1a unidad 1: ¡bienvenidos a la clase de español! · required vocabulary montgomery county public...

REQUIRED VOCABULARY Montgomery County Public Schools…Spanish 1…2012

From Realidades Level 1 Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Used by permission.

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1A Unidad 1: ¡Bienvenidos a la clase de español!

Vocabulario

To greet someone Buenos días. ..................................................... Good morning. Buenas noches. ................................................ Good evening. Buenas tardes. ................................................. Good afternoon. ¡Hola! ................................................................ Hello! ¿Cómo te llamas? ........................................... What is your name? Me llamo . . . .................................................... My name is . . . Encantado, -a. ................................................. Delighted. Igualmente. ...................................................... Likewise. Mucho gusto. ................................................... Pleased to meet you. señor, Sr. ........................................................... sir, Mr. señora, Sra. ...................................................... madam, Mrs. señorita, Srta. ................................................... miss, Miss To ask and tell how someone is ¿Cómo está Ud.? (formal) ................................ How are you? ¿Cómo estás? (familiar) .................................... How are you? ¿Qué tal? .......................................................... How are you? ¿Qué pasa? ..................................................... What’s happening? ¿Y tú? / ¿Y usted (Ud.)? ................................... And you? (muy) bien ........................................................ (very) well nada ................................................................. nothing regular .............................................................. okay, so so gracias ............................................................. thank you To say good-bye ¡Adiós! ............................................................... Good-bye! Hasta luego. ..................................................... See you later. Hasta mañana. ................................................ See you tomorrow. ¡Nos vemos! ...................................................... See you!



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To give common classroom commands For recognition through listening only ¡Silencio, por favor! ............................................. Silence, please. Abran/Cierren el libro. ....................................... Open/close the book. Repitan. ................................................................ Repeat. Levántense/Siéntense. ....................................... Stand up/ Sit down. Saquen una hoja de papel. ............................ Take out a sheet of paper. Escriban. ............................................................... Write. Entreguen sus hojas de papel. ......................... Turn in your papers. To count up to 100 Written forms of numbers are required for 0-10 only. uno………….... dos………….... tres……………. cuatro…………cinco…………. seis……………. siete…………...ocho………….. nueve………… diez……………

one two three four five six seven eight nine ten

once............... doce............... trece............... catorce........... quince............ dieciséis...........diecisiete.........dieciocho…….diecinueve….. veinte………….veintiuno……

eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one

treinta y uno… cuarenta…….. cincuenta…….sesenta………. setenta………..ochenta………noventa………cien……………

thirty-one forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred

To tell time ¿Qué hora es? ................................................. What time is it? Es la una. .......................................................... It’s one o’clock. Son las . . . y / menos . . . ................................ It’s . . . (time). y cuarto / menos cuarto ................................. quarter past /quarter to y media ............................................................ thirty, half-past de la mañana / tarde / noche ...................... in the morning / afternoon / evening To talk about the classroom el bolígrafo ....................................................... pen la carpeta ........................................................ folder el cuaderno ..................................................... notebook el estudiante, la estudiante ............................. student la hoja de papel .............................................. sheet of paper el lápiz .............................................................. pencil el libro ............................................................... book el profesor, la profesora .................................. teacher el pupitre .......................................................... (student) desk la sala de clases .............................................. classroom



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To say the date el año ............................................................... year el día ................................................................. day el mes ............................................................... month la semana ........................................................ week ¿Qué día es hoy? ............................................ What day is today? ¿Cuál es la fecha? .......................................... What is the date? Es el (number) de (month). .............................. It’s the . . . of . . . Es el primero de (month). ................................. It’s the first of . . . hoy .................................................................... today mañana ............................................................ tomorrow mi cumpleaños ................................................ my birthday To say the days of the week lunes...................................................................... Monday martes ................................................................... Tuesday miércoles ............................................................. Wednesday jueves ................................................................... Thursday viernes .................................................................. Friday sábado ................................................................. Saturday domingo .............................................................. Sunday To say the months of the year enero ................................................................. January febrero ............................................................... February marzo ................................................................ March abril .................................................................... April mayo ................................................................. May junio ................................................................... June julio .................................................................... July agosto ............................................................... August septiembre ........................................................... September octubre ................................................................. October noviembre ........................................................... November diciembre ............................................................ December Other useful words ¿cuántos, -as? ................................................. how many? en ...................................................................... in hay .................................................................... here is / there are por favor ........................................................... please



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To ask and say how words are spelled Speaking only ¿Cómo se dice . . . ? ....................................... How do you say . . . ? Se dice . . . ........................................................ You say . . . ¿Cómo se escribe . . . ? .................................. How is . . . spelled? Se escribe . . . ................................................... It’s spelled . . . ¿Qué quiere decir . . . ? .................................. What does . . . mean? Quiere decir . . . ............................................... It means . . .

To talk about the weather ¿Qué tiempo hace? ........................................ What’s the weather like? Hace calor. ...................................................... It’s hot. Hace frío. .......................................................... It’s cold. Hace fresco. ..................................................... It’s cool. Hace sol. .......................................................... It’s sunny. Hace viento. .................................................... It’s windy. Llueve. .............................................................. It’s raining. Nieva. ............................................................... It’s snowing.

To talk about the seasons la estación ....................................................... season el invierno ......................................................... winter el otoño ............................................................ fall, autumn la primavera .................................................... spring el verano .......................................................... summer



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1A - Unidad 2: Nos conocemos

Vocabulario To talk about activities bailar ................................................................ to dance cantar ............................................................... to sing correr ................................................................ to run dibujar .............................................................. to draw escribir cuentos ............................................... to write stories escuchar música ............................................. to listen to music esquiar .............................................................. to ski hablar por teléfono ......................................... to talk on the phone ir a la escuela .................................................. to go to school jugar videojuegos ........................................... to play video games leer revistas ...................................................... to read magazines montar en bicicleta ......................................... to ride a bicycle montar en monopatín ..................................... to skateboard nadar ................................................................ to swim pasar tiempo con amigos ............................... to spend time with friends patinar .............................................................. to skate practicar deportes .......................................... to play sports tocar la guitarra ............................................... to play the guitar trabajar .............................................................. to work usar la computadora ...................................... to use the computer ver la tele ......................................................... to watch television To say what you like to do (A mí) me gusta ___. ........................................ I like to ___. (A mí) me gusta más ___. ................................ I like to ___ better. (I prefer to __.) (A mí) me gusta mucho ___. ........................... I like to ___ a lot. A mí también. .................................................. I do too. To say what you don’t like to do (A mí) no me gusta ___. .................................. I don’t like to ___. (A mí) no me gusta nada ___. ........................ I don’t like to___ at all. A mí tampoco. ................................................. I don’t (like to) either. To ask others what they like to do ¿Qué te gusta hacer? ..................................... What do you like to do? ¿Qué te gusta más? ......................................... What do you like better (prefer)? ¿Te gusta ___? .................................................. Do you like to ___? ¿Y a ti? .............................................................. And you?



