa ds t+dkr can dj nsus dh
otg ls [+kqnk oans rvkyk muls bldk fglkc d+;ker ds fnu ysxk vkSj
og mudks l[r vt+kc esa eqfCryk djsxkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd [+kqnk oans
rvkyk us ekynkjksa ds vEkoky esa Qqd+jkv ds okLrs bruk gh nsuk QtZ+
fd;k gS tks eksgrktksa ds fy;s dkQh gks ldsA vxj [+kqnk dks ;g ekywe
gksrk fd tks mlus ekynkjks ij QtZ+ fd;k gS og dkQh u gksxk rks [+kqnk
mu ij T+;knk t+dkr nsuk QtZ+ o okftc dj nsrk ysfdu [+kqnk dks rks
drbZ ;g ekywe Fkk fd mlus tks QtZ+ fd;k gS og dkQh gSA Qqd+jkv dks
tks Hkh[k nh tkrh gS og bl otg ls fd ekynkj vkius gqdwd+ dks vnk
ugh djrs vkSj tks fn;k tkrk gS muds eky esa ls ugh fn;k tkrk gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- ls vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us euk
Qjek;k gS fd dksbZ 'k[l vius beke ls vius eky dh t+dkr dks u
Nqik;s bldk Nqikuk fuQkd+ dh vyker ¼fu'kkuh½ gSA
oyhn fcu lchg ls fjok;r gS mUgkasus dgk fd eq>s 'kgkc us ,d
erZck dgk fd eaS jkr esa vthc vthc Mjkous [okc ns[krk jgrk gqaA eq>s
[okc esa ,d vkSjr ut+j vkrh gS tks eq>dks Mjkrh gS rqe beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls mlds ckjs es a iqNksA pqukapk eS aus beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+vl- ls iqNk rks vkius Qjek;k fd ;g ml 'k[l dk [okc
gS tks vius eky dh t+dkr vnk ugh djrk gS eSaus tc bldh bfRrykv
'kgkc dks nh rks mUgksus dgk fd [+kqnk dh d+le eSa rks t+dkr vnk dj
nsrk gaqA eSaus fQj bldh [kcj lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenl-v-o- dks nh vkius
Qje;k fd vxj t+dkr nsrk gS rks og ftls t+dkr nsuk pkfg;s mldks
ugh nsrk gksxk eaSus tc 'kgkc ls dgk rks mUgkasus dgk fd beke
373
tvQ#Llkfnd+vl- us lp Qjek;k gSA
eqlyekuks dks bl ckr ij bfRRkQkd+ gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- reke
eqlyekukas ls muds vEkoky dh t+dkr o lnd+kr olwy Qjek;k djrs
Fks vkSj mudks ml jkg esa [kpZ Qjekrs Fks ftl jkg esa [kpZ djus dk gqDe
[+kqnk us mUgas fn;k FkkA dqjku bl ckr dks c;ku djrk gS [+kqnk oans
rvkyk us vius iSX+kEcjl-v-o- ls f[krkc djds Qjek;k gS fd %
[kqt+ feu veokfyfge ln%dru rqrgfg:gqe o rqt+Ddhfge fcgk
11&9@102
rtZqek % rqe muds eky dh t+dkr yks vkSj mldh cnksyr mudks ¼xqukgks
ls½ ikd lkQ djksA
eqlyekuksa dk bl ckr ij Hkh bfRrQkd+ gS fd bl vk;rs djhek
esa ßlnd+krß ls eqjkn t+dkr gh gS vkSj reke eqlyekuksa dk bl ckr ij
Hkh bfRrQkd+ gS fd jlwys vdjel]v]o] dh oQkr ls t+dkr dk Qt+Z muls
ejQwv ¼[kRe½ ugh gqvk gS cfYd mu ij okftc gS fd og vki ds ckn
tks beke ekStwn gks mldks t+dkr vnk djsaA pqukapk eqlyekuksa us
bfCrnk&,&f[kykQr ds t+ekus esa bl ij vey Hkh fd;k FkkA og
vbEer rkfgjhuv-l ds gqdwd+ dks xT+c djus okyksa vkSj mudh txg esa cSB
tkus okyks dks t+dkr nsrs FksA vkSj tc mUgksus ns[kk fd muds t+kfye
beke t+dkr dk eky ckaV [kkrs gS vkSj mldks viuk gh gd+ le>rs gS
rks fQj og mudks viuk beke ekurs jgs ysfdu ftl d+nz Hkh eqefdu
gqvk mu t+kfyehu x+kflchu dks vius vEkoky dh t+dkr nsuk can dj
fn;kA bl rjg vey esa vthc o x+jhc rukdqt+ ¼fojks/kh½ ik;k tkrk gS
tks vD+yeanks ls e[Qh ugh gSA og ;g gS fd vxj muds t+kfye beke
muds ut+nhd beke Fks rks mudks t+dkr can u dj nsuk pkfg;s FkkA mu
ij rks flQZ vnk dj nsuk QtZ+ FkkA tSlk fd mu ij [+kqnk us t+dkr nsuk
QtZ+ d+jkj fn;k FkkA mu ij bl ckr dh ft+Eesnkfj;k¡ ugh gS tks [+kqnk
us mu bekeks dh xjnu esa t+dkr dks mlds eqLrgd+hu ¼gd+nkj½ esa
rD+lhe djus dk d+yknk ¼Qank½ igu j[kk gSA D;kasfd t+dkr vnk djus
ds ckn rks mudh ftEesnkjh [kRe gks tkrh gSA vc vxj muds ut+nhd+
lgh ekuks esa og muds beke gS rks ;g mudk QtZ+ gS fd og t+dkr dks
374
ftl jkg esa [+kqnk us [kpZ djus dk gqDe fn;k gS ml jkg esa [kpZ djs vkSj
vxj muds ut+nhd+ og vbEek cj&gd+ ugh gS rks mudks beke dh
ryk'k djuh pkfg;s vkSj muds lkFk jguk pkfg;s vkSj mUgh dks t+dkr
o lnd+k nsuk pkfg;sA rkfd og ml eky ls ftls [+kqnk us okftc
Qjek;k gS mu yksxks ds f[kykQ bLrseky djsA ftUgksaus mu ij tqYe
fd;k gS vkSj mudk gd+ x+Lc dj fy;k gSA vkSj mUgs vbEek cj&gd+ dks
vbEek t+kfyehu ds f[kykQ enn djuh pkfg;s vkSj muds gejkg ftgkn
djuk pkfg;s tSlk fd [+kqnk oans rvkyk us Qjek;k gS fd vius tku o
eky ls ftgkn djksA pqukapk mldk rjhd+k jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us yksxks dks
crk;k Fkk mudks t+dkr ds jkLrs dh rjQ jsguqekbZ dh Fkh vEkyu ;g
crkdj fd t+dkr dk [kkuk [kqn vkil-v-o- vkSj vkids ,gys cSrv]l] ij
gjke gS rkfd yksx t+dkr ds flyflys esa fdlh fd+Le dh [k;kur ls
fcYdqy csfQØ jgs D;kasfd vkil-v-o- vkSj vkids ckn vgys cSrs jlwyv]l]
t+dkr ds eky esa ls t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh [kk ugh ldrs Fks vkSj blfy;s fd
t+dkr ds eky esa ls t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh [kkuk muds fy;s gyky o okftc
ugh gSA
fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us beke gqlSuv-l- dks ns[kk
fd mUgksus t+dkr ds eky esa ls ,d [ktwj eqag esa Mky fy;k gS og ml
oD+r ,d NksVs cPps FksA fQj Hkh vki us ml [ktwj dks vkids eqag ls
yqvkc ¼ykj½ ds lkFk ckgj fudky fy;k vkSj mldks okfil t+dkr ds
eky esa nkf[ky dj fn;k vkSj ;g Qjek;k fd ge vgys cSrvl- ij t+dkr
dk [kkuk gjke gSA bU'kk vYykg ge iwjk fd+Llk vkbank c;ku djsaxsA
et+dwjk vLkukn ls jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k
fd lcls igys tUur esa 'kghn nkf[ky gksxk vkSj og t+j&[kjhn xqyke
nkf[ky gksaxs ftlus vius jc dh [kwc bcknr dh gksxh vkSj vius ekfyd
dh [kSj [okgh esa jgk gksxk vkSj tUur esa og lkfgcs vkSykn nkf[ky gksxk
tks ikd nkeu vkSj ck&v[kykd+ FkkA vkSj lcls igys nkst+[k esa og
vehj nkf[ky gksxk tks vny ugh djrk Fkk vkSj og ekynkj tks vius
eky dh t+dkr ugh vnk djrk Fkk vkSj Qkftj ¼cndkj½ o cn&v[kykd+
'k[lA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg dh dqN
,slh bfUrd+ke ysus okyh txg gS tgka mu yksxks dks ns ekjk tk,xk
375
ftUgksus vius eky dh t+dkr nsuk can dj fn;k Fkk il og ml eky dks
mlh t+ehuks ij [kpZ djsaxsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk us ml
mEer ij t+dkr ls T+;knk nq'okj vkSj l[r rjhu pht+ QtZ+ ugh dh gSA
mlds can dj nsus dh otg ls mEer ds voke gykd gksrs gS vkius bl
vk;rs djhek ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd %
gRrk bt+k tkv% vgngqeqy ekSrks d+ky% jfCcj ftÅu yvYyh vveyks
lkfygu Qhek rjd&rks 18&23@99&100
rtqZek % ;gka rd fd tc muesa ls fdlh dks ekSr vkbZ rks dgus yxs fd
ijojfnxkj rq eq>s ¼,d ckj½ bl ed+ke ¼nqfu;k½ esa ftls eSa NksM+ vk;k
gq¡ fQj okil dj ns rkfd ¼vc dh nQk½ vPNs vPNs dke d:¡A
blls ml 'k[l dh eqjkn ;g gS fd nqfu;k esa okil tkdj vius
eky dh t+dkr vnk dj vk,A
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd ftlds ikl
eky T+;knk tek gks tkrk gS vkSj og ml eky dk gd+ ;kfu t+dkr vnk
ugh djrk rks mldk ;g eky d+;ker ds jkst+ lkai cudj mldks
MlsxkA
vkius Qjek;k fd tks t+dkr vnk ugh djrk mldh uekt+
ed+cwy ugh gksxh jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dk b'kkZn gS fd uekt+ eky dh t+dkr
vnk djus ls gh eqdfEey gksrh gSA vkSj da+twlh ds lkFk [kSjkr ed+cwy
ugh gSA vkSj tks 'k[l t+dkr vnk ugh djrk mldh uekt+ ed+cwy ugh
gksrh vkSj tks t+ksgn o rd+ok ugh j[krk mldh Hkh t+dkr ed+cwy u
gksxhA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls fdlh us iqNk , iSXkEcjs [+kqnkl-v-o- vYykg rvkyk
dk ;g bj'kkn gS fd %
o oSyqy fyyeq'kfjdhuy yt+hu% yk ;qrwut+ t+dkr% o gqe fcy vkf[kjfr
gqe dkfQ:u 24&41@6 rtqZek % vkSj eq'kfjdwu ij vQlksl gS tks
t+dkr ugh nsrs vkSj vkf[kjr ds Hkh d+kby ughA vkius Qjek;k fd bl
376
vk;r esa [+kqnk us eq'kfjdhu dks evrwc ¼f[krkc½ ugh fd;k gSA D;k rqeus
;g vk;r ugh i<+h %
QoSyqy fyyeqlYyhuy yt+hu% gqe vu lykfrfge lkgquy yt+hu% gqe
;qjkÅu% o ;e uÅuy ekÅu 30&104@4&7A
rtqZek % mu uekft+;kas dh rckgh gS tks viuh uekt+ ls xkfQy jgrs gS
tks fn[kkus ds okLrs djrs gS vkSj t+dkr ugh nsrsA
lquks! ;gka ekÅu ls eqjkn t+dkr gSA blds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd
[kcjnkj d+le gS ml t+kr ikd dh ftlds d+Cts esa eksgEenl-v-o- dh
tku gSA eq'kfjd ds flok dksbZ vkSj 'k[l [+kqnk ds eky esa t+dkr dh
[k;kur ugh djrkA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k
fd ekÅu ls QtZ+ t+dkr eqjkn gSA t+dkr dk u vnk djus okyk] lwn
[kkus okys ds cjkcj gS vkSj tks 'k[l vius eky dh t+dkr vnk ugh
djrk og eqlyeku gh ugh gSA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us t+dkr u vnk djus
okyks ij vkSj lwn[kksj 'k[l ij ykvur Hksth gSA vkSj bl fjok;r dh
rkbZn bl ckr ls gksrh gS fd t+dkr u vnk djus okyk eq'kfjd gS vkSj
;g fjok;r jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls ejoh gS vkSj blds lcwr ds fy, [+kqnk dk
;g b'kkZn dkQh gS fd %
Qbt+u ly[ky v'kgq:y gq:eks Qd+rqyqy eq'kfjdhu% gSlks otn
rqewgqe o [kqt+wgqe oglq:gqe od+mnw ygqe dqYy% ejlfnu Qbu rkcw o
vd+keql lykr% o vkrqt+ t+dkr% Q[kYyw lchygqe (10&9@5)rtZqek % fQj tc gqjer ds ¼pkjks½ eghuas xqt+j tk;sa rks eq'kfjdks dks tgka
ikvks ¼cs rkEeqy½ d+Ry dj nksA fQj vxj og yksx ¼vc Hkh f'kjd ls½s
377
ckt+ vk,a vkSj uekt+ i<+us yxsa vkSj t+dkr nsa rks mudh jkg NksM+ nksA
vkSj nwljh txg b'kkZn gS fd %
Qbu rkcw o vd+keql lykr% o vkrqt+ t+dkr% Q b[kokuqdqe fQn~nhu
(10&9@10)rtqZek % ¼vxj vc Hkh f'kjd ls½ rkSck djs vkSj uekt+ i<+us yxs vkSj
t+dkr ns rks og rqEgkjs nhuh HkkbZ gS il [+kqnk oan rvkyk us ml oD+r
rd fdlh rkSck djus okys dh rkSck vkSj fdlh eq'kfjd dk bLyke d+cwy
ugh fd;k tc rd fd mlus uekt+ ugh i<+h vkSj t+dkr u vnk dhA
reke eqlyekuksa dk bl ckr ij bfRrQkd+ gS fd vxj fdlh us
t+dkr ds QtZ+ dk bUdkj djrs gq, mls vnk ugh fd;k rks og fcyk 'kd
o 'kqcg eq'kfjd gSA beke cj gd+ ds lkFk feydj mlls ft+gkn fd;k
tk, vkSj mldks d+Ry fd;k tk, mldh vkSykn dks d+Sn fd;k tk,A
mlds lkFk eq'kfjd dk lk lqywd fd;k tk,A pqukapk blh otg ls
eqlyekukas us cuh guhQk dk [kwu gyky fd;k FkkA D;ksafd mUgkasus gt+jr
vcw cdj dks t+dkr nsuk can dj fn;k FkkA exj og 'k[l eq'kfjd ugh
gS tks ,sls 'k[l dks t+dkr u nsrk gks tks beke ugh gS vkSj u og ,slk
gS ftldks t+dkr ysus ij beke gd+ us eqd+jZj fd;k gSA vxj ,sls beke
dks dksbZ t+dkr u ns rks og jkgs lokc ij gSA ;g lc ckrsa mlh 'k[l
ij ykft+e vkrh gSA
vkSj mlh 'k[l ds lkFk ftgkn fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj ,sls
eq'kfjdhu ds t+qEkjs esa 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gS tks ,gys t+dkr dks
t+dkr u nsrk gks vkSj muds gd+ vkSj t+dkr ds QtZ+ dk bUdkj djrk
gksA
pk¡nh lksuk vkSj tokfgj dh t+dkr dk c;kupk¡nh lksuk vkSj tokfgj dh t+dkr dk c;kupk¡nh lksuk vkSj tokfgj dh t+dkr dk c;kupk¡nh lksuk vkSj tokfgj dh t+dkr dk c;kupk¡nh lksuk vkSj tokfgj dh t+dkr dk c;ku
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- ls vkSj vki ds vkck , fdjke vkSj ekSykuk vyhv-l- ls fjok;r
gS vkius Qjek;k fd jlwys [+kqnklvo- gekjs ikl r'kjhQ yk;s vkSj t+dkr
378
dk ft+dz djrs gq, Qjek;k fd nlosa fgLls dk pkSFkk fgLlk t+dkr vnk
djks ;kfu 20 feld+ky eas ls fuLQ ¼vk/kk½ feld+ky vnk djks vkSj
20feld+ky ls de gksus dh fed+nkj esa dqN Hkh t+dkr okftc ugh gSA
;g vkil-v-o- us lksus dh t+dkr ds ckjs esa Qjek;k FkkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls lnd+kr ¼;kfu t+dkr½ ds ckjs esa
iqNk x;k rks vki us Qjek;k fd lksuk tc chl 20 feld+ky gks tk, rks
blesa ls fuLQ feld+ky t+dkr vnk djuk pkfg;sA vxj chl feld+ky
ls de gks rks ml ij dqN t+dkr okftc ugh gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k gS fd chl nhukj esa
ls fuLQ nhukj t+dkr okftc gSA vxj chl ls de gks rks dqN t+dkr
okftc ugh gS vkSj vxj chl ls T+;knk gks rks ftruk Hkh T+;knk gks mlds
eqrkfcd+ nlos fgLls dk pkSFkk fgLlk t+dkr nsuk pkfg;sA
vkius Qjek;k fd tc jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us eq>s ;eu Hkstk Fkk rks
vkius Qjek;k fd tc rqe ogka yksxks ls feyks rks muls dguk fd D;k
rqe vius vEkoky dh t+dkr viuh rgkjr ds fy, vnk djuk pkgrs gks]
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us iwjh gnhl c;ku Qjek;h vkSj dgk fd mlds
ckn vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd gj nks lkS fnjge ij ikap fnjge
t+dkr okftc gS ysfdu nks lkS ls de gks rks t+dkr okftc ugh gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls Hkh ;gh fjok;r gS vkius
Qjek;k fd nks lkS fnjge iwjs u gks rks t+dkr okftc ugh gS vkSj nks lkS
fnjge gks rks ikap fnjge t+dkr okftc gSA blds ckn ftruk T+;knk gks
mlesa nlos dk pkSFkk fgLlk t+dkr okftc gS vkSj ftlds ikl lksuk chl
nhukj ls de gks pkanh chl fnjge ls de gks rks ml ij t+dkr okftc
ugh gS mldks lksuk vkSj pkanh ckge feykuk okftc ugh gSA D;kasfd [+kqnk
oan rvkyk us nksuks ds njfe;ku QdZ+ j[kk gSA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us okt+sg
dj fn;k gS fd tc rd lksuk ;k pkanh bruh fed+nkj esa u gks tks buds
fy;s gn eqd+jZj dh xbZ gS rks ml oD+r rd mu nksuks dh t+dkr okftc
ugh gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd dksbZ
'k[l ftl ij lksus dh t+dkr nsuk okftc gS vxj mldh d+her ds
cjkcj pkanh ns rks mlesa dksbZ gt+Z dh ckr ugh gS blh rjg pkanh ds ,ot+
379
mldh d+her ds eqrkfcd+ lksuk ns rks dksbZ gt+Z ugh gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd tks
t+sojkr igus tkrs gSA mu ij t+dkr okftc ugh gS nksuks bekekas dh eqjkn
mu ts+ojkr ls gS tks iguus ds fy;s cuk, x;s gSA tSls vkSjrksa ds ts+ojkr
vkSj ryokj ox+Sjg vkSj t+dkr ls cpus ds fy;s ts+ojkr u cuk, tk;sa
vkSj u bl ed+ln ls [kjhns tk,a fd mldh t+dkr vnk u djuk iM+s
,slk djuk fdlh 'k[l ds fy;s Hkh tk;t+ vkSj nq:Lr ugh gS vxj fdlh
us bl xtZ+ ls t+sojkr cuk;s vkSj [kjhnsa rks mu t+sojkr ij t+dkr okftc
gksxh vkSj ftu ts+ojkr dh [kjhn o Qjks[r dh tkrh gS ;k fdlh ds ikl
,sls t+sojkr gS tks iguus ds fy;s ugh gS rks mu ij Hkh t+dkr okftc
gksxhA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkr
dh pht+ksa ij ml oD+r t+dkr okftc gksrh gS tcfd ml oD+r ls ,d
lky dh eqír xqt+j tk;s tc ls fd ml pht+ ij t+dkr dh fed+nkj iwjh
gksrh gSA il tc rd eqír iwjh u gqbZ gks t+dkr okftc ugh gSA vlukn
et+dwj ds eqrkfcd+ eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us eksrh] ;kdwr] vkSj
tokfgjkr ls t+dkr lkfd+r dj nh gS c'krZs fd mudh frtkjr ¼O;kikj½
djuk ed+lwn u gksA Tkokfgjkr dk ekeyk Hkh ,slk gh gS tSlk fd geus
ts+ojkr ds eqrkfYyd+ Åij c;ku fd;k gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd vEcj
vkSj og eksrh tks nfj;k ls fudkys tkrs gS] mu nksuksa esa ls [kqeql ¼ikapok
fgLlk½ ysuk okftc gS D;kasfd ;g nksukas pht+sa nwljs vEkoky gh dh rjg
gSA [kku ls fudyh gqbZ /kkrq vkSj iqjkus [kt+kuksa dh ckcr Qjek;k fd
nksukas esa ls [kqeql fy;k tk, ckd+h dk fgLlk mldk gS ftldh tehu ;k
?kj esa ls og fudyk gks vkSj vxj [kt+kuk vHkh u;k gks vkSj ?kj ds yksx
mlds nkosnkj gks rks og mUgas ns fn;k tk,A
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls lksus] pk¡nh] yksgk] lhlk vkSj rkacs dh [knkuks ds
eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd bu lc ij [kqeql okftc gSA
vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd tc nhukj ;k lksuk] fnjge ;k pk¡nh Tk;~;n
¼'kq)½ ls de rj gks rks mu ij t+dkr okftc gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqfeuhu vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
?kjsyw ukSdjks edkukr vkSj iguus ds diM+ks vkSj ?kjsyw lkt+ks&lkeku dh
380
t+dkr ekQ dj nh gSA c'krsZ fd mudh frtkjr ed+lwn u gksA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd tks lkt+ks&lkeku cxt+Z frtkjr fy;k
x;k Fkk vkSj vc mldh pkgs vly d+her feyrh gks ;k T+;knk feyrh
gksA vxj ,d lky dh eqír xqt+j tk, vkSj mlus bldks Qjks[r u
fd;k rks ml ij t+dkr okftc gSA vkSj vxj ckt+kj fxj tkus dh otg
ls mldh vly d+her gkFk u vkrh gks rks ml oD+r t+dkr u ns tc
rd fd mls Qjks[r u dj nsA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us Qjek;k fd
;rhe vkSj nhokus ds eky ij t+dkr okftc ugh gSA c'krsZ fd muds
ljek;k ls dksbZ dke u fd;k tkrk gks bLrseky dh lwjr esa t+dkr
okftc gksxhA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us d+tZ+ ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd fdlh
'k[l dk nwljs 'k[l ij d+t+Z gks vkSj tc pkgs fcyk fdlh [k+qlwer
¼>xM+k½ ds ys ldrk gks rks fQj og mlds nwljs reke vEkoky dh rjg
gS mldks t+dkr vnk djuk okftc gS vkSj vxj ml dt+Z ds okil
feyus dk bed+ku ¼eqefdu½ [k+qlwer gh ls gks rks mldh t+dkr ml ij
okftc gksxh ftlds ikl d+tZ+ dh jde gSA vkSj ;gh lwjr eky xk;c dh
gSA vkSj ;gh lwjr vkSjr ds esgj dh gS tks mlds 'kkSgj ij okftcqy vnk
gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
ftl eky ls Qk;nk fy;k tk, tc rd ml ij ,d lky u xqt+j tk;s
t+dkr okftc ugh gSA gkykafd og eky ,sls 'k[l ds ikl gks ftlds
eky ij t+dkr okftc gksrh gS rks og ml eky dks Hkh vius eky esa
'kkfey djs tc t+dkr dh eqír iqjh gks tk, rks mldh t+dkr vnk djsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd eqd+kfrc xqyke ¼ml
xqyke dks dgrs gS ftlds vkdk us dqN jd+e fy[kokbZ gks fd vxj og
vnk dj ns rks vkt+kn dj fn;k tk,xk½ ds eky esa t+dkr okftc ugh
gS vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkr ml oD+r rd vekur gS tc rd fd
lkfgcs t+dkr mldks ogka u igqapk ns tgka igqapkuk pkfg;sA pqukapk bl
b”kkZn ds eqrkfcd+ ;g ckr gj ml 'k[l ds fy;s ykft+e gS ftl ij
t+dkr okftc gS vkSj vxj mlus viuh t+dkr mu yksxks ds vykok
fdlh vkSj dks nh ftldks t+dkr nsus dk [+kqnk us gqDe Qjek;k Fkk rks
ml ij okftc gS fd og nwljh erZck mudks t+dkr ns ftudks nsus dk
381
[+kqnk us vez Qjek;k gSA bl flyflys esa tks dqN okftc gS bU'kk vYykg
ge vkbank c;ku djsaxsA bl fjok;r ls ;g ckr lkfcr gks xbZ fd vxj
fdlh ds eky dh t+dkr mlds vnk djus ls d+Cy t+k;s ¼csdkj½ gks tk,
rks ml ij vius eky dh t+dkr fQj ls vnk djuk okftc gS ftldks
nsuk pkfg;s FkkA blds feyus ls igys gh eky t+k;s gks x;k rks t+dkr
dk tks eky t+k;s gks x;k og dkQh u gksxkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftl
'k[l ij vius eky dh t+dkr vnk djuk okftc gks mldks vnk djus
ls igys ejus dk oD+r vk x;k vkSj mlus ;g olh;r dj nh fd mldh
rjQ ls t+dkr vnk dj nh tk, rks ml lwjr esa mlds reke vEkoky
esa ls t+dkr vnk dh tk, gkykafd mlus olh;r dj nh gks fd mlds
eky ds rhljs fgLls esa ls t+dkr vnk dh tk, rks ,slk ml oD+r djuk
pkfg, tcfd bl ckr dk bYe gks ysfdu vxj ;g ekywe gks tk, fd
og vius iwjs eky dh t+dkr nsdj vius okfjlks dks rdyhQ nsuk pkgrk
gS vkSj mudh ehjkl ¼fojklr½ dks rckg djuk pkgrk gS rks ml lwjr esa
iwjs eky ls ugh cfYd mlds eky ds rhljs fgLls esa ls t+dkr nsuh
pkfg;sA ysfdu vxj okfjl iwjs eky esa ls t+dkr vnk djus ij jt+kean
gks rks mlesa ls t+dkr vnk dh tk,A
pkSik;kas dh t+dkr dk c;kupkSik;kas dh t+dkr dk c;kupkSik;kas dh t+dkr dk c;kupkSik;kas dh t+dkr dk c;kupkSik;kas dh t+dkr dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o- us yksxks ls t+dkr ds flyflys esa gYQ ysus ls euk Qjek;k gSA
vkius Qjek;k fd yksx t+dkr ds flyflys esa esgQwt+ o ekewu gS ¼;kfu
vxj dksbZ 'k[l bUdkj djs fd mlds eky ij t+dkr okftc ugh gksrh
vkSj t+kfgj esa Hkh bruk eky ekStwn u gks rks mlls d+le u ysuk pkfg;s½
vkius lky esa nks erZck t+dkr olwy djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA cfYd gj
lky t+dkr ,d gh ckj olwy djuh pkfg;sA vkius t+dkr dh olwy;kch
esa l[rh djus ls vkSj tcjnLrh olwy djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA yksxks
dks ekjuk ihVuk vkSj gn ls T+;knk rdyhQ nsuk euk gSA vbEer
382
rkfgjhuv-l- us gqDe fn;k gS fd lnd+k olwy djus okyk yksxks ds ml
eky dh t+dkr ys tks muds ikl ekStwn gS vkSj muds lkFk vny o
bUlkQ ls is'k vk;s vkSj mu ij tks dqN t+dkr nsuk okftc gksrk gS
mldks u NksM+sA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius eq[kuQ
fcu lyhe vy vT+knh dks ml oD+r olh;r dh Fkh tc vkius mudks
lnd+k dh olwy;kch ds fy;s Hkstk FkkA mudks ,d rohy olh;rukek
fy[k fn;k FkkA vkius olh;rukek esa mudks t+kfgj vkSj ckfruh nksuks
dkeksa esa [+kqnk ls Mjus dh olh;r dh Fkh vkSj mudks bl ckr dh olh;r
dh Fkh fd ykskxks ls [kq'kfet+kth vkSj ujeh ls tkdj feyuk vkSj
roktks+v o bafdlkjh ij ykft+e jguk vkSj rdCcqj ls cpuk D;ksafd [+kqnk
rokt+ksv o [kkdlkjh djus okyksa dks cqyan o rdCcqj djus okyksa dks
uhpk djrk gSA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd eq[kuQ fcu lyhe! rqEgkjs
okLrs Hkh bl t+dkr esa ,d okftc fgLlk gS vkSj blesa rqEgkjs nwljs Hkh
'kjhd gS tSls Qqd+jkv vkSj elkdhu x+kfjehu o eqtkfgnhu eqlkfQjhu]
eeywdhu vkSj eqrkfyQhu ge rqedks rqEgkjk iwjk gd+ nsaxs rqe mudks iwjk
iwjk gd+ nksA ojuk d+;ker ds jkst+ rqEgkjs lcls T+;knk nq'eu ;gh yksx
gksaxs vkSj lcls T+;knk eqlhcr vkSj raxh esa og 'k[l gksxk ftlds lkFk
[k+qlwer djus okys mrus T+;knk gkasxsA
veh:y eqvfeuhu vyhv-l- us Qjek;k fd vgys ckfn;k okyksa
¼nsgkr okys½ dh t+dkr muds mu eokt+sv ¼fBdkuksa½ ls yh tk, tgka og
jgrs gks vkSj [ksrh ckM+h djrs gks ysfdu vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd vxj
lw[kk ;kfu vdky iM+ tk, vkSj t+ehu ls vukt iSnk u gks rks t+dkr
esa ml oD+r rd rk[khj ¼nsjh½ djuh pkfg;s tc rd dh d+gr ¼vdky½
nwj u gks tk,A vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkr mUgh pkSik;ksa esa ls olwy dh
tk, ftu ij t+dkr okftc gksrh gS ÅaV eas ls ÅaV] xk; esa ls xk;] HksM+
esa ls HksM+] xsgqa esa ls xsgqa] lej eas ls lej ;s ml lwjr esa fd;k tk, tcfd
t+dkr nsus okyks ds ikl lksuk ;k pk¡nh u gksA vkids t+ekus esa yksxks dk
;gh gky Fkk ysfdu vxj og nhukj o fnjge ns ldrs gks rks mu ij tks
t+dkr okftc gS mlds eqrkfcd+ d+her ns ns rks mlesa dksbZ gtZ+ ugh gS
;g blfy;s rkfd bUgs vkSj nwljks dks lgqfy;r gks tk, bl flyflys esa
ge mij c;ku dj pqds gSA
383
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
fdlh ij lksus dh t+dkr okftc gS vkSj og mldh d+her ds eqrkfcd+
pk¡nh nsuk pkgrk gS rks mlesa dksbZ gt+Z ugh gSA blh rjg pk¡nh dh txg
mldh d+her ds eqrkfcd+ lksuk nsuk pkgrk gS rks blesa Hkh dksbZ gt+Z ugh
gSA ;g oSls gh gS tSls dh geus blls igys pkSik;ksa vkSj vukt ox+Sjg ij
t+dkr dh tks jd+e okftc gS mldks nsuk okftc fd;k gS ge vkbank
ÅaVks dh t+dkr vnk djus dk ft+dz djsaxs ftudh mezs eq[rfyQ gksrh gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius b'kkZn Qjek;k fd
beke yksxksa ls muds vEkoky dh t+dkr olwy djus esa muds lkFk tcz
ls dke ys D;ksafd ijojfnxkjs vkye us %
[kqt+ feu veokfyfge lnd+k 11&9@10
rtqZek % ¼, jlwys [+kqnk½ yksxks ds vEkoky dh t+dkr olwy djksA gqDe
Qjek;k gS il vkagt+jrl-v-o- us yksxks ls Qjek;k fd rqe yksx pkyhloka
fgLlk vnk djks ;kfu chl feld+ky esa ls fuLQ feld+ky vkSj nks lkS
fngje esa ls ikap fnjge vnk djksA
beke tvQ:Llfndv-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS mUgkasus
Qjek;k fd vxj fdlh ds ikl flQZ pkj ÅaV gks rks ml ij dqN Hkh
t+dkr okftc ugh gSA ;gka rd fd ikap pjus okys ÅaV tek gksa rks mlesa
,d cdjk dh t+dkr okftc gksxh fQj ikap ls T+;knk ;kfu uks rd ,d
gh cdjk gSA ;gka rd fd nl ÅaV gks tk;sA tc nl ÅaV gks tk;s rks
nks cdjsa t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gS vkSj tc iUnzg ÅaV gsk tk, rks rhu
cdjsa t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gS vkSj tc chl ÅaV gks tk, rks pkj cdjsa
t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc iphl ÅaV gks tk, rks ,d fcUrs
e[kkt+1 ¼;kfu ÅaV dk ,d lky dh mez dk eknk cPpk½ vxj fcUrs
e[kkt+ u gks rks bCus ycwu ¼;kfu nks lky dk uj cPpk½ t+dkr esa nsuk
okftc gSA 35 ÅaV ls ,d Hkh t+k;n gks tk, rks 45 ÅaV rd ,d fcUrs
ycqu ¼ÅaV dk og eknk cPpk tks nks lky dk gks pqdk gS vkSj rhljs lky
1- fcUrs e[kkt+ Å¡V ds ml eknk cPps dks dgrs gS tks ,d lky dk gks pqdk gks
vkSj nwljs esa nkf[ky gks pqdk gksA
384
esa nkf[ky gS½ t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc 45 ls ,d ÅaV Hkh T+;knk
gks tk, rks 60 ÅaV rd ,d fgDdk ¼;kfu ÅaV dk og eknk cPpk tks rhu
lky dk gks pqdk gS vkSj og vc lkeku yknus ds dke vk ldrk gS½
t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc blesa ls ,d ÅaV Hkh t+k;n gks tk,
rks 75 ÅaV rd ,d tTk+vk ¼;kfu ikap lky dh ÅaVuh½ t+dkr esa nsuk
okftc gSA vkSj tc mlesa ls ,d ÅaV Hkh t+k;n gks tk, rks 90 ÅaV rd
nks fcUrs ycwu t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc mlesa ls ,d ÅaV Hkh
t+k;n gks tk, rks 120 ÅaV rd nks fgDdk ¼;kfu rhu lky dh mez ds
nks eknk cPps½ t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc 120 ls Hkh T+;knk gks
rks gj 40 ij ,d fcUrs ycwu vkSj gj 50 ij ,d fgDdk vkSj ,d fcUrs
e[kkt+ ¼;kfu ÅaV dk og eknk cPpk ftldh mez ,d lky dh gks pqdh
gks vkSj nwljs lky esa nkf[ky gks x;k gS xks;k mldh eka nwljs cPps ls
gkfeyk gks xbZ blfy;s og e[kkt+ ;kfu gkfeyk gS½ vkSj tc fcUrs e[kkt+
Å¡V dk og nks lky dk eknk cPpk tks nks lky dk gks tk, vkSj rhljs
lky esa nkf[ky gks rks vc og fcUrs ycwu gSA xks;k mldh ek¡ vc cPpk
tu pqdh gS vkSj og nq/k okyh gks pqdh gSA vkSj tc pkSFkk lky iwjk dj
ys rks mldks fgDdk dgrs gSA ;kfu vc og ckj&cjnkjh ¼cks>k <ksuk½
vkSj lokjh ds dke vk ldrk gSA vkSj tc ikapos lky esa nkf[ky gks tk,
rks mldks tt+vk dgrs gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv]l] ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd Å¡V dh
t+dkr olwy djus okyk t+dkr nsus okys ds ikl ml mez dk cPpk u
ik, tks t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gks rks mlls T+;knk mez dk cPpk ys ysA
vkSj Å¡V ds ekfyd dks nksukas ds njfe;ku tks Qd+Z gks mldks vnk dj
nsA ;k mlls de mez dk cPpk ys rks ml Å¡V ds ekfyd ij okftc gS
fd og mu nksuksa ds njfe;ku tks deh jg xbZ gS mldks iwjk dj nsA
vbEer rkfgjhuv]l] us Qjek;k gS fd xk;ksa ij ml oD+r rd
t+dkr okftc ugh gS tc rd dh mldh rknkn 30 rd u igqap tk;sa
tc 30 pjus okyh xk; gks tk,a c'krZs fd og gkfeyk u gksa rks mu ij
,d rchv ¼;kfu ,d cNM+k ftldh lhax lh/kh gks pqdh gks vkSj og ,d
lky dk gks pqdk gks½ ,d lky dk cNM+k ;k ,d rchvk ;kfu ,d lky
dh cNM+h t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA fQj pkyhl rd dqN Hkh t+dkr
okftc ugh gSA gka tc 40 xk;sa gks tk,a rks 60 xk;kas rd ,d eluk ¼;kfu
385
N% nkarks okyh xk;½ t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc 60 xk;sa gks tk,a
rks 70 xk;ksa rd nks cNMa+s ;k nks cNfM+;k¡ t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj
tc 70 gks tk,a rks 1 xk; vkSj ,d cNM+k t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj
tc 80 gks tk,a rks 90 rd nkas xk;sa t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc
90 xk;sa gks tk,a rks 100 rd rhu cNM+s t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj
tc 100 xk;sa gks tk,a rks 1 xk; vkSj nks cNM+s t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA
vkSj tc 110 gks tk,a rks 120 rd nks xk;sa vkSj ,d cNM+k t+dkr esa nsuk
okftc gSA vkSj tc 120 xk;sa gks tk,a rks 3 xk;sa t+dkr esa nsuk okftc
gSA mlds ckn gj rhl ij ,d cNM+k ;k cNM+h t+dkr esa nsuk okftc
gSSA vkSj 30 ds mij gj 40 esa ,d xk; nsuk okftc gSA vkSj vkSd+kl
¼pkSik;ksa ds O;kikj½ ij dqN Hkh t+dkr okftc ugh gS vkSj u mu ÅaV vkSj
xk;kas vkSj cdfj;ksa ij t+dkr okftc gS tks dke dkt] ckj cjnkjh]
lokjh vkSj iou pDdh pykus ds dke vkrs gS vkSj ?kj ds vanj gh mudh
ns[kHkky vkSj ijofj'k dh tkrh gSA
vbEer rkfgjhuv- l- Qjekrs gS fd 40 ls de HksM+kas ij t+dkr
okftc ugh gSA tc mudh rknkn 40 rd igqap tk, vkSj og pjrh gks
rks tc mu ij t+dkr nsus dh eqír ¼;kfu ,d lky½ iwjh gks tk, rks mu
ij ,d cdjh t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA mlds ckn T+;knk gks tk, rks 200
rd 2 cdfj;k¡ t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc 200 ls 1 Hkh T+;knk
gks tk, rks 300 rd 3 cdfj;k¡ t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA vkSj tc 300
ls T+;knk gks tk, rks gj 100 ij ,d cdjh t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gSA
ÅaV] xk;] HksM+ ij ftl oD+r t+dkr okftc gksrh gS] mldks fulkc dgrs
gS vxj fulkc iwjk u gksrk gks rks u;s iSnk gksus okys NksVs cPpks dks fxurh
esa 'kqekj u djsA bl rjg u;s tkuojks dks Hkh iqjkus tkuojks esa 'kjhd u
djs gRrk fd mu ij ,d gksy ¼lky½ xqt+j tk, vkSj muesa fulkc iwjk
gksdj t+dkr okftc gks tk,A
vbEer rkfgjhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us t+dkr nsrs
oD+r pkSik;ksa dks ckge tek o rQjhd+ djus ls euk Qjek;k gS og bl
rjg fd tc t+dkr olwy djus okyk t+dkr ysus vk;s rks vgys eos'kh
dks vius eos'kh e[kywr u djuk pkfg;s rkfd t+dkr olwy djus okyk
vklkuh ls gj lSdM+s ij ,d cdjh ys ldsA cfYd ftl 'k[l ds ikl
ftrus eos'kh gks mudk fglkc yxkdj gj ,d 'k[l ls vyx&vyx
386
okftc 'kqnk t+dkr olwy djuk pkfg;sA eos'kh dks ckge e[kywr u djus
dh vOoy otg ;g gS fd elyu rhu vkneh gS muesa ls gj ,d 'k[l
ds ikl 40 40 cdfj;k¡ gS vkSj mUgksus bldks e[kywr dj fn;k rks bl
lwjr esa t+dkr ds olwy djus okys ds fy;s ,d gh cdjh t+dkr esa ysuk
okftc gks tkrk gSA ysfdu vxj ;gh eos'kh gj ,d ds ikl vyx&vyx
gksa rks rhu cdfj;k¡ okftc gksrh gS ;kfu gj ,d ij ,d&,d cdjh
t+dkr esa nsuk okftc gks tkrk gSA
vkSj rQjhd eqtrev dh lwjr ;g gS fd elyu fdlh ds ikl
40 cdfj;k¡ gS ysfdu tc t+dkr olwy djus okyk vk;k rks mlus t+dkr
ls cpus ds fy;s mudks nks fgLlksa esa rd+lhe dj fn;kA ;g eos'kh ds
ekfydkas dk tq+Ye gS vkSj t+dkr olwy djus okyksa dks ;g tqYe gS fd og
,sls nks vknfe;kas dk eky e[kyqr dj ns ftuesa ls fdlh ij t+dkr
okftc ugh gSA elyu muesa ls gj ,d ds ikl 20 20 cdfj;k¡ gSA vc
tcfd t+dkr olwy djus okyk mudks e[kywr dj nsxk rks bl lwjr esa
mu ij t+dkr okftc gks tk,xhA blh rjg t+dkr olwy djus okyk ,d
gh 'k[l ds eky dks eqrQfjZd+ dj nsA elyu mlds ikl 120 cdjh;k
gS ftldh t+dkr ,d gh cdjh okftc gSA ysfdu tc mudks 40&40 dh
lwjr esa vyx dj ns rkfd rhu cdjh;k t+dkr esa olwy djs rks ;g
gjdr u rks vgys eos'kh ds fy;s tk;t+ gS u t+dkr olwy djus okyks
dks tS+ck gS fd og eqtrev dks eqrQfjZd+ dj ns vkSj eqrQfjZd+ dks
eqtrev dj nsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k [kqyrk
¼eos'kh dks tek djus okyk½ tc vius eos'kh dks tek dj ns vkSj pjokg
Hkh ,d gks vkSj lkaM Hkh ,d gks rks t+dkr ysrs oD+r muds vyx vyx
vEkoky dks tek u fd;k tk, ysfdu gj ,d ls ogh fy;k tk, ftruh
t+dkr mlds vius eky esa okftc gS vkSj vxj nksa vkneh eky esa 'kjhd
gks rks iwjs eky dh t+dkr yh tk, vkSj og eky esa vius vius fgLlkas ds
eqrkfcd+ ckge ¼vkil esa½ le> ysA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkr olwy djus
okyk t+dkr esa ls cq<+k vkSj det+ksj vkSj ,cnkj tkuoj u ysA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkr olwy djus
okyk t+dkr esa og cdjh u ys tks pjchnkj vkSj Hkjs gq, xks'r dh gks vkSj
387
u nq/k okyh cdjh ys ftl ij cdjh ds ekfyd dh ftanxh dk nkjks enkj
gS vkSj u gkfeyk cdjh vkSj u va/kk u yaxM+k ysA vkSj u og cdjk ys
ftlls cdjh;k gkfeyk dh tkrh gSA vkSj u dksbZ ,cnkj tkuoj ys vkSj
u cdjh dk NksVk cPpk vkSj u ÅaV dk NksVk cPpk vkSj u xk; dk NksVk
cNM+k ysA vkSj u t+dkr esa cgqr vPNk vkSj cgqr cqjk tkuoj Hkh u ysA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd HksM+
vkSj cdjh dks rhu rhu fgLlkas esa igysa rd+lhe dj fn;k tk,A fQj
cdfj;ks dk ekfyd muesa ls ,d lqyql ¼rhljk fgLlk½ dk bfUr[kkc djs
vkSj fQj t+dkr olwy djus okyk ckdh nks lqyql esa ls bfUr[kkc djsA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls eudwy gS fd vkius ?kksM+ks] [kPpj] x/kks vkSj
xqykeks dh t+dkr ekQ dj nh gSA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ls fjok;r
gS vkius Qjek;k fd pjus okys ÅaV] xk;] HksM+] cdjh;ksa ij t+dkr
okftc gSA tkuojksa dh bu rhu fdLeksa ds vykok tkuojksa dh t+dkr
okftc ugh gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius vjc ds uljkfu;kas
ls nks xquh t+dkr ;kfu VSDl olwy djus dk Qjeku tkjh fd;k FkkA
t+dkr nsus dk c;kut+dkr nsus dk c;kut+dkr nsus dk c;kut+dkr nsus dk c;kut+dkr nsus dk c;ku
[+kqnk oans rvkyk us vius iSXkEcj jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls eq[kkfrc gksdj
Qjek;k gS %
[kqt+ feu veokfyfge ln%dru rqrgfg:gqe o rqt+Ddhfge fcgk
11&9@103A jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dk b'kkZn gS fd ykvks eq>s vius veoky
ds nlos fgLls dk pkSFkk fgLlk ;kfu chl nhukj esa ls fuLQ nhukj vkSj
gj nks lkSa fnjge esa ls ikap fnjge t+dkr nks eqlyekuks dk bl ij
bfRrQkd+ gS vkSj gekjs bYe ds eqrkfcd+ muds njfe;ku dksbZ bf[rykQ
ugh gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vius ut+nhd+ jgus okys eqlyekuks ls [kqn
t+dkr olwy Qjek;k djrs FksA vkSj tks eqlyeku nwj jgrs Fks muls
t+dkr olwy djus ds fy;s nwljks dks Hkstrs FksA tks mu ls t+dkr olwy
djds jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ds njckj esa is'k djrs Fks vkSj vki mldks mu jkgksa
388
esa lQZ ¼[kpZ½ djrs Fks tgka vYykg rvkyk us vkidks lQZ djus dk gqDe
fn;k FkkA vkSj reke eqlyekuks dk bl ij Hkh bfRrQkd+ gS fd jlwys
vdjel-v-o- dh oQkr dh otg ls t+dkr dh Qjht+r jQv ugh gqbZ gS
cfYd yksx vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds ckn mldks t+dkr nsrs Fks tks muds mewj dks
pykrs Fks vkSj tc vkilvo- ds ckn vkidk d+kbe ed+ke cuk FkkA exj
ckn esa tc mUgksaus ns[kk fd muds vbEek t+dkr dks vius t+krh dkeks es
lQZ djus yxs gS rks mUgksaus gRry&bed+ku t+dkr nsuk can dj fn;kA
vxj muds ut+nhd og cjgd+ vbEek Fks rks mu yksxksa ij okftc vkSj
QtZ+ Fkk fd og mudks t+dkr nsrs D;kasfd [+kqnk oans rvkyk us rks mudks
bl ckr dk dqN eqdfYyQ ugh cuk;k gS tks mlus bekeks ij t+dkr dks
mldh jkgks esa gh lQZ djus dh ikcanh yxkbZ gSA
yksxksa ij rks flQZ t+dkr vius bekeks dks vnk dj nsuk okftc
fd;k x;k gSA vkSj bekekas ij okftc gS fd t+dkr dks mldh jkg esa gh
lQZ djsA gjfxt+ [+kqnk fdlh 'k[l ls ,sls vey dh ckcr iqN&rkt u
djsxkA ftldks mlus bl ij QtZ+ gh ugh fd;k gSA fQj cM+s rvTtqc
dh ckr gS fd mUgksus t+dkr dks elkdhu esa rd+lhe djus dh jk; dj
yhA bl rjg og muesa ls vdlj viuh t+dkr xS+j okftc jkgksa esa [kpZ
dj nsrs gSA il og [kqn Hkh ml Qvy ds eqjrfdc gks x;s tks bUgksus
vius bekekas ds fy;s ukilan fd;k FkkA elkdhu ds vykok t+dkr esa og
nwljs gd++nkj vkSj 'kqjdkv Hkh gS ftuds uke [+kqnk us viuh fdrkc esa crk
fn, gSA elkdhu ds vykok eqLrfgd+hu t+dkr dh lkr fd+Lesa vkSj Hkh gSA
1 Qqd+jkv] 2 t+dkr olwy djus okys] 3 eksvy&yQrqy dqywc ¼u,
eqlyeku o eqvfeu cus gks½] 4 vkSj ftudh xnZuksa esa xqykeh dk Qank gS]
5 d+t+Znkjks dk] 6 [+kqnk dh jkgs ftgkn esa] 7 eqlkfQjhuA bl vk;rs
djhek esa vYykg rvkyk us fdlh dks dksbZ [kqlqfl;r ugh nh gS cfYd
bu vkBksa eqLrgd+hu dks t+dkr esa cjkcj dk 'kjhd d+jkj fn;k gSA
tSlkfd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS %
389
bUuel lnd+krks fyy Qqd+jkb oy elkdhfu oy vkfeyhu% vySgk
oyeqoYy%Qfr dqywcqgqe o fQj&fjd+kfc oy x+kfjehu% o Qh lchfyYykfg
oCkful lchfy Qjht+ru feuYykfg oYykgks vyhequ gdhe (10&9@60)rtqZek % [kSjkr rks cl [kkl Qd+hjks dk gd+ gS vkSj eksgrktks dk vkSj
t+dkr olwy djus okyksa dk vkSj ekSvy&yQrqy dqywc dk vkSj ftudh
xnZuks esa xqykeh dk Qank gS vkSj d+t+Znkjks dk ¼tks [kqn ls vnk ugh dj
ldrs½ vkSj [+kqnk dh jkg esa ¼ftgkn½ esa vkSj ijnsfl;kas ¼eqlkfQjhu½ dh
dQkyr esa [kpZ djuk pkfg;sA ;g gqdwd+ [+kqnk dh rjQ ls eqd+jZj fd;s
x;s gS vkSj [+kqnk cM+k okfdQdkj vkSj fgder okyk gSA
il dSls tkbt+ vkSj nq:Lr gks ldrk gS fd et+dwjk ckyk
eqLrgd+hu esa ls dqN dks rks fn;k tk, vkSj dqN dks u fn;k tk, \
gkykafd ijojfnxkj vkye us t+dkr dks mu reke dk gd+ djkj fn;k
gSA fygkt+k vbEek vkys eksgEenv-l- ds flok fdlh vkSj dks ;g gd+ ugh
igq¡prk gS fd og t+dkr dks muesa rd+lhe djs vkSj eqLrgd+hu t+dkr ds
gj rcd+s dks muds gd+ ds eqrkfcd+ t+dkr rd+lhe djs ;g dke flok;
mu vbEek , vgys cSrv-l- ds vkSj dksbZ ugh dj ldrk gS ftu ij
vYykg rvkyk us mu eqLrgd+hu esa t+dkr dks rd+lhe djuk okftc dj
fn;k gS vkSj mudks t+dkr dk vehu cuk;k gSA ojuk gj t+ekus esa yksxksa
dks bl fed+nkj dk dSls irk py ldrk gS tks mu eqLrgd+hu t+dkr
ds rcd+kr esa ls gj rcd+s dks nsuk pkfg;s \ vkSj yksxks dks ;g dSls irk
py ldrk gS fd bLyke ykus ij fdldh rkyhQ djuh pkfg;s vkSj
vkbEek&vkys&eksgEenvl- ds flok dkSu ekSvyyQrqy dqywc dks mudk
gd+ ns ldrk gS tks budh rkyhQ djus okys gSA vkSj jkgs ft+gkn esa
vkbEek&,&vgys cSrv-l- ds flok dkSu t+dkr dks fdl rjg [kpZ dj
ldrk gS\ D;kasfd ft+gkn rks bUgh ds lkFk jgdj fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj
ft+gkn dc vkSj dSls djuk pkfg;sA bldk irk Hkh bUgh ls pyrk gSA
vkSj t+dkr ds dkfjanks dks vkbEek ds flok dkSu budks budk gd+ ns
ldrk gS tcfd vbEek us mudks t+dkr dh olwy;kch ij eqd+jZj fd;k
gS vkSj ;g Hkh ,d gd+hd+r gS fd ijojfnxkjs vkye us budks eqlyekukas
dh t+dkr dk vehu cuk;k gS vkSj mu ij t+dkr dk [kkuk gjke d+jkj
fn;k gSA rkfd yksxks dks bl ckr dk iwjk ;d+hu gks tk, fd mu ij
390
t+dkr gjke gksus dh otg ls t+dkr esa mudk dksbZ gd+ ugh gS rks og
dSls bldks vius t+krh eqlkfjQ ¼[kpZ½ esa ykdj yksxks dh rkSger dk
fu'kkuk cu ldrs gSA
beke gluv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck dk
ft+Ø gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- eq>s esjk gkFk idM+s gq, r'kjhQ ys tk jgs
Fks fd ge lnd+k dh iM+h gqbZ [ktwjks ds ikl ls xqt+jsA eaS ml oD+r cPpk
FkkA eaSus ml [ktwj ds <+sj esa ls ,d [ktwj mBk dj vius eqag esa Mky
fy;k jlwys vdjel-v-o- tYnh ls vk;s vkSj esjs eqag ds vUnj viuh
maxfy;k¡ Mkydj ml [ktwj dks yqvkc&ngu ds lkFk ckgj fudky
fn;kA vkSj mls [ktwj ds <+sj esa Mky fn;kA fQj vkilv-o- us eq>ls
Qjek;k fd ge ,gys cSrv-l- ij lnd+k ¼;kfu t+dkr dk eky [kkuk½]
gjke gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- dk ;g
b'kkZn gS fd t+dkr u essjs fy;s gyky gS u essjs ,gys cSr ds fy;sA ;g
lnd+k ¼t+dkr½ rks yksxks dk esy gSA ml oD+r beke tvQ#Llkfnd+vl-
dh f[kner esa vtZ+ fd;k x;k fd bl lnd+k ls ogh t+dkr eqjkn gS
ftls yksx vius vEkoky esa ls fudkyrs gS vkius Qjek;k fd gka ysfdu
[+kqnk us gedks blds ,sot+ [kqEl ¼ikapoka fgLlk½ vrk Qjek;k gSA vkidh
f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd vxj [kqEl dk eky Hkh can gks tk;s rks
D;k bl lwjr esa vki yksxks ds fy;s lnd+k ¼t+dkr½ [kkuk gyky gksxk\
vkiv-l- us Qjek;k fd ugh! d+le c[+kqnk vYykg rvkyk us ge ij
t+dkr dks gj gky esa gjke dj fn;k gSA t+kfyehu vxj gekjs gqdwd+ dks
can Hkh dj ns rks t+dkr dk eky [kkuk gyky ugh gSA tks pht+
ijojfnxkjs vkye us ge ij gjke dj nh gS og t+kfyehu ls gekjs eky
;kfu [kqEl ds can dj nsus dh otg ls gyky ugh gks ldrhA
beke tvQ:LLkkfndv-l- Qjekrs gS fd t+dkrs eQ:t+k gekjs
fy;s [kkuk gyky ugh gSA eSaus u rks dHkh t+dkr [kkbZ gS u 'kjkc ih gSA
ijojfnxkj vkye us ge ij yksxks ds lnd+kr ;kfu t+dkr dks [kkuk
gjke dj fn;k gSA vkSj t+dkr dk dfjUnk cu dj t+dkr dk eky [kkuk
Hkh gjke dj fn;k gSA vYkcRrk t+dkr dks NksM+ dj vYykg rvkyk us
gekjs fy;s vkil esa ,d nwljs ds vfr;k ¼gfn;k½ dks [kkuk gyky
Qjek;k gSA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj t+dkr ds eky dh t+:jr vku iM+s
391
rks oD+r ls ,d ekg igys olwy dj nsus esa dksbZ gt+Z ugh gSA jlwys
vdjel-v-o- us gt+jr vCcklj-v- ls t+dkr dk eky fdlh vge t+:jr dh
otg ls d+Cy vt+oD+r ¼oD+r ls igys½ olwy dj fy;k FkkA
d+kfle fcu bczkghe vyoh ls ml t+dkr dh ckcr iqNk x;k tks
,d 'kgj ls fdlh nwljs 'kgj esa eqarfd+y dh tkrh gSA mUgksus tokc fn;k
fd t+dkr dk reke ekeyk vbEek ds gkFkksa esa gSA beke tgka ftruk
rd+lhe djuk equkflc [k;ky djs mls rd+lhe djus dk bf[r;kj
gkfly gSA vkSj ftlls bLyke ij vkbZ gqbZ vkQr dks nwj dj lds
mldk Hkh bf[r;kj gSA
gt+jt vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkius tc eq[kuQ fcu lyhe
dks d+chyk cØ fcu okby dh t+dkr olwy djus ds fy;s jokuk Qjek;k
rks mudks ;g ,sgn ukek fy[k fn;k fd gekjs tS+js Qjeku tt+hjk vkSj
dqQk o 'kke ds njfe;ku jgus okyks eass ls vxj dksbZ 'k[l ;g nkok djs
fd mlus 'kke ds vEeky dks viuh t+dkr vnk dj nh gSA nj gkykafd
gekjs ?kqM+lokjks vkSj iSny lokjksa us mldh fgQkt+r dh gS blfy;s
mldk vEekys 'kke dks t+dkr nsuk dkQh u gksxkA vxj og mUgh dks
t+dkr nsuk cjgd le>rk gS rks mldks ;g lt+kokj ugh fd jgs rks
gekjs fcykn ¼'kgj½ esa vkSj vius vEkoky dh t+dkr gekjs nq'euksa dks ns
nsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ls vk;r djhe %
bUuel lnd+krks fyyQqdjkb oy elkdhu% 10&9@60 dh ckcr iqNk
x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd Qd+hj og gS tks loky u djrk gks vkSj
elkdhu og gS tks Qqdjkv ls T+;knk raxnLr gks vkSj ckbl mldks dgrs
gS tks mu nksuksa ls Hkh T+;knk raxnLrh esa eqfCryk gksA vkius ;g Hkh
Qjek;k fd t+dkr dk eky flQZ eqfeuhu ,gys oykv gh dks nsuk
pkfg;sA vt+Z fd;k x;k fd tc fdlh ed+ke ij dksbZ eqvfeu t+dkr dk
ekSgrkt gh u gks rks\ vkiv-l- us Qjek;k fd ml t+dkr dks nwljs fBdkus
esa Hkst nsuk pkfg;s rkfd ogka ds eksgrkt eqvfeuhu ,gys oykv esa
rdlhe dj fn;k tk, ysfdu ,slh d+kSe dks u nks fd ftudks rqe vxj
392
vius vez dh rjQ nkor djksxs rks og ejrs ne rd d+cwy u djsaxsA
vt+Z fd;k x;k fd tc dksbZ eqvfeu eqlrfgd+ ogka Hkh u feys rks\ vkius
Qjek;k fd ml lwjr esa t+dkr mu det+ksj vkSj ukroka yksxks dks nks tks
vbEek ls nq'euh ugh djrs vkSj eqvfeu dks t+dkr ds eky ls bruk ns
nks fd ftlls og [kkuk [kk ldrs gks vkSj diM+k cukdj igu ldrs gks
vkSj 'kknh dj ldrs gks vkSj gt dj ldrs gks vkSj fQrjk vnk dj
ldrs gksA
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us b'kkZns ckjh rvkyk
oy vkfeyhu% vySgk ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd vkfeyhu vySgk ls t+dkr
ds dkfjans eqjkn gSA beke ftl d+nz equkflc [;ky djs mudks t+dkr esa
ls vrk djsA beke ij mudks dksbZ eqd+jZj jd+e nsuk QtZ+ ugh gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius ,d erZck
;eu ls njckjs fjlkyrl-v-o- esa fl/kk, gq, [kky ds FkSys esa dqN lksuk Hkstk
FkkA tks ;eu dh t+ehu ls ugh gkfly fd;k x;k FkkA vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
mldks bu ikap v'k[kkl ¼vknfe;ksa½ ds njfe;ku rd+lhe dj fn;kA
vdjv% fcu gkfcl] m;uk fcu glu fcu cnj] tSn vy [kSy] vYdek
fcu mykuk] vkfej fcu rqQSyA vkagt+jrl-v-o- dh bl rdlhe ls dqN
vlgkcs jlwy dks jat o eyky gqvk mUgksus dgk fd ge blds T+;knk
gd+nkj FksA tc ;g [kcj fjlkyr eqvkcl-v-o- dks gqbZ rks vkius Qjek;k
fd tcfd eSa bl vkleku okys dk vehu gq¡ tgka ls eq>s lqcg o 'kke
[kcjs vkrh gS rks D;k rqe eq>s viuk vehu ugh le>rs\
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd bj'kkns ckjh rvkyk
oy eqvYyQfr dqywcqgqe ls d+chys ds og ljnkj eqjkn gS ftuds
bLyke ykus ij jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- rkyhQs d+Yc Qjek;k djrs FksA ;kfu
vki mudks dqN vfr;k buk;r djds rkyhQs d+Yc djrs FksA ,slk rks gj
t+ekus esa gks ldrk gS il tc dHkh beke dks rkyhQs d+Yc dh t+:jr
gks rks og ,slk djs vkSj fQj vkius b'kkZns ckjh rvkyk
393
o fQj fjd+kfc ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k fd tc t+dkr dk eky ik¡p lkSa
fnjge ls T+;knk gks tk;sa rks mlls ,d xqyke [kjhn dj vkt+kn dj
fn;k tk,A
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- ls vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls eudwy
gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd t+dkr dk eky mu ikap vQjkn
dks NksM+ dj fdlh ekynkj ds fy;s [kkuk gyky ugh gSA og ikap
vQjkn ;g gS %
1-t+dkr ds d+kfjUns 2-d+t+Znkj 3- og 'k[l ftlus t+dkr ds eky dks
vius eky ds ,ot+ [kjhn fy;k gks 4- og 'k[l ftldks t+dkr crkSj
gfn;k feyh gks 5- ftlus fdlh dh t+ekur yh gksA vkSj lkfnd+v-l- vkys
eksgEen Qjekrs gS fd b'kkZns ckjh rvkyk
o Qh lchfyYykg ls ft+gkn gt vkSj [kSj ds nwljs dkeks esa lQZ djuk
ed+lwn gS vkSj
¼ofCul lchy½ ls og 'k[l eqjkn gS og eqlkfQj ftldk njfEk;kus lQj
gh esa eky [kRe ;k t+k;k gks pqdk gksA ;k pksjksa us ywV fy;k gksA vki
Qjekrs gS fd bekeqT+t+eku dh jk; vYykg rvkyk dh jk; gksrh gSA
vxj bekeqTt+eku dh jk; gks fd t+dkr dks mu lc eqLrgd+hu ¼gd+nkjksa½
esa rd+lhe dj ns ftudk ft+Ø vYykg rvkyk us fd;k gS rks csgrj gS
vkSj vxj beke mu lc esa ls fdlh ,d dks fdlh oD+r t+dkr dk T+;knk
eqLrfgd+ le>s vkSj mldks ns ns rks beke dks bldk bf[r;kj gS vkSj
vxj mu eqLrgd+hus t+dkr esa ls fdlh ds ikl vxj edku Hkh gks] ukSdj
Hkh gks vkSj mlds ikl nks lkSa fnjge Hkh gks rks mldks t+dkr nsus esa dksbZ
gt+Z ugh gSA geus vbEek dks ;k mudh rjQ ls eqd+jZj 'kqnk dkfjanks dks
t+dkr nsus dk rt+fdjk fd;k gS rks eqlyekuksa ij bruk gh oftc gS fd
og t+dkr vnk dj nsA jgs vbEek rks mu ij ;g okftc gS fd og
t+dkr ds eky dks mu jkgkas esa [kpZ djs ftu jkgkas esa [kpZ djus dk gqDe
[+kqnk oans rvkyk us mudks fn;k gSA geus mu jkgks dk ft+Ø dj fn;k gS
394
vkSj vbEek vkys eksgEenv-l- gh mu jkgksa ls T+;knk okfd+Q gSA geus Åij
tks t+dkr can dj nsus vkSj mldks x+Sj jkgksa esa [kpZ djus vkSj xS+j vgy
dks nsus ds flyflys esa rx+yht+ o r'kíqn dh fjok;r dk ft+dz fd;k gSA
nj gd+hd+r tSlk fd geus bl ckc esa lkfcr fd;k gSA vbEek vkys
eksgEenv-l- gh dks t+dkr nsuk pkfg;sA ogh blds vgy gSA
vdlj yksx bl ckr ij bljkj djrs gS fd bekeksa dks vEkoky
dh t+dkr u nsuk pkfg;s vkSj cvt+ ,sls yksxks dks t+dkr ns nsrs gS
ftudks vYykg rvkyk us t+dkr nsus dh btkt+r ugh nh gSA [okg dksbZ
t+dkr xS+j eqLrfgd+ dks ns ;k dksbZ mldks jksd j[ks nksuksa cjkcj gS fQj
Hkh ;g yksx t+dkr dks vius bekeksa ls jksd dj Hkh jkt+h u gq, gRrk fd
og vius vEoky esa ls ekax cSBsA vxj bekeksa dh rjQ ls mUgsa fey x;k
rks [kq'k vkSj jkt+h gks x, vkSj vxj bekeks us u fn;k rks ukjkt+ gks x;sA
pqukapk ijojfnxkjs vkye us viuh fdrkc esa bUgh dk gky bl rjg
c;ku fd;k gS fd %
o feugqe eU; ;yfet+qd% fQl lnd+kfr Qbu mvrw feugk jt+w o bu
ye ;qvrks feugk bt+k gqe ;l[krwu 10&9@57
rtZqek % ¼, jlwy½ mu esa ls dqN rks ,sls Hkh gS tks rqEgas [kSjkr dh rd+lhe
¼esa [okg e[okg½ bYt+ke nsrs gS fQj vxj muesa ls mUgs dqN ekdwy
¼vPNh½ fed+nkj ns nh xbZ rks [kq'k gks x;s vkSj vxj mudh ethZ ds
eqokfQd+ mlesa ls vxj dqN ugh fn;k x;k rks cl QkSju gh fcxM+ cSBsA
ge [+kqnk ds gqDe dh f[kykQ ojt+h vkSj mldh eqekfuvr ls rtkoqt+
vkSj mlds Qjkbt+ dh rvrhy ¼bUdkj½ vkSj mldh fdrkc vkSj vbEek
vkys eksgEenvl- ds gqDe dh eq[kkfyQr vkSj muds vQvky ls uk[kq'k
gksus vkSj mlds Qjeku ls lj&rkch djus ls vYykg dh iukg ekaxrs gSA
ge blls d+Cy ;g ft+Ø dj pqds gS fd vke eqlyekuksa dk bl
ckr ij iwjk bfRrQkd+ gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- vius ,sgns eqckjd eas
vkil-v o ds ikl tks yksx jgrs Fks muls [kqn c&u¶ls uQhl t+dkr
395
olwy Qjek;k djrs Fks vkSj tks yksx vkils nwj jgrs FksA muls t+dkr
olwy djus ds fy;s dkfjUnks dks Hkstk djrs FksA vkil-v-o- ds bfUrd+ky
Qjekus ds ckn f[kykQr ds bfCrnkbZ t+ekus esa Hkh ;g rjhd+k Fkk ;gka rd
fd gt+jr vcw cØ vkSj og Lkgkc&,&fdjke tks vkids lkFk Fks mUgksaus
t+dkr can djus okyksa ds lkFk tax dh vkSj muds tku o eky o t+qfjZ;r
dks gyky d+jkj fn;k vkSj mudks ßeqrZnhuÞ ds uke ls ekslwe fd;kA
ysfdu muds fy;s ;g eqckg ugh fd;k fd og t+dkr can djds vius
njfe;ku rd+lhe dj nsA D;ksafd ijojfnxkj vkye us
[kqt+ feu veokfyfge lndru Qjekdj t+dkr olwy djuk okftc
dj fn;k gSa vkSj t+dkr ds mu dkfjanks dk Hkh ft+Ø fd;k gS tks yksxks
ls t+dkr olwy djrs gSA vkSj lgkck&,&fdjke esa ls dksbZ lgkch viuh
t+dkr dks elkdhu esa rd+lhe ugh djrk FkkA tSlk fd vkt vkokequ
ukl esa ls dqN yksx bls rdok le>dj t+dkr dks vius gkFkks ls
elkdhu esa rd+lhe dj nsrs gSA vkSj vke eqlyekuks dk gky ;g gS fd
og vius veoky dh t+dkr vius gh [oh'k o vd+kfjc esa rd+lhe dj
nsrs gSA vkSj mudks ns nsrs gS ftudh mUgksus ft+Eesnkjh ys j[kh gS vkSj
vxj dksbZ muds vkxs nLrs loky QSykrk gks rks 'keZ dh otg ls mldks
Hkh ns nsrs gSA vkSj muesa ls vDlj rks t+dkr fudkyrs gh ughA gekjs
utnhd rks eqlyeku esa ls tks eqLrfgd+hu t+dkr dks t+dkr nsrs gS vkSj
tks ugh nsrs nksuks gh cjkcj gSA ftldks t+dkr olwy djuk pkfg;s
mldks t+dkr u fn;k tk, rks mlls dqN t+dkr nsus dk gd+ vnk ugh
gks tkrkA gqdwd+&vYykg esa rks ftl d+nz Hkh ,gfr;kr cjrh tk, de gSA
vkSj fQj voke ds vdlj vbEek vkSj Qqd+gkv ftuls voke vius nhu
dh ckrsa lh[krs gS og [kqn vius gh gkFkkas ls eqLrfgd+hu dks t+dkr nsus
ls euk djrs gSA vxj fdlh us ns fn;k rks mls tk;t+ ugh le>rsA
mudh jk; ;g gS fd vehj dks t+dkr nsuk pkfg;sA il vkt voke
vius gh bekeksa ds f[kykQ vey dj jgs gS vkSj og muesa ls vOoy u
vkf[kj fdlh dh Hkh iSjoh ugh dj jgs gSA
og lgkck , fdjke ftudh jk; ;g gS fd t+dkr ßmEjkvÞ dks
nsuh pkfg;s muds uke ;g gS % lvn fcu ekfyd] vcw lbZn vy gt+jh]
396
vCnqYykg fcu mej] vcw gqjsjk gt+jr vkbZ'kkA ;g og yksx gS ftudh
eq[kkfyQr dh xbZ FkhA ;gka rd ekeyk eqrx;~f;j ¼rCnhy½ gks x;k Fkk
vkSj cvt+ yksxks us tc ;g ns[kk fd muds mEkjkv [kqn t+dkr dk
bLrseky djus yxs gS rks mudks t+dkr nsuk can dj fn;kA lnjs vOoy
ds ckn dk ;g fd+Llk gSA
vkSj voke dh ;g fjok;r gS fd tc cvt+ lgkck ls t+dkr dh
ckcr iqNk x;k rks mUgksus dgk fd viuh t+dkr mEkjkv dks ns nks pkgs
og t+dkr ds eky ls lkaiks dk xks'r gh D;kas u [kk tk,aA vkSj tc
voke ds vbEek esa ls fdlh ls t+dkr dh ckcr iqNk x;k rks mUgksus
tokc fn;k fd viuh t+dkr mEkjkv dks ns nksA bl ij muls dgk x;k
fd og t+dkr ds eky ls eksrh;kas dk gkj vkSj edku [kjhnrs gSA vkSj
mldks [kpZ dj Mkyrs gS rks mUgksus dgk fd rqEgas mlls D;k xt+Z gS\
rqedks rks flQZ mUgs t+dkr nsus dk gqDe fn;k x;k gSA vkSj mUgs t+dkr
dks mldh jkgkas esa lQZ djus dk gqDe fn;k x;k gSA il rqe viuk QtZ+
vnk djks og viuk QtZ+ vnk djsaA
bCus mej ls fjok;r gS mUgksus dgk fd pkj pht+as lqYrku ds gokys
gS 1-t+dkr 2- tqEkvk dh uekt+ i<+kuk 3- ekys x+uher 4- gn tkjh
djuk vkSj tc muls ;g dgk x;k fd lqYrku t+dkr dks vius rlj~:Q
¼[kpZ½ esa ykrk gS rks mUgksaus dgk fd rqEgsa blls D;k ysuk nsuk gSA vPNk
bl ckjs eas rqEgkjk D;k [;ky gS fd rqeus pan pksjks dks idM+k muesa ls
cvt+ dk gkFk dkV fn;k vkSj cvt+ dks NksM+ fn;k rks D;k rqeus nq:Lr
fd;k\ mUgksus dgk fd ugh rks bCus mej us dgk fd vxj rqeus mu pksjkas
dks lqYrku ds gokys dj fn;k vkSj lqYrku us muesa ls dqN dk gkFk dkVk
vkSj dqN dks NksM+ fn;k rks D;k bl lwjr esa rqe ij dqN Hkh ft+Eesnkjh
vk;n ugh gksrh \ mUgksus dgk fd ughA bCus mej us iqNk fd D;ksa \
mUgksus dgk fd blfy;s fd ge ij tks okftc Fkk geus og fd;kA ;kfu
;g fd ge pksjksa dks lqYrku ds gokys djsA blds ckn [kqn lqYrku vius
Qsvy dk ftEesnkj gS bCus mej us dgk fd rqeus lp dgkA ,sls gh
nqfu;k ds ekeykr pyrs gSA
voke ;g fjok;r uD+y djrs gS fd ,d erZck ejoku us lvn
fcu ekfyd ds ikl dgyok Hkstk fd rqe vius vEkoky dh t+dkr esjs
ikl Hkst nksA ekfyd us ejoku ds d+kfln ls dgk fd eSa t+dkr ugh ns
397
ldrk D;ksafd rqe yksx t+dkr ds eky ls egy vkSj xqyke [kjhnrs gks
vkSj edkukr rkehj djrs gks vkSj veoky [kjhnrs gksA ysfdu tc
d+kfln okil pyk x;k rks og vius u¶l ds lkFk gqTtr o nyhy djus
yxs fd , lvn rqEgsa blls D;k xt+Z gS mu ij ,d vez okftc fd;k
x;k gSA vkSj ,d vez rqe ij okftc fd;k x;k gS il rqe viuk QtZ+
vnk djks og viuk QtZ+ vnk dj ysaxsA mUgksus vius fny esa dbZ ckj bl
elys ij xkSj o fQØ fd;k fQj mUgksus dgk fd d+kfln dks okil
cqykvksA tc yksx d+kfln dks vkids ikl ys dj vk;s rks rd+jhcu 500
;k 700 nhukj d+kfln ds gokys dj fn,A
vkSj cvt+ voke dh ;g fjok;r gS fd glu cljh] vkfej 'kvch]
bczkghe u[Qh] lbZn fcu tqcsj vot+kbZ] 'kkQbZ vcw lksjA bu reke
gt+jkr dh ;g jk; gS fd mEkjkv dks t+dkr nsuk okftc gSA vxj fdlh
us lqYrku dks t+dkr u fn;k vkSj Qqd+jkv esa rd+lhe dj fn;k rks
tk;t+ ugh gSA vcw mcsnk us lksus vkSj pkanh dh t+dkr ds njfEk;ku
rQjhd+ dh gS vkSj eos'kh Qyksa vkSj vukt ds njfEk;ku rQjhd+ dh gS
mudk [;ky gS fd eos'kh vukt vkSj Qyks dh t+dkr flQZ lqYrku dks
nsuk pkfg;sA vxj ml 'k[l us ftu ij bu pht+kas dh t+dkr nsuk
okftc gS viuh t+dkr Qqd+jkv o elkdhu dks ns nh rks mlus t+dkr
vnk ugh dhA ysfdu lksus o pkanh dh t+dkr mEkjkv dks ns nh rks tk;t+
gS vkSj vxj Qqd+jkv esa rd+lhe dj nh rc Hkh og vius QtZ+ ls
lqcdnks'k gks x;kA ftlus ;g dgk gS mldk ;g ,d fd+Le dk rgDdqe
¼t+cjnLrh½ gSA gkykafd vYykg o jlwy us bl rQjhd+ djus okys dh
rjg t+dkr esa ,slh dksbZ rQjhd+ ugh dh gSA t+kfgjh ,rckj ls ;g d+kSy
bruk Qkfln gS fd blds d+kby ij ,gfrtkt ¼fdlh cqjh ckr ij
fojks/k djuk½ djuk csdkj gSA vkt ftu yksxks us viuh viuh dqnjr
ds eqrkfcd+ t+dkr nsuk can dj fn;k gS vkSj t+dkr dh ckcr fdrkcqYykg
vkSj lqUurs jlwyqYykg dh eq[kkfyQr dh gSA vius cqtq+xksa vkSj vius
Qqd+gkvksa dk jkLrk NksM+ fn;k gS vkSj vius bekeks ds gqdwd+ dk bUdkj
fd;k gSA og reke ds reke t+kfgy vkSj xqejkg gSA flok mu yksxksa ds
ftudks ijojfnxkjs vkye us [krk ls cpk fy;k gSA ge vYykg o jlwy
ds gqDe dh eq[kkfyQr ls [+kqnk dh iukg ekaxrs gS vkSj mu lkfgckus vez
dh eq[kkfyQr ls [+kqnk dh iukg ryc djrs gS ftudh brkvr dks
398
vYykg rvkyk us viuh vkSj vius jlwy dh brkvr ds lkFk ejcwr dj
fn;k gSA
vukt] Qy uckrkr ¼ouLifr½ dh t+dkr dk c;kuvukt] Qy uckrkr ¼ouLifr½ dh t+dkr dk c;kuvukt] Qy uckrkr ¼ouLifr½ dh t+dkr dk c;kuvukt] Qy uckrkr ¼ouLifr½ dh t+dkr dk c;kuvukt] Qy uckrkr ¼ouLifr½ dh t+dkr dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
o gqoy yt+h vu'kv% tUukfru ev:'kkfru o xSj% ev:'kkfrUo o u[y%
ot+ t+jv% eq[krfyQu mdqyqgw ot+ tS+rwu% oj :Eeku% eqr'kkfcgu o xSj%
eqr'kkfcfgu dqyw feu lefjgh bt+k vl ej% o vkrw gD+d+gw ;kSe% glkfngh
8&6@141
rtZqek % vkSj og rks ogh [+kqnk gS ftlus cgqr ls ckx+ iSnk fd;s ¼ftuesa
eq[rfyQ vD+lke ds nj[r gS dqN rks ¼vaxwj dh rjg ckal ij½ p<+k;s gq, vkSj
dqN cs p<+k;s gq, vkSj [ktwj ds nj[r vkSj [ksrh ftlds Qy ¼Lokn esa½
eq[krfyQ fd+Lekas ds gS vkSj tSrwu vkSj vukj ¼cvt+ rks lwjr] jax] Lokn½
feyrs tqyrs vkSj cvt+ cs esyA yksxks tc ;g phts+a ids rks mlds Qy [kkvks
vkSj mu pht+ksa ds dkVus ds fnu [+kqnk dk gd+ ¼t+dkr½ ns nksA
vkSj b'kkZn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
;k v;~;qgy yt+hu% vkeuw vufQdw feu r;~f;ckfr ek dlcrqe o feEek
v[kjtuk ydqe feuy vjfn 3&2@267
rtZqek % , bZeku okyks ! viuh ikd dekbZ vkSj mu pht+ksa esa ls tks geus rqEgkjs
fy;s t+ehu ls iSnk dh gS ¼[+kqnk dh jkg esa½ [kpZ djksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
ls eudwy gS fd vkius vk;rs djhek % o vkrw gD+d+gq ;kSe% glkfngh ds
eqrkfyd+ Qjek;k fd ekfyd ij tks vYykg dk gd+ okftc gS og t+dkr gSA
vycRrk elkdhu dks eqëh nks eqëh ns ldrk gS ;g rks ,d dkjs [kSj gS bl
399
t+dkr dh rjg okftc ugh gS ftls vYykg rvkyk us QtZ+ fd;k gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls ejoh gS fd vkius Qjek;k
fd ftu [ksrkas dks vkleku dk ikuh vkSj ugjsa lSjkc djrh gS mu ij nloka
fgLlk t+dkr okftc gSA bl gnhl 'kjhQ dks [kkl vkSj vke nksukas fjlkyr
evkcl-v-o- ls uD+y djrs gSA bl gnhl esa rks fcydqy [kqyk gqvk c;ku gS fd
t+ehu ls tks dqN Hkh iSnk gksrk gS mldh t+dkr nsuk okftc gS D;ksafd jlwys
vdjel-v-o- us gnhl esa fdlh pht+ dks cjh ugh fd;k gSA ;g gnhl cgqr ls
rjhd+ks vkSj voke ds bLukn ls vkSj ,gys cSr vrgkjv-l- ls vkSj jlwys [+kqnkl-
v-o- ls eudwy gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ls fry vkSj pkoy oxSjg dh t+dkr ds
eqrkfYyd+ tc iqNk x;k fd budh Hkh t+dkr nsuk okftc gS\ rks vkius
Qjek;k fd gka ;g reke pht+as Hkh xsgqa vkSj lej ds ekfuan gSA
d+kfle fcu bczkghe vyoh ls vgys cSr jlwyv-l- ds bl d+kSy dh
ckcr iqNk x;k fd nky pkoy] puk] vathj vkSj tSrwu oxSjg esok&tkr vkSj
Qyksa dh t+dkr vbEek vgys cSrv -l- ds ut+nhd okftc gSA bl ckjs esa vki
D;k Qjekrs gS \ mUgkasus dgk fd t+ehu ls tks Hkh uckr mxs ml ij t+dkr
