Agotamiento IPv4 y estrategias a futuro

Alejandro Acostaalejandro @ lacnic.net

Proposed Solutions

Network Address Translation (NAT), NAT Variations (CGN, LSN, NAT444, etc.)

IPv6.Different types of transition mechanisms:Dualstack, 6rd, NAT64/464xlat, DS-lite, etc.

Network Address Translation (NAT)

It allow several devices to share the same public IP.

Its not a sustainable solution.

NAT Variations

Carrier Grade NAT (CGN)

Large Scale NAT (LSN)

NAT 444

Internet Architecturewith NATs

- More complex Client-server model- Highfault rate- P2P -> almost impossible

CGN

Problems of NAT When sharing the same Ipv4 address, the communication

model peer to peer is altered.

ACLs (Access ControlLists) to avoid certain attacks have important colateral effects

When traffic from a bad customer is blocked, traffic from multiple good customers is also blocked

In order to identify who accessed a service, not only the IP address should be saved but also the port

Problems ofNAT NAT boxes have limitations related to the number of

sessions

Customers from different countries browse the Internet through the same IP address

Country specific web pages (Google, Twitter) will think we are in a different country

Twitter has country specific policy

Geolocationapps will show a wrong location

Problems ofNAT

Port forwarding will become more difficult

Users are behind a NAT they dont control

Issues with games (consoles and network games rely on incoming connections).

Cost: about 40 USD per user approximatelysource:https://www.nanog.org/meetings/nanog56/presentations/Wednesday/wed.general.howard.24.pdf

Conclusion

NAT is a temporary solution

IPv6 is a long term solution!!