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Other useful words and expressions ni . . . ni ............................................................. neither . . . nor, not . . . or o ........................................................................ or pues . . . ............................................................ well . . . sí ........................................................................ yes también ............................................................ also, too y ........................................................................ and

To talk about what you and others are like artístico, -a ....................................................... artistic atrevido, -a ...................................................... daring bueno, -a .......................................................... good deportista ......................................................... sports-minded desordenado, -a ............................................. messy estudioso, -a .................................................... studious gracioso, -a ..................................................... funny impaciente ....................................................... impatient inteligente ........................................................ intelligent ordenado, -a ................................................... neat paciente ........................................................... patient perezoso, -a ..................................................... lazy reservado, -a ................................................... reserved, shy serio, -a ............................................................ serious simpático, -a .................................................... nice, friendly sociable ............................................................ sociable talentoso, -a ..................................................... talented trabajador, -ora ............................................... hardworking To ask people about themselves or others ¿Cómo eres? ................................................... What are you like? ¿Cómo es? ....................................................... What is he/she like? ¿Cómo se llama? ............................................ What’s his/her name? ¿Eres? ................................................................ Are you…? To talk about what someone likes or doesn’t like le gusta . . . ....................................................... he / she likes . . . no le gusta . . . ................................................. he / she doesn’t like . . . To describe someone soy .................................................................... I am no soy ............................................................... I am not es ...................................................................... he / she is



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To tell whom you are talking about el amigo ........................................................... friend (male) la amiga ........................................................... friend (female) el chico ............................................................ boy la chica ............................................................ girl él ....................................................................... he ella .................................................................... she yo ...................................................................... I Other useful words a veces ............................................................. sometimes muy ................................................................... very pero .................................................................. but según mi familia ............................................... according to my family



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1A - Unidad 3: La escuela

Vocabulario To talk about your school day el almuerzo ...................................................... lunch la clase ............................................................. class la clase de ____ .................................................. ____ class arte .................................................................... art español ............................................................. Spanish ciencias naturales ........................................... science ciencias sociales ............................................. social studies educación física .............................................. physical education inglés ................................................................ English matemáticas .................................................... mathematics tecnología ........................................................ technology/computers el horario .......................................................... schedule en la ____ hora ................................................. in the ____ hour(class period) la tarea ............................................................. homework To describe school activities enseñar ............................................................ to teach estudiar ............................................................. to study hablar ............................................................... to talk To talk about the order of things primero, -a ....................................................... first segundo, -a ..................................................... second tercero, -a ........................................................ third cuarto, -a ......................................................... fourth quinto, -a .......................................................... fifth sexto, -a ........................................................... sixth séptimo, -a ....................................................... seventh octavo, -a ........................................................ eighth noveno, -a ....................................................... ninth décimo, -a ....................................................... tenth To talk about things you need for school la calculadora ................................................. calculator la carpeta de argollas .................................... three-ring binder el diccionario ................................................... dictionary necesito ............................................................ I need necesitas .......................................................... you need



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To describe your classes aburrido, -a ...................................................... boring difícil ................................................................. difficult divertido, -a ..................................................... amusing, fun fácil ................................................................... easy favorito, -a ........................................................ favorite interesante ....................................................... interesting

más . . . que ..................................................... more . . . than práctico, -a ...................................................... practical Other useful words a ver . . . ............................................................ Let’s see mucho .............................................................. a lot para .................................................................. for ¿Quién? ............................................................ Who? (yo) tengo / (tú) tienes .................................... I have / you have antes de / después de ..................................... before / after To talk about classroom items la bandera ....................................................... flag el cartel ............................................................ poster la computadora .............................................. computer la mochila ........................................................ bookbag, backpack la pantalla ........................................................ (computer) screen la papelera ...................................................... wastepaper basket el ratón ............................................................. (computer) mouse el reloj ............................................................... clock el sacapuntas .................................................. pencil sharpener el teclado ......................................................... (computer) keyboard To talk about classroom furniture el escritorio ....................................................... desk la mesa ............................................................. table la silla ................................................................ chair To talk about parts of a room la puerta ........................................................... door la ventana ........................................................ window



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To indicate location al lado de la / del ........................................... next to, beside allí ..................................................................... there aquí ................................................................... here debajo de la / del ........................................... underneath delante de la / del .......................................... in front of detrás de la / del ............................................. behind ¿Dónde? ........................................................... Where? en ...................................................................... in, on encima de la / del .......................................... on top of To indicate possession de ...................................................................... of mi ...................................................................... my tu ....................................................................... your To identify (description, quantity) Es un(a) . . . ....................................................... It’s a . . . Hay .................................................................... There is, There are ¿Qué es esto? .................................................. What is this?



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1A - Unidad 4: La comida

Vocabulario To talk about breakfast (en) el desayuno .............................................. (for) breakfast el cereal ........................................................... cereal los huevos ........................................................ eggs el pan ............................................................... bread el pan tostado ..................................................... toast el plátano ......................................................... banana la salchicha ..................................................... sausage el tocino ........................................................... bacon el yogur ............................................................ yogurt To talk about lunch (en) el almuerzo .............................................. (for) lunch la ensalada ...................................................... salad la ensalada de frutas ......................................... fruit salad las fresas ........................................................... strawberries la galleta .......................................................... cookie la hamburguesa .............................................. hamburger el jamón ........................................................... ham la manzana ...................................................... apple la naranja ......................................................... orange las papas fritas ................................................. French fries el perrito caliente ............................................ hot dog la pizza ............................................................. pizza el queso ............................................................ cheese el sándwich (de jamón y queso) .................... (ham and cheese) sandwich la sopa (de verduras) ..................................... (vegetable) soup To talk about beverages el agua f. ............................................................ water el café .............................................................. coffee el jugo de manzana ........................................ apple juice el jugo de naranja ........................................... orange juice la leche ............................................................ milk la limonada ...................................................... lemonade el refresco ........................................................ soft drink el té ...................................................................... ea el té helado ...................................................... iced tea



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To talk about eating and drinking beber ................................................................ to drink comer ............................................................... to eat la comida ......................................................... food, meal compartir .......................................................... to share

To indicate how often nunca ............................................................... never siempre ............................................................. always todos los días .................................................... every day cada día ........................................................... every day To say that you like / love something Me / te encanta(n) . ........................................ I / you love ( ). Me / te gusta(n) . ............................................. I / you like ( ). Other useful words comprender ..................................................... to understand con .................................................................... with ¿Cuál? .............................................................. Which? What? más o menos ................................................... more or less por supuesto .................................................... of course ¡Qué asco! ........................................................ How awful! sin ...................................................................... without ¿Verdad? ......................................................... Right? To talk about food and beverages (en) la cena ..................................................... (for) dinner el bistec ............................................................ steak la carne ............................................................ meat el pescado ....................................................... fish el pollo .............................................................. chicken la cebolla ......................................................... onion los guisantes .................................................... peas las judías verdes .............................................. green beans la lechuga ........................................................ lettuce las papas .......................................................... potatoes los tomates ....................................................... tomatoes las uvas ............................................................. grapes las zanahorias .................................................. carrots el arroz .............................................................. rice los cereales ...................................................... grains los espaguetis .................................................. spaghetti las grasas ......................................................... fats la mantequilla .................................................. butter



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el helado .......................................................... ice cream los pasteles ...................................................... pastries las bebidas ....................................................... beverages To talk about being hungry and thirsty Tengo hambre. ................................................ I’m hungry. Tengo sed. ........................................................ I’m thirsty. To discuss health caminar ............................................................ to walk hacer ejercicio ................................................ to exercise (yo) hago ......................................................... I do (tú) haces ......................................................... you do levantar pesas ................................................. to lift weights para la salud .................................................... for one’s health para mantener la salud ................................... to maintain one’s health To indicate a preference (yo) prefiero ..................................................... I prefer (tú) prefieres ..................................................... you prefer deber ................................................................ should, must To indicate agreement or disagreement creer ................................................................. to think Creo que . . . .................................................... I think . . . Creo que sí / no. .............................................. I (don’t) think so. (No) estoy de acuerdo. ................................... I (don’t) agree. To ask a question or give an answer ¿Por qué? ......................................................... Why? porque .............................................................. because To express quantity algo ................................................................... something muchos, -as ..................................................... many todos, -as ......................................................... all To describe something horrible ............................................................. horrible malo, -a ............................................................ bad sabroso, -a ....................................................... tasty, flavorful

REQUIRED VOCABULARY

Montgomery County Public Schools…Spanish 1…2012 From Realidades Level 1 Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Used by permission.