okftc gSA D;kasfd vYykg rvkyk dk bj'kkn gS fd %
[kqt+ feu veokfyfge ln%d+ru rqrgfg:gqe o rqt+Ddhfge fcgk 11&9@103
rtZqek % ¼, jlwy½ rqe muds eky dh t+dkr yks ¼vkSj½ bldh cnksyr mudks
¼xqukgks ls½ ikd lkQ dj nksA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d
erZck vkagt+jrlvo- gekjs njfEk;ku mBs vkSj Qjek;k fd ftu [ksrkas dks
vkleku vkSj ugjkas us lSjkc fd;k gS muesa m'kj ¼nloka fgLlk½ t+dkr okftc
gS vkSj ftu [ksrkas dks Mksy vkSj jgV oxSjg ls lhapk x;k gS muesa fuLQ m'kj
¼nlosa dk vk/kk½ t+dkr okftc gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
Qjek;k gS fd ftu [ksrksa dks vkleku ds ikuh ;k lSykc ds ikuh ;k usgj ds
ikuh us lSjkc fd;k gks ;k oks [ksfr;k¡ tks t+ehu ds van:uh rjh ls mxrh gS
mu reke ij m'kj ¼nloka fgLlk½ t+dkr okftc gS ysfdu ftu [ksrkas dks
400
jgV oxSjg ls lSjkc fd;k x;k gks muesa fuLQ m'kj t+dkr okftc gSA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls ejoh gS fd vkius 'kgn ij Hkh m'kj ¼nloka fgLlk½ t+dkr
okftc fd;k gSA
t+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ dk c;kut+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ dk c;kut+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ dk c;kut+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ dk c;kut+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
d+n vQyg eu rt+D+d+k o t+djle% jfCcgh QlYykA 30&87@14&15
rtZqek % ftlusa t+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ vnk fd;k vkSj vius ijojfnxkj
ds uke dk ft+dz djrk jgk vkSj uekt+ i<+rk jgk og dke;kc gqvkA vkSj
;g Hkh vYykg rvkyk dk bj'kkn gS fd %
o vd+heql lykr% o vkrqt+ t+dkr% A 1&2@43
rtqZek % uekt+ vnk djks vkSj t+dkr fn;k djksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ls fjok;r gS vkius d+n vQyg eu
rt+Ddk dh ckcr Qjek;k fd blls og 'k[l eqjkn gS ftlus t+dkrqy fQrz
¼fQrjk½ vnk fd;k gS vkSj ¼t+djle% jfCcgh QlYyk ½ esa uekt+ i<+us ls
bZnxkg esa bZn dh uekt+ i<+uk eqjkn gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls tc t+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ dh ckcr iqNk x;k rks
vkius Qjek;k fd og t+dkr ftls vYykg rvkyk us bl vk;r esa uekt+ ds
lkFk QtZ+ dh gS% o vd+heql lykr% o vkrqt+ t+dkr% og ekynkj vkSj Qd+hjks
nksukas ij okftc gSA reke yksx Qqd+jkv gS vkSj ekynkj cgqr de gS il
ijojfnxkj vkye us reke yksxks dks uekt+ i<+us vkSj t+dkr ¼fQrjk½ nsus dk
gqDe fn;k gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd gj 'k[l vius vgyks v;ky
ftudh og ijofj'k djrk gS NksVs gks ;k cM+s] vktkn gks ;k xqyke] enZ gks ;k
vkSjr gj bUlku dh rjQ ls ,d I;kyk vukt+ t+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ vnk
djsaA
401
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd gj 'k[l
ij ykft+e gS fd og vius vkSj vius vgyks v;ky enksaZ o vkSjr] NksVs&cM+s]
vkt+kn o xqyke lc dk fQrjk vnk djsA pkgs ;g yksx ekynkj gh D;kas u
gksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkils tc iqNk x;k fd D;k og
Qd+hj ftldks [kSjkr nh tkrh gS ml ij Hkh fQrjk okftc gS vkius Qjek;k
fd og Qd+hj vius ml eky esa ls fQrjk ns tks mldks lnds+ esa feyk gSA
beke gqlSuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd t+dkrqy fQrz ¼fQrjk½ [okg
'kgjh gks ;k nsgkrh lc ij ,d lk QtZ+ gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd gj 'k[l
vius xqyke ;gqnh gks ;k uljkuh mudk fQrjk vnk djs vkSj vius ?kj esa
ftudh og ijofj'k dj jgk gS mudk Hkh fQrjk vnk djs vkSj vxj choh dk
xqyke mlds v;ky esa nkf[ky gks rks mldk Hkh fQrjk vnk djsA vkSj vxj
xqyke enZ ds v;ky esa nkf[ky u gks rks choh vius xqykeks dk fQrjk [kqn
vnk djsA c'krsZ og xqyke 'kksgj ds ugh cfYd mlds eky esa dke djrs gks
vxj 'kksgj u gks rks viuk vkSj vius xqykeks dk vkSj mudk fQrjk tks mldh
dQkyr eas gS [kqn vnk djsaA
beke gluv-l- vkSj beke gqlSuv-l- ls eudwy gS vki nksukas bekesu
vd+nlsu gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dk fQrjk viuh oQkr rd vnk
djrs jgsA blh rjg beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- vius finj cqtqZxokj beke
gqlSuv-l- dk fQrjk viuh oQkr rd vnk djrs jgsA vkSj beke ckfd+jvl-
vius finj cqtqZxokj beke tS+uqyvkfcnhuv-l- dk fQrjk viuh oQkr rd
vnk djrs jgsA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd vkSj eSa Hkh vius finj
cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jv-l- dh rjQ ls fQrjk vnk dj jgk gqaA ejus okyksa dh
rjQ ls fQrjk vnk djuk okftc ugh cfYd rRroksv ¼dkjs lokc½ gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd fQrjk dh fed+nkj tkS]
xsgqa] lej vkSj vaxwj esa ls flQZ ,d I;kyk gSA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- Qjekrs
gS fd vxj fdlh ds ikl tkS] xsagq] lej] lq[kh [ktwj] fd'kfe'k buesa ls dqN
Hkh fQrjk nsus ds fy;s u gks rks mlds ,ot+ og fnjge fQrjk esa ns ldrk
gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd bZnqyfQrz ds igys
lnd+k ¼fQrjk½ fQrz vnk djuk lqUur gSA
402
jkst+k
403
fdrkcqy lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcqy lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcqy lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcqy lkse oy ,vfrdkQfdrkcqy lkse oy ,vfrdkQ
¼5½¼5½¼5½¼5½¼5½
ekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gksus dk vkSj ml flyflysekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gksus dk vkSj ml flyflysekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gksus dk vkSj ml flyflysekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gksus dk vkSj ml flyflysekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gksus dk vkSj ml flyflys
esa tks rjx+hckr vkbZ gS mudk c;kuesa tks rjx+hckr vkbZ gS mudk c;kuesa tks rjx+hckr vkbZ gS mudk c;kuesa tks rjx+hckr vkbZ gS mudk c;kuesa tks rjx+hckr vkbZ gS mudk c;ku
vYYkkg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
;k v;~;qgy yt+hu% vkeuq dqfrc% vySdqel fl;keks dek dqfrc% vyy
yt+hu% feu d+cfydqe yvYydqe rRrdwu &&&&&&& o fyrqdfeyqy
bn~nr% o fyrqdfCc:Yykg% vyk ek gnkdqe o yvYydqe r'kdq:u
2&2@182&185
rtZqek % ,s bZekunkjks jkst+k j[kuk ftl rjg rqels igys yksxks ij QtZ+ Fkk
blh rjg rqe ij Hkh QtZ+ fd;k x;k gS rkfd rqe bldh otg ls cgqr
ls x+qukgks ls cpks! rkfd rqe jkst+ksa dh fxurh iwjh djks vkSj rkfd [kqnk
us tks rqedks jkg ij yxk fn;k gS ml usver ij mldh cM+kbZ djksA vkSj
rkfd rqe 'kqØ djksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd gj lky ekgs jet+ku dk
jkst+k j[kuk QtZ+ gS vnuk esa vnuk og pht+ ftlls jkst+k reke gksrk gS
og eqvfeu dk fnyh vt+e ¼iDdk bjknk½ vkSj mldh fu;~;r dh lPpkbZ
gSA vkSj mlds ckn fnu Hkj [kkus ihus vkSj ftekv djus ls ckt+ jguk
pkfg;s vkSj jkst+k dh gkyr esa reke vkt+k ¼vaxksa½ ij dkcw j[kuk pkfg;s
vkSj vYykg rvkyk us ftu dkeksa dks gjke dj fn;k gS jkst+nkj dks
pkfg;s fd vius vkt+k dks mu gjke dkeks ls cpk;s] vkSj mu reke ckrksa
ij vey djds ijojfnxkjs vkye dh dqjcr gkfly djuk pkfg;sA
vxj jkst+nkj bu reke ckrks ij vey djs rks mlus jkt+s dk QtZ+ vnk
dj fn;kA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj
tukcs QkfrekrqT+ts+gjkvl- ls ejoh gS vki Qjekrh gS fd jkst+nkj vxj
404
jkst+k dh gkyr esa viuh tq+cku] vius dku] viuh vka[k vkSj tks vius
u¶l dks gjke dkeks ls u cpk;s rks mlds jkst+k dk dksbZ Qk;nk u gksxkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki Qjekrs gS fd
beke ds ukQjeku 'k[l dk jkst+k cslwn vkSj vdkjr ¼csdkj½ gSA blh
rjg Hkkxs gq, xqyke dk Hkh jkst+k vdkjr gSA tc rd fd og vius vkdk
dk eqrhv u cu tk,A vkSj og vkSjr tks vius 'kkSgj dh ukQjeku gS
tc rd fd rkSck u dj ys mldk Hkh jkst+k vdkjr gSA vkSj ml
ukQjeku csVs dk jkst+k vdkjr gS tc rd fd og vius okfyn dk
eqrhv o usdksdkj u cu tk,A
lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- ls fjok;r gS vki vius Qjtanks dks
Qjek;k djrs Fks fd tc ekgs jet+ku 'kq: gks rks vius u¶lksa dks bcknr
esa eqfCryk dj nks D;kasfd bl ekgs eqckjd esa jksft+;k¡ rd+lhe dh tkrh
gSA vkSj veokr ds fnu eqd+jZj fd;s tkrs gS vkSj [kqnk dh cjxkg esa
igqapus okyksa ds uke fy[ks tkrs gS vkSj bl ekgs jet+ku esa ,d ,slh Hkh
jkr vkrh gS ftl jkr esa vey djuk ,d gt+kj eghukas ds vey ls csgrj
gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS ,d erZck vkius ekgs 'kkcku ds
vk[kjh fnuksa esa yksxksa ls f[krkc djds Qjek;k fd , yksxks! ekg cqtqZx
rqe ij lk;k dj pqdk gSA ;g ,d eqckjd eghuk gS blesa ,d ,slh Hkh
jkr vkrh gS ftl jkr esa vey djuk ,d gt+kj eghuksa ds vey ls csgrj
gSA
vxj fdlh us bl ekg eqckjd esa ,d Hkh usd vey djds [kqnk
dh dqjcr gkfly dj yh rks og ml 'k[l ds ekfuan gS ftlus nwljs
eghuksa es ,d Qjht+k vnk fd;k gS vkSj ftlus ekgs jet+ku esa ,d Qjht+k
vnk dj fy;k og ml 'k[l ds ekfuan gS ftlus nwljs eghuks esa 70
Qjkbt+ vnk fd;s gS] ;g lcz djus dk eghuk gS vkSj lcz dk lokc
tUurqy fQjnkSl gSA ;g ,d nwljs ds lkFk gennhZ djus dk eghuk gSA
bl eghus esa eqvfeu dh jkst+h es bt+kQk fd;k tkrk gSA bl ekgs eqckjd
esa tks 'k[l fdlh jkst+snkj dks bQrkj djkrk gS mlds reke xqukg ekQ
gks tkrs gSA vkSj mldks vkfr'ks&nkst+[k ls vktkn dj fn;k tkrk gSA
bldks bQrkj djkus dk vtz jkst+knkj gh ds cjkcj feysxkA mlds vtz
405
esa t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh deh u gksxhA ml oD+r fdlh us ckjxkgs fjlkyrl-vo-
esa vtZ+ fd;k fd , jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ge esa ls gj ,d ds ikl bruk ugh
gksrk fd og fdlh jkst+nkj dks jkst+k bQrkj djk,A ljdkjs nks vkyelvo-
us Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l ikuh esa nw/k Hkh feykdj ;k ,d rej
¼[ktwj½ f[kykdj ;k ,d ?kwaV ikuh fiykdj jkst+nkj dk jkst+k bQrkj
djk,xk rks mldks iwjk lokc feysxkA vkSj tks 'k[l fdlh jkst+nkj dks
isV Hkjdj f[kyk,xk&fiyk,xk rks ijojfnxkjs vkye mldks esjs gkSt+s
dkSlj ls ,slk lSjkc djsxk fd og fQj dHkh I;klk u jgsxkA ekgs jet+ku
oks eghuk gS ftldk vOoy fgLlk jger gSA chp dk fgLlk ex+fQjr gS
vkSj vkf[kjh fgLlk vkfr'ks&nkst+[k ls NqVdkjk gSA ml ekgs eqckjd esa
tks 'k[l vius eeyqd xqyke ij rgQhQ ¼vklkuh½ djsxk vYykg
rvkyk mlds reke x+qukgks dks ekQ dj nsxk vkSj vkfr'ks&nkst+[k ls
mldks vkt+kn dj nsxkA bl ekg eqckjd esa pkj uSd dke T+;knk djksA
nks uSd dke rks ,sls djks ftlls rqEgkjk jc [kq'k gks tk, vkSj nks uSd
dke ,sls gS ftudks fd;s cxS+j dksbZ pkjk gh ugh gSA oks nks uSd dke
ftuls rqe vius jc dks [kq'k dj ldrs gks muesa ls ,d dyserq''kgknr
yk bykg% bYyYykg dk i<+uk vkSj nwljs vYykg rvkyk ls ex+fQjr
ryc djukA vkSj oks nks uSd dke ftudks fd;s cx+Sj rqedks dksbZ pkjk gh
ugh gSA muesa ls ,d rks ;g gS fd rqe ijojfnxkjs vkye ls tUurqy
fQjnkSl dk loky djks vkSj nwljs ;g fd tgUuqe ls vYykg dh iukg
ryc djksA
jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS ,d erZck vki feEcj ij r'kjhQ
ys x;s il igys rks vius vkehu dgk fQj dgk fd , yksxks! vHkh vHkh
ftczbZy esjs ikl vk;s Fks mUgksus dgk fd , eksgEenl-v-o- ftl 'k[l us
ekgs jet+ku dks ik;k ysfdu ml ekgs eqckjd esa mldh ex+fQjr u gqbZ
vkSj og ej x;k rks ,slk 'k[l tgUuqe esa nkf[ky gksxkA [kqnk mldks nwj
j[ks ,s eksgEenl-v-o- dgks vkehuA il eSaus vkehu dgkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
ekgs jet+ku es ftldh ex+fQjr u gqbZ rks mldks vkbank ekgs jet+ku
rd ekQ u fd;k tk,xkA gkykafd vjQk ds eSnku esa tkdj bfLrx+Qkj
djsA gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhu-v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ekgs
jet+ku dk jkst+k vkfr'ks&tgUuqe ds fy;s <ky gSA
406
gt+jr lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
rhu dkekas esa ijojfnxkjs vkye dh [kq'kh gS 1-jkr esa mB dj rgTtqn dh
uekt+ i<+uk] 2- HkkbZ;ksa ls feyuk 3- vkSj jkst+k j[kukA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd gj pht+ dh
t+dkr gS ysfdu rqEgkjs vtlke dh t+dkr jkst+k gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd lkr vkeky
cgqr gh t+:jh vkSj lkfcd+ gS mu ij vPNh rjg ls vey djks %
1- dfyerq''kgknr yk bykg% bYyYykg o vUu% eksgEenu vcngq o
jlwygq 2- fny ls ,gys cSr jlwyv-l- ds lkFk eksgCCr j[kuk] yksxksa dks
ns[kdj ugh fd fny tqnk gksA 3- jkgs [kqnk es ftgkn 4- l[r xehZ ds
fnuks esa jkst+k j[kuk 5- vkSj BaMh ds fnukas esa dkfey rkSj ls oqt+w djuk 6-
ik¡pksa uekt+ks dh ikcanh djuk 7- cSrqYykg gjke dk gt djukA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
mlkek fcu tS+n dks ;g olh;r QjekbZ Fkh fd , mlkek rqe tUur ds
jkLrs ij ykft+e jguk] ns[kks blls gVuk ughA mlkek us vtZ+ fd;k fd
, jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- og dkSu lk vklku t+jh;k gS ftlls ml jkLrs dks r;
fd;k tk ldrk gS \ vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd dM+h /kwi esa I;klk
jguk ¼;kfu jkst+k j[kuk½ vkSj nqfu;k dh fyT+t+r ls u¶l dks jksdukA ,s
mlkek! jkst+k t+:j j[kuk D;ksafd ;g vkfr'ks&tgUuqe ls cpus ds fy;s
<ky gSA vxj rqels ;g gks lds fd tc rqEgkjh ekSr vk;s ml oD+r rqe
Hkq[ks jg ldks rks ,slk djksA , mlkek! jkst+k t+:j j[kuk D;kasfd jkst+k
[kqnk ls dqjcr dk t+jh;k gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- us ckd+h gnhl rwy ds lkFk
lqukbZ FkhA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d
erZck [kkuk&,&dkvck ds njokt+s ds ikl gt+jr vcwt+j x¶Qkjhj v mBs
vkSj bl rjg xks;k gq, fd , yksxks! eSa tunc fcu vldu x¶Qkjhj v
gqaA eSa rqEgkjk ukflg eq'kfQd+ gqqaA esjs ut+nhd vk tkvks pqukapk yksxks us
mUgas ?ksj fy;kA ml oD+r gt+jr vcwt+jj v us Qjek;k fd , yksxks! rqe
esa ls tc dksbZ lQj dk bjknk djrk gS rks og lcls igys t+kns jkg
¼jkLrs dk [kpZ o lkeku½ rS;kj djrk gSA il rks d+;kre dk jkLrk rks
T+;knk lt+kokj gS fd rqe mlds fy;s t+kns jkg rS;kj djksA gkt+jhu esa
ls ,d 'k[l mBk vkSj mlus dgk fd , vcwt+jjv! bl ckjs esa gekjh
407
jsguqekbZ dhft;sA mUgksus dgk fd xqukgs vt+he ls ex+fQjr ds fy;s gt
djksA d+;ker ds fnu ds fy;s ,d jkst+k j[kks vkSj d+cz dh og'kr ls
cpus ds fy;s jkr dh rkjhdh esa nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+ks vkSj vxj gks lds
rks lp ckr dgks vkSj >qB ckr eqag ls u fudkyksA ,d feLdhu dks viuh
rjQ ls [kSjkr nks rkfd rqedks l[r fnu ls futkr fey tk,A nqfu;k
dks nks fgLlks esa rd+lhe dj nksA ,d fgLlk dLcs gyky ds fy;s vkSj
nwljk fgLlk ryc vkf[kjr ds fy;sA ,slh ckr ls cpks tks rqedks
uqdlkunsg gks vkSj uQk c['k u gks rks mldks NksM+ nks vkSj eky dks nks
fnjge es rd+lhe dj nks ,d fnjge rks viuh vkf[kjr ds fy;s [kpZ
djks nwljk fnjge gj jkst+ vius vgyks v;ky ij [kpZ djks vkSj gj jkst+
[kSjkr djksA
jlwys [kqnkl]v]o] ls fjok;r gS fd jkst+snkj dk lksuk bcknr gS vkSj
bldh lkal dh vken&j¶r rLchg gSA vkagt+jrl-v-o- dk b'kkZn gS fd
vYykg Qjekrk gS fd
vllkseks yh o vuk vtt+h fcgh rtqZek % jkst+k esjs fy, j[kk tkrk gSA
il eSa gh bldh tt+k nwaxkA jkst+snkj ds fy, nks [kqf'k;ka gSA ,d rks tc
og jkst+k bQ~rkj djrk gS vkSj nwljk tc og vius ijojfnxkj ls
feysxkA d+le gS ml t+kr ikd dh ftlds d+Ct+s esa eksgEenl]v]o] dh tku
gSA jkst+snkj ds eqag dh cnyh gqbZ cw ijojfnxkjs vkye ds ut+nhd eq'd
dh [kq'kcw ls T+;knk ikdht+k gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd
ijojfnxkj vkye jkst+nkj dks bQrkj djokus vkSj HkkbZ;ks dh eqykdr
vkSj uekt+&rgTtqn ls [kq'k gksrk gSA
jkst+k j[kus dh dSfQ;r dk c;kujkst+k j[kus dh dSfQ;r dk c;kujkst+k j[kus dh dSfQ;r dk c;kujkst+k j[kus dh dSfQ;r dk c;kujkst+k j[kus dh dSfQ;r dk c;ku
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd tc vki igyh jkr
dk pkan ns[krs rks ;g nqvk i<+rs Fks %
408
vYykgks vdcj vYykgqEe% bUuh vlvyksd% [kSj% gkt+''kgfj o Qrggw
o uljgw o uwjgw o fjt+dgq o vÅt+ks fcd% feu 'kfj~jgh o 'kjfj ek
cvngw vkehu ;k jCcy vkyehuA rtqZek % vYykg gh cqtqZx o cM+rj
gS ckjs bykgk! rq>ls eSa bl eghus dh usdh] Qrg] uqljr] uwj vkSj jkst+h
dk loky djrk gqaA vkSj blds vkSj blds ckn esa vkus okys eghus ds 'kj
ls iukg ekaxrk gqaA d+cwy Qjek , jCcqy vkykehuA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd lgjh t+:j [kkvks
pkgs ,d ?kqaV ikuh D;ksa u fi;ks vkSj bQrkj djks pkgs [ktwj dk ,d
VqdM+k gh D;ksa u gksA ;kfu tc bQrkj dk oD+r gks tk;s ml oD+r vkSj
;g Hkh vkius Qjek;k gS fd lgjh [kkus esa cjdr gSA [kqnk ds dqN ,sls
Qfj'rs gS tks lgjh ds oD+r ex+fQjr ryc djus okyksa vkSj lgjh djus
okyksa ij nq:n Hkstrs gS vkSj lgjh [kkus ls gekjs vkSj nwljs et+gc okyksa
ds rjhd+ks esa ,d fd+Le dk Qd+Z gks tkrk gSSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc vYykg
rvkyk us ;g vk;r djhek ukft+y QjekbZ %
o dqyw o'kjcw gRrk ;rc;~;u% ydqeqy [kSrqy vc;t+ks feuy [kSfry
vlofn 2&2@187
rtZqek % vkSj [kkvks ih;ks ;gka rc fd lqcg dh lQsn /kkjh jkr dh dkyh
/kkjh ls vkleku ij iwjc dh rjQ rqEgs lkQ ut+j vkus yxs rks yksxks
us fl;kg vkSj lQsn nksuksa fd+Le dk Mksjk j[kuk 'kq: dj fn;k vkSj og
nksuks /kkxksa dh rjQ ns[krs jgrs vkSj [kkrs ihrs jgrsA ;gka rd fd lQsn
/kkxk dkys /kkxs ls vyx ut+j vkus yxrk FkkA ijojfnxkjs vkye us
lQsn vkSj fl;kg /kkxs ls tks eqjkn yh Fkh mldks mlus vkxs feuy Qtz
dgdj okt+sg dj fn;k gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd Qtz QSyus okyh og lQsnh gS tks
mQd+s e”kfjd+ ls fudyrh gS vkSj Qtz nks gSaA muesa ls Qtsz vOoy t+Ucqy
409
ljtku QSyrh ugh gSA il t+Ucqy ljtku ;kfu Qtz vOoy ds oD+r
[kkuk ihuk dqN Hkh gjke ugh gksrk gSA tc rd fd og jks'kuh mQd ij
nk;as vkSj ck;sa QSy u tk,A ftls Qtz lkfnd+ ;k lqcg lkfnd+ dgrs gSA
bl oD+r jkst+nkj ij [kkuk ihuk oxSjg gjke gks tkrk gSA
jlwys vdjel v o dk bj'kkn gS fd QtZ+ jkst+k vdhnk vkSj fu¸;r
ds lkFk j[kk tk, vxj fdlh us 'kd dh cqfu;kn ij jkst+k j[kk rks og
vklh ¼x+qugxkj½ gSA beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS ekg jet+ku ds ,d fnu
dk eSa jkst+k u j[kq ;g eq>s blls T+;knk ilan gS fd ekg 'kkcku esa ,d
fnu dk jkst+k j[kwa vkSj ml jkst+s ls jet+ku esa bt+kQk dj nwaA vkidk
eryc ;g gS fd bl fnu jkst+k rks j[kk tk, exj ;g ekywe u gks fd
og jet+ku dk fnu gS vkSj fu;~;r gks jet+ku dh rks ,slk djuk okftc
ugh gS ;g Qt+Z esa T+;knrh djus ds cjkcj gSA vkSj QtZ+ esa deh cs'kh
djuk tk;t+ ugh gSA ysfdu ml 'k[l dks ftls ekgs jet+ku esa 'kd gks
tk, fd og ml fnu jkst+k j[ks ftl fnu fd jet+ku gksus dk mls ;d+hu
ugh gSA vkSj ml jkst+k dks 'kkcku dk u¶y jkst+k d+jkj ns vkSj vxj
mldks ckn esa ekywe gks ¼;kfu rrOoksv jkst+k j[kus ds ckn½ fd ekgs
jet+ku 'kq: gks pqdk gS rks ckn esa ml fnu dk d+t+k jkst+k j[ks D;kasfd
mldk 'kkcku dk jkst+k rks uQy Fkk bl rjg nks vtz dk eqLrfgd+
gksxkA jet+ku ds ,d fnu dk Hkh jkst+k d+lnu u NksMuk pkfg;sA vxj
jkst+k NksM+us ds ckn ;d+hu gqvk fd mlus jet+ku ds ,d fnu dk jkst+k
NksM+ fn;k gS rks ;g ml oD+r eqefdu gS tcfd dksbZ 'k[l beke ds
gejkg u gksA ysfdu tc beke ds lkFk gS ;k ml txg ij gS tgka beke
dk gqDe igqap ldrk gS rks ml lwjr esa beke mlds ft+Eesnkj gSA vxj
beke jkst+k j[ksa rks jkst+k j[kuk pkfg;s vkSj jkst+k bQrkj djas rks og Hkh
bQrkj djsA bekeqT+t+eku bl ij ut+j j[krs gSA beke dh otg ls ml
flyflys esa csfu;kt+h gks tkrh gSA beke mu reke mewjs nhu ij ut+j
j[krs gSA ftldh ft+Eesnkjh vYykg rvkyk us mlds lqiqnZ Qjek;k gSA
bekeqT+t+ekuv-l- lkfcr vkSj ;d+hu gh dh cqfu;kn ij jkst+k j[krs vkSj
bQrkj djrs gS vkSj mldk gqDe yksxks dks nsrs gSA
410
ftu ckrksa ls jkst+k VqV tkrk gS mudk c;ku vkSjftu ckrksa ls jkst+k VqV tkrk gS mudk c;ku vkSjftu ckrksa ls jkst+k VqV tkrk gS mudk c;ku vkSjftu ckrksa ls jkst+k VqV tkrk gS mudk c;ku vkSjftu ckrksa ls jkst+k VqV tkrk gS mudk c;ku vkSj
ftlus jkst+k rksM+ fn;k ml ij D;k okftc gS mldkftlus jkst+k rksM+ fn;k ml ij D;k okftc gS mldkftlus jkst+k rksM+ fn;k ml ij D;k okftc gS mldkftlus jkst+k rksM+ fn;k ml ij D;k okftc gS mldkftlus jkst+k rksM+ fn;k ml ij D;k okftc gS mldk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;kr gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck ,d
'k[l vkagt+jrlvo- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gqvk jet+ku dk eghuk Fkk
mlus dgk fd , jlwys [kqnkl-v-o-! eSa rks gykd gks x;kA vkius iqNk dh
oks dSls \ rks mlus vt+Z fd;k dh eSaus viuh vkSjr ds lkFk fnu esa
eqckf'kjr dhA gRrkfd eq> ij 'kgor dk xyck gqvk vkSj fQj eSa mlls
gefCkLrj gqvkA vkil-v-o- us mlls iqNk fd D;k rq fdlh x+qyke dks
vkt+kn dj ldrk gS \ mlus dgk dh eSa fdlh x+qyke dk ekkfyd ugh
gq¡A vkil-v-o- us ml 'k[l ls Qjek;k rks nks eghus ds eqlyly jkst+s
j[kksA mlus vt+Z fd;k fd [kqnk dh d+le eSa jkst+k j[kus dh rkd+r vius
vanj ugh ikrkA vkius Qjek;k fd vPNk tk vkSj 60 elkdhu dks [kkuk
f[kyk nsA mlus vtZ+ fd;k fd eq>esa bldh Hkh rkd+r ughA vkius mldks
iUnzg I;kyk [ktwj nh vkSj mlls dgk fd tk vkSj 60 elkdhu dks f[kyk
nsA ysfdu gj feLdhu dks ,d ,d jry nsukA ml 'k[l us vt+Z fd;k
dh , jlwys [kqnkl-v-o-! ml ijojfnxkj dh d+le ftlus vkidks iSXkEcj
cuk dj Hkstk gS tgka eSa jgrk gq¡ ogka gels T+;knk dksbZ vkSj eksgrkt ugh
gSSA vkius Qjek;k dh vPNk tkvks vkSj bls rq vkSj rsjs vgyks v;ky
feydj [kk tkvksA
beke tkvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj fdlh us jet+ku
ds eghus esa fnu esa d+lnu bQrkj dj fn;k rks ml lwjr esa vxj mlls
gks lds rks ,d xqyke dks vkt+kn dj nsA ;g u gks lds rks nks eghus ds
eqlyly jkst+s j[ksA vkSj ;g Hkh u gks lds rks 60 elkdhu dks [kkuk
f[kyk, vkSj ;g Hkh u gks lds rks [kqnk ds ut+nhd rkSck o bfLrx+Qkj
djs vkSj tc d¶Qkjk vnk djus ds yk;d+ gks rks d¶Qkjk vnk djsA ml
d¶Qkjs ds lkFk lkFk ml ij ml fnu dk d+t+k jkst+k Hkh ml ij j[kuk
ykt+eh gSA ftl fnu mlus jkst+k bQrkj dj fn;k FkkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls eudwy gS vki ,sls 'k[l ds eqrkfYyd+
Qjekrs gS tks fnu esa ekgs jet+ku esa viuh choh ds lkFk eqykbcr
411
¼NsM+&NkM+½ dj jgk FkkA gRrkfd mldh euh ckgj fudy vkbZ rks ml
ij d¶Qkjk vkSj d+t+k jkst+k j[kuk nksuks okftc gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls iqNk x;k fd ,d 'k[l tks jkst+k
dh gkyr esa ekgs jet+ku esa viuh choh dk ckSlk ysrk gS ;k eqckf'kjr
djrk gS rks D;k ,slk djuk equkflc gS \ vkius Qjek;k fd ,slk u
djuk pkfg;sA D;kasfd blesa [krjk gSA bu ckrksa ls cprs gh jguk eq>s
T+;knk ilan gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k
fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l ekgs jet+ku esa fnu esa viuh choh ds lkFk ftekv
djrk gSA tcfd oks lksbZ gqbZ gS vkSj mls bYe ugh ;k etuwuk ¼ukle>½
gSA rks ,sls 'k[l ij d+t+k vkSj d¶Qkjk nksuks okftc gS exj vkSjr ij
u d¶Qkjk u d+t+kA vki Qjekrs gS fd vxj fdlh us jkst+k dh gkyr
esa lqcg dh vkSj fQj og lykrqy Åyk ls igys lks x;k brus esa
tukcrnkj gks x;k fQj oks mBk vkSj nksckjk lks x;k vkSj mlus lykrqy
Åyk ¼Qtz dh uekt+½ vnk ugh i<+hA gRrk fd nwljh uekt+ dk oD+r gks
x;k rks ,sls 'k[l ij ml fnu dk d+t+k jkst+k j[kuk okftc gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l ekgs
jet+ku esa jkr esa viuh choh ds lkFk gefcLrj gks rks mldks rqyw , Qtz
ls igys xq+Ly dj ysuk pkfg;sA vxj mlus xq+Ly ugh fd;k vkSj d+lnu
lks x;k vkSj og tukcr dh gkyr esa mBk rks mldks xq+Ly djds vius
ijojfnxkj ls bfLrx+Qkj djuk pkfg;sA og jkst+k rks reke djs ysfdu
ml fnu dk d+t+k jkst+k ml ij okftc gSA vxj og d+lnu ugh lks;k
gS cfYd mldh vka[kksa esa uhan x+kfyc vk xbZ vkSj blh gkyr esa lqcg gks
xbZ rks og tc Hkh csnkj gks xq+Ly djs vkSj jkst+k reke djsA ml ij dqN
Hkh d+t+k okftc ugh gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- vk;rs djhek %
jCcuk yk rqvkf[kt+uk bu ulhuk vkso v[krkuk
rtZqek % ijojfnxkj ! vxj gels Hkqy pqd gks tk, rks gekjh fxjQr u
djksA bl ckjs esa Qjekrs gS fd ;g nqvk ml 'k[l ds fy;s eqLrtkc gS
tks Hkqy dj jet+ku ds fnu esa bQrkj dj ysA jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- Qjekrs gS
412
fd esjh mEEr ls [krk o Hkwy vkSj og xqukg ftl ij etcwj fd;k x;k
gks ;g lc ejQqv ¼;kfu ekQ gSa½ vxj fdlh us jet+ku esa Hkwy dj [kk
fy;k rks jkst+k iwjk djsA ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSA mldks xks;k
[kqnk us f[kyk;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ tku&cw> dj
dSa ¼myfV;k¡½ djs rks mlus jkst+k ds lkFk et+kd fd;k gSA ml ij ml
fnu dk d+t+k jkst+k j[kuk okftc gSA vxj fdlh dks d+Sa [kqn c [kqn vk
tk, vkSj og ml ij d+kcw u ik lds rks bl lwjr esa ml ij dqN Hkh
okftc ugh gSA
beke tS+uqyvkfcnhuv-l- vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh us [kk
fy;k vkSj ikuh ih fy;k ;k jet+ku esa ftekv dj fy;k tcfd Qtz rqyw
gks pqdh Fkh ysfdu mldks bldk bYe u Fkk vkSj vxj mlus [kkus ls
igys eqrykv dh rjQ ut+j dh Fkh ysfdu mldks rqyw ds vklkj ut+j
u vk;s vkSj tc [kk pqdk rks mlus ns[kk fd Qtz rqyw gks pqdh gSA bl
lwjr esa jkst+k j[ks ml ij dqN vkSj okftc ughA vxj mlus erykv ij
fuxkg Mkyus ls d+Cy ¼igys½ [kk fy;k fQj mldks ekywe gqvk fd mlus
rqyw , Qtz ds ckn [kk;k gS rks ml lwjr esa jkst+k j[k ys ysfdu mldh
txg ij d+t+k jkst+k j[ksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj nks 'k[l mBs muesa
ls ,d ;g dgs fd Qtz gks pqdh gS vkSj nwljk ;g dgs fd eq>s dqN ut+j
ugh vkrk gS vkSj ;g nksuks gh rqyw , Qtj dk bYe j[kus okys vkSj
ran:Lr vka[kks okys gS rks ml lwjr esa ftlds ut+nhd vHkh Qtj rqyw
ugh gqbZ gS og [kk, vkSj ih;s ;gk rd fd ml ij Qtj jks'ku gks tk,
fd ftl ij Qtj jks'ku gks pqdh gks og [kkuk ihuk can dj nsA D;kasfd
[kqnk oans lqCgkugq o rvkyk dk b'kkZZn gS fd %
o dqyw o'kjcw gRrk ;rc;~;u% ydqeqy [kSrqy vc;t+ks feuy [kSfry
vlofn feuy Qtfj 2&2@187A ysfdu mu nksuks esa ls ,d T+;knk
bYe j[krk gks vkSj mldh clkjr T+;knk rst+ gks rks ftldks bYe vkSj
clkjr de gks og mldh iSjoh djsA
413
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd jet+ku ds eghus esa
fdlh us ns[kk fd vkQrkc x+q:c gks pqdk gS vkSj mlus bQrkj dj Mkyk
fQj mls ekywe gqvk fd vHkh vkQrkc xq+:c ugh gqvk gS rks ml lwjr
esa ml ij dqN okftc ugh gS D;ksafd bQrkj esa tYnh djus dk gqDe
fn;k x;k gSA vkSj mldh rjx+hc nh xbZ gS vkSj geus bldk ft+dz Hkh dj
fn;k gSA vkSj tc jkst+nkj ,slk Qsvy djrk gS ftldh rjQ mldks
nkor nh xbZ gS rks mlus dksbZ xqukg ugh fd;k gS u ml ij d+t+k okftc
gSA
vkius jkst+nkj dks lqjek yxkus dh :[klr nh gS c'krsZ fd og
gYd+ esa mldk dksbZ t+k;dk eglwl u djrk gksA bl rjg rkt+k
felokd djus dh :[klr nh gSA ysfdu lw[kk felokd djus esa rks dksbZ
gtz ugh gSA jkst+knkj xksan pck,] 'kksjck vkSj fljdk p[ks vkSj [kkuk p[ks
vkSj cPpks ds fy;s pck, rks mu reke lwjrksa esa ml ij dqN Hkh okftc
ugh gSA ysfdu buesa ls dksbZ pht+ gYd+ rd u igqapus ik, vkSj tks pht+
eqag es j[ks vkSj bl rjg pck;s fd og gYd+ rd u igqpas rks dksbZ gt+Z
ugh gSA ysfdu ,gfr;kru ikuh ls dqYyh Hkh djsA jkst+snkj dk jkst+k ml
oD+r VwV tkrk gS tcfd dksbZ pht+ gYd+ ls uhps mrj tk,A vkils ,sls
jkst+knkj dh ckcr iqNk x;k fd tks fiNUuk ¼mLrjs ls ul ij dV
yxkuk½ yxkrk gSA vkius Qjek;k fd eaS bl [kkSQ ls mlds fy;s ukilan
djrk gq¡ fd dgh og csgks'k u gks tk;sA vkSj ml ij ir dk vlj gksus
ds ckbl dgh dSa u dj cSBsA vxj bldk [kkSQ uk gks rks fQj dksbZ gtZ+
ugh gSA vxj og pkgs rks fiNUuk yxk ldrk gSA vki jkst+snkj ds fy;s
;g u ilan Qjekrs Fks fd jkst+knkj [kq'kcw vkSj Qwy lwa?ks vkSj ikuh esa
Mwcdh yxk;s bl [kkSQ dh otg ls fd bueas ls dksbZ pht+ mlds gYd+
esa u igqap tk, vkSj blfy;s Hkh fd jkst+k dh d+nz djuk vkSj bu ckrks
ls mldks ikd j[kuk t+:jh gS D;kasfd jkst+s dk lokc rks Hkw[k vkSj I;kl
vkSj [kq'kwv ls gkfly gksrk gSA vkSj jkst+k dk lokc [kkl rkSj ls /;ku jgs
vkSj bu pht+ks dh fyT+t+r ls ijgst+ djus ls feyrk gSA vxj dksbZ mij
dh ckrkas ij vey djs vkSj mldks gYd+ esa dksbZ et+k u feyrk gks rks
,slk djus esa ml ij dksbZ pht+ okftc ugh gS ysfdu bu lc ckrksa ls
ijgst+ djuk vQt+y gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- us jkst+snkj dks gqd+uk ¼,uhek½
414
ysus ls euk Qjek;k gSA vxj dksbZ gqd+uk ys rks bQrkj dj ysA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,sls jkst+knkj ds fy;s iqNk x;k tks vius dku esa
rsy ds d+rjs Mkyrk gSA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj mlds gYd+ rd u igqaps
rks ml ij dksbZ gtZ+ ugh gSA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd e[[kh tks dHkh
jkst+knkj ds eqag esa ?kql tkrh gS vkSj og mldks ckgj fudkyus dh dqnjr
ugh j[krk rks mlesa dksbZ gt+Z ugh gS vkSj ,sls jkst+knkj ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk
x;k fd ftlds gYd esa dqYyh djrs oD+r ikuh pyk x;k gSA vkius
Qjek;k fd vxj mldk ;g oqtw+ fdlh Qt+Z uekt+ ds fy;s gS rks fQj
gt+Z ugh gSA vkSj vxj xSj QtZ+ ds fy;s gS rks ml ij d+t+k jkst+k okftc
gSA
lQj esa jkst+k j[kus dk c;kulQj esa jkst+k j[kus dk c;kulQj esa jkst+k j[kus dk c;kulQj esa jkst+k j[kus dk c;kulQj esa jkst+k j[kus dk c;ku
bj'kkn ckjh rvkyk gS fd %
;k v;~;qgy yt+hu% vkeuq dqfrc% vySdqeql fl;keks dek dqfrc% vyy
yt+hu% feu d+cfydqe & & & & Qeu dku% feudqe ejht+u vkso vyk
lQfju Qbn~nrqu feu v;~;kfeu m[kj%&&& 2&2@183&184
rtZqek % , bZeku okyks! jkst+k j[kuk ftl rjg rqe ls igys ds yksxks ij
QtZ+ Fkk mlh rjg rqe ij Hkh QtZ+ fd;k x;k gSA tks 'k[l rqeesa ls chekj
gks ;k lQj esa gks rks mu fnuks esa ftrus d+t+k gq, gks fxudj j[k ysaA
bl vk;rs djhek esa [kqnk oans rvkyk us ,sls eqlkfQj ij tks jet+ku esa
lQj djrk gks ;g okftc Qjek;k gS og vius lQj ds fnuks esa ftrus
jkst+s u j[ks mrus gh nwljs ekg esa j[ksA ml ij lQj esa jkst+k j[kuk
okftc ugh gSA bl bj'kkn ds ckotwn vxj fdlh us jkst+k j[kk rks mlus
,slk jkst+k j[kk tks ml ij Qt+Z u Fkk ml ij rks [kqnk ds bj'kkn ds
eqrkfcd+ ;g okftc Fkk fd og nwljs ekg esa vius lQj ds v¸;ke ds
eqrkfcd+ viuk Qt+Z jkst+k j[ksA
415
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- vkSj vbEek , fdjke o jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d
erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ekgs jet+ku esa lQj bf[r;kj fd;k rks vkius
bQrkj fd;k vkSj vius lkfFk;ksa dks Hkh bQrkj dk gqDe fn;k dqN yksx
jkst+k rksM+us ls :d x;s rks vkius mudks vklh ¼csQjeku½ dgk D;ksafd
vkius mudks ,d gqDe fn;k Fkk ftldks og ctk u yk;s mlus [kqnk ds
gqDe dh ukQjekuh vkSj mlds jlwy ds gqDe dh ukQjekuh dhA vkilvo-
us mudks bQrkj dk blfy;s gqDe fn;k Fkk fd lQj esa tks jkst+s dk gqDe
gS mldks og le> ysA fdrkcqYykg ds gqDe ds eqrkfcd+ mudk jkst+k
j[kuk t+k;t u FkkA vxj dksbZ eqlkfQj jet+ku ds eghus esa jkst+k j[ks
vkSj og ;g [;ky u djs fd og jkst+k mldk dkQh gksxk rks ml lwjr
esa tc lQj ls ykSVs rks d+t+k jkst+k j[ks ,slk djus esa dksbZ gtZ+ ugh gSA
lQj dh gkyr esa ftl eqlkfQj us jkst+k j[kk mldh felky ml 'k[l
dh lh gS tks [kkus ihus ls rks :d x;k ysfdu og njvly jkst+knkj ugh
dgyk,xkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qjek;k fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- us ,d erZck ekgs
jet+ku esa lQj esa jkst+k j[kk vkSj lQj esa bQrkj fd;k vkSj ;g Qjek;k
fd tks 'k[l lQj esa jkst+k j[ks mldks pkfg;s fd og vius eqd+ke ij
okil djsA D;kasfd [kqnk oan rvkyk dk bj'kkn gS fd %
Qbn~nrqu feu v;~;kfeu m[kj% &
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v -l- ds ut+nhd ;g ed:g gS fd vxj
dksbZ 'k[l vius ?kj esa ekStwn gks vkSj jet+ku dk pkan ns[ks fQj Hkh lQj
djs gkykafd lQj ds cx+Sj dksbZ pkjk u gksA vxj dksbZ eqlkfQj ekgs
jet+ku esa vius ?kj ykSV vk, rks mlesa dksbZ gtZ+ ugh gSA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd lQj dh vnuk esa vnuk gn nks cqM+hn
;kfu 24 ehy gSA ftlesa eqlkfQj uekt+ d+lj i<+ ldrk gS vkSj jkst+k
NksM+ ldrk gSA ,d cqM+hn 12ehy dk gksrk gSA vkSj ,d ehy 3000 gkFk
dk gksrk gS vkSj vxj lQj ,d cqM+hn ;kfu 12 ehy dk gS vkSj vkus tkus
esa nks cqM+hn ;kfu 24 ehy gks tkrs gksa rks jkst+k u j[ks vkSj dlj uekt+
i<+sA vki Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l t+oky ls igys vius ?kj okil
416
vk tk;s vkSj mlus ml jkst+ bQrkj u fd;k gks vkSj jkst+k dh fu;~;r
dh gks rks ml fnu ds jkst+s dks jkst+k 'kqekj djs vkSj ml ij d+t+k okftc
ugh gS vkSj vxj jkst+k dh fu;~;r u dh gks vkSj t+oky ds ckn ?kj vk;s
rks ml fnu dk d+t+k jkst+k j[ksA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ eqlkfQj ekgs jet+ku esa
fdlh txg tkdj ogka d+;ke ¼Bgjus½ dh fu;~;r djs rqyw&,&Qtz ls
igys igqaps rks ml ij ml fnu dk d+t+k jkst+k j[kuk okftc gSA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd lQj esa bd+ker ¼Bgjus½ dh eqír nl
fnu gS fygkt+k dksbZ 'k[l lQj esa ekgs jet+ku esa fdlh eqd+ke ij mrjs
vkSj ogka nl jkst Bgjus dh fu;~;r djs rks og jkst+k j[ks vkSj vxj nl
jkst+ dh fu;~;r u djs vkSj ;g dgrk jgs fd vkt fudywaxk] dy
fudywaxk ;gka rd fd ,d eghuk xqt+j tk, rks tc rd ml d'ked'k
esa jgs jkst+k u j[ks vkSj ml ij ckn esa d+t+k jkst+k j[kuk okftc gS tc
rd fd og ogka eqd+he jgsA [okg og jkst+k j[ks ;k u j[ks D;ksafd og
lQj dh gkyr eas gS ;g ml oD+r eqefdu gS tcfd og yxkrkj lQj
esa e'kx+wy jgs vkSj mldk mrjuk ,sls 'kgj es gks tgka mldk dksbZ
fj'rsnkj u gks vkSj vxj ,slh txg bd+ker djs tgka mlds fj'rsnkj
esgjenkj gksa rks og eqd+he dh gkyr esa gS tc rd og vius esgjenkj
fj'rsnkjks esa eqd+he jgs jkst+k j[ks ml ij d+t+k jkst+k j[kuk okftc ugh
gS ;gka rd fd og ogka ls pyk tk,A
chekjh dh gkyr esa jkst+k u j[kus dk c;kuchekjh dh gkyr esa jkst+k u j[kus dk c;kuchekjh dh gkyr esa jkst+k u j[kus dk c;kuchekjh dh gkyr esa jkst+k u j[kus dk c;kuchekjh dh gkyr esa jkst+k u j[kus dk c;ku
vYYkkg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
;k v;~;qgy yt+hu% vkeuq dqfrc% vySdqeql fl;keks dek dqfrc% vyy
yt+hu% feu d+cfydqe & & & Qeu dku% feudqe ejht+u vkso vyk
lQfju Qbn~nrqu feu v;~;kfeu m[kj%&& 2&2@183&184
417
rtZqek % ,s bZekunkjks! jkst+k j[kuk ftl rjg rqe ls igys ds yksxks ij
QtZ+ Fkk mlh rjg rqe ij Hkh Qt+Z fd;k x;k gSA tks 'k[l rqe esa ls
chekj gks ;k lQj esa gks rks mu fnuks esa ftrus jkst+k d+t+k gq, gks fxudj
j[k ysA
[kqnk ds bl bj'kkn ls okftc gksrk gS fd tSlk fd geus lQj
ds ckc esa c;ku fd;k gS fd eqlkfQj ij jkst+k okftc ugh gS blh rjg
ejht+ ij Hkh ekgs jet+ku esa jkst+k j[kuk okftc ugh gSA ysfdu chekj ij
ml oD+r jkst+k okftc gS tc fd og ran:Lr gks tk, vkSj og jkst+k j[k
ldsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd ejht+ dh ,d gn
eqd+jZj gSA ftlesa ejht+ ij mlh rjg jkst+k j[kuk okftc ugh gS tSls fd
eqlkfQj ij D;ksafd [kqnk dk bj'kkn gS fd
Qeu dku% feudqe ejht+u vkso vyk lQfju Qbn~nrqu feu v;~;kfeu
m[kj% il ejht+ dh og gn ;g gS fd og jkst+k u j[k lds vkSj vxj
og jkst+k rks j[k ldrk gks ysfdu vxj jkst+k j[kus ls mldh chekjh c<+
tk,xh vkSj mldh tku dks [krjk gksxk rks jkst+k u j[ksA og bl
flyflys esa vehu vkSj c bf[r;kj gS vxj mldks [kkSQ eglwl gks rks
jkst+k NksM+ ns vkSj vxj jkst+k j[kus dh rkd+r gks rks jkst+k j[ksaA [okg
dksbZ Hkh chekjh gks tc rd et+Z gks jkst+k u j[ksA tc ejht+ ran:Lr gks
tk, vkSj jkst+k j[k lds rks jkst+k j[ks tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk dk
bj'kkn gS %
Qbn~nrqu feu v;~;kfeu m[kj% ;kfu brus jkst+k j[ks ftrus fnu og
chekj Fkk vkSj jkst+k u j[k ldrk gks [okg bQrkj fd;k gks ;k [kkus ihus
ls ckt+ jgk gks vkSj d+t+k jkst+k j[ks tSlk fd geus lQj ds ckc esa fy[kk
gSA vkSj vxj ejht+ dh chekjh nkbeh gS vkSj f'kQk dh dksbZ mEehn ugh
gS ;k chekjh dk flyflyk ;gka rd njkt+ gks fd nwljs jet+ku dk pkan
fudy vk;s rks ml lwjr esa tks igyk jet+ku xqt+j pqdk gS mlds gj
fnu ds ,ot+ ftlesa og chekj Fkk ,d feLdhu dks fuLQ lkv ¼vk/kk
418
I;kyk½ [kkuk f[kyk;sA
blh rjg ;g fjok;r gt+jr vyhv-l- vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls
ejoh gS fd veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc ekgs jet+ku dk QtZ+
jkst+k j[kus dk gqDe ukft+y gqvk rks lkFk gh lkFk ;g vk;r Hkh mrjh
fd
o vyy yt+hu% ;qrhdwugw fQn;rqu rvkeks feLdhu 2&2@184A ml
oD+r ,d cq<+k vkneh nks vknfe;ksa ds lgkjs jlwys vdjel-v-o- dh f[kner
esa gkft+j gqvk vkSj vtZ+ fd;k fd , jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ekgs jet+ku ds jkst+s
Qt+Z gS vkSj eaS jkst+k j[kus dh rkd+r ugh j[krkA vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd
tkvks vkSj [kkvks ih;ks vkSj gj jkst+ vk/kk I;kyk fdlh feLdhu dks [kkuk
f[kyk nks vkSj ,d ;k nks jkst+ ftrus fnu Hkh rqe jkst+k j[k ldrs gks
j[kksA ,d erZck ,d vkSjr vkbZ vkSj mlus vt+Z fd;k fd , [kqnk ds
jlwyl-v-o- eSa gkfeyk vkSjr gq¡ vkSj jet+ku dk eghuk lj ij vk igaqpk gS
vxj eSa jkst+k j[krh gq¡ rks eq>s vius iSnk gksus okys cPps dh tku dk
[krjk gSA vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd rq Hkh pyh tk vkSj jkst+k u j[k vkSj
tc jkst+k ij dqnjr gks rks jkst+k j[kA ,d erZck ,d I;kl dh f'kír dk
ejht+ vkids ikl vk;k vkSj mlus vt+Z fd;k fd , jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ekgs
jet+ku ftlds jkst+s Qt+Z gS lj ij vk igqapk gS esjk ;g gky gS fd eSa
I;kl dks ,d yEgk Hkh cjnk'r ugh dj ldrk gq¡A vxj eSus I;kl jksdh
rks eq>s viuh tku [krjs essa ut+j vkrh gSA vkil-v-o- us Qjek;k fd rqe
Hkh tkvks [kkvks fi;ks vkSj tc jkst+k j[k ldks ml oD+r j[kksA ;gka
det+ksj ukrok 'ks[k ml ejht+ ds eqd+ke ij gS tks nkbeqy ejht+ gSA
ftldh f'kQk dh dksbZ mEehn ughA ,slk 'k[l ftrus jkst+s NksMs+ mrus
jkst+s ds ,ot+ feLdhu dks [kkuk f[kyk, vkSj ;gh lwjr mlh cq<+h vkSjr
dh gS tks jkst+k u j[k ldsA gkfeyk vkSjr vkSj nq/k fiykus okyh vkSjr
ml ejht+ ds gky esa gS ftls viuh tku dk [kkSQ gSA ;g nksuks Hkh jkst+k
u j[ksA ysfdu tc ;g yksx jkst+k j[k lds rks ml oD+r jkst+k j[ksA blh
rjg og 'k[l tks I;kl dh f'kn~nr ij dkcw u j[k lds ejht+ ds njts
esa gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv]l] Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l ekg
419
jet+ku esa chekj iM+ x;k vkSj mlh gky esa bfUrd+ky dj x;k rks ml
lwjr esa ejus okys dh rjQ ls ml ekg jet+ku ds jkst+s d+t+k djuk
mlds oyh ij okftc ugh xks;k ekSr jkst+k j[kus ls ekfuv gqbZA ysfdu
chekj gks vkSj fQj ran:Lr gks x;k vkSj og ftrus fnu chekj jgk mrus
fnu dk jkst+k d+t+k u j[k ldk vkSj ckn esa bfUrd+ky dj x;k rks ml
lwjr esa mlds oyh ¼fj'rsnkjks½ dks yk;d+ gS vkSj eqLrfgc gS fd og
mldh rjQ ls d+t+k jkst+k j[ksA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS enksZ
esa ls ejus okyks dk tks lcls vd+jc oyh gks og mldh rjQ ls d+t+k
jkst+k j[ks vkSj vkSjr enZ dh rjQ ls d+t+k jkst+k u j[ksA vki Qjekrs gS
fd ejht+ vkSj eqlkfQj nksuksa esa ls tks ftrus fnu chekj jgk ;k lQj esa
jgk gks og ekgs jet+ku dk d+t+k jkst+k j[ksA pkgs rks ,d lkFk j[ks ;k
eqrQfj~jd+ j[ksA D;kasfd vYykg rvkyk us Qdr
Qbn~nrqu feu v;~;kfeu m[kj% Qjek;k gSA fygkt+k flQZ rknkn iwjh
djuk ml ij okftc gSA ft+ygt ekg esa d+t+k jkst+k j[kuk gt+jr
vyhvl- ds ut+nhd ed:g gSA D;ksafd vki Qjekrs gS fd ;g bcknr dk
eghuk gSA
jkst+k bQrkj djus dk c;kujkst+k bQrkj djus dk c;kujkst+k bQrkj djus dk c;kujkst+k bQrkj djus dk c;kujkst+k bQrkj djus dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
lqEe% vfrEeql fl;ke% byy ySy 2&6@186
rtqZek % fQj jkr rd jkst+k iwjk djksA
bl flyflys esa ,gys cSr fdjke-v l- ls ge rd tks fjok;r vkbZ
gS muesa bl ckr ij btekv ¼vdlj myekvksa dk ,d er½ gS fd jkr
dh gn tcfd jkst+knkj ds fy;s jkst+k bQrkj djuk tkbt+ gS oks ;g gS
fd lwjt mQd+s ex+fjc ¼if'pe½ esa ml gkyr esa Mwc tk, fd mlds
njfEk;ku dksbZ ,slh pht+ gkby u gks tks mldks vkj djrh gks] tSls
420
igkM+] nhokj oxSjg il tc lwjt dh fVd;k mQd+ exfjc esa xk;c gks
tk, rks jkr gks xbZA vkSj ml oD+r jkst+nkj ds fy;s bQrkj gyky gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd bQrkj esa tYnh
djuk vkSj lsgjh es rk[khj ¼nsjh½ djuk lqUur gSA vkSj bQrkj ls d+Cy
exfjc dh uekt+ i<+uk lqUur gSA gkykafd [kkuk gkft+j gks rks igys
bQrkj dj fy;k tk, fQj uekt+ i<+h tk,] [kkuk NksM+dj uekt+ u 'kq:
dh tk,A vki Qjekrs gSa fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrl-v-o- ds ikl Hkwuk gqvk
xkS'r vk;kA ml oD+r gt+jr fcykyj-v- vt+ku ns pqds FksA vkius mudks
FkksM+h nsj Bgj tkus dk gqDe fn;kA ;gka rd fd vkil-v-o- vkSj ge lc
[kkus ls Qkfjx gks pqds fQj vkil-v-o- us nw/k eaxok;k ftls vkius vkSj
geus fi;kA fQj vkil-v-o- us fcykyj-v- dks bd+ker dk gqDe fn;k fQj
bd+ker ds ckn geus vkil-v-o- ds lkFk uekt+ i<+hA vkiv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd
tc jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- bQrkj Qjekrs rks ;g nqvk i<+rs Fks %
vYykgqEe% yd% lqeuk o fcd% vkeUuk o vyk fjt+fd+d+% vQrjuk
Qrd+Ccygks feUuk t+gct+ t+ekvks oerykvfry m:d+ks o cfd+;y
vtjks ba'kk vYykgks rvkykA
rtZqek % ckjs bykgk! geus rsjs okLrs jkst+k j[kk vkSj rsjh nh gqbZ jkst+h ls
bQrkj fd;kA il bls gekjh tkfuc ls d+cwy QjekA I;kl cq> xbZ jxs
lSjkc gks pqds vkSj vtz ckd+h jg x;kA bU'kk vYykgA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tc rqedks fgyky ¼pkan½
ut+j vk tk, ;k mldks nksa vkfny 'k[l fnu esa ns[k ysa rks ml lwjr
esa rqe tc rd lwjt M+wc u tk, bQrkj u djksA [okg ,slk fnu ds 'kq:
esa gks ;k vkf[kj esa vkSj pkan ns[kus ds fnu ls ysdj tc rd rhl jksts+
iwjs u gks tk, rc rd jkst+s j[kuk can u djks] vkSj vxj fQj nks ,sls
xokgksa dh 'kgknr ekStwn gks tks ml ckr dh 'kgknr ns fd mUgksus
fgyky dks ns[kk gS rks jkst+k u j[ksA
421
ySyrqy d+nz ¼'kcs d+nz½ dk c;kuySyrqy d+nz ¼'kcs d+nz½ dk c;kuySyrqy d+nz ¼'kcs d+nz½ dk c;kuySyrqy d+nz ¼'kcs d+nz½ dk c;kuySyrqy d+nz ¼'kcs d+nz½ dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk bj'kkn gS fd %
bUuk vut+yukgks Qh ySyfry d+fnz && 30&97@1
rtqZek % geus bl dqjvku dks 'kcs d+nz esa mrkjk&&A
gk ehe oy fdrkfcy eqchu bUuk vut+yukgks Qh ySyfru eqckjdfru
bUuk dqUuk eqfUt+jhu Qhgk ;qQjdk+s dqYyks vefju gdhe veju feu
bfUnuk bUuk dqUuk eqjflyhu 25&44@1
rtqZek % okts+g o jks'ku fdrkc ¼dqjvku½ dh d+le geus bldks eqckjd
jkr ¼'kcs d+nz½ esa ukft+y fd;kA cs'kd ge vt+kc ls Mjkus okys gSa ml
jkr dks reke nqfu;k dh fgder o efLygr ds ¼lky Hkj ds½ dke Qsly
fd;s tkrs gSaA ;kfu gekjs ;gka ls gqDe gksdj cs'kd ge iSXk+Ecjks dks Hkstrs
jgs gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vki Qjekrs gS fd vk;r djhek
%
ruT+t+yqy eykbd%rks oj :gks Qhgk esa Qfj'rks ls eqjkn ySyrqy d+nz
ds mu Qfj'rks ls gS tks vkleku ls nqfu;k dh rjQ vkdj lky Hkj esa
canks dks ftu ftu mewj ls nks pkj gksuk iM+sxk rgjhj djrs gSaA rd+nhe
o rk[khj dk bf[r;kj vYykg rvkyk ds d+Ct+s e'kh;r esa gksrk gSA ftl
pht+ dks pkgs eqd+íe djs ftl pht+ dks pkgs eksof[[kj djs pkgs rks feVk
ns] pkgs rks ckd+h j[ksA [kqnk gh ds ikl mEeqy fdrkc gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd , yksxks! rqe ekgs
jet+ku dh 17oh jkr] 19oh jkr] 21oh jkr] 23eh jkr esa [kqnk ls gt
422
cSrqYykg dk loky djks D;kasfd gj lky 'kcs d+nz esa mewj&,&nqfu;k dks
fy[kk tkrk gSA bl 'kc ds eqrkfYyd+ bj'kkns ckjh gS fd bl 'kc esa gj
vez QSly fd;k tkrk gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ySyrqy d+nz dh vyker ;g gS fd
bl jkr [kud gok pyrh gS vxj ;g jkr lnhZ ds ekSle esa vk, rks xehZ
esglwl gksrh gS vkSj xehZ esa vk, rks lnhZ esglwl gksrh gSA vkius vkSj
vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke tSuqyvkfcnhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
[kqnkl-v-o- us bu nks jkrks esa x+kfQy jgus ls euk Qjek;k gSA 21oh jkr
vkSj 23oh jkr vkSj bl jkr esa lksus ls Hkh euk Qjek;k gS jlwys [kqnklvo-
us ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd tks 'k[l 'kcs d+nz esa bcknr djsxk [kqnk mlds
vxys vkSj fiNys xqukg ekQ dj nsxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ,d erZck d+chyk tghuk dk ,d
enZ jlwys [kqnklvo- dh f[kner esa gkft+j gqvk mlus dgk fd ;k jlwyqYykglvo-
esjs ikl ÅaV] HksM+sa] vkSj xqyke gSa ekgs jet+ku esa fdlh ,slh ,d jkr esa
bcknr dk eq>s gqDe nsa rkfd ekgs jet+ku esa vkdj uekt+ esa gkft+j gks
tkšA vkius mldks vius d+jhc cqyk;k vkSj mlds dku esa vkfgLrk ls
dqN dgkA pqukapk og d+chyk tghuh dk enZ tc ekgs jet+ku dh 23oh
'kc vkbZ rks mlus vius ÅaV] HksM+ vgyks v;ky ds lkFk enhuk esa vkdj
jkr xqt+kjh vkSj tc lqcg gks xbZ rks vius vly eqd+ke ij pyk x;kA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ySyrqy d+nz ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k fd og dkSulh
'kc gS rks vkius Qjek;k fd ekgs jet+ku ds vkf[kjh v'kjk esa gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd jlwys [kqnkl-v-o- ls iqNk x;k
fd ySyrqy d+nz dkSulh 'kc gS rks vkius Qjek;k fd bl 'kc dks ekgs
jet+ku ds vkf[kjh v'kjk esa ryk'k djksA D;ksafd eq>s [okc esa crk;k x;k
Fkk ysfdu fQj esa Hkqyk fn;k x;kA exj eq>s bruk t+:j ;kn gS fd eSaus
ml jkr esa vius vki dks ikuh vkSj dhpM+ esa uekt+ i<+rs ns[kk FkkA
pqukapk tc 23oh jkr vkbZ rks l[r ckfj'k gqbZ vkSj efLtn dh Nr ls
ikuh Vidus yxkA jlwyqYykgl-v-o- us gedks uekt+ i<+kbZ ml gkyr esa
fd vkidh ukd dk fljk dhpM+ esa FkkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ySyrqy d+nz dks vkf[kjh v'kjk esaa
ryk'k djks D;ksafd bcknr ds eq'kkbj lkr gS vkSj vkleku lkr gS] t+ehu
lkr gS] xk;s lkr gS] rkt+k ?kkl lkr gS vkSj bUlku Hkh lkr pht+ksa ij
423
ltnk djrk gSA vki Qjekrs gS fd jlwys [kqnklvo- ekgs jet+ku ds
vkf[kjh v'kjk esa viuk fcLrj yisV nsrs Fks vkSj dej dl ysrs Fks vkSj
vius ,gys cSrv-l- dks 23oh 'kc esa txkrs vkSj ml jkr esa tks lks tkrs
rks vki muds psgjks ij ikuh fNM+drs FksA gt+jr QkfrerqTts+gjkv-l- vius
?kj esa ml 'kc esa fdlh dks lksus ugh nsrh FkhA mudk bykt FkksM+s ls
[kkus ls djrh FkhA bl 'kc ds fy;s vki fnu ls rS;kfj;k¡ djrh FkhA vkSj
dgrh Fkh fd og 'k[l cgqr gh ukeqjkn gS tks bl jkr dh [Skjks cjdr
ls eg:e jgkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd ekgs jet+ku esa 17oh 'kc og 'kc
gS ftlesa nks fxjksg feys gSA vkSj 19oh 'kc esa lky Hkj ds mewj fy[ks tkrs
gS vkSj 21oh 'kc esa uch;ksa ds vkSlh;kvksa dk bfUrd+ky gqvk Fkk vkSj mlh
'kc esa gt+jr bZlkv-l- vkleku dh rjQ jQv fd;s x;s Fks vkSj mlh 'kc
esa ewlkv-l- us folky Qjek;k FkkA vkSj 23oh 'kc esa ySyrqy d+nz dh
mEehn dh tkrh gSA
lqUur vkSj u¶y jkst+s dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y jkst+s dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y jkst+s dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y jkst+s dk c;kulqUur vkSj u¶y jkst+s dk c;ku
geus fdrkcqLlykr esa vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ds bLukn ls lqUur
uekt+ ds eqrkfYyd+ fjok;r dks uD+y dj fn;k gSA vkSj oks QtZ+ ls nqxuh
gSA blh rjg jkst+k eas Hkh ekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k QtZ+ gsS vkSj lqUur jkst+k
Hkh gS ftlls cs jx+crh u djuh pkfg;sA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- vkSj vkids ,gys cSrv-l- lqUUkr jkst+ks ij ykft+e
jgrs FksA blh rjg muds f'k;k Hkh ikcan gksrs gSA lqUUkr ds jkst+s Hkh Qt+Z
jkst+ks ls nksa xqusa gS vkSj u¶y jkst+k Hkh gSA og rrOoksv gSA tSlkfd geus
rrOoks uekt+ ds eqrkfYyd+ uekt+ ds ckc esa c;ku fd;k gSA vxj dksbZ
'k[l u¶y jkst+s ftrus j[kuk pkgs j[k ldrk gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vki Qjekrs gS fd gj lky
tks jkst+k QtZ+ gS og jet+ku dk jkst+k gS tks ,slk eghuk gS fd gj lky
vkrk gSA vkSj lqUur ds jkst+s QtZ+ ls nksa xqus gS vkSj mudh rQlhy ;g
gS gj ekg esa lqUur ds rhu jkst+sa gSaA gj ekg ds nl fnu esa ,d jkst+k
j[kuk pkfg;sA nks tqEEksjkr ds njfEk;ku cq/k ds fnu jkst+k j[ksaA igyk
424
tqEesjkr eghus ds 'kq: esa vkrk gS vkSj cq/k dk oks fnu tks eghus ds fuLQ
fgLls ls d+jhc gksrk gS fQj eghuk ds vkf[kjh tqEesjkr ds fnu j[ks
ftlds ckn dksbZ tqEesjkr dk fnu ugh vkrkA vkSj ekg 'kkcku ds jkst+s
j[ks il ;g Hkh ekfuan QtZ+ jkst+s ds gS bu jkst+ks dh rQlhy ;g gS fd
gj ekg esa rhu&rhu fnu jkst+k j[ksa bl rjg nl eghus esa jksts+ j[ksa rks
dqy rhl jksts+ gksaxs vkSj blds ckn 'kkcku dk jkst+k j[ksa rks dqy nks ekg
ds jksts+ gks tk,saxsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj jlwys
vdjel-v-o- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd gj eghus esa tks 'k[l
rhu jkst+k j[ksxk rks og lokc esa ml 'k[l ds cjkcj gksxk ftlus lky
Hkj jkst+k j[kk gS D;ksafd ijojfnxkjs vkye us Qjek;k gS fd %
eu tkv fcyglufr Qygw v'kjks velkfygk 8&6@161
rtZqek % tks 'k[l uSdh djsaxk rks mldk mldks nl xquk lokc feysxkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- vkSj beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls Hkh
;gh fjok;r eudwy gS vkSj og reke vbEek rkfgjhuv-l- ls vkSj vkagt+jrlvo-
ls ;g fjok;r eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd ;g 'kkcku
esjk eghuk gS vkSj jet+ku vYYkkg rvkyk dk eghuk gS ;g crkSj rvt+he
ds dgk x;k gS ojuk reke eghus vYykg rvkyk ds gSaA 'kkcku dks
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us blfy;s viuk eghuk Qjek;k gS fd vkil-v-o- ekgs 'kkcku
dk jkst+k j[krs Fks gt+jr vyh us Qjek;k gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- 'kkcku
vkSj jet+ku dk jkst+k ,d lkFk j[krs Fks vkSj vki ;g Hkh Qjekrs Fks fd
;g nksuksa eghus vYYkkg ds gS ;g nksuks eghus vius d+Cy vkSj ekcvn dk
d¶Qkjk gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd 'kkcku
vkSj jet+ku nksukas eghukas ds jkst+s d+le c[kqnk vYykg dh tkfuc ls
d¶Qkjk gS blds ckn vkius ;g vk;r djhek frykor Qjek;h %
Qfl;keks 'kgjsfu eqrrk fc,fu rkscru feuyYykgs 5&4@92
rtZqek % bldk d¶Qkjk [kqnk dh rjQ ls yxkrkj nks eghus ds jkst+sa gSA
425
jlwys vdjel-v-o ls fjok;r gS fd vki lc eghuks ls T+;knk ekg
'kkcku esa jkst+k j[krs FksA vki nwljs eghuksa vkSj fnuksa esa vdlj u¶y
jkst+k j[kk djrs FksA vki brus jkst+sa j[kk djrs Fks fd vkids ckjs essa dgk
tkus yxk fd vki bQrkj gh ugh djrsA vkSj tc bQrkj djrs rks ;g
dgk tkrk fd vki xks;k jkst+k gh ugh j[krs gSA clk vkSdkr rks ,d fnu
jkst+k j[krs rks nwljs fnu u j[krs vki Qjekrs fd ;g l[r rjhu jkst+k
gS ;g gt+jr nkÅnv-l- dk jkst+k gSA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- vdlj v¸;keqy cht+ ds jkst+s ;kfu gj eghus 13oh
14oh vkSj 15oh rkjh[kks esa jkst+k j[krs Fks vkSj dHkh dHkh rks jtc] 'kkcku]
jet+ku rhuks eghuks dk eqlyly jkst+k j[krs FksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tks
'k[l ekgs jtc dk jkst+k ,d lky j[ksxk rks ,d lky ds fy;s mlls
nkst+[k nwj gks tk,xhA vxj nks lky j[ks rks nks lky ds fy;s nwj gks
tk,xhA blh rjg dksbZ ewlyly lkr lky rd jtc dk jkst+k j[ks rks
nkst+[k ds lkrks njokt+s ml ij can dj fn;s tk,axs vkSj vxj vkB lky
rd eqlyly ekgs jtc dk jkst+k j[ksxk rks tUur ds vkBksa njokt+s ml
ij [kksy fn;s tk,axsA vxj fdlh us nl lky rd j[kk rks mlls dgk
tk,xk fd fQj vey 'kq: dj tks ftruk T+;knk vey djsaxk [kqnk
mldks vtz Hkh T+;knk nsxkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki Qjekrs gS fd
d'rh uwg jkst+s vk'kwjk twnh igkM+ ij Bgjh Fkh ml oD+r gt+jr uwgv-l-
us vius gelQj ftUuksa vkSj bUlkuksa dks gqDe fn;k fd oks vk'kwjk ds fnu
dk jkst+k j[ks ijojfnxkj us vk'kwjk ds fnu gh vknev-l- dh rkSck d+cwy
dh Fkh vkSj vk'kwjk ds gh fnu d+kbe vgys cSrv-l- dk tqgwj gksxkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd vxj fdlh
us vjQk ds fnu jkst+k j[kk rks mlus t+ekus Hkj jkst+k j[kkA beke
ckfd+jvl- ls Hkh tc vjQk ds jkst+s dh ckcr iqNk x;k rks mUgksaus Hkh ,slk
gh tokc fn;k ysfdu mUgkasus bruk ;g Hkh dgk fd vxj fdlh dks bl
ckr dk [krjk gks fd og ekSd+Q esa jkst+k dh gkyr esa [kM+k gksxk rks nqvk
o loky vkSj d+;ke cjkcj vnk ugh dj ldsxk rks og jkst+k u j[ks
D;kasfd ;kSes vjQk rks nqvk vkSj loky dk fnu gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tks 'k[l lokc
426
ds [kkfrj tqEkvk dk jkst+k j[ksxk rks xks;k mlus nks tqEkvk ds chp ds
fnuks dk Hkh jkst+k j[k fy;k mlds lkFk nwljs fnuks dk Hkh jkst+k j[ksA pkgs
tqEkvk ds d+Cy j[ks ;k tqEkvk ds ckn fdlh fnu jkst+k j[ksA D;ksafd
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us vkSj fnuks dks NksM+dj tqEkvk ds fnu dks jkst+k ds fy,
e[klwl djus ls euk Qjek;k gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftl 'k[l ij
QtZ+ jkst+k j[kuk ckd+h gS mlls u¶y jkst+k d+cwy u fd;k tk,xkA tc
rd fd Qt+Z jkst+k d+t+k u djsxkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,d 'k[l dh ckcr iqNk x;k ftl
ij ekgs jet+ku dk jkst+k ckd+h Fkk og u¶y jkst+k j[k ldrk gS fd ugh\
vkius Qjek;k fd tc rd og QtZ+ jkstk u j[k ns ml oD+r rd u¶y
jkst+k u j[ksA mlds ckn ftruk pkgs u¶y jkst+k j[ksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck ,d 'k[l us vkidh
f[kner esa ;g f'kdk;r is'k dh mldh choh vDlj jkst+k j[kk djrh gSA
bl rjg og mls vius ls nwj j[krh gSA vkius Qjek;k fd tc rd og
rqels btkt+r ryc u djs mldk jkst+k edcwy u gksxkA flok ;g ml
okftc o QtZ+ jkst+k ds ftudk j[kuk ml ij vYYkkg dh rjQ ls QtZ+
gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd
vxj fdlh 'k[l us vius HkkbZ ds fy;s rdyhQ mBk dj [kkuk idk;k
gks vkSj mldks nkor nh gks nj gkykafd og jkst+nkj gS rks jkst+k bQrkj
djus vkSj [kkuk [kk ysus esa dksbZ gtZ+ ugh gSA c'krsZ fd mldk ;g jkst+k
u rks QtZ+ gks u ut+j dk jkst+k gks vkSj u fnu <y pqdk gksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
lqcg gks xbZ vkSj fdlh us jkst+k j[kus dh fu;~;r u dh fQj mldh ;g
jk; gqbZ fd og u¶y jkst+k j[k ys rks ,slk ml oD+r rd dj ldrk gS
tc rd fd lwjt dk t+oky u gqvk gks mlh rjg lqcg gks xbZ vkSj
mlus u¶y jkst+k j[kk Fkk rks og lwjt ds t+oky ds d+Cy jkst+k bQrkj
dj ldrk gSA vkius Qjek;k fd ;kSes bZn my fQrz ds fnu jkst+k u
j[kuk pkfg;s vkSj u bZnqy vngk ¼cdjk bZn½ ds fnu vkSj u mlds ckn
rhu fnu rd jkst+k j[kuk pkfg;sA cdjk bZn ds ckn tks rhu fnu gksrs
gS mudks v¸;keqy r'kjhd dgk tkrk gSA mu rhu fnuks esa blfy;s jkst+k
427
u j[ks fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd ;g [kkus ihus ds fnu gSA vkius
ges'kk jkst+k j[kuk Hkh ed:g Qjek;k gSA vkSj jkst+ks esa eqlyly ;kfu
nks fnu ;k nks ls T+;knk fnuks rd eqlyly jkst+k j[kuk vkSj jkr esa
bQrkj u djuk ed:g Qjek;k gSA
,vfrdkQ dk c;ku,vfrdkQ dk c;ku,vfrdkQ dk c;ku,vfrdkQ dk c;ku,vfrdkQ dk c;ku
vYYkkg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
o yk rqckf'k:gqUu% o vurqe vkfdQwu% fQy elkftfn 2&2@187
rtZqek % vkSj tc rqe efLtnks esa ,vfrdkQ djus cSBks rks mu ¼vkSjrksa½s
ls ¼jkr dks Hkh½ ge fcLrjh u djksA ;kfu vkSjrks ls ,vfrdkQ dh gkyr
esa jkr dks Hkh ge fcLrjh u djksA vkfdQ ds ekuh eqd+he ds gSA vkSj
,vfrdkQ fQy efLtn ls efLtn esa Bgjuk eqjkn gS bl vk;r esa
vkfdQ ls og 'k[l eqjkn gS tks efLtn esa eqd+he gS og u fnu esa ckgj
fudys vkSj u jkr esa] cl uekt+ vkSj ft+dzs bykgh ds fy;s vius vkidks
efLtn esa dSn dj nsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj vkSj vkids
vkck , fdjkevl- ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd ekgs
jet+ku ds vkf[kjh v'kjk dk ,vfrdkQ nks gt vkSj nks mEkjkg ds cjkcj
gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrl-vo-
us jet+ku ds vkf[kjh v'kjk dh igyh jkr esa [kqrck i<+k vkSj gEn o
lukv ds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd , yksxks! ijojfnxkjs vkye us rqedks
rqEgkjs ftUuks vkSj bUlkuks esa ls tks Hkh nq'eu gS muls iukg nh gS vkSj
rqels vveky d+cwy djus dk oknk fd;k gSA tSlkfd bl vk;r djhek
esa vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd
mnÅuh vLrftc ydqe 24&40@60
428
rtZqek % rqe eq>ls nqvk, ekaxks eSa rqEgkjh nqvk d+cwy d:axkA , yksxks!