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1B - Unidad 5: Los pasatiempos

Vocabulario To talk about some activities ir ........................................................................ to go ir de compras ................................................... to go shopping ver una película .............................................. to see a movie la lección de piano ......................................... piano lesson (class) Me quedo en casa. .......................................... I stay at home. To talk about places la biblioteca ..................................................... library el café .............................................................. café, coffee shop el campo .......................................................... countryside la casa .............................................................. home, house en casa ............................................................ at home el centro comercial ........................................ mall el cine ............................................................... movie theater el gimnasio ....................................................... gym la iglesia ........................................................... church la mezquita ....................................................... mosque las montañas ................................................... mountains el parque .......................................................... park la piscina ........................................................... pool la playa ............................................................ beach el restaurante .................................................... restaurant la sinagoga ....................................................... synagogue el templo ........................................................... temple el trabajo .......................................................... work, job To tell where you go a ........................................................................ to (prep.) a la, al ............................................................... (a + el) to the ¿Adónde? ........................................................ (To) Where? a casa .............................................................. (to) home To tell with whom you go ¿Con quién? .................................................... With whom? con mis / tus amigos ....................................... with my / your friends solo, -a .............................................................. alone

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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To talk about when things are done ¿Cuándo? ........................................................ When? después ............................................................ afterwards después (de) .................................................... after los fines de semana ........................................ on weekends los lunes, los martes ......................................... on Mondays, on Tuesdays tiempo libre ...................................................... free time To talk about where someone is from ¿De dónde eres? ............................................. Where are you from? de ...................................................................... from, of Other useful words and expressions generalmente .................................................. generally ¡No me digas! .................................................. You don’t say! para + infinitivo ................................................. in order to + infinitive To talk about leisure activities el baile .............................................................. dance el concierto ...................................................... concert la fiesta ............................................................. party ir + a + infinitivo ................................................ to be going to + verb ir de cámping .................................................. to go camping ir de pesca ....................................................... to go fishing jugar (a) ........................................................... to play (games, sports)

al básquetbol ............................................... to play basketball al béisbol ...................................................... to play baseball al fútbol ......................................................... to play soccer al fútbol americano ...................................... to play football al golf ............................................................ to play golf al tenis ........................................................... to play tennis al vóleibol ..................................................... to play volleyball

el partido .......................................................... game, match (yo) sé .............................................................. I know (how) (tú) sabes ......................................................... you know (how) To describe how someone feels cansado, -a ..................................................... tired contento, -a ..................................................... happy enfermo, -a ...................................................... sick mal .................................................................... bad, badly ocupado, -a ..................................................... busy triste ................................................................... sad

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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To tell what time something happens ¿A qué hora? ................................................... (At) what time? a la una ............................................................ at one (o’clock) a las ocho ........................................................ at eight (o’clock) de la mañana .................................................. in the morning de la noche ..................................................... in the evening, at night de la tarde ........................................................ in the afternoon esta noche ....................................................... this evening esta tarde ......................................................... this afternoon este fin de semana .......................................... this weekend To extend, accept, or decline invitations conmigo ........................................................... with me contigo ............................................................. with you (yo) puedo ....................................................... I can (tú) puedes ....................................................... you can ¡Ay! ¡Qué pena! ............................................... Oh! What a shame! ¡Genial! ............................................................. Great! lo siento ............................................................ I’m sorry ¡Oye! ................................................................. Hey! ¡Qué buena idea! ............................................ What a good / nice idea! (yo) quiero ....................................................... I want (tú) quieres ....................................................... you want ¿Te gustaría? .................................................... Would you like? Me gustaría ....................................................... I would like Tengo que + infinitivo ....................................... I have to + infinitive More useful words and expressions demasiado ....................................................... too entonces .......................................................... then un poco (de) .................................................... a little

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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1B - Unidad 6: Fiesta en familia

Vocabulario To talk about family members los abuelos ........................................................ grandparents el abuelo .......................................................... grandfather la abuela .......................................................... grandmother el esposo, la esposa ....................................... husband, wife los hermanos ................................................... brothers; brother(s)and sister(s) el hermano ....................................................... brother la hermana ...................................................... sister el hermanastro ................................................. stepbrother la hermanastra ................................................ stepsister los hijos ............................................................. children; sons el hijo ................................................................ son la hija ................................................................ daughter los padres (papás) .......................................... parents el padre (papá) ............................................... father la madre (mamá) ............................................ mother el padrastro ...................................................... stepfather la madrastra ..................................................... stepmother los nietos ........................................................... grandchildren los primos ......................................................... cousins el primo ............................................................ (male) cousin la prima ............................................................ (female) cousin los sobrinos ....................................................... nephew(s) and niece(s) los tíos ............................................................... uncles; aunt(s) and uncle(s) el tío .................................................................. uncle la tía .................................................................. aunt To discuss and compare ages ¿Cuántos años tiene(n)? ................................. How old is / are? Tiene(n) años. .................................................. He / She is / They are (years old). mayor pl. mayores .......................................... older menor pl. menores .......................................... younger To name animals el gato .............................................................. cat el perro ............................................................. dog

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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To discuss what someone likes (a + person) le gusta(n) / ................................ he / she likes / (a + person) le encanta(n) ............................. loves To describe activities at parties abrir ................................................................... to open celebrar ............................................................ to celebrate decorar ............................................................. to decorate las decoraciones ............................................. decorations hacer un video ................................................ to videotape

el video ................................................ video preparar ........................................................... to prepare romper .............................................................. to break sacar fotos ........................................................ to take photos

la foto ................................................... photo la cámara ........................................................ camera tener ................................................................. to have venir .................................................................. to come To discuss celebrations el cumpleaños ................................................. birthday ¡Feliz cumpleaños! ........................................... Happy birthday! los dulces ......................................................... candy la flor pl. las flores ............................................ flower el globo ............................................................ balloon la luz pl. las luces ............................................. light el papel picado ............................................... cut-paper decorations el pastel ............................................................ cake la piñata ........................................................... piñata el regalo ........................................................... gift, present Other useful words que .................................................................... who, that sólo ................................................................... only To talk about people la persona ........................................................ person el hombre ......................................................... man la mujer ............................................................ woman el joven ............................................................. young man la joven ............................................................. young woman

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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To describe people and things alto, -a .............................................................. tall bajo, -a ............................................................. short (stature) corto, -a s ............................................................. short (length) guapo, -a ......................................................... good-looking joven ................................................................. young largo, -a ............................................................ long viejo, -a ............................................................ old el pelo .............................................................. hair canoso ............................................................. gray castaño ............................................................ brown (chestnut) negro ................................................................ black rubio .................................................................. blond pelirrojo, -a ...................................................... red-haired To describe how someone is feeling tener calor ........................................................ to be warm

frío ........................................................ to be cold sueño ................................................... to be sleepy

To talk about food delicioso, -a ..................................................... delicious rico, -a .............................................................. rich, tasty desear .............................................................. to want pedir (e→ i) ...................................................... to order el plato principal ............................................. main dish de plato principal ............................................ as a main dish el postre ............................................................ dessert de postre .......................................................... for dessert To describe table settings el azúcar .......................................................... sugar la cuchara ........................................................ spoon el cuchillo ......................................................... knife la pimienta ....................................................... pepper el plato ............................................................. plate, dish la sal ................................................................. salt la servilleta ....................................................... napkin la taza ............................................................... cup el tenedor ......................................................... fork el vaso .............................................................. glass

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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To talk about eating out el camarero, la camarera ............................... waiter, waitress la cuenta .......................................................... bill el menú ............................................................ menu To express needs Me falta(n) . . . .................................................. I need . . . Quisiera ............................................................ I would like traer .................................................................. to bring Le traigo . . . ...................................................... I will bring you . . . ¿Me trae . . . ? .................................................. Will you bring me . . . ? yo traigo ........................................................... I bring More useful words ahora ................................................................ now ¿Algo más? ...................................................... Anything else? De nada. .......................................................... You’re welcome. otro, -a .............................................................. other, another ¡Qué + adjetivo! ................................................ How + adjective!

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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1B - Unidad 7: La casa

Vocabulario To talk about things in a bedroom la alfombra ....................................................... rug el armario ......................................................... closet la cama ............................................................ bed la cómoda ....................................................... dresser las cortinas ....................................................... curtains el cuadro .......................................................... painting el despertador ................................................. alarm clock el dormitorio ..................................................... bedroom el espejo ........................................................... mirror el estante .......................................................... shelf, bookshelf la lámpara ....................................................... lamp la mesita ........................................................... night table la pared ............................................................ wall To talk about electronic equipment el disco compacto .......................................... compact disc el equipo de sonido ........................................ sound (stereo) system el lector DVD .................................................... DVD player el televisor ........................................................ television set el video ............................................................ videocassette la videocasetera ............................................. VCR To talk about colors ¿De qué color . . . ? ......................................... What color . . . ? los colores ........................................................ colors amarillo, -a ....................................................... yellow anaranjado, -a ................................................ orange azul ................................................................... blue blanco, -a ........................................................ white gris .................................................................... gray marrón .............................................................. brown morado, -a ....................................................... purple negro, -a .......................................................... black rojo, -a .............................................................. red rosado, -a ......................................................... pink verde ................................................................ green

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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To describe something bonito, -a .......................................................... pretty feo, -a ............................................................... ugly grande .............................................................. large importante ........................................................ important mismo, -a ......................................................... same pequeño, -a ..................................................... small propio, -a ......................................................... own To indicate location a la derecha (de) ............................................ to the right (of) a la izquierda (de) ........................................... to the left (of) To compare and contrast mejor(es) que .................................................. better than el / la mejor; los / las mejores ......................... the best menos . . . que ................................................. less, fewer . . . than peor(es) que .................................................... worse than el / la peor; los / las peores ............................ the worst Other useful words la cosa .............................................................. thing para mí ............................................................. in my opinion, for me para ti ............................................................... in your opinion, for you la posesión ....................................................... possession dormir (o-ue) .................................................... to sleep poder (o-ue) ..................................................... to be able, can To talk about where someone lives cerca (de) ........................................................ close (to), near lejos (de) .......................................................... far (from) vivir .................................................................... to live To talk about houses or apartments el apartamento ................................................ apartment el baño ............................................................. bathroom la cocina .......................................................... kitchen el comedor ...................................................... dining room el cuarto ........................................................... room el despacho ..................................................... home office la escalera ....................................................... stairs, stairway el garaje ........................................................... garage el piso ............................................................... story, floor la planta baja .................................................. ground floor

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


23

el primer piso ................................................... second floor la sala ............................................................... living room el segundo piso ............................................... third floor el sótano ........................................................... basement To name household chores los quehaceres ................................................ chores arreglar el cuarto ............................................ to straighten up the room ayudar .............................................................. to help cocinar ............................................................. to cook cortar el césped .............................................. to cut the lawn dar (yo doy, tú das) ........................................ to give

de comer al perro .............................. to feed the dog hacer la cama ................................................. to make the bed lavar (el coche, los platos, la ropa) ............... to wash (the car, the dishes, the clothes) limpiar el baño ................................................ to clean the bathroom pasar la aspiradora ......................................... to vacuum poner (yo pongo, tú pones) ........................... to put, place

la mesa ................................................. to set the table quitar el polvo .................................................. to dust sacar la basura ................................................ to take out the trash To describe household items limpio, -a .......................................................... clean sucio, -a ........................................................... dirty More useful words bastante ........................................................... enough; rather ¿Cuáles? .......................................................... which (ones) el dinero ........................................................... money un momento .................................................... a moment ¿Qué estás haciendo? .................................... What are you doing? recibir ............................................................... to receive si ........................................................................ if, whether

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


24

1B - Unidad 8: La ropa y las tiendas

Vocabulario To talk about shopping buscar ............................................................... to look for comprar ............................................................ to buy entrar ................................................................ to enter pensar (e→ie) .................................................. to think, to plan preferir (e→ie) .................................................. to prefer querer (e→ie) .................................................. to want el dependiente, la dependienta ................... salesperson la tienda ........................................................... store la tienda de ropa ............................................ clothing store ¿En qué puedo servirle? .................................. How can I help you? To talk about clothing el abrigo ........................................................... coat la blusa ............................................................. blouse las botas ........................................................... boots los calcetines ................................................... socks la camisa ......................................................... shirt la camiseta ...................................................... T-shirt la chaqueta ..................................................... jacket la falda ............................................................. skirt la gorra ............................................................. cap los jeans ........................................................... jeans los pantalones ................................................. pants los pantalones cortos ...................................... shorts la sudadera ...................................................... sweatshirt el suéter ............................................................ sweater el traje .............................................................. suit el traje de baño ............................................... swimsuit el vestido .......................................................... dress los zapatos ....................................................... shoes llevar ................................................................. to wear nuevo, -a .......................................................... new ¿Cómo me / te queda(n)? .............................. How does it (do they) fit (me / you)? Me / te queda(n) bien / mal. ......................... It fits (They fit) me / you well / poorly.

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


25

Other useful words and expressions quizás ............................................................... maybe Perdón. ............................................................. Excuse me. ¡Vamos! ............................................................ Let’s go! ¡Uf! ..................................................................... Ugh! Yuck! tener razón ....................................................... to be correct los / las dos ...................................................... both To talk about prices ¿Cuánto cuesta(n) . . . ? ................................. How much does (do) . . . cost? costar (o→ue) .................................................. to cost el precio ........................................................... price tanto ................................................................. so much doscientos, -as ................................................ two hundred trescientos, -as ................................................. three hundred cuatrocientos, -as ........................................... four hundred quinientos, -as ................................................. five hundred seiscientos, -as ................................................ six hundred setecientos, -as ............................................... seven hundred ochocientos, -as .............................................. eight hundred novecientos, -as .............................................. nine hundred mil ..................................................................... a thousand Written forms of numbers are required for 0-10 only. To talk about places where you shop el almacén (pl. los almacenes) ..................... department store en la Red .......................................................... online la joyería .......................................................... jewelry store la librería .......................................................... bookstore la tienda de descuentos ................................. discount store

de electrodomésticos ......................... household appliance store la zapatería ...................................................... shoe store To talk about gifts you might buy el anillo ............................................................. ring los anteojos de sol ........................................... sunglasses los aretes .......................................................... earrings el bolso ............................................................. purse la cadena ........................................................ chain la cartera .......................................................... wallet el collar ............................................................ necklace la corbata ........................................................ tie los guantes ....................................................... gloves el llavero ........................................................... key chain

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


26

el perfume ........................................................ perfume la pulsera .......................................................... bracelet el reloj pulsera ................................................. watch el software ........................................................ software To talk about who might receive a gift el novio ............................................................. boyfriend la novia ............................................................. girlfriend To talk about buying or selling barato, -a ......................................................... inexpensive, cheap caro, -a ............................................................ expensive mirar .................................................................. to look (at) pagar…(por) .................................................... to pay…(for) vender .............................................................. to sell

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


27

2A-Unidad 1: ¿Quién soy yo?