lquks vYykg rvkyk us gj ljd'k 'kSrku ij lkr Qfj'rks dks rSukr dj
fn;k gSA il tc rd fd rqEgkjk ;g eghuk jet+ku iwjk u gksxkA fdlh
Hkh 'kSrku dks vkt+kn u fd;k tk,xk] lquks! bl eghus esa vOoy 'kc ls
ysdj vkf[kj 'kc rd vkleku ds njokt+s [kqys gq, gksrs gSA vkSj lquks!
blh eghus esa gj nqvk ed+cwy gSA mlds ckn vkagt+jrl-v-o- dejcLrk gq,
vkSj bt+kjcan dks dl dj cka/kk vkSj cSrqy'kjQ ls ckgj r'kjhQ yk;s
vkSj vkf[kjh v'kjk dh reke jkrks esa efLtn ds vanj ekSrfdQ jgs vki
gj jkr dks bcknr esa xqt+kjrs Fks vkSj ex+fjc o b'kk ds njfe;ku gj 'kc
dks xq+Ly Qjekrs FksA
beke tkvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ,d erZck ,d lky ekgs jet+ku ds vOoy v'kjk esa
,vfrdkQ fd;k vkSj nwljh erZck nwljs lky chp ds v'kjk esa ,vfrdkQ
fd;k vkSj fQj rhljs lky vkf[kjh v'kjk esa ,vfrdkQ fd;kA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ;g Hkh fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd
jkst+k dh gkyr gh esa ,vfrdkQ fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj tkek efLtn
ds vanj gh ,vfrdkQ gks ldrk gS vkSj ekSrfdQ u vius ?kj esa uekt+
i<+s vkSj u viuh choh ls ge fcLrj gks vkSj u [kjhn o Qjks[r djs vkSj
bUlkuh gktr ds flok dHkh efLtn ls ckgj u fudys vkSj tk;s rks cSBs
ugh okil ykSV vk;sA blh rjg ekSrfdQk ¼,vfrdkQ djus okyh vkSjrsa½
Hkh djs exj tc gSt+ vk tk, rks mldk ,vfrdkQ VwV tkrk gS oks
efLtn ls ckgj pyh tk;s vkSj ,vfrdkQ dh de ls de eqír rhu fnu
gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ekSrfdQ efLtn
gh esa ykft+e jgsA ft+Øs bykgh vkSj frykors dqjvku vkSj uekt+ esa
e'kx+wy jgs vkSj nqfu;knkjh dh ckrs u djsA vkSj fdlh vkSjr ls [kyor
¼rUgkbZ½ esa u feysaA vkSj eqag ls cqjs dyke u fudkysA vkSj fdlh ls
>xM++k u djs vkSj 'kvj u dgsA vkSj [kjhn o Qjks[r u djsA tukt+k
esa gkft+j u gks vkSj fdlh ejht+ dh b;knr u djsA vkSj fdlh ?kj esa
nkf[ky u gks ftl d+nz Hkh yksx ls ckrphr djus ls cp ldrk gks cps]
;g mlds fy;s csgrj gSA
429
gt
430
fdrkcqy gtfdrkcqy gtfdrkcqy gtfdrkcqy gtfdrkcqy gt
¼6½¼6½¼6½¼6½¼6½
gt ds QtZ+ gksus vkSj gt u djus ij r'kíqn dkgt ds QtZ+ gksus vkSj gt u djus ij r'kíqn dkgt ds QtZ+ gksus vkSj gt u djus ij r'kíqn dkgt ds QtZ+ gksus vkSj gt u djus ij r'kíqn dkgt ds QtZ+ gksus vkSj gt u djus ij r'kíqn dk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
vYYkkg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
o fyYykfg vyu ukfl fgTtqy cSfr eful rrkv bySfg lchyu o eu
dQj% Q bUuYykg% xuh;qu vfuy vkyehu 4&3@97
rtZqek % vkSj yksxks ij okftc gS fd egt+ [+kqnk ds fy;s [kkuk , dkck dk
gt djsA ftUgs ogka rd igqpaus dh bfLrrkvr ¼dqnjr½ gks vkSj ftlus
ckotwn rkd+r ds gt ls bUdkj fd;k ¼rks ;kn j[ks fd½ [+kqnk lkjs tgka
ls csijokg gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls eudwy gS fd vkils
o fyYykfg vyu ukfl fgTtqy cSfr & & ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k rks
vkius Qjek;k fd bl vk;rs djhek esa ml 'k[l dk rt+fdjk gS ftlus
ckotwn gt ij dqnjr j[kus ds gt dks rdZ dj fn;kA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd canks
ij lkjh mez esa tks QtZ+ ,d ejrck okftc gS og gt dk Qt+Z gS gt
blfy;s ,d erZck okftc fd;k x;k gS fd gt ds eqd+kekr cgqr nwj gS
vkSj yksxks dks ml jkg esa tku o eky dh cgqr lh e'kDdrs mBkuh iM+rh
gSA il gt reke yksxks ij QtZ+ gS ysfdu tks evT+k+wj gS ml ij QtZ+
ugh gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd
tc vk;rs djhek
431
o fyYykfg vyu ukfl fgTtqy cSfr & & ukft+y gqbZ rks eqvfeuhu us
fjlkyr evkclvo- dh f[kner esa vtZ+ fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- D;k gj
lky gt djuk QtZ+ gS\ vkius dksbZ tokc u fn;k tc yksxks us nksckjk
vkSj rhljh ckj vt+Z fd;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd ughA vxj eSa gka dg
nsrk rks fQj gj lky gt djuk okftc gks tkrkA ml oD+r ;g vk;rs
djhek ukft+y gqbZ fd %
;k v;~;qgy yt+hu% vkeuq yk rlvyq vu v'k;kv% bu rqcn% ydqe
rlwvdqe 7&5@101
rtZqek % , bZekunkjks ! ,slh pht+ks ds ckjs esa ¼jlwy ls½ u iqNk djks fd
vxj rqe dks ekywe gks tk;s rks rqEgs cwjk ekywe gksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkils ,d ,sls 'k[+l
dh ckcr iwNk x;k tks Qjht+r gt dks Vkyrk jgrk gS vkSj ml jkg esa
mldks frt+kjrh e'kxwfy;r ekfuv gS ;k dtZ+ ekfuv gS\ vkius Qjek;k
fd mldk mtz d+kfcys d+cwy ugh gSA mls fdlh gky esa Hkh gt dks
Vkyuk u pkfg;s vxj og bl gky esa ej tk;s rks mlus bLyke ds ,d
QtZ+ dks rdZ dj fn;kA vkius Qjek;k fd og 'k[+l tks bLyke ds gt
ds cx+Sj bfUrd+ky dj x;k nj gkykafd u rks mldks gt ls dksbZ t+:jr
ekfuv Fkh vkSj u dqN bruk chekj Fkk fd og gt u dj ldrk Fkk vkSj
u dksbZ ckn'kkg gt ls ekfuv Fkk rks ,slk 'k[+l ;gqnh vkSj uljkuh dh
ekSr ej x;kA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vkils ,d ,sls 'k[l ds
eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k ftlds ikl nkSyr Fkh exj og gt dk QtZ+ vnk
fd, cxSj ej x;k\ vkius Qjek;k fd ,slk 'k[l mu yksxks esa ls gS
ftuds eqrkfYyd+ ijojfnxkj vkye us bl vk;rs djhek esa Qjek;k gS
fd
o ug'kq:gw ;kSey fd+;kefr vvek 16&20@124 ge d+;ker ds fnu
432
mldks va/kk cuk ds mBk,xsaA vt+Z fd;k x;k fd D;k vYykg rvkyk
mldks va/kk cukdj mBk,xk \ vkius Qjek;k fd gka og [+kSj ds jkLrs ls
va/kk gksxkA
jlwy vdjel v o ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc esjh mEer
[kkuk&,&dkck dk gt NksM+ nsxh rks mldh rjQ ut+j mBkdj Hkh u
ns[kk tk,xkA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+vl- ls ejoh gS vkils bl vk;rs
djhek ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k fd
o fyYykfg vyu ukfl fgTtqy cSfr eful rrkv% bySfg lchyu esa
jkg dh bfLrrkvr ls vYykg rvkyk us D;k eqjkn fy;k gS \ vkius
lkby ls Qjek;k gS fd vkSj yksx blds ckjs esa D;k dgrs gS\ lkby us
dgk fd nwljs yksx ;g dgrs gS fd ftlds ikl rkS'kk vkSj lokjh ekStwn
gks og gt dh bfLrrkvr j[krk gSA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k
fd beke ckfd+jv-l- ls Hkh ,slk gh loky fd;k x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd
fQj rks oks yksx ftuds ikl flok, rkS'kk vkSj lokjh ds vkSj dqN u
gksxk\ oks gykd gks tk,axs D;kasfd og 'k[+l ftlds ikl flQZ rkS'kk vkSj
lokjh gks vkSj oks bu nksuksa dks ysdj gt ds fy;s pyk tk;s vkSj vius
vgyks v;ky ds fy;s dqN Hkh nsdj u tk;s rks mlds vgyks v;ky
gykd gks tk,axsA ml oD+r vkidh f[+kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd fQj
vki gh crkb;s fd bfLrrkvr ls D;k eqjkn gS\ beke ckfd+jv-l- us
Qjek;k fd lQj dh bfLrrkvr vkSj dkQh t+kns jkg ¼jkLrs dk [+kpZ½
gksuk pkfg;s vkSj vius vgyks v;ky ds fy;s Hkh bruk NksM+ tk;s fd
ftlls og xqt+j vkSd+kr dj ldasA mlds vykok jkLrs dk veuks&veku
Hkh gksuk pkfg;s rqEgh crkvks fd D;k ,slk ugh gS fd t+dkr flQZ mlh
'k[l ij QtZ+ dh xbZ gS fd ftlds ikl nks lks fnjge gks\
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck vkils
vk;rs djhek
o fyYykfg vyu ukfl fgTtqy cSfr eful rrkv% bySfg lchyu ds
433
eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd gt ml 'k[l ij QtZ+ gS
ftlds ikl bruh jd+e gks fd og gt dj ldsA vkidh f[+kner esa vt+Z
fd;k x;k fd vxj fdlh 'k[+l dks bruh jd+e nh tk;s fd ftlls og
gt dj lds ysfdu mldks 'keZ vkrh gks rks D;k djs vkius Qjek;k fd
og mu yksxks esa ls gS tks gt dh bfLrrkvr j[krs gS og D;kas 'kjekrk
gS mldks gt djuk pkfg;s pkgs nqe dVs x/ks ij gh D;kas u gt djsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gSaA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj ukckfyx+
cPps dks lkFk ysdj gt fd;k tk;s rks ;g mlds fy;s dkQh u gksxk tc
ckfyx+ gks tk;s rks ml ij gt djuk okftc gS vkSj ;gh gqDe xSj
ckfyxk yM+dh ds fy;s Hkh gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,d ,sls 'k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk
x;k ftlus gt rks fd;k ysfdu mldks ml vez oyk;r dh dksbZ
evfjQr gkfly u Fkh fQj vYykg rvkyk us ml dks vesz oyk;r ;kfu
bekeeqT+t+ekuv-l- dh evfjQr ls uokt+kA vkius Qjek;k fd mldk gt
dkQh gS ysfdu ;g eq>s T+;knk ilan gS fd og fQj gt djs vkSj vxj
uklch ¼tks gt+jr vyhv-l dh oyk;r ds d+kby ugh gS½ gS vkSj mlus gt
dj fy;k fQj [+kqnk us mldks ekvfjQr ls uokt+k rks ml ij gt djuk
okftc gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc fdlh x+qyke
dks vkt+kn dj fn;k tk;s rks tc Hkh mldks gt dh bfLrrkvr gks gt
djsA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+vl- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
eeywd ¼xqyke½ gt djs rks tc rd eeywd jgsxk mldk gt dkQh gSA
exj tc vkt+kn dj fn;k tk;s rks ml ij gt djuk QtZ+ gSA vkSj
eeywd gh jgs rks ml ij gt okftc ugh gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkils mEes oyn ¼cPps okyh
yksaMh½ ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k fd mEes oyn ¼yksaMh½ dks mlds ekfyd
us gt djk;k fQj vkt+kn dj fn;k rks D;k ;g gt mlds fy;s dkQh
gksxk\ vkiuss Qjek;k fd ughaA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd enksZ ij okftc
gS fd og viuh chfo;kas dks gt djk;sA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us
Qjek;k dh enksZ ij viuh chfo;ksa dks ml oD+r gt djkuk okftc gS tc
fd t+kns jkg vkSjr ds eky esa ls gks ,slk ugh gS fd 'kkSgj vkSjr ds
434
v[kjktkrs gt dks cnkZ'r djs exj bruk t+:j gS fd viuh choh ds
gejkg gt ds fy;s tk;s rkfd og viuk QtZ+ vnk dj lds vkSj reke
[kpZ vkSjr ds ljek;k ls gks vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS eqrYyd+k ¼rykd+'kqnk½
vkSjr vxj gt djuk pkgs rks og viuh bír ds njfEk;ku gt dj
ldrh gSA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj fdlh us fdlh raxnLr vkneh dks
gt djk;k fQj og ekynkj gks x;k rks ml ij nksckjk gt djuk okftc
gSA vk;rs djhek
o fyYykfg vyu ukfl fgTtqy cSfr & & ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k fd
bl vk;r esa gt ls flQZ gt gh eqjkn gS ;k mEkjkg Hkh gS\ vkius
Qjek;k fd gt o mEkjkg nksuks eqjkn gaSA D;kasfd gt o mEkjkg nksuks
QtZ+ gS vkius ;g vk;rs djhek frykor dh fd
o vfrEeqy gTt% oy mejr% fyYykfg 2&2@196 rtZqek % vkSj
vYykg ds fy;s gt o mEkjkg dks reke djksA vkius Qjek;k fd gt o
mEkjkg dks reke djus ls ;g eqjkn gS fd bl nksuks dks vnk fd;k tk;sA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd mEkjkg ml 'k[+l
ij QtZ+ gS tks eqLrrhv ¼brkvr djus okyk vkSj bfLrrkvr j[kus okyk½
gks vkSj ;g gt ds ntZs esa gSA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd
vkius Qjek;k fd gt dh rhu fd+Lesa gSA 1-gt eqQjn vkSj mEkjkg
eqQjn bu nksuks esa ls ftldks pkgs eqdíe djs] 2-gt o mEkjkg nksuks
lkFk lkFk djs Qly u djs vkSj ;g gt mlds fy;s gS ftlds lkFk
dqjckuh dk tkuoj gS og eDdk eqvTt+ek esa nkf[ky gks vkSj mEkjkg djs
vkSj ,sgjke dh gkyr esa jgs ;gka rd fd eDdk ls gt ds fy;s fudys
vkSj gt djs 3- vkSj mEkjkg djds gt ds fy;s fudyuk gt dh
vQt+y fd+Le ls gSA bldks gt reRRkksv dgrs gSaA vkSj ;g gt mlds
fy;s ugh dh ftlds lkFk esa dqjckuh dk tkuoj gks D;kasfd vYykg
rvkyk us Qjek;k gS fd
435
oyk rgfydw :Åldqe gRrk ;cyqxy gn;ks efgYygw 2&2@196
rtZqek % vkSj tc rd dqckZuh viuh txg ij u igqap tkos] vius lj u
eqaMokvks reRrkvs dk mEkjkg djus okyk c&gkyrs ,sgjke [kkuk , dkck
esa nkf[ky gks vkSj mldk rokQ djs vkSj lQkg o ejokg ds njE;ku lbZ
djs tc bruk dj pqds rks ,sgjke [kksy ns vkSj lj ds FkksM+s cky vkSj
uk[kqu dVok,s vkSj ckd+h dks gt ds fnu ds fy;s NksM+ ns vc mlds fy;s
gj pht+ gyky gSA blds ckn eDdk ls gt ds fy;s fQj ,sgjke cka/ks vkSj
ftl pht+ dh dqckZuh mldks e;Llj gks djs tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk us
Qjek;k gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius bl vk;rs djhek ds ckjs esa
Qjek;k fd
vy gTtks v'kgq:e evywekrqu Qeu Qjt+% QhfgUuy gTt% Qyk
jQl% oyk Qqlwd+% oyk ftnky% fQy gfTt 2&2@197 rtZqek % gt
ds ekywe eghus ;g gS 'kOoky] ft+ydkn ]ft+ygt bUkds vykok fdlh
vkSj eghus esa gt QtZ+ ugh gSA gt dk QtZ+ rych;k ¼yCcsd dguk½
v'kvkj vkSj rd+yhn ls vnk gksrk gS vxj gt djus dk bjknk j[kus
okyk buesa ls tks Hkh vEky djs rks mlus vius mij gt QtZ+ dj fy;kA
vkSj jQl% ls eqjkn gefcLrj gksuk gS vkSj Qqlwd% ls eqjkn >wB cksyuk
vkSj xkyh xyksp djuk gS vkSj ftnky ls
yk oYykgks] cyk oYykgks dguk ;kfu ckr ckr esa [+kqnk dh d+le [+kkuk]
ugh [+kqnk dh d+le] gka [+kqnk dh d+le dguk vkSj Q[+kj djuk eqjkn gSA
436
gt dh rjx+hckr dk c;kugt dh rjx+hckr dk c;kugt dh rjx+hckr dk c;kugt dh rjx+hckr dk c;kugt dh rjx+hckr dk c;ku
beke ckfd+jv-l- us vk;rs djhek
o bt+ d+ky% jCcqd% fyy eykbdfr bUuh tkbyqu fQy vjfn [kyhQru
d+kyw v rtvyks Qhgk eU; ;qQflnks Qhgk o ;lfQdqn&fnekv% o uguks
uqlfCcgks fc&gfEnd% o uqd+fílks yd% 1&2@30
rtZqek % ¼, jlwy ml oD+r dks ;kn djks½ tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us
Qfj'rks ls dgk fd eSa viuk ,d uk;c t+ehu esa cukus okyk gw¡ rks
¼Qfj'rs rvTtqc ls½ dgus yxs fd D;k rq t+ehu esa ,sls 'k[+l dks iSnk
djsxk tks t+ehu esa Qlkn vkSj [kwa jsft+;k djrk fQjs gkykafd ¼vxj
[kyhQk cukuk gS rks½ gekjk T+;knk gd+ gS D;kasfd ge rsjh rkjhQ o
rLchg djrs gS vkSj rsjh ikfdt+xh lkfcr djrs gSA mlds eqrkfYyd+
vkius Qjek;k fd Qfj'rks ds ml d+kSy esa viuh bcknr ls vYYkkg
rvkyk ij ,glku trkus dk igyq fudyrk gSA ;g ckr mu Qfj'rks us
dgh Fkh ftudks fd vkne ls igys t+ehu ij jgus okys ftuks dk gky
ekywe gqvk Fkk ftu Qfj'rksa us ;g ckr dgh Fkh [+kqnk oans rvkyk us muls
viuk eqag fQjk fy;k Fkk vkSj fQj mlus vknev-l- dks iSnk fd;k vkSj
mudks reke vlekv ¼uke½ fl[kyk, fQj [+kqnk us Qfj'rks ls mu
vLekv ds ckjs esa tc iqNk rks mUgksus dgk fd
yk bYe% yuk bYyk ek vYyeruk ml oD+r [+kqnk us Qjek;k fd
;k vkneks vfEcvgqe fcvlekbfge tc vkne us reke vlekv crk
fn;s rks [+kqnk us muls dgk fd vc vkne dks ltnk djks pqukapk Qfj'rks
us vkne dks ltnk fd;k og ltnk dh gkyr esa vius fnyks esa dgus
yxs fd ges bldk oge o xqeku rd u Fkk fd [+kqnk oans rvkyk gels
437
vQt+y Hkh dksbZ e[kywd+ iSnk djsxkA gkykafd ge rks [+kqnk ds iM+kSlh
vkSj reke e[+kywd+kr ls T+;knk mlds djhc gS tc Qfj'rks us lj mBk;k
rks vYykg rvkyk us Qjek;k fd
bUuh vvyeks xScl lekokfr oy vjfn Qfj'rks us tks t+kfgj fd;k Fkk
o mudk ;g d+kSy Fkk %
vrt&vyks Qhgk eU; ;qQflnks Qhgk vkSj tks mUgksus vius fny esa
dgk Fkk oks ;g fd gedks oge o xqeku rd u Fkk fd vYykg rvkyk
gels vQt+y Hkh dksbZ e[+kywd+ iSnk djsxkA tc [+kqnk us Qfj'rksa ls dgk
fd
bUuh vvyeks xScl lekokfr oy vjfn rks mUgksus le>k fd muls Hkwy
gks xbZ gS fygkt+k oks v'kZ&,&bykgh ls fpeV x;s vkSj mlds pkS rjQ
rokQ esa e'kX+kwy gks x;s vkSj ijojfnxkj dh jt+k tksbZ ryc djus yxsA
il [+kqnk muls [+kq'k gks x;k fQj [+kqnk us Qfj'rksa dks gqDe fn;k fd oks
t+ehu ij ,d ?kj cuk, ftldks og yksx rokQ djs tks vkSykn vkne
esa ls xqukg ds eqjrdc gksaxs tSlk fd Qfj'rksa us v'ksZ bykgh dk rokQ
fn;k Fkk fd [+kqnk mulss jt+kean gks tk;s tSlk fd og Qfj'rksa ls jkt+h
gqvk FkkA pqukapk mUgksus ekStwnk cSrqYykg dh txg ij ,d ?kj cuk;k Fkk
tks rwQkus uwg ds t+ekus esa mBk fy;k x;k Fkk vkSj oks pkSFks vkleku esa
gS ftlesa gj jkst+ 70]000 Qfj'rs nkf[ky gksrs gSa oks nqckjk mldh rjQ
okil ugh vkrsA blh ?kj dh cqfu;kn ij gt+jr bczkghev-l- us cSrqYYkkg
cuk;k Fkk tc vknev-l- ls [+krk gqbZ vkSj mudks [+kqnk us t+ehu ij fxjk
fn;k rks oks mlh ?kj dh rjQ vk;s vkSj mldk rokQ fn;k tSlk fd
mUgksus Qfj'rksa dks v'ksZ bykgh dk lkr erZck rokQ djrs ns[kk FkkA
mlds ckn vknev-l- eqLrtkj ds ikl [kM+s gks x;s vkSj ;g funk dh fd
jfCc vxfQjyh rtZqek % ijojfnxkj rq eq>dks c['k nsA vkne dks
vkokt+ nh xbZ fd , vkne [+kqnk us rqedks ekQ dj fn;kA vknev-l- ls
438
ckjxkgs bykgh esa vtZ+ fd;k fd , ijojfnxkj fd rq esjh vkSykn dks Hkh
c[+'k ns fQj funk vkbZ fd , vkne rqEgkjh vkSykn esa ls tks xqukgxkj
gS ;gka vkdj rkSck djsaxs tgka rqeus rkSck dh gS rks mlds xqukg [+kqnk ekQ
dj nsxkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd [+kqnk oans rvkyk us gt+jr
bczkghev-l- dks ;g ogh dh fd , bczkghe rqe esjs okLrs t+ehu ij ,d ?kj
cukvks ftlesa esjh bcknr dh tk;sA bczkghev-l- dk ml gqDe ls fny rax
gks x;k ysfdu [+kqnk oans rvkyk us bckghevl- ij ldhur ¼rlYyh½ Hksth
;g ,d gok Fkh ftlds nks fljs Fks tks ,d nwljs ds ihNs ihNs pyrs Fks
ml gok us ogka pDdj yxk;k ftl txg Qfj'rks us igys ?kj cuk;k Fkk
il bczkghev-l- us cSrqYYkkgqy gjke dh ml txg cqfu;kn j[kh tgka&tgka
ij ldhur dk xqt+j gqvk FkkA gt+jr bczkghev-l- ?kj cuk jgs Fks vkSj
bLekbZyv-l- vkidks iRFkj ns jgs Fks vkSj nhokj dkvck mBk jgs FksA tc
gt+jr bczkghev-l- ?kj cukrs cukrs :Du&vlon rd igqaps rks mUgksus
bLekbZyv-l- dks Qjek;k fd bl txg j[kus ds okLrs iRFkj ykvks il
mUgs iRFkj u feyk vkSj og ;aq gh [kM+s jgs gt+jr bczkghev-l- us dgk dh
tkdj ryk'k dj ykvks tc oks ryk'k djus ds fy;s pys rks ftczbZyvl-
bczkghev-l- ds ikl iRFkj ysdj vk;s pqukapk gt+jr bczkghev-l- us ogh
iRFkj ml txg ij uLkc dj fn;k rks bLekbZyvl- us iqNk fd vkidks
iRFkj fdlus ykdj fn;k Fkk\ gt+jr bczkghev-l- us tokc fn;k fd mlus
ftlus flQZ rqEgkjs cukus gh ij Hkjkslk ugh j[kk gSA pqukapk ;g ?kj ,d
t+ekuk rd ckd+h jgk fQj /oLr gks x;k mldks vekfydk us cuk;k fQj
,d t+ekuk rd ckd+h jgk vkSj tc fxj x;k rks d+kSe ftjge us mldks
cuk;k ;g ?kj fQj fxj x;k rks dqjS'k us cuk;k ml t+ekus esa jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o- vHkh cPps Fks vkidh u'kksuqek ¼ijofj'k½ ikdht+xh vkSj v[+ykd+
vfEc;k dh lwjr ij gqbZ Fkh dqjS'k vkidks vehu ds yd+c ls iqdkjrs Fks
tc dqjS'k gtjs vLon rd igaqps rks gj d+chys dh ;g [kqokfg'k gqbZ fd
gtjs vLon dks ml txg ij og [kqn j[ksA pqukapk bl flyflys esa
mudh vkil esa bf[rykQ gks x;k mUgksus bl ckr ij bfRrQkd+ fd;k
fd bl elys esa mlh dks viuk gde cuk,axs tks lcls igys ;gka
vk,xkA il lcls igys [+kkuk&,&dkvck esa jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- r'kjhQ yk,
og iqdkj mBs fd ;g rks vehu vk;s gS pqukapk mUgksus vkidks iwjk fdLlk
439
dg lquk;kA vkius viuh pknj eqckjd mrkjh vkSj mlesa gtjs vLon
j[k fn;k vkSj Qjek;k fd dqjS'k dk d+chyk bl pknj dk dksuk idM+s
fQj lc feydj mldks mBkvks mudks vkids bl QSlys ij cM+k
rvTtqc gqvk og lc cM+s [kq'k gks x;s vkSj mUgksus ml ij vey fd;kA
tc pknj eqckjd gtjs vLon ds eqd+ke ij igqaph rks vkius gtjs vLon
dks [kqn mBk dj ogka j[k fn;kA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd gtjs vLon ehlkd+ ds ekfuan gSA
mldks pweuk cSvr gSA vki tc gtjs vLon dks ckSlk nsrs rks Qjekrs fd %
vYykgqEe% vekurh vOofrgk o ehlkdh rvkgnrwgq ;'kgnyh bUnd%
fcy cykfx vkius yksxks dks ns[kk fd og cSrqYykg dk rokQ nsdj okil
pys tk jgs gS rks vkil-vo- us Qjek;k fd [+kqnk dh d+le budks blds
vykok vkSj Hkh ,d gqDe fn;k x;k gSA vt+Z fd;k x;k fd og D;k gS ,s
Qjta+ns jlwy\ vkius Qjek;k fd budks ;g gqDe fn;k x;k Fkk fd tc
og cSrqYykg ds rokQ ls Qkfjx gks pqds rks gekjs ikl vk;sa vkSj viuh
tkuks dks gekjs lkeus is'k djsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vYykg rvkyk rd
igaqpus ds ftrus jkLrs gSa mu reke jkLrks esa ls gt ls c<+dj vQt+y
vkSj dksbZ jkLrk ugh gSA flok;s ml 'k[+l ds tks viuh ryokj ysdj
fudys vkSj [+kqnk dh jkg esa ftgkn djrs djrs 'kghn gks tk;sA vkils
,d 'k[l us iqNk fd , Qjt+ans jlwy! eSa ekynkj vkneh gq¡A vkSj QtZ+
gt dj pqdk gaq] vkSj eSa gt , rrOoksv dh rjx+hckr lqu pqdk gq¡ rks D;k
eSa vxj gt ds [+kpZ ds cjkcj ;k mlls t+kbn lnd+k dj nqa rks D;k gt
dk lokc eq>dks feysxk\ vkius vcw dS+l igkM+ dh rjQ ut+j mBk dj
Qjek;k fd vxj rqe bl igkM+ ds cjkcj lksuk ;k pkanh lnd+k dj nksxs
rc Hkh rqedks gt dk lokc u feysxkA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- dk b'kkZn gS fd tks 'k[+l cSrqYykg dk lkr
erZck rokQ djsxk vkSj mEnxh ds lkFk nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+sxk rks
mldks ekQ dj fn;k tk,xkA gt+jr vyhvl- ls ejoh gS fd jlwys
[+kqnklv-o- tc gTtrqy fonk ls Qkfjx+ gks pqds vkSj vjQk ij p<+s rks
440
vkius yksxks dh rjQ eqroTtk gksdj rhu erZck Qjek;k [kq'k vkenhn
, [+kqnk dh rjQ vkus okyks! vxj rqe bl oD+r loky djks rks rqedks
fn;k tk,xk vkSj rqEgkjs [+kpZ dk cnyk feysxkA vkf[+kjr esa rqEgkjs gj
,d fnjge ds ,ot+ ,d gtkj usfd;k¡ fy[kh tk,axhA mlds ckn vkius
Qjek;k fd , yksxks! D;k eSa rqe dks c'kkjr u nqa\ yksxks us dgk gka ,
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- vkius Qjek;k fd vkt 'kke gks tk,xh rks [+kqnk ml
ekSfd+Q esa [kM+s jgus okyksa ls Qfj'rksa ds lkFk Q[+kz ds lkFk ckr djsxkA
[+kqnk mudks dgsxk fd , esjs Qfj'rks! ns[kks esjs bu cUnksa dks vkSj ckafn;ks
dks ;g esjs ikl fxnZ vkyqn gkyr esa t+ehu ds eq[+rfyQ fgLlks ls meM+
meM+ dj vk;s gSaA rqEgsa dqN [+kcj gS fd ;g eq>ls D;k ekax jgs gS\
Qfj'rs dgsaxs fd , gekjs ijojfnxkj rq>ls ;g yksx ekQh ds rycxkj
gS rks [+kqnk ml oD+r dgsxk fd eS rqe yksxksa dks 'kkfgn cukdj dgrk gq¡
fd eSaus bu lcdks ekQ dj fn;k gSaA , yksxks rqe lc vius ekSfd+Q ls
bl gky esa ykSV tkvks fd rqEgkjs fiNys xqukg ekQ gks pqds gSaA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSaa eqvfeu gkth ds fy;s [+kqnk
bl ckr dk ft+Eesnkj gS fd vxj oks njfEk;kus lQj esa ej tk;s rks [+kqnk
mldks nkf[+kys cfg'r djsxkA vkSj vxj mldks vius vgyks v;ky rd
okil igqapk ns rks igqapus ds ckn 70 jkr rd mldk dksbZ xqukg u fy[kk
tk,xkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSaa fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- Qjekrs Fks fd
gt djus okys rhu fd+Le ds gksrs gS lcls vQt+y og ftlds vxys vkSj
fiNys reke xqukg ekQ dj fn;s x;s gkas] mlds ckn og 'k[+l ftlds
vxys xqukg ekQ dj fn;s vkSj vkbank u;k vey djrk gSA rhljk 'k[+l
og gS tks lcls de ulhc okyk gS ftlds flQZ vgyks v;ky esa
fgQkt+r dh xbZ gksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd gt djus okyksa ds rhu
fgLls gS muesa ls ,d fgLlk ds yksx nkst+[+k ls vkt+kn dj fn;s tk,axsA
[+kqnk fQj mudks vkt+kn djus dh rjQ :twv u djsxkA vkSj nwljk
fgLlk oks gS tks fQj ls vey 'kq: djsxkA vkSj muds vxys xqukg ekQ
gksa pqds gS vkSj rhljk oks gS ftudks uqd+lkukr dk cnyk feysxkA vkSj oks
vius vgyks v;ky esa ran:Lr jgsaxkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k
441
fd mEkjkg ds ckn mejkg djuk nksuksa ds njfe;ku tks xqukg gq, gSa
mldk d¶Qkjk gS vkSj gt ed+cwy dk lokc tUur gSA xqukgksa esa cgqr
ls ,sls xqukg gS tks vjQkr ds flok vkSj dgha ekQ ugh gksaxsA vkagt+jrl-
v-o- us ,d erZck gqTtkt ds ÅaVks dh d+rkj ij ut+j Mkyh vkSj Qjek;k
fd ;g ÅaV tks Hkh d+ne mBkrs gS mlds ,ot+ ,d uSdh fy[kh tkrh gS
vkSj ,d ,d dne j[kus ij muds ,d&,d xqukg [kks ¼ekQ½ gks tkrk
gSA tc og eukfld vnk dj ysrs gS rks muls dgk tkrk gS fd rqe ,d
edku cuk pqds gks vc mldks eugne ¼ccZkn½ u djukA ekt+h ¼igys½
dh rqe dks vc fQØ djus dh t+:jr ugh gS eqLrd+fcy ¼vkbank½ esa uSd
vey djksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd tc
vYykg rvkyk us gt+jr bczkghev-l- ij ogh ukft+y dh fd
vu rgfgjk cSfr;% fyRrkbQhu% oy vkfdQhu% oj :Ddbl lqtwn
ml oD+r [+kqnk oans rvkyk us dvck ij ,d lkS flRrj jgersa mrkjh
mlesa ls lkB rokQ nsus okyksa ds fy;s vkSj 50 vkdSQhu ds fy;s vkSj 40
uekft+;ksa ds fy;s vkSj 20 dvck dks ns[kus okyksa ds fy;sA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us
Qjek;k fd tks 'k[l nqfu;k vkSj vkf[+kjr dk rkfyc gks rks og ml ?kj
cSrqYYkkg&,&gjke dh rjQ vk;s D;kasfd ftl cans us Hkh ml ?kj esa vkdj
nqfu;k ekaxh gS rks mldks nqfu;k nh xbZ gS vkSj [+kqnk ls vkf[kjr ekaxh gS
rks mudks vkf[+kjr dk t+[khjk fn;k x;k gS , yksxks rqe ij gt o mejkg
okftc gS nksuks dks ckge feyk nks D;kasfd ;g nksuksa xqukgksa dks /kks Mkyrs
gSA ftl rjg ls fd ikuh xanxh dks lkQ dj nsrk gSA vkSj gt o mejkg
Qkd+k o eksgrktxh dks nwj dj nsrs gS ftl rjg ls fd vkx tax vkywn
yksgs dks lkQ dj nsrh gSA
442
enhurqu&uchenhurqu&uchenhurqu&uchenhurqu&uchenhurqu&uchl-v-o-l-v-o-l-v-o-l-v-o-l-v-o- esa nkf[kyk vkSj gkth dk ogka tkdj esa nkf[kyk vkSj gkth dk ogka tkdj esa nkf[kyk vkSj gkth dk ogka tkdj esa nkf[kyk vkSj gkth dk ogka tkdj esa nkf[kyk vkSj gkth dk ogka tkdj
D;k vey djuk pkfg;s mldk c;kuD;k vey djuk pkfg;s mldk c;kuD;k vey djuk pkfg;s mldk c;kuD;k vey djuk pkfg;s mldk c;kuD;k vey djuk pkfg;s mldk c;ku
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS vki us yksxks ls eq[kkfrc gksdj
vius [+kqrck esa Qjek;k fd jlwys vdjel-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd enhuk
equOojk tCys ,sj ls ysdj tCys lksj rd gje gS vxj blesa fdlh us t+qeZ
fd;k ;k fdlh eqtfje dks iukg nh rks ml ij Qfj'rks vkSj bUlkuks dh
ykur gksxhA [+kqnk mlds fdlh Hkh vey dks d+cwy u djsxkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd enhuk ds nksuks rjQ tks
fl;kg iRFkj gS muds njfe;ku gje gSA vkidh f[kner esa vtZ+ fd;k
x;k fd D;k enhus ds ifjans Hkh eDdk ds ifjanksa ds ekfuUn gSaA vkius
Qjek;k fd ugha! ysfdu enhus ds nj[r dkVs u tk;sA vkils iqNk x;k
fd enhuk ds yk;r ls D;k eqjkn gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd enhuk ds oks
dkys iRFkj tks mldks eqghr ¼?ksjs½ gq, gS ;g gjes jlwysl-v-o- gSA bl gn
esa u f'kdkj fd;k tk;s u nj[+r dkVs tk;saA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj enhuk ls dksbZ 'k[l
eqag fQjk dj pyk tk,xk rks [+kqnk mldks 'kj esa eqfCryk dj nsxkA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd c&xjt+ ft+;kjr tks 'k[+l enhuk esa
nkf[+ky gks mldks igys yk;d+ gS fd X+kqLy djs geus bldk ft+Ø
fdrkcqr rgkjr esa dj fn;k gS bl fd+Le ds xq+Ly dh rjx+hc nh xbZ gS
;g xq+Ly tukcr dh rjg QtZ+ ugh gS ft+;kjr dh x+jt+ ls tks 'k[+l
enhuk equOojk esa nkf[+ky gksa rks igys vius vlckcs lQj dks eafty ij
j[kus ds ckn lcls igys efLtnqu uchl-v o es vkdj d+cz eqckjd dh
ft+;kjr ls eq'kj~fjQ gks] vkSj efLtnqy uchv-l- esa uekt+ i<+sA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj jlwy vdjel-v-o- ls ejoh gS fd efLtnqu
uchl-v o esa uekt+ i<+us dk lokc 10]000 uekt+ dk gS vkSj beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd efLtnqu uchl-v-o- esa uekt+ i<+us ds
fy;s vQt+y ls vQt+y txg d+czs jlwyl-v-o- ds djhc dh txg gSA
fygkt+k tc rqe enhuk esa nkf[+ky gks rks igys X+kqLy djks vkSj fQj
efLtn esa nkf[+ky gks vkSj igys d+cz eqRrgjk ij tkvks vkSj ogka lyke
443
i<+ks vkSj rcyhx+s fjlkyr dh 'kgknr nks vkSj c&dljr nq:n o lyke
Hkstks vkSj ogak nqvk djks ftlls [+kqnk rqe ij vklkfu;kas ds njokt+s [kksy
nsxkA d+cz eqRrgj ij i<+us ds fy;s vgys cSrv-l- ls cdljr nqvk, ejoh
gS muesa ls dksbZ Hkh nqvk e[+klwl ugh gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o-dk b'kkZn gS
fd esjs bfUrd+ky ds ckn tks esjs d+cz dh ft+;kjr djsxk og ,slk gS tSls
esjh ftanxh esa esjh rjQ fgt+jr djds vk;k gS vkSj tks esjh d+cz dh
ft+;kjr ugh dj ldrk oks esjh tkfuc viuk lyke Hksts oks eq> rd
igqap tk,xkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd enhuk equOojk esa ftu
eqd+kekr dh ft+;kjr djuk vkSj ogka uekt+ i<+uk pkfg;s oks ;g gSA
efLtns&d+ck ;g og efLtn gS ftldh cqfu;kn rd+ok ij j[kh xbZ gSA
efLtns Qrsg efLtnqy Qt+h[k e'kjcfr mEes bczkghe] d+cz gEt+kv-l- vkSj
nhxj 'kksgnk dh d+czsaA vkSj tc t+kbj ¼ft+;kjr djus okyk½ enhuk ls
okil yksVs rks lcls vkf[+kj esa d+cz uch ij vk;s vkSj ogka ls fonk gks vkSj
ogh vey djs tks mlusa nkf[+kyk ds jkst+ fd;k Fkk vkSj og nqvk ox+Sjg
djs ftruh mlls gks lds d+c:u uch ij vyfonk dgs vkSj okil gks
tk;sA
,sgjke ds ehd+krksa dk c;ku,sgjke ds ehd+krksa dk c;ku,sgjke ds ehd+krksa dk c;ku,sgjke ds ehd+krksa dk c;ku,sgjke ds ehd+krksa dk c;ku
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd jlwys
vdjel-v-o- us ,sgjke cka/kus ds fy;s ikap ehd+krksa dks eqd+jZj Qjek;k gS
vgys enhuk ds fy;s ed+kes&tqy&gqysQk gS vkSj oks efLtnqy 'ktjk gSA
vgys 'kke ds fy;s ed+kes gtQk gS vkSj vgys ;eu ds fy;s ;ye&ye
vkSj vgys rkbQ ds fy;s d+ju vkSj vgys utn ds fy;s ed+kes vd+hd+
gSA ;g ikap eokd+hr ogka ds ckf'aknksa ds fy;s gS vkSj muds fy;s gS tks
nwljs 'kgjks ls bu jkLrks ls gksdj vk;asA vki Qjekrs gSa gt o mejkg
dh rdehy mlh esa gS fd rqe bu eokd+hr ls ,gjke cka/k dj vkvks
ftudks jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us eqd+jZj Qjek;k gS oD+r ls igys ,sgjke cka/kuk
tkbt+ ugh gS vxj fdlh us oD+r ls igys ,sgjke cka/k fy;k vkSj ,slk
444
dke fd;k tks ,sgjke dh gkyr esa u djuk pkfg;s Fkk rks mldk ;g
,sgjke Qkfln gSA ml ij flQZ bruk okftc gS fd oks ehd+kr ij okil
tk;s vkSj ogka ls ,sgjke cka/k dj vk;sA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh dks fdlh
eghuk esa mejkg QkSr gksus dk [kkSQ gks rks mldks bf[r;kj gS fd og
ehd+kr ds vykok dgha ls Hkh ,sgjke cka/ks elyu tc dksbZ mejkg ds
d+ln ls ekg jtc esa fudys vkSj mldks ;g ekywe gks tk;s fd og
ehd+kr rd u igqap ldsxk ysfdu ml oD+r tc 'kkcku dk fgyky ¼pkan½
fudy vk;sxk rks og ,sgjke u NksM+s ;gka rd fd og ehd+kr rd igqap
tk;s ml lwjr esa mldk mejkg 'kkcku esa gksxk ysfdu og d+Cy vt+
ehd+kr ,sgjke cka/k ys rks ;g mejkg jtch;k gksxkA tks vQt+y gS vkSj
blh mejkg dh mlus fu;~;r dh Fkh vkils iqNk x;k fd vxj dksbZ
efLtns 'ktjk ds ml ikj ls ,gjke cka/k ys rks \ vkius Qjek;k fd
efLt+n 'ktjk vkSj gqtQk ds njfe;ku ,sgjke cka/kk tk ldrk gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ 'k[+l ehd+kr
ij vkdj ,sgjke cka/kuk Hkwy tk;s ;k mldks ;g bYe gh u gks fd ;g
ehd+kr gS vkSj og ehd+kr ls vkxs c<+ tk;s ;k eDdk igqapus ds ckn
mldks ekywe gks rks mu reke lwjrks esa vxj ehd+kr ij tkdj okil vk
lds rks og tk;s vkSj ogka ls ,sgjke cka/k dj vk;s vkSj vxj gt ds QkSr
gks tkus dk [+kkSQ gks ;k ehd+kr okil ugh ykSV ldrk gks rks tgka gS ogh
ls ,sgjke cka/k ys vkSj vxj gqnqns gje ls ckgj tkdj ,sgjke cka/k ldrk
gS rks ogka ls ,sgjke cka/k dj vk;sA vkSj gje esa nkf[+ky gks vxj ,slk ugh
dj ldrk rks tgka gks ogka ls ,sgjke cka/k ysA vki Qjekrs gSa fd ftldk
?kj T+;knk d+jhc gks ehd+kr ls eDdk rd rks og vius ?kj ls gh ,sgjke
cka/ks vkSj mldks ehd+kr rd tkuk okftc ugh gSA veh:y eqvfeuhuvl-
Qjekrs gSa fd gt dh rd+ehy blls gS fd rqe vius ?kj ds lkeus ls
,sgjke cka/kks ;g ml 'k[l ds fy;s gS ftldk ehd+kr eDdk ls de
Qklys ij gSA
445
,sgjke dk c;ku,sgjke dk c;ku,sgjke dk c;ku,sgjke dk c;ku,sgjke dk c;ku
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkids vkck , fdjkev-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrv-l-o- tc gTtrqy fonk
ds d+ln ¼bjknk½ ls fudys vkSj efLt+n 'ktjk ds ikl igaqps rks vkius
yksxksa dks gqDe fn;k fd oks cxy ds cky vkSj t+Sjs ukQ ¼'keZxkg½ ds cky
lkQ djsaA vkSj X+kqLy djsa vkSj reke fyckl mrkj dj ,d bt+kj vkSj
,d pknj igu ys ;k nks diM+s muesa ls ,d dks rsgcan cuk ys vkSj nwljs
dks ihB ij Mky ysA beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tks 'k[+l
,sgjke cka/kus dk bjknk djs rks eqaN ds cky vkSj uk[+kwu d+rjsA buesa ls
tks Hkh igys djs rks dksbZ et+j~jr ugha vkSj vxj mldks eqefdu gks rks
bu dkeksa ls t+oky ds oD+r rd Qkfjx gks tk;s D;ksafd ,sgjke ds fy;s
;g csgrjhu oD+r gSA ,sgjke 'kc o jkst+ fdlh Hkh oD+r esa cka/kk tk ldrk
gS mlesa dksbZ eqt+kbdk ¼gt+Z½ ugh gSA vkius gkbt+ vkSj uQkl okyh
vkSjrksa ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd ehd+kr ij vkdj X+kqLy djas vkSj tSls enZ
,sgjke cka/krs gS og Hkh ,sgjke cka/ks vxj fdlh us ehd+kr ds vykok fdlh
vkSj txg ij ,sgjke dk X+kqLy dj fy;k rks oks dkQh gSA vkius ml
'k[+l dks ,slh [+kq'kcw yxkus ls euk Qjek;k gS fd tks ,sgjke cka/kus dk
bjknk j[krk gS vkSj og [+kq'kcw ,sgjke ds ckn ckd+h jgrh gks vkSj eqgj~fje
¼,sgjke cka/kus okyk½ dks [+kq'kcw dks gkFk yxkus ls Hkh euk Qjek;k gSA u
flyh gqbZ d+eht+ u bt+kj u vekek u Vksih u twrk u ekst+k u cqjd+k u
gkFk iSj esa ts+oj x+t+Z dksbZ flyk gqvk diM+k u igus vkSj u lj dks <+kadsA
vkSjr dqjrk igus vkSj lj dks <+kads mldk ,sgjke mlds psgjs esa gS psgjs
ij ml ls FkksM+k diM+k Mky nsA eqgj~fje ij vkSjr ls gefcLrj gksuk vkSj
f'kdkj djuk nksuks gjke gSA eqgj~fje dksbZ cky u mrkjs vkSj u m[kkM+s
u uk[kwu drjs vkSj u tq,¡ ekjsA ge vkbank eqgj~fje ij tks gjke gS
mldk c;ku djsaxs vkSj ftlus ,sgjke dh gkyr esa t+jk lk Hkh f[kykQs
gqDe fd;k gks rks ml ij D;k okftc gS eqQfLly rsgjhj djsaxsA
vkius Qjek;k fd tks 'k[l ,sgjke cka/kus dk bjknk djs rks og
igys uekt+ i<+s vkSj vxj QtZ+ uekt+ dk oD+r gks rks uekt+ i<+us ds ckn
,sgjke cka/ks mlds ckn u¶y uekt+ gks rks i<+sA fQj mlds ckn ,sgjke
446
cka/ks vkSj vxj QtZ+ uekt+ dk oD+r u gksa rks u¶y i<+ dj ,sgjke
cka/ksA
x+t+Z uekt+ i<+s cxS+j ,sgjke u cka/kuk pkfg;sA gkykafd dksbZ Hkwy
x;k gks ;k dksbZ ekdwy mt+z gks] vxj fdlh us ,sgjke cka/kus ds ckn
uekt+ i<+h rks ml ij dksbZ pht+ ykft+e ugh bruk t+:j gS fd mlus
,d vPNh pht+ dks NksM+ fn;kA vki Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje tc ,sgjke
cka/kus dk bjknk djs rks vius fny esa uh;r djs vxj gt ;k mejkg vkSj
gt eqQjZn ¼vdsyh gt½ ;k mejkg eqQjZn ¼vdsyk mejkg½ ftldk Hkh
bjknk j[krk gks og eqag ls dgs vkSj ;g nqvk i<+s %
vYykgqEe% bUuh mjhnks vu v reRrv% fcy mejfr byy gfTt&&
vkSj vxj gkth ds gejkg dqckZuh dk tkuoj gks rks ;g dgs %
vYykgqEe% bUuh mjhnks vu vd+fjuy gfTt fcy mejfr&& vkSj vxj
gt eqQjZn dk bjknk j[krk gks rks bl rjg dgs %
vYykgqEe% bUuh mjhnqy gfTt&& vkSj vxj flQZ mejkg djus dk
bjknk gks rks ;g dgs %
vYykgqEe% bUuh mjhnqy mej%fr% vyk fdrkfcd% o lqUurfg uchf¸;d%
vYykgqEe% o efgYyh gSlks gcl ruh fy d+nfjdy yt+h d+íjr% vy¸;%
vYykgqEe% Q vvuh vyk t+kfyd% o ;fLljgks yh o rd+Ccy gks feUuh
blds ckn tks pkgs nqvk djs gt ;k mejkg tks Hkh djuk pkgrk gks vxj
tqcka ls u dgk vkSj uh;r dh gks rks bruk gh dkQh gSA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd reRrks fcy mejfr byy gt ¼gt
447
mejkg ds lkFk½ vQt+y gt gSA ;g gh dqjvku esa vk;k gqvk gSA bldh
Qt+hyr dks jlwys vdjelv-o- us c;ku Qjek;k gSA vkius vius gejkg
gTTkrqy fonk esa dqckZuh dk tkuoj ysdj x;s Fks vki eDdk igqaps rks
vkius rokQ fd;k vkSj lQkg o ejokg ds njfe;ku lbZ dh ml oD+r
vki ij ogh mrjh tSlk dh ges'kk mrjk djrh FkhA vkius Qjek;k fd
eSus tks dqN igys fd;k gS dk'k mldks vkSj dj ldrk rks eSa dqckZuh ds
tkuoj dks lkFk u ykrk vkSj bl gt dks gt reRrksv fcy mejk esa
rcnhy dj nsrk il ftlds gejkg dqckZuh dk tkuoj u gksa rks ,sgjke
[kksy nsaA il yksxksa us mejkg djds ,sgjke [kksy fn;k ysfdu ftlds
ikl dqckZuh ds tkuoj Fks mUgksus ,sgjke ugh [kksyk vkSj ftUgksus mejkg
djus ds ckn ,sgjke [kksy fn;k Fkk mUgksus gt ds fy;s rjfo;k ¼vkBoh
ftygt½ ds fnu efLtnqy gjke ls fQj ,sgjke cka/kk FkkA il ;g
reRrksv fcy mejkg byy gt muds fy;s gS tks lkfduku ¼jgus okys½
gje esa ls ugh gSA tSlkfd vYykg rvkyk us Qjek;k gS D;kasfd lkfduku
gje rks ges'kk mejkg ij d+kfnj gS [+kqnk oans rvkyk us ;g oqlvr rks
mudks vrk QjekbZ gS tks eq[krfyQ 'kgjks ls vkrs gSA mudks ,d gh
lQj esa gt o mejkg nksuks dk 'kjQ vrk dj fn;k gS ;g dq'kknxh
[+kqnk dh jger ds ckbl gSA viuh e[+kywd+ ij vkSj mu ij [+kqnk dk
,glku gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tks 'k[l mejkg ds ckn
gt djus dk bjknk j[krk gks rks og cSrqYYkkg&vy&gjke dk lkr erZck
rokQ djs vkSj vius rokQ dh nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+sA vkSj lQkg o
ejokg ds njfe;ku lkr erZck lbZ djs lQkg ls 'kq: djs vkSj ejokg
ij [+kRe djsA ;g mejkg gqvkA vc ,sgjke NksM+ ns vkSj FkksM+s FkksM+s cky
vkSj uk[+kwu drjok, vkSj ckdh gt djus ds ckn mrkjsaA mejkg djus ds
ckn ,sgjke [kksy nsa mldks pkfg;s fd og eqgj~fje dh rjg ijs'kku gky
jgsa vxj gt dk ekSle d+jhc gks vkSj tc ;kSeqy rjfo;k vk;s rks efLtns
gjke ls ,sgjke cka/ks mlh rjg ls tSlkfd mlus ehd+kr ls cka/kk Fkk vkSj
ftlds gejkg dqckZuh dk tkuoj gks vkSj mejkg o gt ,d lkFk djuk
pkgrk gks rks og ,sgjke u [kksyasA D;kasfd [+kqnk dk b'kkZn gS fd
448
oyk rgfydw :Åldqe gRrk ;cyqxy gn;ks efgYygw vkSj tks 'k[l
gt eqQjZn dk bjknk j[krk gks rks gt ls igys ml ij rokQ okftc
ugh gSA
beke t+Suqyvkfcnhuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius gt eqQjZn fd;k
tc vki eqd+ke t+h rqok esa mrjs rks vki lqu¸;Ì% ds jkLrs ehuk dh rjQ
r'kjhQ ys x;s vkSj eDdk esa nkf[ky ugh gq, ysfdu tks 'k[+l mejkg
dk bjknk j[krk gks rks og rokQ ns vkSj lbZ djs tSlkfd geus mij
fy[kk gS vkSj ,sgjke [kksy ns vkSj tc pkgs ykSV tk,A
rd+yhn ¼fd+yknk igukuk½ v'vkj ¼fu'kkuh yxkuk½rd+yhn ¼fd+yknk igukuk½ v'vkj ¼fu'kkuh yxkuk½rd+yhn ¼fd+yknk igukuk½ v'vkj ¼fu'kkuh yxkuk½rd+yhn ¼fd+yknk igukuk½ v'vkj ¼fu'kkuh yxkuk½rd+yhn ¼fd+yknk igukuk½ v'vkj ¼fu'kkuh yxkuk½
rtyhy ¼>wy igukuk½ vkSj rych;k ¼;kfu yCcSdrtyhy ¼>wy igukuk½ vkSj rych;k ¼;kfu yCcSdrtyhy ¼>wy igukuk½ vkSj rych;k ¼;kfu yCcSdrtyhy ¼>wy igukuk½ vkSj rych;k ¼;kfu yCcSdrtyhy ¼>wy igukuk½ vkSj rych;k ¼;kfu yCcSd
dgus½ dk c;kudgus½ dk c;kudgus½ dk c;kudgus½ dk c;kudgus½ dk c;ku
tks 'k[l vius gejkg dqckZuh dk tkuoj ys rks oks ,sgjke ds
ckn mlds xys esa fd+yknk iguk nsa vkSj dksbZ fu'kkuh yxk ns vkSj >wy
iguk ns vkSj gkad dj ys tk;sA il tc eDdk vkSj enhuk ds ed+ke cSnk
esa igqapsa rks
yCcsd vYykgqEe% yCcsd dgsA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd igys yksx vius ÅaVks dks fd+yknk
¼iV~Vk½ igukrs Fks vkSj xk;ks vkSj HksM+ks dks ysfdu vktdy yksxks us xk;
vkSj HksM+ dks fd+yknk igukuk rdZ dj fn;k gSA vki Qjekrs gSa fd rqe
vius dqckZuh ds tkuoj dks peM+s ;k /kkxs dk fd+yknk igukvksA vkSj
ÅaVuh ds xys esa iqjkuk twrk ftldks igu dj rqeus uekt+ i<+h gks cka/
kksA rkfd og dgha [kks tk;s rks okil mlds ekfyd dks mlh twrs dh
vyker ls fey tk;s vkSj blfy;s Hkh fd dksbZ tkuoj xqe tk;s rks oks
igpkuk tk lds fd ;g dqckZuh dk tkuoj gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,sls 'k[l ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k
tks vius gejkg ÅaVuh ys tk;s rks og D;k djs\ vkius Qjek;k fd tc
og ml ehd+kr ls tgka mlus ,sgjke cka/kk gks ogka ls ykSVs rks mldks
449
fu'kku dj ns oks bl rjg ls fd Å¡V dh dkSgku ¼dqYgsa½ esa nk;sa tkfuc
,d ykSgk HkkSad ns ftlls [kwu cg fudys vkSj mldks fd+yknk iguk ns
vkSj >wy iguk ns vkSj tc ed+ke cSnk esa igqaps rks vxj mlus efLtn
'ktjk ls ,sgjke cka/kk gS rks yCcSd yCcSd dguk 'kq: djsA veh:y
eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyh eqrZt+kv-l- viuh dqckZuh dh ÅaVuh dks tks >wy
igukrs Fks mldks lnd+k dj nsrs FksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us vk;rs djhek
t+kfyd% o eU; ;qvfT+t+e 'kvkbjYykfg QbUugk feu rd+oy dqywfc
ydqe Qhgk eukfQvks byk vt%fyu eqlEeu lqEe% efgYyqgk byy cSfry
vrhd+ ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k fd og dqckZuh dk tkuoj gS ftldh
rkvt+he dh tkrh gSSA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj gt djus okys dks lokj
gksus dh t+:jr gks tk;s rks ml ij fcyk fdlh l[rh ds lokj gks vkSj
vxj nw/k gks rks nq/k fudky ns ysfdu og detksj u gksus ik;sA vkius
Qjek;k fd vxj dqckZuh dk tkuoj vxj ut+j dk gks ;k tt+k dk ;kfu
d¶Qkjk dk gks vkSj og gykd gks tk;s rks mlds ,ot+ esa nwljs tkuoj
dh dqckZuh t+:jh gS vkSj vxj ;g dqckZuh rrOoksv ds fy;s gS rks fQj
dksabZ pht+ okftc ugh gS vkSj QtZ+] ut+j vkSj d¶Qkjk oxSjg dh dqckZuh
ds tkuoj dk xks'r lnd+k dj nsA vkSj [+kqn mlesa ls dqN u [kk;s vkSj
rrOoksv dqckZuh ds tkuoj dk xks'r [+kqn [kk;s vkSj f[kyk;s vkSj ckd+h
lnd+k dj nsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
ls ejoh gS fd tc jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- eDdk vkSj enhuk ds njfe;ku ed+ke
cSnk esa igqaps rks vkius t+ksj ls yCcSd dgk Fkk vkSj vgyky ds ekvuh gS
vkokt+ dks cqyan djuk vki us bl rjg ls dgk
450
vYykgqEe% yCcSd yCcSd yk 'kjhd% yd% yCcSd bUuy gen% o usver%
yd% oy eqYd% yk 'kjhd% yd% blds vykok vkSj dqN u Qjek;k
ysfdu ,gys cSrv-l- us bl nqvk esa dqN bl rjg ls bt+kQk fd;k fd %
yCcSd% ;k t+y&evkfjt yCcSd% nkb;u byk nkfjLlyke yCcSd%
x¶QkjT+t+quwc yCcSd% ejgwcqu feUd% o ejxwcqu bySd% yCcSd% t+ytykfy
oy bdjke yCcSd% bykgy [kyfd+ yCcSd% dkf'kQy djc blds
vykok Hkh c dljr nqvk, gS ysfdu pkj erZck yCcSd dguk lqUur gS
vkSj vxj dksbZ et+hn ft+Øs bykgh djs vkSj vYykg rvkyk dh cqtqZ+xh
¼T+;knk½ c;ku djs vkSj yCcSd dgs vkSj ed+ke bykgh dk ft+Ø djs rks
mlesa Qt+y o [+kSj gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ,sgjke cka/kus ds ckn gj
QtZ+ uekt+ vkSj u¶y uekt+ ds ckn ftruk gks lds yCcSd dgks vkSj tc
ÅaV rqedks ysdj mBs ml oD+r vkSj tc rqe fdlh cqyanh ij p<+ks ;k
oknh esa mrjks ;k viuh uhan ls tkxks ;k lgj ds oD+r pkgs ikd gks ;k
ukikdh dh gkyr esa gks yCcSd dguk pkfg;sA
eqgj~fje ij ,sgjke dh gkyr esa tks dqN gjke gSeqgj~fje ij ,sgjke dh gkyr esa tks dqN gjke gSeqgj~fje ij ,sgjke dh gkyr esa tks dqN gjke gSeqgj~fje ij ,sgjke dh gkyr esa tks dqN gjke gSeqgj~fje ij ,sgjke dh gkyr esa tks dqN gjke gS
mldk c;kumldk c;kumldk c;kumldk c;kumldk c;ku
gjke dke ds ckn eqgj~fje D;k djs\gjke dke ds ckn eqgj~fje D;k djs\gjke dke ds ckn eqgj~fje D;k djs\gjke dke ds ckn eqgj~fje D;k djs\gjke dke ds ckn eqgj~fje D;k djs\
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
vygTtks v'kgq:u evywekrqu Qeu Qjt% QhfgUuy gTt% Qyk jQl%
451
oyk Qqlwd+% oyk ftnky% fQy gfTt 2&2@197 vkSj ;g Hkh b'kkZn gS fd
yk rD+rqywLlSn% o vurqe gq:equ o eu d+r%ygw feudqe eqrvfEenu
Qtt+kmu feLyks ek d+r%y% feuu uvfe 7&5@95 vkSj ckjh rvkyk dk
b'kkZn gS %
mfgYy% ydqe lSnqy cgfj o rvkeqgq erkvu ydqe &&
veh:y eqvfeuhu gt+jr vyhv-l- vkSj beke gluv-l- o beke
gqlSuv-l- beke tS +u qyvkfcnhuv-l- beke ckfd+jv-l- vk Sj beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+vl- ls ejoh gS fd eqgj~fje ij f'kdkj djuk] tekv
djuk] [kq'kcw yxkuk] flys gq, diM+s iguuk cky vkSj uk[+kwu dkVuk
eeuwv gSA vxj eqgj~fje ve%nu ¼tku&cw>dj½ ,sgjke ds ckn vjQk ij
tkus ls igys ftekv djs rks mldk gt u gksxkA og dqckZuh rks djs exj
vkbank lky gt djs vkSj vxj mldh choh Hkh ,sgjke dh gkyr esa vius
'kkSgj ds lkFk ftekv ¼feyu½ ds fy;s rS;kj gqbZ rks ml ij Hkh ;gh
okftc gSA ysfdu vxj vkSjr us ftekv ls djkfg;r dh Fkh ;k lksbZ gqbZ
Fkh ;k ,sgjke dh gkyr esa ugh Fkh rks ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh us gt ds
v¸;ke esa viuh vkSjr ds lkFk ftekv ;k eqckf'kjr fd;k vkSj nksuks bl
ckr ls cs[+kcj gS fd bl gkyr esa ftekv djuk tkbt+ ugh gS ;k nksuks
Hkwy x;s rks bl lwjr esa nksuks ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSA vki Qjekrs
gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje vanke ugkuh ¼tku&cw>dj½ ds vykok viuh vkSjr
ds lkFk gefcLrj gks rks ml ij ,d ÅaVuh dh dqckZuh okftc gS vkSj
vkbank lky ml ij gt djuk ykft+e ugh gSA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l-
Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje u viuk fudkg djs u fdlh dk djk, vxj
djsxk rks ;g ckfry gksxkA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj
dksbZ enZ viuh vkSjr ls eqckf'kjr djs vkSj euh fudy vk;s rks ml ij
,d cdjh okftc gS vkSj viuh vkSjr dks ckSlk ns vkSj euh fudy vk;s
rks ml ij cdjh ds cPps dh dqckZuh djuk okftc gSA vkSj viuh vkSjr
452
dks 'kgor dh ut+j ls ns[ks vkSj ml ij ut+j tek, jgs vkSj euh fudy
vk;s rks ml ij Hkh cdjh dh dqckZuh okftc gSA vkSj vxj 'kgor dk
d+ln u gks rks ml ij dqckZuh okftc ugh gSA vkius Qjek;k gS fd vxj
dksbZ eqgj~fje vius th gh th esa vkSjr ds lkFk 'kgor dh ckr djs vkSj
euh fudy vk;s rks ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSA vkSj vxj vius
vkyk&,&ruklqy ¼fyax½ ls [ksys vkSj og mLrknk gks tk;s vkSj euh
fudy vk;s rks ml ij ogh okftc gS tks ftekv djus okys ij okftc
gSA vkius Qjek;k fd eqgj~fje viuh vkSjr dks lokjh ij p<+k;s vkSj
mlds diM+s mlds ftLe ij nq:Lr djs vkSj diM+s ds mij ls mldks
gkFk yxk;s vkSj euh fudy vk;s rks ml lwjr esa vxj mlus cxS+j fdlh
'kgor ls ,slk fd;k gS rks ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gS vkSj vxj mlus
c&d+lns 'kgor fd;k gS rks ml ij ,d cdjh dh dqckZuh okftc gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ftnky ds ekfu gS
yk oYykgks vkSj cyk oYykgks dguk il vxj eqgj~fje >xM+k djrs
djrs rhu erZck ;g vyQkt+ dgs rks ml ij ,d cdjh dh dqckZuh
djuk okftc gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vk;rs djhek %
o yk rgfydw :Åldqe gRrk ;cyqxy gn;ks &&
ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje vxj viuk lj eqaM+ok ns rks mlds
,ot+ t+hy ¼fuEufyf[kr½ dh rhu ckrksa esa ls tks pkgs djs mldks
bf[+r;kj gSA rhu jkst+ ds jkst+s j[ks ;k N% feLdhuks dks [+kSjkr ns gj
feLdhu dks fuLQ I;kyk ns ;k ,d cdjh dh dqckZuh djsA vki Qjekrs
gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje viuk lj ;k nk<+h jxM+s vkSj mlesa ls FkksM+s cky
fudy tk;s rks dksbZ gtZ+ ughA vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje dks
fiNUus dh t+:jr is'k vk tk;s rks fiNUuk ¼mLrjs ls ul ij dV
yxkuk½ djok, ysfdu ftl ed+ke ij fiNUuk djok, rks ogka ds cky
u eqaMok, vkSj vxj dksbZ eqgj~fje viuk ,d uk[+kwu dkV Mkys rks ml
ij okftc gS fd ,d eqëh vukt lnd+k dj ns vkSj vxj reke uk[+kwu
453
drjok ns rks ml ij ,d cdjh dh dqckZuh okftc gSA vkSj vxj eqgj~fje
[+kq'kcw dks gkFk yxk;s rks ml ij okftc gS fd dqN lnd+k dj nsA vkius
eqgj~fje dks dkys lqjesa ds flok ftl lqjesa es dksbZ [+kq'kcw u gks tc
t+:jr gks rks yxkus dh :[+klr nh gSA vkSj felokd dh btkt+r nh gSA
vkSj gj ml pht+ ls bykt djus dh bt+ktr nh gS ftldk [kkuk gyky
gks ysfdu mlesa [+kq'kcw u gksA eqgj~fje pyrs gq, cx+Sj fdlh bYyr ds
esgfey ds lk;s esa u vk;s ,slk djuk vkids ut+nhd ed:g gS ysfdu
eaft+y ij mrj tkus ds ckn vxj lk;s ¼Nk;k½ esa cSB tk;s rks mldks
:[+klr gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje dks vxj dksbZ ,slh
chekjh gS fd ftlls mldks vius diM+ks dks mrkjus esa [kkSQ dk vans'kk
gS rks vius diM+ks esa gh ,sgjke cka/ks vkSj mlds ,ot+ lnd+k dj nsA
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd
Q fQn;rqu feu fl;kfeu vkS ln%df+ru vkS uqlqfdu beke ckfd+jvl-
Qjekrs gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje vUtkus ;k Hkwydj flys gq, diM+s igu ys
rks ml ij dqN Hkh ykft+e ugh gSA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje nks lQsn lkQ&lqFkjs diM+s igus
vxj lQsn u gks jaxhu gksa rks dksbZ gt+Z ugh gS] ysfdu t+kQjku vkSj
gYnh ds jax ds u gks blh rjg vkSjr Hkh ,slk jaxhu diM+k u igus vkSj
enksZ ds lkeus ,sgjke dh gkyr esa t+sojkr dh uqekb'k u djs rks t+sojkr
iguus esa dksbZ gt+Z ugh gSA blh rjg enZ dks gfFk;kj iguus dh t+:jr
gks rks igus] blh rjg eqgj~fje ds ikl twrk ekStwn u gks ;k mldks ekst+ks
dh t+:jr iS'k vk;s rks V[+kus ds uhps rd ds ekst+s igus mlesa dksbZ gt+Z
ugh gSA
454
eqgj~fje vxj f'kdkj dk eqrZdc gks rks ml ij D;keqgj~fje vxj f'kdkj dk eqrZdc gks rks ml ij D;keqgj~fje vxj f'kdkj dk eqrZdc gks rks ml ij D;keqgj~fje vxj f'kdkj dk eqrZdc gks rks ml ij D;keqgj~fje vxj f'kdkj dk eqrZdc gks rks ml ij D;k
okftc gS\okftc gS\okftc gS\okftc gS\okftc gS\
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
;k v¸;qgy yt+hu% vkeuq yk rd+rqyqLlSn%&&7&5@95 bl vk;r ds
vkf[kj esa tqv vny dk y¶t+ vk;k gS ftldks ,gys cSrv-l- okfgn ;kfu
tqvny i<+rs gS vkSj blls eqjkn beke gS ;k og ftldks beke us d+kbe
fd;k gSA
fjok;r gS fd ,d erZck ,d 'k[+l beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ds
vlgkc esa ls vcq guhQk ds gyd+k , njl ¼lcd+½ ds ikl tkdj [kM+k
gks x;k muds vlgkc mudks ?ksjs gq, Fks og yksxks dks Qrok ns jgs Fks fd
ml oD+r lgkch lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us dgk fd ,s vcq guhQk vki
ml eqgj~fje ds ckjs esa D;k dgrs gSa ftlus f'kdkj fd;k gS\ vcq guhQk
us dgk fd ml ij d¶Qkjk okftc gS mlus dgk fd ;g gde ml ij
dkSu tkjh djsxk\ vcq guhQk us dgk fd nks lkfgckus bUlkQ tSlkfd
[+kqnk us Qjek;k gSA ml 'k[l us dgk fd vxj nksuksa esa bf[+rykQ gks
tk;s rks\ vcq guhQk us dgk ml oD+r rd dksbZ QSlyk u fd;k tk;sa
tc rd nksuksa eqRrfQd+ u gks tk;s ml enZ us dgk fd fdl d+nz vthc
ckr gS fd rqe viuh vdsyh jk; ls ,d ekewyh f'kdkj ftldh d+her
pan fnjge gksrh gS ml oD+r rd dksbZ QSlyk ugh dj ldrs tc rd
dh nwljk 'k[+l rqe ls eqRrfQd+ u gks tk;s ysfdu [+kwu vkSj fudkg o
rykd+ vkSj vEkoky ds ckjs esa rqe viuh vdsyh jk; ls QSlyk djrs gks\
vcq guhQk blds flok dksbZ tokc u ns lds fd mUgksus vius vlgkc ij
ut+j Mkyh vkSj dgk fd ;g jkQt+h dk loky gSA vcq guhQk dk ;g
d+kSy fd QSlyk ml oD+r rd u fd;k tk;s tc rd fd nksuks eqRrfQd+
u gks tk;sa blls rks QSlyk ckfry gks tk,xkA D;ksafd geus vdlj
eqQfr;ksa dks ns[kk gS fd og lc ds lc fdlh ,d ckr ij eqRrfQd+ ugh
gksrs vkSj eqRrfQd+ gksa Hkh rks nwljs bf[+rykQ djrs gSaA
tc vlgkcs vcw guhQk dks ml d+kSy ds Qkfln gksus dk bYe
455
gks x;k rks mUgkasus dgk fd bl ckjs es mldk QSlyk ekuk tk,xk ftlds
QSlys esa f'kdkj dh dher nwljs ls de gksxhA D;ksafd lcls T+;knk de
d+her ij rks nksuks eqRrfQd+ gks gh tk,axsa x+kSj djus ij ;g d+kSy Hkh
Qkfln gS D;kasfd vxj muds D+;kl ds eqrkfcd+ d+her nhukj ;k fnjge
ls yxkbZ xbZ ;k blh fd+Le dh nwljh dksbZ vkSj pht+ f'kdkj dh d+her
eqd+jZj dh xbZ gS rks nksuksa esa ls ,d dgsxk f'kdkj dh d+her ikap fnjge
nwljk dgsxk fd nl fnjgeA rks xks;k muds ut+nhd og nksuks ikap ij
rks eqRrfQd+ gS nj gd+hd+r ;g bfRrQkd+ ugh gS D;ksafd f'kdkj dh
d+her dksbZ ikap fnjge ns rks mlds ut+nhd nw:Lr u gksxk tks mldh
d+her 10 fnjge eqd+jZj djrk gS blds vykok f'kdkj dh d+her
eq[+krfyQ pht+ks ls vnk dh tkrh gS tSls elkdhu dks [kkuk f[kykuk]
vkSj jkst+k Hkh j[kk tkrk gS bu lc ckrks esa dksbZ ,slh pht+ ugh gS fd
ftldh T+;knk de gkus ij bfRrQkd+ fd;k tk lds vkSj gj ,d ds
ut+nhd eqvkot+k Hkh iwjk u gksxk flok; blds fd mlds gqDe ds
eqrkfcd+ cny fn;k tk;s vkSj vxj dqN yksx bfRrQkd+ djsaxs rks nwljs
yksx mldh eq[+kkfyQr djsaxs vkSj ;g fcydqy okts+g ckr gS mlds fy;s
tks bles x+kSj djs vkSj ftldks le>us dh [+kqnk us rkSQhd+ vrk dh gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- bl vk;rs djhek ds ckjs esa Qjekrs gSa %
o eu vkn% Q;urfdeqYykgks feUgks 7&5@95 vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj
dksbZ 'k[+l fdlh pht+ dk f'kdkj djs ,sgjke dh gkyr esa rks ml ij
okftc gS fd og mlds fely tt+k ns vxj og nksckjk dksbZ f'kdkj djs
rks ml ij dksbZ gde tkjh u fd;k tk,xk [+kqnk mlls bfUrd+ke ysxkA
vki vk;rs djhek %
;k v¸;qgy yt+hu% vkeuq yk rd+rqyqLlSn% o vurqe gq:equ & & & vks
d¶Qkjrqu rvkeks elkdhu% vkso vnyks t+kfyd% fl;keu 7&5@95 ds
ckjs esa Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ 'k[+l ,sgjke dh gkyr esa dksbZ f'kdkj
456
djs rks vuvke ;kfu tks pkSik;ks esa ls mlds fely dqckZuh djs vkSj dksbZ
tkuoj vuvke esa ls u feys rks ml ij okftc gS mldh d+her lnd+k
dj nsA
vks vnyks t+kfyd% fl;keu ls eqjkn gS mlds ikl fQn;k vkSj d+her
Hkh u gks rks d¶Qkjk ds cjkcj jkst+k j[ksA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ 'k[+l ,sgjke dh gkyr esa ;k
reRrks dh gkyr esa f'kdkj djs vkSj mlds ikl fQn;k u gks rks jkst+k
j[ks vkSj og jkst+k ds njfe;ku eqLrrhv gks tk;s rks ml ij d+t+k okftc
ugh gSA mldk d¶Qkjk vnk gksxkA beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj
dksbZ eqgj~fje 'kqrqjeqxZ dk f'kdkj djs rks og ,d ÅaVuh dh dqckZuh djs
vxj bldh bfLrrkvr u gksa rks 60 feLdhuks dks [kkuk f[kyk nsA vxj
bl ij Hkh dqnjr u gks rks 18 fnu rd jkst+k j[ksA vkils iqNk x;k fd
vxj yksx ,sgjke dh gkyr esa 'kqrqjeqxZ ds cPps dk f'kdkj djs rks\
vkius Qjek;k fd gj cPps ds ,ot+ esa ,d ÅaVuh ft+Cgs djsA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ml eqgj~fje ds ckjs esa Qjekrs gSa ftlus
'kqrqjeqxZ ds v.Ms rksM+ fn;s gSA vki Qjekrs gSa fd uj ÅaV dks v.Ms dh
fxurh ds eqrkfcd ÅaVfu;ksa ij NksM+ nsuk pkfg;sA vc muls tks cPps
iSnk gksaxs og dqckZuh fd;s tk,axsA vkSj tks u iSnk gksaxs rks dqN Hkh ugh
D;kasfd v.Mks dh Hkh ;gh lwjr gSA muesa ls dqN vPNs gksrs gS vkSj dqN
[+kjkcA ysfdu vxj mUgksus ,sls v.Ms rksM+s gS ftuesa cPps rks Fks ysfdu
vHkh mu esa ftanxh ugh vkbZ Fkh rks mu ij okftc gS fd og uj ÅaV dks
ÅaVfu;ksa esa Hkst ns gRrkfd ;g irk py tk;s fd og gkfeyk gks xbZ gS
rks tks muds bYe ds eqrkfcd+ gkfeyk gks pqdh gks muls tks cPps iSnk
gksaxs og dqckZuh fd;s tk,axsA vkSj tks gey ds ckn gykd gks tk;sa rks
mlesa dksbZ gtZ+ ugh gSA D;kasfd v.Ms ds cPps Hkh Bhd mlh rjg ls muesa
ls dqN rS;kj gksrs gS vkSj dqN rS;kj ugh gksrsA vkSj vxj mUgksus ,sls
v.Ms rksM+s gks ftues :g iSnk gks pqdh Fkh rks mlds vnn ds eqrkfcd+ uj
Å¡V Å¡Vfu;ksa ij NksM+ nsuk pkfg;sA ;gka rd fd ÅaVfu;ksa dks gey djkj
ik tk;sa vkSj muds cPps isVks esa gjdr djs fQj muesa ls tks ftank iSnk
gks og dqckZuh fd;s tk;sa vkSj tks iSnkbZ'k ds ckn ej tk;sa rks mlesa dksbZ
457
gtZ+ ugh gSA D;ksafd v.Mks ds cPps Hkh muesa ls fdrus ftank ckgj fudyrs
gS vkSj fdrus vUnj gh ej tkrs gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje og'kh x/ks dk
f'kdkj djs rks mlds ,ot+ ,d ÅaVuh dh dqckZuh djsA vxj bl ij
dqnjr u gks rks lkB elkdhu dks [kkuk f[kyk;sA vxj ;g Hkh u gks lds
rks 18 fnu ds jkst+k j[ksA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje uhy xk;
dk f'kdkj djs rks mlds ,ot+ ?kjsyq xk; dh dqckZuh djsA vxj u gks
lds rks 30 feLdhuks dks [kkuk f[kykvks vxj ;g Hkh u gks lds rks 9 fnu
ds jkst+s j[ksA vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje fgjuksa dk f'kdkj djs rks
ml ij okftc gS fd ,d cdjh dh dqckZUkh djsA vxj u gks lds rks 10
elkdhu ij lnd+k o [+kSjkr djsA vkSj vxj ;g Hkh u gks rks 3 fnu rd
jkst+k j[ksA vxj fcTtw dk f'kdkj djs rks ,d cdjh vkSj ,d [+kjxks'k ds
,ot+ cdjh vkSj dcwrj ds ,ot+ cdjh vkSj vkSj ,sls gh nwljks ifjanks ds
,ot+ Hkh cdjh dh dqckZuh djsA vkSj xkSag] taxyh pqgs vkSj epNj ds
,ot+ cdjh ds cPps dh dqckZuh djsA vkSj ykseM+h ds ,ot+ ,d cdjh
dqckZu djsA vki Qjekrs gSa fd dcwrj oxS+jg ds v.Ms vxj dksbZ rksM+s rks
cdfj;ksa ds lkFk oSlk gh fd;k tk;s tSlk fd 'kqrqjeqxZ ds v.Ms rksM+us ij
ÅaVfu;ks ds lkFk fd;k x;k FkkA bldh rQlhy mij gks pqdh gS vkSj
vkius Qjek;k fd gj cPps ds ,ot+ ,d NksVk cdjh dk cPpk dqckZu
djuk pkfg;sA vki Qjekrs gSa vxj tevkr fey dj f'kdkj djs rks lc
ij vyx&vyx tt+k okftc gSA vki Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje dks yk;d+
ugh gS fd og fgy o gje ds ckgj ;k eDdk esa f'kdkj dks tk;t+ dj
ys vkSj u ml rjQ b'kkjk djs fd ftlls f'kdkj dks vius fy;s tk;t+
le>saA vkils iqNk x;k fd ,d eqgj~fje bruk etcwj gks tk;s dh ,d
rjQ f'kdkj gks vkSj nwljh rjQ eqjnkj rks muesa ls fdldks [kk;sA vkius
Qjek;k fd f'kdkj dks [kk;s vkSj vxj dqnjr gks rks mlds ,ot+ tt+k
nsA
vkius Qjek;k fd fdlh eqgj~fje us rhj pyk;k vkSj f'kdkj dh
Vkax ;k gkFk rksM+ fn;k rks vxj eqgj~fje us ml dks bl gky esa NksM+k gS
fd og [kM+k gksdj pj jgk gks rks ml ij tt+k dk pkSFkk fgLlk vnk
458
djuk ykfte+ gSA vxj f'kdkj rhj yxus ds ckn pyk tk;s vkSj eqgj~fje
dks ekywe ugh dh D;k gqvk rks ml lwjr esa ml ij iwjk cnyk okftc
gSA vkius Qjek;k fd eqgj~fje f'kdkj dks [+okg [kq'd gks ;k rj mlesa
t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh gkFk u yxk;sA vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj eqgj~fje us fdlh
pht+ dk f'kdkj fd;k rks mlds ,ot+ dqckZuh djs mldks u [+kqn [kk, u
fdlh dks f[kyk, cfYd nQu dj nsA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh 'k[+l us fdlh
cPps dks ysdj gt fd;k vkSj mlus fdlh pht+ dk f'kdkj fd;k rks gt
djkus okys ij mldh tt+k okftc gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj X+kqyke us c&gkyrs
,sgjke f'kdkj fd;k gS vkSj mldks gt djkus okyk mldk vkd+k gS rks
vkd+k ij cnyk okftc gS vkSj vxj X+kqyke ,sgjke dh gkyr esa u Fkk vkSj
mlus f'kdkj fd;k ysfdu mlds vkd+k us f'kdkj dk gqDe mldks ugh
fn;k Fkk rks vkd+k ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSSA gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuvl-
Qjekrs gSa fd tc eqgj~fje f'kdkj dh tt+k ns rks mlesa ls dqN Hkh u
[kk;sA vki Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje ds eqrkfYyd+ igys bl ckr dk QSlyk
fd;k tk, fd D;k mlus f'kdkj d+lnu fd;k Fkk ;k x+yrh ls fd;k Fkk
vkils iqNk x;k fd eqgj~fje vxj ,sgjke cka/k jgk gks vkSj mlds ?kj esa
f'kdkj ekStwn gks rks \ vkius Qjek;k fd og f'kdkj mldks uqd+lkunsg
u gksxkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us NksVs ifjanks elyu xkSj¸;k fpaMksy
¼fpfM+;k¡½ oxSjg vxj eqgj~fje buesa ls fdlh dks Hkh ekj Mkys rks ml ij
eqëh Hkj vukt eqd+jZj Qjek;k gSA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- us eqgj~fje dks fVM~Mh dk f'kdkj djus
vkSj ,sgjke dh gkyr esa mldks [kkus ls euk Qjek;k gSA vxj mldks
Hkwy ls ekj Mkys ;k mldh lokjh fVM~Mh dks jksans rks bl lwjr esa ml
ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gS ysfdu buesa ls ftldks Hkh d+lnu ekj Mkys
rks mlds ,ot+ ,d eqëh vukt lnd+k dj nsA vkSj vxj dksbZ eqgj~fje
fNidyh tSls tkuoj ;k HkM+ ¼dhV iraxs½ d+lnu ekj Mkys rks ,d eqêh
vukt lnd+k dj ns vkSj ;gh cnyk fpaVh] [kVey] ePNj dks ekjus ij
Hkh okftc gSA
459
veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us gnwn fgy esa
vkSj gje dh gn esa pqgs dks ekjus dh bt+ktr nh gSA beke
tvQ#Llkfnd+vl- Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje HksfM+;ksa] fx)] phy] pqgk] lkai
fcPNq dks ekjs rks dksbZ gtZ+ ugh gSA vkSj gj oks pht+ tks ml ij geykoj
gks vkSj ftlls eqgj~fje dks viuh tku dk [+krjk gks vkSj oks bldks bZt+k
igqapk;s tSls ikxy dqRrk] vkSj nfjank tkuoj x+t+Z gj ,d geykoj pht+
dks ekj Mkys rks dksbZ gt+Z ugh gSA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd eqgj~fje vkSj x+Sj eqgj~fje nksuks ds fy;s nfj;k
dk gj ,d f'kdkj gyky gS mldks [kk;sa vkSj mlesa ls rkS'kk Hkh cuk,A
vkils vkch fpfM+;kas ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd og
reke ifjansa tks ikuh esa rks jgrs gS ysfdu v.Ms cPps [kq'dh esa nsrs gS oks
[+kq'dh ds f'kdkj gSa vkSj [+kq'dh ds tks ifjans jgrs rks gSa [+kq'dh esa vkSj
v.Ms cPps nfj;k esa nsrs gSaA og nfj;k ds f'kdkj gSaA
vkils fl/kh ¼ikyh gqbZ½ eqxhZ ds ckjs esa iqNk x;k rks vkius
Qjek;k fd og f'kdkj esa 'kqekj ugh gSaA ifjanksa esa ls ogh f'kdkj gS tks
eqLrfd+y rkSj ij mM+ku djrs gSaA vkius Qjek;k fd tks 'k[+l f'kdkj dk
bfrZdkc djs rks vxj og gkth gS rks ehuk esa f'kdkj ds ,ot+ dqckZuh djs
vkSj mejkg djusokyk gks rks og eDdk esa f'kdkj ds ,ot+ dqckZuh djsA
gje esa nkf[kyk vkSj nhxj vkeky ox+Sjg dk c;kugje esa nkf[kyk vkSj nhxj vkeky ox+Sjg dk c;kugje esa nkf[kyk vkSj nhxj vkeky ox+Sjg dk c;kugje esa nkf[kyk vkSj nhxj vkeky ox+Sjg dk c;kugje esa nkf[kyk vkSj nhxj vkeky ox+Sjg dk c;ku
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o us eDdk ds f'kdkj dks Hkxkus vkSj fdlh nj[+r dks m[kkM+us vkSj
mldks ryokj ls dkVus ls euk Qjek;k gSA vkSj [kq'kcwnkj ikS/kk vkSj
pjokgs ds MaMs ds fy;s :[+klr nh gSA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o Qjekrs gSa fd vxj
rqe fdlh dks ns[kks fd mlus fdlh nj[+r dks ryokj ls dkV fn;k ;k
rksM+ fn;k ;k f'kdkj dks Hkxk fn;k gS ;kfu gqnwn gje es rks rqEgkjs fy;s
tk;t+ gS fd rqe mlls Nhu yks vkSj mldh ihB ij rdyhQ igaqpkvksA
c ,ot+ ml uk tkbt+ Qsvy ds tks mlus vius fy, gje esa tkbt+ dj
fy;k gSA
460
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd gqnwns gje esa vxj dksbZ
'k[+l fdlh nj[+r dks m[kkM+s ;k ryokj ls dkVs rks og mldh dher
ds eqrkfcd lndk djsA vkSj xS+j eqgj~fje Hkh gje esa f'kdkj djs rks ml
ij mldh dher vnk djuk okftc gSA vkSj vxj fdlh us gqnwns gje ds
ckgj f'kdkj ij rhj pyk;k vkSj og mldks tk yxk vkSj Nykax ekjdj
gje esa nkf[ky gks x;k vkSj og mlds rhj yxus dh otg ls ej x;k
rks ml lwjr esa ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSA vkius Qjek;k fd fdlh
us f'kdkj fd;k vkSj oks mldks ftank gkyr esa gje ess ysdj nkf[+ky gks
x;k rks vc mldks idM+s j[kuk ml ij gjke gS mldks NksM+ nsuk
pkfg;sA vkSj vxj mlus gqnwns gje ds ckgj ft+cg dj fy;k fQj ml
f'kdkj dks vius gejkg ysdj gje esa pyk x;k rks ml ij dqN Hkh
okftc ugh gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ,d 'k[+l eDdk ls ,d ifjank
ysdj pyk vkSj og mldks ysdj dwQk igq¡pk rks ml ij okftc gS fd
ifjans dks gje es okil igq¡pk nsA
beke tvQ#Llkfnd+v-l- ls ,d ,sls 'k[+l ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk
x;k tks gje esa vius lkFk f'kdkj ysdj nkf[+ky gqvk rks D;k vc og
mldks okil ysdj ckgj fudy tk;s vkius Qjek;k fd ugh tc og
mldks gje esa ysdj nkf[+ky gks x;k rks ml ij gjke gS fd og mldks
idM+ j[ksA vkius Qjek;k fd gje esa iM+h gqbZ dksbZ pht+ ugh mBkuh
pkfg;s mldks mlh txg ij iM+h jgus fn;k tk;s rkfd ftldh pht+ gks
og vkdj ys tk;sA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- tc gje 'kjhQ esa nkf[+ky gksus dk dln
Qjekrs rks igys vki X+kqLy djrsA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa
fd gt reRrks djus okyk tc gje esa nkf[ky gks rks yCcSd dguk can
dj ns vkSj rdchjk o rgyhy dk dfyek i<+uk 'kq: dj nsA vki
Qjekrs gSa fd gt vkSj mejkg djus okyk tc eDdk esa nkf[+ky gks rks
lcls igys vius vlckcs lQj dks vkjke xkg ij j[k ns blds ckn
efLtns gjke dk dln djs uaxs iSj iqj odkj gkyr esa gje esa nkf[+ky
gksuk eqLŸkfgc gSA vkSj gje esa igys ckcs cuh 'kSck ls nkf[+ky gksuk pkfg,
;g ckcqy bjkdhf¸;u dgykrk gS] nkf[+ky gksrs oD+r ftruh Hkh nqvk dj
lds djs bl flyflys esa vgys cSr fdjkev-l- ls c&dljr nqvk,¡ ejoh
461
gS ysfdu blesa ls dksbZ nqvk e[+klwl ugh gSA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls
fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o tc gTtrqy fonk ds ekSds ij efLtnqy
gjke esa nkf[+ky gq, rks vkius gtjs vlon ls 'kq: fd;k vkSj mldks
ckSlk fn;k fQj vkius rokQ 'kq: fd;kA
rokQ dk c;kurokQ dk c;kurokQ dk c;kurokQ dk c;kurokQ dk c;ku
beke ckfd+jv-l ls ejoh gSa vkius Qjek;k fd tks cUnk bl
cSrqYykg dk lkr erZck rokQ nsxk vkSj nks ¼2½ jdkvr uekt+ i<+sxk vkSj
vPNh rjg ls uekt+ o rokQ vnk djsxk rks [+kqnk mldks ekQ dj nsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd rokQ gt ds
vge mewj eas ls gSaA vxj fdlh us d+lnu rokQ okftc dks NksM+ fn;k
rks mldk gt u gksxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSaa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o tc efLtns gjke
esa nkf[+ky gksrs rks lcls igys gtjs vlon ds ikl tkrs vkSj mldks
ckslk nsrs fQj vki nkfgus igyq ls rokQ “kq: djrs vkSj dkck vkids
ck,a gkFk dh rjQ gksrk lkr rokQ bl rjg nsrs fd rhu rokQ esa FkksM+k
nkSM+rs vkSj ckd+h pkj esa vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk pyrsA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl
Qjekrs gSa fd vkSjrks ij rokQ esa nkSM+uk okftc ugh gSaA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o tc Hkh rokQ djrs gq, gtjs
vlon vkSj :Dus ;ekuh ds ikl ls xqt+jrs rks nksuksa dks vki ckslk nsrs
FksA vki Qjekrs gSa fd rokQ esa ckrphr djus es dksbZ gtZ rks ugh gSa
ysfdu nqvk vkSj dqjvku i<+uk vQt+y gSaA
vgys cSrs vrgkjv-l ls rokQ esa i<+us ds fy, c&dljr nqvk,a
vkbZ gSa buesa dksbZ nqvk e[+klwl ugh gSaA gtjs vlon vkSj ckcs dkvck ds
njfe;ku rokQ djusokyk igq¡ps rks ml oD+r nqvk i<+us dh rjx+hc nh
xbZ gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd chekj vkSj ,sls “k[+l dks
tks py u ldrs gksa mBkdj rokQ djk;k tk, vxj dqN py ldsa vkSj
lQkg o ejokg ij [kM+k gks lds rks ,slk djsA vkius Qjek;k fd mBk
dj rokQ djkus esa gkfey vkSj gewy ¼lokj gksus okyk vkSj lokj dks
mBkus okys½ nksuks dk rokQ gksrk gSaA
462
beke ckfd+jv-l us twrk igudj ¼ikd gks½ rokQ nsus dh btkt+r
nh gSaA vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us vius Å¡V ij
lokj gks dj rokQ fn;k FkkA vkids gkFk esa ,d ydM+h Fkh ftldk fljk
eqMk gqvk FkkA tc vki gtjs vlon ls xqtjrs rks mlls vki gtjs
vlon dks ckslk nsrs FksA
vkius Qjek;k fd rgkjr dh gkyr esa rokQ nsuk pkfg,A vxj
fdlh us cx+Sj oqT+k+w ds rokQ fd;k rks mldks rokQ “kqekj u djsA vkSj
vxj fdlh us u¶y rokQ cxS+j oqT+k+w ds fd;k fQj oqT+k+w djds nks ¼2½
jdkvr rokQ dh uekt+ i<+h rks blesa dksbZ gtZ ugh gSA ysfdu Qt+Z
rokQ oqT+k+w ds cxS+j tkbt+ ugh gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ “k[l rokQ
djrk gks vkSj mlds njfe;ku udlhj VwV tk;s ;k nnZ gksus yxs ;k dksbZ
vkSj ckr gks tk, rks rokQ d+rv dj nsA mlds ckn fQj rokQ esa
e”kxwy gks rks ogka ls rokQ “kq: djs tgka ls mlus rokQ cUn fd;k gSaA
c”krsZa fd vk/ks ;k mlls T+;knk rokQ gks pqds gksA vxj vk/ks ls de
gqvk gks vkSj ;g rokQ Qt+Z gks rks tks igys dj pqdk gksa mldks NksMdj
fQj ls rokQ djsA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd gSt+ okyh vkSj fuQkl okyh tSlh reke vkSjrsa
fgy ds eqokfd+Q ¼Bgjus dh txg½ esa od+wQ djsa ¼Bgjs½ vkSj rokQs
cSrqYykg vkSj lbZ lQk o ejokg ds flok reke eukfld vnk djasA
efLtns gjke esa nkf[+ky u gks vkSsj tc ikdht+k gkyr esa gks tk,a rks
muls tks dqN QkSr gqvk gks mldks vnk djsaA vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj
dksbZ rokQ djrs&djrs Fkd tk,a rks vkjke djus es dksbZ gt+Z ugh gSaA
tc rokQ djrs oD+r uekt+ dk oD+r gks tk, rks yksxksa dks pkfg, fd
viuk rokQ d+rv dj ns vkSj uekt+ i<+us ds ckn ckd+h rokQ dks iwjk
djs vkSj usdh ds dkeksa ds fy, rokQ d+rv djus dh btkt+r nh gSa vkSj
vxj rrOoksv dk rokQ gks rks tgka ls NksM+k Fkk ogka ls iwjk djsA vkSj
vxj dksbZ “k[+l fuLQ ¼vk/kk½ ;k blls T+;knk rokQ dj pqdk fQj
chekj iM+ x;k gks rks fdlh vkSj “k[+l dks gqDe ns fd mlds ckd+h rokQ
dks mldh rjQ ls iwjk dj ns vkSj fuLQ ls de rokQ fd;k gS fQj oks
lsgrean gks x;k rks oks lkr rokQ djs ;k mldh rjQ ls rokQ fd;k
tk, vkSj vxj fcekjh rwy idM+s rks mldks mBkdj rokQ djk;k tk,A
463
vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj Qt+Z uekt+ dk oD+r gks tk, rks igys uekt+ i<+h
tk, fQj rokQ fd;k tk,A
vkils ,d ,sls “k[+l ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k tks Qt+Z dk rokQ
djrs&djrs ;s Hkwy x;k fd mlus N% rokQ fd;k gS ;k mlus lkr rokQ
fd;k gSa \ vkius Qjek;k fd fQj ls rokQ djsA vt+Z fd;k fd oks rokQ
ls fudy x;k vkSj rokQ QkSr gks pqdk gSa \ vkius Qjek;k fd rc mles
dksbZ gt+Z ugh gS vkSj vxj rokQ djus okys us N% rokQ fd;k exj
mldk xqeku ;g gS fd mlus lkr rokQ fd;k gS fQj ml ij jks”ku gks
x;k fd mlus N% gh rokQ fd;k gSa rks ,d rokQ vkSj djsA vkSj vxj
lkr ds cnys vkB erZck rokQ dj Mkys rks mlesa N% vkSj “kkfey dj
ns fQj ed+kes bczkfgev-l ds ikl tkdj pkj jdkvr uekt i<+s blds
ckn lQkg o ejokg dk rokQ djs bl lwjr esa mlds nks rokQ “kqekj
gksaxsA ,d Qt+Z rokQ vkSj nwljk u¶y rokQ gksxkA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd ed+kes grhe ds ihNs ls rokQ djuk pkfg,
vxj dksbZ grhe esa nkf[ky gks tk, rks fQj ls rokQ djsA eqyrft+e ds
ikl i<+us ds fy, vgys cSrv-l ls c&dljr nqvk,sa ejoh gS ysfdu muesa
ls dksbZ e[klwl ugh gSA eqyrft+e cSrqYykg ds iq”r dks dgrs gSa ckcs
dkvck ds eqd+kfcy rokQ djus okyk tc lkrosa rokQ esa ogka igqaps rks
mlls fpiV dj ckjxkgs [+kqnk oUn esa nqvk,sa djs vkSj vius x+qukgksa dh
ekQh pkgsA
beke ckfd+jv-l dk ;g ekvewy Fkk fd vki vius xqykeksa dks
vius ikl ls gVk nsrs FksA vkSj fQj [+kqnk ls equktkr djrs vkSj ftl ckr
ls ex+fQjr pkgrs Fks mldk ckjxkgs bykgh esa ft+Ø djrs FksA
bfLrykes gtj dk eryc ;g gS fd tc rokQ djus okyk gtjs
vlon ds ikl igq¡ps rks mldks ckslk ns ;k vius gkFk ls mldks Nq, ;k
mldh rjQ b”kkjk djs vxj pweus ;k b”kkjk djus ij d+kfnj u gks] rks
mlls ftruk gks lds nqvk djsA vkSjrksa ij bfLryke okftc ugh gSa oks
enksZ ls et+kfge ¼HkhM+&HkkM+½ u gksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd rokQ dkck ds pkS rjQ
lkr erZck pDdj djus dks dgrs gSaA ,d pDdj :Dus vlon ls
cSrqYykg ds fxnZ :Dus grhe ds ikl ls ?kwers gq, :Dus vlon ij [kRe
djs tgk ls rokQ “kq: fd;k FkkA bl rjg ls lkr erZck rokQ djus
464
ds ckn ed+kes bczkfgev-l ds ihNs nks ¼2½ jdkvr uekt+ i<s+A bu nks
jdkvrks esa dqy ;k v;~;ksgy dkQs:u vkSj dqy gqoYykgks vgn] lwjv%
^Qkrsgk* ds ckn i<+uk eqLrfgc gSaA blds ckn ckcqy lQkg ls fudy dj
lQkg o ejokg ds njfe;ku lkr pDdj djsA vken&j¶r esa lQk ls
“kq: djs vkSj ejokg ij [kRe djs vxj dksbZ rokQ dh nks jdkvr uekt+
i<+uk Hkwy tk, rks mldks d+t+k i<+sA vxj eDdk ls ckgj fudy tk,
rks tgka igqapdj ;kn vk, ogka i<s+A
beke TkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSaa fd rokQ dh nks ¼2½ jdkvr
uekt+ i<+us ds ckn vxj rqe t+et+e ij vkdj ikuh ih ldrs gks vkSj
mldks vius ftLe ij Mky ldrs gks rks ,slk djasA vki Qjekrs gSa fd
rqe ,d mlcwv ;kfu lkr pDdj ds lkFk nwljs mlcwv ;kfu lkr pDdj
dks “kkfey u djks bYykafd ¼vxj½ rqeus Hkwydj mlcwv ;kfu lkr
pDdj esa bt+kQk dj fn;k gksA ,d erZck beke gluv-l- vkSj beke
gqlSuv-l us vlj ds ckn rokQ fd;k vkSj vkcs t+et+e dks [kM+s&[kM+s
nksuks “kgt+knksa us fi;k FkkA
beke TkvQj:Llkfnd+v-l ls iwNk x;k fd vxj dksbZ “k[+l Qtz
;k vlj ds ckn eDdk esa nkf[+ky gks rks D;k djs \ v;ka og rokQ nsdj
rokQ dh nks jdkvr uekt+ i<s+ ;k rokQ ls Qkfjx+ gksus ds ckn i<+s \
vkius Qjek;k fd gka] vxj rokQ Qt+Z gks rks] ojuk u¶y rokQ bu
nksuks vkSd+kr esa djs rks tc rd uekt+ dk oD+r u gks tk;s rokQ dh nks
jdkvr uekt+ u i<+saA
vkius Qjek;k fd rokQ vkSj uekt+s rokQ ds ckn vxj lbZ dh
tk, rks ;g csgrj gSaaA vkSj vxj fdlh otg ls dksbZ lbZ dks eqo[+[+kj
¼ckn esa½ dj ns vkSj rokQ o lbZ ds njfe;ku QdZ o Qklyk gks tk,
rks dksbZ gt+Z ugh gSaA vkius Qjek;k fd rokQ ls igys lbZ u djuk
pkfg, vxj fdlh us lbZ dj fn;k gks rks fQj ml lbZ dks tkus ns vkSj
fQj ls rokQ nsdj lbZ djsA
beke ckfd+jv-l vk;rs djhek %
bUul lQk oy ejor% feu 'kvkbfjYykfg & & ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs
gSa fd lQkg o ejokg dk rokQ okftc o Qt+Z gSaA vk;r et+dwjkg esa
465
bldh iwjh ot+kgr gSaA vxj bu nksuksa dk rokQ u djus dh t+jk Hkh
:[klr gksrh rks vk;r ds ;g vyQkt gksrs fd %
Qyk tqukg% vySfg vU;r rOoQ% fcfgek ;kfu lQkg o ejokg dk
rokQ u fd;k tk, rks blesa dksbZ xqukg ugh gSa bl vk;r ls ekywe gksrk
gS fd vjc bu nksuks ds rokQ dks xqukg le>rs Fks vkSj okfd+vk Hkh ;gh
Fkk valkj ;kfu enhuk ds ckf'kUns eukr ij dfyek i<+rs Fks vkSj ;g
eukr d+nhn ds eqd+kfcy Fkk pqukaps oks lQk o ejokg ds njfe;ku lbZ
esa gtZ [;ky djrs Fks tc bLyke vk;k rks mUgksaus jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ls bl
ckjs esa iwNk rks [+kqnk us vk;rs djhek ukft+y dh fd %
bUul lQk oy ejor% feu 'kvkbfjYykfg&&A
beke TkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l us lQk o ejokg ds njfe;ku rokQ
dk ft+Ø djrs gq, Qjek;k fd ckcs lQk ls fudydj lQk ij p<+uk
pkfg, fQj ogka ls ykSVuk pkfg, blh rjg lkr erZck lQk ls “kq:
djds ejokg ij [kRe djuk pkfg,A tc Hkh lQk o ejokg ij p<+k tk,
rks ogka nqvk dh tk, ftl d+nj eqefdu gks mlh rjg lQk o ejokg ds
chp esa Hkh nqvk esa e”kX+kwy jguk pkfg,A
bl flyflys esa vgys cSrs fdjkev-l ls c&dljr nqvk, eudwy
gSa ysfdu buesa ls dksbZ nqvk e[+klwl ugh gSaA lQk o ejokg ds njfe;ku
tc Hkh crus oknh ls xqt+j gks rks bles lbZ djuk pkfg, vkSj vkSjrksa ij
lbZ okftc ugh gSaaA
gt reRrksv dk c;kugt reRrksv dk c;kugt reRrksv dk c;kugt reRrksv dk c;kugt reRrksv dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
Qeu reRrv% fcy mejfr byy gfTt Qel rSlj% feuy gnf;
2&2@196A rtqZek % tks dksbZ Hkh mejkg o gt lkFk lkFk djus dk
466
Qk;nk ysuk pkgs rks tks feys mldh dqckZuh djsA beke TkvQ:Llkfnd+vl
ls ejoh gS fd tks “k[l gt reRrkvs djuk pkgs rks oks eDdk vkdj
cSrqYykg dk rokQ ns vkSj lQk o ejokg ds njfe;ku lbZ djsA fQj
vius flj ds cky nksuks tkfuc ls NksVs djk, nk<+h vkSj ewaN ds cky Hkh
FkksMs+ drjok;as vkSj uk[+kwu Hkh rj”kok,a ckd+h gt ds fnu ds fy, jgus nsA
vkSj bues ls cvt+ drjok;sa vksj dqN jgus ns rks ;g Hkh dkQh gksxk vkSj
vxj fdlh us eqaMok fn;k rks fQj ,d cdjh okftc gSaA tc dqckZuh dk
fnu vk, rks flj ij mlrjk fQjok,a tSlk fd xats flj okyk djrk gSaA
vxj dksbZ ckyksa dks NksVk fd, cxSj ,sgjke cak/k ys rks ml ij dqN Hkh
okftc ugh gSaA ysfdu og [+kqnk ls bfLrx+Qkj djsA
beke TkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd reRrksv mejkg ds
rokQ ds ckn tc rd cky u drjk,a u¶y rokQ u djsA eqrerkv cky
rj”kokus ds ckn viuh tkst+k ls fey ldrk gSaA vxj oks cky rj”kokus
ls igys pyk x;k rks ml ij ,d cdjh dh dqckZuh okftc gSaA vxj
ckslk fn;k gS rks ml ij ,d cdjh dh dqckZuh okftc gSA eqrerkv
eqgj~fje tc ,sgjke mrkj ns rks gt ds fy, nwljk ,sgjke cak/kus rd
ftruk pkgs rrOoksv dk rokQ dj ldrk gSaA
vkius Qjek;k fd eqrerkv tc viuk ,sgjke [ksky ns rks dehl
u igus cfYd eqgj~fje ds eq”kkck ¼tSls½ cuk jgs vgys eDdk dks Hkh
pkfg, fd oks blh rjg ls jgsA ;kfu eqgj~fjehu dh rjg X+kqckj vkywn cus
jgsaA beke ckfd+jv-l ls eqrerkv ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k fd vxj oks rjfo;k
ds fnu eDdk vk, rks D;k djs \ vkius Qjek;k fd vxj oks t+oky ls
igys vk, rks cSrqYykg dk rokQ djs vkSj ,sgjke [kksy ns vkSj tc t+ksgj
dh uekt+ i<+ pqds rks ,sgjke cak/k ysA vxj fnu ds vkf[kjh fgLls esa vk,
rks reRrks ds gt esa dksbZ gtZ ugh gSa oks yksxks ls feuk esa tkdj feysA
vxj ;kses vjQk igq¡ps rks gt reRrks QkSr gks x;kA bl lwjr esa gts
eqQjZn djsA
beke TkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls ,d vkSjr ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k
ftlus reRrksv fcy mejkg byy gt fd;k ysfdu tc mlus ,sgjke
[kksy fn;k rks mldks gSt+ dk vUns”kk gqvk rks ml oD+r oks D;k djs \
vkius Qjek;k fd gt dk ,sgjke cka/ks vkSj gt ds fy, cSrqYykg dk
rokQ djs vkSj lbZ djsA vxj vkSjr gt ls igys rokQ o lbZ dks
467
eqdn~ne djs rks mlds fy, dksbZ gtZ ugh gSa vxj reRrksv fcy mejkg
ls d+Cy gSt+ vk tk, rks yksxksa ds lkFk gt ds fy, fudy tk, vkSj tc
rd ikd u gks tk, rokQ dks eqof[+[++kj j[ksA
vkius vk;rs djhek %
t+kfyd% fyeu ye ;dqu vgyqgw& & 2&2@196 ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k
fd vgys eDdk ds fy, reRrksv fcy mejkg ugh gSa vkSj u mu yksxks
ds fy, gS tks vgys eDdk ls ugh gSa cfYd eDdk esa eqd+he gks x, gSa gt
ds eghuks esa dksbZ “k[l mejkg ysdj nkf[ky gks rks gt rd bd+ker djs
rks oks eqreRrkv gSa vxj ykSV tk, rks ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSaA
;g mldk mejkg eqQjZn ¼vdsyk½ gksxkA vkius Qjek;k fd
Qeu reRrv% fcy mejfr byy gfTt & & 2&2@196 esa tSlk fd
bj”kkns ckjh rvkyk gS fd ,d cdjh ;k blds vykok fdlh tkuoj dh
dqckZuh djsA vxj ;g eqefdu u gks rks v;~;keqy gt esa rhu fnu jkst+k
j[ks ,d rjfo;k ls igys ¼7oha½ vkSj ,d rjfo;k ds jkst+ ¼8oha½ vkSj ,d
vjQk ds jkst+ vkSj tc vius vgyks v;ky dh tkfuc okil ykSV tk,
rks lkr fnu rd jkst+k j[ks vxj gt esa e'kx+wy gks tk, rks fQj mldks
bf[+r;kj gS tc pkgs jkst+k j[ks vxj vOoy v”kjkg esa jkst+k j[ks rks ;g
csgrj gSa vkSj vxj v;~;kes gt esa jkst+k u j[ks rks jkLrs esa j[ks vxj
mldks ekywe u Fkk vkSj mlus jkst+k u j[kk rks vius ?kj igq¡pus ds ckn
nl fnu rd jkst+k j[ksA
vkius Qjek;k fd vxj fdlh ds ikl cdjh dh d+her ekStwn u
gks rks jkst+k j[ks vkSj fdlh ds ikl d+her rks ekStwn gks ysfdu cdjh u
feys rks feuk ls dwp ds vk[+kjh fnu rd cdjh u feys rks bl lwjr es
jkst+k ds flok ml ij dqN okftc ugh gSaA
beke TkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd vxj eqreRrkv dks
dqckZuh dk tkuoj u fey ldk ;k mlds feyus ls igys bfUrd+ky dj
x;k ;k jkst+k j[kus ls igys bfUrd+ky dj x;k rks bl lwjr esa mldk
oyh mlds ,ot+ esa jkst+k j[ksA vki Qjekrs gSa fd eqreRrkv rlylqy
468
ds lkFk ¼yxkrkj½ jkst+k j[ks ysfdu fdlh bYyr ;k cx+Sj bYyr
¼rdyhQ½ ds jkst+ks esa rlylqy u j[k lds vkSj bj”kkns ckjh rvkyk ds
eqrkfcd+ ftruk j[kus dk gqDe gSa mruk j[k ys rks mlds fy, ;s dkQh
gksxkA vkius Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ fdlh cPps dks gt reRrks fcy
mejkg djok, rks mldh rjQ ls dqckZuh djuk mlij okftc gSaA
vki eqreRrkv ds ckjs esa Qjekrs gSa fd rjfo;k ds fnu xq+Ly djs
vkSj ,sgjke ds nks diM+s igus fQj uaxas ikao efLtns gjke esa nkf[ky gks
pkgs rks lkr erZck rrOoksv dk rokQ djs vkSj rokQ dh nks jdkvr
uekt+ i<+s fQj cSB tk,A ;gka rd fd t+ksgj dh uekt+ i<+us ds ckn
,sgjke cak/ks tSlk fd mlus ehd+kr ij ,sgjke cka/kk Fkk :e ds ml rjQ
tc ed+kes jdrkv rd igaqps rks cqyUn vkokt+ esa yCcSd dgsA vgys
eDdk Hkh eDdk ls blh rjg gt dk ,sgjke cka/ks vkSj oks Hkh tks eDdk
ds jgus okyksa esa ls ugh gSa ysfdu eDdk esa eqdhe gSaA blh rjg ,sgjke
cka/ksA
feuk dh rjQ fudyus vkSj vjQk esa Bgjus dk c;kufeuk dh rjQ fudyus vkSj vjQk esa Bgjus dk c;kufeuk dh rjQ fudyus vkSj vjQk esa Bgjus dk c;kufeuk dh rjQ fudyus vkSj vjQk esa Bgjus dk c;kufeuk dh rjQ fudyus vkSj vjQk esa Bgjus dk c;ku
beke TkvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd ;kSes rjfo;k ;kfu
ft+yfgTtk dh vkBoha rkjh[+k yksxksa dks eDdk ls fudyuk pkfg, vkSj
t+ksgj dh uekt+ i<+us ds ckn fudyuk vQt+y gSaA gkft;ksa dks lqcg ls
jkr rd fudyus dk bf[r;kj gSaA ;kSes rjfo;k ls d+Cy fudyus esa dksbZ
gt+Z ugh gSa vxj dksbZ gt ds fy, iSny pydj tk ldrk gks rks blesa
Qt+y o lokc gSaA vkSj vxj fdlh dks lokjh feys vkSj oks lokj gksdj
tk, rks blesa Hkh QTk+y o lokc gSaaA pqukaps jlwys vdjel-v-o lokjh ij
r”kjhQ ys x, FksA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd beke dks pkfg, fd oks rjfo;k ds fnu t+ksgj
dh uekt+ feuk esa i<+s ;kSes rjfo;k ft+yfgTtk dh vkBoha rkjh[k dks
dgrs gSaA vjQk dh “kc yksx feuk esa clj djsa vkSj vjQk ds fnu lqcg
ds oD+r feuk ls vjQk dh rjQ fudy tk,aA jlwys vdjel-v-o ls
fjok;r gS fd vki vjQk ds fnu rqyq&,&vkQrkc ds ckn feuk ls
fudyrs Fks vkSj vkius t+ksgj dh uekt vjQk esa i<+h Fkh veh:y
469
eqvfeuhu ekSykuk vyhv-l vjQk ds fnu xq+Ly Qjekrs Fks vkils fjok;r
gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o vjQk ds fnu oknh , uejg esa mrjs vkSj ogka Bgjs
jgs ;gka rd fd lwjt dk t+oky gks x;k rks ml oD+r vkius viuh
ÅaVuh d+Lok dks ykus dk gqDe fn;k vki mlij lokj gks crus oknh esa
r”kjhQ yk, vkius ogka Bgjdj [kqrck fn;k fQj fcyky us vt+ku nh
fQj bd+ker ds ckn vkius t+ksgj dh uekt+ i<+kbZ fQj bd+ker dgdj
vkius vlj dh uekt+ i<+h vkius bu nksuks ds chp dksbZ vkSj uekt+ u
i<+hA blds ckn vki lokj gksdj ekSd+Q esa r”kjhQ yk,A veh:y
eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o tc ;kSes vjQk ekSd+Q ij
igaqprs rks ml oD+r lwjt dk t+oky gks pqdk Fkk vkius yCcSd dguk can
dj fn;kA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd vjQkr esa t+ksgj o
vlj dh uekt+ ,d vt+ku vkSj nks bd+ker ls nksuksa uekt+sa lkFk esa i<+uk
pkfg,A vkius Qjek;k fd reke vjQk ekSd+Q esa “kkfey gS ysfdu
vQt+y ekSd+Q vjQk igkM+ dk nkeu gSaA vjkd dM+oh ?kkl ds ikl
Bgjuk vkSj mrjuk euk gSaA vki Qjekrs gSa fd igkM+ gh vQt+y gSaA vki
ft+Ø djrs gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us uejkg esa uqtqy Qjek;k FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd yksx vjQk esa Bgjsa vkSj
ogka nqvk djas vkSj [+kqnk ls Qt+y o lokc ryc djrs jgsa X+kq:cs vkQrkc
rd vxj dksbZ chekjh dh otg ls csgks'k gks tk, vkSj mldks flQZZ ml
ekSd+Q esa ykdj fcBk fn;k tk, rks bruk gh mlds fy, dkQh gSa vki
Qjekrs gSa fd vjQk eas fcyk rgkjr Bgjuk nq:Lr ugh gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys vdjel-v-o dk bj”kkn
gS vgys vjQkr esa ls lcls cMk xqukgkxkj oks gS tks ogka ls ;s xqeku
djrs gq, iyVs fd mldh ex+fQjr ugh gqbZ gSaA vgys cSrs fdjkev-l ls
;kSesa vjkQk ls eqrkfYyd+ c&dljr nqvk, eudwy gS aaysfdu bues ls
dksbZ nqvk e[+klwl ugh gSA vjQk esa ,d vkneh ftruh Hkh nqvk dj lds]
djs vkSj [+kqnk ls nqfu;k o vkf[+kjr dk Qt+y o lokc ryc djsA
470
vjQk ls eqtnfyQk tkus dk c;kuvjQk ls eqtnfyQk tkus dk c;kuvjQk ls eqtnfyQk tkus dk c;kuvjQk ls eqtnfyQk tkus dk c;kuvjQk ls eqtnfyQk tkus dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd
lqEe% vQht+w feu gSlks vQkt+u uklks 2&2@199 beke tQj:Llkfnd+vl
ls fjok;r gS vki et+dwjk vk;r ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs gSa fd dqjS'k
t+ekuk tkghfy;r esa eqt+nfyQk ls equrf”kj gksrs Fks vkSj ;g dgrs tkrs
fd ge nwljs yksxks ls T+;knk cSrqYykg ds gd+nkj gSaA il vYykg rvkyk
us mudks gqDe fn;k fd oks vjQkr ls equrf”kj gks tgka ls fd nwljs yksx
equrf”kj gqvk djrs gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o vjQk ls ml
oD+r fudyrs tc vkQrkc Mwc tkrkA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls
vjQkr ls fudyus dh ckcr iwNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd tc lwjt
X+kq+:c gks tk, vkSj vxj dksbZ X+k+q:c ls igys fudysxk rks ml ij ,d
Å¡Vuh dh dqckZuh okftc gS vki Qjekrs gSa fd tc rqe vjQkr ls rks bl
gky esa fd rqEgkjs psgjs ij lqdwu vkSj od+kj gks vkSj bfLrx+Qkj djrs
tkvks D;kasfd vYykg rvkyk dk bj”kkn gS fd %
lqEe% vQht+w feu gSlks vQkt+u uklks oLrxf+Q:Yykg% 2&2@199
njfe;ku pky pyks lqdwu ds lkFk vkSj ml rst+ j¶rkj dks NksM+ nks tks
vdlj yksx pyrs gSaaA jlwys [+kqnklvo ,d erZck tc vjQk ls pys rks
vkius viuh ÅaVuh d+Lok dh yxke [khaph ;gka rd dh mldk flj
dtkos ls Vdjk;k FkkA vki yksxks dks vius nkfgus rjQ b”kkjk djrs gq,
Qjekrs gSa fd ,s yksxks lqdwu vkSj od+kj d+k;e j[kksA tc jkLrs esa dksbZ
igkM vkrk rks vki ÅaVuh dh yxke <hyh dj nsrs rkfd oks Åij p<+
tk, ;gka rd fd vki eqt+nfyQk igaqpsA il vkidh lqUur dh iSjoh
djuh pkfg,A
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gSa fd tc jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o vjkQkr
ls fudydj eqt+nfyQk r”kjhQ yk, rks ogka vki us ex+jhc o b”kk dh
uekt+ ,d vt+ku vkSj nks bd+ker ls i<+h FkhA beke ckfd+jv-l ls iwNk
471
x;k fd eqt+nfyQk dh jkr ex+jhc o b”kk dh uekt+ eqtnfyQk igqapus
ls d+Cy i<+h tk ldrh gSa \ vkius Qjek;k fd ugh [+okg frgkbZ jkr D;aw
u xqt+j tk,A vxj fdlh us d+lnu ,slk fd;k rks mlij ,d cdjh
okftc gksxhA vki Qjekrs gSa fd tc jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ex+fjc o b”kk dh
uekt+ ,d lkFk i<+us ds ckn Qkfjx+ gks pqds rks vkius jkr esa fQj dksbZ
uekt+ ugh i<+h vkSj vki lks x,A fQj rqyq , Qtz ds oD+r mBsA vki
Qjekrs gSa fd rqedks eqt+nfyQk esa crus oknh ds vanj e'kvj gjke ls
d+jhc Bgjuk pkfg, vkSj tcy o g;kt+ ls vkxs u fudy tkvks feuk
vkSj eqt+nfyQk ds njfe;ku eqgLlj gn gS vkSj vjQkr dh gn ekt+ehu
ls ekSdQ rd gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l Qjekrs gSa fd gt djus okyks esa ls vxj fdlh
us d+lnu dqckZuh dh jkr eqt+nfyQk esa clj ugh dh cxSj fdlh bYyr
ds rks ml ij ÅaVuh dh dqckZuh okftc gSaA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us vlckc vkSj [okrhu dks vkSj t+bZQks dks
eqt+nfyQk ls feuk dh rjQ jkr esa gh Hkst nsus dh :[klr nh gSaA jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o tc eqt+nfyQk esa dqckZuh ds fnu uekt+s Qtz ls Qkfjx+ gks pqds
rks vki viuh ÅaVuh d+Lok ij lokj gq, vkSj e”kvj gjke r”kjhQ yk,
vkSj mlij p<+ x, fQj fd+cyk :[k [kMs+ gksdj rdchj o rglhy o
dyek rkSfgn vkius i<+kA vki ml oD+r rd [kMs+ jgs tc rd fd [+kwc
jks”kuh u QSy xbZ fQj rqyq , vkQrkc ls d+Cy eqt+nfyQk ls feuk dh
rjQ jokuk gq,A jlwys vdjelvo Qjekrs gSa fd iwjk eSnku vjQk ekSd+Q
gS vkSj reke eqt+nfyQk ekSd+Q gS vkSj iwjk feuk eugj ¼dqckZuh dh
txg½ gSaaA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o dt+kg igkM+ ij [kM+s gq, FksA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd beke ¼;kfu veh:y gt½ ds fy,
eqLrfgc gS fd ogka tkdj [kM+k gks vki Qjekrs gSa fd ed+kes tev
eqt+nfyQk ls vxj dksbZ “k[l d+lnu yksxksa ds fudyus ls igys fudys
rks ml ij ,d cdjh okftc gSaA flok, mu det+ksj yksxksa vkSj ljks
lkeku mBkus okyksa vkSj [okrhu ds ftudks tkus dh :[klr nh x;h gSaA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ “k[l yk&bYeh dh fcuk ij
eqt+nfyQk es d+;ke u djs vkSj vjQk ls lh/kk feuk dh rjQ pyk tk,
rks oks okil vk, vkSj eqt+nfyQk esa d+;ke djs vkSj nqvk djsA jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o tc eqt+nfyQk ls fudys rks vki ml oD+r njfe;kuh j¶rkj ls
472
pyrs FksA vki yksxksa ls Qjekrs Fks fd od+kj vkSj brfeuku o lqdwu ij
ykft+e jgks ;gka rd fd tc vkil-v-o crus eglj igqaps rks vkil-v-o us
viuh ÅaVuh dks ,M+ yxkbZ rks oks nqydh j¶rkj ls nkSM+h gRrk fd vkilvo
ogka ls fudy x,A fQj igyh j¶rkj ds eqrkfcd+ pyus yxsA vki
Qjekrs gSa fd crus eglj esa nkSM+uk okftc gSaA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ogka ls
pydj tejkg vd+ck igqaps rks vkius mldks lkr dadfM+;ks ls ekjk vki
Qjekrs gSa fd ;kSeqy ugj gTts vdcj dk fnu gSaA
tejksa dks dadfM+;k¡ ekjus dk c;kutejksa dks dadfM+;k¡ ekjus dk c;kutejksa dks dadfM+;k¡ ekjus dk c;kutejksa dks dadfM+;k¡ ekjus dk c;kutejksa dks dadfM+;k¡ ekjus dk c;ku
beke ckfd+jv-l ls ejoh gS fd eqt+nfyQk ls dadfM+;k¡ pquuk
eqLrfgc gSaA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd rqe eqt+nfYkQk ls
dadfM+;k¡ pqu yks vkSj vxj rqeus feuk ls pqu fy;k gS rks ;s Hkh rqEgkjs
fy, dkQh gSaA vki Qjekrs gSa fd gj ,d dadM+h dks mpduk pkfg, vkSj
gj dadM+h maxyh ds iksj ds cjkcj gksuh pkfg, vkSj ;g eqLrfgc gS fd
oks dadfM+;k¡ uhyh vkSj lqjebZ jax dh gks vkSj muesa uqdrs Hkh gks iRFkjksa
esa ls dadfM+;k rksM+uk ed:g gS tSlk fd vdlj ykssx djrs gSa vkSj vki
Qjekrs gSa fd mu dadfM+;ksa dks /kks ysuk pkfg, vxj dadfM+;k¡ lkQ
lqFkjh gkas vkSj rqe mudks u /kksvks rks rqEgkjs fy, dksbZ et+jZr ugh gSa vki
Qjekrs gSa fd tejksa dks dadfM+;k ekjus ds fy, /kks ysuk eqLrfgc gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd gj tejg ds lkr
dadfM+;k ls ekjuk pkfg, vkSj oknh ds cqyUn fgLls ls ekjuk pkfg, vkSj
tejg rqEgkjs nkfgus gkFk ij gksuk pkfg, vkSj tejg dks Åij ls u
ekjuk pkfg,A tc rqe ,d dadM+h Qsadks rks vYykgks vdcj dgks vkSj
,d tejs dks nwljs tejs ij eqd+Ìe u djks vkSj dadfM+;k ekjus ds ckn
ftruk Hkh rqels gks lds nqvk djks blds ckn feuk eas vius Msjs ij vk
tkvks vkSj ftl dadM+ ls ,dckj tejkg dks ekjk tk pqdk gSa mlls
nksckjk u ekjksA vxj rqEgkjs ikl dqN dadM u gksa rks tejg ds utnhd
ls mBk ysus es dksbZ gtZ ugh gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o tc
eqt+nfyQk ls pys rks bZn dqckZuh ds fnu vkidk xqt+j tejk vd+ck ds
ikl ls gqvk vkius mldks lkr dadfM+;k¡ ekjh blds ckn vki feuk
r”kjhQ yk, ;s lqUur gSaA blds ckn rqedks pkfg, fd v;~;kes r”kjhd+
473
esa rhuksa tejksa dks gj jkst+ t+okys vkQrkc ds oD+r ekjks ;gh vQt+y gSaA
blds vykok lqcg ls “kke rd ekjus dk Hkh rqedks bf[+r;kj gSaA coqT+kw
gksdj tejkg dks ekjuk pkfg,A vxj fdlh us cx+Sj oqT+kw ds ekjk rks
mlij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSaA
jlwys vdjel-v-o rhuks tejks dks iSny pydj dadfM+;k¡ ekjrs
FksA vxj dksbZ lokj gksdj tejkg dks ekjus tk, rks dksbZ gtZ ugh gSaA
jlwys vdjel-v-o us igjsnkjksa ds fy, jkr eass dadfM;k¡ ekjus dh :[+klr
nh gS vxj dksbZ fnu esa dadfM+;k¡ ekjuk pwd tk, rks oks jkr esa dadfM+;k¡
ekj ldrk gSa vxj fdlh us dadfM+;k¡ ugh ekjh rks og okil iyVdj
dadfM+;k¡ ekjsA
beke TkvQj:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd bZn dqckZuh ds fnu
tejk dqcjk ¼cM+k½ dks eqt+nfyQk ls vkrs oD+r ekjuk pkfg,A tejkg
dqcjk ls eqjkn tejk vd+ck gSaA blds ckn bZn dqckZuh ds fnuksa eas rhuks
tejks dks ekjuk pkfg,A gj jkst+ igys tejk&,&lqxjk ¼NksVk½ dks fQj
tejkg&,&oqLrk ¼chp dk½ dks fQj tejk&,&dqcjk dks ekjuk pkfg,A
vxj fdlh us bu tejks dks ekjrs oD+r vkxs ihNs dj fn;k rks fQj ls
ekjsA jlwys [+kqnklvo Qjekrs gSa fd ejht+ dh tkfuc ls Hkh dadfM+;k¡ ekjuk
pkfg, vxj dksbZ “k[l nks gh jkst+ esa feuk ls pyk tkuk pkgrk gks rks
ckd+h dadfM+;ksa dks feuk esa fdlh iRFkj ds uhps nQu dj nsA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o bZn
dqjck¡ ds fnu tc tejkg vd+ck dks ekj pqds rks vki feuk ds et+cg
[kkus ¼tgka tkuojks dh dqckZuh dh tkrh gS½ esa r”kjhQ ys x, vkius
Qjek;k fd ;s eugj gSa vkSj blds vykok reke feuk eugj gSa vkius
ogka vius dqckZuh ds tkuoj dh dqckZuh dh vkSj nwljs yksxksa us vius&vius
MSjksa es feuk ds vUnj dqckZuh dh FkhA
dqckZuh djus dk c;kudqckZuh djus dk c;kudqckZuh djus dk c;kudqckZuh djus dk c;kudqckZuh djus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj beke ckfd+jvl
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjkev-l ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us feuk esa
dqckZuh dh Fkh vkSj vkius Qjek;k Fkk fd reke feuk eugj gS vkSj vkius
474
yksxksa dks gqDe fn;k Fkk fd oks vius tkuojksa dsk ft+cg djsa pqukaps yksxksa
us vius vius Msjksa esa feuk ds vUnj dqckZfu;k dh Fkh vksj jlwys [+kqnklvo
us viuh dqckZuh esa gt+jr vyhv-l dks “kjhd fd;k Fkk dqckZuh ds fy, lkS
Å¡Vfu;kWa FkhA vkil-v-o us mu es ls 63 tkuojks dks [kqn ftcg fd;k FkkA
ckdh tkuojks dks ftc+g djus ds fy, gtjr vyhv-l dks gqDe fn;k FkkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd ;g eqLrfgc gS fd gj
“k[l vius dqckZuh ds tkuoj dks vxj dj ldrk gks rks [+kqn vius gkFk
ls ft+cg djs vxj oks ,slk ugh dj ldrk rks viuk gkFk ft+cg djus
okys ds gkFk ij j[ks vkSj ;s Hkh ugh dj ldrk rks dqckZuh ds oD+r tkuoj
ds ikl [kM+k jgs vkSj tc tkuoj dh dqckZuh gks rks ml oD+r vYykgks
vdcj dgsA
vki vk;rs djhek %
oy cqnu% tvyukgk ydqe feu 'kvkbfjYykfg ydqe Qhgk [+kS:u Qt+
dq:l eYykfg vySgk lok¶Q% Qbt+k o t%cr tquwfcgk Qdqyw feUgk
17&22@36A
rtqZek % vkSj dqckZuh ds ÅaV Hkh geus rqEgkjs okLrs [+kqnk dh fu”kkfu;ksa es
ls d+jkj fn;k gSa bles rqEgkjh cgqr lh HkykbZ;k¡ gSa fQj mudks Vkaxs
cka/k dj ft+Cg djks vkSj mu ij [+kqnk dk uke yks fQj tc oks vius
ckt+wvksa ij <+y tk,a rks muesa ls [+kqn Hkh [kkvksA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenvl
Qjekrs gSa fd lok¶Q ls eqjkn gS fd dqckZuh ds ÅaVks dks lQ c LkQ
[kM+k fd;k tk, vkSj mudks c gkyrs d+;ke tcfd oks ca/ks gq, gks viuh
rhu Vkaxks ij [kMs+ gks rc ft+cg djuk pkfg, vkSj
Qbt+k otcr tquwcqgk ls eqjkn gS fd tc dV dj t+ehu ij fxj iM+sA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd blh rjg jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us vius dqckZuh ds ÅaV dks
gkyrs d+;ke essa ft+cg Qjek;k FkkA ysfdu xk; vkSj cdjh gks rks mldks
fyVk dj ft+cg djuk pkfg,A Qt+&dq:l&eYykfg ls eqjkn gS fd tc
475
ftCg djks rks fcfLeYykfg vYykgks vdcj i<+uk pkfg, vkSj dqckZuh djrs
oD+r ;g nqvk i<+uk eqLrfgc gSa %
oTtgrks otgh fyYyt+h QrjLlekokfr oy vjn% guhQu eqfLyeu
oek vuk feuy eq'kfjdhu% bUu% lykrh o uqlqdh o eg;k;% o eekrh
fyYykfg jfCcy vkyehu yk 'kjhd% ygq o fct+kfyd% mfejrks o vuk
feuy eqfLyehu vYykgqe% feud% o yd% fcfLeYykgA vki Qjekrs gSa
fd gj eqfLye dh dqckZuh ds tkuoj dks eqfLye gh ft+Cg djsA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ “k[l rugk dqckZuh u dj lds rks
oks ÅaV ;k xk; dh dqckZuh esa gLcs blfrrkvr ¼gLcs gSfl;r½ f”kjdr
djsA vki Qjekrs gSa fd dqckZuh ds fy, ÅaVuh dh dqckZuh vQt+y gSaa
blds ckn Å¡V dk njtk gS vkSj fQj xk; vQt+y gSa mlds ckn cSy
vkSj fQj nqUck mlds ckn cdjs fQj eknk nqUcs fQj cdfj;k¡ x+t+Z bu
lcesa tks uj gks oks lcls T+;knk vQt+y gSaA mlds ckn [+klh ¼oknksM+½
dk nt+kZ gSaA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd dqckZuh ds fy, ,sls ÅaV ftuds vkxs ds nkar
VwV pqds gksa dke vk ldrs gSa vkSj cM+h mez dh xk; Hkh dke vk ldrh
gSa vkSj ,sls cdjs vkSj cdfj;k¡ ftuds vkxs ds nkar VwV pqds gSa vkSj nwUcs
;k HksM+ dk NksVk cPpk Hkh tkbt+ gS nqUcs ds vykok fdlh vkSj tkuoj
dk cPPkk tkbt+ ugh gSa D;kasfd nqUcs dk cPpk gkfeyk djrk gS blds
vykok fdlh vkSj tkuoj dk cPpk gkfeyk ugh djrkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- lhaxkas okys ,sls esa<+sa dh dqckZuh dks
eqLrfgc le>rs Fks tks fd rkfjdh ¼va/ksjs½ esa pyrk gks vkSj rkfjdh esa
[kkrk gks vkSj rkfjdh esa ns[krk gks vkSj rkfjdh esa feaxuh djrk gksA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd ,slk gh ,d esa<+k gt+jr bczkghev-l- ij
efLtns feuk ls tcys ,eu ij mrjk Fkk jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o Hkh blh fdLe
dk esa<+k dqckZuh djrs FksA
476
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us vanj vkSj
ckgj nksuks rjQ ls VwVh gqbZ lhax okys tkuoj dh dqckZuh ls euk
Qjek;k gS vkSj vxj flQZ ckgj dh lhax VwVh gwbZ gS rks mldks vdle
dgrs gSa vki Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us Qjek;k gS fd dqckZuh ds
tkuoj dh vka[k vkSj dku dks cjkcj rgd+hd+ dj yksA vkils yaxM+s
tkuoj dh ckcr iwNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd vxj oks euld ;kuh
eugj rd igaqp tk, rks dksbZ gtZ ugh gS c”krsZ fd mldk yaxMkiu
uqek;ka u gksA vxj uqek;ka gks rks mldh dqckZuh tk;t+ ugh gSa vkSj nqcys
irys tkuoj dh dqckZuh Hkh tkbt+ ugh gSaA
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd Fku dVs gq, vkSj
[kkfj”k okys tkuoj dh dqckZuh tkbt+ ugh gSa vkSj veh:y eqvfeuhuvl-
us dku dVs gq, vkSj det+ksj cw<s tkuoj dh dqckZuh ls Hkh euk Qjek;k
gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ds ut+nhd ftl tkuoj ds vkxs ds
dku dVs gq, gksa ;k ihNs ls dVs gq, gksa ;k ftlds dku QVs gq, gksa ;k
ftlds dku esa xksy lqjk[k gks ,sls tkuojksa dh dqckZuh ed:g gSaaA vki
Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh us lgh o lyker tkuoj [+kjhnk vkSj mldks
d+ykng ;k “kvkj iguk fn;k mlds ckn mlesa dksbZ ,sc iSnk gks x;k rks
oks dkQh gSa vxj mlus d+ykng ;k 'kvkj ugh yxk;k gS rks cny MkysA
vxj fdlh us tkuoj [+kjhnk ysfdu mldks dksbZ ,sc ut+j u vk;k] tc
ud+n d+her vnk djds tkuoj dks vius d+Ct+s esss ys pqdk gks rks ml
oD+r mlus dskbZ ,sc ns[kk rks mldh dqckZuh tkbt+ gS ysfdu ud+n
d+her vnk ugh dh gS rks oks nwljk tkuoj cny dj ys ldrk gSaaA
vkils iwNk x;k fd eugj rd igqapus ls igys vxj dqckZuh dk tkuoj
gykd gks tk, ;k VqV&QqV tk, rks D;k fd;k tk, \ vkius Qjek;k fd
mldks ft+Cg dj fn;k tk, vkSj mlds xys esa tks d+ykng gS mldks [kwu
ls rj dj fn;k tk, vkSj mldks ogh NksM+ fn;k tk, rkfd tks Hkh ogka
ls xqt+js mldks ekywe gks tk, fd ;s ft+Cg fd;k x;k gSA vxj oks mles
ls [kkuk pkgs rks [kk ldrk gSa ysfdu vxj ut+j ;k tt+kv dk tkuoj
gks rks mldh txg ij nwljk tkuoj [+kjhnuk pkfg, vkSj u¶y gS rks
;gh dkQh gSaA rrOoksv ds tkuoj dk xks”r [kk;k tk ldrk gS ysfdu
Qt+Z tkuoj dh dqckZuh dk xkS'r ugh [kkuk pkfg,A gykd “kqnk dqckZuh
477
ds tkuoj dks [+okg oks okftc fd;k x;k gks ;k okftc u fd;k x;k gks
Qjks[+r ugh fd;k tk ldrk vxj fdlh dk tkuoj gykd gks x;k vkSj
mldks nwljk tkuoj u fey lds rks [+kqnk ds ut+nhd oks T+;knk ekvT+kwj
gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gSa fd ftlus vius dqckZuh ds
tkuoj dks xqe dj fn;k gks vkSj mldh txg ij nwljk tkuoj [+kjhnus
ds ckn igyk tkuoj fey x;k gks rks bl lwjr esa vxj mlus nwljs
tkuoj dks d+ykng iguk fn;k gS rks nksuks dks ,d lkFk ft+Cg dj ns
vkSj vxj mlus “kvkj vkSj dykng ugh iguk;k gSa rks mldks bf[+r;kj
gS vxj mldks viuk tkuoj nwljs “k[+l ds ikl feyk gS ftlus mldks
[kjhn fy;k gSa rks vxj mlls [+kjhn ysuk pkgs rks ys ys vkSj vxj mldks
[+kjhnkj us ft+Cg dj fn;k gS rks blds ft+Cg djus ls ;g dqckZuh dk
tkuoj mlds fy, dkQh u gksxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh dks xqe”kqnk
dqckZuh dk tkuoj fey tk, rks igys mldk ,syku dj ns vkSj vxj
mldk dksbZ ryk”k djus okyk ekStwn u gks rks v;~;kesa r”kjhd+ ds
vkf[kjh fnu mldks mlds ekfyd dh rjQ ls dqckZuh dj nsA vki
Qjekrs gSa fd ft+Cg djus ds ckn vxj dqckZuh dk tkuoj pksjh gks tk,
rks mldh rjQ ls ;g dqckZuh dkQh gSaA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us gqDe fn;k gS fd
tks “k[+l dqckZuh dk tkuoj vius gejkg ys tk, rks mldks pkfg, fd
oks vius tkuoj ij fu”kku yxk ns vkSj vjQk ox+Sjkg ds eukfld esa
mldks vius lkFk&lkFk j[ksA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o tc vius
tkuoj dh dqckZuh dj pqds rks vkil-v-o us dqckZuh ds ,d&,d Å¡V dk
,d ,d VqdMk ysdj idkus dk gqDe fn;k pqukaps oks idk;k x;k vkius
ml eas ls [kk;k vkSj eq>s Hkh gqDe fn;k rks eSaus Hkh [kk;k vki mldk
“kksjck ?kqaV&?kqaV djds ih x, eq>s Hkh vkius gqDe fn;k rks mlesa ls eaSus
Hkh fi;k vki us eq>dks vius dqckZuh ds tkuoj esa “kjhd Qjek;k FkkA
vkius Qjek;k fd ftlus “kksjck ih fy;k rks xks;k mlus xks”r Hkh [kk
fy;k gSaA
478
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj rrOoksv ;k dqckZuh
dk tkuoj fdlh us ft+Cg fd;k gks rks mlesa ls [kk, vkSj fQj lndk
dj ns blesa dksbZ r[klhl ¼fuf”pr½ ugh gSa ftruk pkgs [kk, vkSj
f[kyk, vkSj fdlh dks gfn;k ds rkSj ij ns ns ;k [kSjkr dj nsA
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd
Qdqyw feugk o vrbeqy ckbly Qd+hj 17&22@28 vkSj ;g Hkh b'kkZn
gS fd
Qdqyw feugk o vrbeqy d+kfuv% oy eqvrjZ% 17&22@36 rtqZek % fQj
tc oks vius ckT+kwvks ij fxj iM+s rks muesa ls rqe [kqn Hkh [kkvks vkSj
d+ukvr djusokys Qd+hjksa vkSj ekSgrktkas dks f[kykvksA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd ftl fdlh us Hkh dqckZuh dh gks mldks feuk
ls dqckZuh ds tkuoj dh dksbZ pht+ u ys tkuh pkfg, gkykafd ÅaV ds
dksgku ¼dqcM+½ esa ls nok ds fy, ys tk;k tk, vkSj Åu] [kky] cky
oxS+jkg ftlls Qk;nk mBk;k tk ldrk gSa ;as eqLrfgc gS fd peMs dks
lnd+k dj fn;k tk, vkSj vxj d+Llkc dks [kky vkSj xkS”r vkSj
d+ykng mtjr esa ns fn;k tk, rks dksbZ gtZ ugh gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd fdlh us dqckZuh dk tkuoj
[+kjhnk vkSj mlus le>k ds rjksrkt+k gSa exj oks ykX+k+qj ¼det+ksj½ fudyk
rks mldh tkfuc ls ml tkuoj dh dqckZuh dkQh gS blh rjg fdlh us
ykX+k+qj le>dj [kjhnk ysfdu oks rjksrkt+k fudyk rks tkbt+ gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dqckZuh ds tkuoj
dks okftc u fd;k x;k gks rks Qjks[r djus vkSj cnyus dk bf[+r;kj
gSaA
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gSa fd
fy ;'kgnw eukfQv% ygqe o ;t+dq:l&eYykfg Qh v¸;kfee evywekfru
vyk ek jt+dgqe fee cghefry vUvke 17&22@28 rtqZek % rkfd vius
479
nqfu;k o vkf[+kjr ds Qk;nksa ij QkbZt+ gks vkSj [+kqnk us tks tkuoj
pkSik, mUgs vrk Qjek;s gSa mu ij ft+Cg ds oD+r pUn eksv¸;u fnuksa es
[+kqnk dk uke ysA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSaa fd v¸;kes
ekywekr vkSj eknwnkr ls eqjkn v¸;kes r”kjhd+ gSa dqjckuh ds fnu ds ckn
ds rhu fnu dks v¸;kes r”kjhd+ dgk tkrk gSA v¸;kes r”kjhd+ blfy,
dgk tkrk gS fd yksx dqjckuh dk xkS”r lwjt dh jks”kuh eas j[k nsrs gSa
rkfd oks lw[k tk;sA il ;kSeqy ugj ls ;kSes bZn&my&vt+gk eqjkn gS
mlds ckn v¸;kes r”kjhd+ dk igyk fnu gS bldks ;kSeqy dj Hkh dgrs
gSa ;kSeqy dj blfy, dgk tkrk gS fd bl jkst+ yksx feuk es bd+ker
djrs gSa vkSj voke bldks ;kSeqy jml Hkh dgrs gSa D;ksfd oks bl fnu
fljkas dks [kkrs gaS vkSj fQj blds ckn dk fnu dwp dk igyk fnu gS vkSj
fQj mlds ckn dk fnu dwp dk nwljk fnu gS ;g v¸;kes r”kjhd+ dk
vkf[+kjh fnu gSA
cky eqaMokus vkSj dVokus dk c;kucky eqaMokus vkSj dVokus dk c;kucky eqaMokus vkSj dVokus dk c;kucky eqaMokus vkSj dVokus dk c;kucky eqaMokus vkSj dVokus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius eqt+nfyQk ls
fudyus dk c;ku djrs gq, Qjek;k fd tc rqe feuk igq¡pksa rks vius
tkuoj dh dqckZuh djks vkSj flj dks eqaMokvks bu nksuks es ls tks pkgks
oks igys dj yks dksbZ et+jZr dh ckr ugh gSA vkius Qjek;k fd flj dks
eqaMokuk drjokus ls csgrj gSA D;ksafd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us gTtrqy fonk
vkSj mejk gqnSfc;k ds ekSd+s ij lj dks eqaMok;k FkkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ftl dk flj xtka gks oks
flQZ vius lj ij mLrjk fQjok,aA vki Qjekrs gSa fd vkSjr tc viuk
,sgjke [kksys rks vius flj ds xSlqvksa ds fljks dks dkV ns vkSj vkius
Qjek;k fd flj eqaMokus okyk duifV~V;ksa ds uhps mHkM+h gqbZ gM~fM;ksa
rd eqaMok,A