Vocabulario To talk about someone’s nationality argentino, -a ..................................................... de Argentina boliviano, -a ..................................................... de Bolivia chileno, -a ........................................................ de Chile colombiano, -a ................................................ de Colombia costarricense .................................................... de Costa Rica cubano, -a ....................................................... de Cuba ecuatoriano, -a ................................................ de Ecuador salvadoreño, -a ................................................ de El Salvador español, española ........................................... de España guatemalteco, -a ............................................ de Guatemala hondureño, -a .................................................. de Honduras mexicano, -a .................................................... de México nicaragüense .................................................... de Nicaragua panameño, -a .................................................. de Panamá paraguayo, -a ................................................. de Paraguay peruano, -a ....................................................... de Perú puertorriqueño, -a ........................................... de Puerto Rico dominicano, -a ................................................ de la República Dominicana uruguayo, -a ..................................................... de Uruguay venezolano, -a ................................................. de Venezuela estadounidense ................................................ de los Estados Unidos norteamericano, -a .......................................... de Norteamérica ¿Recuerdas? To talk about what you and others are like alto, -a .............................................................. tall atrevido, -a ....................................................... daring bajo, -a .............................................................. short deportista ......................................................... sports-minded desordenado, -a .............................................. messy estudioso, -a .................................................... studious gracioso, -a ...................................................... funny guapo, -a .......................................................... good-looking impaciente ....................................................... impatient inteligente ......................................................... intelligent joven .................................................................. young ordenado, -a .................................................... neat paciente ........................................................... patient perezoso, -a ..................................................... lazy

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


28

reservado, -a ................................................... reserved, shy serio, -a ............................................................. serious simpático, -a .................................................... nice, friendly sociable ............................................................ sociable talentoso, -a ..................................................... talented trabajador, -ora ............................................... hardworking viejo ................................................................... old ¿Recuerdas? To talk about activities bailar ................................................................. to dance caminar ............................................................ to walk cantar ............................................................... to sing comer ............................................................... to eat correr ................................................................ to run dibujar ............................................................... to draw escribir cuentos ................................................ to write stories escuchar música ............................................. to listen to music esquiar .............................................................. to ski leer revistas ...................................................... to read magazines montar en bicicleta ......................................... to ride a bicycle montar en monopatín ..................................... to skateboard nadar ................................................................ to swim pasar tiempo con amigos ............................... to spend time with friends patinar .............................................................. to skate practicar deportes ........................................... to play sports tocar la guitarra ............................................... to play the guitar tomar el sol ........................................................ to sunbathe usar la computadora ...................................... to use the computer vivir .................................................................... to live ¿Recuerdas? To ask questions ¿Adónde? ......................................................... Where…to? ¿Cómo? ............................................................. How? ¿Cuál(es)? ........................................................ Which? ¿Cuándo? ......................................................... When? ¿Cuánto, -a? .................................................... How much, how many? ¿Cuántos, -as? .................................................. How much, how many? ¿De dónde? ...................................................... Where…from? ¿Dónde? ........................................................... Where? ¿Por qué? .......................................................... Why? ¿Qué? ................................................................ What? ¿Quién(es)? ...................................................... Who? ¿Recuerdas? To tell how often you do an activity

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


29

a menudo ......................................................... often a veces ............................................................. sometimes después de ....................................................... after antes de ............................................................ before los fines de semana ......................................... on weekends nunca ................................................................ never siempre ............................................................. always todos los días ................................................... every day

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


30

2ª - Unidad 2: La vida escolar

Vocabulario To talk about some classes el álgebra (f.) ....................................................... algebra la biología ........................................................... biology la física ................................................................. physics la geografía ........................................................ geography la geometría ....................................................... geometry la historia ............................................................. history la informática ..................................................... computer science la literatura . . . .................................................... literature la química ........................................................... chemistry To talk about what you do in class aprender de memoria ...................................... to memorize contestar ............................................................. to answer dar un discurso ................................................... to give a speech discutir ................................................................. to discuss entender .............................................................. to understand explicar ............................................................... to explain hacer una pregunta .......................................... to ask a question una presentación ................................... to make a presentation un experimento ....................................... to do an experiment hay que + infinitivo ........................................... one must se prohíbe + infinitivo ........................................ it is forbidden una presentación ............................................... to make a presentation el informe/ el ensayo ........................................ report/essay el laboratorio ...................................................... laboratory la palabra ........................................................... word pedir ayuda ........................................................ to ask for help el proyecto ......................................................... project sacar una buena nota ...................................... to get a good grade tomar apuntes .................................................... to take notes un examen/una prueba ..................... to take a test To talk about classroom rules a tiempo .............................................................. on time entregar ............................................................... to turn in llegar tarde ......................................................... to arrive late

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


31

prestar atención ................................................. to pay attention la regla ................................................................ rule respetar ............................................................... to respect se prohíbe . . . ..................................................... it’s forbidden . . . hay que . . . ......................................................... it’s mandatory . . . To name school objects el armario ............................................................ locker el asiento ............................................................. seat el carnet de identidad ...................................... I.D. card la cinta adhesiva ............................................... transparent tape la grapadora ...................................................... stapler los materiales ..................................................... supplies, materials las tijeras .............................................................. scissors Negative and affirmative words alguien ................................................................. someone, anyone algún, alguna, algunos, -as ............................. some, any nadie .................................................................... no one, nobody ningún, ninguno, -a ........................................... no, none, not any Other useful words aprobar ................................................................ to succeed, to do well fracasar ............................................................... to fail conocer ............................................................... to know, to be acquainted with saber .................................................................... to know, to know how salgo bien/mal ................................................... I do well/poorly sales bien/mal .................................................... you do well/poorly almorzar (o ➞ ue) ............................................ to have lunch empezar (e ➞ ie) ............................................. to start, to begin entender (e ➞ ie) ............................................ to understand repetir (e ➞ i) ................................................... to repeat lo que ................................................................... what sobre .................................................................... on, about To talk about extracurricular activities las actividades extracurriculares .................... extracurricular activities el ajedrez ............................................................ chess el club, pl. los clubes ......................................... club el club atlético ................................................... athletic club el equipo ............................................................. team la fotografía ........................................................ photography el fotógrafo, la fotógrafa ................................... photographer

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


32

los jóvenes .......................................................... young people el miembro .......................................................... member el pasatiempo .................................................... pastime la práctica ........................................................... practice la reunión, pl. las reuniones ............................. meeting To talk about athletic activities el animador, la animadora .............................. cheerleader las artes marciales ............................................. martial arts el hockey ............................................................ hockey la natación .......................................................... swimming hacer gimnasia .................................................. to do gymnastics jugar a los bolos ................................................. to bowl To talk about music and drama la banda .............................................................. band el bailarín, la bailarina ...................................... dancer la canción, pl. las canciones ........................... song el (la) cantante .................................................. singer el coro .................................................................. chorus, choir el ensayo (ensayar) ........................................... rehearsal/to rehearse el músico, la música ......................................... musician la orquesta .......................................................... orchestra la voz, pl. las voces ........................................... voice To talk about actions with activities asistir a ................................................................. to attend ganar ................................................................... to win, to earn grabar .................................................................. to record participar (en) .................................................... to participate (in) tomar lecciones ................................................. to take lessons volver (o ➝ ue) ................................................... to return To talk about and describe Internet activities crear una página Web ...................................... to create a Web page estar en línea ...................................................... to be online hacer una búsqueda ........................................ to do a search navegar en la Red ............................................. to surf the Web visitar salones de chat ...................................... to visit chat rooms Other useful words entre ..................................................................... among, between el interés .............................................................. interest la oportunidad, pl. las oportunidades ............ opportunity

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


33

To tell how long something has been going on ¿Cuánto tiempo hace que . . . ? ..................... How long . . . ? Hace + time + que . . . ....................................... It has been . . . To make comparisons tan + adj. + como .............................................. as + adj. + as tantos(as) + noun + como ................................ as much / many + noun + as