beke TkvQj:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ “k[l feuk
esa flj eqaMokuk Hkwy tk, vkSj jkLrs esa ;kn vk, rks ml oD+r eqaMok, vkSj
fdlh ds t+jh, vius ckykas dks feuk rd igqapk ldrk gks rks ogka igqapk
nsA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us ckyksa dks nQu djus dk gqDe fn;k gSaA vki
480
Qjekrs gSa fd bCus vkne ds ftLe ls tks pht+ Hkh fudy tk, oks eqnkZj
gSa ,sgjke okyk tc flj dks eqaMok, rks vius uk[+kwu drjok, mLrjs ls
ckyksa ds eqaMokus dks vjch esa gyd+ dgk tkrk gSa vkSj dSaph ls NaVokus
dks rd+lhj dgk tkrk gSa [+okg FkksM+k NksM+ fn;k tk, ;k T+;knk ysfdu
flj dks eqaMokuk NaVokus ls vQt+y gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us ,d
erZck Qjek;k fd ijojfnxkj rw flj eqaMokus okyksa ij jge Qjek] vt+Z
fd;k x;k fd ,s jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o vkSj eqd+fLljhu! vkius Qjek;k fd
ijojfnxkj rw flj eqaMokus okyksa ij jge QjekA vkils vt+Z fd;k x;k
fd vkSj eqd+fLljhu! vlgkc us rhu erZck vt+Z fd;k pkSFkh erZck tc
yksxks us dgk rks vkius Qjek;k fd rw eqgfYydhu vkSj eqd+fLljhu nksuks
ij jge Qjek il blls ekywe gqvk fd vQt+y flj dks eqaMokuk gSa
vkSj NVokuk tkbt+ gSaA vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
yd+n lnd+Yykgks jlwygqj :v;k fcy gfD+d+ yrn [kqyqUuy efLtny
gjke% bU”kk vYykgks vkfeuhu% eqgfYyd+hu% :mldqe o eqd+fLljhu
il bl vk;rs djhek esa vYykg rvkyk us igys flj eqaMokus dk ft+Ø
fd;k gSa vkSj ;gh vQt+y gSaA
feuk esa bd+ker ds njfe;ku gkft;ksa ij D;k D;kfeuk esa bd+ker ds njfe;ku gkft;ksa ij D;k D;kfeuk esa bd+ker ds njfe;ku gkft;ksa ij D;k D;kfeuk esa bd+ker ds njfe;ku gkft;ksa ij D;k D;kfeuk esa bd+ker ds njfe;ku gkft;ksa ij D;k D;k
vey djuk okftc gS bldk c;kuvey djuk okftc gS bldk c;kuvey djuk okftc gS bldk c;kuvey djuk okftc gS bldk c;kuvey djuk okftc gS bldk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd tc
rqe dqckZuh ds fnu eqt+nfyQk ls feuk dh rjQ tkvks rks igys tejkg
md+ck dks dadfM+;k ekjks vkSj tc feuk igq¡pksa rks dqckZuh djks blds ckn
flj ds cky eqaMokvksA
gtjr vyhv-l- vk;rs djhek %
481
lqEey;d+t+w rQlgqe oy ;wQw uqt+wjgqe oy;RrOoQw fcy cSfry vrhd+
17&22@29 rtqZek % fQj yksxksa dks pkfg, fd viuh&viuh ¼cnu dh½
dlkQr nwj djsa vkSj viuh ut+js iwjh djsa vkSj dkck dk rokQ ns] ds
eqrkfYyd+ Qjekrs gSa fd vLlQlks ls dadM+ ekjuk] flj ds cky eqaMokuk
eqjkn gSa vkSj ut+js iwjh djus ls ;s eqjkn gS fd vxj fdlh us iSny pyus
dh ut+j ekuh gS rks mldks iwjh djs vkSj rokQ ls ;s eqjkn gS fd dqckZuh
djus ds ckn ft+;kjr dk rokQ fd;k tk, vkSj bZns dqjcka ds fnu flj
dks eqaMok;k tk, vkSj ;s rokQ ftls rokQs bQkt+kg vkSj rokQs gt
dgk tkrk gS okftc fd;kA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys vdjel-v-o dqckZuh ds
fnu cSrqYykg&vy&gjke dh rjQ r'kjhQ ys x, Fks vkSj vkius t+ksgj
dh uekt eDdk eqvT+t+ek esa i<+h FkhA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs
gSaa cSrqYykg dh ft;+kjr esa tYnh djuk pkfg,A dqckZuh ds fnu ft;+kjr
esa rk[+khj u djuk pkfg, vxj nwljs fnu Hkh dksbZ tk, rks blesa dksbZ
gtZ ugh gSaA vki Qjekrs gSa fd rqe dqckZuh ds fnu cSrqYykg dh fTk;kjr
dks tkvks rks igys rokQs ft;+kjr ;kfu rokQs bQkt+kg djks igys rqe
cSrqYYkkg dk lkr erZck rokQ djks vkSj ed+kes bczkghe ds vd+c esa nks
jdkvr uekt+ i<+ks vkSj lQk o ejokg ds njfe;ku lkr erZck lbZ djks
tc blls Qkfjx+ gks pqdks rks rqEgkjs fy, [+kq”kcq yxkuk] diM+k iguuk
gyky gSaA mlds ckn rqe cSrqYykg esa vkvks vkSj rokQqu fulk djks vkSj
bl rokQ ds ckn lQk o ejokg ds njfe;ku lbZ ugh djuk pkfg,A
blds ckn rqEgkjs fy, oks lcdqN gyky gSa tks eqgfj~je gksus dh gkyr
esa choh ls eqd+kfjcr oxSjkg gjke fd;k x;k gSaA ysfdu f”kdkj djuk
gyky ugh gSaA oks rks feuk ls dwp djus ds ckn gh gyky gksrk gSaA
vkius Qjek;k dh gkth feuk dh jkrksa dks feuk esa gh xqt+kjsA
beke TkvQj:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekr s g S a fd tc r qe
cSrqYykg&vy&gjke dh ft+;kjr dks tkvks rks feuk okil ykSV vkvks
vkSj v¸;kes r”kjhd dh reke jkrsa feuk esa gh clj djksA vxj fdlh us
d+lnu feuk dh jkrks dks fdlh vkSj eqd+ke ij xqt+kj fn;k rks gj jkr
dh ,ot esa ,d cdjh dh dqckZuh djsA vxj Hkwy dj vkSj yk bYeh dh
482
otg ls ,slk fd;k gS rks vYykg rvkyk ls ex+fQjr ryc djsA
gtjr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vki Qjekrs gSa vkagtjrl-v-o feuk
es d+lj uekt+ i<+rs FksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius
vk;rs djhek %
Qbt+k d+t+srqe eukfld% dqe Qt+dq:Yykg% dft+dfjdqe vkckvdqe
vks v'kn~n% ft+djk 2&2@200 rtZqek % fQj tc rqe vjdkus gt ctk
yk pqdks rks rqe bl rjg vYykg dk ft+Ø djks ftl rjg rqe vius cki
nknkvks dk ft+Ø djrs gks cfYd blls Hkh c<+ dj] ds eqrkfYyd+ Qjek;k
fd eq'kfjdhu dqckZuh ds fnuksa esa vius cki nknkvksa ij Q[kZ+ fd;k djrs
Fks vkSj vius blykQ dk ft+Ø djrs Fks gkykafd mudks fdlh fd+Le dk
dksbZ 'kjQ gkfly u FkkA il eqlyekuksa dks bldh txg ij vYykg dk
ft+Ø djus dk gqDe fn;k x;k gSaA
vgyscSrs fdjkev l ls v¸;kes r”kjhd+ eas ftØs bykgh ds eqrkfYyd+
cdljr nqvk,a eudwy gS ysfdu bues ls dksbZ nqvk e[klwl ugha gSA
ftruh T+;knk nqvk dh tk;s oks vQt+y gS vxj dksbZ pkgs rks gj jkst+
cSrqYykg dh ft+;kjr dj ldrk gS vkSj pkgs rks rrOoksv dk rokQ
djrk jgs ysfdu rokQ ls Qkfjx+ gksdj fnu gh fnu esa feuk pyk vk,
vkSj ogka vkdj jkr clj djs ;gka rd fd v¸;kes r”kjhd+ ds ckn feuk
ls dwp dj tk,A
feuk ls dwp djus dk c;kufeuk ls dwp djus dk c;kufeuk ls dwp djus dk c;kufeuk ls dwp djus dk c;kufeuk ls dwp djus dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
ot+dq:Yykg% Qh v¸;kfee evnwnkfru Qeu rvTty% Qh ;kSesfu
Qyk bLe% vySfg o eu rv[+[+kj% Qyk bLe% vySfg fy efuRrd+k
&&2&2@203 beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl- Qjekrs gSa fd ;kSeqy ugj ds
483
ckn vxj rqe pkgks rks feuk eas rhu fnu rd d+;ke djks vkSj vxj nks
gh jkst+ esa ogka ls dwp djuk pkgrs gks rks bldk bf[+r;kj gS tSlk fd
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
ot+dq:Yykg% Qh v¸;kfee evnwnkfru Qeu rvTty% Qh ;kSesfu
Qyk bLe% vySfg o eu rv[+[+kj% Qyk bLe% vySfg &&2&2@203 ;kfu
vxj dksbZ feuk ls tYn fudy tkuk pkgs ;k rk[+khj ls fudyuk pkgs
rks nksuks lwjrksa es ml ij dksbZ xqukg ykft+e ugh vkrk gSaA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh us v¸;kes r”kjhd+ ds nwljs gh
fnu tkus dh tYnh dh tks dqckZuh ds fnu ls fxuk tk, rks rhljk fnu
gksrk gSa rks t+ksgj dh uekt+ i<+dj fudys vkSj dadfM+;k ekjdj X+k+q:cs
vkQrkc ds njfe;ku dwp djsA vxj lwjt X+k+q:c gks tk, rks fQj feuk
esa gh jkr xqt+kjsA vkSj fdlh us rhljs fnu tkus dk bjknk fd;k gks rks
oks Qtz dh uekt+ i<+us ds ckn fnu ds vk[+kjh fgLls rd tk ldrk gSaaA
ysfdu tc rd dadfM+;k u ekjs feuk ls dwp u djsA vkius Qjek;k gS
fd dksbZ “k[+l dwp ls d+Cy vius vlckc dks eDdk dh tkfuc jokuk
u djsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd tks “k[l feuk ls eDdk
dh rjQ dwp djs rks oks eqgLlc esa ftls crgk dgrs gSa FkksM+h nsj rd
d+;ke djs fQj eDdk dh rjQ dwp djsA jlwys vdjel-v-o us ,slk gh
fd;k FkkA beke ckfd+jv-l- Hkh bl ij vey djrs FksA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd ftlus feuk ls dwp djus esa tYnh dh gSa
vxj oks ykssxksa ds vkus rd eDdk es d+;ke djs rks blesa dksbZ gtZ ugh
gSaA vkils cSrqYykg esa nkf[+ky gksus ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k rks vkius
Qjek;k gS fd vxj dksbZ nkf[+ky gks ldrk gks rks nkf[+ky gks ysfdu
vt+/kke ¼HkhM+&HkkM+½ dk [+kkSQ gks rks vius u¶l dks gykdr es u MkysA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ “k[+l dkck esa nkf[+ky gksus dk bjknk
j[krk gks rks X+kqLy djuk eqLrfgc gSaA
vgyscSrs fdjkev-l- ls [kkuk&,&dvck esa nkf[+ky gksus ds oD+r
484
i<+us ds fy, c&dljr nqvk,a ejoh gSa ysfdu buesa ls dksbZ nqvk e[+lwl
ugh gSa il tks “k[+l dkck esa nkf[+ky gks rks [+kwc nqvk djsA
beke tS+uqy vkfcnhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us cSrqYykg
ds vanj nksuksa lwrwu ds njfe;ku lq[+kZ iRFkj ij uekt++ i<+h Fkh vkSj iq'rs
dvck dh rjQ vkidk eqag Fkk vkius nks jdvkr uekt+ i<+h FkhA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd dvck ds vanj Qt+Z uekt+ i<+uk
nq:Lr ugh gSaA feuk ls dwp djus ds ckn gh dvck esa nkf[ky gksuk
pkfg, vkSj tks “k[l gt vnk djus ds ckn eDdk ls tkuk pkgrk gks
oks lcls vkf[kj esa cSrqYykg dk vy fonkbZ rokQ djsA oks cSrqYykg dks
fonkv djrs oD+r viuk gkFk gtjs vlon vkSj ckcs dvck ds njfe;ku
j[ks vkSj nqvk djs vkSj vy fonk dg ds okil fudy vk,A fonkv ds
eqrkfYyd+ vgys cSrv-l- ls c&dljr nqvk,a eudwy gS ysfdu mues ls
dksbZ nqvk e[+lwl ugh gSaA
mejk eqQjn% dk c;kumejk eqQjn% dk c;kumejk eqQjn% dk c;kumejk eqQjn% dk c;kumejk eqQjn% dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
o vfrEeqy gTt% oy mejr% fyYykfg 2&2@196 rtqZek % vkSj flQZ
[+kqnk gh ds okLrs gt vkSj mejk dks iwjk djksA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls
eudwy gSa vki Qjekrs gSa mejkg djuk Qt+Z gSa vkSj gt ds cjkcj gSaA
D;kasfd vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gSa fd %
o vfreqy gTt% oy mejr% fyYykfg 2&2@196A veh:y eqvfeuhuvl
Qjekrs gSa fd mejkg djuk okftc gSaA geus fdrkcqy gt ds “kq: esa tks
dqN bl ckjs esa ft+Ø fd;k gSa oks bldh rkbZn esa gS geus dSfQ;r mejkg
vkSj blds lkFk gt djus dh lwjr dks c;ku dj fn;k gSaA gt ds lkFk
mejkg djuk vkSj gt ls igys mejkg eqQjn% vkSj gt ds ckn mejkg
eqQjn% djus dk c;ku Åij xqt+j pqdk gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ,d mejkg ds ckn
485
nwljk mejkg djus rd tks dqN Hkh nksuks ds njfe;ku bl eqn~nr esa
xqukg gksrk gSa bldks ;s nksuks feVk nsrs gSaA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o Qjekrs gSa fd
ekgs jetku esa mejkg djuk gt ds cjkcj gSaA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl-
Qjekrs gSa fd ftl eghus eas rqe pkgks mejkg dj ldrs gks ysfdu
vQt+y mejkg ekgs jtc dk mejkg gSaA vki Qjekrs gSa fd gt ds
efgukas esa vxj fdlh us mejkg fd;k vkSj oks gt fd;s cx+Sj pyk x;k
rks ;g mejkg eqQjn% gSa vkSj vxj mejkg ds lkFk gt fd;k rks og gt
reRrkvs gSaA vki ls gt ds ckn mejkg djus ds eqrkfYyd+ iqNk x;k\
rks vkius Qjek;k fd v¸;kes r”kjhd+ [+kRe gks tkus ds ckn vxj flj
eqaMokus dk bedku gks rks fQj mejkg djsA vki Qjekrs gSa fd mejkg
eqQjn% ;g gS fd cSrqYykg dk rokQ vkSj lQk o ejokg ds njfe;ku
lbZ dh tk, vkSj blds ckn vxj rqe ml oD+r ,gjke [kksyuk pkgks rks
[kksy ldrs gks vkSj tc rqe gje esa nkf[+ky gks rks yCcSd dguk can dj
nks vkSj tc mejkg djus okyk rokQ ns pqds vkSj lbZ dj pqds rks
,gjke [kksy ns vkSj vxj pkgs rks ykSV tk, vkSj vxj mlds gejkg gnh
¼dqckZuh dk tkuoj½ gks rks eDdk esa ft+Cg dj ns blds ckn vxj u¶y
rokQ djuk pkgs rks dj ldrk gSA
lÌ% ¼:dkoV½ vkSj bglkj ¼chekjh½ dk c;kulÌ% ¼:dkoV½ vkSj bglkj ¼chekjh½ dk c;kulÌ% ¼:dkoV½ vkSj bglkj ¼chekjh½ dk c;kulÌ% ¼:dkoV½ vkSj bglkj ¼chekjh½ dk c;kulÌ% ¼:dkoV½ vkSj bglkj ¼chekjh½ dk c;ku
lÌ% vfuy cSr ;kfu cSrqYykg&vy&gjke dh ft+;kjr ls jksd
fn;k tk, ;g ml oD+r eqefdu gS fd gt o mejkg djus okys vkSj
cSrqYykg&vy&gjke ds njfe;ku nq”eu gkbZy gksA tSlk fd eq”kfjd+hu
us gqnSfc;k ds lky esa jlwys vdjel-v-o- ds lkFk fd;k FkkA vki tc
c&ed+ln mejkg r”kjhQ ys tk jgs Fks rks eq”kfjd+hu us jkLrs gh eas
vkidks eDdk esa nkf[ky gksus ls euk dj fn;k FkkA vkids gejkg gnh
¼dqckZuh dk tkuoj½ Hkh FkkA pqukaps ml oD+r [+kqnk oUns djhe us
eq”kfjd+hu ds ckjs esa ;g vk;rs djhek ukft+y QjekbZ fd %
gqeqy yt+hu% dQ: o líwdqe vfuy eLt+fny gjkfe oy gn;ks
evdwQu vU; ;cyqx% efgYygq rtqZek % ;g ogh yksx rks gS ftUgksus
486
dqÝ fd;k vkSj rqe dks efLtn&vy&gjke eas tkus ls jksdk vkSj dqckZuh
ds tkuojksa dks Hkh u vkus fn;k vkSj oks viuh txg ij igq¡pus ls :ds
jgsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkeqy gqnSfc;k ¼gqnSfc;k
dk lky½ jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o enhuk ls mejkg ds bjknk ls jokuk gq, FksA
vkids gejkg ,d gt+kj ls T+;knk vlgkc FksA tc vki eqd+kes T+kqy
gqysQk igq¡ps rks vkius vkSj vkids vlgkc us ,gjke cka/kk vkSj dqckZuh ds
tkuoj dks d+ykng iguk;k vkSj 'kvkj yxk;kA ;s [+kcj dqjS'k dks igq¡ph
vkSj ;g okfd+vk Qrg eDdk ls igys dk gSaA pqukaps dqjS”k us vkids
eqd+kcys ds fy, y'dj tek fd;kA tc vkagt+jrl-v-o eqd+kes vlQku ds
ikl igq¡ps rks vkidks dqjS'k dh rS;fj;ksa dh bfRrykv feyhA vkius
mudks dgyk;k fd ge tax djus ds fy, ugha vk, gSa ge rks mejkg
djus dh xjt+ ls vk, gSaA vxj dqjS'k dh [okfg'k gks rks eSa ,d eqír
rd ds fy, muls lqyg dj ldrk gq¡ ysfdu bl 'krZ ij fd oks gekjk
jkLrk NksM+ nsa vxj eSa x+kfyc vk;k rks dqjS'k pkgs ogh et+gc bf[+r;kj
dj ldrs gS ftles nqljs yksx nkf[+ky gks pqds gSa vkSj mUgsa badkj gksxk
rks fQj eSa muls ftgkn d:axk ;gka rd fd [+kqnk oans rvkyk gekjs
njfe;ku QSlyk dj nsxkA vYykg csgrj QSlyk djus okyk gS pqukpsa
vkil-v-o ds vkSj dqjS'k ds njfe;ku d+kflnks dk vkuk tkuk gqvk vkSj
vkius muls bl ckr ij lqyg dj fy;k fd vki bl lky rks okil
ykSV tkrs gS ysfdu vxys lky vxj vkius pkgk rks mejkg cka/k dj
vk,xsA dqjS”k us tokc fn;k fd vjc ;s gjfxt+ xokjk u djsaxas fd dksbZ
“k[l eDdk esa tcju nkf[+ky gks il vkius mudks et+dwj tokc ns
fn;k vkSj fQj ogha ij vkius vius dqckZuh ds tkuoj dks ft+Cg fd;k
vkSj ckyksa dks rj”kok;k fQj vkil-v-o vkSj vkids reke vlgkc okil
ykSV vk,A pqukaps blh rjg ml “k[+l dks Hkh vey djus dk gqDe gSa
ftldks ml oD+r cSrqYykg&vy&gjke ls jksd fn;k x;k gks tcfd
mlus gt ;k mejkg djuk vius Åij Qt+Z dj fy;k gks ;k nksuks dks
,d lkFk vius Åij Qt+Z dj fy;k gksA bu nksuks lwjrksa es oks flQZ ckyksa
dks rj”kok,] vkSj okil ykSV tk,aA vxj fdlh ds gejkg dqckZuh dk
tkuoj gks rks viuk flj u eqaMok, D;kasfd vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gSa
fd %
487
oyk rgfydq :Åldqe gRrk ;cyqxy gn;ks efgYygw rtqZek % vkSj
tc rd dqckZuh viuh txg ij u igq¡p tk, vius flj u eqaMokvksA
,slk mlh oD+r djuk pkfg, tc gkth ehd+kr ls xqt+j pqdk gks vkSj
,gjke cka/k fy;k gks vkSj dqckZuh ds tkuoj dks d+ykng iguk pqdk gks
vkSj vxj ehd+kr ls igys gh mldks jksd fn;k x;k gS rks okil pyk
tk,A [+okg ,gjke cka/k fy;k gks ;k u cka/kk gksA vkSj dqckZuh ds tkuoj
dks ft+Cg u djsa [+okg d+ykng iguk;k gks ;k u iguk;k gks vxj mlds
lkFk dqckZuh dk tkuoj gS D;ksafd geus igys ft+Ø fd;k gS fd ehd+kr
ls igys ,gjke u cka/kuk pkfg,A vkSj vxj fdlh us cka/k fy;k vkSj
mldk ,gjke tkrk jgk rks ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh gSaA bglkj
chekjh dks dgrs gS fd mlds eqrkfYyd+ vYykg rvkyk dk b”kkZn gS fd %
Qbu mgfljrqe Qel rSlj% feuy gnf; rtqZek % il vxj rqe
chekjh oxSjg dh otg ls etcwj gks tkvks rks fQj tSlh dqckZuh e;Llj
gks og dj nksA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkils iwNk x;k
fd vxj dksbZ “k[+l jkLrs esa chekj gks tk, vkSj dqckZuh ds tkuoj dks
Hkst ns rks \ vkius Qjek;k fd vxj oks gt dh gkyr esa gks rks vius
lkfFk;ksa ls vgnks iSeku dj ys D;kasfd dqckZuh rks dqckZuh ds fnu gh dh
tkrh gSaA vxj mejkg dh gkyr esa gks rks vius lkfFk;ksa ds eDdk esa
nkf[+ky gksus ds eksv¸;u fnu rd bafrt+kj djssA vkSj ml ?kM+h ij ut+j
j[ks ftldk mlus muls oknk fd;k gSaA tc oks ?kM+h vk tk, rks oks ckyks
dks NaVok, vkSj ,sgjke [kksy ns vkSj vxj ,gjke ds ckn jkLrs esa chekj
gks x;k vkSj vius vgyks v;ky dh rjQ okil tkuk pkgrk gS rks ykSV
tk, vkSj ,d Å¡V ;k xk; dh dqckZuh djsA vxj oks gt dh fu¸;r ls
fudyk Fkk rks vkbUnk lky mldks gt djuk okftc gSa vkSj mejkg dh
fu¸;r ls fudyk Fkk rks ml ij mejk djuk okftc gS D;kasfd ,d erZck
beke gqLkSuv-l- mejkg djus dh uh;r ls enhuk ls jokuk gq, Fks exj
vki jkLrs gh esa chekj iM+ x, tc ;s [+kcj veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dks
igqWph rks vki enhuk ls beke gqlSuv-l- dh ryk”k esa fudys vkSj ed+kesa
488
lqd+;k esa beke gqlSuv-l- ds ikl igaqps oks ml oD+r chekj FksA veh:y
eqvfeuhuv-l- us iqNk fd tkus finj D;k f”kdk;r gSa \ beke gqlSuv-l- us
Qjek;k fd eq>s nnsZ flj gks jgk gSaA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- us ,d Å¡V
ryc Qjek;k vkSj mldks ft+Cg fd;k vkSj flj ds ckyksa dks eqaMok;k
vkSj vkidks enhuk okil ys vk, tc beke gqlSuvl- us nnsZ lj ls f”kQk
ikbZ rks vkius mejkg fd;kA vkils vt+Z fd;k x;k fd ,s QjtUns
jlwyl v o vki bl elvys esa D;k Qjekrs gSaa fd vxj dksbZ “k[l vius
nnZ ls f”kQk ik tk, rks D;k mlds fy, vkSjr gyky gSa \ vkius
Qjek;k fd ugh tc rd fd og cSrqYykg dk rokQ u nsxk vkSj lQk
o ejokg ds njfe;ku lbZ u djsxk gyky ugh gSaA vki ls vt+Z fd;k
x;k fd fQj jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o tc gqnSfc;k ls okil ykSV vk, Fks rks
vkids fy, vkSjrsa gyky gks x;h Fkh gkykafd vkius rokQ ugh fd;k Fkk
\ lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- us dgk fd bl ckjs esa nksuks cjkcj ugh gSa
D;kasfd jlqys [+kqnkl-v-o dks jksdk x;k Fkk vkSj beke gqlSuv-l- chekj gks x,
Fks geus tks dqN Åij c;ku fd;k gS oks lc elnwn ¼ftldks jksdk x;k
gks½ vkSj eglwj ¼tks chekj gks x;k gks½ ds fy, gS ;s lc mlh lwjr esa
gS tcfd ehd+kr ls ,gjke cak/kk tk pqdk gSa ysfdu vxj ehd+kr ds igys
dksbZ “k[+l chekj gks x;k ;k jksd fn;k x;k rks ml lwjr esa ml ij dqN
Hkh okftc ugh gSa oks ykSV dj pyk tk, vkSj dqckZuh dk tuoj gks rks
Qjks[+r dj ns x+t+Z tks pkgs lks djs D;kasfd mlus ml tkuoj dks vHkh
okftc ugh fd;k gSa ;kfu u rks vHkh “kvkj yxk;k gSa u d+ykng iguk;k
gSa vkSj ;g lc dqN ehd+kr ls ,gjke cka/kus ds ckn gh fd;k tkrk gSaA
nkbZeqy ejt+ vkSj veokr dh tkfuc ls gt djusnkbZeqy ejt+ vkSj veokr dh tkfuc ls gt djusnkbZeqy ejt+ vkSj veokr dh tkfuc ls gt djusnkbZeqy ejt+ vkSj veokr dh tkfuc ls gt djusnkbZeqy ejt+ vkSj veokr dh tkfuc ls gt djus
dk c;kudk c;kudk c;kudk c;kudk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS fd ,d “k[+l vkids
ikl vk;k vkSj mlus vtZ+ fd;k fd esjs okfyn cgqr cq<+s gks pqds gS vkSj
mlus gt ugh fd;k gSa rks D;k eSa fdlh “k[+l dks mudh rjQ ls gt
djus ds fy, jkLrs dk [kpZ vkSj lkt+ks lkeku nsdj Hkst ldrk gq¡ \
vkius Qjek;k fd gk¡ blds lcwr esa ,d okfd+vk vgns fjlkyr dk ;s
489
gS fd dchyk [+k'kve dh ,d vkSjr us jlqys [+kqnkl-v-o ls iqNk fd oks
vius okfyn dh tkfuc ls gt dj ldrh gS blfy, fd mldk okfyn
cgqr cw<+k gks pqdk gSa \ jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us Qjek;k fd gk¡ tkvks vkSj rqe
gt djks D;ksafd ftl rjg ;g eqefdu gSa fd rqEgkjs okfyn ij d+t+Z gks
vkSj rqe mldks vius okfyn dh rjQ ls vnk djks rks og vnk gks tkrk
gSa “ks[+k ¼cq<~<k½ vkSj vtwt+ ¼ykpkj½ nksuks nkbZeqy ejt+ esa nkf[+ky gSaA ;s
nksuks vxj vius eky ls gt djokuk pkgsa rks gt djok,a ;k viuh
vkSykn dks viuh rjQ ls [+kpZ nsdj Hksts tSlk fd geus fdrkcqy lkse
esa muds jksts+ ds eqrkfYyd+ ftØ fd;k gS fd vxj oks nksuks jkst+k u j[k
ldrs gkas rks jkst+k u j[kas vkSj gj jkst+ ,d feldhu dks [kkuk f[kyk,
D;ksafd mu nksuksa ls dksbZ mEehn ugh gS fd og jkst+k j[k ldsxs il ,slh
lwjr bu nksuksa ds gt ds flyflys esa Hkh ;gh gqDe gS fd oks nksukas gt
djus ij dHkh d+kfnj u gksaxs u ,slh dksbZ mEehn gS fd ftl mEehn ij
og vkbUnk lky ds fy, gt dks Vkyrs jgsaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd
vxj dksbZ “k[+l ;s olh;r dj tk, fd mlds ejus ds ckn mldh rjQ
ls bLykeh gt djok;k tk, vxj oks vius eky dk rhljk fgLlk
eqd+jZj dj tk, rks mldks vyx dj fn;k tk, vxj mlus r; ugh
fd;k gS rks vly eky eas ls fudky fy;k tk, c”krsZ fd mlus viuh
rjQ ls gt djus dh olh;r dh gks vkSj tcfd oks viuk Qt+Z gt dj
pqdk gks rks fQj ;s gt mldh rjQ ls mlds eky ds rhljs fgLls ls
fd;k tk,A ,d “k[+l dks Hkstk tk, tks mldh rjQ ls gt djs vkSj
mldks Åtjr nh tk, il [+kpZ ls tks cp jgs lks ;s mldk gd+ gS
ftldks Hkstk x;k gSa vkSj ,sls “k[l dks gt ij Hkstus esa dksbZ gtZ ugh
gSaA ftlus vHkh viuk gt ugh fd;k gSa vxj dj pqdk gS rks ,slk “k[+l
T+;knk csgrj gSaA vkSjr enZ dh rjQ ls gt u djsA gkykafd blds flok
dksbZ enZ ekStwn u gks ;k fQj og vkSjr vQt+y gS tks enksZa ls T+;knk
eukfld dks vnk dj ldrh gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius vius fdlh
“kgt+kns dk gt djok;k rks vkius gt djus okys ls “krZ dh fd oks
,gdke o bcknkr dks cjkcj vnk djsxkA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd
vxj rqe us “krZ ds eqrkfcd+ eukfld gt dks cjkcj vnk fd;k rks ;g
490
mldk gt gksxk ftldh rjQ ls rqeus gt fd;k gSaA vkSj rqedks “krZ
dh vnk;xh vkSj vius ftLe dks Fkdkus dk vtj feysxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vxj fdlh “k[+l us Åtjr ij
nwljs dk gt dj fy;k rks mlds gt ls Qkfjx gksus ds ckn oks vius
fy, mejkg o rokQ tks Hkh djuk pkgs dj ldrk gSaA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd tks “k[l fdlh vksj dh rjQ ls gt djus
ds fy, tk, rks oks ,sgjke cak/krs oD+r ;s dgs %
vYykgqEe% bUuh vgTtks vu Qykfuu¼'k[l dk uke ys½ Qrd+Ccy
feUgks o vt:uh vu d+t+kbZ vUgksA
gt ds QkSr gks tkus dk c;kugt ds QkSr gks tkus dk c;kugt ds QkSr gks tkus dk c;kugt ds QkSr gks tkus dk c;kugt ds QkSr gks tkus dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj
dksbZ “k[l vjQk ds ekSfd+Q ¼gkft;ksa ds Bgjus dh txg½ esa yksxks ls tk
feys vkSj muds lkFk dwp djus ls igys dqN nsj ekSfd+Q ij Hkh [kM+k jgs
rks mldk gt gks x;k vkSj vxj oks vjQkr ls fudyus ds ckn vk;k
vkSj vjQkr esa jkr ds oD+r igaqpk vkSj ogka Bgjdj mlus ft+Øs bykgh
fd;k vkSj yksxksa ds eqt+nfyQk ls dwp djus ls igys eqt+nfyQk esa ig¡qp
x;k rks mlus gt ik fy;kA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd vxj dksbZ “k[l rqyq , Qtz ls igys eSnku
vjQkr esa tk igqapk vkSj ed+kes tev ;kfu eqt+nkfyQk esa ml oD+r
vk;k tcfd yksx fudy pqds Fks vkSj lwjt Hkh rqyqv gks pqdk rks mldk
gt QkSr gks x;k vc oks gt dks mejkg esa cny ns vkSj vxj yksx ogka
ls fudys u gksa rks mldk gt gks x;k vksj tc rd yksx e”kvj gjke
ls u fudy tk,a gt QkSr ugha gksrkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gSaa fd fdlh “k[+l us gt dk
,sgjke cka/kk vkSj oks vjQk esa Bgj u dj ldk vkSj eqt+nfyQk esa lqcg
dh uekt+ Hkh QkSr gks x;h rks mldk gt QkSr gks x;k vc oks gt dks
mejkg esa rCknhy dj ns fQj vkbUnk lky ml ij gt djuk okftc gSaA
491
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd fdlh us gt dh fu¸;r ls mejkg
cka/kk ;k reRrks fcy mejkg byy gt dk vgjke cka/kk vkSj oks eDdk
esa dqckZuh ds fnu igqapk rks oks rokQ cSrqYykg djs vkSj lQk o ejokg
ds njfe;ku lbZ djds ,gjke [ksky ns vkSj gt dks mejkg ls cny ys
vxj fdlh us gt reRrks fcy mejkg dk ,gjke cka/kk ;k nksuks dks ,d
lkFk tev dj fn;k gS vkSj oks eDdk ls ,sls oD+r esa igqapk gS fd mejkg
ds fy, rokQ o lbZ djrk gS rks gt QkSr gksus dk vUns”kk gSa ml oD+r
tYnh ls tkdj ekSfdQ esa yksxks ds lkFk “kkfey gks tk, vkSj vius gt
dks vnk djs vkSj bl gt dks gt eqQjn% d+jkj nsA mlds ckn fQj ls
mejkg djs vkSj vxj mlus ;s “krZ dh Fkh fd tgka jksd fn;k tk, ogh
dqckZuh djsxk rks ;g mldk mejkg gksxkA ml ij dqN Hkh okftc ugh
gSaa vkSj vxj dksbZ “krZ u Fkh rks ml ij vkbUnk lky gt djuk okftc
gSaA
492
ftgkn
493
fcfLeYykfg jZgekfu jZghe
fdrkcqy ftgknfdrkcqy ftgknfdrkcqy ftgknfdrkcqy ftgknfdrkcqy ftgkn¼7½¼7½¼7½¼7½¼7½
ftgkn ds Qt+Z gksus dk c;kuftgkn ds Qt+Z gksus dk c;kuftgkn ds Qt+Z gksus dk c;kuftgkn ds Qt+Z gksus dk c;kuftgkn ds Qt+Z gksus dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk us vius iSxEcj eqgEen eqLrQklvo ls f[krkc
djds Qjek;k gS fd
dqy ;k v¸;qgu uklks bUuh jlwyqYykfg bySdqe tehvkfuy yt+h ygw
eqYdql lekokfr oy vjfn yk bykg% bYyk gqo% ;qg;h o ;qehrks Q
vkfeuq fcYykfg o jlwfyfgu uchby mEehf;y yt+h ;qvfeuks fcYykfg o
dfyekfrgh oRrfcÅgks yvYydqe rgrnwu 9&7@158 rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy
rqe mu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd yksxks! eSa rqe lc yksxksa ds ikl ml [+kqnk
dk Hkstk gqvk iSx+Ecj gw¡ ftlds fy, [kkl lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh
ckn'kkgr ¼gqdqer½ gS blds flok vkSj dksbZ ekvcwn ugha ogh ftank djrk
gS ogh ekj Mkyrk gS il yksxks! [+kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy uch] mEeh ij
bZeku ykvks tks [+kqn Hkh [+kqnk ij vkSj mldh ckrksa ij fny ls bZeku
j[krk gS vkSj mlds d+ne&c&d+ne pyks rkfd rqe fgnk;r ikvksA
vkSj nwljs ed+ke ij vYykg ty 'kkugw us Qjek;k gS fd %
o ek vjlyukd% bYyk dk¶Qru fyUukfl c'khju o ut+hju oyk
fdUu% vdljUukfl yk ;vyewu 22&34@28A rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy½ geus
rks rqedks reke nqfu;k ls yksxksa ds fy, ¼usdksdkjksa dks cfg'r dh
[kq'k[kcjh nsus okyk vkSj cqjksa dks vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk ¼iSx+Ecj½] cukdj
Hkstk exj cgqr ls yksx ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha ekursA
494
fdrkcs bykgh ds bl c;ku ls okts+g gksrk gS fd jlwys [+kqnklvo
reke bUlkuksa dh rjQ iSx+Ecj cukdj Hksts x, Fks blfy, vxj dksbZ
'k[+l vkidh ucqor dk badkj djrk gS vkSj vkidh fjlkyr dks ekuus
ls bUdkj djrk gS rks mlds lkFk ftgkn djuk okftc gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o dk ;g b'kkZn gS fd eq>s reke cuh uwv bUlku
dk iSx+Ecj cukdj Hkstk x;k gS vkSj vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k gS fd eSa xksjs
vkSj dkys lcdh rjQ Hkstk x;k gw¡ pqukaps vYykg rvkyk us lcls igys
vkidks ;s gqDe nsdj Hkstk fd bUlkuksa dks [+kqnk dh rjQ cqykvks vkSj tc
oks rdt+hc ¼>qByk,½ djsa rks muls viuk eq¡g fQjk yksA vYykg rvkyk
dh rjQ nkvor djus dk gqDe bl vk;r djhek esa ekStwn gSA ckjh
rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
mnvks byk lchfy jfCcd% fcy fgdefr oy ekSbt+fry gl%ufr o
tkfnygqe fcy yrh fg;% vgluks 14&16@125A rtqZek % ¼,s jlwy½ rqe
yksxksa dks vius ijojfnxkj dh jkg ij fgder vkSj vPNh vPNh ulhgr
ds t+fj, ls cqykvks vkSj cgl o eqckfglk djks Hkh rks ,sls rjhd+s ls tks
yksxksa ds ut+nhd lcls vPNk gks vkSj rdt+hc djus okyksa ls ,vjkt+
djus dk gqDe bl vk;rs djhek esa ekStwn gS vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn
gS fd %
o vvfjt+ vfuy tkfgyhu% 9&7@199A rtqZek % vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tkfgyksa
dh rjQ ls eqag Qsj yksA il tc vYykg rvkyk us yksxksa ij gqTtr dh
rkdhn dj nh vkSj gqTtr dks reke dj fn;k vkSj mlds jlwy eqgEen
eqLrQkl-v-o us mu rd vYykg dk iSx+ke igq¡pk fn;k fQj Hkh muesa ls
fdrus yksx dqQz o ljd'kh vkSj rdt+hc esa gn ls xqt+j x, rks ml oD+r
vYykg rvkyk us vius jlwy dh vkSj vius nhu dh bl rjg uqljr dh
fd mlus vki ij vkSj tks vki ij bZeku yk, Fks mu ij dkfQjhu vkSj
eqdfT+t+chu ds lkFk ftgkn djuk Qt+Z dj fn;kA
vYykg rvkyk b'kkZn gS fd %
495
dqfrc% vySdqeqy fdrkyks o gqo% dqjgqy ydqe o vlk vu rdjgw
'kSvUo o gqo% [kS:y ydqe o vlk vu rqfgCcw “kSvUo o gqo% “kj:y
ydqe 2&2@216A rtqZek % ¼eqlykekuksa½ rqe ij ftgkn QtZ+ fd;k x;k
vxjps rqe ij 'kkd t+:j gS vkSj vtc ugha fd rqe pht+ ¼ftgkn½ dks
uk ilUn djks gkykafd oks rqEgkjs gd+ esa csgrj gks vkSj vtc ugha fd rqe
fdlh pht+ dks ilUn djks vkSj og rqEgkjs gd+ esa cqjh gksA vkSj nwljs
ed+ke ij Qjek;k gS fd %
Qbt+u ly[ky v'kgq:y gq:eks Qd+rqyqy eq'kfjdhu% gSlks otnrqeqgqe
o [kqt+qgqe oglq:gqe odmnw ygqe dqYy% ejlfnu Qbu rkcw o
vd+keqLlykr% o vkrqt+ t+dkr% Q[kYyq lchygqe 10&9@5 rtqZek % fQj
tc gqjer ds ¼pkjks½ eghus xqt+j tk,a rks eq'kjhdksa dks tgka ikvkss ¼fcuk
nsjh fd,½ dRy dj nksA vkSj mudks fxj¶rkj dj yksA vkSj mudks d+Sn
djks vkSj gj ?kkr dh txg esa mudh rkd esa cSBks fQj vxj oks yksx vc
Hkh f'kdZ ls ckvt+ vk,a vkSj uekt+ i<+us yxsa vkSj t+dkr ns rks mudh jkg
NksM+ nksA
pqukaps vkagt+jrl-v-o us blh Qjekus bykgh ds eqrkfcd+ mu
eq'kfjdhu ds lkFk ftgkn fd;k Fkk ftUgksauas vkidh fjlkyr vkSj ucqor
dh rdt+hc dh FkhA vkSj vkius [+kqnk ds gqDe ls ,d d+kSe ds lkFk ,d
eqd+jZj eqn~nr rd ds fy, lqyg dj fy;k Fkk rkfd mu ij gqTtr reke
gks tk,A
fQj ijojfnxkjs vkye us vkidks ;g gqDe fn;k fd vc muds
vgnks iSeku dks [+kRe dj nks vkSj og gqDe bl vk;r djhek esa ekStwn
gSa vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
496
cjkvrqe feuYykfg o jlwfygh byy yt+hu% vkgnRrqe feuy eq'kfjdhu
10&9@1 rtqZek % ,s eqlyekuks! ftu eq'kfjdksa ls rqe yksxksa us lqyg dk
vgnks iSeku fd;k Fkk vc [+kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh rjQ ls muls ¼iwjh
rjg ls½ cst+kjh gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls eudwy gS veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l ls
iwNk x;k fd ,s veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l vkids vQt+y rjhu eukfd+c D;k
D;k gS\ gt+jr vyhv-l- us Qejk;k fd esjs vQt+yrjhu eukfd+c rks ogh
gSa ftuds fy, eSaus dksbZ dkjukek vatke ugha fn;k gSA fQj vkius vius
cgqr ls eukfd+c c;ku Qjek, vkSj muesa ls ,d eud+cr ;g c;ku dh
fd tc ijojfnxkjs vkye us vius iSxEcj eqgEen eqLrQkl-v-o ij lwjv%
cjkvr mrkjh rks vkius gt+jr vcq cØ dks lwjv% cjkvr nsdj vgys
eDdk dh tkfuc jokuk dj fn;kA tc og fudydj nwj pys x, rks
ftczbZyv-l ukft+y gq, vkSj mUgksauss [+kqnk dk ;g iSx+ke vkagt+jrl-v-o dks
igqapk;k fd ,s eqgEenl-v-o- vkidh tkfuc ls lwjv% cjkvr vyhv-l ds
flok vkSj dksbZ u igq¡pk, il ml oD+r jlwys vdjel-v-o us eq>s cqyk;k
vkSj gqDe fn;k fd eSa vkids ukdk&,&vt+ck ¼Å¡V½ ij lokj gksdj
gt+jr vcw cØ ls tk feyks vkSj muls lwjv% cjkvr dks okil ys yksA
pqukaps Qjekus fjlkyr evkcl-v-o ds eqrkfcd+ eSa gt+jr vcwcØ ls jkLrs
esa gh tk feykA ml oD+r gt+jr vcw cØ us dgk fd D;k ckr gS ,s
vyhv-l rqEgh crkvksa D;k vYykg vkSj jlwy dh tkfuc ls eq> ij dqN
[+kQxh gS\ eSaus muls dgk ,slk ugha gS cfYd vkagt+jrl-v-o dks ;g gqDe
fn;k x;k gS fd mudh tkfuc ls lwjv% cjkvr ogh 'k[+l vgys eDdk
dh rjQ ysdj tk, tks muds [kkunku ls gSA lkfnd+ vkys eqgEenv-l
Qjekrs gS fd veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l us gt+jr vcq cØ ls lwjv% cjkvr dks
okil ys fy;k vkSj vki eDdk eksvTtek igqapsA bZns dqjcku ds fnu t+kSgj
ds ckn vki lwjv% cjkvr ysdj mBs vkSj mldks i<+dj lquk;k fd %
cjkvrqe feuykfg o jlwfygh byy yt+hu% vkgnRrqe feuy eq'kfjdhu
0 Qlhgw fQy vjfn vjcvr% v'kgqfju 10&9@1&2A rtqZek % ¼,s
497
eqlyekuksa½ ftu eq'kfjdksa ls rqe yksxksa us lqyg dk vgnks iSeku fd;k Fkk
vc [+kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh rjQ ls ¼,dne½ cst+kjh gSA ¼rks ,s
eq”kfjdks½ il rqe pkj eghus pSu ls :,s t+ehu ij ?kqeks fQjks ;kfu
ft+yfgTtk ds chl fnu vkSj eksgjZe] lQj jfCcÅy vOoy dk iwjk
eghuk vkSj jfCcÅy vkf[+kj ds nl fnu rd vkSj ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd
dksbZ uaxk enZ vkSj uaxh vkSjr vkSj eq'kfjd o eq'kfjdk vkt ls cSrqYykg
dk rokQ u djsA [+kcjnkj! jlwy [+kqnkl-v-o ds lkFk lqyg dk tks vgnks
iSeku Fkk vc mldh eqn~nr flQZ pkj eghus gSa beke tvQ:Llkfnd+vl-
us ckd+h gnhl c;ku dh Fkh ftldks geus ;gka eq[+krlj dj fn;k gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd vYykg rvkyk
ds bl b'kkZn ds eqrkfcd+ gj eqlyeku ij ftgkn djuk Qt+Z gS fd %
dqfrc% vySdqeqy fd+rkyks 2&2@216A rtqZek % ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe ij
ftgkn QtZ fd;k x;k gSA vxj eqlyekuksa dk ,d fxjksg el:Qs
ftgkn gks rks ml oD+r rd nwljs reke yksxksa dks ftgkn ls nwj jgus dk
bf[+r;kj gS tc rd fd ftgkn ds jguqekvksa dks enn dh t+:jr u gksA
vkSj vxj eqtkfgfnu dks benkn dh t+:jr gks rks ml oD+r mudh
Hkjiwj enn djuk gj eqlyeku dk Qt+Z gSA vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS
fd %
oek dkuy eqvfeuwu% fy ;ufQ: dk¶Qru 11&9@122 rtqZek % vkSj
;g Hkh equkflc ugha fd eqvfeuhu lc ds lc vius ?kjksa ls fudy [kM+s
gksaA vycÙkk dksbZ eqfge njis'k vk tk, ftlesa iwjh tekvr dh t+:jr
gks rks mlds fy, lc fudy iM+saA tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS
fd %
bu fQ: f[kQkQUo o fldkyUo o tkfgnw fc vEokfydqe o vUQqfldqe
Qh lchfyYykfg 10&9@41 rtqZek % ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe gYds QqYds gks ;k
Hkkjh Hkjde ¼gfFk;kjcan½ cgjgky tc rqedks gqDe fn;k tk, rks QkSju
py [kM+s gksa vkSj vius eky o uqQwl ls [+kqnk dh jkg esa ftgkn djksA
498
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gS fd
f[kQkQUo fld+kyu ls ;g eqjkn gS fd ukStoku vkSj cw<+s ftgkn ds fy,
fudys vkSj vk;rs djhek %
bUuYyk&g'krjk feuy eqvfeuhu% vu Qql%gqe o vEokygqe fcvUu%
ygqeqy tUur% ;qd+kfryqu% Qh lchfyYykfg Q;d+rqywu% o ;qdrywu
ovnu vySfg gD+d+u fQr rkSjkfr oy buthfy oy dqjvku o eu vksQk
fc vgfngh feuYykfg QLrcf'k: fc csbdqey yt+h ck ;vrqe fcgh o
t+kfyd% gqoy Qkst+qy vt+he 11&9@111 rtqZek % blesa rks 'kd gh ugha
fd [+kqnk us eqvfeuhu ls mudh tkusa vkSj muds eky bl ckr ij [+kjhn
fy, gSa fd ¼mudh d+her½ muds fy, cfg'r gSA blh otg ls ;g yksx
[+kqnk dh jkg esa yM+rs gSa rks ¼dq¶Qkj½ dks ekjrs gSa vkSj ¼[+kqn½ ekjs tkrs
gSaA ¼;g½ iDdk oknk gS ¼ftldk½ iwjk djuk [+kqnk ij ykft+e gSA vkSj
,slk iDdk gS fd rksjkr vkSj bUthy vkSj dqjvku ¼lc½ esa fy[kk gqvk gS
fd vius vgn dk iwjk djus okyk [+kqnk ls c<+dj vkSj dkSu gS rqe rks
viuh [+kjhn o Qjks[+r ls tks rqeus [+kqnk ls dh gS [+kqf'k;k¡ eukvks ;gh
cM+h dke;kch gS ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk x;k fd D;k bu reke yksxksa ds ckjs
esa dgk x;k gS tks [+kqnk dh jkg esa ftgkn djrs gSaA ;k flQZ ,d gh d+kSe
ls eqjkn gS vkSj ckd+h d+kSe ugha\ beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k fd
tc ;g vk;rs djhek jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ij ukft+y gqbZ rks ml oD+r cvt+
lgkck us blds eqrkfYyd+ vkils iwNk rks vkius bldk dksbZ tokc u
fn;k ysfdu vYykg rvkyk us ;g vk;r djhek ukft+y QjekbZ %
499
vRrkbcwuy vkfcnwuy gkfenwul lkbgwuj jkfdÅul lkftnwuy vkfe:u%
fcy ev:fQ ou ukgwu% vfuy equdfj oy gkfQt+wu% fygqnwfnYykfg o
cf''kfjy eqvfeuhu 11&9@112 rtqZek % vYykg rvkyk blesa mu
eqvfeuhu dh flQkr c;ku dj nh gS ftudk tku vkSj eky mlus [+kjhn
fy;k gS il ftls tUur dh [okfg'k gks rks oks [+kqnk dh jkg esa et+dwjk
'kjkbr ij ftgkn djsA ojuk oks mu yksxksa esa gS ftuds eqrkfYyd+
jlwyYykgl-v-o us dgk Fkk fd [+kqnk vius nhu dh uqljr ,sls yksxksa ls
djsxk tks ekewyh gSfl;r ds yksx gSaA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls nsgkfr;ksa ds ckjs esa iwNk x;k fd
D;k mu ij ftgkn QtZ+ gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd ugha] gkykafd ml oD+r
tc bLyke ij dksbZ eqf'dy vku iM+sA [+kqnk dh iukg fd bLyke ij
dksbZ ,slk Hkh oD+r vk, tcfd og nsgkfr;ksa dk eksgrkt gksA vkSj tc
rd nsgkrh ftgkn u djas ekys x+uher esa mudk dksbZ fgLlk ugha gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us Qjek;k
fd tks 'k[+l vius fny esa cqt+fnyh dk t+jkZ cjkcj fgLlk eglwl djrk
gks rks oks ftgkn esa 'kjhd u gksA gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gS fd cqt+fny
dks yk;d+ ugha gS fd oks ftgkn esa f'kjdr djs D;ksafd og tYn f'kdLr
[kk,xkA ysfdu oks ftu vlckc ls ftgkn djus dk bjknk j[krk gks og
vius ml lktksa lkeku ls nqljs eqtkfgn dks vkjkLrk dj nsA bl lwjr
esa mldks eqtkfgn dk vtz feysxk blls t+jk Hkh de u feysxkA vki
Qjekrs gSa fd tc rd xqykeksa dh t:jr is'k u vk, mu ij ftgkn Qt+Z
ugha gS vkSj u vkSjrksa ij ftgkn QtZ+ gS vkSj u de mez yksxksa ij ftgkn
QtZ+ gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- Qjekrs gS fd tc beke ds ikl vgys cnz ds
eqtkfgnhu ftruh rknkn tek gks tk, ;kfu ¼313½ eqtkfgnhu rks ml
oD+r beke ij ftgkn ds fy, mB [kM+s gksuk vkSj fut+kes gqdqers oD+r dks
cny nsuk okftc gSA
500
ftgkn esa rjx+hckr ¼izksRlkgu½ dk c;kuftgkn esa rjx+hckr ¼izksRlkgu½ dk c;kuftgkn esa rjx+hckr ¼izksRlkgu½ dk c;kuftgkn esa rjx+hckr ¼izksRlkgu½ dk c;kuftgkn esa rjx+hckr ¼izksRlkgu½ dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck , fdjke vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd jlwys
[+kqnkl v o us Qjek;k fd gj usver ds eqrkfYyd+ vYykg cans ls iwNsxk
flok; mlds tks [+kqnk dh jkg esa [kpZ dh xbZ gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- Qjekrs gS fd bLyke dh cqu;kn
uekt+ ij gS t+dkr bldh 'kk[+k gS vkSj mldk 'kxwQk [+kqnk dh jkg esa
ftgkn djuk gS
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys vdjel-v-o
Qjekrs gS fd lQj djks rks equkQk mBkvkasxs jkst+k j[kks rks ranw:Lr
jgksaxsA ftgkn djks rks ekys x+uher ikvksxs vkSj gt djks rks bfLrx+Qkj
ulhc gksxkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd bZeku ds pkj vjdku gSa lcz]
;d+hu] vny] ftgknA vki Qjekrs gSa fd vius gkFkksa ls jkgs [+kqnk esa
ftgkn djksA vxj ,slk u dj ldks rks viuh t+ckuksa ls ftgkn djks vkSj
;g Hkh u dj ldks rks vius fnyksa ls ftgkn djksA rqe ij gj bekes
vkfny ds lkFk ftgkn djuk Qt+Z gS D;ksafd ftgkn tUur ds njoktksa
esa ls ,d njoktk gSA jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o dk b'kkZn gS fd dqjvku ds
gkfeyhu o mjQk,s vgys tUur gS vkSj eqtkfgnhu Qh lchfyYykg
muds d+kbnhu ¼jgcj½ gSa vkSj eqjlyhu vgys tUur ds ljnkj gSaA
vkidk ;g Hkh b'kkZn gS fd lcls cM+k l[kh oks gSa tks [+kqnk dh jkg esa
viuh tku rd dks fuNkoj dj ns vkSj lcls cM+k c[k+hy ¼dUtwl½ oks
gS tks lyke djus esa dUtwlh djsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k fd tc
ewlkv-l- o gk:uvl us vius jc dks iqdkjk rks vYykg rvkyk us tokc
fn;k fd eSaus rqe nksuksa dh nqvk d+cwy dj yhA blds vykok tks Hkh esjh
jkg esa ftgkn djsxk eSa mldh nqvk d+cwy d:¡xk tSlk fd eSaus rqe nksuksa
dh nqvk dks d+cwy dj fy;k gSA
veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o dk b'kkZn gS
tks 'k[+l fdlh eqtkfgn dh x+hcr djsxk ;k mldks vt+h;r igq¡pk,xk
501
;k mlds vgyks vd+jck esa mldh cqjkbZ djsxk rks d+;ker ds jkst+ ,d
fu'kku xkM+k tk,xk vkSj mlds reke xqukgkssa dks t+kfgj fd;k tk,xk
fQj mldks eqag ds cy tgUue esa Mky fn;k tk,xkA
jlwys vdjel-v-o- dk b'kkZn gS fd gj usdh ls c<+dj ,d usdh
gS ;gk rd fd usfd;ka djrs djrs cUnk [+kqnk dh jkg esa 'kghn gks tkrk
gS vkSj gj uk Qjekuh ls c<+dj ,d uk Qjekuh gSA ;gka rd fd cUnk
uk Qjekuh djrs djrs vius eka ;k cki dks ekj Mkyrk gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o dk b'kkZn gS fd jkgs [+kqnk esa [+kwu dk tks d+rjk
eqtkfgn ds ftLe ls fudyrk gS blls c<+dj [+kqnk ds ut+nhd vkSj dksbZ
d+rjk T;knk esgcwc o ilanhnk ugh gS ;k fQj oks vkalw dk d+rjk tks 'kcs
rkjhd ¼va/ksjh jkr½ esa [+kkSQs bykgh ds lcc VidsA
vkagt+jrl-v-o Qjekrs gS esjh mEer dk gj eqvfeu fln~nhd+ vkSj
'kghn gSA [+kqnk ml ryokj ls ftldks pkgsxk djkekr vrk djsxkA
bruk Qjekus ds ckn vkius ;g vk;r frykor dh %
oy yt+hu% vkeuw fcYykfg o :lqfygh mykbd% gqeql flíhdwu%
o''kksgnkvks bUn% jfCcfge 27&57@19 rtqZek % tks yksx [+kqnk vkSj
mlds jlwy ij bZeku yk, ;gh yksx vius ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd
fln~nhdhu vkSj 'kghnksa ds njts esa gksaxsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gS fd d+;ker ds jkst+ gj vka[k
dh uhan mM+ xbZ gksxh flok, mu rhu vka[kksa ds & ,d oks tks jkgs [+kqnk
esa tkxh gS] nwljh oks vka[k tks gjke dkeksa ij fuxkg Mkyus ls jksdh xbZ
gS ;k oks vka[k tks vk/kh jkr esa [+kkSQs bykgh dh otg ls jks iM+h FkhA
beke ckfd+jv-l vk;rs djhek %
jt+q fc vU; ;dwuw evy [kokfyfQ 10&9@87 ds ckjs esa Qjekrs gS fd
dqN yksxksa us ;g ilan fd;k gS fd oks [okfyQ ;kfu vkSjrksa ds lkFk jgsaA
t+Sn bCus beke t+Suqy vkfcnhuv-l us dgk fd fycklqr rd+ok ls
[+kqnk dh jkg esa gfFk;kj iks'k gksuk eqjkn gSA
502
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gS fd lcls igys ftlus jkgs [+kqnk
es ftgkn fd;k og gt+jr bczkghev-l gSA :fe;ksa us tc ml fgLls ij
geyk fd;k Fkk tgka gt+jr ywrvl jgrs Fks vkSj mudks d+Sn dj fy;k Fkk
tc bldh [k+cj gt+jr bczkghev-l dks gqbZ rks vki r'kjhQ ys x, vkSj
muds iatksa ls gt+jr ywr dks futkr fnykbZA gt+jr bczkghev-l us lcls
igys y'dj dk vye cuk;k FkkA
jkgs [+kqnk eas ?kksM+ksa dks vkjkLrk djus dh rjx+hckr dkjkgs [+kqnk eas ?kksM+ksa dks vkjkLrk djus dh rjx+hckr dkjkgs [+kqnk eas ?kksM+ksa dks vkjkLrk djus dh rjx+hckr dkjkgs [+kqnk eas ?kksM+ksa dks vkjkLrk djus dh rjx+hckr dkjkgs [+kqnk eas ?kksM+ksa dks vkjkLrk djus dh rjx+hckr dk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd ,s eqlyekuksa dq¶Qkj ds eqd+kcys
ds okLrs tgka rd rqels gks lds vius ckt+w ds t+ksj ls vkSj ca/ks gq, ?kksM+ksa
ls yM+kbZ dk lkeku eqg¸;k djks blls [+kqnk ds nq'euksa vkSj vius nq'eu
ij /kkd fcBk yksxsA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys
[+kqnklvo us Qjek;k fd [+kqnk ds ikl ,sls Qfj'rs gS tks ?kksM+ksa ds mu
ekfydksa ij nq:n Hkstrs gSa tks mudks [+kqnk dh jkg esa ftgkn djus ds
fy, lkt+ks lkeku ls vkjkLrk djrs gSaA veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gSa
fd tks 'k[+l [+kqnk dh jkg esa ftgkn djus ds fy, ?kksM+s dh ijofj'k
djsxk vkSj ?kksM+s ij lokj gksdj fudysxk rks mldh ?kkl mldk uD+'ks
d+ne vkSj gj oks pht ftl ij mlds iSj iM+s gksaxs mu reke dks cjkst+s
d+;ker mlds ehtku esa crkSj usdh;ksa ds 'kqekj fd;k tk,xkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l ls fjok;r gS jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us muls
Qjek;k fd ,s vyh [+kqnk dh jkg ds ftgkn ds fy, ftu ?kksM+ksa dks
cka/ks j[kk tkrk gS vkSj mu ij tks dqN [+kpZ fd;k tkrk gS ;g ogha
uQdk gS ftlds eqrkfYyd+ [+kqnk us bl vk;r djhek esa b'kkZn Qjek;k
gS fd %
vy yt+hu% ;qufQdwu% vEokygqe fcy&ySfy ou ugkfj flj~jo o
vykfu;ru 3&2@274A rtqZek % tks yksx jkr dks] fnu dks] Nqik ds]
fn[kk ds] [+kqnk dh jkg esa [kpZ djrs gSaA
503
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l Qjekrs gS fd nqfu;k esa ftu ?kksM+ksa ij
cSBdj eqtkfgnhu us ftgkn fd;k gksxk ogh ?kksM+s mudks tUur esa feysaxsA
vki ls eudwy gS fd jlwys [+kqnklvo us Qjek;k fd ,d erZck esjk ?kksM+k
ml oD+r fgufguk;k tcfd gt+jr ftczbZyv-l esjs ikl [kM+s FksA ftczbZyvl
eqLdqjk, eSaus muls iwNk fd ,s ftczbZyv-l eqLdqjkus dk D;k lcc gS
mUgksaus dgk fd eq>dks bl oD+r eqLdqjkus ls dkSu lh pht+ jksd ldrh
gS tcfd eSa ns[k jgk gw¡ fd eSnkus tax esa eqlyekuksa ds ?kksM+ksa dh vkokt+
ls dq¶Qkj ds fny /kM+d jgs gSa vkSj muds vkt+k yjt jgs gSaA
vki Qjekrs gSa fd ,d erZck ,d eqlyeku 'k[+l ?kksM+s ij
cSBdj jlwys vdjelvo ds ikl ls gksdj xqt+jkA mlus vkagt+jrl-v-o dks
lyke fd;k rks mldks jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us Qjek;k fd rqe nksuks ij lyke
gksA eaSus vt+Z fd;k fd ,s jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o D;k oks vdsyk u Fkk vkius
Qjek;k fd eSaus ml eqlyeku ij vkSj mlds ?kksM+s nksuksa ij lyke Hkstk
gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o dk ;g b'kkZn
gS fd nqfu;k dk gj [ksy&dwn ckfry gS flok, rhjankth vkSj vius ?kksM+ksa
dks fl?kkuk vkSj vius vgyks v;ky ds lkFk eqykbcr djuk ;g lc
lqUur gSA
veh:y eqfeuhuv-l ls fjok;r gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us Qjek;k
fd ?kksM+s dh pkSVh esa rk&d+;ker [ksjks cjdr cka/kk x;k gS vkSj ?kksM+ksa ds
ekfydku dks muls enn feyrh gSA mudh xnZu ds cky xehZ ds lkeku
gSa mudh pksfV;ka gqLu o teky gSa mudh nqe ¼eksjNy½ >kM+us dk lkeku
gSa buesa ls fdlh pht+ dks Hkh dkVus ls vkius euk Qjek;k gS vkSj vkius
mu dks [kLlh ¼ulcUnh½ djus ls Hkh euk fd;k gSA
jlwys vdjel-v-o dk b'kkZn gS fd ?kksM+ksa dh xnZuksa esa gkj igukvks]
vkSj muds xyksa esa rkUr ds rkj uk cka/kksA vkius ?kksM+ksa ds njfe;ku
eqlkfcd+r dh :[klr nh gS vkius ?kksM+ksa ds njfe;ku [+kqn eqlkfcdr
djokbZ gS vkSj mlds fy, dqN vksfd;k pkanh eqd+jZj fd;k FkkA vki
Qjekrs gS fd flok, bu rhu pht+ksa ds fdlh vkSj pht+ esa eqlkfcdr
tkbt+ ugha gSA
?kksM+ksa ds njfe;ku] Å¡Vksa ds njfe;ku] rhj vankth ds njfe;ku
eqlkfcd+r djuk tkbt+ gSA
504
vknkcs lQj dk c;kuvknkcs lQj dk c;kuvknkcs lQj dk c;kuvknkcs lQj dk c;kuvknkcs lQj dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj beke ckfd+jvl-
vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke vkSj jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ls eudwy gS vkius
Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ 'k[+l lQj ds fy, fudyrk gS vkSj mlus vius
vgyks v;ky dh fgQkt+r ds fy, nks jdkvr uekt+ i<+h gS rks ;g fdlh
vkSj dks d+kbe ed+ke cuus ls csgrj gS oks fudyrs oD+r tks uekt+ i<+rk
gS oks i<+us ds ckn ;g nqvk djs fd ijojfnxkj eSa viuh tku eky vgyks
v;ky nhu o nqfu;k vf[+kjr o vekur vkSj viuk vkf[+kjh vey rsjs
gokys djrk gw¡A vxj dksbZ eqfeu ,slk djsxk rks [+kqnk mldh gj eqjkn
dks iwjh djsxkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l Qjekrs gS fd esjs finj cqtqxZokj beke
ckfd+jv-l- ds ikl vkids vlgkc esa ls ,d 'k[+l fonk gksus ds fy, vk;k
Fkk D;ksafd oks lQj ij tk jgk FkkA ml 'k[+l ls vkius Qjek;k fd esjs
finj cqtqxZokj beke tS+uqyvkfcnhuv-l tc dHkh viuh tk;nkn dh
ns[k&Hkky ds fy, tkus dk bjknk Qjekrs rks vki ftl d+nz eqefdu
gksrk lnd+k djrs vkSj mlls vki [+kqnk ls viuh lykerh [kjhnrsA vki
;g ml oD+r djrs tc viuk iSj fjdkc esa j[krs vkSj tc lQj ls
c&[+kSfj;r ykSV vkrs rks [+kqnk dk 'kqØ vnk djrs vkSj tks Hkh curk
lnd+k djrsA bruk Qjekus ds ckn vkius ml 'k[+l dks fonk dj fn;k
vkSj og 'k[+l lQj ij pyk x;k ysfdu vkidh ulhgr ij mlus vey
u fd;k vkSj og jkLrs esa gykd gks x;kA tc ;g [+kcj beke ckfd+jv l
dks gqbZ rks vkius Qjek;k fd ml 'k[+l dks ulhgr rks dh xbZ ysfdu
, dk'k! mlus ulhgr ij vey Hkh fd;k gksrkA
,d erZck veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l us tc lQj dk d+Ln Qjek;k
rks vkius ?kksM+s ij cjkcj cSB tkus ds ckn ;g nqvk i<+h %
vygEnks fyYykfg lqCgkuYykfgy yt+h l[[kj% yuk gkt+k oek dqUuk
ygw eqd+fjuhu% o bUuk byk jfCcuk y&equd+fycwuA blds ckn rhu erZck
505
vkius lwjv% Qkrsgk i<+k fQj rhu erZck vYykgks vdcj dgk fQj ;g
nqvk i<h %
lqCgkud% vYykgqEe% bUuh t+yerks uQlh Qx+fQjyh bUugq yk ;x+fQ:t+
t+quwc% bYyk vUr% mlds ckn vki gals tc vkils iwNk x;k fd ,
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l vkids galus dk lcc D;k gS rks vkius Qjek;k fd
eSaus jlwys [+kqnkl v o dks blh rjg uekt+ i<+us ds ckn galrs gq, ns[kk FkkA
tc eSaus iwNk fd , iSaxEcjs [+kqnkl-v-o- vkids galus dk lcc D;k gS rks
vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k fd tc cUnk [+kqnk ls dgrk gS fd ijojfnxkj
rw eq>s ekQ dj ns rks mldks cUns ds ml d+kSy ij rvTtqc gksrk gS fd
mldk cUnk ;g tkurs gq, dgrk gS fd mlds flok dksbZ vkSj mlds
xqukg dks ekQ djus okyk ugha gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd ;g lQj dh lqUur gS fd tc dqN
yksx fey dj lQj djrs gksa rks mudks viuk viuk lQj [kpZ fudky
ysuk pkfg, vkSj fQj mldks bdV~Bk djds ,d lkFk [+kpZ djuk pkfg,A
D;ksafd blls gj ,d dks lgqfy;r vkSj [+kq'kh gkfly gksxh vkSj vkil esa
lykg o lQkbZ Hkh jgsxhA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls eudwy gS vkius
Qjek;k fd eqjOorsa nks fd+Le dh gS gt+j ¼?kj½ dh eqjOor vkSj lQj dh
eqjOorA il gt+j dh eqjOor frykors dqjvku vkSj efLtnksa esa uekt+ ds
fy, gkft+j gksuk vkSj usdks dh nksLrh vkSj bYes fQdg esa x+kSj djuk gS
vkSj lQj dh eqjOor t+kns jkg esa [+kpZ djuk gS vkSj mu #¶+d+k,
¼gelQj½ lQj ds f[+kykQ dqN Hkh u cksyuk tks lQj ls tc vyx gks
pqds gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS fd vki x+t+ok&,&rcwd ds ekSd+s ij
vkagt+jrl-v-o dks dqN nwj rd igq¡pkus x, Fks vkSj vkius x+t+ok , rcwd
esa blfy, 'kjhd u gks lds Fks fd vkagt+jrl v o us mudks enhus esa viuk
d+k;e ed+ke cuk;k FkkA vkSj tc vkagt+jrl-v-o x+t+ok&,&rcwd ls okil
gq, rks vki [+kqn vkagt+jrl-v-o ds bfLrd+cky ds fy, ugha x;s FksA
veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd tc lQj ij r'kjhQ ys
tkrs Fks rks ;g nqvk i<+rs Fks %
506
v'kgnks vu yk bykg% bYyYykgks ogngw o v'kgnks vUu% eksgEenu
vCngq o jlwyqgq vygEnks fyYykfgy yt+h gnkuk fyy bLykfe o
tvyuk feu [kSfj mEefru m[kfjtr fyuukfl lqCgkuy yt+h l[[kj%
yuk gkt+k oek dqUuk ygw eqd+fjuhu vYykgqEe% bUuh vÅt+ks fcd% feu
ov'kkbl lQfj o dkcfry eqUd+yfc o lwby eut+fj fQy vgfy oy
ekfy oy oyfn vYykgqEe% vUrl lfgcks fQl lQfj oy [kyhQrks
fQy vgfyy eqLrvkuks vyy vefj vrfo yuk vy cbZn% ol lg~fgy
yuy [k:ur% o vkfdQ%uk vy eqfgEe% bUud% vyk dqYys 'kSbu d+nhjA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us cks>k
<ksus okys vkSj lokjh ds tkuojksa ij mudh rkd+r ls T+;knk lkeku
yknus ls euk Qjek;k gSA vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k fd lokjh vkSj cks>k
<ksus ds tkuojksa dh ihB dks dqjfl;ka u cukvks D;ksafd lokjh ds vdlj
tkuoj cvt+ vkSd+kr vius lokj ls T+;knk vPNs gksrs gSa vkSj lokj ls
ogh T+;knk vYykg ds eqrhv o Qjekacjnkj gksrs gSa vkSj lokj ls dgha
T+;knk [+kqnk ds ft+Ø esa e'kxwy jgrs gSaA ,d erZck vkius ,d cks>k <ksus
okys tkuoj dks ns[kk ftl ij cgqr T+;knk cks> yknk x;k FkkA vkius
Qjek;k fd bl tkuoj dk ekfyd dgka gS tc ryk'k fd;k x;k rks oks
u feyk vkius Qjek;k fd mldks ;g gqDe lquk nks fd og d+;ker ds
fnu bl tkuoj ds lkFk [+kqlqer ds fy, rS;kj gks tk,A
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k gS fd
tkuojksa ds ekfydksa ij vius tkuojksa ds fy, ;g N% ckrs Qt+Z gSA
507
1½ lokj tc viuh lokjh ls mrjs rks QkSju pkjk f[kyk, 2½ tc ikuh
ds ikl ls xqt+j gks rks ikuh fiyk, 3½ vkSj tkuojksa dks gd+ ckr ij ekjs
4½ rkd+r ls T;knk cks> u ykns 5½ vkSj rkd+r ls T+;knk tkuoj dks u
pyk, 6½ vkSj mlds Åij fcyk t:jr cSBk u djsA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls tkuojksa dks vkx ls nkx+us dh ckcr
iwNk x;k rks vkius Qjek;k fd vxj fu'kkuh ds fy, nkx+k tk, rks dksbZ
gtZ ugha gS ysfdu vkius tkuojksa ds eqag ij nkx+us ls euk Qjek;k gSA
vkils ejoh gS fd ,d erZck vkagt+jrlvo us ,d 'k[+l dks vius Å¡V ij
ykvur Hkstrs gq, lquk rks vkius mlls Qjek;k fd rw ykSV tk vkSj
gekjs lkFk eyÅu Å¡V ij u py vkSj veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- tkuojksa dks