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


34

2A - Unidad 3: La rutina diaria

Vocabulario To talk about getting ready acostarse (o ➞ ue) ............................................ to go to bed afeitarse ............................................................... to shave arreglarse (el pelo) ............................................ to fix (one’s hair) bañarse ............................................................... to take a bath cepillarse (los dientes) ...................................... to brush (one’s teeth) cortarse el pelo .................................................. to cut one’s hair despertarse (e ➞ ie) .......................................... to wake up ducharse ............................................................. to take a shower levantarse ........................................................... to get up lavarse (la cara) ................................................ to wash (one’s face) maquillarse/pintarse ......................................... to apply make-up pedir prestado, -a (a) ....................................... to borrow (from) peinarse ............................................................... to comb(one’s hair) pintarse las uñas ................................................. to polish(one’s nails) ponerse ................................................................ to put on prepararse .......................................................... to get ready quitarse la ropa .................................................. to get undressed secarse ................................................................ to dry vestirse (e ➞ i) .................................................... to get dressed To talk about things you need to get ready la afeitadora ....................................................... razor el agua de colonia, el perfume ...................... cologne, perfume el cepillo ............................................................... brush de dientes ............................................. toothbrush el champú ........................................................... shampoo el desodorante ................................................... deodorant el despertador .................................................... alarm clock la ducha .............................................................. shower el gel .................................................................... gel el jabón ............................................................ soap los labios .............................................................. lips el maquillaje ....................................................... make-up la pasta de dientes ............................................ tooth paste el peine ................................................................ comb el pelo .................................................................. hair el salón de belleza, pl. los salones ................ beauty salon

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


35

el secador ........................................................... blow dryer la toalla ................................................................ towel las uñas ................................................................ nails el cinturón, pl. los cinturones ........................... belt las joyas (de oro, de plata) .............................. (gold, silver) jewelry To talk about a special event la audición, pl. las audiciones ....................... audition la boda ................................................................ wedding la cita ................................................................... date el concurso ......................................................... contest un evento especial ........................................... special event To talk about how you feel entusiasmado, -a ............................................... excited nervioso, -a ......................................................... nervous tranquilo, -a ........................................................ calm Other useful words and expressions antes de ............................................................... before cómodo, -a ......................................................... comfortable depende ............................................................. it depends elegante .............................................................. elegant lentamente .......................................................... slowly luego .................................................................... then por ejemplo ........................................................ for example rápidamente ....................................................... quickly te ves (bien) ........................................................ you look (good)

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


36

2A - Unidad 4: De compras

Vocabulario To talk about shopping la entrada ............................................................ entrance la ganga .............................................................. bargain el letrero .............................................................. sign la liquidación, pl las liquidaciones ................. sale el mercado ......................................................... market la salida ............................................................... exit To describe colors claro, -a ............................................................... light de sólo un color ................................................. solid-colored oscuro, -a ............................................................ dark pastel ................................................................... pastel vivo, -a ................................................................. bright To describe what clothing is made of ¿De qué está hecho, -a? .................................. What is it made of ? Está hecho, -a de . . . ........................................ It is made of . . .

algodón ........................................................ cotton cuero ............................................................. leather lana ............................................................... wool seda ............................................................... silk tela sintética ................................................. synthetic fabric

To discuss paying for purchases alto, -a ................................................................. high bajo, -a ................................................................ low la caja .................................................................. cash register el cajero, la cajera ............................................ cashier el cheque (personal) ........................................ (personal) check el cupón (la tarjeta) de regalo ........................ gift card en efectivo .......................................................... cash gastar ................................................................... to spend el precio .............................................................. price tan + adjective ................................................... so la tarjeta de crédito ........................................... credit card To discuss clothing purchases apretado, -a ....................................................... tight escoger ............................................................... to choose

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


37

estar de moda .................................................... to be in fashion el estilo ................................................................. style exagerado, -a .................................................... outrageous flojo, -a ................................................................ loose la marca .............................................................. brand mediano, -a ........................................................ medium el número ............................................................ shoe size probarse (o ➞ ue) ............................................. to try on la talla .................................................................. size Other useful words and expressions anunciar .............................................................. to announce encontrar (o ➞ ue) ............................................ to find en realidad ......................................................... really me / te importa(n) ............................................. it matters (it’s important) / they matter to me/ to you inmediatamente ................................................ immediately me parece que .................................................. it seems to me that ¿Qué te parece? ................................................ What do you think? /How does it seem to you? ¿Qué número de zapato calzas? ................... What is your shoe size? recientemente .................................................... recently ayer ...................................................................... yesterday anteayer .............................................................. the day before yesterday anoche ................................................................ last night la semana pasada ............................................ last weekend fui/fuiste de compras ........................................ I/you went shopping

Review

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


38

2B - Unidad 5: La comunidad

Vocabulario To talk about places in a community el banco .............................................................. bank el centro .............................................................. downtown el consultorio ...................................................... doctor’s / dentist’s office la estación de servicio, pl. las estaciones ..... service station la gasolinera ....................................................... service station la farmacia ......................................................... pharmacy el supermercado ............................................... supermarket To talk about mail el buzón, pl. los buzones ................................... mailbox la carta ................................................................ letter echar una carta ................................................. to mail a letter el correo .............................................................. post office enviar (i ➞ í) ........................................................ to send el sello .................................................................. stamp la tarjeta .............................................................. card To talk about items in a sporting-goods store el equipo deportivo ........................................... sports equipment el palo de golf .................................................... golf club los patines ........................................................... skates la pelota .............................................................. ball la raqueta de tenis ............................................ tennis racket To talk about errands cerrar (e ➞ ie) .................................................... to close cobrar un cheque .............................................. to cash a check cuidar a ............................................................... to take care of el dentista, la dentista ....................................... dentist devolver (o ➞ ue)(un libro) .............................. to return (a book) la gasolina .......................................................... gasoline ir a pie .................................................................. to go on foot llenar (el tanque) ............................................... to fill (the tank) el médico, la médica ........................................ doctor sacar (un libro) ................................................... to take out, to check out (a book) se abre ................................................................. opens se cierra ............................................................... closes se me olvidó ..................................................... I forgot

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


39

salir ....................................................................... to go out, to exit decir ..................................................................... to tell Other useful words and expressions ¡Caramba! ........................................................... Good gracious! casi ....................................................................... almost ¡Cómo no! ........................................................... Of course! en seguida .......................................................... right away hasta .................................................................... until por ........................................................................ for (how long) pronto .................................................................. soon Hasta pronto. ......................................... See you soon. quedarse ............................................................. to stay todavía ................................................................ still varios, -as ............................................................ various, several To talk about getting around la avenida ........................................................... avenue el camión, pl. los camiones ............................. truck la carretera ......................................................... highway el conductor, la conductora ............................ driver el cruce de calles .............................................. intersection la cuadra ............................................................. block la esquina ............................................................ corner la estatua ............................................................ statue la fuente .............................................................. fountain el peatón, pl. los peatones ............................... pedestrian el permiso de manejar ..................................... driver’s license la plaza ................................................................ plaza el policía, la policía ........................................... police officer poner una multa ................................................ to give a ticket el puente ............................................................. bridge el semáforo ......................................................... traffic light la señal de parada ............................................ stop sign el tráfico .............................................................. traffic More useful words and expressions ancho, -a ............................................................ wide ¡Basta! .................................................................. Enough! De acuerdo. ........................................................ OK. Agreed. dejar ..................................................................... to leave, to let Déjame en paz. .................................................. Leave me alone. despacio ............................................................. slowly esperar ................................................................. to wait estar seguro, -a .................................................. to be sure

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


40

estrecho, -a ........................................................ narrow Me estás poniendo nervioso, -a. ..................... You are making me nervous. peligroso, -a ....................................................... dangerous quitar .................................................................... to take away, to remove tener cuidado ..................................................... to be careful ya .......................................................................... already To ask for and give directions aproximadamente ............................................ approximately ¿Cómo se va a . . . ? .......................................... How do you go to . . . ? complicado, -a .................................................. complicated cruzar ................................................................... to cross derecho ............................................................... straight desde ................................................................... from, since doblar .................................................................. to turn en medio de ....................................................... in the middle of hasta .................................................................... as far as, up to manejar ............................................................... to drive el metro ............................................................... subway parar .................................................................... to stop pasar .................................................................... to pass, to go por ........................................................................ for, by, around, along, through quedar ................................................................. to be located seguir (e ➞ i) ....................................................... to follow, to continue tener prisa ........................................................... to be in a hurry tomar .................................................................... to take, to follow

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


41

2B - Unidad 6: Cuando éramos niños

Vocabulario To name toys los bloques .......................................................... blocks la colección, pl. las colecciones .................... collection la cuerda ............................................................. rope el dinosaurio ....................................................... dinosaur la muñeca ........................................................... doll el muñeco ........................................................... action figure el oso de peluche .............................................. teddy bear el tren eléctrico .................................................. electric train el triciclo .............................................................. tricycle To name animals el pez, pl. los peces ........................................... fish la tortuga ............................................................. turtle la mascota .......................................................... pet To name places la guardería infantil ........................................... daycare center el patio de recreo .............................................. playground To explain your actions de niño, -a ........................................................... as a child de pequeño, -a .................................................. as a child de vez en cuando ............................................. once in a while por lo general ..................................................... in general todo el mundo .................................................... everyone el vecino, la vecina ........................................... neighbor la verdad ............................................................. truth mentir (e ➞ ie) .................................................... to lie obedecer (c ➞ zc) ............................................ to obey ofrecer (c ➞ zc) ................................................. to offer permitir ................................................................. to permit, to allow portarse bien / mal ............................................ to behave well / badly To describe someone bien educado, -a .............................................. well-behaved consentido, -a / mimado, -a ............................ spoiled desobediente ..................................................... disobedient

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


42

generoso, -a ....................................................... generous obediente ............................................................ obedient tímido, -a ............................................................. timid travieso, -a .......................................................... naughty, mischievous To talk about manners los modales ......................................................... manners abrazar(se) ......................................................... to hug besar(se) ............................................................. to kiss dar(se) la mano ................................................. to shake hands despedirse (e ➞i)(de) ....................................... to say good-bye (to) saludar(se) .......................................................... to greet sonreír (e ➞í) ...................................................... to smile To talk about people el bebé, la bebé ................................................ baby los mayores ......................................................... grown-ups los parientes ........................................................ relatives contar (o ➞ ue) (chistes) .................................. to tell (jokes) llevarse bien / mal ............................................. to get along well / badly llorar ..................................................................... to cry reírse (e ➞í) ......................................................... to laugh reunirse (u ➞ú) ................................................... to meet To talk about special events alrededor de ....................................................... around enorme ................................................................ enormous el aniversario ...................................................... anniversary la costumbre ....................................................... custom el desfile .............................................................. parade el día festivo ........................................................ holiday la fiesta de sorpresa .......................................... surprise party los fuegos artificiales ......................................... fireworks la reunión, pl. las reuniones ............................. gathering casarse (con) ..................................................... to get married (to) charlar ................................................................. to chat cumplir años ....................................................... to have a birthday divertirse (e ➞ie) ................................................ to have fun felicitar ................................................................. to congratulate ¡Felicidades! ........................................... Congratulations! hacer un picnic .................................................. to have a picnic nacer .................................................................... to be born regalar ................................................................. to give (a gift)

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


43

To discuss the past antiguo, -a .......................................................... old, antique frecuentemente ................................................. frequently había .................................................................... there was / there were mientras (que) .................................................... while recordar (o ➞ ue) .............................................. to remember

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


44

2B - Unidad 7: Las emergencias

Vocabulario To talk about natural disasters and weather extremes el huracán, pl. los huracanes .......................... hurricane la inundación, pl. las inundaciones ................. flood llover (o➞ue) ...................................................... to rain la lluvia ................................................................ rain nevar (e➞ie) ....................................................... to snow el terremoto ........................................................ earthquake la tormenta ......................................................... storm To discuss the news el artículo ............................................................ article el locutor, la locutora ........................................ announcer el noticiero .......................................................... newscast el reportero, la reportera .................................. reporter investigar ............................................................. to investigate ocurrir ................................................................... to occur tratar de ............................................................... to try to To talk about fires el bombero, la bombera .................................. firefighter el edificio de apartamentos ............................ apartment building la escalera .......................................................... ladder la explosión, pl. las explosiones ...................... explosion el humo ................................................................ smoke el incendio .......................................................... fire los muebles ......................................................... furniture el paramédico, la paramédica ...................... paramedic apagar ................................................................. to put out (fire) bajar ..................................................................... to go down comenzar (e➞ie) ............................................... to start dormido, -a ......................................................... asleep destruir (i➞y) ....................................................... to destroy muerto, -a ........................................................... dead escaparse ........................................................... to escape esconder(se) ...................................................... to hide (oneself) quemar(se) ......................................................... to burn (oneself), to burn up se murieron ......................................................... they died subir ...................................................................... to go up

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


45

To discuss rescues herido, -a ............................................................. injured el herido, la herida ............................................ injured person el héroe ............................................................... heroe la heroína ............................................................ heroine valiente ................................................................ brave la vida .................................................................. life vivo, -a ................................................................. living, alive rescatar ............................................................... to rescue salvar ................................................................... to save To tell a story afortunadamente ............................................... fortunately asustado, -a ........................................................ frightened la causa ............................................................... cause a causa de .................................................. because of de prisa ................................................................ in a hurry de repente .......................................................... suddenly hubo ..................................................................... there was sin duda ............................................................... without a doubt ¡Socorro! .............................................................. Help! gritar ..................................................................... to scream llamar (por teléfono) ......................................... to call (on the phone) oír .......................................................................... to hear To talk about medical treatments doler (o ➞ ue) .................................................... to hurt me duele(n) [la cabeza] ........................... my head hurts te duele(n) [la pierna] ................................. my leg hurts le duelen [los pies] ....................................... my feet hurt el dolor ................................................................. pain el enfermero, la enfermera .............................. nurse examinar ............................................................. to examine, to check la inyección, pl.las inyecciones ....................... injection, shot poner una inyección ................................ to give an injection la medicina ......................................................... medicine el médico, -a ...................................................... doctor las muletas .......................................................... crutches las pastillas ........................................................... pills las puntadas ....................................................... stitches dar puntadas .............................................. to stitch (surgically) la radiografía ...................................................... X-ray sacar una radiografía ................................ to take an X-ray la receta .............................................................. prescription

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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recetar ................................................................. to prescribe roto, -a ................................................................. broken la sala de emergencia ..................................... emergency room la sangre ............................................................. blood la silla de ruedas ................................................ wheelchair la venda .............................................................. bandage el yeso ................................................................. cast To talk about accidents ¿Qué te pasó? .................................................... What happened to you? el accidente ....................................................... accident la ambulancia .................................................... ambulance caerse .................................................................. to fall me caí .......................................................... I fell te caíste ........................................................ you fell se cayó ......................................................... he / she fell se cayeron ................................................... they / you fell chocar con ......................................................... to crash into, to collide with cortarse ............................................................... to cut oneself lastimarse ............................................................ to hurt oneself romperse ............................................................. to break, to tear torcerse (o ➞ ue) ............................................... to twist, to sprain tropezar (e ➞ ie)(con) ...................................... to trip (over) To talk about parts of the body el cuerpo ............................................................. body la cabeza ............................................................ head el ojo .................................................................... eye la nariz ................................................................. nose la boca ................................................................ mouth la oreja ................................................................ ear el cuello ............................................................... neck el hombro ............................................................ shoulder la espalda ........................................................... back el brazo ................................................................ arm el codo ................................................................ elbow la muñeca ........................................................... wrist la mano ............................................................... hand el dedo ................................................................ finger el estómago ........................................................ stomach la pierna .............................................................. leg la rodilla ............................................................... knee el tobillo ............................................................... ankle el pie .................................................................... foot

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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el hueso ............................................................... bone el músculo ............................................................ muscle Other useful words and expressions pobrecito, -a ....................................................... poor thing ¡Qué lástima! ...................................................... What a shame! moverse (o ➞ ue) .............................................. to move sentirse (e ➞ ie) ................................................. to feel

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


48

2B - Unidad 8: ¡A cocinar!