xkfy;k¡ nsuk uk ilUn djrs FksA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd ,d erZck vkius Qjek;k fd
d+le gS ml [+kqnk dh ftlus eqgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- dks uch cukdj
ecÅl fd;k gS vkSj jlwys vdjel-v-o ds t+fj, vkids vgys cSr dks
bT+t+r c[+'kh gS rqe yksx nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh esa ftu ckrksa ls nks pkj gq,
gks oks lc dqjvkus gdhe eas ekStwn gSA il bl ckjs esa vkt tks 'k[+l pkgs
eq>ls iwN ldrk gS ml oD+r ,d 'k[+l mBk vkSj dgus yxk fd ,s
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- esjk lokjh dk tkuoj cM+k gh vfM+;y gks x;k gS
eSa mlls cgqr [+kkSQt+nk jgk djrk gwaA vkius Qjek;k fd mlds nkfgus
dku esa bl vk;r dks i<+ks %
o ygw vlye% eu fQl lekokfr oy vjfn rksvu o djgu o bySfg
;qjtÅu 3&3@83 pqukapk mlus tc bl ij vey fd;k rks mldk
tkuoj fcYdqy eqrhv gks x;kA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us nq'euksa dh
rjg dqjvku ysdj lQj djus ls bl [+kkSQ ls euk Qjek;k gS fd
dqjvku eq'kfjdhu ds gkFk es u igq¡ap tk,A vkSj vkius rUgk lQj djus
ls euk Qjek;k gSA vkius Qjek;k gS fd rUgk 'k[+l ,d 'kSrku gS vkSj
nks 'k[+l gks rks nks 'kSrku gS vkSj rhu gelQj gks rks ;g ,d tekvr
gS vkius Qjek;k gS fd oks 'k[+l tks tkuoj ij lokj gS iSny pyus okys
508
ls T;knk gd+nkj gS fd og jkLrs ds chp ls pys vkSj uaxs ikao okyk twrk
igudj pyus okys ls T;knk gd+nkj gS fd og jkLrs ds chp ls pysA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls fjok;r gS vki Qjekrs gSa fd ,d erZck
ge yksx vkagt+jrl-v-o ds lkFk ,d xt+ok esa Fks tc yksxksa dh HkhM+&HkkM+
ls jkLrk rax gks x;k rks vkagt+jrl-v-o us ,d equknh dks bl ckr ds
,syku djus dk gqDe fn;k fd tks 'k[+l jkLrk rax djsxk mldk ftgkn
ed+cwy u gksxkA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k gS
fd vYykg rvkyk ujeh dks ilUn djrk gS vkSj bl jkg esa yksxksa dh
enn djrk gS il tc rqe bu xwaxs tkuojksa ij lokjh djks vkSj cs vkcks
x;k catj tehu ls rqEgkjk xqt+j gks rks ml oD+r rst j¶rkjh ds lkFk
xqt+j tkvks rkfd rqe bl t+ehu ls bl gkyr esa fudy tkvks fd
tkuoj d+oh gks det+ksj u gks vkSj vxj ljlCt+ t+ehu ij xqt+j gks rks
ogka eaftyksa ij mrj tkvks vkSj jkr esa pyk djks D;ksafd fnu ls T;knk
jkr esa eaftys r; gksrh gSaA jkLrksa ds iq'r dks viuh eafty u cukvks
D;ksafd ogk¡ nfjans o lk¡i jgrs gSA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck
ge yksx vkagt+jrlvo ds lkFk ,d x+t+ok esa 'kjhd FksA lQj bruk njkt+
gks x;k fd iSny pyus okys Fkd dj pwj gks x, il oks yksx ,d fnu
lQ cLrk gksdj [kM+s gks x,A tc vkidk ogk¡ ls xqt+j gqvk rks mu yksxksa
us vkagt+jrl-v-o dh f[+kner d vtZ+ fd;k fd ,s jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o lQj
cgqr rohy gks x;k gS vkSj gedks cgqr e'kD+d+rsa igq¡p pqdh gSa vkSj ge
vc iSny pyu ls vkftt+ vkSj ijs'kku gks pqds gSaA ml oD+r vkagt+jrl-
v-o us muds gd+ esa nqvk&,&[+kSj QjekbZ vkSj mudks lokc dh rjx+hc nh
vkSj muls Qjek;k fd rqe yksx tYnh&tYnh d+ne mBkdj pyks blls
rqEgkjh vdlj rdyhQsa nQk gks tk;saxhA pqukps mu yksxksa us bl ij tc
vey fd; rks mudh cgqr lh rdkyhQ nwj gks xbZA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k gS
fd vehjs d+kSe dks lcls lqLr j¶rkj ?kksM+s ij lokj gksuk pkfg, rkfd
det+ksj yksx mlds ge fjdkc gksdj py ldsaA
beke gqlSuv-l- ls eudwy gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd
esjh mEer ds yksx tc fd'rh esa lokj gksrs oD+r
509
fcfLeYyfg jZgekfu jZghe oek d+n:Yykg% gD+d+% d+nfjgh oy vjnks
tehvu dCt+rqgw ;kSey fd+;kefr ol lekokrks erfo¸;krqu fc&;ehfugh
lqCgkugq o rvkyk vEek ;q'fjdqu fcfLeYykg etfjgk o eqjlkgk bUu%
jCch y xQw:j jghe i<+rs gSa rks xd+Z gksus ls egQwt jgrs gSaA
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- Qjekrs gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[+l fd'rh ls
lokj gks rks %
fcfLeYykfg etfjgk o eqjlkgk bUu% jCch y&xQw:j jghe vkSj blds
ckn
vYykgqEe% ckfjd yuk Qh ejdfcuk o vgflu lsjuk o vfQuk feu
'kj~fj cgfjuk i<+saA
lkfgckus vez ds gqdwd+ vkSj muds Qjkbt+ dk c;kulkfgckus vez ds gqdwd+ vkSj muds Qjkbt+ dk c;kulkfgckus vez ds gqdwd+ vkSj muds Qjkbt+ dk c;kulkfgckus vez ds gqdwd+ vkSj muds Qjkbt+ dk c;kulkfgckus vez ds gqdwd+ vkSj muds Qjkbt+ dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
vrhmYykg% o vrhmjlwy% o mfyy vefj feudqe rtqZek % brkvr
djks vYykg dh vkSj mlds jlwy ¼eqgEen eqLrQkl-v-o½ dh vkSj rqeesa ls
tks lkfgckus vez gS mudh brkvr djksA il bl vk;rs djhek esa myqy
vez ¼lkfgckus vez½ ls oks vbEek rkfgjhuv-l eqjkn gS ftuds d+Cts esa nhu
ds reke mewj gksrs gSa vkSj oks lkfgckus vez esa ls gSa ftldks vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l us vehj eqd+jZj Qjek;k gSA il mldh brkvr Hkh mUgha dh
510
brkvr dh rjg ml oD+r rd okftc gS tc rd fd og [+kqn vbEek
rkfgjhuv-l- dh brkvr ij ykft+e gks vxj oks eqd+jZj fd;k gqvk vehj
rkfgjhu dk ckx+h vkSj vklh ¼xqukgxkj½ gks tk, rks mldh fcYdqy
brkvr u djuh pkfg, vkSj vxj oks mu yksxksa dh ftu ij bldks vehj
eqd+jZj fd;k x;k gS [+kqnk dh fdrkc dqjvku ikd vkSj vbEek rkfgjhuvl
ds gqDe ds f[+kykQ nkvor djs rks ,sls nkbZ dh brkvr okftc ugha gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck
vkagt+jrl-v-o us ,d eqfge ij ,d y'dj jokuk fd;k vkSj vulkj esa ls
,d 'k[+l dks y'dj dk vehj cuk fn;k vkSj yksxksa dks mldh brkvr
dk gqDe Qjek;kA ,d fnu dk ft+Ø gS fd og y'dj ds yksxksa ij
xt+cukd gks x;k muls dgus yxk fd D;k jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us rqe yksxksa
dks esjh brkvr djus dk gqDe ugha Qjek;k\ yksxksa us dgk fd gk¡A mlus
dgk fd il eSa rqedksa gqDe nsrk gw¡ fd tkvks esjs fy, ydfM+;ka tek
djksA il tc oks ydfM+;k tek dj pqds rks ml vehj us dgk fd mlesa
vkx yxk nks mUgksaus mlesa vkx yxk nh fQj muls dgk fd rqe ykssx
vkx esa dwn tkvks mUgksaus mldk bjknk gh fd;k Fkk fd oks ckge
,d&nwljs dks idM+us yxs vkSj dgus yxs fd ge yksxksa us rks nkst+[k dh
vkx ls gh cpus ds fy, rks jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o dk nkeu idM+k Fkk pqukps oks
blh xq¶rxq esa el:Q Fks fd vkx BaMh gks xbZ vkSj vehj dk xqLlk Hkh
BaMk gks x;kA tc bldh [+kcj jlwys vdjel-v-o dks igq¡ph rks vkius
Qjek;k fd vxj oks ml vkx esa dwn tkrs rks rk&d+;ker blls ckgj
u fudyrsA brkvr rks Qd+r usdh ds dke esa okftc gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd e[+kywd+ ds ftl
gqDe dh brkvr ls [kkfyd+ dh uk&Qjekuh gksrh gks rks ,sls gqDe dh
brkvr u djuh pkfg,A
vehjs d+kSe dks [+kqn vius u¶l dk tk;t+k ysuk pkfg,vehjs d+kSe dks [+kqn vius u¶l dk tk;t+k ysuk pkfg,vehjs d+kSe dks [+kqn vius u¶l dk tk;t+k ysuk pkfg,vehjs d+kSe dks [+kqn vius u¶l dk tk;t+k ysuk pkfg,vehjs d+kSe dks [+kqn vius u¶l dk tk;t+k ysuk pkfg,
bl flyflys esa tks okftckr gS mldk c;kubl flyflys esa tks okftckr gS mldk c;kubl flyflys esa tks okftckr gS mldk c;kubl flyflys esa tks okftckr gS mldk c;kubl flyflys esa tks okftckr gS mldk c;ku
,s oks balku tks ckn'kkg Hkh gS vkSj eeywd ¼xqyke½ Hkh gS ;kn dj
fd rw igys fdl gky esa Fkk vkSj vkt rw D;k gks x;k gSA ,s 'k[+l ¼vehj½
511
rw ml pht+ dks vius u¶l ds fy, fxjgcka/k ys tks nkbeh gS vkSj vgns
ekt+h ¼igys½ dks vgns eqLrd+fcy ¼vkus okys dy½ ds fy, nyhy cuk
vkSj lcls igys rw [+kqn viuh tku dks ulhgr dj vkSj rw vius
[+kkl&[+kkl ekeykr esa vkSj rq> ij D;k&D;k Qjkbt+ vk;n gksrs gSa vkSj
rsjs D;k&D;k gqdwd+ gSa mu reke ij x+kSjks&fQØ djA il ;kn j[k fd
[+kqnk oUns rvkyk ds ut+nhd cUns dks D;k vtz o lokc feysaxs mldk
irk cUns ds vius vkeky ls T+;knk dksbZ vkSj pht ugha crk ldrh gS
vkSj yksxksa ds fnyksa esa bldh D;k d+nz o eaftyr gS mldk Hkh irk mlds
vklkj gh crkrs gSaA il rw vius [kkl&[kkl ekeykr vkSj vius u¶l ds
ckjs esa [+kqnk dk [+kkSQ j[k vkSj rq> ij [+kqnk oUns rvkyk us tks Qjkbt+
vk;n fd, gSa bl flyflys esa [+kqnk dks fuxjk¡ le> vkSj [+kkdlkjh ds
lkFk [+kqnk dh bcknr dj D;ksafd mlus rq>dks cqyUn fd;k gS vkSj blds
fy, Hkh fd bfUdlkjh vkSj rokt+ksv mcwfn;r dh [+kkfl;r gS vkSj fdcj
¼cM+Iiu½ o x+q:j jcqfc;r dh [kqlqfl;r gSa vkSj ;kn j[k fdlh ,sls
^^ed+ke** dh ryc tks rsjk gd+ ugha gS rq>s fe;kuk joh ¼njfe;kuh pky½
ls gVk u ns vkSj ;kn j[k dh [+kqnk dh oks usveras tks mlus rq>dks c[+'kh
gSa dgh og rq>dks [+kqnk ds gqdwd+ dh rkvt+he ls x+kfQy vkSj vkis ls
ckgj u dj nsA [+kqnk oUns rvkyk dk gd+ rq> ij vt+er ds ,rckj ls
cs bufrgk gS vkSj ;kn j[k ;g u le>us yxuk fd bl oD+r ijojfnxkjs
vkye us rq>dks tks bT+t+r o djker c['kh gS mlls rqe ij [+kqnk ds
gqdqd+ o Qjkbt+ dqN lkfd+r gks x, gSa vkSj ethn&cjvka rqe bl ckr
ds eqLrgd+ gks x, gks fd rqels bcknr ds nq'okj dke dk cks> mrkj
fn;k tk, vkSj fQj rqe 'kgorksa vkSj [+okfg'kkrs u¶lkuh ds nfj;k esa x+dZ+
gks tkvksA il rqe ;d+hu j[kks fd vxj rqeus ,slk fd;k rks rqEgkjs fny
ij esy te tk,xk vkSj tks vkeky rw dj pqdk gS mudk vatke cqjk
gksxkA il rw viuh d+nz o eaftyr dks igpku vkSj vius urkbt dks
vPNh rjg ls ;kn dj vkSj vius fny dks urkbt ij x+kSjks fQØ dk
vknh cuk D;ksafd tks 'k[+l ftl pht+ dh fQØ esa yxk jgsxk og mldks
vdlj ;kn djsxk vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks mlesa [kwc x+kSjks fQØ ls
dke yks vkSj tks rqEgkjs 'kjhdsdkj gSa mudh ckcr Hkh [kqc x+kSjks fQØ djks
vkSj ;kn j[kks fd rqe x+k;r njts esa vius fdlh ft+Unk 'k[+l dh ekSr
ls fudy tkus okys ugh gksA D;ksafd d+ckgr dh ?kM+h rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs
512
vk jgh gS vkSj og pht ftlls rqe vius Qjkbt+ vnk djrs gks rqels
t+jk Hkh rqEgkjh bu fyT+t+rks dks d+rv djus okyh ugha gS rks rqEgkjs fy,
gyky gS gkykafd rqe fe;kuk joh dks NksM+dj mu cs&uQk csdkj ckrksa
dh tkfuc ekby gks tkvks fd ftuls rqedks flQZ uqd+lku gh igqapus
okyk gS vkSj rqe vius lj ij ,slk cks> mBk yks ftlesa flQZ rqEgkjh
vka[kksa dks gh gt+ feyus okyk gS vkSj mlds ihNs rqEgkjs flok fdlh vkSj
ds fy, Hkh dksbZ Qk;nk ugha gSA
tc lwjrs gky ;g gS rks rqedks pkfg, fd ,slh pht+ dh reUuk
vkSj [okfg'k de djks vkSj mlds urhts ls csbafrgk MjksA
vehjs y'dj dks fgnk;rvehjs y'dj dks fgnk;rvehjs y'dj dks fgnk;rvehjs y'dj dks fgnk;rvehjs y'dj dks fgnk;r
vkSj bcjr fnykuk mu yksxksa ds ft+Ø ls tks muls igysvkSj bcjr fnykuk mu yksxksa ds ft+Ø ls tks muls igysvkSj bcjr fnykuk mu yksxksa ds ft+Ø ls tks muls igysvkSj bcjr fnykuk mu yksxksa ds ft+Ø ls tks muls igysvkSj bcjr fnykuk mu yksxksa ds ft+Ø ls tks muls igys
xqt+j pqds gSaAxqt+j pqds gSaAxqt+j pqds gSaAxqt+j pqds gSaAxqt+j pqds gSaA
x+kSj dj ,s balku tks ckn'kkg cuk;k x;k gS vkSj eeywd Hkh gS
;kndj dgka gS rsjs cki&nknk vkSj dgka gS oks ckn'kkg vkSj muds 'kgt+kns
tks rqEgkjs nq'euksa esa ls Fks vkSj tc ls ;g nqfu;k oqtqn esa vkbZ gS ml
oD+r ls mldks [kkrs jgs gSa il rw Hkh ogh [kkrk gS ftldh rjQ oks b'kkjk
dj x, gS vkSj rw Hkh ogh fut+ke pykrk gS tks oks pykdj x, gS vkSj
Hkyk lksp rks fd dgka gSa oks [kt+kus ftudks mUgksaus tek fd;k Fkk vkSj
dgka gSa muds oks vtlke ftudks og cM+h jkgr igqapkrs Fks vkSj dgka gSa
muds oks 'kgt+kns ftudks og bT+t+r o djker nsrs Fks D;k rqedks ml
oD+r mudh cjk, uke Hkh dksbZ uLy ut+j vkrh gS vkSj mueas ls dksbZ
xqeuke 'k[+l ekStwn gSA il [+kqnk ds ftu ,glkukr dh mEehn djrs Fks
vxj mlus rqe ij dqN ,glku fd, gSa rks mudks ;kn djks vkSj ulhc
ij gjfxt+ rqEgkjh u¶lkfu;r x+kfyc u gksus ik, vkSj ;kn j[kuk rqEgkjs
vius 'kgt+knksa ij ujeh vkSj 'kQD+d+r dgha rqedks muds fy, eky o
nkSyr tek djus ij vkeknk u dj ns vkSj oks eky o nkSyr [+kqnk ds ml
QSlys ds njfe;ku gkby gks tk,a tks mlus muds f[+kykQ QSlys fd,
gaS vkSj ml QSlys dks ukfQt+ djus dk bjknk Hkh dj pqdk gS vxj rqeus
,slk fd;k rks rqe viuh tku dks nwljks ds ekeykr esa iM+ dj gykd
513
djksxs vkSj rqe viuh tku dks ml 'k[+l ds ,s'k o vkjke igq¡pkus ds fy,
e'kD+d+r esa Mkyksxs tks rqEgkjk dqN Hkh [;ky ugha djrk vkSj uk rqEgkjs
nq[k o nnZ dk mldks ,glkl gS vkSj rqe ekSr vkSj mldh vpkud vkus
okyh eqlhcr dks ;kn djks vkSj rqe ekSr ds tYn ukft+y gksus ls vius
dks egQwt+ u le>ks vkSj nqfu;k ds t+oky dks [+kwc ;kn djks vkSj
bufd+ykcs t+ekuk dks ;kn djks vkSj rqeus vius lkFk vkSj nwljksa ds lkFk
nwfu;k ds cnyrs gq, jax dks ns[kk gS mldks ;kn djksA
blesa 'kd ugh fd rqe vke bUlku esa ls fcYdqy u, ugh gks il
rqe ckn'kkgksa dh c<+kbZ vkSj x+q:j vkSj gqnwns lyrur ds muds tcz o
r'kíwn vkSj viuh iztk ij muds ?keaM dks ,sc le>rs Fks vkSj rqe 'kkuks
'kkSdr dh rjQ ckn'kkgksa ds nkSM+dj tkus dks vkSj muds ekfyd lt+kvks
dks vkSj nj xqt+j vkSj jgeksdje dh jkg NksM+ nsus dks vkSj muds ekfyd
cuus vkSj x+yck ikus dh cqjh jkg dks vkSj ekrgrkssa ds lkFk tq+Ye o tksj
ls is'k vkus dks vkSj vius vatke ds ckjs esa de x+kSjks fQØ djus dks
mudh ekSr ls rohy x+Qyr dks vkSj 'kgorksa esa [kwc jx+cr j[kus dks vkSj
usfd;ksa dks de ;kn j[kus dks vkSj vYykg rvkyk ds bafrd+ke dh ckcr
de x+kSjks fQØ djus dks vkSj bcjrks ls de Qk;nk mBkus dks vkSj
rx+ ;qjkr ds fy, veu o pSu esa vjls rd jgus dks vkSj muds ljks ij
xqt+jrs gq, gkykr ls de ulhgr idM+us dks vkSj muds flQZ olwy
djrs gh jgus dh [okfg'k vkSj tks nwljksa dks nsuk okftc gS mldks de
nsus dh [okfg'k dks vkSj det+ksjksa ij vjlk njkt rd lf[r;k¡ djus dks
vkSj mudh ;g [okfg'k fd nwljs bZlkj ¼cnkZ'r½ djrs jgs vkSj og [+kqn
ut+jkus ys vkSj bljkj ij ykft+e jgs vkSj ftl dke ds fy, oks iSnk
fd, x, gS mlls muds x+kfQy jgus dks vkSj tks dqN vey dj pqds gS
mldks ekewyh le>us dks vkSj tks Qjkbt+ mu ij vk;n fd, x, Fks
mudks t+k;k dj nsus dks rqe ckn'kkgks dk ,sc le>rs FksA D;k ckn'kkgksa
ds f[kykQ rqEgkjh ;g lc ,sc tksbZ cj&fcuk, ulhgr Fkh vkSj rqe muds
mu reke vQvky dks dchg le>rs Fks\ ;k muds ,s'kks vkjke dks
ns[kdj rqe muls j'd o gln dh otg ls ,sc fudkyrs Fks il vxj
rqeus cj&fcuk, ulhgr muds vkeky o vQvky dks ,sc le>k Fkk rks
vkt rqe [+kqn bl ckr ds T+;knk eqLrfgd+ gks fd viuh tku dks ulhgr
djks vkSj vxj j'd o gln dh otg ls rqe ckn'kkgksa dh ,sc&tksbZ djrs
514
Fks rks rqEgh crkvks fd D;k rqEgkjs ikl [+kqnk dh dqnjr o egkurk ls
cpus ds fy, dksbZ veku dk lkeku gS ;k rqEgkjs ikl [+kqnk ds vt+kc ls
cpus dk dksbZ vkSj t+fj;k gS ;k fQj rqe [+kqnk dh usverksa dh otg ls
vc mldh jt+k tksbZ ls eqLrx+uh vkSj csfu;kt gks pqds gksA ;k [+kqnk oUns
rvkyk us rqedks ftl djker vkSj bT+t+r ls uokt+k gS mldh otg ls
rqe [+kqnk dh ukjkt+xh esa bt+kQk djus ij vkSj mldh uk Qjekuh ij
gkft+j jgus ds fy, rkd+roj cu x, gks ;k fQj rqEgkjs fy, Hkkx dj
tkus dh dksbZ ,slh txg gS tgk¡ rqe [+kqnk ds vt+kc ls egQwt+ gks x,A
;k vYykg rvkyk ds flok rqEgkjk dksbZ vkSj ijojfnxkj gS ftlds ikl
rqe tkdj iukg gkfly djksxs ;k rqedks [+kqnk ds vt+kc ij lcz djus
dh dqOor gkfly gS ;k nqfu;k ds ?ksjksa esa ls rqedks fdlh ,sls ?ksjs dh
mEehn gS tks rqedks [+kqnk dh dqnjr ls ckgj fudky ds fdlh vkSj dh
dqnjr ds lqiqnZ dj ns il rqe viuh tku ds fy, bu reke mewj esa
vPNh rjg ls x+kSjks fQØ dj yks vkSj mlesa viuh vD+y vkSj dqOor]
fQØ dks dke esa ykvks vkSj bl ckr dks vius fny ds lkeus ckj&ckj
ykvks vkSj rqe vPNh rjg ls tku yks fd tSls rqe nwljksa ds gky ij
ut+j j[krs gks oSls gh yksx rqEgkjs gky ij Hkh ut+j j[krs gSa vkSj ftl
rjg ls rqe nwljks ds eqrkfYyd+ cksyrs gks oSls gh oks rqEgkjs eqrkfYyd+ Hkh
dgrs gSa t+jk ns[kks rks dgka gS ckn'kkg\ vkSj dgka gS tek fd, gq, oks
lkt+ks lkeku ftudh cnkSyr mueas ,sc fudkys x, Fks vkSj muds ckjs esa
tks tks ckrsa dh xbZ Fkh\ t+jk lkspks rks fd oks vius lkt+ks lkeku esa ls
vius lkFk D;k&D;k ys x, vkSj vius ckn vkus okyksa ds fy, D;k D;k
NksM+ x,\ rqe vius gky vkSj vius gefely xqft+'rk yksxksa ds gky ij
x+kSj djks vkSj rqeus vkSj mu yksxksa us tks dqN tek fd;k Fkk ml ij Hkh
x+kSj djks D;k muesa ls dksbZ Hkh viuk og [kt+kuk ckd+h j[k ldk tc
mldks Nhu ysus dk [+kqnk us bjknk dj fy;k Fkk vkSj D;k rqe tc
cs[kt+kuk Fks rks [+kqnk us tc ml ckn'kkgr dks rqEgkjs gokys djus dk
bjknk fd;k rks fdlh vkt+kj ¼chekjh½ esa eqcfryk gks x,\ il rqe ;g u
le>ks fd ;g [kt+kus rqedks Qk;nk nsaxsA bu [kt+kuksa ij vkt Hkh Hkjkslk
u djks vkSj dy ds fy, buls fdlh uQk dh mEehn u j[kks cfYd rqe
nwljh reke pht+ksa ls T+;knk mu [kt+kuksa ls Mjks vkSj vius ut+nhd muds
vUtke dks cgqr T+;knk osg'kr&ukd rlOoqj djksA rqe uQk vkSj Qk;ns
515
ds ,srckj ls vPNs vkeky djks vius ut+nhd T+;knk egcwc vkSj T+;knk
dkfcy [+kRe uk gksus okyk [+kt+kuk le>ks vkSj mEnk vklkj dks fxjg
cka/k yks il fcyk 'kqCgk vxj rqe usd vkeky esa viuh u¶lkfu;r dks
dke esa ykvksxs vksj nwljh ckrksa ls viuh u¶lkuh [+okfg'k dk :[+k eksM+
nksxs rks rqEgkjk jatksx+e de gks tk,xk vkSj fQj rqe ,'kks vkjke ds lkFk
csfQØ [+kq'kxokj ftanxh xqt+kjksaxs vkSj eky o nkSyr tek djus okys
ftruk vius t+[khjs ls [kq'k gksrs gSa mlls dgha T+;knk rqe vius usd
vkeky vkSj t+ksgn o rd+ok dks vQt+y rjhu ckbls eljZr vkSj vka[kkas
dh BaMd le>ks vkSj ;kn j[kks rqe t+[+khjk vUnkst+h ¼tek[+kksjh½ vkSj [kpZ
djus esa e;kuk joh bf[r;kj djks vkSj rqe gjke eky o nkSyr dks cgqr
T+;knk tek djds mls dqOor u le>ks vkSj ukgd+ cf[+'k'kksa dh rd+lhe
dks l[+kkor u le>ksA D;ksafd ;g nksuks ,d nwljs dks feVk nsaxs vycRrk
dqOor vkSj l[+kkor rks ;g gS fd rqe viuh u¶lkuh [+okfg'k ij d+kcw
j[kksA vkSj rqEgkjs fy, tks dqN gyky gS mldks ysus esa cq[+y ls dke yks
vkSj rqe ij tks okftc gS mldh l[+kkor djks ml jkg esa vius bYe ls
Qk;nk mBkvks vkSj vius x+Sjks ds tks gkykr rqeus viuh vka[kksa ls ns[ks gSa
muls bcjr vkSj ulhgr idM+ks vkSj gj vez dks ukfQt+ ¼tkjh½ djrs
oD+r ml vkfey dh rjg vius u¶l ds lkFk [+kqlwer ¼d+kcw½ djks tks
gd+ ds fy, tíks&tgn djrk gS vkSj vYykg ds fy, vkSj yksxksa ds fy,
bUlkQ djrs oD+r viuh tku ds lkFk eqjOor vkSj dksbZ fygkt+ ugha
djrk vkSj tgka dksbZ cgkuk u gks ogk [+okgeks [+okg viuh tku ds fy,
dksbZ vtz ryk'k ugha djrk vkSj gykdr ds tky esa Qalus ds fy, viuh
u¶lkuh [+okfg'k dh iSjoh ugha djrk vxjps blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha gS fd
uQlkfu;r dk QkSjh urhtk cM+k yt+ht+ gksrk gS exj ckn esa bldk
vatke [+krjukd vkSj rdyhQnsg gksrk gSA
516
lkfgckus vez dks viuh fjvk;k vkSj viuh tkuksa dslkfgckus vez dks viuh fjvk;k vkSj viuh tkuksa dslkfgckus vez dks viuh fjvk;k vkSj viuh tkuksa dslkfgckus vez dks viuh fjvk;k vkSj viuh tkuksa dslkfgckus vez dks viuh fjvk;k vkSj viuh tkuksa ds
lkFk vnyks balkQ ls is'k vkus dk gqDe vkSj bldklkFk vnyks balkQ ls is'k vkus dk gqDe vkSj bldklkFk vnyks balkQ ls is'k vkus dk gqDe vkSj bldklkFk vnyks balkQ ls is'k vkus dk gqDe vkSj bldklkFk vnyks balkQ ls is'k vkus dk gqDe vkSj bldk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
viuh jb¸;r ¼fjvk;k dk cgwopu½ ds lkFk vius fny dks jsger
vkSj eqgCcr vkSj gqLus lqyqd ls is'k vkus dk 'kÅj fnykvksa muds lkFk
nfjanksa tSlk lqyqd u djks vkSj viuh fjvk;k dh NksVh&NksVh Hkwy dks
x+uher le>ks D;ksafd ;g yksx fulcru rqEgkjs HkkbZ gSa vkSj e[+kywd+ gksus
ds ,rckj ls rqEgkjs ge 'kDy gSa fjvk;k ls cs'kqekj xyfr;k¡ gksrh gSa vkSj
vlckc o tokcnkjh Hkh mrus gh muds lkeus vkrs gSa vkSj d+ln o bjknk
vkSj [krk esa muds gkFk py iM+rs gS il rqe mudks blh rjg ekQ dj
nks tSlk fd rqe ;g pkgrs gks fd tks t+kr rqEgkjs vkSj rqEgkjh fjvk;k ds
flj ij gS og rqedksa ekQ dj ns vYykg rvkyk us muds t+jh, rqedks
vkt+ek;k gS vkSj rqedks muds mewj dk ekfyd cuk;k gS vkSj [+kqnk us
rqedks vn~y o eqgCcr vkSj njxqt+j dh tks evfjQr vrk dh gS og rqe
ij [+kqnk dh gqTtr ds rkSj ij gSA il rqe gjfxt+ gjfxt+ [+kqnk dh
eqgCcr dks rdZ djus ds eqLrgd+ ugha gks vkSj rqe gjfxt+ [+kqnk ls tax
djus ds fy, vius u¶l dks lkeus u ykvks D;ksafd [+kqnkbZ bUrsd+ke ls
cpus ds fy, rqEgkjs ikl pkjkgdkj ugha gS vkSj [+kqnk dh jger vkSj
cf[+'k'k ls rqe csfu;kt+ Hkh ugh gks vkSj ;kn j[kks rqe fdlh dks lt+k nsus
esa gjfxt+ tYnh ls dke u ysuk vkSj vpkud is'k vkus okys gknls esa
vxj fdukjk d'kh dk jkLrk gks rks mleas tYnckt+h ls dke u yks vkSj
[kcjnkj rqe gjfxt+ ;g uk dgrs fQjuk fd eSa vehj ¼oyh my vez½ gw¡
eq>s bl ckr dk bf[+r;kj gS fd eSa tks pkgq lks d:¡ vxj rqeus ,slk dgk
rks blls cM+h rst j¶rkjh ds lkFk rqEgkjk vey VwV dj fQj tk,xk vkSj
tc rqe viuh [+kq'kgkyh ij ukt+ djus yxks vkSj vpkud rqedks vt+er
o cqtqxhZ gkfly gks xbZ gks vkSj bldh otg ls rqEgkjs vanj bruk ?keaM
iSnk gks x;k gks fd rqe brjkus yxs gks vkSj rqe bl vt+er dh cnkSyr
vius ekrgr yksxksa ij vkSj d+kfnj cu x, gks rks ml oD+r rqe ij [+kqnk
dh tks dqnjr gS mldh vt+er dks ;kn djks vkSj rqe ekSr vkSj ekSr ds
ckn tks dqN gksus okyk gS bles x+kSjksaa&fQØ djks D;ksafd tc rqe ml ij
517
x+kSj djksxs rks rqEgkjk Q[kjks&x+q:j de gks tk,xk vkSj vius brjkus ls
ckt+ vk tkvksxs vkSj rqe vius u¶l esa ftu ckrksa dks cqtqxhZ vkSj vt+er
dk ekStc le> cSBs gks og rqEgkjh vka[kksa esa gd+hj vkSj ekewyh gks tk,xh
vkSj [kcjnkj rqe dHkh&Hkh [+kqnk dh vt+er o tcjfj;r esa eqd+kcyk vkSj
cjkcjh dk rlOoqj Hkh uk djuk vkSj [+kqnk ds eqYd esa mlds lkFk /
kksdkckt+h u djuk D;ksafd [+kqnk oUns rvkyk gj tcj djus okys dks
t+yhy vkSj /kksdsckt+ dks gdhj cukus okyk gSA rqe viuh tku vkSj vius
vgyks&v;ky vkSj vius [+okl dh rjQ ls fcyk fdlh fj;kvr ds yksxksa
ds lkFk balkQ djks vxj rqeus balkQ u fd;k rks rqe t+qYe djksxs vkSj
tks 'k[+l vYykg ds cUnks ij t+qYe djsxk rks [+kqnk vius canksa dh rjQ
ls [+kqn mlds eqd+kfcy esa [kqlwer ds fy, [kM+k gksxkA vkSj ftlds lkFk
[+kqlwer djus okyk [+kqn vYykg rvkyk gks ;g [+kqnk ds lkFk tax djuk
gksxkA ;gka rd dh [+kqnk mldks ilik dj nsxkA t+qYe djus ij bljkj
djus ls c<+dj [+kqnk dh usverksa esa rcnhy djus okyh vkSj mlds
bUrsd+ke dks tYn cqykus okyh dksbZ vkSj nwljh pht+ ugha gS D;ksafd blesa
dksbZ 'kqcg ugha gS fd vYykg rvkyk gj et+ywe dh Qfj;kn dks lqurk
gS vkSj [+kqnk oUns rvkyk t+qYe djus okyksa dk nq'eu gSA vkSj ftldk
nq'eu [+kqnk gksxk oks nqfu;k vkSj vkf[+kjr nksuksa txg gykd gksus okyk
gS vkSj eht+kus gd+ esa eqvkeykr dk njfe;kuh fgLlk rqedks T+;knk
ilanhnk gksuk pfkg, vkSj chp dk ;g jkLrk [+kqnk dh brkvr vkSj voke
dh [kq'kh dk fugk;r gh tkesv jkLrk gS vkSj fjvk;k esa ls ,d QnZ Hkh
jtk&tksbZ esa okyh ij T;knk ckjs fxjka ugha gS vkSj u dksbZ vkt+ekbZ'k ds
oD+r enn esa T;knk deh djus okyk gS vkSj u muesa dksbZ bljkj ds lkFk
ekaxus okyk gS vkSj u mlds lkFk tc fn;k tk, rks dksbZ de 'kqØ vnk
djus okyk gS vkSj u nsjh ds oD+r dksbZ cgkuk gS vkSj u fjvk;k esa dksbZ
elkbc ds oD+r [+okl ls de lcz djus okyk gS vkSj ;kn j[kks fd
oyh&my&vez ds reke mewj dk 'khjkt+k vkSj ckn'kkg dk nLr o ckt+w
vkSj nq'euksa ds fy, x+st+ks x+t+c mldh vke fjvk;k gh gS vkSj tc fjvk;k
rqEgkjs nwljksa dks NksM+dj rqEgkjh brkvr ij ykft+e jgs ml oD+r rd
rqEgkjk ehyku ¼ln~Hkko½ mudh rjQ jguk pkfg, vkSj fjvk;k esa ls tks
'k[+l rqEgkjs ut+nhd yksxksa ds m;wc dks T+;knk c;ku djus okyk gks
mlls rqe T+;knk cqx+t+ j[kks D;ksafd yksxksa esa tks m;wc uk ekywe Fks mudks
518
d'kQ djus ls bt+gkjs uQjr ds T+;knk gd+nkj Fks D;ksafd tks ekeyk
rqEgkjs lkeus t+kfgj gks flQZ mlh ds ckjs esa rqe ij gqDe tkjh djuk
okftc gS vkSj tks rqels iksf'knk gSa mldk QSlyk rks vYykg ij NksM+ nks
vkSj rqe tks pht+ viuh tku ds fy, ukilan djrs gks mldks nwljksa ds
fy, Hkh ukilan djks vkSj rqels tgka rd gks lds inkZiks'kh djks rks [+kqnk
rqEgkjh ml pht+ ij inkZ Mkysxk ftldks rqe Nqikuk pkgrs gks yksxksa ls
dhuk ¼vnkor½ j[kus dh gj fxjg dks [kksy nks vkSj rqe fjvk;k ls dhuk
ds gj vLckc dks d+rv&,&ut+j dj nks vkSj gjfxt+ rqe 'kd o 'kqckg
esa eqfCryk u gqvk djks vkSj fdlh pqx+y[+kksj dh ckr [okg ukflgkuk D;kas
u gks ekuus esa tYnckth ls dke u yks D;ksfd ,slk 'k[+l /kksdsckt+ vkSj
Qjsch gksrk gS vkSj u rqe vius e'kojs esa fdlh c[khy o datwl dks
'kkfey djks tks x+k;r ntkZ Qtyksa dje esa dksrkg gS vkSj u fdlh gjhl
vkSj ykyph dks vius e'kojs esa 'kkfey djks D;ksafd oks rqedks eksgrkt
cuk nsxk vkSj fgjl o vkt+ ¼ykyp½ dks rqEgkjs lkeus eqt+ ;u ¼cM+k
p<+dj½ djds is'k djsxk vkSj u fdlh cqt+fny dks e'kojk esa 'kkfey djks
D;ksafd og mewj dks rqe ij rax dj nsxk vkSj ;kn j[kks fd datwlh]
cqt+fnyh vkSj fgjl o ykyp mu reke dh [+kkfl;r ,d gh gS vkSj ;g
lc [+kkfl;r [+kqnk ls cnxqekuh djus ds lcc tek gksrh gSa vkSj rqe
vPNh rjg ls tku yks fd rqEgkjs ekeykr esa cnrjhu n[ky djus okyk
vkSj cnrjhu ot+hj oks gS tks 'kjhjks dk n[+khy ¼”kkfey djus okyk½ vkSj
ot+hj gS vkSj muds xqukgksa esa cjkcj dk 'kjhd gS vkSj og muds fy, gj
eqd+ke esa [kM+k jgk gS il ,sls yksxksa dks rqe gjfxt+ vius ekeykr esa
n[khy ¼n[ky nsuk okyk½ u cukvksA vkSj mudks bl rjg viuh gqdwer
esa “kjhd u djks ftl rjg ls fd og rqEgkjs vx+;kj ¼igys½ dh gqdwer
esa 'kjhd gq, gS vkSj oks yksx rqEgkjs gqt+wj esa tks dqN Hkh gkftj djs ml
ij rqe gjfxt+ yqHkk u tkuk D;ksafd ;g yksx t+kfyeksa ds HkkbZ vkSj
xqukgxkjksa ds ennxkj gS vkSj og ykyp ds HksfM+;s gSa gkykafd evfjQr
esa muls cM+ p<+dj mudh tku'khuh djus okys yksx rqedks feyrs gSa vkSj
mudh ulhgr ls cqyan rjhu yksx ekStwn gS ftUgksaus ekeykr dh vPNh
rjg Nkuchu dh gS vkSj mewj dh cqjkb;ksa dks igpku fy;k gS vkSj tks
okfd+vkr mlds flj ls xqt+j pqds gS mudks mlus ,gfe;r nh gSA ,slk
'k[+l rqEgkjs fy, cgqr de rdyhQng gksxkA vkSj mEnkrjhu ennxkj
519
lkfcr gksxk vkSj rqe ij l[+r esgjcku gksxk vkSj rqEgkjs vx+;kj ls de
nksLrh vksj eksgCcr j[kus okyk gksxkA og mu yksxksa esa ls gS tks t+kfyeksa
ds t+qYe ij u vkSj u xqukgxkjksa ds xqukg esa rvkoqu djrs gSa il rqe ,sls
gh yksxksa dks viuk [kokl eqd+jZj djks vkSj mudks viuh [+kyorks esa ysdj
cSBks vkSj oks Hkjs njckj esa Hkh rqEgkjs ikl gkft+j gks vkSj muesa ls Hkh tks
lcls T;knk gd+ ckr dgrk gks vkSj rqEgkjh fjvk;kr ds lkFk balkQ
djrs oD+r T+;knk ,sgfr;kr ls dke ysrk gks mldks bT+t+r dh fuxkg ls
ns[kksA vkSj tks ckr rqedks ukilan gks blds ft+Ø ls rqEgkjs lkFk lcls
de equkft+jk djrk gks vkSj rqe vgys t+ksgn o rd+ok vkSj vgys flnd+
o lQk ¼lkQ vkSj lPps½ vkSj lkfgckus vD+y o reht+ vkSj lkfgckus gLc
ls fpeVs jgks vkSj rqEgkjs Qsvy ij rqEgkjs ot+hjks vkSj rqEgkjs vgyks
v;ky esa ls tks brjkrk gks ;k rqeus tks fd;k gh ugha gS mldks rqEgkjs
lkeus vkjkLrk djds is'k djrk gks rks rqe mu lcls cqx+t+ j[kksA vkSj
rqeus vxj dksbZ dkjsuqek;k vUtke fn;k gS rks mldks t+kfgj djus ls
yksxksa dks [+kkeks'k j[kks D;ksafd cgqr T+;knk brjkus ls rch;r esa ?keaM iSnk
gks tkrk gS vkSj ?keaM bT+t+r ls ft+Yyr esa fxjk nsrk gS vkSj vdlj
vd+oky ftleas >wB 'kkfey gksa og lqYrku ds rt+fd, dk ckbl gS
D;ksafd mlesa gd+ dh gnksa ij d+k;e ugha jgk tk ldrk gS flok, blds
fd vQjkr dh rjQ d+ne mB tk, vkSj usdksdkj vkSj cndkj nksuksa dks
,d gh ntsZ esa u j[kks fd ftlesa nksuksa cjkcj gksaA D;ksafd blls usdksdkj
usd dke djus ls :ds jgsaxs vkSj cndkj yksx viuh cndkjh ds vkSj
vknh cu tk;saxs vkSj rqe bls vPNh rjg ls tku yks fd fjvk;k dk oyh
my vez ds lkFk gqLus&t+u dk ekStc ¼eqdjZj djus okyk½ muds lkFk
gqLus lqyqd djus ls c<+dj vkSj dksbZ pht+ ugha gSA
oyh&,&vez fjvk;k ds fljks ls rdyhQks dks nwj dj ns vkSj
muls de uqljr j[ks rks fjvk;k mlds lkFk gqLust+u j[krh gS tc rqe
,slk djksxs rks blls rqEgkjs fny esa fjvk;k ds fy, gqLust+u iSnk gksxk
vkSj tc rqe viuh fjvk;k ds lkFk gqLust+u j[kksxs rks mlls rqEgkjs cgqr
ls vQdkj ¼fpark,½ nwj gks tk;asxh vkSj vgys [kSj esa ls rqEgkjs gqLust+u
dk ogh 'k[+l T+;knk gdnkj gS ftldks rqEgkjh vkt+ekb'k ilUn vkbZ gS
vkSj rqEgkjs lw,&t+u ¼xqeku½ dk og 'k[+l T+;knk gdnkj gS ftldks
rqEgkjh vkt+ekb'k cqjh ekywe gqbZ gS il rqe ml ekeys dh vPNh rjg
520
igpku dj yks vkSj [+kcjnkj ,slh lqUur ftl ij rqEgkjs igys lkysghu
us vey fd;k Fkk vkSj ftl ij eksgCcrsa tek gqbZ gSa vkSj vke yksxksa dk
gky csgrj gqvk Fkk ,slh lqUur dks rqe gjfxt+ d+rv u djuk vkSj u
rqe dksbZ ,slh lqUur tkjh djuk fd ftlls vgns ekt+h dh lqUurs vn~y
o balkQ dks t+jj ¼uqdlku½ igq¡psA vkSj mldks rks vtz feysxk exj rqe
ij ml lqUurs vn~y dks rksM+us dh otg ls xqukg vk;n gks vkSj rqe
myqekvksa dh lksgcr esa cSBdj [kwc bYe lh[kks vkSj gqdekv ds lkFk
vn~y o balkQ dh lqUurksa dks cjd+jkj j[kus eas equkft+jk djks vkSj mldks
ml lwjr esa d+k;e j[kus ij cgl o eqckfglk djks ftlls yksxksa dk gky
nqjLr gks lds D;ksafd blls gd dks ft+Unxh feysxh vkSj ckfry dks ekSr
ftldh nyhy ds fy, yksxksa ds ,goky dh nqjLrxh dkQh gS D;ksafd
*lqUurs lkysgk* mu vlckcs gd esa ls ,d lcc gS ftlls lqUur dh
ekvfjQr gksrh gS vkSj bl ckr dh nyhy gS fd usd lqUur ij pyus
okys [+kqnk dh brkvr dh jkg ij gSaA
yksxksa ds rcd+kr dh ekvfjQryksxksa ds rcd+kr dh ekvfjQryksxksa ds rcd+kr dh ekvfjQryksxksa ds rcd+kr dh ekvfjQryksxksa ds rcd+kr dh ekvfjQr
rqe vPNh rjg ls tku yks fd yksxksa ds ikap rcd+s gSa muesa ls
gj ,d dh nqjLrxh ,d nwljs ds lkFk okfcLrk gSA il muesa ls QkSt+as gaS
vkSj muesa ls gkfde ds ennxkj tt vkfey] vkSj eqgj~fjj ¼dyZd½
ox+Sjg gSa vkSj t+ehunkjksa esa ls vgys f[+kjkt ¼esglwy nsus okyk½ oxS+jg
vkSj muesa ls frtkjr is'kk vkSj dkjhxj oxS+jg gS vkSj muesa ls fupys
rcds+ ds yksx tks t+:jrean vkSj eksgrkt gSa il QkStsa [+kqnk ds gqDe ls
fjvk;k dh fgQkt+r djrh gSa vkSj muls ckn'kkg dh t+hur vkSj bLyke
dk od+kj gS vkSj eqYd esa veu o fgQkt+r dk ewftc ¼dkj.k½ gS vkSj
QkStksa dk nkjksenkj f[+kjkt vkSj ekys x+uher ij gS ftlls oks vius
nq'euksa ds lkFk ftgkn djus ij d+kfnj gksrs gS og mlh ij viuh gkyr
dh nqjLrxh dk Hkjkslk djrs gSa vkSj y'dj ds vgyks v;ky dh [+kqjkd
dk Hkh blh ij njksenkj gS vkSj Qkstksa vkSj vgys f[+kjkt dk Hkh nkjksenkj
d+kft+;ksa] vkfeyksa vkSj eqgj~fjjks ij gS D;ksafd ;gh yksx muds reke dke
dkt vUtke nsrs gSa fd vkSj muds equkQs dks tek djrs gS vkSj vius
521
[okl vkSj voke ls bl flyflys esa egQwt+ jgrs gS vkSj bu reke dk
nkjksenkj rkftjksa vkSj dkjhxjksa ij gS D;ksafd mUgha dh dkjhxjh ls oks
Qk;nk mBkrs gS vkSj mUgh dh otg ls muds ckt+kj yxrs gSa vkSj mudks
vius gkFkksa ls cukus dh t+:jr ugha iM+rh vkSj fupys rcd+s ds eksgrkt
vkSj ijs'kkugky yksx reke yksxksa dh rjQ eksgrkt gSa vkSj [+kqnk dh t+kr
gh ;g lcds fy, olhyk gS vkSj gj ,d ds fy, vehj ij tokcnkjh ds
eqrkfcd+ gd+ gS mlds gd+ ls vehj dks ml oD+r rd futkr ugha gS tc
rd fd oks eksgrkt ds gd+ dk cankscLr u dj ns vkSj [+kqnk ls mlds fy,
enn ryc djs vkSj pkgs mldh bPNk gks ;k uk gks exj mlds u¶l dks
gd+ dh vnkbxh ij vkeknk j[ksA
vQokt ds fdu&fdu ekeykr esa okyh dks /;ku nsukvQokt ds fdu&fdu ekeykr esa okyh dks /;ku nsukvQokt ds fdu&fdu ekeykr esa okyh dks /;ku nsukvQokt ds fdu&fdu ekeykr esa okyh dks /;ku nsukvQokt ds fdu&fdu ekeykr esa okyh dks /;ku nsuk
pkfg, mldk c;kupkfg, mldk c;kupkfg, mldk c;kupkfg, mldk c;kupkfg, mldk c;ku
rqEgkjs ut+nhd tks 'k[+l cM+k cqjnckj gks mldks vius y'dj
dk d+kbn vkSj okyh eqd+jZj djks vkSj og bYe vkSj mEnk fl;klr vkSj
vPNs v[kykd+ dk Hkh ekfyd gks nsj esa xqLlk gksrk gks vkSj mt+j ¼otg½
tYn d+cwy djrk gks det+ksj ij jge djrk gks vkSj rkd+rokj ds lkFk
bljkj ls dke ysrk gks mldks l[+rh djuk t+jk Hkh vPNk u yxrk gks
vkSj det+ksjh dh otg ls Qt+Z ds vatke nsus ls u :drk gks vkSj rqe
lkfgckus fQd+g vkSj vgys nhu vkSj usdksdkjksa dh lksgcr esa jgks vkSj
fQj muesa ls tks vgys 'kqtkvr gSa mu ls rvYyqd+ j[kks D;ksafd mu ij
yqRQ o dje dk enkj gS vkSj ;g vgys 'kqtkvr bT+t+r o od+kj dh ,d
'kk[+k gSa vkSj og [+kqnk ds lkFk gqLust+u vkSj bZeku dh nyhy gS blds
vykok rqe vQokt ds mewj dh mlh rjg Nkuchu djks tSls ,d cki
vius csVs ds ekeykr dh Nkuchu djrk gS vxj rqe mudks fdlh pht+
ls uokt+ks rks rqe mldks vius fny esa gjfxt+ vt+he u le>uk vkSj u
rqe ftl yqRQ ls muds lkFk is'k vkvks mldks gd+hj le>uk blfy,
fd rqe muds lkFk tks Hkh gqLus lqywd djksxs [+okg FkksM+k gh D;ks u gks
oks muds gejkg jgsxk vkSj ns[kks muds flQZ eksVs eksVs mewj esa viuh
fuxkg ds Hkjksls ij muds ckjhd mewj dh Nkuchu dks rdZ uk dj nsuk
522
D;ksafd ukt+qd txg ij gh Qk;nk mBk;k tk ldrk gS vksj eksVs eksVs
ekeykr rks ,sls gS fd mudks fd, cx+Sj NqVdkjk gh ugha feyrk gS vkSj
rqEgkjs ut+nhd fjvk;k ls T+;knk d+kfcy roTtg vQokt gksuh pkfg,
vkSj rqEgkjs ut+nhd dk erZck Hkh vQt+y gksuk pkfg,A muds lkFk
iwjk&iwjk rvkoqu djks rqe mudks vkSj muds vgyks v;ky dks bruk
t+:jr eqrkfcd+ ljek;k nks fd ftlls reke t+:fj;kr ls csfu;kt gks
dj rqEgkjs nq'euksa ls iwjs [+kqywl ds lkFk ftgkn djsa vkSj rqe mudks
vdlj ml ckr dk vglkl fnykrs jgks fd mudh bT+t+r o djker
vkSj muds mewj dh fuxjkuh ds dke dk rqEgkjs fny esa vglkl gS vkSj
rqe ml ckr dks ^veyu* lkfcr dj nks vkSj cM+s yqRQ o esgjckuh ds
lkFk muds fnyksa dks viuh rjQ ekby dj yks D;ksafd okfy;ksa vkSj
gkfdeksa dh vka[ks ml oD+r BaMh gksrh gSa tcfd 'kgjksa esa gj rjQ veu
o veku dk Madk ctrk gS vkSj vQokt dh eksgCcr dk T+kqgwj gksrk gS
tc og bl gky esa gksaxs rks muds lhus lyker gksaxs vkSj mudh fuxkgsa
nq:Lr gksxh vkSj mejkv ij mudk ?ksjk l[+r gksxk vkSj rqe viuh
vQokt dks [+kkl rkSj ij flQZ veokys x+uher ds gokys u dj nks cfYd
gj ekys x+uher ds oD+r rqe Hkh mudks viuh rjQ ls vfr;k ¼gfn;k½
nks fd ftlls mudks 'kkSd+ iSnk gks vkSj og mlds ekfuan nwljk vfr;k
gkfly djus ds fy, tÌks&tgn djs vYykg dh dqOor vkSj dqnjr ds
flok fdlh vkSj dh dqOor vkSj rkd+r ugha gS vkSj muesa ls tks vgys
'kqtkvr gks mudks bukekr ls uoktksa vkSj rqe mudh rkjhQ djds vkSj
,d ,d 'k[+l dh ckcr rgdhd djds vkSj eSnkus ftgkn esa mlus tks
dkjukek vatke fn;k gS mldh ekywekr gkfly djds mudh xgjkb;ksa esa
tks lwjrs ikS'khnk gS mudh rjQ fuxkg mBkdj ns[kus ds fy, enn djks
D;ksafd mlls cgknqjksa dks vkSj nwljksa dks 'kkSd iSnk gksrk gS vkSj mlds
lkFk&lkFk muds Åij vius mu tklwlksa dks crkSj fuxjka eqd+jZj dj nks
tks vekurnkj vkSj lPps gksa og tax ds oD+r muds ikl gkft+j gksa vkSj
tks Hkh og dkjukek vatke nsa mldks d+yecan dj yas rkfd rqEgsa ,slk
eglwl gks fd xkS;k rqe ml ekSds ij [+kqn gkft+j Fks vkSj fQj muesa ls
gj ,d us tks dkjukek vatke fn;k gS mlls okfd+Q djkvks vkSj fdlh
ds dkjukesa dks nwljs dk dkjukek gjfxt+ u djkj nsuk vkSj u mlesa ls
dqN deh djuk vkSj ftlus tSlk dkjukek vatke fn;k gS mlh ds
523
eqrkfcd+ mldks cnyk nks vkSj mldks ,d lun fy[k nks fd rkfd mlls
mldh gkSlyk vQtkbZ gks vkSj rqEgkjs ikl mlds eqrkfYyd+ tks [kcjsa
igq¡ph gks mlls okfd+Q djks vkSj rqe fdlh vkvyk njts ds vkneh ds
ekewyh dkjukesa dks gjfxt+ c<+k dj uk is'k djuk vkSj uk fdlh ekewyh
vkneh ds cM+s dkjukesa dks gYdk le>uk vkSj vxj muesa ls fdlh dks
dksbZ vkjt+k is'k vk tk, ;k fdlh ls dksbZ cn[+kyQh t+kfgj gks tk, vkSj
mlls igys oks mEnk dkjukek vatke ns pqdk gS rks rqe mldks vius fy,
gjfxt+ Qkfln vkSj cqjk er [+;ky djuk D;ksafd bT+t+r rks [+kqnk ds gkFk
esa gS tc pkgrk gS nsrk gS vkSj tc pkgrk gS okil ys ysrk gSA
vxj 'kqtkvr bZtkn dh tk ldrh rks vdlj yksx vius vanj
'kqtkvr iSnk dj ysrsA exj cgknqjh rks ,d dqnjrh 'ksv gS tks [+kqnk ds
gkFk esa gSaA ftlds fy, ftl d+nz pkgrk gS cgknqjh dk fgLlk mlds fy,
eqd+jZj Qjek nsrk gs vkSj ;kn j[kks rqEgkjs 'kglokjksa esa dksbZ ,slk tkackt
tks rqEgkjs nq'euksa dks eSnkus tax esa cgqr d+Ry djus okyk Fkk vxj og
yM+rk yM+rk ekjk tk, rks rqe mlds okfjlksa ds lkFk oSls gh gqLus lqywd
vkSj eksgCcr ls is'k vkuk tSlk fd dksbZ ejus okyk fdlh Hkjkslsean 'k[+l
dks tc olh;r dj tkrk gS rks oks ejus okys okfjlku ds lkFk gqLus
lqywd djrk gS rqe mlds okfjlksa ds lkFk bruk vPNk lqywd djuk fd
ejus okys cgknwj dh ekSr dk mu ij dksbZ vklkj ckd+h u jgss vkSj u
mudks mlds ejus dk dksbZ x+e gks ml gqLus lqywd ls nwljs 'kglokjksa ds
fny rqe ij ekby gksaxs vkSj brkvr T+;knk djsaxs vkSj rqEgkjs vez dh jksd
Fkke ds fy, eSnkus tax esa ekSr ds eqag esa tkus ls rqEgkjs 'kglokjksa dh :gsa
[+kq'k gksxhA reke rkd+r o dqnjr [+kqnk ds fy, gSA
oyh&vez dks yk;d gS fd og yksxksa ds njfe;ku ftuoyh&vez dks yk;d gS fd og yksxksa ds njfe;ku ftuoyh&vez dks yk;d gS fd og yksxksa ds njfe;ku ftuoyh&vez dks yk;d gS fd og yksxksa ds njfe;ku ftuoyh&vez dks yk;d gS fd og yksxksa ds njfe;ku ftu
mewj ds QSlys fd, tkrs gS mu ij Hkh x+ksjks fQØ djsmewj ds QSlys fd, tkrs gS mu ij Hkh x+ksjks fQØ djsmewj ds QSlys fd, tkrs gS mu ij Hkh x+ksjks fQØ djsmewj ds QSlys fd, tkrs gS mu ij Hkh x+ksjks fQØ djsmewj ds QSlys fd, tkrs gS mu ij Hkh x+ksjks fQØ djs
¼, okyh vez½ rqe yksxksa ds njfe;ku QSlyksa ij ml 'k[+l dh
rjg x+kSj djks tks [+kqnk ds gqDe dh d+nz o eaftyr ls ck[kwch okfd+Q gSaA
D;ksafd gqDe ¼Qjeku½ [+kqnk ds vnyks&balkQ dk rjktw gS tks t+ehu esa
et+ywe dks t+kfye ls balkQ fnykus ds fy, uLc fd;k x;k gS vkSj
524
blfy, fd rkd+roj ls det+ksj dk gd+ Nhudj mldks ns fn;k tk,
vkSj ;g eht+ku blfy, uLc fd;k x;k gS rkfd [+kqnk ds gqnwn dks mUgh
jkLrksa ij cjd+jkj j[kk tk, fd ftu ij canks vkSj 'kgjksa dh nqjLrxh dk
enkj gSA il rqe yksxksa ds njfe;ku QSlys djus ds fy, viuh fjvk;k
esa ls ml 'k[+l dks equrf[kc djks tks rqEgkjs ut+nhd lcls vQt+y gks
bYe vkSj t+ksgn o rd+ok dk lc ls T+;knk tkesv gks vkSj ekeykr ls
raxh eglwl u djrk gks vkSj u >xM+s ml dks xt+cukd dj nsrs gksa vkSj
dyke esa :d tkus okyk mldks rax fny u dj ns vkSj t+qYe djus okys
dk t+qYe mldks gn ls rtkoqt+ u dj ns vkSj u mldk u¶l ykyp dh
rjQ ekby gks vkSj u oks vtc o x+q:j esa eqfCryk gks vkSj mewj ds QSlys
esa ekeys dh rg rd igq¡ps cxS+j FkksM+s ls x+ksjks&fQØ ij bdfrQk ¼larks’k½
u djrk gks tgka 'kqCgk ¼'kd½ gks ogka lcls :d tkus okyk gks vkSj oks
viuh tku ds fy, lcls T+;knk nyhy o gqTtr j[krk gks vkSj gqTtrksa
ds gqtwe ls cgqr de ijs'kku gks vkSj mewj ds [kqy tkus vkSj nksuks >xM+us
okyksa dh ot+kgr vkSj gqTtr o nyhy ij lcls T+;knk lkfcj vkSj
cjnk'r djus okyk gks vkSj csgn rkjhQ ls oks ex+:j u gks tkrk gks vkSj
fet+kt cnyus ds lcc cs[+kkSQ u gks tk, vkSj mldh rchvr esa bfÙkykv
nsus dh ;g vknr u iM+ tk, fd ;gka rd dgk tkus yxs fd Qyka us
dgk gS Qyka us dgk gS vxj fdlh 'k[+l esa ;g reke [kqfc;k¡ ekStwn gksa
rks mldks rqe mewj ds QSly djus ij eqd+jZj djks ;kfu mldks okyh
vkSj d+kt+h eqd+jZj djksA
vkSj rqe [+kqn Hkh mlds QSlyksa vkSj dke dkt dk vPNh rjg ls
eqvk;uk djks vkSj mldks bruk dkQh ot+hQk nks fd oks gol o ykyp
ls csfu;kt+ gks tk, vkSj yksxksa ds lkeus nLrs loky u QSyk, vkSj rqe
mldks vius ut+nhd ,sls erZcs esa fcBkvks fd ml erZcs dh fdlh vkSj
dks ykyp u gks rkfd oks vius vkidks bl ckr ls egQwt+ le>s fd yksx
rqEgkjs ikl mldh x+hcr vkSj pqx+yh ugha [kk ldrs il ml lwjr esa og
fdlh mEehn dh [kkfrj fdlh ls ejÅc u gksxk vkSj u mEnk rkjhQ ds
fy, [+kq'kken djsxk vkSj tc og rqEgkjs njckj esa vk, rks mldks bT+t+r
ls vius ikl fcBkvks vkSj rqe mlds QSlyksa dks tkjh djks vkSj mlds
fy, pan ennxkj eqd+jZj djks ftudks vius fy, oks vgys bYe esa ls [+kqn
eqUrf[kc djs vkSj rqe vius eekfyd ds fy, ftu dkft+;ksa dks eqd+jZj
525
djks muds ckjs esa rqe [+kqn rgd+hd+kr dj yks fQj rqe muds QSlyksa vkSj
ekeyksa dh Nkuchu djrs jgks vkSj mu vgdke dh Nkuchu djks tks
muds lkeus fd+Le&fd+Le ds vkrs jgrs gSa vkSj ;kn j[kks muds QSlyksa
esa t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh bf[+rykQ uk gksuk pkfg, D;ksafd mlls vnyks balkQ
dk [kwu gksxk vkSj nhu uaxk gks tk,xk vkSj bQfrjkd+ o bf[+rykQ dk
njokt+k [kqy tk,xk vkSj ;kn j[kks d+kft+;ks ds njfe;ku mlh oD+r
bf[+rykQ iSnk gksrk gS tcfd oks beke dks NksM+ dj viuh jk; ij
bfDrQkv djrs gSa vkSj ;kn j[kks fd tc nks d+kft+;ksa esa bf[+rykQ gks
tk, ;g nksuksa bf[+rykQ dh gkyr esa vius&vius QSlys ij d+kbe ugha
jg ldrs gkykafd mudks ftl elys esa bf[+rykQ gks mls beke ds lkeus
is'k djuk pkfg, vkSj mlh ij cl ugha gS cfYd ftl elys esa Hkh yksxksa
dks bf[+rykQ gks tk, mls beke dh f[+kner esa is'k fd;k tk,A oyk
dqOor% bYyk fcYykgsA
okyh dks vius vkfeyksa ds ftu mewj dh ns[k&js[kokyh dks vius vkfeyksa ds ftu mewj dh ns[k&js[kokyh dks vius vkfeyksa ds ftu mewj dh ns[k&js[kokyh dks vius vkfeyksa ds ftu mewj dh ns[k&js[kokyh dks vius vkfeyksa ds ftu mewj dh ns[k&js[k
j[kuk t+:jh gS mudk c;kuj[kuk t+:jh gS mudk c;kuj[kuk t+:jh gS mudk c;kuj[kuk t+:jh gS mudk c;kuj[kuk t+:jh gS mudk c;ku
, okyh rqe ftu vkfeyksa dks eqd+jZj djks muds mewj dh Nku
chu dj yks vkSj rqEgkjk vkfeyksa dks eqd+jZj djuk rqEgkjs bf[+r;kj o
bfUr[+kkc ls gksuk pkfg, fdlh [+kkSQ vkSj bZlkj ¼ncko½ dh fcuk ij uk
gksuk pkfg, D;ksafd u¶l dh [+okfg'k ls fdlh dks vkeky ds fy,
eqarf[+kc djuk vkSj mu ekeykr esa ykijokgh ls csQjekuh djuk t+qYe o
tksj vkSj vYykg ds lkFk [+k;kur dk eksftc gS vkSj mlls yksxksa dks
uqd+lku vkSj t+jj igq¡pkuk gSA yksxksa vkSj okfy;ksa ds evkeykr mlh
'k[+l ds lykg o e'kojk ls nq:Lr gks ldrs gSa ftlls og vius
evkeykr vkSj dke dkt esa enn ysrs jgrs gSa vkSj tks ckrsa muls ikS'khnk
gksrh gSa muls fuiVus ds fy, ftldks oks eqUrf[kc djrs gSa mlls muds
mewj Hkh nq:Lr gks ldrs gSA il rqe vius dke dkt dh vatke&ngh
ds fy, mu yksxksa dk bafr[+kkc djks tks t+ksgn o rd+ok vkSj bYe o
fQd+g vkSj fl;klr ds ekfgj gS vkSj vPNs ?kjkus ds yksx tks nhu o
ojv ¼ijgst+xkjh½ vius vanj j[krs gSa vkSj rtqZck&dkj lkfgckus vD+y o
526
g;k gS rqe mudh lksgcr ls okfcLrk jgks D;ksafd ;g yksx vius vUnj
mEnk v[+kykd+ j[krs gS vkSj vius u¶l dh bLykg o fgQkt+r [+kqc djrs
gSA og cgqr de ykyph vkSj mewj ds vatke ij nwljksa ls mEnk ut+j
j[krs gS il pkfg, fd ,sls yksx rqEgkjs vkfey vkSj ennxkj gksaA
vkSj muesa ls tks rqEgkjs f'kvk gSa mUgh dks flQZ viuk vkfey
eqd+jZj djks vkSj mudks buke o bdjke ls [+kwc uokt+ks vkSj muds fy,
jkst+h dq'kknk djks D;ksafd mudks mlls viuh tkuks dh bLykg esa
rd+fo;r igq¡psxh vkSj muds gkFkksa esa nwljks dk tks ljek;k gS oks mlds
rukoqy ls csfu;kt+ gksaxs blls Qk;nk ;g gksxk fd tc oks fdlh pht+
ds ckjs esa rqEgkjs gqDe dh f[+kykQot+hZ djasxs vkSj rqEgkjh vekur dk dqN
fgLlk [+k;kur djds ys ysaxs rks ml oD+r mu ij rqEgkjh ;g uokft+'kkr
vkSj fjT+d dh dq'kknxh rqEgkjs fy, gqTtr gksxh fQj mlds ckotwn rqe
[+kqn muds dke dkt dh Nkuchu djrs jgks vkSj lPps vkSj vekurnkj
tklwlksa dks muds ihNs yxk nks mlls oks eqYd o d+kSe dh rkehj esa
tn~nks&tgn djsaxs vkSj fjvk;k ds lkFk uehZ ls is'k vk,axs vkSj t+qYe o
flre ls ckt+ jgsaxs vkSj mudks ennxkjksa dh Hkh gktr u gksxh vkSj
fjvk;k dks rd+fo;r feysxh vkSj rqe rdCcqj vkSj t+cjks o fu[+kor
¼xq:j½ djus okyksa dks vkfey cukus ls ijgst+ djks vkSj mu yksxksa dks
vkfey cukus ls cpks tks ?keaM] rkjhQ] 'kksgjr vkSj nqfu;koh bT+t+r ds
pkgus okys gSa “kjQ rks flQZ rd+ok gh ls gkfly gksrk gSA vxj rqe vius
fdlh vkfey dks ns[kks fd mlus [k;kur dh tkfuc viuk gkFk c<+k;k
gS ;k fdlh cndkjh dk eqjrfdc gqvk gS vkSj rqedksa rqEgkjs tklwlksa dh
rjQ ls Hkh mldh [+kcjsa cge igq¡p pqdh gS vkSj rqEgkjh fjvk;k Hkh ml
vkfey dh cqjkbZ c;ku djrh gS rks ;g mlds f[+kykQ rqEgkjs fy, dkQh
'kgknr gS il rqeus mldks vPNh rjg ftLekuh lt+k ns nh vkSj mldh
[+kqc [+kcj yh fQj rqeus mldks yksxksa ds lkeus [kM+k dj fn;k rks ;g
mldh lt+k gksxh vkSj nwljs yksx ulhgr o bcjr gkfly djsxsaA ba'kk
vYykgA
527
okyh dks vgys f[kjkt ¼yxku nsus okys½ ds ftu mewjokyh dks vgys f[kjkt ¼yxku nsus okys½ ds ftu mewjokyh dks vgys f[kjkt ¼yxku nsus okys½ ds ftu mewjokyh dks vgys f[kjkt ¼yxku nsus okys½ ds ftu mewjokyh dks vgys f[kjkt ¼yxku nsus okys½ ds ftu mewj
dk eqvkbuk djuk pkfg, mldk c;kudk eqvkbuk djuk pkfg, mldk c;kudk eqvkbuk djuk pkfg, mldk c;kudk eqvkbuk djuk pkfg, mldk c;kudk eqvkbuk djuk pkfg, mldk c;ku
rqe vgys f[+kjkt dh ns[kHkky j[kks vkSj ftu ckrksa ls mudh
csgrjh bLykg o nq:Lrxh gksrh gks mu ij ut+j j[kks D;ksafd mudh
bLykg o csgrjh esa nwljksa dh csgrjh gS vkSj muds flok yksxksa dh csgrjh
vgys f[+kjkt ij equgflj gSA D;ksafd nwljs reke yksxksa dks NksM+dj flQZ
vgys f[+kjkt gh ij iwjk nkjksenkj gS ckd+h yksx rks muds vgyks v;ky
gSa ftudh ijofj'k dh mu ij ftEesnkjh vk;n gksrh gSA il rqe mudh
t+ehuksa dh rkehj ij [+kwc /;ku nks vkSj mlds f[+kjkt dh lgqfy;r ls
olwyh ls T+;knk rqe muds evk'kh ¼jkst+xkj½ dh csgrjh dk [+;ky j[kks
D;ksafd f[+kjkt dh lgqfy;r ls olwyh vkckn&dkjh ij ekSdwQ gS tks
'k[+l vkckn&dkjh vkSj rkehj ds cxS+j lgqfy;r ls flQZ f[+kjkt olwy
djuk pkgrk gS oks 'kgjksa dks rckg o cjckn djrk gS vkSj cUnksa dks
gykd djrk gS og ml ij FkksM+s gh fnuksa rd d+kbe jg ldrk gS ysfdu
rqe dks rks ;g pkfg, fd rqe gj 'kgj ls vgys f[+kjkt dks tek djks vkSj
mudks ;g gqDe nks fd og rqedks vius vius 'kgjksa ds vgoky ls
eqÙkykv djs vkSj ftl ckr ls mudh csgrjh gks ldrh gS mldks crk,a
vkSj og rqedks vius t+ehu ds gky ls vkSj vius f[+kjkt dh lgqfy;r
ls vkxkg djs mlds ckn rqe mu ckrksa ds eqrkfYyd+ muls nj;k¶r djks
ftudks rqEgkjs ut+nhd nwljs tkuus okyksa us is'k fd;k gS vxj og vius
f[k+jkt ds ckj ¼cks>½ gksus dh f'kdk;r djs ;k ikuh dh deh ;k t+ehu
dh ml [+kjkch dh f'kdk;r djs fd oks ikuh esa Mwc xbZ gS ;k I;klh jg
x;h gS ;k fdlh eksgyd vkQr dh f'kdk;r djs rks rqe muds f[kjkt
esa bruh r[+kQhQ ¼vklkuh½ dj nks fd ftlesa rqedks vYykg ls muds
Qyus Qwyus dh mEehn gks vkSj vgys&f[+kjkt vius ftu mewj dh
bLykg o nq:Lrxh ugha dj ldrs mlds fy, rqe mudh benkn dk
gqDe tkjh djksA il [+kqnk oans rvkyk muds mewj dh nq:Lrxh vkSj
csgrjh ds urhts esa rqedks [+kq'kh vkSj lokc vrk djsxkA blfy, rqe
mudh rdkyhQ dks nwj dj nks vkSj rqe bl ckr ij ;d+hu j[kks fd
vgys f[kjkt ds ftl cks> dks rqe gYdk djksxs ;g muds ljksa dh ftu
528
eqf'dyksa dks vius lj yksxs oks muds ikl rqEgkjs fy, ,slk t+[khjk gksxk
ftlls mudks rqEgkjs 'kgjksa dh vkckndkjh esa enn feysxhA rqEgkjs eqYd
dks vkjkLrk djus esa enn feysxh vkSj lkFk gh lkFk ijojfnxkj vkye
blls rqEgkjh ;kn dks csgrj cuk nsxk vkSj rqe vius dy ds fy, mlls
mudks ycjst+ dj nksaxs vkSj tc rqe vgys f[+kjkt dh t+ehuksa dks vkckn
vkSj muds f[kjkt dh c&vklkuh olwyh vkSj mudh eksgCcr vkSj mEnk
rkjhQ vkSj mueass dkjs [+kSj dk QSt+ku ns[kksxs rks mlls rqEgkjh vka[k BaMh
gksxh vkSj rqedks [kq'kh gkfly gksxh vkSj mlls igys tc fd rqe mudks
rdyhQ nsdj f[+kjkt olwy djrs Fks vc rqEgkjs fy, ;g csgrjhu
t+[khjk gksxk vkSj vxj rqe ij dksbZ eqf'dy vk iM+s vkSj mldks nwj djus
ds fy, rqedks muds ,vfrekn dh t+:jr is'k vk tk, rks rqe mudh
dqOor o rkd+r dh T+;knrh dh otg ls ml pht+ ij Hkjkslk dj ldksxs
tks rqeus muds ikl tek dj j[kk gSA
og rqels eksgCcr djsaxs vkSj rqEgkjs lkFk gqLus&t+u j[ksxs vkSj
rqeus vnyks balkQ vkSj uehZ dk tks lqywd muds lkFk fd;k gS mlls oks
rqe ij Hkjkslk djsaxs vkSj tc mudks bl ckr dh ekvfjQr gksxh fd tks
mewj is'k vk pqds gSa mldh otg ls rqeus muds mt+j dks d+cwy dj
fy;k gS rks og mls vius fy, dqOor rlOoqj djsaxs vkSj fQj rqe mu ij
tks cks> Hkh yknksxs mldks viuh dqOor ls mBk ysaxs rqe mu ij tks cks>
Hkh yknksxs mlls muds uqQql [+kq'k gksaxs D;ksafd vnys [+kqnk dh bT+t+r ls
rqe mu ij tks cks> Hkh yknksaxs oks mBk ysaxsA 'kgjksa dh mejkfu;r
[kt+kuksa dk eq¡g nkSyr ls Hkjus ls T+;knk uQk c[+'k gS D;ksafd [kt+kus rks
ges'kk 'kgjksa dh vkckndkjh vkSj mejkuh;r ls iwj gqvk djrs gSA il tc
'kgj [kjkc gks tkrs gS rks [kt+kuksa dk oks ekík can gks tkrk gS vkSj tc
t+ehus x+Sj vkckn vkSj rckg gks tkrh gSa rks [kt+kusa Hkh ekyks nkSyr ls
[kkyh gks tkrs gSa vkSj t+ehu ij clus okys mlh oD+r rckgks cjckn gksrs
gS tc okyh o gkfde t+[khjksa esa bljkQ ¼Qqt+qy[+kphZ½ ls dke ysrs gSa vkSj
t+ekus ls cnxqeku gks tkrs gSa vkSj bcjrksa ls de Qk;nk mBkrs gS cl
mudks rks flQZ mlh ckr dh ekvfjQr gksrh gS fd mUgksaus f[+kjkt esa tks
r[+kQhQ dh gS mlls mUgksaus vkbank lky ds fy, tek dj fy;k gS vkSj
mUgs flQZ bruk ekywe gksrk gS fd ftl mewj ij [kpZ djuk okftc gS
og mlh t+[khjs esa ls djsaxs mlls mu t+ehuksa ds f[+kjkt esa vklkuh gksxh
529
vkSj mlls t+ehu esa muds fy, mEnk&rjhu fu'kkuh gksxh exj oks [++kqn
dgrs gSa vkSj dgus okyk muls dgrk gS fd lkysa jok dh ekyxqt+kjh dh
olwyh vkbank lky ds fy, ;g le>dj u NksM+ks fd x+kS;k rqe vkabnk
lky Hkh ftank jgksxs\
gesa rks bl ekeys esa mudh bl jk; ij tks bl ckr dks muds
lkeus eqt+S;u djds is'k djrs gS mudh jk; ij cM+k gh rvTtqc gksrk
gS fd okyh tcfd mu nks erZcksa esa ls fdlh ,d gh erZck esa gS ;k rks
oks ekyxqt+kjh dks vkbank lky ds fy, ckd+h j[k NksM+s blls ;g Qk;nk
gksxk fd t+ehu vkSj fjvk;k dh csgrjh vkSj csgcqnh gksxh exj mlus
mldk ;g urhtk fudkyk fd bl tek djus ls mlh dh vka[k BaMh gks
vkSj mldks [kq'kh gkfly gks vkSj mlls mlds vius ge o x+e de gksa
vkSj mlds ,ot+ ijojfnxkj ls lokc dk eqLrgd+ gks ;k rks oks ml
erZck esa gksxk fd d+Cy vt+ blds t+ekuk eqLrd+fcy vk, mldh eqn~nrs
g;kr gh equd+rv gks tk, ml lwjr esa mlus tks csgrjh ds dke vkSj
,glklkr fd, gSa mudk T+;knk eksgrkt gksxk vkSj ml vey ij mldh
mEnk rkjhQ gksxh mlds gd+ esa T;knk nqvk dh tk,xh vkSj mldks
ckjxkgs [+kqnk oanh ls vQt+y rjhu lokc feysxk vkSj vxj mlus bLykg
vkSj csgrjh dh x+t+Z ls ugha cfYd 'kgjksa vkSj yksxksa dks ohjku vkSj rckg
o cjckn djus dh x+t+Z ls [kt+kuks dk eq¡g Hkj fn;k rks fQj oks fdlh vkSj
ds fy, ;jx+eky gks x;k ml fd;s dk xqukg mlh ds lj gksxkA okfy;ksa
ds dkjukeksa esa ls flQZ ;kn gh ckd+h jg tkrh gS vkSj oks viuh lhjr vkSj
vius vklkj gh dh otg ls ;kn fd, tkrs gSa mudh lhjr vkSj muds
vklkj vPNs gksaxs rks mudks vPNs uke ls ;kn fd;k tk,xk vkSj vxj
lhjr vkSj vklkj cqjs gSa rks mudks cqjs uke ls ;kn fd;k tk,xkA jgk
nqfu;k dk eky rks ml ij ,d ,slk oD+r vkrk gS fd mlls nwljs Qk;nk
mBkrs gSa ml ij ukScr fQj tkus dh otg ls veoky ij Hkh ukScr fQj
tkrh gSA il vgys nksyr gljrksa ;kl esa eqcfryk gks tkrs gSa vxj rqe
vglku vkSj cn lqywdh dk vatke vkSj mlds ek&csu vD+yksa dh
xqe'kqnxh vkSj nk:¶rxh ¼feyuk½ ns[kuk pkgks rks xqft+'rk vnokj esa tks
usd o cn fdjnkj okyh o gkfde xqt+j pqds gS muds mewj ij xkSj djks
rks rqe muesa ls nks fd+Le ds okyh o gkfde ikvksaxsA ,d okyh rks rqedksa
,slk feysxk tks yksxksa ds njfe;ku vPNs fdjnkj dk gkfey gksxk voke
530
ij mldh rdyhQ de gksxhA gd+ o okftc ds vnk djus esa mldk
u¶l l[+kh gksxkA pkgs mlds eqYd vkSj mlds ftLe dh fyT+t+r es
uqdlku gh D;ksa u gksrk gks vkSj pkgs yksxksa ds njfe;ku mlds mEnk
rkjhQ esa deh D;ksa u gksrh gks ;k fQj rqe muesa ls ,slk okyh o gkfde
ikvksxs tks yksxksa ds njfe;ku cn fdjnkj gksxk mldh rdyhQ yksxksa ij
T;knk gksxh ml ls mldks vius eqYd esa rks bT+t+r gkfly gksxh exj
nqfu;k o vkf[+kjr esa bT+t+r de gks tk,xhA il mlds tek fd;s gq,
eky ij ut+j u djks cfYd mlus tks dkjs [+kSj tek fd, gS vkSj tks usd
dke vatke fn, gS mudh rjQ ns[kks blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha gS usdksdkj dh
ges'kk enn dh tkrh gS vYykg gh rkSQhd+ nsus okyk vkSj jkgs lokc
crkus okyk gSA
okyh dks eqgjfjjks ¼dkjdwuksa½ ds ftu mewj dhokyh dks eqgjfjjks ¼dkjdwuksa½ ds ftu mewj dhokyh dks eqgjfjjks ¼dkjdwuksa½ ds ftu mewj dhokyh dks eqgjfjjks ¼dkjdwuksa½ ds ftu mewj dhokyh dks eqgjfjjks ¼dkjdwuksa½ ds ftu mewj dh
fuxgnk'r ¼fuxjkuh½ djuh pkfg, mldk c;kufuxgnk'r ¼fuxjkuh½ djuh pkfg, mldk c;kufuxgnk'r ¼fuxjkuh½ djuh pkfg, mldk c;kufuxgnk'r ¼fuxjkuh½ djuh pkfg, mldk c;kufuxgnk'r ¼fuxjkuh½ djuh pkfg, mldk c;ku
rqe vius dkfrcksa ;kfu eqgjfjjksa dh fuxgnk'r djksA muesa ls
rqe gj ml dkfrc ds gkykr dks igpkuks ftlds rqe ftrus eksgrkt gks
D;ksafd dkfrcksa dks ,d [+kkl ed+ke gkfly gS vkSj ed+ke o erZck ds fy,
,d [kkl gd+ ;kfu vnc gS ftldks nwljk dksbZ 'k[+l vnk ugha dj
ldrk gS il rqe vius cM+s cM+s mewj ds fy, muesa ls ,sls cqyan ik;k
dkfrcksa dk bafr[+kkc dj yks tks muesa ls gj ,d vius eUlc ¼erZck½ ds
yk;d+ gks vkSj rqe tks dke mldks lkSaiksa og mls ck[+kqch vatke ns ldrk
gks il rqe vius mu e[+klwl [+kqrwr dh fdrkcr ij ftlesa rqEgkjs
ljcLrk jkt+ vkSj rqEgkjh rnchjsa esgQwt+ gSa ,sls dkfrc dks eqd+jZj djks
tks vncs lkysg ds reke rjhdksa dk tkesv gks vkSj tks gj fd+Le ds cM+s
cM+s mewj esa lcls csgrj gks vkSj ulhgr ds ,srckj ls lcls T+;knk
d+kfcys mlwy vkSj rqEgkjs vljkj ¼jkt+½ dks lcls T;knk Nqikus okyk gks
og bT+t+r o djker feys rks vkis ls ckgj u gks tk, vkSj u yqRQ vkSj
esgjckuh ls ?keaM esa eqcfryk gks tk, vkSj u mlesa yqRQ o esgjckuh dh
otg ls bruh tqjZjr iSnk gks tk, fd oks [+kyor ¼vdsys½ esa rqe ij
vglku trkus yxsA ;k ljs vke mlds bt+gkj dk ekSdk ryk'k djs vkSj
531
rqEgkjs x+Sj ds tks [+kqrwr mlds ikl vkrs gksa muds tokckr dks rqEgkjs
ysu&nsu ds mEnk rjhdksa dks vPNh rjg dyecan djds tkjh djrk gks
vkSj ftl fxjg dks rqEgkjs fy, cka/kk gS mldks nks pan u djrk gks vkSj
tks fxjg rqe ij ca/k xbZ gS mlds [kksyus esa vftt+ u gks vkSj lkFk gh
lkFk vius u¶l dh ekfjQr ls mewj esa tks ntkZ mldks gkfly gS mlls
cs[+kcj u gks D;ksafd tks 'k[+l ftruk gh vius u¶l dh d+nzks&eaftyr
ls cs[+kcj gksxk og mruk gh T;knk nwljksa ls cs[kcj vkSj uk&okfd+Q
gksxk vkSj mlls de ntkZ ds tks rqEgkjs [+kqrwr gS vkSj rqEgkjs f[+kjkt ds
dkxtkr vkSj rqEgkjs y'dj ds nQkrj gS mu reke dh fdrkcr ij ,sls
dkfrcksa dks eqd+jZj djks ftu dks d+kSe us [+kqn viuh t+krh rsfgd+hd+kr ls
eqarf[+kc fd;k gks D;ksafd fdrkcr dk ;g vge dke rqEgkjs cqyan ik;k
mewj esa ls gS D;ksafd ;g dke rqEgkjs vkSj fjvk;k ds Qk;ns ds fy,
fugk;r gh tkesv gS il rqe viuh Qqjklr vkSj gqLus&t+u ij ,rckj
djds mudk bafr[+kkc u dj ysuk D;ksafd oyh&, vez dh Qqjklr ds fy,
mlls c<+dj dksbZ b[+rsykQ dh pht+ ugha gS vkSj cgqr ls yksxksa esa
gqLust+u djus ds fy, blls T;knk eq[+krfyQ dksbZ vez ugha gS exj
rqels igys oks ftu mewj ds eqroYyh gks pqds gS bl flyflys esa muds
tks vklkj ckd+h jg x, gS mudks lkeus j[kdj mudk bfUr[+kkc djksA
D;ksafd ;gh ,d ,slk mEnk rjhd+k gS fd ftlls cvt+ yksx cvt+ ds
mewj ij bfLrnyky djrs gS vkSj bu mewjs et+dwjk esa ls tks lcls vge
gks ml ij ,d ft+Eesnkj 'k[+l dks ljnkj eqd+jZj djks tks vekurnkj
vkSj lkfgcs jk; gks ftldks u cM+s ls cM+k vez ex+ywc djrk gks vkSj u
ftlds ut+nhd NksVs ls NksVk vez t+k, gks tkrk gks fQj mlds lkFk rqe
muds evkeykr dh rQrh'k dks u NksM+ksa muds reke dkeksa ij ut+j
j[kks rqedks muds tks gky u ekywe gks muds eqrkfYyd+ tkuus ds fy,
vxj loky djks rks yqRQ vkSj esgjckuh ds lkFk loky djksA gRrk fd
ftu mewj dk rqeus mudks okyh cuk;k gS bl flyflys esa yksxksa ds lkFk
muds ekeys dh dsfQ;r dk gky rqedks ekywe gks tk,xk D;ksafd vDlj
dkfrcksa vkSj eqgjfjjksa esa bT+t+r o u[kor vkSj xq:j dk ekÌk gksrk gS vkSj
cgqr tYn yksxksa ls ijs'kku gks tkrs gSa vkSj fut+kv ds oD+r csd+jkj vkSj
dchnk gks tkrs gSa vkSj evkeys ij ut+js lkuh ds oD+r raxfny gks tkrs
gSa vkSj yksxksa dks viuh gktr dh ryc t+:jh gksrh gS il tc og vius
532
ljks ij rk[+khj vkSj l[+rh dks tek dj ysrs gS rks mldk ,sc rqe ij
pLika djrs gSa vkSj mldh t+sger o rdyhQ rqe ij Mkyrs gSa vkSj mlh
esa rqEgkjs mewj dh csgrjh gS vkSj lkFk gh lkFk rqedks mldk vtzs&vt+he
[+kqnk dh ckjxkg esa feysxkA ba'kk vYykgA
rkftjksa vkSj dkjhxjksa ds ftu mewj dh fuxgnk”rrkftjksa vkSj dkjhxjksa ds ftu mewj dh fuxgnk”rrkftjksa vkSj dkjhxjksa ds ftu mewj dh fuxgnk”rrkftjksa vkSj dkjhxjksa ds ftu mewj dh fuxgnk”rrkftjksa vkSj dkjhxjksa ds ftu mewj dh fuxgnk”r
okyh o gkfde dks j[kuh pkfg, mldk c;kuokyh o gkfde dks j[kuh pkfg, mldk c;kuokyh o gkfde dks j[kuh pkfg, mldk c;kuokyh o gkfde dks j[kuh pkfg, mldk c;kuokyh o gkfde dks j[kuh pkfg, mldk c;ku
rqe O;kikfj;ksa vkSj dkjhxjks vkSj m|ksxks ds ekfydksa ij ut+j
j[kks vkSj muds fy;s vPNh olhvr djks D;ksafd ;gh yksx rks vke balkuksa
ds fy, dkj vken ekík gSa ftudh dkjhxjh ls yksx Qk;nk mBkrs gSa vkSj
dkjhxjksa vkSj m|ksxksa ds ekfydksa dks [+kq'dh o rjh esa igkM+ksa dh pksfV;ksa
ls vkSj nq'euksa ds eqekfyd esa muds fy, tks uQkc[+'k pht+s gS mudks
eksg¸;k djrs gSaA muls Qk;nk mBkrs gSA vkSj ;g vgys luvr o
frtkjr mu txgksa ls dkj&vken pht+sa ys vkrs gSa ftudh vdlj yksxksa
dks [+kcj rd ugha gksrh vkSj u oks ogka ls ykus dh rkd+r j[krs gSa vkSj
u [+kqn vius vki dksbZ dkjhxjksa dk dke vatke ns ldrs gSaA il bu lc
ckrksa dh otg ls dkjhxjksa vkSj m|ksxksa ds ekfydksa ds dqN gqdwd+ o
gqjer gS ftudh fgQkt+r t+:jh gS il rqe muds vewj dh Nkuchu djks
vkSj muds eqrkfYyd+ vius vkfeyks dks fy[kksA mlds lkFk&lkFk ;g Hkh
tku yks fd muesa ls vdlj rkftj] datwl&ykyph gksrs gSa vkSj egaxk
Qjks[+r djus ds fy, eky dks jksd j[krs gS vkSj egaxkbZ ds ekSd+s dh
ryk'k esa csBs jgrs gSa oks yksxksa ij vjlk&,&g;kr rax cuk nsrs gSa vkSj
mu ij viuk gqDe pykrs gSa blls yksxksa dks cgqr cM+k uqd+lku igqaprk
gS vkSj ;g okfy;ksa vkSj gkfdeksa ds fy, ,sc dh ckr gSA il mudks mlls
euk djks vkSj bl flyflys esa rqe [+kqn muds ikl tkvks vkSj tks rqEgkjs
gqDe dh f[+kykQ ot+hZ djs mldks l[+r lt+k nksA ba'kk vYykgA
533
okyh o gkfde dks feLdhuksa vkSj eksgrktksa ds ftuokyh o gkfde dks feLdhuksa vkSj eksgrktksa ds ftuokyh o gkfde dks feLdhuksa vkSj eksgrktksa ds ftuokyh o gkfde dks feLdhuksa vkSj eksgrktksa ds ftuokyh o gkfde dks feLdhuksa vkSj eksgrktksa ds ftu
mewj dh fuxgnk'r djuh pkfg, mldk c;kumewj dh fuxgnk'r djuh pkfg, mldk c;kumewj dh fuxgnk'r djuh pkfg, mldk c;kumewj dh fuxgnk'r djuh pkfg, mldk c;kumewj dh fuxgnk'r djuh pkfg, mldk c;ku
vkSj rqe eksgrktksa vkSj feLdhuksa ds mewj ls ykijokgh vkSj
cs&roTtgh u djuk [+kqnk ds eky esa ls muds fy, ,d fgLlk e[+klwl
dj nsuk vkSj vYykg rvkyk us viuh fdrkc dqjvku ikd esa t+dkr vkSj
[ksjkr ds veoky ls muds fy, tks fgLls eqd+jZj dj fn, gS muesa
gd+&balkQ ds lkFk rd+lhe dj fn;k tk, vkSj vius reke vkeky esa
blls Mjrs jgks flQZ ,d gh txg ds yksx t+dkr o [+ksjkr ds nwljh
txg ds yksxksa ls T+;knk gd+nj ugha gSa cfYd tks elkdhu o eksgrkt nwj
ds 'kgjksa vkSj xkaoksa esa jgrs gSa mudk mruk gh gd+ gS ftruk fd ut+nhd
jgus okyksa dk gSA mu reke dh ijofj'k vkSj fuxjkuh dk dke rqe dks
lqiqnZ fd;k x;k gS il rqe nwljksa ds mewj dh fuxgnk'r dh otg ls mu
eksgrktksa vkSj feLdhuksa ds mewj ls x+kfQy vkSj yk ijokg uk cu tkuk
D;ksafd rqEgkjh tkfuc ls muesa ls gj ,d ds fy, ,d fgLlk eqd+jZj gS
vxj rqeus mldk fgLlk ugha fn;k rks rqe ekt+wj u le>s tkvksxsA rqe
mu Qqd+jkg vkSj elkdhu ds gkykr dh rsgd+hd+ djks ftudh gktrs
rqEgkjs ikl igqaph rd ugha gSa vkSj mu yksxksa dh gktrs vkSj t+:jh;kr
dks ekywe djks ftudks vka[ksa t+yhy le>rh gSa vkSj tc og rqEgkjs ikl
viuh gktr is'k djrs gSa rks yksx mudks gd+hj le>rs gS rqe mu
t+:jreanksa vkSj feLdhuksa ds fy, fdlh ,sls 'k[+l dks eqd+jZj dj nks tks
ck&,rckj gks ftldh ulhgr rqEgkjs ut+nhd fugk;r d+kfcys oqlwd+ gks
oks [kSj ds dkeksa esa fugk;r Mjrk gks vkSj [+kqnk ds okLrs cgqr T+;knk
rokt+ksv djrk gks vkSj oks ukrokuksa dks fgd+kjr ls u ns[krk gks vkSj u
cqjs yksxksa dks bT+t+r o 'kjQ dh ut+j ls ns[krk gks ,sls 'k[+l dks rqe ;g
gqDe nks fd oks t+:jreanksa ds ekeykr dks rqEgkjs :c: is'k djs vkSj fQj
rqe muds mewj esa [+kwc Nkuchu djks D;ksafd fjvk;k esa tks det+ksj o
ukrok vkSj yk&x+qj gS vny o balkQ vkSj fuxgnk'r dk mu yksxksa ls
T+;knk eksgrkt gS tks rjks rkt+k vkSj [kkrs&ihrs eksVs&rkt+s gSa vkSj rqe
chekj vkSj eqlhcr t+nk det+ksj yksxksa dh [kcj yks vkSj mu gktreanksa
dh [kcj yks tks vius vkidks Nqikrs gSa vkSj yksxksa ls Hkh[k ekaxus ds fy,
534
vius vkidks eUt+js vke ij ugha ykrs vkSj uk oks Hkh[k ekaxus ij ,srekn
j[krs gSA il rqe [+kqnk ls dqjcr o [kq'kh gkfly djus ds fy, [+kqnk ds
eky esa ls ,d fgLlk eqd+jZj dj nks D;ksafd vkeky lPph uh;rksa ls gh
[+kkfyl vkSj css&yksl gqvk djrs gSA
okyh o gkfde dks ftu vknkc vkSj gqLuks&lhjr lsokyh o gkfde dks ftu vknkc vkSj gqLuks&lhjr lsokyh o gkfde dks ftu vknkc vkSj gqLuks&lhjr lsokyh o gkfde dks ftu vknkc vkSj gqLuks&lhjr lsokyh o gkfde dks ftu vknkc vkSj gqLuks&lhjr ls
vkjkLrk gksuk pkfg, mudk c;kuvkjkLrk gksuk pkfg, mudk c;kuvkjkLrk gksuk pkfg, mudk c;kuvkjkLrk gksuk pkfg, mudk c;kuvkjkLrk gksuk pkfg, mudk c;ku
blds ckotwn ds rqe gj lkfgcs gd+ dks mldk gd+ nsrs gks fQj
Hkh muesa ls vdlj yksxksa dks bl ckr dk bedku gksuk pkfg, fd og
viuh gktrks dks [+kqn rqEgkjs :c: is'k djsa vxjps okfy;ksa vkSj gkfdeksa
ij ;g ,d fd+Le dk cks> vkSj rdyhQ gS vkSj gd+ rks cks>y gksrk gh
gS exj mu yksxksa ij ugha ftu ij ls [+kqnk us cks> dks gYdk dj fn;k
gS blh rjg [+kqnk dk lokc Hkh eht+ku esa Hkkjh vkSj cks>y gksrk gS il
rqe viuh tkfuc ls gktreanksa ds fy, dqN ljek;k e[+klwl dj nks vkSj
muds fy, ,d oD+r eqd+jZj dj nks ftlesa mudks rqels feyus dh iwjh
btkt+r gks vkSj oks rqEgkjs :c: tks dqN is'k djsa mldks [+kqn lquksA rqe
muls fugk;r yqRQ vkSj uehZ ls is'k vkvks vkSj muesa tks uknkuh vkSj
fgekd+r ¼csodwQh½ vkSj ge dykeh ls vktt+h gS rks rqe muds bl
etcwjh dks viuh rjg ls fcuk fdlh uQjr vkSj fpM+ fpM+kiu ds
cjnk'r dj yksA il muesa ls rqe ftudks bukekr ls uokt+ks rks fugk;r
[kank&is'kkuh ds lkFk bukekr nks vkSj rqe ftldks esg:e j[kuk pkgks rks
mldks gqLu o [+kwch ds lkFk okil ykSVk nksA okfy;ksa vkSj gkfdeksa ds
mewj dks lcls c<+dj tks pht+ t+k, djus okyh gS og mudh lqLrh gS
vkSj vkt ds dke dks dy ij vkSj bl ?kM+h ds dke dks nwljh ?kM+h ij
Mkyrs jguk gS vkSj ykft+e o okftc dkeksa dks NksM+dj x+Sj okftc dkeksa
esa e'kX+kwy gks tkuk gSaA il rqe gj dke ds fy, ,d oD+r e[+klwl dj
nks fQj mlls dHkh rqe ihNs u jguk fQj rqe ml oD+r esa viuh iwjh
dksf'k'k lQZ dj nks vkSj gj fnu ds reke dke dks vatke nks vkSj gj
iy vkSj gj ?kM+h dke esa lQZ djks vkSj rqe vius u¶l ds oklrs vius
vkSj [+kqnk ds njfe;ku vQt+y oD+r eqd+jZj dj yks vxjps mu reke
535
vkSd+kr esa rqEgkjh fu¸;r lPph gS rks oks lc vYykg ds fy, lQZ gq, gS
vkSj fnu o jkr esa vius nhuh Qjkbt+ ij fdlh vkSj pht+ dks eqd+n~ne
u djks gkykafd rqe ml nhuh Qt+Z dks vPNh rjg vUt+ke ns yks vkSj
vjlk njkt rd insZ esa uk jgks D;ksafd blls yksxksa dks rqels cnxqekuh
iSnk gks tk;sxh vkSj mewj esa rqEgkjs f[kykQ Qlkn gks tk,xkA D;ksafd
yksx rks c'kj gS muls tks x+kfyc pht+s gS oks mudk dksbZ bYe ugha j[krs
vkSj rqe vius njckuksa dks eqarf[kc djks muesa ls tks yksxksa ij vlj j[krs
gS vkSj nwljksa ds gd+ esa nLr njkth djrs gSa vkSj de balkQ djrs gSa
mudks gVk nks vkSj rqe gjfxt+ vius [kkunku okyksa eas ls ;k vius
ut+nhd ds fj'rsnkjksa esa ls fdlh dks dksbZ tkxhj uk nsuk vxj mlds
ut+nhd jgus okys yksxksa dks tkxhj esa uqdlku igqaprk gks rks ,slh tkxhj
[+kjhnus dh mudks btkt+r Hkh uk nsukA vkSj vxj rqEgkjs nq'eu rqedks
lqyg dh nkor nsa rks mldks d+cwy djus ls badkj u djuk D;ksafd lqyg
ls QkSt dks vkjke feyrk gS vkSj x+eksa ls futkr feyrh gS vkSj 'kgjksa esa
veu o veku QSy tkrk gS fQj tc rqe rkd+roj gks tkvks vkSj ekSd+k
gkFk vk tk, rks nq'eu ds vgnukes dks ykSVk nks vkSj mlls tax djus
ds fy, [+kqnk ls enn ekaxksa vkSj tc rqedks nq'eu lqysg dh nkor ns rks
rqe vius ls [+kwc cp dj cM+s ,sgfr;kr ls dke yks D;ksafd clk vkSd+kr
lqyg ds uke ls nx+k vkSj Qjsc fd;k tkrk gS vkSj tc rqe eqvkfgnk dj
yks rks mldks d+yecan dj yks fd oknk dks iwjk djksaxs vkSj rqe vekur
vkSj lPpkbZ ds lkFk viuh ft+Eesnkjh dh fgQkt+r djks vkSj [kcjnkj
dHkh Hkh [+kqnk ds vgn o iSeku ds lkFk x+n~nkjh vkSj oknk f[+kykQh u
djuk D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk us vius vgn vkSj viuh t+ekur dks veku
cukdj viuh jger ls mldks canksa ds fy, tkjh fd;k gS vkSj rax gkyr
esa lcz ls dke yksxs rks ;g raxh nwj gks tk,xhA xn~nkjh ls csgrj gS fd
rqe mlds bafrd+ke vkSj cqjs vatke ls Mjks tks [kwu gyky ugha mldks
cgkus esa igy djus ls cpks D;ksafd blls c<+dj fdlh vkSj pht+ dk
T;knk cqjk vatke ugha gS vkSj rqe det+ksj eqYd dks rkd+roj cukus dh
dksf'k'k uk djks D;ksafd rqEgs ekywe gS fd bl eqYd dh vkSj rqEgkjh cd+k
ls rqedks D;k fgLlk vkSj ulhck feysxk tc fd rqe blds ihNs viuh
tku dks gykd dj nksxs vkSj vius jc dh uk[+kq'kh Hkh vius lj eksy
yksxs vkSj rqe vius u¶l ij ?ke.M djus vkSj ,frekn djus ls cpks
536
D;ksafd ,sls ekSd+s dks 'kSrku vius fny esa fugk;r d+kfcys oqlqd+ Qqjlr
rlOoqj djrk gS vkSj rqe oD+r ls igys mewj ds vatke nsus esa tYnckth
ls dke u yks vkSj tc dke ds vatke nsus dk oD+r vkSj ekSd+k gks rks ml
oD+r lqLrh ls dke u yks vkSj tc vez nq'okj gks tk, mlds ckjs esa
>xM+k u djks vkSj tc mewj jks'ku gks tk, rks ml oD+r lqLrh u djks
D;ksafd gj vez ds fy, ,d egy o ed+ke gksrk gSA vkSj gj gkyr ds
fy, ,d lwjrs gky gqvk djrh gSA gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh
gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k gS fd vPNs dke dk gqDe nks vkSj cqjs
dkeksa ls jksdks vkSj ;kn j[kks fd ftl 'k[+l esa ;g rhu [klyrsa gksxh
ogh usd vey djus dk gqDe djsxk vkSj cqjs dke ls jksdsxkA ,d rks oks
ftl dke dk vez djs ;k ftl dke ls jksds mlesa ueÊ ls dke ys vkSj
nwljs ftl usd dke dk gqDe ns ;k ftl cqjs dke ls jksds rks mlesa vny
o balkQ ls dke ys vkSj rhljs ;g fd ftl usd dke dk vez djs ;k
ftl cqjs dke ls euk djs rks mlls vPNh rjg okfd+Q gksA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd og
beke tks [+kqnk oans rvkyk dh tkfuc ls eqd+jZj gS ;k og 'k[+l ftldks
beke us vius vkfny vkSj equflQ fet+kt okfy;ksa vkSj gkfdeksa esa ls
eqd+jZj fd;k gSA tc ;g yksx fdlh dh enn ryc djs rks mudh enn
djuh pkfg, vkSj tc dksbZ dke ns rks mldks ctk ykuk pkfg,A ftl
dke dk gqDe ns mldks beke ds okLrs ;k beke ds lkFk feydj vey
djuk vkSj mldh oyk;r esa enn djuk vYykg rvkyk dh brkvr gS
vkSj bl vey ls tks dekbZ gkfly gks og gyky gS vkSj t+kfye bekeksa
ds fy, dke djuk ;k mlds fy, dke djuk ftldks mUgksaus d+kbe
fd;k gS vkSj muds lkFk jgdj dekbZ djuk gjke gS vkSj mlesa [+kqnk dh
uk Qjekuh vkSj evfl;r gSA
tax ls igys ftu dkeksa dks vatke nsuk pkfg, mudktax ls igys ftu dkeksa dks vatke nsuk pkfg, mudktax ls igys ftu dkeksa dks vatke nsuk pkfg, mudktax ls igys ftu dkeksa dks vatke nsuk pkfg, mudktax ls igys ftu dkeksa dks vatke nsuk pkfg, mudk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
beke tkQ:Llkfnd+v-l- vkSj vkids finjs cqtqxZokj vkSj vkids
vkck&,&fdjke ls vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd tc vkagt+jrlvo
537
fdlh y'dj dks eqfge ij jokuk djrs rks lcls igys vki QkSt ds
vQljs vkyk dks vius fny esa vYykg rvkyk ls Mjus dh olh;r
Qjekrs Fks vkSj mlds gejkg tks eqlyeku gS muds lkFk gqLus lqywd dh
olh;r djrs Fks vkSj ;g olh;r djrs Fks fd rqe yksx [+kqnk ds uke ls
tax djks vkSj [+kqnk dh jkg esa tax djks vkSj jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ds nhu o
feYyr ds fy, tax djks vkSj ;kn j[kks tc rd rqe vius eís eqdkfcy
d+kSe ij gqTtr reke u dj yks ml oD+r rd muls tax u djuk oks
bl rjg fd igys rqe mudks dfyek yk bykgk bYyYykg eksgEenqu
jlwyYykg vkSj tks dqN eSa [+kqnk dh rjQ ls yk;k gw¡ mlds bd+jkj dh
nkor u dj yks tax uk djks vxj oks mu ckrksa dks d+cwy dj ys rks fQj
oks rqEgkjs nhuh HkkbZ gSa fQj ml oD+r rqe mudks vius ?kjks ls eqgkftjhu
ds ?kjksa dh rjQ eqarfd+y gksus dh nkor djksA vxj oks ogka ls eqarfd+y
gks tk,a rks Bhd ojuk mudks vkxkg dj nks fd oks nsgkrh eqlyekuksa ds
njts esa gSaA mu ij Hkh ogh vgdkesa bykgh tkjh gksxs tks reke
eqlyekuksa ij tkjh gSaA vycRrk veokys x+uher esa ls mudks dksbZ fgLlk
u feysxkA vxj oks bLyke d+cwy djus ls badkj dj ns rks ft+Yyr ds
lkFk tft+;k ¼VsDl½ nsus dh nkor nks vxj bl ij jkt+h gks tk,a rks
muls >xM+k uk djks vkSj tft+;ka nsus ls Hkh badkj dj nsa rks muds
f[kykQ tax djus ds fy, vYykg rvkyk ls enn ekaxks vkSj muls tax
djks vkSj ;kn j[kks tax esa fdlh cPps] cq<+s vkSj vkSjr dks d+Ry u djuk]
c'krZ ;g fd og rqels tax u djrs gksa vkSj tax ds njfe;ku fdlh dks
elyk ¼jksanuk½ u djuk ;kfu fdlh ds gkFk] dku] ukd oxSjg u dkVuk
vkSj u fdlh dks rkSd+ igukuk vkSj u x+n~nkjh djukA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vki y'dj dh jokuxh ls d+Cy
tklwlksa vkSj gjkoy nLrk dks Hkstuk equkflc le>rs FksA vkius Qjek;k
fd jlwys vdjel-v-o us vkes gqnsfc;k ds ekSds+ ij vkius d+chyk [+kt+kvk
esa ls ,d tklwl dks viuh jokuxh ls d+Cy Hkstk FkkA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls
eudwy gS fd vkius y'dj ds mrjus ds ckn [kand+ ¼[kkbZ½ [kksnus dh
:[+kLr nh gSA bl flyflys esa vkius jlwyYykgl-v-o ds [kand+ [kksnus dk
ft+Ø Qjek;k FkkA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vki geyk djus ls
igys ijpe vkSj fu'kku cka/k ysuk equkflc [+;ky djrs FksA gt+jr
vyhvl- ls fjok;r gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k gS fd fdlh d+kSe ls
538
ml oD+r rd tax uk djuk pkfg, tc rd fd mudks nhus gd+ dh
rjQ cqyk uk fy;k tk, ;kfu tcfd muds ikl nkors bLyke igqaph u
gks vkSj vxj nkor igq¡p pqdh gS vkSj nkor ds t+fj;s mu ij gqTtr
reke dh gks rks csgrj gS vkSj igys mlds fd mudks bLyke dh rjQ
cqyk;k tk, muls tax dh xbZ njgkykafd mudks nkor igq¡p pqdh Fkh rks
fQj dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA pqukaps vkagt+jrl-v-o us Hkh cuh eqLryd+ ij ml
oD+r geyk dj fn;k Fkk tcfd og x+kfQy FksA vkius muls tax dh Fkh
vkSj mudh vkSykn dks d+Sn dj fy;k Fkk vkSj vkius tax ds oD+r mudks
dksbZ nkor ugha dh FkhA
gt+jr vyhv-l- Qjekrs gSa fd vkt rks yksx vPNh rjg okfd+Q
gks pqds gSa fd mudks fdl pht+ dh rjQ cqyk;k tkrk gS vkSj gt+jr
vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us gqDe fn;k gS fd tax ls igys
tks vykerh yQt+ gksrk gs mldk ,syku dj nsuk pkfg,A vkSj rqEgkjh
QkSt dk vykerh yQt+ vYykg ds uke esa ls dksbZ ,d uke gksuk
pkfg,A [+kqnk csgrj tkurk gS fd ;g gqDe eqLrfgc gS okftc ugha gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd taxs cnz esa vlgkcs
jlwyYykgl-v-o dk 'kvkj ¼fu'kku½ ;k eulwjs mEer Fkk taxs cnz esa
eqgkftjhu dk 'kvkj ;k cuh vCnqyYykg vkSj [+kt+jt dk ;k cuh
vCnqjZgeku vkSj vksl dk ;k cuh mcSnqYykg FkkA beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh
gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck d+chyk et+huk ds dqN yksx jlwy
vdjel-v-o dh f[+kner esa gkft+j gq, muls jlwy vdjel-v-o us Qjek;k
fd rqEgkjk 'kvkj D;k gS\ rks mUgksuas dgk fd ^gjke* gekjk 'kvkj gS
vkius Qjek;k fd ugha cfYd rqEgkjk 'kvkj ^gyky* gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us
taxs gquSu ds ekSd+s ij ;g dgdj yksxksa dh gkSlyk vQt+kbZ dh Fkh fd
tks cx+Sj Hkjiwj t+[e [kk,] fxj¶rkj gks tk,xk og gees ls 'kqekj u
gksxkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd vkius dqQk ds feEcj ls bl
rjg yksxksa dks fgEer fnykbZ Fkh fd , fxjksg vgys dwQk! rqe yksx
nq'euksa ls tax esa lcz o fgEer vkSj 'kkarh ls dke ysuk ojuk [+kqnk rqe
ij ,slh d+kSe dks eqlYyr dj nsxk fd ftlls rqe ml gd+ ds T+;knk
eqLrfgd+ gksA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd eSnku ls Hkkx
539
tkuk cM+k xqukg gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- us Qjek;k gS fd tks 'k[+l
nks vknfe;ksa ds eqd+kcysa ls Hkkx tk, rks ;g dgk tk,xk fd og Hkkx
x;k vkSj tks rhu vknfe;ksa ds eqd+kcys ls Hkkx tk, rks ,sls 'k[+l dks
HkxksMk ugha dgk tk,xk D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk us eqlyekuksa ij ;g QtZ+
fd;k gS fd og eq'fjdhu dh nqxuh rknkn ds eqd+kfcy tax djsA
gt+jr vyh ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl v o us nk:y gjc ¼og
txg tgka dq¶Qkj dh gqdqer gks vkSj ogka [+kqnk dh bcknr djus ls euk
fd;k tkrk gks½ ox+Sjg esa vxj Qynkj nj[+r gksa rks mldks m[kkM+us vkSj
tykus ls euk Qjek;k gSA gkykafd eqlyekuksa ds Qk;ns ds fy, mldks
m[kkM+k tk, rks dksbZ gtZ ugha gS D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd
%
ek d+rvrqe feu yhufru vo rjdrqew gk d+kberu vyk mlwfygk Q
fcbt+fuYykfg o fy;q[kft+;y Qkfld+hu 28&59@5 rtqZek % [ktwj dk
nj[r tks rqeus dkV Mkyk ;k twa dk raw mudh tMk+s ij [kM+k jgus fn;k
rks [+kqnk gh ds gqDe ls vkSj eryc ;g Fkk fd oks uk&Qjekuksa dks :lok
djsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkids ut+nhd ;g ckr ed:g
vkSj uk ilanhnk gS fd tax ds oD+r enZ viuk gfFk;kj Mky nsA lykrqy
[kkSQ ds ekSd+s ij vYykg rvkyk us ft+Ø Qjek;k gS fd %
oy ;v[kqt+w vfLyg%rgqe 5&4@102 rtqZek % vkSj viuh fgQkt+r dh
pht+sa vkSj gfFk;kj ¼uekt+ esa½ lkFk fy;s jgksA vkSj mlds ckn Qjek;k gS
fd %
on ny yt+huk dQ: yks rxQqyqu% vu vl~fyg%frdqe o ve~frv%
frdqe Q ;ehywu% vySdqe eSyru okfgnru rtqZek % dq¶Qkj rks ;g
pkgrs gh gSa fd dk'k rqe vius gfFk;kjksa vkSj vius lkt+ks lkeku ls t+jk
x+Qyr djks rks bd ckjx+h lc ds lc rqe ij VwV iMa+sA il vQt+y vkSj
540
csgrj ;gh gS fd tks 'k[+l eSnkus ftgkn esa gks oks fdlh gky esa Hkh viuk
gfFk;kj vyx u djsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vki lwjt ds t+oky ds ckn tc
fd uekt+s t+ksgj i<+h tk pqdh gks ml oD+r tax dh bfCrnk djuk ilan
Qjekrs FksA vki Qjekrs Fks fd ikap ekSd+s ij nqvk dks x+uher le>ks
frykors dqjvku ds oD+r] vt+ku ds oD+r] ckfj'k ds oD+r] Qjhd+su ds eqB
HksM+ ds oD+r vkSj et+ywe dh iqdkj ds oD+rA vki tc vius nq'eu ls
eqd+kcyk djrs gksrs rks ;g nqvk i<+rs Fks ckjs bykgk! rqgh esjs fy, iukg
vkSj ukflj o ennxkj gS ckjs bykgk! rsjh dqOor ds Hkjksls ij esa geyk
djrk gw¡ vkSj tax djrk gwaA vki Qjekrs gSa fd jlwys vdjel-v-o us taxs
vksgn ds ekSd+s ij bl rjg nqvk dh Fkh fd ckjs bykgk! rsjh t+kr reke
gEnks luk ds yk;d+ gSA vkSj rsjs gh njckj esa f'kdk;r dh tkrh gS vkSj
rq>h ls enn ekaxh tkrh gSA ml oD+r ftczbZyv-l- ukft+y gq, vkSj
Qjek;k fd , eksgEEnl-v-o- vkius vYykg dks mlds lcls cM+s uke ls
iqdkjk gSA
rjhd+k&, tax dk c;kurjhd+k&, tax dk c;kurjhd+k&, tax dk c;kurjhd+k&, tax dk c;kurjhd+k&, tax dk c;ku
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l vkSj vkids finj cqtqxZokj ls vkSj
vkids vkck&,&fdjke ls vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS fd tc jlwys
vdjel-v-o eqd+kcyk djrs gksrs rks igys iSny QkSt fQj ?kqM+lokj QkSt
vkSj fQj Å¡V lokj QkSt dks rjrhc ls [kM+k dj nsrs Fks vkSj gt+jr
vyhv-l ls ejoh gS fd vki tc tax ds fy, dwp djrs rks QkSt ds nLrksa
dks eqjfRrc djrs vkSj d+chyksa dks eqrQfj~jd+ dj nsrs FksA muesa ls gj
fxjksg ij ,d 'k[+l dks eqd+jZj dj nsrs vkSj lQksa dks vkjkLrk djrs vkSj
?kksM+slokj QkSt dks rjrhc ls [kM+k dj nsrs fQj tax ds fy, dwp djrs
FksA
vki tc tax ds fy, dwp djrs rks QkSt dks rhu VwdfM+;ksa esa
rd+lhe dj nsrs FksA eseuk ¼nk;sa rjQ½] es;ljk ¼ck;sa rjQ½ vkSj d+Yc
¼chp esa½ tgka vki [+kqn r'kjhQ j[krs FksA vki mudks vkil esa jkcrk
d+k;e djrs Fks vkSj mu ij ljcjkg dks eqd+jZj djrs FksA vki yksxksa dks
541
vkfgLrk cksyus vkSj nqvk djus dk gqDe nsrs Fks vkSj vki mudks vius
fnyksa dks etcwr j[kus vkSj viuh viuh ryokjksa dks fE;ku ls ckgj j[kus
vkSj viuh rknkn dk eqt+kfgjk djus vkSj gj 'k[+l dks viuh txg ij
lkfcr d+ne jgus vkSj tks nq'eu ij geyk djrk mldks geys ds ckn
okil vkdj lQ esa [kM+s jgus dk gqDe Qjekrs FksA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS fd vkius eqd+kcys ds fy, lkeus
okys dks yydkjus dh btkt+r nh gSA jlwys vdjel-v-o ds vgns eqckjd
esa tks yksx eqd+kcys ds fy, lQ ls ckgj fudys FksA vkius mudk ft+Ø
Hkh fd;k FkkA vkius tax ds vkslkQ dks bl rjg c;ku Qjek;k gS fd
igys iSny QkSt dks vkxs djuk pkfg,A fQj rhjvanktksa dks rkfd og
[kwc rhj cjlk,a vkSj y'dj ds nksuksa ckt+w d+jhc&d+jhc gkas vkSj et+cwr
?kksM+slokj nLrs dks ijpe vkSj eqd+Ìe&rqy&tS'k ¼vkxs jgus okys tRFks½
ds fy, Hkjiwj Hkjksls ds lkFk dqOor cukvksA vxj dksbZ ?kqM+lokj nq'eu
ds y'dj ls fudydj vk, rks mlds fy, vius ejdt+ ls u gVs ysfdu
ftldks ekywe gks fd nq'eu mlds fu'kkus ij gS rks og vius ejdt+ dks
et+cwr cukus ds ckn vius ejdt+ ls gVs vkSj ekSd+s ls Qk;nk mBk, vkSj
tc vius ed+ln esa d+ke;kc gks tk, rks vius ejdt+ ij okil vk tk,
vkSj tc rqe geyk djus dk bjknk djks rks lkfgcqy d+íek ;kfu gjkoy
nLrs dk vQljs vkyk igy djs vxj og det+ksj gks tk, rks QkSt dk
ikapok nLrk vkSj elyg QkSt pkjksa rjQ >kfM+;ksa esa vkSj Å¡ph txgkas ij
fgQkt+r ds fy, vius fBdkuksa esa Nqis jgasA vkSj vxj rqe ij geys dh
igy nq'eu djs rks ml oD+r rqe [+kwc ust+k ekjks vkSj viuh txg ij
lkfcr d+ne jgks vkSj lcz ls dke yks vkSj rhjvanktksa dks Hkh [+kwc rhj
cjlkuk pkfg, vkSj ijpeksa dks [+kwc ygjkvks vkSj <kyksa dks [ku[kukvks
vkSj tks yksx ft+jgikss'k gS oks nq'euksa ds :c: gks tk,aA vxj og ekewyh
lh Hkh f'kdLr [kk tk,a rks mu ij lcls igyk nLrk geyk djs vkSj lc
feydj bd ckjxh geyk u djs tc rd fd geyk djus okyk nq'eu ds
:c: [kM+k jgs vxj oks [kM+k u jg lds rks rqe mldh FkksM+h FkksM+h enn
djks vkSj rqe viuh lQksa ls fpeVs jgks vkSj viuh txgksa ij lkfcr
d+ne jgksA il tc f'kdLr ds vklkj ut+j vk tk,a rks rqe yksx viuh
tekr ds lkFk cx+Sj frrj fcrj gq, QkSth rjrhc dh lwjr esa okil gks
tkvksA
542
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj nq'eu rqEgkjh
tkfuc dwp djs rks [kand+ks ds njokt+ksa ij lQ cLrk gks tkvksA il ogka
ryokjksa ds flok vkSj dqN Hkh ugha gS vkSj lQkssa dks eqLrgfde djus ds
ckn t+ehu ij lkfcr d+ne jgus ds flok vkSj dqN u djks rqe muds
psgjksa dh rjQ uk ns[kks vkSj mudh rknkn ls rqe [+kkSQ uk [kkvksA exj
ftl t+ehu esa rqEgkjs oru gSA mu ij ut+j j[kksA vxj og rqe ij
geyk dj ns rks rqe nks t+kuw gksdj cSB tkvks vkSj lQ cLrk eqLrgfde
gkyr esa cx+Sj fdlh f'kxkQ ds <kyks ds ihNs Nqi tkvks vkSj vxj ihB
fQjkd+j Hkkx [kM+s gks rks mu ij ryokjksa ls rqe geyk dj nks vkSj vxj
og lkfcr d+ne jgsa rks rqe Hkh QkSth rjrhc ds lkFk lkfcr d+ne jgksA
vxj og f'kdLr [kk,a rks vius ?kksM+ks ij lokj gksdj nq'euksa dh ryc
esa fudy tkvks vkSj iukg c&[+kqnk rqe f'kdLr [kk tkvks rks ckge nqvk
djks vkSj ml oD+r vYykg dks ;kn djks vkSj ml lt+k dks ;kn djks
ftlls [+kqnk us eSnku ls Hkkx tkus okykass dks Mjk;k gS vkSj ftldks rqe
ihB fQjkrs gq, ns[kksa mldks VqdM+s VqdM+s dj nks vkSj >aMks dks bdV~Bk
djds cka/k yks vkSj tks FkksM+s eky o vlckc okys vkSj vklku gkyr esa gS
og f'kdLr [kwjnkg yksxksa dks tYnh ls tekr vkSj Nkaoksa esa bdV~Bk dj
ysa vkSj tks bl gky esa gks oks rqEgkjh rjQ Hkkxdj pyk vk,A il tc
rqEgkjs vrjkQ ¼vkl&ikl½ tek gks tk,a vkSj rqedks benkn igq¡p tk,
vkSj f'kdLr [kqjnkg QkSt okil vk tk, rks yksxksa dks muds d+kbnhu
¼ljnkj½ ds lkFk dj nks vkSj mudks eqLrgfde rkSj ls vkjkLrk dj yksA
fQj tax djks vkSj [+kqnk ls enn ekaxksa vkSj lcz o rgEeqy ¼cjnk”r½ ls
dke yks vkSj f'kdLr ds oD+r lkfcr d+ne jgus esa vkSj nq'eu dh QkSt
ij ,d rUgk 'k[+l dk viuh 'kqtkvr ij Hkjkslk djds geyk djas rks
mlesa cgqr Qt+y o lokc gSA
tSlk fd beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd taxs
vksgn esa tc vlgkc jlwy vdjel-v-o ls tqnk gks x, vkSj flQZ vkids
lkFk gt+jr vyhv-l- lkfcr d+ne jgs yksxksa dk ml oD+r tks gky Fkk og
ekywe gSA ml oD+r jlwyYykgl-v-o- us Qjek;k fd , vyh rqe Hkh pys
tkvks rks vkius ;g Qjek;k jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o dks NksM+dj eSa dSls pyk
tkš \ ,slk ugh gks ldrk cfYd eSa vkils igys viuh tku vki ij
d+qjcku dj nwaxk vkSj esjk [+kwu vkids [+kwu ls igys cg tk,xkA il jlwys
543
[+kqnkl-v-o us ;g lqudj vkidh [+kwc rkjhQ dhA fQj vkius ns[kk fd
nq”euksa dk ,d nLrk vkidh rjQ c<+ jgk gS rks vkius Qjek;k fd ,
vyhv-l- rqe ml ij geyk dj nksA pqukaps gt+jr vyhv-l- us ml y'dj
ij geyk djds mldks eqRrQfj~jd dj fn;kA vkSj g''kke fcu me¸;k
e[ktw+eh dks d+Ry dj MkykA fQj nwljk y'dj vk;kA jlwy [+kqnkl-v-o us
fQj gt+jr vyhv-l-ls Qjek;k fd , vyhv-l- rqe bl y'dj ij Hkh
geyk dj nksA pqukps vkius ml ij geyk djds mldks Hkh eqUrf'kj dj
fn;k vkSj mej fcu vCnqYykg vytgeh dks ekj MkykA fQj nwljk
y'dj vk;k vkagt+jrl-v-o us fQj gt+jr vyhv-l- dks Qjek;k fd ,
vyhv-l- bl ij geyk dj nksA il gt+jr vyhv-l- us ml ij geyk
djds mldks eqUrf'kj dj fn;kA vkSj cuh vkfej fcu yksob ds HkkbZ 'ksck
fcu ekfyd dks d+Ry dj MkykA ml oD+r ftczbZyv-l- jlwyYykgl-v-o ds
lkFk&lkFk FksA ml oD+r ftczbZyv-l- us dgk fd , eksgEenlvo ;g vyhvl-
dh vkids lkFk eoklkr vkSj gennhZ gSA vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k fd ,
ftczbZyv-l- vyhv-l- eq>lsa gaS vkSj eSa vyh ls gw¡A ml oD+r ftczbZyv-l- cksy
mBs fd , eksgEenl-v-o vkSj eSa rqe nksuksa esa ls gw¡A
eq'kfjdhu ls tax djus dk c;kueq'kfjdhu ls tax djus dk c;kueq'kfjdhu ls tax djus dk c;kueq'kfjdhu ls tax djus dk c;kueq'kfjdhu ls tax djus dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
Q bt+u ly[ky v'kgq:y gq:eks Qd+rqyqy eq'kfjdhu% gSlks otnRrqewgqe
10&9@5 rtqZek % fQj tc gqjer ds pkjksa eghus xqt+j tk,a rks eq'kfjdks dks
tgka ikvks cs&rkEeqy d+Ry dj nksA vkSj nwljs eqd+ke ij b'kkZn gS fd %
Q bt+k yd+hrqeqy yt+hu% dQ: Qt+jcj fjd+kfc gRRkk bt+k vl~[kurqewgqe
Q'kqíqy olkd+ 26&47@4 rtqZek % rks tc rqe dkfQjks ls fHkM+ks rks
mudh xnZus ekjksA ;gka rd fd tc rqe mudks t+[eksa ls pwj dj Mkyks
rks mudh e'kds dl yksA vkSj nwljs ed+ke ij b'kkZn gS fd %
544
od+rqywgqe gSlks lfd+Qrqewgqe o v[kfjtw gqe feu gSlks v[kjtw dqe
2&2@191 rtqZek % vkSj rqe mu eq'kfjdks dks tgka ikvks ekj gh MkyksA
vkSj mu yksxksa us tgka ¼eDdk ls½ rqEgs 'kgj cnj fd;k gS rqe mUgs ckgj
djks vkSj b'kkZns ckjh gS fd %
mft+u% fyYyt+hu% ;qd+kryqu% fcvUugqe tqfyew o bUuYykg% vyk ulfjfge
y dnhj 17&22@39 rtqZek% eqlyekuksa ls dq¶Qkj yM+k djrs Fks pwafd
og cgqr lrkrs Fks bl otg ls mUgas Hkh ftgkn dh btkt+r ns nh xbZ
vkSj [+kqnk rks mu yksxksa dh enn ij ;d+huu d+kfnj gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd reke :, t+ehu
vkSj tks dqN blds vanj gS og reke vYykg vkSj mlds vkSfy;k fdjke
vkSj muds vrck eqvfeuhu dk gd+ gS il t+ehu dk tks fgLlk mu
dkfQjksa vkSj t+kfyeksa ds gkFkksa esa gS mlds gd+nkj rks vkSfy;k mYykg gaSA
og bl flyflys esa et+ywe gSA bl jkg esa mudks ftgkn dh btkt+r nh
xbZ gSA pqukaps mlds eqrkfYyd+ [+kqnk oans rvkyk dk ;g b'kkZn gS fd %
ek vQkvYykgks vyk jlwfygh feu vgfyy d+qjk 28&59@7 rtqZek %
rks tks eky [+kqnk us vius jlwy dks nsgkr okyksa ls cs yM+s fnyok fn;k
gS il QhbZ fdlh pht ds vius vgy vkSj vly txg dh rjQ ykSV
tkus dks dgrs gSA bl ij ls ;g Hkh dgk tkrk gS fd Qk vy QhbZ tc
fd lk;k ykSV tkrk gS vkSj mlh ds eqrkfcd+ vYykg rvkyk dk ;g
b'kkZn Hkh gS fd %
Q bu QkÅ Q bUuYykg% x+Qq:j jghe 2&2@226A rtqZek % vxj ykSV
tk,a rks [+kqnk c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gSA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenv-l- dh
f[kner esa vt+Z fd;k x;k fd yksx ;g dgrs gS fd ;g vk;r djhek mu
545
eqgkftjhu ds ckjs esa ukft+y gqbZ Fkh ftudks eDdk ls 'kgj cnj dj fn;k
x;k Fkk D;ksafd bl ft+Ø ds ckn gh [+kqnk us Qjek;k gS fd %
vy yt+hu% m[kfjtw feu fn;kfjfge fcxSfj gfD+d+u bYyk vU;dwyw
jCcuYykgks 17&22@40 rtqZek % oks eqlyeku ftudks uk gd+ muds ?kjks
¼eDdk ls½ 'kgj&cnj dj fn;k x;k mudk flQZ ;gh dlwj Fkk fd og
;g dgrs Fks fd gekjk ijojfnxkj vYykg gSA vkius lkby ls Qjek;k
fd ;g vk;rs djhek eqgkftjhu ds ckjs esa gS vkSj mu reke yksxksa ds ckjs
esa tks muds gky ls eq'kkcsg ¼mu tSls½ gS ftudk geus ft+Ø fd;k gSA
vxj eku fy;k tk, fd ;g vk;r eqgkftjhu ds fy, e[+klwl gS rks
bldk eryc ;g gqvk fd eqgkftjhu ds vykok nwljksa dks ftgkn dh
btkt+r ugha gSA gkykafd vYykg rvkyk us eq'kfjdksa dks d+Ry djus dk
vke rkSj ls gqDe fn;k gS vkSj vkagkt+jrl-v-o us ;g crk fn;k gS fd mu
reke eq'kfjdhu esa ls ckt+ d+Ry ls eqLrLuk gS D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk dk
b'kkZn gS fd %
o vut+yuk bySdt+ ft+dj% fy rqc;~f;u% fyuukfl ek uqt+fty%
bySfge 14&16@44 rtqZek % vkSj geus rqe ij ;g dqjvku ukft+y fd;k
gS rkfd tks vgdke yksxksa ds fy, ukft+y fd, x, gS rqe muls lkQ
lkQ c;ku dj nksA
ge blesa igys ;g fy[k pqds gS fd vkSjrksa] cPpksa] cq<+ksa dks ml
oD+r rd uk d+Ry fd;k tk, tc rd fd og [kwajst+ tax u djsA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us taxs cnz ds ekSd+s
ij yksxksa ls ;g Qjek;k Fkk fd [+kkunku vCnqy eqRrfyc esa ls ftldks
rqe d+Sn dj ldks mldks d+Ry uk djks D;ksafd mudks eSnkus&tax dh
rjQ etcwj djds yk;k x;k gSA blls ekywe gqvk gS fd tks yksx buds
gefeLy gksa rks gLcs&dqnjr mudks d+Ry ls egQwt+ j[kk tk,A gt+jr
vyhv l ls fjok;r gS fd d+chyk&,&[+kq'kve dh rjQ vkagt+jrl-v-o- us
,d y'dj dks jokuk Qjek;k tc d+chyk&,&[k'kve dks muds vkus
dk vglkl gqvk rks og ltns esa fxjdj iukg ekaxus yxs exj mUgksaus
546
muesa ls ckt+ dks ekjk MkykA tc bldh bfRryk jlwy [+kqnkl-v-o- dks gqbZ
rks vkius mudks d+Ry djuk uk ilan fd;k vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd muds
ltnk djus dh otg ls muds okfjlksa ds fy, vDy ;kfu [+kwu cgk dk
fuLQ ¼vk/kk½ fgLlk gS vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd eSa gj ml eqfLye ls cjh
gq¡ tks ,d ?kj esa eq'kfjd ds lkFk BgjsxkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd eq'kfjdksa dks yksgs
iRFkj vkx ikuh oxSjg ftl pht+ ls Hkh d+Ry djuk eqefdu gks mudks
d+Ry djuk pkfg, vkius Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us vgys&rkbQ ij
eUtuhd+ uLc dj fn;k Fkk vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd vxj eq'kfjdksa ds
lkFk muds fd+ys esa eqlyeku dh Hkh tekr gks vkSj og mudks vius lkFk
[kM+k dj ys rks mudks rhj ekjus dk d+ln uk djksA rqe eq'kfjdksa dks rks
rhj ls ekjks ysfdu eqlyekuksa dks [+kcjnkj djks fd vxj mudks tcznLrh
yk [kM+k fd;k x;k gS rks cpsa vkSj ftl d+nz muls nwj jg lds nwj jgsaA
vxj rqe us muesa ls fdlh eqlyeku dks d+Ry dj fn;k rks mldk [+kwu
cgk nsuk iM+sxkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj rqedks
vgys&gjc esa ls dksbZ 'k[+l gkFk yx tk, vkSj oks ;g nkok djs fd og
rqEgkjh rjQ d+kfln cudj vk;k gS rks vxj mldk irk vkSj lcwr fey
tk, rks rqe mldk dqN ugha dj ldrs tc rd fd og viuk iSx+ke
igq¡pkdj vius vlgkc ls uk tk feysA vxj rqEgsa mlds d+kfln gksus dk
dksbZ lcwr uk feys rks mldh ckr uk d+cwy djksA
d+Sfn;ksa ds vgdke dk c;kud+Sfn;ksa ds vgdke dk c;kud+Sfn;ksa ds vgdke dk c;kud+Sfn;ksa ds vgdke dk c;kud+Sfn;ksa ds vgdke dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
Q bt+k yd+hrqeqy yt+hu% dQ: Qt+j cj fjd+kfc gRrk bt+k vl~[ku
rqewgqe Q'kqíqy olkd+% QbEek eu ue cvnks o bEek fQnkvu gRrk
547
rt+%vy gjcks vot+kjgk 26&47@4 rtqZek % rqe tc dkfQjksa ls fHkM+ks rks
mudh xnZus ekjks ;gka rd fd tc rqe mUgs t+[eksa ls pwj dj Mkyks rks
mudh e'kdsa dl yksA fQj mlds ckn ;k rks vglku j[k dj NksM+ nsuk
;k eqvkot+k ysdj fjgk djukA ;gka rd fd nq'eu yM+kbZ ds gfFk;kj j[k
nsA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls jok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us
taxs cnz esa dqN yksxksa dks d+Sn dj fy;k Fkk vkSj muls eqvkot+k ysdj
NksM+ fn;k FkkA il beke dks bf[+r;kj gS fd tc eq'kfjdksa ij vYykg
rvkyk mldks vekur vrk djs rks og pkgs mudks d+Ry dj Mkys ;k
d+Sn dj ys vkSj mudks veoky x+uher esa Mkydj dj fdjvk vankth
¼fpV~Bh mBkuk½ ds t+kjh, rd+lhe dj nsA muesa ls ftu ij vglku
djuk equkflc le>s rks mu ij vglku djs vkSj ftuls eqvkot+k ysuk
equkflc le>s muls eqvkotk ysdj NksM+ nsA tcfd beke dks bl ckr
dk iwjk bYe gks fd og tks dqN Hkh djsxk mlesa eqlyekuksa dh HkykbZ vkSj
csgrjh gS vkSj eq'kfjdksa ds fd+ys esa ls dksbZ fudy dj pyk vk, ;k fdlh
eqlyeku ds gqDe ij eq'kfjdksa ds y'dj ls dksbZ ckgj pyk vk,A il
mlds eqrkfYyd+ og ;g gqDe djs fd mldks X+kqyke cuk fy;k tk, ;k
d+Ry dj fn;k tk, ;k og ft+Eeh ¼tft+;k nsdj jgus okys½ ds rkSj ij
jgs rks mu reke lwjrksa eas og tks Hkh gqDe nsxk tkbt+ gksxkA vxj mlds
f[+kykQ gqDe djsxk rks og tkbt+ uk gksxkA fQj mlds gqDe ls mldh
iukgxkg dh tkfuc mldks ykSVk fn;k tk, vkSj mlls tax dh tk,A
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS fd cuh d+jht+k lvn
fcu evkt+ ds gqDe ij vius fd+ys ls ckgj fudy vk, FksA il
vkagt+jrl-v-o us lvn dks gqDe fn;k fd og mldk QSlyk djsA il
mUgksaus ;g QSlyk fd;k fd muesa ls tks tax djrs gaS mudks d+Ry dj
fn;k tk, vkSj mudh vkSykn dks xqyke cuk fy;k tk,A ml oD+r
vkagt+jrlvo us lvn ls Qjek;k fd rqeus vYykg ds ml gqDe ds
eqrkfcd+ QSlyk fd;k gS tks lkr vkleku ls mrjk gSA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd okftc gS fd d+Snh
dks [kkuk f[kyk;k tk, vkSj ikuh fiyk;k tk, vkSj mlds lkFk uehZ dh
tk, pkgs mldks d+Ry djus dk gh bjknk D;ks u gksA
548
beke gqlSuv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd eqlyeku d+Snh dks
vkt+kn djuk ml lj t+ehu ds yksxksa ij okftc gS tgka mlus tax dh
FkhA
iukg vkSj veku nsus dk c;kuiukg vkSj veku nsus dk c;kuiukg vkSj veku nsus dk c;kuiukg vkSj veku nsus dk c;kuiukg vkSj veku nsus dk c;ku
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k gS fd
reke eqlyekuks dh t+ekur ,d gh uksb¸;r dh gksrh gS muesa ,d vnuk
vkneh Hkh fdlh dh t+ekur ys ldrk gS vkius Qjek;k fd ,d erZck
vkagt+jrl-v-o us efLtns [+kSQ esa [+kqrck fn;kA mlesa vkius Qjek;k fd
ml 'k[+l ij [+kqnk dh jger ftlus esjh ckr lquh vkSj mldks ;kn j[kk
vkSj ftlus mldks ugha lquk Fkk ml rd igq¡pk fn;kA il ;kn j[kks fd
fdrus gkfeys fQd+g ,sls gS tks gd+hd+r esa Qd+hgk ugha gS vkSj fdrus
vkfey fQd+g rks ,sls gaS tks vius ls cqyan ik;k fQd+g ds eksgrkt gSA
vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd ;g rhu ckrsa ,slh gaS fd ftuds lkFk enZ eqvfeu
dk fny [+k;kur ugha djrkA cs ywl vey] eqlyekuksa ds vbEek dks
^^uqlqgr** ;kfu [+kSj [+okgh djuk vkSj mudh tqekr dks ulhgr djuk
D;ksafd mudh nkor eqlyekuksa ij eqghr gS vkSj reke eqlyeku HkkbZ HkkbZ
gaSA mudk [+kwu ;dlka vkSj cjkcj gSA muesa ls vnuk vkneh Hkh fdlh dh
t+ekur ys ldrk gSA il tc dksbZ eqlyeku fdlh eq'kfjd dks iukg ns
rks okftc ugha gS fd mldh t+ekur dks rksM+ fn;k tk,A eq'kfjdksa ds
lkeus bLyke dh 'krsZ is'k dh tk,A il vxj og bLyke ykuk d+cwy
dj ys ;k fQj ft+Eeh cudj jgs rks Bhd gS ojuk mudh iukgxkgksa dh
rjQ okil djds muls tax dh tk,A vxj mlds cxSj muesa ls fdlh
dks d+Ry dj fn;k x;k rks mlds d+kfry ij [+kwu cgk nsuk okftc gS
tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
Q rghjjks jdcfre eksfeufru ofn;%rqu eqlYyerqu byk vgfygh
5&4@92 rtqZek % vkSj ,d cans eqvfeu dk vktkn djuk okftc gS vkSj
d+kfry ij okfjlkus ed+rwy dks [kwu cgk nsuk okftc gSA jlwys vdjel-
549
v-o ls vkSj beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ;g ejoh gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd eq'kfjdksa
dks vxj dksbZ ft+Eeh ;k eq'kfjd eqlyekuksa ds lkFk mudh Nkaouh esa
iukg ns rks mldh tekur ed+cwy uk dh tk,A
gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ
eqlyeku fdlh eq'kfjd dks iukg nsus dk b'kkjk djs vkSj og mlds gqDe
ij mrj vk, rks og iukg vkSj veku esa gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l
Qjekrs gS veku fdlh tqcku gks tkbt+ gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls
ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj dksbZ eq'kfjd iukg pkgrs gq, eqlyekuksa
dh ljt+eh esa nkf[ky gks tk, vkSj fQj ogka ls ykSVdj tkuk pkgs rks og
nk:y eqfLyehu ls dksbZ ,slk gfFk;kj ysdj uk tk, tks mlds fy,
eqQhn vkSj dkjs vken gks vkSj dksbZ ,slh pht Hkh uk ys tkus ik, ftlls
og tax djus ij d+kfnj gks tk, vkSj iukg ekaxus okys eq'kfjdks ds
njfe;ku tks ekeykr nk:y gjc ¼tgka eq'kfjdksa dk d+Ct+k gks½ esa Fks og
vius ekeykr dk QSlyk djus ds fy, eqlyekuksa ds :c: is'k djs rks
muds ,sls ekeykr dk dksbZ QSlyk uk fd;k tk,A vycÙkk nk:y
bLyke esa vxj muds njfe;ku dksbZ fut+kv gks rks mldk QSlyk fd;k
tk ldrk gS vkSj tc dksbZ vkSjr iukg ryc djrs gq, nk:y bLyke
esa nkf[ky gks rks blls mlds eq'kfjd 'kkSgj dh bLer [kRe gks tkrh gS
vkSj tc dksbZ iukg dk rkfyc eq'kfjd nk:y bLyke esa nkf[ky gks rks
mlus tks dqN nk:y f'kdZ esa eky o nkSyr NksM+k gS og xycs dh lwjr
esa ekys x+uher esa 'kqekj gksxkA vkSj vxj nk:y f'kdZ esa bLyke ykus ds
ckn nk:y bLyke esa eqlyeku gksdj nkf[+ky gqvk gS rks mlds reke
cPps eqlyeku gksaxs vkSj mlds eky ij mlh dk gd+ gksxkA
lqyg] eqvkfgnk vkSj tft+;k dk c;kulqyg] eqvkfgnk vkSj tft+;k dk c;kulqyg] eqvkfgnk vkSj tft+;k dk c;kulqyg] eqvkfgnk vkSj tft+;k dk c;kulqyg] eqvkfgnk vkSj tft+;k dk c;ku
ge blls d+Cy fy[k pqds gS fd vkes gqnsfc;k ds ekSd+s ij
vkagt+jrl-v-o us vgys eDdk ds lkFk eqvkfgnk fd;k FkkA il beke dks
vkSj ftldks beke us d+kbe fd;k gS mldks lqyg vkSj eqvkfgnk ds ckjs
esa lkspus dk bf[r;kj gSA vxj oks mldks eqlyekuks ds gd+ esa csgrj
le>s rks eq'kfjdksa ls dqN eky ;k fdlh vkSj pht+ ij crkSj t+ekur
550
d+Ct+k djds lky nks lky ds fy, lqyg dj ys vkSj T;knk ls T;knk
eq'kfjdhu beke ;k uk,cs beke ds lkFk nl lky rd dk eqvkfgnk dj
ldrs gS vkSj okftc gS fd muds eqvkfgns dh iwjh ikcanh dh tk, vkSj
mudh tekur dks rksM+k uk tk,A ysfdu vxj beke dks ;k ml 'k[+l
dks ftldks beke us eqd+jZj fd;k gS eq'kfjdhu ds lkFk tax djus gh esa
eqlyekuksa dh HkykbZ ut+j vk, eqn~nr xqt+jus ls igys rks eq'kfjdhu ds
vgnks iSeku dks okil dj ysuk pkfg,A beke mudks ck d+k;nk eqRryv
dj ns fd og muls tax djus okyk gSA fQj tax djsA geusa ;gka ij tks
dqN fy[kk gS og lc vgys cSrs jlwyv-l- ls eudwy gSA
vkSj vxj vgys fdrkc tft+;k nsa rks muls dcwy dj fy;k tk,
vkSj muls tax u dh tk, D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
a
dkfryqy yt+hu% yk ;qvfeuwu% fcYykfg oyk fcy ;kSfey vkf[kfj oyk
;qgj~fjequ% ek gj~jeYykgks o jlwyqgw oyk ;nhuwu% nhuy gD+d+s feuy
yt+hu% Årqy fdrkc% gRrk ;qvrqy ftt+;r% vU;;fnOogqe lkfx:u
10&9@29 rtqZek % vgys fdrkc esa ls tks yksx u fny ls [+kqnk gh ij
bZeku j[krs gS vkSj u jkst+s vf[+kjr ij vkSj u [+kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh
gjke dh gqbZ phtksa dks gjke le>rs gSA vkSj u lPps nhu gh dks
bf[+r;kj djrs gSA mu yksxksa ls yM+s tkvksaA ;gka rd fd og yksx t+yhy
gksdj vius gkFk ls tft+;k ns vkSj ftu yksxksa ds lkFk eqvkfgnk fd;k
x;k gS mu ij fdlh fd+Le dk T+kqYe djus ls vkagt+jrl-v-o us euk
Qjek;k gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids finj cqtqZxokj ls vkSj
vkids vkck&,&fdjke ls vkSj gt+jr ls vkSj jlwy vdjel-v-o ls ejoh
gS vkius Qjek;k fd d+;ker ml oD+r vk,xh tc ftlds lkFk vgnks
iSeku fd;k x;k gS mldks bl rjg [kk;k tk,xk tSls ?kkl [kkbZ tkrh
gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls fjok;r gS fd jlwy [+kqnkl-v-o us b'kkZn Qjek;k gS
551
fd tks 'k[+l ft+Eeh ds ml tft+;k dks ekQ dj nsxk ftldks vYykg
rvkyk us ykft+e d+jkj fn;k gS ;k ekQ dj nsus ds fy, ft+Eeh dh
flQkfj'k djsxk rks og vYykg o jlwy vkSj reke eqlyekuksa ds lkFk
[+k;kur djsxkA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd tft+;k eqtkfgnhu
dk vrh;k gS vkSj lnd+k mu yksxksa ds fy, gS ftudk ft+Ø [+kqnk oan
rvkyk us viuh fdrkc esa Qjek;k gSA tft+;k esa mudk dqN Hkh gd+ ugha
gSA mlds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd vny o balkQ dk nkeu fdruk
dq'kknk gSA yksxksa ds lkFk vxj vny o balkQ dk cjkcj lqywd fd;k
tk, rks og eksgrkt u jgsaxsA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius
Qjek;k fd eq'kfjdhu ds lkFk tax djus ds fy, ftu ft+fEe;ksa ls enn
yh tk, mudk tft+;k ekQ dj nsuk pkfg,A gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy
gS vkius Qjek;k fd fdlh vjch dk tft+;k d+cwy u fd;k tk,A vxj
og bLyke u yk, rks muds lkFk ftgkn fd;k tk,A vkils ;g Hkh
eudwy gS fd etwlh vgys fdrkc gS exj mudh 'kjv feV pqdh gSA
vkius mudk iwjk okfd+vk c;ku djus ds ckn Qjek;k fd muls Hkh
tft+;k fy;k tk,A
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd vktkn ft+fEe;ksa
esa ls tks ckfyx enZ gSa mu ij tft;k vnk djuk okftc gS vkSj muesa
ls tks xqyke gaS mu ij tft+;k okftc ugha vkSj vkSjrksa vkSj cPpksa ij
okftc ugha gS vkSj xkao ds ljnkjksa vkSj ekynkjksa esa ls gj 'k[+l ls gj
lky vjrkyhl fnjge tft+;k fy;k tk, vkSj njfe;kuh rcd+s ds yksxksa
ls pkschl fnjge tft+;k fy;k tk,A vkSj fupys ntZs ds yksxks ls ckjg
fnjge tft+;k fy;k tk,A mlds vykok ftuds ikl t+ehankjh gS mu ij
f[+kjkt ¼yxku½ Hkh okftc gSA [+okg NksVk gks ;k cM+k vkSjr gks ;k enZ
lcls f[+kjkt olwy fd;k tk, vkSj muesa ls tks bLyke d+cwy dj ys
mldk tft+;k rks ekQ dj fn;k tk, ysfdu f[+kjkt ekQ u fd;k tk,A
D;ksafd f[kjkt rks t+ehu dk olwy fd;k tkrk gS vxj mUgksaus t+ehu gh
dks Qjks[r dj fn;k gS vkSj ml ij eqlyeku d+kfct gks pqds gSA bl
lwjr esa ml t+ehu dk f[kjkt fy;k tk,xk vkSj vxj iukg dk rkfyc
eq'kfjd vius lkFk nks lkS fnjge ;k mlls T;knk vius gejkg ysdj
nk:y bLyke esa nkf[ky gks rks mldk nloka fgLlk ys fy;k tk, vkSj
552
eky o vlckc gks rks mldh d+her yxkdj nloka fgLlk fy;k tk,A
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkius ft+fEe;ksa ls tft+;k dh txg ij
mlh d+her ds eky o vlckc ysus dh :[+kLr nh gS vkSj beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius ft+fEe;ksa ls tft+;k esa 'kjkc
vkSj lwvj ls dekbZ gqbZ jd+e ysus dh :[+kLr nh gS D;ksafd budk vdlj
ljek;k gjke dekbZ vkSj lwn dk gksrk gSA gt+jr vyhv l ls ejoh gS fd
vkagt+jrl-v-o us euk Qjek;k gS fd tc rqe vgys dukbl ¼blkbZ½ ds
ikl tkvks rks muds fxjtk esa uk BgjksA vkius Qjek;k fd bu ij
ykvur cjlrh gS vkius bu ij lyke esa igy djus ls euk Qjek;k gS
ysfdu vxj og lyke dh bfCrnk djsa rks flQZ okysdqe dg nksA
vkagt+jrl--v-o us nk:y bLyke esa u;k fxjtk cukus ls euk Qjek;k gSA
lkfnd+ bekev-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd ftEeh u gje esa
nkf[+ky gks u nk:y gqtjk ¼jkt/kkuh½ esa nkf[ky gksA bu nksuksa txgksa ls
mudks fudky fn;k tk,A
rd+lhe ls d+Cy ekys x+uher dk gqDerd+lhe ls d+Cy ekys x+uher dk gqDerd+lhe ls d+Cy ekys x+uher dk gqDerd+lhe ls d+Cy ekys x+uher dk gqDerd+lhe ls d+Cy ekys x+uher dk gqDe
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
o eU; ;xyqy ;vfr fcek xYy% ;kSey fd+;kefr lqEe% rqo¶Qk dqYyks
uQfle ekdlcr ogqe yk ;qt+yewu 4&3@161 rtqZek % vkSj tks [k;kur
djsxk rks tks pht+ [k;kur dh gS d+;ker ds fnu ogh pht+ cbZuk [+kqnk
ds lkeus ykuk gksxkA vkSj fQj gj 'k[+l vius fd;s dk iwjk cnyk Hkj
ik,xk vkSj mudh fdlh rjg gd+ ryQh u dh tk,xhA beke
tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls vkSj vkids cqtqZxokj ls vkSj vkids vkck&,&fdjke
ls vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS fd vkagt+jr-l-v-o- us Qjek;k gS bl
vck ¼dqrkZ½ ds lkfgc dks ftlus bldks [+k;kur djds gkfly fd;k gS
eSaus tgue esa ns[kk gS vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd ekys x+uher esa lqbZ /kkxk
rd cjkcj rd+lhe djksA
553
veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls ejoh gS fd jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- us euk
Qjek;k gS fd ekys x+uher rd+lhe gksus ls igys tkuojksa ij lokjh uk
djuk pkfg, fd og det+ksj gks tk,a vkSj uk mlesa ls ,d diM+k iguuk
pkfg, fd og iqjkuk gks tk,A ysfdu rd+lhe ls igys eqlyekuksa dks
nq'euksa ls ftgkn djus ds fy, ekys x+uher dh t+:jr gks rks mlls
Qk;nk mBkus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA mudks bLrseky djds okil ekys
x+uher esa j[k nsuk pkfg,A tSls gfFk;kjksa vkSj tkuoj oxSjg dh t+:jr
gks rks dke esa yk;k tk, vkSj ekys x+uher dh rd+lhe ls igys ?kkl vkSj
[kkus dh phtksa ds bLrseky esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gS D;ksafd taxs [+kscj ds ekSd+s
ij jlwyYykgl-v-o ds vlgkc dks [kkus dh cgqr lh phtsa feyh Fkh
ftudks mUgksaus ekys&x+uher dh rd+lhe ls igys [kk fy;k FkkA gt+jr
vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o- us ekys x+uher dh rd+lhe ls igys
vius fgLls dk Qjks[+r djus ls euk Qjek;k gS D;ksafd blls fgLls dk
eky vHkh uk ekywe gS vkSj QkSt ds vQljs vkyk dks ;g bf[r;kj gS fd
ekys x+uher dh rd+lhe ls igys mlesa ls dksbZ mEnk lh ,d pht+ vius
fy, equrf[kc dj ysA
ejoh gS fd vkagt+jrl-v-o us ;eu dh tkfuc QkSt ds nks nLrksa
dks jokuk Qjek;k FkkA ,d QkSt ds d+kbn vyhv-l- Fks vkSj nwljh QkSt
ds [+kkfyn fcu oyhnA vkagt+jrlvo us muls Qjek;k Fkk fd tc dgha
rqe yksx vkil esa fey tkvks rks vyh rqe ij gkfde gksaxs vkSj tc rqe
vyx gks tkvks rks nksuksa esa ls ,d vius gkfde o d+kbn gksxkA pqukaps
gqvk ,slk fd yksxksa us dqN vkSjrs fxj¶rkj dh FkhA il gt+jr vyhv-l