Vocabulario To name foods and items in the kitchen el aceite .............................................................. cooking oil el ajo .................................................................... garlic el caldo ............................................................... broth el camarón, pl. los camarones ........................ shrimp los mariscos ........................................................ shellfish la salsa ................................................................. salsa, sauce el vinagre ............................................................ vinegar la estufa ............................................................... stove el fregadero ........................................................ sink el fuego ............................................................... fire, heat el horno ............................................................... oven el microondas, pl. los microondas .................. microwave la olla ................................................................... pot el refrigerador ..................................................... refrigerator la sartén, pl. las sartenes .................................. frying pan To follow a recipe añadir ................................................................... to add no añadas ..................................................... don’t add batir .................................................................... to beat calentar (e ➞ ie) ................................................ to heat freír (e ➞ í) ........................................................... to fry hervir (e ➞ ie) (e ➞ i) ........................................ to boil mezclar ................................................................ to mix pelar ..................................................................... to peel picar ..................................................................... to chop probar (o ➞ ue) .................................................. to taste, to try la cucharada ...................................................... tablespoon(ful) el ingrediente ..................................................... ingredient el pedazo ............................................................ piece, slice la receta .............................................................. récipe

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


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To talk about food preparation ¿Cómo se hace . . . ? ........................................ How do you make . . . ? ¿Con qué se sirve? ............................................ What do you serve it with? al horno ............................................................... baked caliente ............................................................... hot congelado, -a .................................................... frozen enlatado, -a ........................................................ canned fresco, -a ............................................................. fresh frito, -a ................................................................. fried apagar ................................................................. to turn off dejar ..................................................................... to leave, to let no dejes ......................................................... don’t leave, don’t let encender (e ➞ ie) ............................................. to turn on, to light olvidarse de ........................................................ to forget about / to no te olvides de ........................................... don’t forget about / to tirar ....................................................................... to spill, to throw away no tires ........................................................... don’t spill, don’t throw away se puede .......................................................... you can To talk about eating outdoors la fogata .............................................................. bonfire el fósforo .............................................................. match la leña .................................................................. firewood el puesto ........................................................... (food) stand a la parrilla .......................................................... on the grill hacer una parrillada ......................................... to have a barbecue asar ...................................................................... to grill, to roast asado, -a ............................................................. grilled To talk about foods acompañar ...................................................... to accompany el aguacate ........................................................ avocado la carne de res ................................................... steak la cereza ............................................................. cherry la cesta ................................................................ basket la chuleta de cerdo ........................................... pork chop el durazno ........................................................... peach los frijoles ............................................................. beans la harina .............................................................. flour el maíz ................................................................. corn la mayonesa ....................................................... mayonnaise el melón, pl. los melones .................................. melon la mostaza ........................................................... mustard el olor ................................................................... smell, odor

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


50

el pavo ................................................................. turkey la piña .................................................................. pineapple el sabor ................................................................ taste la salsa de tomate ............................................. ketchup la sandía .............................................................. watermelon Other useful words dulce .................................................................... sweet grasoso, -a .......................................................... fatty picante ................................................................ spicy mojado, -a .......................................................... wet seco, -a ............................................................... dry

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


51

2B - Unidad 9: De viaje

Vocabulario To talk about travel plans hacer un viaje .................................................... to take a trip hacer la maleta ................................................. to pack the suitcase la maleta ...................................................... suitcase planear ................................................................ to plan la agencia de viajes ......................................... travel agency el / la agente de viajes .................................... travel agent el equipaje ......................................................... luggage el pasaporte ....................................................... passport la reservación, pl. las reservaciones .............. reservation la tarjeta de embarque .................................... boarding pass el / la turista ........................................................ tourist extranjero, -a ..................................................... foreign To talk about airports abordar ............................................................... to board durar .................................................................... to last facturar ................................................................ to check (luggage) hacer escala ...................................................... to stop over registrar ............................................................... to inspect, to search (luggage) la aduana ........................................................... customs el aduanero, la aduanera ................................ customs officer el aeropuerto ..................................................... airport el anuncio ........................................................... announcement el / la auxiliar de vuelo ..................................... flight attendant con destino a ..................................................... going to de ida y vuelta ................................................... round-trip directo, -a ........................................................... direct el empleado, la empleada ............................. employee la inspección de seguridad ............................. security checkpoint la línea aérea ..................................................... airline la llegada ............................................................ arrival el pasajero, la pasajera ................................... passenger el pasillo .............................................................. aisle el / la piloto ........................................................ pilot la puerta de embarque .................................... departure gate el retraso ............................................................. delay

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


52

la salida ............................................................... departure la ventanilla ........................................................ (airplane) window el vuelo ................................................................ flight Other useful words and expressions abierto, -a ........................................................... open bienvenido, -a ................................................... welcome cerrado, -a ......................................................... closed listo, -a ................................................................. ready insistir en .............................................................. to insist sugerir (e ➞ ie) ................................................... to suggest tendremos ........................................................... we will have tener paciencia ................................................. to be patient To talk about places to visit in a city el cajero automático ........................................ ATM la casa de cambio ............................................ currency exchange el castillo ............................................................. castle la catedral .......................................................... cathedral histórico, -a ......................................................... historical el palacio ............................................................ palace el quiosco.......................................................... newsstand To talk about hotels el ascensor ......................................................... elevator la habitación, pl. las habitaciones ................ room doble ............................................................. double room individual ...................................................... single room la llave ................................................................. key la recepción ....................................................... reception desk conseguir (e ➞ i) ............................................... to obtain To talk about behavior atento, -a ............................................................ attentive cortés ................................................................... polite puntual ................................................................ punctual hacer ruido ......................................................... to make noise observar .............................................................. to observe ofender ................................................................ to offend la propina ........................................................... tip

REQUIRED VOCABULARY


53

To talk about tourist activities la artesanía ......................................................... handicrafts el bote de vela ................................................... sailboat el esquí acuático ............................................... water ski la excursión, pl. las excursiones ..................... excursion, short trip el guía, la guía ................................................... guide la guía ................................................................. guidebook el itinerario .......................................................... itinerary la moto acuática ............................................... jet ski el surf de vela ..................................................... windsurfing la tarjeta postal .................................................. postcard el vendedor, la vendedora .............................. vendor cambiar ............................................................... to change, to exchange disfrutar de .......................................................... to enjoy hacer una gira ................................................... to take a tour navegar ............................................................... to sail, to navigate regatear .............................................................. to bargain Other useful words and expressions bello, -a ............................................................... beautiful en punto .............................................................. exactly (time) estupendo, -a ..................................................... stupendous, wonderful famoso, -a .......................................................... famous el rey, pl. los reyes ............................................. king, king and queen siguiente .............................................................. next, following tal vez .................................................................. maybe, perhaps típico, -a .............................................................. typical

1a unidad 1: ¡bienvenidos a la clase de español! · required vocabulary montgomery county public...

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