us muesa ls vius fy, ,d yM+dh dks eqarf[kc dj fy;k FkkA [kkfyn fcu
oyhn us mldh bÙkykv vkagt+jrl-v-o dks nh vkSj mlus cqjsnk vlyeh
dks ,d [+kr nsdj vkagt+jrl-v-o dh tkfuc jokuk fd;k vkSj mldks ;g
rkdhn dj nh fd vkagt+jrl-v-o dks og viuh tqcku ls tkdj bldh
bÙkykv djsA il mlus ,slk gh fd;k rks ml oD+r vkagt+jrl-v-o us
Qjek;k fd vyhv-l- eq>ls gS vkSj eSa vyhv-l- ls gw¡A vyhv-l- tks Hkh
eqarf[+kc dj ys mudks mldk bf[+r;kj gS vkSj fjlkyr evkcl-v-o ds
psgj&,&vuoj ij xqLls ds vklkj t+kfgj gq,A cqjsnk us dgk fd , jlwys
[+kqnkl-v-o eSa bl oD+r vkidh iukg dk rkfyc gw¡A vkius eq>s ,d 'k[+l
ds lkFk Hkstk Fkk vkSj mldh brkvr dk gqDe Hkh fn;k FkkA il eSaus rks
554
mldh brkvr dh FkhA mlus eq>s tks iSxke nsdj Hkstk Fkk mldks eSaus
igq¡pk fn;kA vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k fd , cqjsnk vyhv-l- t+kfye ugha gS
vkSj u og tqYe djus ds fy, iSnk fd, x, gS og esjs HkkbZ] esjs olh vkSj
esjs ckn esjs oyh&,&vez gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vxj
eqlyekuksa esa ls dksbZ 'k[+l fdlh eq'kfjd dks nk:y gjc esa fxj¶rkj dj
ys vkSj mldks iSny pyus dh rkd+r u gks vkSj u lokj djus ds fy,
tkuoj gks vkSj bldk [+kkSQ gks fd vxj NksM+ nsxk rks og Hkkxdj
eq'kfjdksa esa 'kkfey gks tk,xk rks mldks d+Ry dj Mkys NksM+s ughaA ekys
x+uher dh rd+lhe ls igys vkSj rd+lhe ds ckn ftu vlckc dks
mBkdj u yk;k tk lds muds lkFk ,slk gh rtZs vey bf[+r;kj fd;k
tk,A
gt+jr gyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftu veokys
x+uher dks uk mBk;k tk lds vkSj uk nk:y eq'kfjdhu ls ys tk;k tk
lds mudks ryQ ¼csdkj½ dj nsuk pkfg, vkSj vlckc o gfFk;kj dks
vkx esa tyk nsuk pkfg, vkSj lokjh ds tkuojksa vkSj pkSik;ks dks ftCgk
djds vkx esa tyk nsuk pkfg, exj mu tkuojksa dh dwpsa uk dkVh tk,
D;ksafd dwpsa dkVuk cnrjhu elyk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd eqlyekuksa
ds ftu veoky ij eq'kfjdks us d+Ctk dj fy;k gks fQj x+yck ds oD+r
og veoky muds ikl fey x, rks mu veoky ds tks ekfyd gS muds
ogh vlyh gd+nkj gSA fdlh eqfLye ds gkFk ls ogh eky fy;k tk,
ftldks og nsuk ilan djs vkSj tc QkSat dk vQljs vkyk ml 'k[+l
ds fy, dqN buke eqd+jZj dj ys ftlus eSnkus&ftgkn esa fdlh dks dRy
fd;k Fkk ;k dksbZ dkjukek vatke fn;k Fkk ;k fdlh nq'eu ij x+kfyc
vk;k Fkk rks tks buke nsuk eqd+jZj fd;k x;k gks mldks iwjs iwjk nsuk
pkfg, vkSj rd+lhe ls d+Cy ekys x+uher esa ls ml buke dks vyx dj
nsuk pkfg,A edrwy dk og reke eky o vlckc tks mlds ejus ds ckn
ywVk x;k gS rks ml ij mlh eqlyeku dk gd+ gS ftlus mldks d+Ry
fd;k FkkA exj mlls [+kqEl ¼ikapoka fgLlk½ ys fy;k tk,A
555
ekys x+uher dh rd+lhe dk c;kuekys x+uher dh rd+lhe dk c;kuekys x+uher dh rd+lhe dk c;kuekys x+uher dh rd+lhe dk c;kuekys x+uher dh rd+lhe dk c;ku
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS fd vkius gt+jr vEekj fcu ;kflj
vkSj mcSnqYykg fcu vch jkQsv vkSj vcq vysle fcu rsgku dks eqlyekuksa
ds njfe;ku veokys x+uher dh rd+lhe dk gqDe fn;k Fkk vkSj muls
;g Hkh Qjek;k Fkk fd ekys x+uher dh rd+lhe esa vny o balkQ ls
dke ysuk fdlh dks fdlh ij Qt+hyr uk nsukA il mUgksaus tc ekys
x+uher dk fglkc fd;k rks mUgs ekywe gqvk fd gj eqlyeku dks
rhu&rhu nhukj cjkcj fey ldrk gSA il mUgksaus mlh fglkc ls yksxksa
esa rd+lhe dj fn;kA ml oD+r rYgk vkSj tqcsj Hkh vius&vius yM+dksa
dks lkFk ysdj muds ikl vk, mUgksaus muesa ls gj ,d dks rhu&rhu
nhukj ns fn,A ml oD+r rYgk vkSj tqcsj us dgk fd gt+jr mej gedksa
bl rjg ls ugha nsrs FksA il rqe yksxksa us ;g viuh rjQ ls fd;k gS ;k
rqEgkjs lkfgc gt+jr vyhv-l- ds gqDe ls ,slk fd;k gS\ mUgksaus dgk fd
gedks gt+jr vyhv-l- us ,slk gh djus dk vez Qjek;k FkkA og nksuksa
tukc veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- dh f[+kner esa vk,A mUgksaus vkidks ns[kk fd
vki vius dqN eky o vlckc ds ikl /kwi esa [kM+s gS vkSj ,d etnwj
dke dj jgk gSA mUgksaus dgk fd D;k vki gekjs lkFk lk, esa r'kjhQ yk
ldrs gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd gkaA mUgksaus vkidh f[+kner esa vt+Z fd;k fd
ge ekys x+uher dh rd+lhe ds oD+r vkids vkfeyksa ds ikl x, rks
mUgksaus ge esa ls gj ,d dks mruk gh fn;k tks mUgksaus nwljs reke yksxksa
dks fn;k FkkA vkius muls Qjek;k Fkk fd fQj rqe yksx bl oD+r eq>ls
D;k pkgrs gks\ mUgksaus dgk fd gt+jr mej gedks ekys x+uher esa ls bl
rjg ugha nsrs FksA vkius mu nksuksa ls Qjek;k fd vPNk ;g crkvks fd
jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o rqe yksxksa dks fdruk nsrs Fks\ il og nksuksa [+kkeks'k gks
x,A vkius muls Qjek;k fd D;k vkagt+jrl-v-o- eqlyekuksa ds njfe;ku
cjkcj ekys x+uher rd+lhe ugha Qjekrs Fks\ nksuksa us dgk fd gka vkius
Qjek;k fd vPNk rqe nksuksa ;g crkvksa fd vk;k rqe nksuksa ds utnhd
lqUurs jlwy vYykgl-v-o- ij vey djuk csgrj gS ;k lqUurs mej ij
pyuk csgrj gS\ nksuksa us dgk fd lqUurs jlwy ij vey djuk vQt+y
gSaA exj , veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- gekjs fy, rks lckd+r vkSj bukv vkSj
556
d+jkcr gkfly gSA il vki vxj equkflc le>s rks gekjk ntkZ vke
eqlyekuksa tSlk d+jkj u nsA vkius muls Qjek;k fd rqe nksuksa dh
lcd+r dqN esjh lcd+r ls Hkh cM+ dj gS\ nksuksa us dgk ugha cfYd vki
gels lkfcd+ gSA tukc veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- us muls Qjek;k fd rks ;g
crkvks fd rqe nksuks d+jkcrnkjh esa eq>ls T;knk d+jhc gks ;k eSa\ nksuksa us
dgk fd ugha vki c fygkt+s djkcr T;knk vd+jc gSA vkius Qjek;k fd
rqe nksuksa dk bukv ¼ftgkn esa eq'fdysa mBkuk½ cM+dj gS ;k esjk bukv\
nksuksa us dgk fd ugha cfYd , veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- vkidk bukv cM+dj
gSA rc veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- us Qjek;k fd d+le c[+kqnk eSa vkSj esjk ;g
etnwj nksuksa bl ekys x+uher esa cjkcj ds fgLlsnkj gSA ml oD+r vkius
vius lkeus cSBs gq, etnwj dh rjQ b'kkjk djds crk;kA nksuksa us vkils
dgk fd ge blds fy, vk, Fks vkSj nwljs dke ls Hkh vk, FksA vkius
Qjek;k fd og nwljk dke D;k gS\ nksuksa us Qjek;k fd gekjk mejk
djus dk bjknk gSA il gesa bldh btktr buk;r Qjek,A vkius muls
dgk fd rqe tkvks ysfdu rqe nksuksa dk bjknk mejk djuk ugha gSA eq>s
rqe nksuksa ds vez dh [kcj fey pqdh gS vkSj rqe nksuks ds vkjkexkg Hkh
fn[kk nh xbZ gSA og nksuks py iM+sA vki ;g vk;r djhek frykor
Qjek jgs vkSj og nksuks lqu jgs Fks fd %
Q eu udl% QbUuek ;udqlks vyk uQflgh o eu vksQk fcek vkgn%
vySgqYykg% Q l%;qvrhfg vtju vt+hek 26&48@10 rtqZek% rks tks
vgn dks rksM+sxk rks vius uqd+lku ds fy, vgn dks rksM+rk gSA vkSj
ftlus bl ckr dks ftldk mlus vgn [+kqnk ls fd;k iwjk fd;k rks
mldks vud+jhc gh vtz vt+he vrk Qjek,xk il ekys x+uher ds tks
eqlyeku mlds eqlrfgd+ gS mldks muds njfe;ku vny o balkQ ds
lkQ rd+lhe djuk okftc gSA veokys x+uher esa lcdks cjkcj fgLlk
nsuk pkfg, vkSj ekys x+uher ogh gS ftldks mUgksaus tax djds gkfly
fd;k FkkA exj mUgksaus tks veoky tax ds cxSj ik;k gS og lc dk lc
vYykg o jlwy dk gS vkSj jlwy ds ckn gj tekus ds beke dk gd+ gS
tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
557
ek vQkvYykgks vyk jlwfygh feu vgfyy dqjk Q fyYykfg o fyjjlwfy
ofyft+y dqjck 28&59@7 rtqZek % rks tks eky [+kqnk us vius jlwy dks
nsgkrokyksa ls cs yM+s fnyok fn;k gS og [+kkl [+kqnk vkSj jlwy vkSj muds
d+jkcrnkjksa dk gS vkSj nwljh txg b'kkZn gS fd %
Qek vksotQrqe vySfg feu [kSfyo oyk fjdkfco oyk fdUuYykg%
;qlfYyrks jlqygw vyk eU; ;'kkvks 28&59@6 rtqZek % rqeus mlds
fy, dqN nkSM+&/kwi rks dh ugha] u ?kksM+ksa ls u ÅaVksa ls exj [+kqnk vius
iSxEcjksa dks ftl ij pkgrk gS x+yck vrk djrk gSA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd ckxs
Qnd Hkh blh ekys x+uher esa ls Fkk tks vYykg rvkyk us vius jlwy
dks cxSj yM+s fnyok fn;k FkkA il tc vYykg rvkyk us ;g vk;r
ukft+y QjekbZ fd %
o vkfr t+ydqjck gDdgq 15&17@26 rtqZek % ¼, jlwy½ rqe vius
djkcrankjksa dks mudk gd+ ns nksA ml oD+r vkagt+jrl-v-o us ckxs Qnd
l¸;nk&,&vkye tukcs Qkfrek&tsgjkv-l dks buk;r Qjek fn;kA tc
vkagt+jrl-v-o oQkr ik x, rks gt+jr vcw cØ us muls okil ys fy;kA
vkSj tc gt+jr mLeku [kyhQk gq, rks mUgksaus ckxs&Qnd ejoku dks
tkxhj esa ns fn;k vkSj tc ejoku gkfde gqvk rks mlus ckxs Qnd dk
nks&frgkbZ fgLlk vius csVs vCnqy eyd dks ns fn;k vkSj ,d&frgkbZ
fgLlk lqyseku dks ns fn;kA vkSj tc vCnqy eyd okyh gqvk rks mlus
viuk nks frgkbZ fgLlk vCnqy vt+ht+ dks ns fn;k vkSj ,d frgkbZ fgLlk
lqyseku ds ikl jgk fQj tc lqyseku okyh gqvk rks mlus ,d&frgkbZ
fgLlk dks mej fcu vCnqy vt+ht+ dks ns fn;kA fQj tc mej fcu
vCnqy vtht okyh gq, rks mUgksaus iwjk ckx+s Qnd vkys Qkfrekv-l- dks
okil dj fn;kA ml oD+r mej fcu vCnqy vt+ht+ ds ikl cuh me¸;k
558
tek gq, vkSj mUgksaus dgk fd yksx ;g le>rs gS fd vkius gt+jr vcw
cØ vkSj gt+jr mej vkSj gt+jr mLeku vkSj vkids vkck&vks&vtnkn
esa ls tks [+kqyQk xqt+js gS muds rtsZ vey dks ukilan fd;k gSA blfy,
ckxs&Qnd dks okil dj fn;k gSA [+kyhQk mej fcu vCnqy vtht gj
lky ckxs Qnd dk xYyk ¼iSnkokj½ tek djrs vkSj mruk gh mlesa
T+;knk djds vkSykn Qkfrek esa rd+lhe dj nsrs FksA fQj muds ckn vkys
vCckl us ckxs Qnd dks vius elkfjQ ¼bfLreky½ ds fy, e[+klwl dj
fy;k FkkA mlds ckn tc [+kfyQk ekewu dk t+ekuk vk;k rks mlus
nwj&njkt 'kgjksa ls reke Qqd+gk dks tek fd;kA mUgksaus ckx+s Qnd ds
ckjs esa ckge csgl eqcfglk fd;k rks lcdk bl ckr ij bÙksQkd+ gks x;k
fd ckxs Qnd tukcs Qkfrekv-l- dk gd+ gSA ftu yksxksa us Qnd dks
muls ys fy;k Fkk mlds tqYeks&flre dh 'kgknr nhA pqukaps [+kfyQk
ekewu vCcklh us fQj ckx+s Qnd vkSykns&Qkfrekv-l- dks okil dj fn;kA
;g okfd+;k rkjh[+k esa cgqr gh e'kgwj o evk:Q gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ftl ljt+eha ij
eqlyekuks us ?kksM+s u nkSM+k, gksa vkSj u ogka ij tax dh gks ;k fdlh d+kSe
us lqyg djds [+kqn c [+kqn vius eky o vlckc dks ;wagh ns fn;k gks og
tehu pkgs ohjku gks ;k gjh Hkjh okfn;ka gks mu ij jlwyl-v-o dk gd+ gS
vki ftldks pkgs ns ns vkSj vkids ckn beke dk gd+ gSA dqjvku ikd
esa ;g vk;k gS ekys x+uher vYykg dk gd+ gS rks ;g crkSj rkt+he ds
dgk x;k gSA vkius Qjek;k fd t+ehu esa tks dqN Hkh gS og lc vYykg
gh ds fy, gS vkSj ekys x+uher esa gekjs fy, nks fgLls gSA ,d rks
d+jkcrnkjh dk fgLlk vkSj nwljk og gS ftlesa ge reke yksxksa ds lkFk
'kjhd gSA beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l- ls ejoh gS fd vk;r djhek %
;lvywud% vfuy vuQkfy dqfyy vuQkyks o fyYykfg oj~jlwfy
9&8@1 rtqZek % ¼, jlwy½ rqels veokys x+uher dh ckcr yksx iwNrs
gS rks ¼, jlwy½ rqe muls dg nks fd reke veokys x+uher vYykg vkSj
jlwyl-v-o dk gd+ gS fd eqrkfYyd+ vkius Qjek;k fd bl vk;r esa ftu
veokys x+uher dk ft+Ø gS mlls og nsgkr vkSj t+ehu eqjkn gS tgka
eqlyekuks us vius ?kksM+s ugha nkSM+k, gS vkSj u ftl eky o vlckc ds
559
fy, eqlyekuksa us tax dh gSA il ,slh t+ehu vkSj nsgkr vkSj eky o
vlckc ij flQZ beke dk gd+ gSA beke ftldks pkgs buk;r dj nsA
vkils ,slh t+ehu dh ckcr iwNk x;k ftldks tcfj;k Qrsg fd;k x;k
gSA vkius Qjek;k fd ml oD+r ogka tks eqlyeku ekStwn gks vkSj muds
ckn tks vk, mudh enn vkSj fgQkt+r ds fy, vxj beke equkflc
le>s rks od+Q dj ns vkSj ml t+ehu dks rd+lhe dj nsuk equkflc gks
rks rd+lhe dj nsA
t+ehu vkSj mldh gj pht vYykg o jlwy ds fy, gS vkSj jlwy
ds ckn beke t+ehu dh gj pht esa jlwy dk d+kbe eqd+ke gSA fQj vkius
Qjek;k fd beke us vius vlgkc esa ls tks gkftj Fks mudks Qjek;k fd
rqe yksx [+kqnk dh gEnksa luk djks D;ksafd rqe gyky [kkrs gks vkSj gyky
igurs gks vkSj gyky vkSjrksa ls feyrs gksA D;ksafd rqedks gekjs gd+ dh
ekvfjQr gkfly gS vkSj rqe gekjh oyk;r esa gksA rqe ogh pht ysrs gks
ftls ge rqEgkjs fy, fny ls ilan djrs gS vkSj tks yksx gekjh
eq[+kkfyQr djrs gS vkSj gekjs cjgd+ gksus dk badkj djrs gaS og gjke
[kkrs gS gjke igurs gS vkSj gjkedkjh djrs gSA lkfnd+ vkys eksgEenvl-
ls fjok;r gS vkius Qjek;k fd ekys x+uher dks ik¡p fgLlksa esa rd+lhe
fd;k tk,A muesa ls pkj fgLlksa dks rks mu yksxksa esa rd+lhe dj fn;k
tk, ftUgksaus ml ij tax dh Fkh vkSj ik¡pok fgLlk ge vgys cSrv-l- esa
tks ;rhe feLdhu vkSj eqlkfQj gS mudk gd+ gS vkSj [+kqnk ds Qt+y o
dje ls vkt gees uk dksbZ feLdhu gS uk dksbZ eqlkfQj gS il [kqel esa
gekjs fy, okfQj ¼cgqr T+;knk½ fgLlk gSA mlds vykok veokys x+uher
ds pkj fgLlksa esa ge eqlyekuksa ds cjkcj ds 'kjhd gSA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd
gt+jr mej veokys x+uher esa ls ikapok fgLlk eq>s nsrs Fks ftls eSa
jlwyYykgl-v-o ds d+jkcrnkjksa esa rd+lhe dj nsrk Fkk ;gka rd fd tc
lwl vkSj tqanh lkcwj dk [+kqEl feyk rks gt+jr mej us dgk fd , vgys
cSrv-l- ;g ekys x+uher dk rqEgkjk ikapok fgLlk gS vkSj gky ;g gS fd
ml oD+r dqN eqlyeku ijs'kku gky vkSj T;knk t:jrean gSA il vxj
rqe equkflc le>ks rks muesa rd+lhe dj nksA ml oD+r gt+jr vCckl
fcu vCnqy eqRrfyc us c<+dj dgk fd , mej rqe gekjs gd+ esa ,sc uk
fudkyksA eSaus dgk fd ge bu d+kfcys jge eqlyekuksa ls mlds T+;knk
560
gd+nkj gSA il gt+jr mej us eqlyekuksa dh ftl t+:jr dk ft+Ø
fd;k Fkk mldks iwjk uk fd;k x;kA gÙkkfd veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- us bl
flyflys esa flQkfj'k dh rks gt+jr mej us ml [kqEl dks vius d+Cts esa
ys fy;kA il d+le ck[+kqnk og fnu Fkk vkSj vkt dk fnu gS fd fQj
gedksa uk og dt+Z vnk fd;k x;k vkSj uk dHkh [kqEl gekjs lkeus is'k
fd;k x;kA u mUgksaus is'k fd;kA uk muds ckn vkus okyksa us gÙkkfd
vkt eSa vius bl eqd+ke ij gq¡A
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd tc jlwys vdjelvo-
oQkr ik pqds rks gt+jr vcw cØ us gt+jr vyhv-l- ls dgk fd rqe vius
[kqEl ls eqlyekuksa dh enn djksA il mUgksus ys fy;k vkSj mlesa ls tjkZ
cjkcj Hkh ugha fn;kA tc ;g [+kcj Qkfrek ts+gjkv-l- dks igq¡ph rks mUgksaus
Qjek;k fd gedks gekjk og fgLlk ftldk ft+Ø [+kqnk dh fdrkc esa
ekStwn gS vkSj rqe mlls vPNh rjg ls okfd+Q Hkh gksA vkidk eryc ;g
Fkk fd mudks vPNh rjg ekywe gS fd vyhv-l- eluns f[kykQr ds muls
T;knk gd+nkj FksA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd ekys
x+uher ds pkj fgLls mu eqtkfgnhu ds fy, gS ftUgksaus tax dh Fkh
?kqM+lokjksa ds fy, nks fgLls gS vkSj iSny QkSt ds fy, flQZ ,d fgLlk
gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls ejoh gS vkils iwNk x;k fd D;k gt+jr
mLeku taxs cnz esa ekStwn Fks\ vkius Qjek;k fd ughaA vkils iwNk x;k
fd D;k jlwys [+kqnkl--v-o us mudks ekys x+uher esa ls fgLlk fn;k FkkA
vkius Qjek;k fd ugha vkSj fdl rjg ,sls 'k[+l dks fgLlk fey ldrk
gS tks tax esa gkft+j ugha gqvk Fkk\ vkils iqNk x;k fd D;k rYgk gkft+j
Fks \ vkius Qjek;k fd ughA fQj dgk x;k fd tq+csj gkft+j Fks \ vkius
Qjek;k fd og taxs cnz esa rks gkft+j Fks ysfdu taxs tey esa Hkkx x,
Fks vxj mUgksaus eqvfeuhu ls tax dh Fkh rks bldk eryc ;g gqvk fd
mudks d+Ry djds og [+kqn gykd gq, vkSj mUgksaus dkfQjksa ls tax dh Fkh
rks og tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd og [+kqnk ds xtc esa Qals
vkSj mudk fBdkuk tgUue gS tSlk fd vYykg rvkyk us ihB fQjkus
okys vkSj eSnkus tax ls Hkkx tkus okys ds fy, vt+kcs tgUue dks okftc
d+jkj fn;k gSA gt+jr vyhv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd X+kqyke ds
fy, ekys x+uher esa ls dqN Hkh fgLlk ugha gS [+okg mlus tax gh D;ksa
561
uk dh gks gka vxj mlus eSnku tax esa dksbZ vge dkjukek vatke fn;k
gS rks beke ;k og 'k[+l ftldks beke us eqd+jZj Qjek;k gS og fxj iM+s
eky esa ls tks equkflc le>s mldks ns nsA vkius ;g Hkh Qjek;k fd ekys
x+uher gkfly djus ls d+Cy vxj dksbZ eqlyeku nk:y gjc esa ej
tk, rks og ekys x+uher esa vius fgLls dk gd+nkj ugha gS ysfdu tks
ekys x+uher gkfly gksus ds ckn ej x;k rks mldk fgLlk crkSj ehjkl
mlds okfjlksa dks fn;k tk,A
vgys cx+kor ls tax djus dk c;kuvgys cx+kor ls tax djus dk c;kuvgys cx+kor ls tax djus dk c;kuvgys cx+kor ls tax djus dk c;kuvgys cx+kor ls tax djus dk c;ku
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
o bu rkbQ%rkfu feuy eqvequhu&dr%r%yq Qvl~fygw cSu%gqek Qbe
cxr bgnkgqek vyy m[kjk Qd+kfryqy yrh rcxh gRrk rQhv% byk
vefjYykfg Qbu Qkvr Qvlfygw cSu%gqek fcy vnfy o vd+flrw
bUuYykg% ;qfgCcqy eqd+flrhu 26&49@9 rtqZek% vxjps eqvfeuhu esa ls
nks fQjd+s vkil esa yM+ iM+s rks mu nksuksa esa lqyg djk nksA fQj vxj
muesa ls ,d Qjhd+ nwljs ij T+;knrh djs rks rqe Hkh mlls yM+ks ;gka rd
fd og [+kqnk ds gqDe dh rjQ :twv djsaA cs'kd [+kqnk balkQ djus okyksa
dks nksLr j[krk gSA il bl vk;rs djhek ls ;g lkfcr gqvk fd vYykg
rvkyk us ftl rjg eq'kfjdhu ls tax djuk QtZ fd;k gS mlh rjg
ckfx+;ksa ls tax djuk Hkh QtZ+ fd;k gSA pqukaps ;gh otg gS fd gt+jr
vyhv-l- us ftu ckfx+;ksa ls tax dh Fkh mudk rtfdjk djrs gq, Qjek;k
fd eq>s blds flok vkSj dksbZ pkjk uk Fkk fd eSa muls tax d:a ;k fQj
eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o- ij tks ukft+y fd;k x;k Fkk mldk badkj dj
nw¡A
562
beke ckfd+jv-l- ls eudwy gS vkius gt+jr vyhv-l- ls tax djus
okyksa dk ft+Ø djrs gq, Qjek;k fd gka ;g yksx mu yksxksa ls c<+dj
xqukgxkj gS ftUgksaus jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o- ls tax dh Fkh vkils iwNk x;k fd
, Qjtans jlwy! ;g fdl rjg eqefdu gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd ;g
blfy, fd og vgns tkfgfy;r ds yksx Fks vkSj bu yksxksa us rks dqjvku
i<+k Fkk vkSj lkfgckus Qt+y ds Qt+y o erZcs ls okfd+Q FksA il mUgksaus
tks dqN fd;k Fkk og le>&cw> ds ckn fd;k FkkA
gt+jr vyhv-l- ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd eq>s vgn rksM+us
okyksa vkSj T+kqYe djus okys ekfjd+hu ls tax djus dk gqDe fn;k x;k FkkA
il eSaus mlh gqDe ds eqrkfcd+ muls tax dhA il vgn rksM+us okys
vgys cljk vkSj vlgkcs tey gS vkSj nhu ls fudy tkus okys [+okfjt
gaS vkSj T+kqYe djus okys vgys 'kke esa ls eqvkfo;k ds fxjksg okys gSA
vkius ftu vgys d+hyk ls tax dh Fkh mudh ckcr iqNk fd D;k og
dkfQj Fks \ vkius Qjek;k fd mUgksus vgdke vkSj usverks ds lkFk dqÝ
fd;k Fkk budk dqÝ mu eq'kfjdksa dh rjg ugh gS ftUgksus uqcqor dk
bUdkj fd;k vkSj bLyke dk bd+jkj uk fd;kA vxj mudk dqQz
eq'kfjdhu ds dqÝ dh rjg gksrk rks gekjs fy, muls 'kknh C;kg djuk
muds tchgk dk [kkuk gyky uk gksrk vkSj uk mudh ehjkl gyky
gksrhA il gt+jr vyhv-l ds b'kkZn ds eqrkfcd+ vxjps og gd+hd+r esa
eq'kfjd uk Fks ysfdu og flQZ viuh t+cku ls bd+jkj dh otg ls uke
ds eqlyeku Fks il bl bd+jkj dh otg ls muds lkFk 'kknh C;kg djuk
gyky gS vkSj mudh ehjkl gyky gSA geus tks dqN dgk gS mldh rkbZn
jlqys [+kqnkl-v-o vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy fjok;r ls gksrh gS il bl
flyflys esa tks fjok;r jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ls eudwy gS og ;g gS fd ,d
erZck tc fd vki dqN eky eqlyekuks ds njfe;ku rd+lhe Qjek jgs
Fks fd vpkud ,d 'k[+l ftldh vka[ks vUnj dks /kalh gqbZ Fkh vkSj Hkosa
ruh gqbZ Fkh vkids ikl vkdj [kM+k gks x;k vkSj dgus yxk fd vkius
tks dqN rd+lhe fd;k gS mlesa balkQ ls dke ugh fy;k gS bruk dgdj
og ihB QSjdj pyk x;kA b/kj vkagt+jrl-v-o ds psgjs dk jax cny x;k
vkSj vkius Qjek;k fd tc eSa gh balkQ ugh dj ldrk gq¡ rks fQj dkSu
vny o balkQ dj ldrk gS \ ysfdu eq>ls igys gt+jr ewlkv-l dks Hkh
,slh gh vt+h;r nh xbZ Fkh rks mUgksus lcz fd;k FkkA fQj vkius vius
563
pkjks rjQ gkt+jhu ls f[+krkc djds Qjek;k fd gs! dksbZ tks ml 'k[+l
dks tkdj d+Ry dj vk, il gt+jr vcw cØ mBs rks mUgksus mldks
efLtns gje esa uekt+ i<+rs gq, ik;kA mUgksus tkdj jlqys [+kqnkl-v-o ls
dgk , jlqys [+kqnkl-v-o eSus ml 'k[+l dks uekt+ i<+rs ik;k FkkA vkius
Qjek;k fd rqe cSB tkvks fQj vkius Qjek;k fd gS dksbZ tks ml 'k[+l
ds ikl tkdj mldks dRy dj vk,\ rks ml oD+r gt+jr mej mB [kM+s
gq,A og Hkh mldks uekt+ i<+rs gq, ns[kdj okil vk x, vkSj njckjs
fjlkyr evkcl-v-o esa vtZ fd;k fd , jlwys [+kqnkl v o- eSaus mldks uekt+
i<+rs gq, ik;k Fkk vkSj vHkh og uekt+ ls Qkfjx ugha gqvk gSA vkidh D;k
jk; gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd rqe Hkh cSB tkvksA fQj vkius Qjek;k fd
dkSu gS tks ml 'k[+l dks tkdj d+Ry dj vk,xk\ bl ckj gt+jr
vyhvl- us Qjek;k fd jlwys [+kqnkl--v-o eSa ml 'k[+l dks d+Ry d:axkA
vkagt+jrl-v-o- us Qjek;k , vyhv-l- D;k rqe mldks d+Ry djksaxs\ exj
og rks vc rqedksa feysxk Hkh ughaA pqukaps gt+jr vyhv-l- r'kjhQ ys x,
exj mldks uk ikdj okil ykSV vk, vkSj vkagt+jrl-v-o- dks okfd+Q
fd;kA vkagt+jrl-v-o us Qjek;k fd vxj rqe yksxksa us mldks ekj Mkyk
gksrk rks esjs ckn rqe esa ls dHkh Hkh nks 'k[+l bf[rykQ uk djrsA
vud+jhc ml 'k[+l dh uLy ls ,slh d+kSe iSnk gksxh tks dqjvku rks
i<+sxh exj og muds gYd+ ls rtkoqt+ uk djsxkA og nhu ls bl rjg
fudy tk,axs ftl rjg f'kdkj ls rhj vkj ikj gks tkrk gS yksxksa us vtZ
fd;k , jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o f'kdkj ls rhj dk fudyuk D;k gS\ vkius
Qjek;k fd tc dksbZ f'kdkjh f'kdkj ij rhj pykrk gS rks og f'kdkj ds
ftLe dks l[+r pksV yxus dh otg ls Nsn dj bl rjg fudyk tkrk
gS fd mlesa [+kwu dk ,d d+rjk Hkh ugha yxrkA il ;gh gky mu yksxksa
dk gS vxjps og bLyke esa nkkf[+ky gksxs exj bLyke ls mudks t+jk Hkh
yxko u gksxkA
vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l- ls tks ejoh gS og ;g gS fd vkius taxs
tey esa yksxksa dks yM+kbZ dh [kwc rjxhc nh FkhA vkius muls Qjek;k fd
vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd rqe yksx vbEek dqQZ dks d+Ry dj nks
D;ksafd muds fy, dksbZ vgnks iSeku ugha gS 'kk;n fd og yksx ckt+ vk
tk,A fQj vkius Qjek;k fd d+le c[+kqnk bl vk;r esa ftu vbEek
dqQZ dk ft+Ø gS mu ij vkt ls igys dHkh Hkh ,d rhj ugha pyk;k x;k
564
gS vkSj vkius taxs fl¶Qhu esa yksxksa ls Qjek;k Fkk fd ,gt+kc ds ckd+h
ekank yksxksa dks vkSj 'kSrku ds nksLrksa dks d+Ry dj nsA rqe yksx gj ml
'k[+l dks ekj Mkyks tks ;g dgrk gS fd vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyl-v-o- us
>wB dgk gS lp dgk gSA ;g yksx vius fny es tks Nqik, gq, gS mlds
cjvDl ¼myVk½ ;g dgrs gs fd vYykg vkSj jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o us lp dgk
gSA
ckfx+;ksa ds fxjksg ls tax djus ij vkius yksxksa dks tks rjx+hc nh
gS bl flyflys esa vkils ;g fjok;r ejoh gS vkidks bl vez dh
bfRrykv feyh fd eqvkfo;k ds ,d nLrs us 'kgj vcukj ij gYyk cksy
fn;k vkSj veh:y eqfeuhuv-l- dh tkfuc ls ogka tks 'k[+l xouZj eqd+jZj
Fkk mldks d+Ry dj Mkyk vkSj mUgksaus eqlyekuksa dh gqjer ywVh gSA
pqukps gt+jr vyhv-l- rUgk fugk;r xqLls dh gkyr esa ed+kes u[khyk
igq¡psA vkidks yksxksa us vkokt+ nh vkSj ogka ykxksa us vkidks tk fy;k vkSj
vtZ fd;k fd , veh:y eqfeuhuv-l okil ykSV pfy,A ge bl eqlhcr
ls fuiV ysaxsA mlds tokc esa vkius Qjek;k fd d+le c[+kqnk rqe uk rks
esjs fy, dkQh gks uk vius fy,A fQj vki muds njfe;ku [+kqrck nsus
ds fy, [kM+s gq,A [+kqnk dh gEn o luk ds ckn vkius Qjek;k fd blesa
dksbZ 'kd ugha gS fd ftgkn tUur ds njokt+ksa esa ls ,d njokt+k gSA il
tks ftgkn u djsxk [+kqnk mldks ft+Yyr dk fyckl iguk,xk vkSj
:lokbZ vkSj eqlhcr esa eqfCryk gksxk eSaus rqels dgk Fkk vkSj rqedks bl
ckr dk gqDe fn;k Fkk fd bl d+kSe ls tax djksA d+Cy blds fd og
rqels tax djsA vkSj ;kn j[kks fd ftl d+kSe ls mlds ?kj ds vkaxu esa
tax gqbZ gS og tyhy o [+okj gqbZ gSA il rqe 'kk;n vkSj vud+jhc
dgdj VkyeVksy djus yxs il bldk urhtk D;k gqvk ns[kk rqeus fd
eqvkfo;k ds bl vkfey us vcukj ij gYyk cksy fn;k vkSj esjs vkfey
bCus gLlku dks ekj MkykA brus gh ij cl ugha fd;k cfYd mlus vkSj
mlds lkfFk;ksa us eqlyekuksa dh bTtr ywVh eq>s ;g [+kcj feyh gS fd
og eqlyeku vkSjr vkSj ft+Eeh ds ikl pys tkrs Fks vkSj og iktsc vkSj
dku dh ckfy;k ywV dj pys tkrs FksA mudks vkSjrksa ds ikl tkus ls
dksbZ uk jksdrk Fkk fQj og ml gky esa okil x, fd muesa ls ,d 'k[+l
Hkh t+[eh rd ugha gqvk FkkA il d+le ck [+kqnk vxj dksbZ eqlyeku
x+sjr ean enZ bl ft+Yyr o :lokbZ ds x+e ls ekjs vQlksl ds ej Hkh
565
tk, rks og esjs ut+nhd eyker ds yk;d+ uk gksxk cfYd mlds fy, rks
vQlksl ls ej tkuk gh csgrj FkkA eq>s fdruk rvTtqc gS fnyks dh
tqnkbZ gS vkSj gqt+u o eyky dh dljr ij ftldk ckbl ;g d+kSe gS
tks ckfry ij tek gks xbZ gS vkSj rqe gks fd vius gd+ rych ds fy,
det+ksj vkSj cqt+fny gks x, gkas gRrkfd rhjks dk fu'kkuk gks x, gkas rqels
tax dh tkrh jgh gS vkSj rqe tax ugha djrsA rqe ij rks geyk fd;k
tkrk gS vkSj rqe geyk ugha djrsA [+kqnk dh ukQjekuh dh tk jgh gS vkSj
rqe mlesa [kq'k gksrs gksA tc eSa rqels dgrk gw¡ fd muls l[+r xehZ esa tax
djks rks rqe dgrss gks fd ;g l[+r xehZ ds fnu gS t+jk ekSd+k nhft, fd
gekjs lj ls l[+r xehZ ds ;g v¸;ke xqt+j tk, vkSj tc eSa rqels dgrk
gw¡ fd lnhZ ds ekSle esa muls tax djks rks rqe dgrks gks fd ;g lnhZ ds
l[+r fnu gS fQj rqEgh crkvksa esjs vkSj rqEgkjs fy, bu nks oD+rksa ds flok
vkSj dkSu lk oD+r gSA gd+hd+r gky ;g gS fd rqe lnhZ vkSj xehZ ls
Hkkxrs gh ugha cfYd eSa rks ;g dgw¡xk fd rqe yksx blls T;knk ryokj
ls Hkkxrs gksA , enksZa ds eq'kkfcgk yksxksa rqe yksx enZ ugha gks , dehuk
[+klyr xfV;k vD+y j[kus okyksa rqe yksxksa us viuh ukQjekuh vkSj enn
uk djds esjs fny dks xqLls ls Hkj fn;k gSA dqjS'k us rks ;gka rd dg
fn;k gS fd QjtUns vcw rkfyc cgknqj rks t+:j gS ysfdu yM+kbZ ds Qu
ls okfd+Q ugha gS rqEgh crkvks fd fQj eq>ls T;knk dkSu Qu&,&gjc
ls okfd+Q gS\ eSa tc chl lky dk Fkk fd mlh oD+r ls eSnkus&tax esa
gw¡ vkSj bl oD+r eSa lkB lky dk gks pqdk gwa exj mldh jk;s gh D;k
ftldh brkvr uk dh tk,A [+kqnk eq>dks rqEgkjh txg ij rqels vPNs
yksxksa dks vrk djs vkSj esjh txg ij rqEgkjs fy, ,sls 'k[+l dks eqd+jZj
dj ns tks rqEgkjs gd+ esa cgqr cqjk gksA d+le ck [+kqnk vc rks esjk ;g gky
gS fd eSa uk rks rqqEgkjh benkn dk mEehnokj gw¡ vkSj uk rqEgkjh ckr dks
lp ekurk gwaA rqe ftlds fy, rhj cuksxs mlds gd+ esa ukdke rhj
lkfcr gksaxss ml oD+r tUnc fcu vCnqyYykg mBs vkSj dgk fd ,
veh:y eqvfeuhuv l eSa vkSj esjk ;g HkkbZ ge nksuksa ogh ckr dgrs gS tks
gt+jr ewlkvl us dgh Fkh fd %
566
jfCc bUuh yk ve~fydks bYyk uQlh o v[kh 6&5@25 rtqZek %
ijojfnxkj eSa viuh tku vkSj vius HkkbZ ds flok fdlh vkSj pht+ dk
ekfyd ugha gw¡A il , veh:y eqfeuhuv l vki gedks gqDe nhft, fd
dle ck [+kqnk ge t+:j vkids vkxs tax djsaxs [+okg vkidh eqjkn ikus
ds fy, gesa vaxkjksa vkSj dkaVksa ij gh D;ks uk pyuk iM+s il gt+jr vyhv
l us mudh rkjhQ dh vkSj Qjek;k fd [+kqnk rqe ij jge djs rqe dgka
esjh eqjkn dks igq¡pksxs \ fQj vki okil vk x, vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l ls
;g Hkh ejoh gS fd vkius tqevk ds fnu gEn o luk ds ckn yksxksa ls
f[+krkc djds Qjek;k fd , yksxksa! rqEgkjs ftLe rks bdV~Bk gS ysfdu
rqegkjh eqjkns eq[+krfyQ gSA ftldks rqe cqykrs gks mldks rqEgkjk cqykuk
ilanhnk ugha gSa vkSj ftlds lkFk rqe gennhZ djrs gks mldk fny jat
o x+e ls jkgr ugha ikrkA rqEgkjh ckr l[r ls l[+r vkneh dks detksj
cuk nsrh gS vkSj rqEgkjk rjhd+kdkj ,slk gS fd rqEgkjk nq'eu rqEgkjs vanj
ykyp vkSj rev djrk gS tc eSa rqe ls dgrk gwa fd rqe vius nq'euksa
ls eqd+kcyk djks rks rqe dgrs gks fd dSls vkSj dc\ vkSj ge mez jlhnk
xqejkgks dks igpkurs Hkh ugha gS rqe eq> ls rk[+khj dk loky djrs gks
ftl rjg d+tZ+nkj d+t+Z vnk djus esa nsjh djrk gSA vQlksl ln&vQlksl
t+yhy balku T+kqYe o flre dks nQk ugha dj ldrk vkSj gd+ lPpkbZ
vkSj dksf'k'k gh ls feyrk gSA il rqe yksx vius ml ?kj ds vykok fdl
?kj dh fgQkt+r djksxs vkSj esjs ckn rqe yksx fdl beke ds lkFk ftgkn
djksaxsA vc rks esjk ;g gky gks x;k gS fd eq>s rqEgkjh benkn dh dksbZ
ykyp ugha gS vkSj uk rqedks nkor djus dh eq>s jx+cr gh gS [+kqnk eq>s
vkSj rqEgs vyx&vyx dj ns vkSj [+kqnk rqEgkjs ,ot+ ,sls yksxksa dks
eksg¸;k dj ns tks esjs fy, rqe ls csgrj gksa vkSj esjh txg ij rqEgkjs fy,
fdlh ,sls 'k[+l dks eqlYyr dj ns tks rqEgkjs fy, eq>ls cnrj gksA
bruk Qjekus ds ckn vki feEcj ls mrj vk, tc 'kke gks xbZ rks yksx
vkidh f[+kner esa gkft+j gksdj cgkus djus yxs exj vkius mlds tokc
esa muls Qjek;k fd rqe yksx vud+jhc esjs ckn t+yhy o [okj gksxs vkSj
brus cqjs vatke dks igq¡pksaxs fd ftls yksx rqEgkjs f[+kykQ gqTtr cuk
ysaxs ;gka rd fd rqEgkjh vk¡[ksa jksus yxsxh vkSj rqEgkjs ?kjksa ij eksgrktxh
dk vkye rkjh gksxk vkSj [+kqnk rks t+kfyeksa dks gh nwj j[krk gSA pqukaps
dvc fcu ekfyd fcu tanc vt+nh tc veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l ds bl
567
b'kkZns fxjkeh dks ;kn djrs vkSj yksxksa ds gky dks ns[krs rks jksrs vkSj
dgrs fd d+le ck [+kqnk veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l us lp Qjek;k Fkk blesa
dksbZ 'kd ugha fd vkius tks dqN Qjek;k Fkk geus og reke ckrsa ns[k
yhA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS fd ,d erZck tks yksx vkids lkFk
tax es a'kjhd u Fks vkius muds vrh;k dks can dj fn;k vkSj mudks
,vjkc ¼nsgkrh½ ds ntZs ij j[k fn;k vkSj tc bCus mej us vrh;k ryc
djrs gq, vkidks [kr fy[kk rks gt+jr vyhv-l us mlds tokc esa ;g
fy[kk fd tc rqeus gekjh tax esa 'kd o 'kqCgk fd;k rks fQj gedks Hkh
rqedks vrh;k nsus esa 'kd iSnk gks x;kA blds tokc esa bCus mej us fy[kk
fd dle ck [+kqnk tax esa vkils ihNs jgus ij eq>s unker o vQlksl
gS mUgksaus bl ckjs esa fugk;r mEnk xq¶rxw dh Fkh il vkius mudks
vrh;k ls uokt+k blls ekywe gksrk gS fd vkius rkSck ds ckn gh mudks
vrh;k ls uokt+k FkkA
ckfx;ksa esa ls vxj dksbZ fdlh enZ eqvfeu dks d+Ry dj ns rks
mldh 'kgknr ds Qt+y esa vcw vCnqy jgZeku lyeh ls ;g fjok;r
eudwy gS og dgrs gS fd eSa gt+jr vyhv-l ds lkFk taxs fl¶~Qhu esa
ekStwn Fkk il eSus vEekj fcu ;kflj dks geyk djrs gq, ns[kk Fkk og
eSnkus dkjt+kj esa fugk;r mEnk dkjukek vatke nsdj bl gky esa ykSVs
ds ekj dkV ls mudh ryokj eqM+ xbZ Fkh ml oD+r veh:y eqvfeuhuvl
ds lkFk vlgkcs jlwyYykglvo dh ,d tekr Hkh Fkh ftUgksaus jlwys
[+kqnklvo ds bl d+kSy dks lquk Fkk fd , vEekj rqedks ckfx+;ksa dk fxjksg
d+Ry djsxkA pqukaps vEekj ftl oknh dh rjQ tkrs yksx mudk ihN
djrs Fks brus esa mUgksaus vyhv-l ds vyecjnkj gkf'ke fcu vrck dks
ns[kk fd mUgksaus >aMk xk<+ fn;k gS gkf'ke ,d p'e ¼,d vka[k½ Fks gt+jr
vEekjjv us gkf'ke ls dgk fd , ;d p'e cqt+fny\ bl bd p'e esa
dksbZ HkykbZ ugha gS tks tax esa ugha mrjrk rqe gekjs lkFk feydj geyk
djksA il gkf'ke us ;g 'kvj i<+rs gq, >aM+k m[kkM+ fy;k fd ^,oj ¼,d
vka[k okyk½ vius vgyks v;ky ds fy;s egy dk rkfyc gS mlus ftanxh
ds fy, cgqr gkFk&ikao ekjk vkSj vc og eywy [+kkfrj gks pqdk gS vkSj
blds flok dksbZ pkjk ugha gS fd og f'kdLr [kk tk, ;k nq'euksa dks
f'kdLr ns nsA gt+jr vEekjj-t- us gkf'ke ls dgk fd , gkf'ke vkxs c<ks
568
ekSr ust+ksa ds vrjkQ esa gS vkSj tUur pedrh gqbZ ryokjksa ds uhps gS
vxj 'kghn gks x, rks rqe eksgEen jlwyYykgl-v-o ds lkFk jQhd+s vkvyk
esa gw:y&,su ls tk feyksaxsA il mu nksuksa gtjkr us feydj ,slk geyk
fd;k fd fQj ftank ykSV dj ugha vk, vkSj nksuks 'kghn gks x,A [+kqnk dh
jger mu nksuksa ijA 'kgknr ds ckn bCus me: us gt+jr vEekjj-t- dks
'kghn djus ds eqrkfYyd+ nks vknfe;ksa dks >xM+k djrs gq, lquk muesa ls
gj ,d ;g dgrk Fkk fd mlus vEekjj v dks d+Ry fd;k gSA il
vCnqyYYkkg fcu me: us dgk fd bu nksuksa ds fy, cM+s rvT+t+qc dh ckr
gS fd nksuks bl ckjs esa >xM+k dj jgs gS fd dkSu tgUue esa nkf[ky
gksxkA gt+jr vEekjj-t- us dgk fd eq>s esjs diM+ks esa nQu dj nks eSa blh
gkyr esa d+;ker ds fnu [+kqlqer ¼>xM+k½ d:axkA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd d+;ker ds fnu eq>s
vkSj eqvkfo;k dks ckjxkgs&bykgh esa [kM+k fd;k tk,xkA il ge gqTtr
o nyhy djsaxsA il geesa ls tks dke;kc gksxk rks mlds vlgkc Hkh
dke;kc gksxsA vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l ls ;g Hkh ejoh gS fd vki dwQk esa
[+kqrck ns jgs Fks fd [okfjt esa ls ,d 'k[+l us [kM+s gksdj dgk fd gde
flQZ [+kqnk gh ds fy, gS il gt+jr veh:y eqfeuuv-l [kkeks'k jgsA fQj
,d ds ckn nwljs dbZ mBs tc mUgksaus ;gh ckr c dljr nksgjkbZ rks
vkius Qjek;k fd ckr rks lp gS exj ;g dyek, gd+ ls ckfry dh
rjQ cqyk;k tkrk gS fd d+;ker rd rqe esa ls tks fQjd+k Hkh [+okg
T;knk gks ;k de ge ij [kw:t djsxkA mldh ekSr gekjs gkFkksa ls gksxh
vkSj ;d+hu j[kks fd rqels ftgkn djuk vQt+y rjhu ftgkn gS vkSj
vQt+y rjhu 'kghn og gS ftldks rqeus d+Ry fd;k gS vkSj vQt+y
rjhu eqtkfgn og gS ftlus rqedks d+Ry fd;k gSA
il rqe vkt tks pkgks djks ysfdu ;kn j[kks fd d+;ker ds fnu
vgys ckfry gh ukdke o uk eqjkn gksaxs vkSj gj [+kcj dh ,d eqn~nr gS
il rqedks vud+jhc ekywe gks tk,xkA
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd ckfx+;ksa
ds fxjksg dks tax ls igys nkor dh tk, rks ;g csgrj gS ojuk mUgs rks
[+kcj gh gS fd mudks fdl ckr dh rjQ cqyk;k tk jgk gS vkSj ;g Hkh
yk;d+ gS fd tc rd og tax dh bfCrnk uk djs muls tax dh igy
uk dh tk,A gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS fd vkius taxs tey esa
569
eksgEen fcu gufQ;k dks >aMk fn;k Fkk vkius mudks vius vkxs j[kkA
beke gluv-l dks eseuk ij eqd+jZj fd;k vkSj beke gqlSuv-l dks esljk ij
vkSj vki [+kqn >aMs dh ihNs jlwys [+kqnkl-v-o ds [kPpj 'kgckj ij cSBs FksA
bCus gufQ;k dk c;ku gS fd yksx gels d+jhc gks x, vkSj mUgksaus ge
ij rhj dh ckfj'k 'kq: dj nh vkSj gekjs ,d vkneh dks d+Ry dj fn;k
ml oD+r eSa gt+jr veh:y eqfeuhuv-l dh rjQ eqroTtk gqvkA eSaus
ns[kk fd vki ij l[+r uhan dk xyck gS eSaus vtZ fd;k fd , veh:y
eqfeuhuv-l bl gky esa Hkh vki lks jgs gS\ tcfd nq'euksa us ge ij rhj
dh ckfj'k dj nh gS vkSj mUgksaus gekjs ,d vkneh dks d+Ry Hkh dj fn;k
gS vkSj yksx gykd gks jgs gS vkius Qjek;k fd eSa ns[k jgk gwa fd rqe
nks'khtk yM+dh dh rjg ckrs djrs gks ;g >aMk jlwyYykgl-v-o dk >aMk
gS il vkius mldks idM+dj fgyk;k ml oD+r gok gekjs f[+kykQ Fkh
il gok dk :[+k mudh rjQ gks x;k vkSj vkius vkLrhu p<+k yh vkSj
mu ij l[r geyk fd;k vkSj ryokj ls bruk ekjk fd vkidh d+ck dk
nkeu [+kwu esa rj gks x;k vkSj ryokj eqM+ x;hA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS vkius Qjek;k fd vgys cx+kor ls
tax dh tk, vkSj mudks reke gfFk;kjksa ls d+Ry fd;k tk, ftlls
eq'kfjdksa dks d+Ry fd;k tkrk gS vkSj vgys fd+cyk esa ls muds f[kykQ
ftldh enn fey lds enn yh tk, vkSj vxj dqnjr gks rks mudks bl
rjg d+Sn fd;k tk, ftl rjg eq'kfjdksa dks dS+n fd;k tkrk gSA taxs
fl¶Qhu esa tc veh:y eqfeuhuv-l dh f[kner esa ,d dS+nh dks is'k
fd;k x;k rks mlus dgk fd , veh:y eqfeuhuv-l vki eq>s d+Ry uk
dhft, vkius Qjek;k fd D;k rqe esa bruh HkykbZ gS fd cSvr dj ldrs
gks\ mlus dgk fd gka il tks 'k[+l mldks dS+n djds yk;k Fkk vkius
mlls Qjek;k fd bldk gfFk;kj vc rqEgkjk gS vkSj vkius ml 'k[+l dks
fjgk dj fn;k FkkA blh rjg vEekj fcu ;kfljj-t- ,d d+Snh dks yk, Fks
ftldks vkius d+Ry dj fn;k Fkk tc cljk igq¡ps rks gt+jr vEekj us
vkils iwNk fd , veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l vki bu yksxksa ds lkFk dSlk
lqywd djsaxs\ rks vkius Qjek;k fd eSa buds lkFk vglku vkSj ekQh dk
lqywd d:¡xk ftl rjg fd Qrg eDdk ds fnu vkagt+jrlvo us eDdk
okyksa ds lkFk vglku vkSj ekQh dk lqywd fd;k FkkA
570
beke tvQ:Llkfnd+v-l ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd veh:y
eqvfeuhuv-l vius nq'euksa ds lkFk egt+ vius f'kvks dh [kkfrj vQks o
dje dk lqywd djrs Fks D;ksafd vki ;g vPNh rjg tkurs Fks fd vkids
ckn muds nq'eu vud+jhc f'kvks ij x+kfyc vk tk;saxs blfy, vkius
bl ckr dks ilan fd;k fd vkids ckn tks 'k[+l eluns f[+kykQr ij
vk,xk og vkidh iSjoh djrs gq, vkids f'kvks ds lkFk gqLu lqywd ls
is'k vk,xk vkSj vkids rtZ vey ds f[+kykQ u gksxkA veh:y eqvfeuhuvl
ds gqLu lqywd ds ckotwn yksxksa us ;g le>k fd vkius tqYe o flre
ls dke fy;k gS vkSj tc vgys cx+kor f'kdLr [kk tk,a vkSj mudk dksbZ
,slk fxjksg ekStwn gks fd tgka tkdj iukg ys ldrs gks rks mudk ihNk
fd;k tk, vkSj t+f[e;ksa ij tcZ dkjh yxk;k tk, vkSj tSls Hkh eqefdu
gks mudks d+Ry dj fn;k tk,A
gt+jr vyhv-l us vlgkcs flQ~Qhu ds lkFk ,slk gh lqywd fd;k
Fkk D;ksafd muds ihNs eqvfo;k dk gkFk dke dj jgk Fkk vkSj tc ckfx;ksa
dk dksbZ ,slk fxjksg u gks rks d+Ry djus ds fy, mudk ihNk u fd;k
tk, vkSj u t+f[e;ksa ij tcZ dkjh yxkbZ tk, D;ksafd tc og ihB
fQjkdj Hkkxsaxs rks equrf'kj gks tk;saxsA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS fd tc rYgk o tqcSj ekjs x, vkSj
gt+jr vk;'kk fxj¶rkj gks xbZ vkSj vlgkcs taxs tey f'kdLr [kk pqds
rks ml oD+r vkius muds lkFk gqLu lqywd fd;k Fkk vkids equknh us ;g
fuank dh fd , yksxks! fdlh t+[eh ij tcZ dkjh uk yxkvks vkSj uk fdlh
ihB fQjkdj Hkkxus okyks dk ihNk djks vkSj tks viuk gfFk;kj Mky ns
mldks veku gS blds ckn vkius jlwys vdjel-v-o dk [+kPpj 'kgckv
eaxk;k vkSj ml ij cSB dj Qjek;k fd , Qyk , Qyka ;gka vkvks tc
d+chyk&,&genku ds rd+jhcu lkB 'ks[k ¼cqM~<s½ vkids ikl tek gks x,
mUgksaus viuh <kyksa dks j[k fn;k Fkk vkSj ryokjksa dks E;ku esa dj fy;k
Fkk vkSj ustksa dks cka/k fy;k Fkk vkSj mls [+kqn igu j[kk Fkk gt+jr vyhvl
bl gky esa pys fd og lc 'ks[k vkids pkjksa rjQ Fks vki ,d cgqr cM+s
?kj ds ikl igq¡ps vkius mls [kksyus ds fy, Qjek;k pqukaps ml ?kj dks
[kksyk x;k rks mlesa vkSjrsa Fkh tks vkaxu esa jks jgh FkhA tc mUgksaus
vkidks ns[kk rks ;d ckjxh lcdh lc ph[k ekjdj dgus yxh fd ;gh
nksLrksa dk d+kfry gS il vkius muls dqN Hkh uk Qjek;k vkSj gt+jr
571
vk;'kk ds eqrkfYyd+ iwNk lks og Hkh vkids fy, [kksy fn;k x;k il
mlesa ls vkius vtz jOokgh ds ;g vyQkt+ lqus ugha c[+kqnk gka d+le ck
[+kqnk mlds ckn tc vki ckgj fudys rks vkidh ut+j xaneh jax dh ,d
njkt d+n vkSjr ij iM+h tks ?kj ds vanj pgy d+neh dj jgh FkhA
vkius mlls Qjek;k fd , lQh;k! mUgksaus dgk fd yCcsd , veh:y
eqfeuhuv-l vkius Qjek;k fd D;k rqe bu dqfr;ks dks eq>ls nwj u
djksxh\ ftudks ;g cnxqekuh gS fd eSa nksLrksa dk d+kfry gw¡ vxj eSa
nksLrksa dk d+kfry gksrk rks ml gqtjs esa tks yksx gS mudks Hkh d+Ry dj
nsrk vkSj tks ml gqtjs esa gS mudks Hkh d+Ry dj nsrk vkSj tks bl gqtjs
esa gS mu dks Hkh d+Ry dj nsrkA vkius rhu gqtjksa dh rjQ b'kkjk
Qjek;k il ?kj ds vanj tks vkSjrsa ph[k jgh Fkh og [kkeks'k gks xbZ vkSj
tks [kM+h Fkh og cSB xbZA vlcx ftUgksaus bl okfd+vk dks c;ku fd;k
gSA og dgrs gS fd mu gqtjksa esa ls ,d gqtjs esa vk;'kk viuh [okl ds
lkFk cSBh Fkh vkSj nwljs esa ejoku fcu gde vkSj nwljs ukStokuku dqjS'k
Fks vkSj rhljs esa vCnqyYykg fcu tqcSj vius vgyks v;ky ds lkFk FksA
vlcx ls iwNk x;k fd vki yksxksa us mu ij vius gkFk D;ksa ugha mBk,
vkSj mudks D;ksa ugha ekj Mkyk\ D;k ;g yksx bLyke ds ftLe esa uklwj
uk Fks il mudks D;ksa ckd+h j[kk x;k\ vlcx dgrs gS fd d+le ck [+kqnk
gekjs gkFk ryokjksa ds d+Ctksa ij igq¡p pqds Fks vkSj gekjh fuxkgsa muds ckjs
esa veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l ds Qjeku dh equrft+j Fkh il vkius dqN Hkh
ugha fd;k mu ij vkidk jge o dje dq'kknk gks x;k mUgksaus ckd+h
okfd+vk dks rwy ds lkFk c;ku fd;k Fkk ftldks geus ;gka eq[rflj dj
fn;k gSA
vgys vny o balkQ vxj vgys cx+kor dks iukg ns rks og
eq'kfjdhu dks iukg nsus ds cjkcj gSA vxj dksbZ vkfny 'k[+l fdlh
ckx+h dkss iukg ns rks og veku esa gS tc rd fd mldks mlds iukg xkg
rd igq¡pk uk nsA
572
vgys cx+kor ds veokys x+uher dk gqDevgys cx+kor ds veokys x+uher dk gqDevgys cx+kor ds veokys x+uher dk gqDevgys cx+kor ds veokys x+uher dk gqDevgys cx+kor ds veokys x+uher dk gqDe
gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS fd tc vgys tey dks vki
f'kdLr ns pqds rks og yksx vius y'dj xkg esa tks eky o vlckc yk,
Fks og lc vkids gkFk vk;kA mldks vkius ik¡p fgLlksa esa rd+lhe dj
fn;k muesa ls pkj fgLlk vkius vlgkc dks ns fn;k vkSj py iM+s tc
cljk igq¡ps rks vkids vlgkc us vtZ fd;k fd , veh:y eqfeehuv-l
vki vlgkcs tey dh vkSykn vkSj muds veoky dks gekjs njfe;ku
rd+lhe dj ns vkius Qjek;k fd ;g rqEgkjs fy, gyky ugha gS mu
yksxksa us dgk fd , veh:y eqfeuhuv-l fQj fdl rjg vkius gekjs fy,
mudk [kwu gyky d+jkj fn;k Fkk nj gkykafd muds choh cPpksa dks xqyke
cukuk gyky ugha gS\ vkius Qjek;k fd ns[kks enksZa us gels tax dh Fkh
il geus Hkh enksZa ls tax dh ysfdu vkSjrsa vkSj cPps rks mu ij gedks
dksbZ bf[+r;kj ugha gaSA D;ksafd og eqlyeku gS vkSj nk:y fgtjr esa gS
il gedks mu ij dksbZ bf[+r;kj ugha gSa ysfdu mUgksaus ftl lktks leku
ds tfj, rqe ij p<+kbZ dh Fkh vkSj tkss eky o vlckc muds y'dj ds
ikl Fks mu ij rqEgkjk iwjk bf[+r;kj gS vkSj tks eky o vlckc muds
?kjksa esa gS lks [+kqnk ds gqDe ds eqrkfcd+ og mudh vkSykn dh ehjkl gS
vkSj mudh vkSjrksa ij v¸;kesa bn~nr xqt+kjuk okftc gS il rqedks uk rks
mu ij uk muds cPpksa ij dksbZ bf[+r;kj gSA tc mUgksaus bl ckr dks dbZ
ckj nksgjk;k rks vkius muls Qjek;k fd vPNk rks vkvks vk;'kk ij
fd+jvk vankth ¼fpV~Bh fudkyuk½ djks ftlds fgLls esa vk, ys tk,
blfy, fd ogh rks bl fQruk dh >M+ gSA og lc dgus yxs ge [+kqnk
ls ekQh pkgrs gSA vkius Hkh Qjek;k fd eSa Hkh [+kqnk ls ekQh pkgrk gw¡A
il og lcds lc [kkeks'k gks x, vkSj mUgksaus ckfx+;ksa ds ?kjksa ds eky o
vlckc vkSj mudh vkSykn vkSj vkSjrksa ds eqrkfYyd+ dksbZ eqrkyck ugha
fd;kA il vgys cx+kor ds lkFk blh fd+Le dk lwywd djuk pkfg,A
gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS vkius Qjek;k fd vgys cx+kor vius
lkFk tks eky o vlckc gfFk;kj] gSoku] ykSaMh] xqyke oxSjg ysdj
geykoj gks og eky x+uher gS mudks ik¡p fgLlks esa ckaVdj mlh rjg
ls rd+lhe fd;k ftl rjg eq'kfjdks ds veokys x+uher dks rd+lhe
573
fd;k tkrk gS vkSj gt+jr vyhv-l ls ;g Hkh eudwy gS fd tc yksxksa us
vkids gkFk ij csvr dj fy;k rks vkius gt+jr mLeku ds ?kj esa
eqlyekuksa ds tks eky o vlckc vkSj gfFk;kj Fks mu ij d+Ctk dj fy;k
vkSj tks eky o vlckc gt+jr mLeku ds tkrh Fks mudks muds okfjlksa
ds lqiqnZ dj fn;k vkSj vkils ;g Hkh fjok;r gS fd v'vr fcu d+Sl tks
vkt+j cstku ij gt+jr mLeku dh rjQ ls xouZj eqd+jZj Fks tc og ogka
ls okil vk, rks muds ikl ,d yk[k fnjge Fks cvt+ us dgk fd mUgs
gt+jr mLeku us tkxhj esa fn;k Fkk vkSj cvt+ us dgk fd v'kvr us
viuh xouZjh ds t+ekus esa bls tek fd;k FkkA il veh:y eqfeuhuv-l
us v'kvr dks gkftj djus dk gqDe fn;k rks mUgksaus blls badkj dj
fn;k vkSj ;g dgk fd , veh:y eqfeuhuv-l eSaus bls vkidh xouZjh ds
tekus esa ugha ik;k gS vkius v'kvr ls Qjek;k fd d+le ck [+kqnk vxj
rqeus bl jd+e dks eqlyekuksa ds csrqy eky esa tek ugha fd;k rks bl
ryokj ls rqedksa t:j ek:axk fQj tgk pkgs rks rqedks yx tk, il
v'vr us ml jd+e dks vkids lkeus ykdj j[k fn;kA vkSj vkius mldks
ysdj eqlyekuksa ds csrqy eky esa tek dj fn;kA vki blh rjg gt+jr
mLeku ds reke xouZjksa ds ihNs iM+ x,A muds gkFkksa esa ls tks dqN Hkh
vkidks feyk ml ij d+Ctk dj fy;k vkSj mUgksaus tks dqN ryQ dj
fn;k mldk mUgha dks ftEesnkj d+jkj fn;kA
gt+jr vyhv l ls ejoh gS fd tc yksxksa us vkils cSvr dj fy;k
rks vkius muls f[krkc djrs gq, Qjek;k fd [+kcjnkj gj og tkxhj
ftls gt+jr mLeku us fn;k Fkk vkSj gj og eky ftls mUgksaus crkSj
vrh;k fn;k Fkk mldks eqlyekuksa ds csrqy eky esa okil dj fn;k tk,
D;ksafd ckfry gd+ dks ugha feVk ldrkA d+le gS ml t+kr ikd dh
ftlus nkus dks mxk;k vkSj e[kywd+ dks iSnk fd;k gS vxj eq>s ekywe gks
tk, fd bl eky ls vkSjrksa dh 'kknh dh xbZ gS vkSj 'kgjksa esa b/kj&m/
kj dj fn;k x;k gS rks eSa mldks t+:j gkfly djds eqLrfgd+ rd
igq¡pkÅ¡xk D;ksafd gd+ ckr vkSj vny o balkQ gh ls rqEgkjs fy,
dq'kknxh gks ldrh gSA il tks vny o balkQ ij csd+kcw gksxk rks og
tqYe o flre ij rks vkSj csd+kcw vkSj cs yxke gksxkA
574
nks fxjksg ds chp tks dqN gks pqdk mlds gqDe dknks fxjksg ds chp tks dqN gks pqdk mlds gqDe dknks fxjksg ds chp tks dqN gks pqdk mlds gqDe dknks fxjksg ds chp tks dqN gks pqdk mlds gqDe dknks fxjksg ds chp tks dqN gks pqdk mlds gqDe dk
c;kuc;kuc;kuc;kuc;ku
ge blds d+Cy c;ku dj pqds gS fd [+kqnk ds gqDe ds eqrkfcd+
vgys cx+kor ls ml oD+r rd tax dh tk, tc rd fd og [+kqnk ds
gqDe dh rjQ :twv uk gks tk, vkSj [+kqnk oan rvkyk us ckfx+;ksa ls tax
djus dk tks gqDe fn;k gS mlh esa mudks d+Ry djus dh btktr Hkh
ekStwn gS il vxj vgys vny esa ls fdlh us fdlh ckx+h dks ekj Mkyk
vkSj d+kfry igpkuk tk, ;k uk igpkuk tk, bl d+Ry ds flyflys esa
ml ij dksbZ rkoku vk;n uk gksxk D;ksafd mlus ,sls 'k[+l dks d+Ry
fd;k gS ftldks d+Ry djus dk gqDe [+kqnk us fn;k vkSj [+kqnk us ckfx+;ksa
dks vgys vny ds lkFk tax djus dk gqDe gh ugha fn;k gS fd ftlls
mudk vgys vny dks d+Ry djuk eqckg gksxk il vxj ;g ekywe gks
tk, fd Qyka ckx+h us vgys vny esa ls fdlh dks d+Ry dj fn;k gS
muls tax ds oD+r ;k fdlh vkSj ekSd+s ij rks tc og fey tk, rks
mldks fxj¶rkj dj fy;k tk, vkSj geus tks dqN dgk gS bldh rkbZn
[+kqnk ds bl b'kkZn ls gksrh gS fd %
Qbu QkÅ QbuYykg% xQw:j jghe 2&2@226 rtqZek % il vxj og
:twv dj ys rks [+kqnk cM+k c['kus okyk esgjcku gSA il dksbZ ,slh ckr
ugha gS tks gekjh bl ckr dks ckfry Bgjk, ;k Qkfln d+jkj ns cfYd
gekjh ckr rks vk;r etdwjk ls lkfcr gksrh gSA D;ksafd QbZ eqefdu gh
ugha flok, blds fd gd+ dh tkfuc :twv fd;k tk,A blh rjg ekywe
gks tk, fd Qyka ckxh us vgys vny dk eky ys fy;k gS rks mlls ryc
fd;k tk, vkSj tc d+kfry xSj ekywe gks vkSj eky dk ysus okyk Hkh uk
ekywe gks rks ml lwjr esa dqN Hkh okftc ugh gS D;ksafd ;g ekywe ugh
gS fd fdl ij gqDe tkjh fd;k vkSj fdlh dks cxSj fdlh tqeZ ds
idM+uk Hkh okftc ugha gS D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk dk b'kkZn gS fd %
575
oyk rft+jks okft+jrqu fot+j% m[kjk 8&6@165 rtqZek % vkSj dksbZ 'k[+l
fdlh nwljs ds xqukg dk cks> ugha mBkus dkA gt+jr vyhv-l ls ejoh gS
fd ,d erZck cuh vln fcu vCnqy mT+t+k dk ,d enZ vkids :c: is'k
fd;k x;k ftlus gt+jr mLeku ds esglwj ¼fxj¶rkj½ gksus ds oD+r ,d
valkjh dks d+Ry dj fn;k Fkk tc gt+jr mLeku d+Ry gks x, rks valkj
us bl dqjS'kh dks ns[kk fd og muds njfe;ku py fQj jgk gS il valkj
esa ls ,d 'k[+l ml ij >iV iM+k vkSj mldks d+Ry dj fn;k il vgys
dqjS'kh us mu valkj ds f[kykQ nkn [okgh dh ftUgksaus dqjS'kh dks ekj
Mkyk FkkA dqjS'kh ds yksxksa us dgk fd bl valkjh us gekjs lkFkh dks d+Ry
djus esa igy dh Fkh il gt+jr vyhv-l us muls Qjek;k fd blesa dksbZ
'kqCgk ugha gS fd rqEgkjs lkfgc us muds lkfgc dks tqYe ls d+Ry dj
fn;k Fkk gkykafd mudk lkfgc etywe Fkk il vkius d+kfry valkjh ds
cj f[+kykQ mudh enn dh vkSj vgys cx+kor dks mudh cx+kor dh
otg ls ,d nwljs dks dqN rdyhQ gks rks og vdkjr gS vkSj vxj vgys
vny dk beke ;g equkflc [+;ky djs fd vgys cxkor ds lkFk lqyg
djus esa vgys vny ds fy, rkd+r vkSj HkykbZ dk ekStc ¼r;½ gS rks
muls oSls gh lqyg dj ys ftl rjg eq'kfjdksa ls lqyg dh tkrh gS vkSj
vxj vgys vny ds ikl ckfx+;ksa ds eky o vlckc gks rks tc rd og
cx+kor ij d+kbe jgs rc rd muds veoky dks jksd fy;k tk, vkSj tc
og gd+ dh rjQ :twv gks tk, rks mudks okil dj fn;k tk, bldks
ekys x+uher uk le>k tk, cfYd flQZ jksd j[kk tk, rkfd og bl
eky ds t+fj, vgys vny ls tax djus ij dqnjr uk j[k lds vkSj tc
vez o gqDe vgys vny ds bf[+r;kj esa gks rks vgys cx+kor dks gejkg
ysdj eq'kfjdksa ds lkFk tax dh tk, vkSj vxj veoky x+uher gkFk vk
tk, rks vgys vny dk vehj mldks ysdj ikap fgLlksa esa ckaV ns ikapok
fgLlk [+kqn ys vkSj pkj fgLlksa dks vgys vny vkSj vgys cxkor esa
cjkcj rd+lhe dj ns vkSj vgys cx+kor dk vehj [+kqel esa ls tjk Hkh
u ysus ik, vxj d+Ctk dj ys rks mlds f[+kykQ tax dh tk, ;g vgys
cSrs jlwyvl- ls ejoh gSA
576
vgys fd+cyk esa ls fdldks d+Ry djuk tkbt+ gSvgys fd+cyk esa ls fdldks d+Ry djuk tkbt+ gSvgys fd+cyk esa ls fdldks d+Ry djuk tkbt+ gSvgys fd+cyk esa ls fdldks d+Ry djuk tkbt+ gSvgys fd+cyk esa ls fdldks d+Ry djuk tkbt+ gS
mldk c;kumldk c;kumldk c;kumldk c;kumldk c;ku
vxj dksbZ 'k[+l vgdkes bLyke esa ls fdlh ,d gqDe dk badkj
dj ns vkSj 'kjkv&,&bLyke esa ls fdlh 'kjv dk equfdj gks tk, rks
mlls tax dh tk, ;gka rd fd og rkSck dj ysA pksjksa ls tax djuk
vkSj c gkyr nQk ¼Hkkxrs oD+r½ mudks d+Ry djuk eqckg vkSj tkbt+ gSA
beke ckfd+jv-l ls eudwy gS fd vkils ,sls 'k[+l ds eqrkfYyd+
iwNk x;k tks vius eky dh fgQkt+r djrs gq, ekjk x;k gS vkius
Qjek;k fd vkagt+jrl-v-o ls ;g gnhl ejoh gS fd vkius Qjek;k fd tks
'k[+l vius eky dh fgQkt+r djrs gq, d+Ry dj fn;k x;k og 'kghn
gS vkSj vxj eSa gksrk rks eky dks NksM+ nsrk vkSj mlds fy, tax uk djrk
vkSj vxj pksj d+Ry djus dk bjknk j[krk gks rks enZ eqfLye dks flQZ
viuh tku dh enkfQvr ¼fgQkt+r½ djuh pkfg,A pksj ds ikl ls tks
eky cjken gks vxj mlds vly ekfyd dk irk py tk, rks mldks
okil dj fn;k tk,A vkSj vxj ljnkj vkSj tklwl gkFk vk tk, rks
nksuksa dks d+Ry dj fn;k tk, vgys cSrs jlwyv-l ls ;gh ejoh gSA
gt+jr vyhv-l ls eudwy gS fd vkius eqjrn dks d+Ry djus dk
gqDe fn;k gSA vkius Qjek;k fd tks 'k[+l nhu bLyke ij iSnk gqvk fQj
mlus vius nhu dks cny Mkyk mlls rkSck uk djokbZ tk, cfYd d+Ry
dj fn;k tk,A vkSj tks 'k[+l bLyke ds vykok fdlh vkSj nhu dk isjks
Fkk vkSj bLyke ykus ds ckn fQj eqjrn gks x;k rks rhu fnu rd mlls
rkSck djokbZ tk, il vxj rkSck dj ys rks Bhd ojuk d+Ry dj fn;k
tk, vkSj vxj vkSjr gks rks mldks d+Sn[kkus es Mky fn;k tk, ;gka rd
fd og ck&gkyr d+Sn esa ej tk, ;k rkSck dj ysA
gt+jr veh:y eqvfeuhuv-l ls ejoh gS fd vkids lkeus cs&nhuks
dks tc is'k fd;k x;k rks vkius mudks d+Ry djds tyk fn;k Fkk vkSj
vxj ,d d+kSe bLyke ls fQj tk, vkSj og vius vgy o v;ky ds lkFk
,d ?kj esa tek gks tk, rks muls eq'kfjdksa dh rjg tax dh tk, vkSj tc
mu ij x+yck gkfly gks tk, rks tax djus okyksa dks d+Ry dj fn;k tk,
vkSj mudh vkSjrksa vkSj cPpksa dks d+Sn dj fn;k tk, c'krsZ ;g fd mudh
577
vkSjrsa Hkh enksZa dh rjg bLyke ls eqjrn gks xbZ gksaA il vxj eqjrnhu
fdlh ?kj esa vanj uk gks rks mudks d+Ry dj fn;k tk, vkSj mudh vkSjrksa
esa ls vxj dksbZ vkSjr eqjrn gks tk, rks mldks rk ekSr d+Sn esa j[kk tk,
;k fQj og rkSck dj ys vkSj tc eqjrnhu dh vkSykn ckfyx+ gks tk, mu
ij bLyke is'k fd;k tk,A vxj og etgcs bLyke d+cwy dj ysa rks
Bhd ojuk tks enZ gS mudks d+Ry dj fn;k tk, vkSj vkSjrksa dks d+Sn[kkus
esa Mky fn;k tk, ;gka rd fd bLyke d+cwy dj ys ;k fQj d+Sn esa ej
tk,A
vygEnks fyYykgs jfCcy vkyehu o lykrks vyk jlwfygh o olhf;gh
o vkysgqek
reke'kqn
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